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Speaker 1: Welcome to Creature feature, a production of I Heart Radio.

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Speaker 1: Happy October everyone. I'm your ghostly host of Many Parasites,

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Speaker 1: Katie Golden, and I studied psychology and evolutionary biology, and

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Speaker 1: I think birds are pretty neat. But today on the show,

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Speaker 1: we're going in a more mammalian direction when it comes

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Speaker 1: to flying bats. Den and and and then bat facts.

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Speaker 1: That's right. Today we're going to take an in depth

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Speaker 1: look at one of our favorite creepy critters, the bat.

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Speaker 1: Why do bats hang upside down? How did bats become

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Speaker 1: associated with Dracula? What are some of the craziest bat

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Speaker 1: species in the world that you've probably never heard of?

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Speaker 1: Discover this and more as we answered the angel question,

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Speaker 1: if batman was bitten by a radioactive bat, what powers

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Speaker 1: would he have? So right off the bat? Why are

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Speaker 1: we scared of bats? I'm using we loosely. I certainly

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Speaker 1: love bats, and I know many of you do as well.

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Speaker 1: I think the book Stella Luna did a great job

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Speaker 1: of removing some of the stigma against bats. But still,

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Speaker 1: bats are creatures of the night and are associated with vampires, Halloween,

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Speaker 1: haunted mansions, and other spooky stuff. They're often feared as

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Speaker 1: carriers of rabies, as blood suckers, or as pests who

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Speaker 1: will nest in your hair if you wear an attractive

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Speaker 1: up to inside a cake. Today, we're going to explore

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Speaker 1: some of these myths and show you that you really

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Speaker 1: shouldn't be afraid of bats well in most cases. Joining

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Speaker 1: me today to get her blood sucked is bat Lever,

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Speaker 1: writer and co host of the show night called Molly Lambert. Hello.

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Speaker 1: Should I say lambat? You can say lambat? Or should

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Speaker 1: I say Lambert Molly Lambat? Or should I say Lambert?

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Speaker 1: Thank you so much for having me on today, Katie.

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Speaker 1: I am so excited to talk about baths. I know

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Speaker 1: I wrote this special for you because you mentioned you

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Speaker 1: like bats. I've been talking about baths a lot recently anyway. Uh,

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Speaker 1: and then when you said it was a good idea

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Speaker 1: to do it for an October episode, just all came together. Yes,

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Speaker 1: it certainly did. I'm very excited for this because I

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Speaker 1: think bats are one of the coolest groups of animals

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Speaker 1: in the world. And it's also it's it's Halloween times. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I think I was like, I would like to know

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Speaker 1: everything about bats, and you can provide that service. I don't.

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Speaker 1: There's such a They're so diverse that I'm there's no

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Speaker 1: way we can cover in like an hour, in a

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Speaker 1: few minutes, everything about bats, but I'm gonna try. We'll

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Speaker 1: fly over the surface. So bats have a special place

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Speaker 1: in folklore as spooky creatures, and it goes just beyond

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Speaker 1: Halloween and vampires. There are many legends in cultures around

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Speaker 1: the world and throughout history that feature the bat, and

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Speaker 1: it's not always negative. So in ancient Egypt, bats were

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Speaker 1: thought to be defenders against demons. Hanging a bat over

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Speaker 1: your doorway would stop disease toting demons from entering your home.

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Speaker 1: In China, the bat is a symbol of happiness and

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Speaker 1: good fortune. Uh And in Cherokee fables, birds and mammals

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Speaker 1: were playing a game of ball when a small mouse

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Speaker 1: like creature tried to join the mammals teams, but it

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Speaker 1: was mocked and scorned by the larger animals. The birds

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Speaker 1: took pity on the bat and fashion wings man out

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Speaker 1: of a hide from a drum so he could join

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Speaker 1: the birds team, and therefore the bat was created. In

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Speaker 1: the Creek version of this fable, the birds are the

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Speaker 1: ones who reject the bat and the mammals give bird

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Speaker 1: teeth and then that's how the bat happens. And then

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Speaker 1: in Mayan folklore, the Miyan bat god Cama zalts is

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Speaker 1: the death bat, which was a god of night, death

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Speaker 1: and sacrifice. In one legend, he stole the plucked head

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Speaker 1: off of a Mayan hero and hung the head up

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Speaker 1: on the god's ball court to play with. So it's

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Speaker 1: interesting a few of these bats are their origin stories

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Speaker 1: are in ball games or yeah, and they definitely makes

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Speaker 1: sense for them to be associated with night because that's

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Speaker 1: when they come out. I heard the thing about Chinese

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Speaker 1: uh folklore about bats being good fortune in another documentary

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Speaker 1: because apparently the word for bat sounds identical to the

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Speaker 1: word for good fortune. That's right. There's like the five

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Speaker 1: baths like a homophone. Yeah, and then there's this really

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Speaker 1: cool pattern motif of bats that is like the good

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Speaker 1: fortune yeah logo. I love it, like the five bats

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Speaker 1: of fortune. Yeah. I like when a creature has a

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Speaker 1: bad reputation and then you can explain why it's not deserved.

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Speaker 1: They're like a boy They're like a boy band. You

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Speaker 1: have five bats. You think they're kind of bad boys,

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Speaker 1: but they're really sweet they're all the cute one, the

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Speaker 1: bad boy, and the sweet one, the sensitive bat. And

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Speaker 1: you know, they do sometimes have a more negative connotation

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Speaker 1: and culture as we know. In the eighteen book Fairy

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Speaker 1: Legends and Traditions of South Ireland, bats were fabled to

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Speaker 1: hijack human bodies and take them on joy ride. So

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Speaker 1: here's a quote from the book. Quote the Fuca, I

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Speaker 1: think is how it's pronounced. The Fuka would take his

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Speaker 1: victims on great adventures as far away as the moon.

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Speaker 1: He compels the man of it has got possession and

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Speaker 1: who is incapable of making any resistance, to go through

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Speaker 1: various adventures in a short time. It hurries with him

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Speaker 1: over precipices, carries him up into the moon and down

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Speaker 1: to the bottom of the sea. Uh So, basically, the Fuca,

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Speaker 1: which is like some kind of bat demon, would take

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Speaker 1: over your body and just right it around town. Sounds fun,

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Speaker 1: It does sounds fun. I don't know. I feel like

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Speaker 1: in terms of demonic possession, that's pretty cool. If they

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Speaker 1: take you to the moon, the bottom of the ocean,

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Speaker 1: anything where you get to fly, It's like, who's going

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Speaker 1: to say no to that? Come on, and one of

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Speaker 1: the big questions that I had, and I think some

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Speaker 1: of our listeners would have, is how bats got associated

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Speaker 1: with Dracula and vampires in general. So Steve from Twitter asks,

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Speaker 1: why did bats get the blood sucking reputation when very

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Speaker 1: few types of bats drink blood? What about leeches, most mosquitoes, etcetera, um,

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Speaker 1: And I think that this is bats became a really

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Speaker 1: prominent and popular culture following Dracula, and then even though

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Speaker 1: there's only like three species that drink blood, Dracula is

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Speaker 1: such a phenomenon in terms of a popular book that

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Speaker 1: when bats entered the public consciousness, the vampire bat, the

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Speaker 1: blood sucking bat, the connection to Dracula really kind of cemented. So,

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Speaker 1: according to an article from the Florida Bat Conservation Center

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Speaker 1: by Elizabeth Miller, vampire folklore predated the discovery of vampire bats,

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Speaker 1: at least in the case of Spanish explorers. When they invaded,

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Speaker 1: explored whatever you want to call it, invaded, um anyways,

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Speaker 1: invaded Central and South America. The Spaniards quote unquote discovered

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Speaker 1: bats who would lap up blood, and they called them vampires.

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Speaker 1: Dracula wasn't the first man bat. There was Varney the Vampire,

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Speaker 1: which was written fifty years before brom Stoker's Dracula, which

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Speaker 1: featured a bat shaped vampire. Man. You know, here comes

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Speaker 1: of our Ernie. I guess with a name like that,

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Speaker 1: it's going to be hard to become the most famous vampire.

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Speaker 1: Doesn't have this quite ring of Dracula. It sounds like

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Speaker 1: it sounds like a down home kind of Midwest. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: it's making me think about Earnest. Yeah, Earnest goes to Transylvania.

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Speaker 1: Who's Jim Barney is. Yeah, exactly plays Earnest. But also

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Speaker 1: it has a real twine to it. But I like

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Speaker 1: the idea of kind of a country vampire vampire. Just

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Speaker 1: you know, I don't like the vampires always have to

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Speaker 1: be so aristocratic, right, right, you have a vampire who's like, now, now,

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Speaker 1: hold on their listen. I'm gonna suck your blood, but

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Speaker 1: don't take it too personal. Well, there's also a connection

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Speaker 1: between bats and uh farming. Yeah, yeah, because bats are

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Speaker 1: often especially vampire bats are often pests when it comes

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Speaker 1: to cattle. Oh well, I was going to say the opposite,

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Speaker 1: that they're positive because they eat all the apprently like

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Speaker 1: corn fields and stuff like that. Yeah, and sucked of wars.

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Speaker 1: Bats are actually extremely important. Right, it's the vampire bats

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Speaker 1: that give the insectivore bats the bad reputation. But even

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Speaker 1: vampire bats, it's not like they drain an animal. They

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Speaker 1: just like kind of take a little bit, like a mosquito,

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Speaker 1: a little bit. That Really the only danger from vampire

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Speaker 1: bats is the potential to spread rabies, which is really overstated.

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Speaker 1: I've heard it is. Yeah, so we'll get into that

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Speaker 1: into depth a little bit later. What's interesting is that

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Speaker 1: misconception you mentioned about vampire bats is really what inspired, uh,

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Speaker 1: the transformation from Dracula into a bat. So when brom

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Speaker 1: Stoker was writing Dracula, he read this news story about

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Speaker 1: um vampire bat, and uh he misunderstood or exaggerated the

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Speaker 1: details from the story. So in his book he writes, uh, quote,

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Speaker 1: one of those big bats that they call the vampires

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Speaker 1: has got at a mare during the night, and there

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Speaker 1: wasn't enough blood in her to let her stand up. So,

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Speaker 1: like you mentioned van here about to teeny tiny, they're

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Speaker 1: little tiny cuties. They can't drain and you like a

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Speaker 1: mosquito that could drain you is terrifying. That is true that, yeah,

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Speaker 1: just a huge bloated mosquito I mean, really what you

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Speaker 1: were saying about leeches. We talked about leeches on Nightcall,

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Speaker 1: and we recently read a horror story for our book

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Speaker 1: club with this ginge eedo book. Smashed has a book. Oh.

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Speaker 1: The first story is about vampire baths and it's really scary.

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Speaker 1: But it doesn't blame the vampire baths. Yeah, nor should

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Speaker 1: it um, but leeches, Like it kind of just makes

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Speaker 1: sense that bats are more photogenic, yeah, perhaps than leeches.

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Speaker 1: I mean leeches, leaches are scarier because they have their

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Speaker 1: face like bats are cute. Yeah, and I would say

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Speaker 1: that just in terms of the awareness. Leeches not as

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Speaker 1: kind of aware and as smart as a bat, So

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Speaker 1: I genuinely feel less empathy towards a leech. I don't

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Speaker 1: hate leeches though, because they aren't necessarily that bad. We

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Speaker 1: probably don't hate any creature. Well, no, that's not true.

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Speaker 1: I hate fleas because of what Because like when I

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Speaker 1: find a flee on my dog and like bring me

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Speaker 1: to health, right, I feel that way about all insects.

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Speaker 1: Worm Like, I like them in theory, but then if

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Speaker 1: they're like in my house, I don't want them to

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Speaker 1: be there, and I try to get them out. I

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Speaker 1: actually don't mind insects, Like in my house. It's it's

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Speaker 1: specific to like if there's a pest that's bothering my dog,

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Speaker 1: like a tick or flee. I get really angry at

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Speaker 1: it because I take it personally. Well. I watched like

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Speaker 1: a local Pennsylvania documentary about baths, and it had this

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Speaker 1: whole section about like how everybody knows that baths come

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Speaker 1: to live in your house during the winter, um and

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Speaker 1: it encouraged people to let the bats stay in your

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Speaker 1: house because they eat bugs and they don't really hurt you. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I mean, in general, they aren't really that harmful. I

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Speaker 1: would say probably better to try to set up bad

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Speaker 1: houses outside of the house, just because you know, humans

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Speaker 1: and bats, it's not it's never a good situation to

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Speaker 1: either way to kind of try to interfere with them

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Speaker 1: or have them in the same space shares like a birdhouse.

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Speaker 1: It's basically like a birdhouse. Yeah, and we actually we're

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Speaker 1: going to talk a little bit about the houses too.

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Speaker 1: I think like the fear of bats really comes from

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Speaker 1: the vampire bat. And you know that's as we stated,

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Speaker 1: like there's obviously other bats that are not they don't

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Speaker 1: drink blood. In fact of the species of bats, only

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Speaker 1: three drink blood. All are native to the America's so

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Speaker 1: they're all really big. The vampire bat, No, no, they're tiny.

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Speaker 1: Yeah what am I thinking? Of the fruit the flying

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Speaker 1: foxes fruit bats tend to be bigger. Yeah. Vampire bats

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Speaker 1: have really rapid metabolisms because they're so small. Uh, they

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Speaker 1: need to get a blood meal about every night. Um,

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Speaker 1: and if they go too long between feedings they'll die.

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Speaker 1: Kind of like how hummingbirds. They're so small and they

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Speaker 1: have such a rapid metabolism they need to constantly eat. Um.

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Speaker 1: Luckily blood is more I guess a little bit more

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Speaker 1: sustaining nectar, so they only need to feed about once

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Speaker 1: a night. They do. This is a cute thing, so

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Speaker 1: they kind of have a social safety net for if

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Speaker 1: a bat doesn't get a meal. Uh. So, well fed

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Speaker 1: bats will trade their food with a neighbor for grooming.

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Speaker 1: So by trade food, I mean regurgitated into their mouth. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: this comes up in the ginge etostoria. It's adorable though,

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Speaker 1: because they'll if you, you know, if you're a little

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Speaker 1: bat and you're like, oh, I'm so hungry, if you

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Speaker 1: just like groom another bat, the bat will regurgitate blood

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Speaker 1: into your mouth. It's a beautiful thing. Especially females. When

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Speaker 1: there's a new mother, they're especially willing to help her out,

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Speaker 1: which I think is such an interestingly empathetic social relationship.

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Speaker 1: Um and uh, so let's talk about these three species

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Speaker 1: of vampire bats. So there's the common vampire bat, which

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Speaker 1: I think is what people are most familiar with. There's

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Speaker 1: the white winged vampire bat, which is very similar to

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Speaker 1: the common vat pire bat. And then there's the hairy

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Speaker 1: legged vampire bat, which is really interesting, little cutie. So

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Speaker 1: the common vampire bat is found in Mexico, Central and

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Speaker 1: South America mostly. Uh, they feed on livestock. They won't.

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Speaker 1: They don't drain them dry of blood. That's just impossible.

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Speaker 1: They prefer it. One thing is true, they do prefer

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Speaker 1: horses to cattle, so at least brom Stoker got that right.

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Speaker 1: But they will whatever is basically available to them. They're opportunistic. Um.

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Speaker 1: They're kind of superpowered because they have noses that are

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Speaker 1: full of little dimples that are that have a protein

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Speaker 1: that's able us sense heat. So they can literally smell

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Speaker 1: where the best um vein is to suck blood from.

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Speaker 1: And so they find these warm spots on the animal

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Speaker 1: where the blood flow is the greatest, and their saliva

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Speaker 1: contains an anticoagulant uh, so the blood doesn't clot and

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Speaker 1: they can lamp it up more easily, so they don't

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Speaker 1: suck blood. They don't use suction. They make a little

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Speaker 1: like tiny incision and then lap it up kind of

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Speaker 1: like a cat, like a kiddy. Yeah, with wings and

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Speaker 1: tiny um. Their tongue has a groove in it that's

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Speaker 1: so narrow. The blood travels up the back mouth via

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Speaker 1: capillary action, so like a little tiny uh. It's how

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Speaker 1: fluids travel through plants as well, or up a paper towel.

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Speaker 1: So it's just kind of like soaking up the blood. Um.

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Speaker 1: And so the white winged vampire bat is essentially the same,

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Speaker 1: just a little different looking. It's got a more tan

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Speaker 1: color and its wings are tipped in white. But the

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Speaker 1: hairy legged vampire bat is pretty amazing. So it's it's

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Speaker 1: adorable to me. It kind of looks like Stitch from

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Speaker 1: and Stitch. Can you see that? They're also cute and

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Speaker 1: they all have such different kinds of faces. I know,

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Speaker 1: this one looks like it's got a little smile. It's adorable.

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Speaker 1: It's found in South and Central America, in southern Mexico. UM.

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Speaker 1: But instead of feeding on cattle, it feeds on birds. Uh.

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Speaker 1: Mostly it feeds on birds in the wild, but it

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Speaker 1: also feeds on chickens because there's such an abundance of

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Speaker 1: chickens that have been domesticated UM, which I think is

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Speaker 1: kind of funny. It's like, you know, the the Cherokee

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Speaker 1: and Creek folklore about bats and birds, and like the

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Speaker 1: ball game. It's like it's like they their rivals with

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Speaker 1: these birds, and they, you know, have kind of antagonistic

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Speaker 1: relationship with birds. I think it's funny. They have to

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Speaker 1: fight for the air exactly for the air space they've

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Speaker 1: established a no fly zone. What is interesting about this bat. Now,

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Speaker 1: most vampire bats do not bite humans. They don't um

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Speaker 1: or they don't they won't feed on humans. They don't

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Speaker 1: bite them intentionally. The bites would be because they're scared. UM. However,

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Speaker 1: the hairy legged vampire bat has been recorded with human

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Speaker 1: blood in its feces uh. And it's thought that because

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Speaker 1: human farmers may live in close contact with chickens, especially

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Speaker 1: low income farmers, the bats are are opportunistically feeding on

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Speaker 1: the humans um, which is actually very interesting because it

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Speaker 1: shows that these bats can kind of adapt to different

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Speaker 1: blood types, so from avian blood to mammalian blood. Of course,

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Speaker 1: they're not gonna drain you dry of blood um. The

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Speaker 1: only concern is the transmission of rabies, which is always

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Speaker 1: a concern with any mammalian bite that you get any

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Speaker 1: wild animal that bites you. But as we'll soon discuss,

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Speaker 1: bats kind of get a bad rap when it comes

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Speaker 1: to rabies that's maybe not as deserved. The majority of

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Speaker 1: bats do not drink blood. So many species of bats

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Speaker 1: are insectivores, but they're also fishing bats who like swooped

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Speaker 1: down to the water and like like grab little fish

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Speaker 1: and you don't, which is it's pretty adorable. It's awesome.

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Speaker 1: There are fruit bats. There are even bats that will

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Speaker 1: feed on nectar like hummingbirds. So here's the trumpet nosed bat.

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Speaker 1: I love it. He's got a really long snout uh

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Speaker 1: and he held basically just like a hummingbird will feed

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Speaker 1: on nectar. They're just like little blood hummingbird. That's the

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Speaker 1: perfect way to think of. Yeah, they're like if a

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Speaker 1: hummingbird got bitten by a vampire and turn to do

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Speaker 1: a bat their night night hummingbird night hummingbirds right exactly.

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Speaker 1: And the lesser long nose bats, which are found in Arizona,

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Speaker 1: New Mexico and Central America. Uh live in arid regions

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Speaker 1: and they feed on nectar and in fact, they feed

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Speaker 1: so much on flowers they will turn yellow after getting

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Speaker 1: covered in pollen. So they're great pollinators to the bats

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Speaker 1: are pretty good for the environment. They help keep down

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Speaker 1: insect populations, they help pollinate fruit and distribute fruit seeds,

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Speaker 1: they help pollinate flowers. Um. They're They're amazing. They're basically

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Speaker 1: like birds, Yes, exactly. They There's also so one more

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Speaker 1: that that I think you'll like is the palid bat,

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Speaker 1: which is from western Canada to Central Mexico, who is

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Speaker 1: a desert bat who eats insects off the ground and

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Speaker 1: also eats scorpions. Um. And it doesn't actually use echolocation

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Speaker 1: as much as it just listens for insects with its

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Speaker 1: great hearing. Like how they're all opportunists, like whatever's around

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Speaker 1: likely adaptable. Yeah, it's uh. They really are like Batman,

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Speaker 1: where they just have like a utility belt of different traits.

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Speaker 1: They're cooler than Batman. He does. Bats don't snitch. Yeah, exactly,

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Speaker 1: these palid bats, do you actually release a foul odor

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Speaker 1: when they're alarmed like a little skunk. That's cool. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: So bats do a lot of diverse things that I

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Speaker 1: think people maybe aren't as aware of, like you may

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Speaker 1: have heard of like fruit bats, insects eating bats, and

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Speaker 1: vampire bats. But their range of behaviors is really incredible.

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Speaker 1: They're in extremely diverse. Are they everywhere in the world? Um? Well, no,

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Speaker 1: are not, like literally everywhere because like you know, I

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Speaker 1: don't think they're in uh climates where it's too cold. Um,

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Speaker 1: there's no Arctic bath. There's no that I'm not. There

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Speaker 1: are white bats though, so, but they are found in many,

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Speaker 1: many different areas, So not just in the Americas. They're

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Speaker 1: found in Europe and Africa and South America. Um. And

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Speaker 1: we'll actually go through some of the crazier species that

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Speaker 1: we find all over the world, and just a little

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Speaker 1: bit is our fear of bats? Natural or learned? Researchers

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Speaker 1: assessed the attitudes of Slovaki and children towards bats and

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Speaker 1: found that many of them were fearful. The researchers found

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Speaker 1: a correlation between children's beliefs and myths about bats and

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Speaker 1: their fear of them. Unfortunately, another study published in the

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Speaker 1: Journal of Evolutionary Psychology found that support for conservation of

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Speaker 1: animals is a bit of a beauty contest. The cute

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Speaker 1: are the animals, the more likely surveyed people were to

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Speaker 1: support conservation efforts, whereas quote unquote ugly species such as

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Speaker 1: garter snakes, cave spiders, and ozark big eared bats were

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Speaker 1: given the lowest support for environmental protection. Well, that seems

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Speaker 1: downright unfair to bats. What is this high school? So

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Speaker 1: let's dispel some of these myths and show you how

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Speaker 1: beautiful inside and out these creatures are. When we return,

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Speaker 1: we'll look at the facts behind the bacts, I mean

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Speaker 1: the bats, the bat facts. Now we're going to talk

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Speaker 1: about some bat facts. No no, no, no, no, no,

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Speaker 1: no bat facts. Sometimes human culture intersects with real bad behavior.

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Speaker 1: Have you ever wondered why bats are so synonymous with Halloween.

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Speaker 1: It could be the creep factor. They come out at night,

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Speaker 1: they've vne through soak your blood. Well, only some of

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Speaker 1: them and only of your cow basically, but there may

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Speaker 1: be another reason. When Irish immigrants fled the potato famine

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Speaker 1: came to America, they brought with them the Celtic festival

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Speaker 1: of sam Haine, in which celebrants would wear costumes to

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Speaker 1: scare off ghosts. According to bat biologists Nate Fuller, these

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Speaker 1: emigran who came to the US Northeast would have observed

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Speaker 1: clouds of bats around October someone migration paths, some gluttonously

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Speaker 1: chowing down on insects before hibernation. So perhaps they associated

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Speaker 1: these winged creature with the Halloween celebration simply due to

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Speaker 1: the bats normal fall routine, or maybe that's what the

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Speaker 1: bats want us to think. So I think it's interesting

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Speaker 1: because bats are just so associated with fall. Um. They aren't, like,

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Speaker 1: you know, exclusively a fall time creature, but those big

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Speaker 1: bat swarms would happen around the fall in the Northeast

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Speaker 1: in America. Uh, and it's pretty. It's kind of like

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Speaker 1: flocks of birds where it's sort of it's all inspiring

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Speaker 1: to see that many bats all flying together. Yeah. I

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Speaker 1: saw that for the first time like two years ago.

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Speaker 1: Oh yeah, in person. Yeah, because we don't really have

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Speaker 1: big I mean, maybe we do have them in Los Angeles,

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Speaker 1: but not as much of the big flocks of them.

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Speaker 1: I wonder if there's there's gotta be bats in Griffith

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Speaker 1: Park there yeah, um, and in the Sequoias yeah. But

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Speaker 1: just in a big national park I saw like a

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Speaker 1: billion bats. I thought it was park were you on? Um?

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Speaker 1: It was a place called building way up in northern California,

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Speaker 1: a friend's wedding. But I was like, oh, look at

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Speaker 1: that big flock of birds. Ain't no bird and they

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Speaker 1: lived under a bridge, it seemed like, which would Yeah,

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Speaker 1: that makes sense, makes sense, and that way you can

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Speaker 1: hunt sacks and fish if you're a fish bat um,

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Speaker 1: And that kind of leads into I asked listeners on

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Speaker 1: Twitter for their questions about bats, and this is actually

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Speaker 1: question I also have wondered about, and Kevin asks he

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Speaker 1: says it's a dumb question, but Kevin, it's not. This

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Speaker 1: is a question I also had before researching this, which

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Speaker 1: is why do they sleep upside down? I assume because

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Speaker 1: cave floors are gross, but that's got to be wrong.

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Speaker 1: I mean, first of all, cave floors under bats are

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Speaker 1: kind of too, because they're full of guano, full of guano,

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Speaker 1: and in fact, like sometimes if a baby bat falls

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Speaker 1: down uh into the guano, like and they can't get up,

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Speaker 1: it's they're going to get eaten by insects, which is

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Speaker 1: awful um, but that's not actually why they sleep upside down.

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Speaker 1: So most bats actually, unlike birds, they can't take off

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Speaker 1: from the ground because they birds can build up a

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Speaker 1: momentum with their little legs. Bats their wings are tissue

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Speaker 1: that uh connects from their hind legs to their fore legs,

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Speaker 1: and so that prevents a lot of locomotion. So hanging

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Speaker 1: upside down allows them to be in a ready position

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Speaker 1: for taking off. By falling and opening their wings, they

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Speaker 1: achieve the velocity they need to start flights, so they're

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Speaker 1: just basically ready to go. Cameron from Twitter asks when

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Speaker 1: they're on the ground, they crawl on their belly and

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Speaker 1: use their little hands on the end of their wings.

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Speaker 1: So how do they take off and start flying? Do

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Speaker 1: they stand on their little legs? I feel like they

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Speaker 1: would just keep smacking the ground with their wings and

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Speaker 1: not have any room. So this is a really good question.

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Speaker 1: And it's true that bats don't normally take off from

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Speaker 1: the ground, but there are a few species that can.

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Speaker 1: And it's really funny. So bats who have been known

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Speaker 1: to take off from the ground evolved the ability to

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Speaker 1: kind of scrabble on the ground like the New Zealand

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Speaker 1: short tailed bats who walks on the ground in search

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Speaker 1: of bugs. Uh, and vampire bats who sneak up on

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Speaker 1: hosts by crawling on the ground. And they also need

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Speaker 1: to like if a host kind of tries to get

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Speaker 1: away from it, they need to be able to kind

422
00:24:33,400 --> 00:24:36,800
Speaker 1: of like scary off, I know. And they really look

423
00:24:36,920 --> 00:24:38,960
Speaker 1: very awkward. It looks like a little they do look

424
00:24:39,000 --> 00:24:41,760
Speaker 1: like vampires because it looks like a little cape right exactly.

425
00:24:41,800 --> 00:24:44,480
Speaker 1: Looks like they keep getting tangled in their capes like

426
00:24:44,840 --> 00:24:50,160
Speaker 1: ed no mode no capes. Um. So Brown University conducted

427
00:24:50,200 --> 00:24:53,239
Speaker 1: a study in which they put bats on treadmills just

428
00:24:53,359 --> 00:24:58,119
Speaker 1: to be mean, I guess, just to make fun of them. Um. Predictably,

429
00:24:58,200 --> 00:25:01,879
Speaker 1: most bats don't do so well. Uh. New Zealand bats

430
00:25:01,920 --> 00:25:05,720
Speaker 1: can comfortably walk, and vampire bats, actually, they found will

431
00:25:05,840 --> 00:25:09,600
Speaker 1: run on their arms. So there's a really interesting video.

432
00:25:09,680 --> 00:25:11,840
Speaker 1: Let me show you and I'll post this video in

433
00:25:11,880 --> 00:25:15,560
Speaker 1: the show notes. But here's a vampire bat running. Oh

434
00:25:15,600 --> 00:25:18,600
Speaker 1: my god's so cool. So I'm just responding to everything

435
00:25:18,640 --> 00:25:23,000
Speaker 1: with it is cool and you can see like it's

436
00:25:23,080 --> 00:25:25,320
Speaker 1: front legs are really bearing most of the brunt of

437
00:25:25,320 --> 00:25:28,760
Speaker 1: the motion. They kind of look like something from Boston Dynamics,

438
00:25:28,800 --> 00:25:32,359
Speaker 1: you know, like how those those interesting robots have, like

439
00:25:32,720 --> 00:25:36,520
Speaker 1: are able to walk really interestingly. Um, I wonder if

440
00:25:36,520 --> 00:25:39,000
Speaker 1: they're going to build like a bat bot. That would

441
00:25:39,040 --> 00:25:41,919
Speaker 1: be cool. I would I would finally support the robot

442
00:25:42,000 --> 00:25:45,639
Speaker 1: uprising if they built a batbot. Speaking of kind of

443
00:25:45,720 --> 00:25:50,480
Speaker 1: interesting bats who have developed a kind of different way

444
00:25:50,520 --> 00:25:54,920
Speaker 1: of locomotion. So Madagascar sucker footed bats look like they

445
00:25:54,920 --> 00:25:57,200
Speaker 1: have a little section cups on their wrists and ankles.

446
00:25:57,200 --> 00:26:00,680
Speaker 1: So here's a picture of them. Oh, doesn't he look

447
00:26:00,800 --> 00:26:03,200
Speaker 1: He looks like is he on a leaf? Yeah, he's

448
00:26:03,200 --> 00:26:07,120
Speaker 1: on a leaf. So they look like they would be

449
00:26:07,200 --> 00:26:10,400
Speaker 1: section cups, but they actually don't use section um. They

450
00:26:10,480 --> 00:26:13,639
Speaker 1: use wet adhesion. So they secrete bodily fluids at the

451
00:26:13,680 --> 00:26:17,320
Speaker 1: paths which stick to the smooth surface of the leaves

452
00:26:17,960 --> 00:26:21,840
Speaker 1: um And so by using these like Spider Man powers

453
00:26:21,880 --> 00:26:24,720
Speaker 1: to stick to leaves, they can avoid being eaten by

454
00:26:24,800 --> 00:26:28,200
Speaker 1: parasites because the parasites can't walk on the leaves as well,

455
00:26:28,200 --> 00:26:31,280
Speaker 1: because they'll just fall off. So it's like if Batman

456
00:26:31,320 --> 00:26:34,120
Speaker 1: and Spiderman had a baby. I'm pretty sure if seemed

457
00:26:34,119 --> 00:26:39,200
Speaker 1: tumbler out of that. Um. So now to the big

458
00:26:39,280 --> 00:26:42,840
Speaker 1: question of the day is do bats carry rabies? So

459
00:26:42,960 --> 00:26:46,160
Speaker 1: Nicole from Twitter asks, I grew up hearing bats had

460
00:26:46,200 --> 00:26:48,600
Speaker 1: a higher chance of carrying rabies, but no one ever

461
00:26:48,640 --> 00:26:51,359
Speaker 1: explained why. So I'd like to know if that's true,

462
00:26:51,400 --> 00:26:54,200
Speaker 1: and if so, why it's a problem for them. So

463
00:26:54,520 --> 00:26:57,400
Speaker 1: that's do carry rabies. That's true, it's not a complete

464
00:26:57,400 --> 00:27:01,560
Speaker 1: myth um, but the threat of rabies from bats is

465
00:27:01,640 --> 00:27:08,000
Speaker 1: kind of overblown. So obviously disclaimer here, if you think

466
00:27:08,000 --> 00:27:10,199
Speaker 1: you've gotten bitten by a bat, you should go to

467
00:27:10,240 --> 00:27:13,639
Speaker 1: a doctor because it's better safe than sorry. Rabies don't

468
00:27:13,920 --> 00:27:19,360
Speaker 1: have uh, don't say it's okay they told us on Creatures.

469
00:27:19,720 --> 00:27:22,119
Speaker 1: Don't write that in your last will and testament. Be like,

470
00:27:22,200 --> 00:27:24,960
Speaker 1: I think I'll be fine because Katie Golden on Creature

471
00:27:25,000 --> 00:27:29,680
Speaker 1: feature said I would be. Um. No, So rabies can

472
00:27:29,840 --> 00:27:33,520
Speaker 1: be treated with a vaccine before you show symptoms, but

473
00:27:33,600 --> 00:27:38,160
Speaker 1: once she starts showing symptoms, it's almost always fatal. Um

474
00:27:38,200 --> 00:27:40,520
Speaker 1: basically too late. So you're I mean, this is a

475
00:27:40,560 --> 00:27:43,640
Speaker 1: general rule if you're ever bitten by a wild animal,

476
00:27:44,200 --> 00:27:48,360
Speaker 1: especially about especially raccoon, especially an unknown dog, it's always

477
00:27:48,359 --> 00:27:50,000
Speaker 1: a safer about to go to the doctor and get

478
00:27:50,000 --> 00:27:53,680
Speaker 1: it checked out because raby shots aren't fun, but they work.

479
00:27:54,040 --> 00:27:56,840
Speaker 1: And never pick up a bat you see on the ground,

480
00:27:56,880 --> 00:28:00,280
Speaker 1: just don't. I mean it's first of all, because bats

481
00:28:00,280 --> 00:28:02,359
Speaker 1: who are on the ground and aren't afraid of you

482
00:28:02,520 --> 00:28:04,880
Speaker 1: and we'll let you pick them up is actually more

483
00:28:04,960 --> 00:28:09,080
Speaker 1: likely to be sick um, and you shouldn't handle them anyways.

484
00:28:09,119 --> 00:28:11,879
Speaker 1: They don't want it. They don't want you to. You

485
00:28:11,960 --> 00:28:13,439
Speaker 1: might want to give it a big old hug, but

486
00:28:13,520 --> 00:28:17,920
Speaker 1: it doesn't want it, respect it's personal space. Um. So,

487
00:28:17,960 --> 00:28:21,280
Speaker 1: according to the c d C, most bats don't have rabies.

488
00:28:21,280 --> 00:28:23,600
Speaker 1: So this idea that all bats you encounter are just

489
00:28:23,680 --> 00:28:27,760
Speaker 1: infested with rabies is not true. Even of bats who

490
00:28:27,760 --> 00:28:31,320
Speaker 1: were suspected of having rabies who seemed sick or weak

491
00:28:31,440 --> 00:28:35,040
Speaker 1: or were easily captured when they tested them, only six

492
00:28:35,160 --> 00:28:38,840
Speaker 1: percent of those tested positive. So a very small number

493
00:28:38,960 --> 00:28:42,960
Speaker 1: of bats end up having rabies. Um. Typically, like I

494
00:28:43,000 --> 00:28:47,560
Speaker 1: mentioned before, bouts who have rabies grow very sick quickly,

495
00:28:47,640 --> 00:28:50,840
Speaker 1: and we'll start to have abnormal behaviors like crawling around

496
00:28:50,960 --> 00:28:55,200
Speaker 1: your humans, crawling around on your lawn, uh, not trying

497
00:28:55,240 --> 00:28:58,360
Speaker 1: to escape when you approach them. So certainly never like

498
00:28:58,480 --> 00:29:01,360
Speaker 1: if a bat seems whacked out of its mind, like

499
00:29:01,800 --> 00:29:04,480
Speaker 1: probably not drunk, Well it could be, I suppose, but

500
00:29:05,000 --> 00:29:06,360
Speaker 1: you don't want to handle it, you don't want to

501
00:29:06,360 --> 00:29:09,920
Speaker 1: pick it up. Um. The reason that bats get such

502
00:29:09,960 --> 00:29:13,200
Speaker 1: a bad reputation for rabies is that they're the main

503
00:29:13,320 --> 00:29:17,480
Speaker 1: culprits of the very very few rabies cases that happen

504
00:29:17,560 --> 00:29:20,600
Speaker 1: in the US every year. So there's really only like

505
00:29:20,640 --> 00:29:23,600
Speaker 1: a handful of rabies cases. We've done a pretty good

506
00:29:23,680 --> 00:29:26,680
Speaker 1: job of basically wiping rabies out in in the US.

507
00:29:27,280 --> 00:29:31,960
Speaker 1: Um there's like one to three cases reported annually. UM.

508
00:29:32,520 --> 00:29:36,080
Speaker 1: And but of these bats are often the culprit. And

509
00:29:36,320 --> 00:29:39,840
Speaker 1: it's not that bats are more likely to it's not

510
00:29:39,920 --> 00:29:42,920
Speaker 1: that there's something about bats that make them more rabid

511
00:29:43,000 --> 00:29:45,360
Speaker 1: or more likely to get rabies. It's that we've been

512
00:29:45,640 --> 00:29:48,240
Speaker 1: treating the problem in dogs, which used to be the

513
00:29:48,280 --> 00:29:52,680
Speaker 1: main carrier of rabies. So dogs, since they get rabies shot,

514
00:29:52,880 --> 00:29:57,040
Speaker 1: are no longer the main vector. And raccoons we've actually

515
00:29:57,640 --> 00:29:59,920
Speaker 1: done a lot of pest control with raccoons that have

516
00:30:00,040 --> 00:30:02,800
Speaker 1: also reduced the threat of rabies from them. And it's

517
00:30:02,840 --> 00:30:05,760
Speaker 1: also a lot easier to notice, like if you're bitten

518
00:30:05,760 --> 00:30:08,720
Speaker 1: by a raccoon, you're gonna know it, whereas when you're

519
00:30:08,760 --> 00:30:11,040
Speaker 1: bitten by a tiny bat, like you might not notice

520
00:30:11,080 --> 00:30:15,520
Speaker 1: it as much. Um only bite and self defense. You. Well,

521
00:30:15,960 --> 00:30:20,320
Speaker 1: if it's the vampire bat, I feel like, yeah, so

522
00:30:20,360 --> 00:30:24,000
Speaker 1: if if a bat is scared, most bats aren't just

523
00:30:24,000 --> 00:30:26,959
Speaker 1: gonna go up to you and bite you, even vampire bats,

524
00:30:27,000 --> 00:30:30,800
Speaker 1: except for the hairy legged vampire bat and even that one.

525
00:30:31,480 --> 00:30:35,520
Speaker 1: Um but uh yeah, most bats aren't looking to bite you.

526
00:30:36,200 --> 00:30:39,600
Speaker 1: Rabies does kind of affect the brain in a weird way,

527
00:30:39,640 --> 00:30:43,520
Speaker 1: and it can make animals more aggressive and more defensive. Um.

528
00:30:43,640 --> 00:30:46,080
Speaker 1: But certainly if you like squeeze a bat, or you

529
00:30:46,160 --> 00:30:48,120
Speaker 1: hold a bat in your hand, you know it's going

530
00:30:48,160 --> 00:30:50,880
Speaker 1: to get scared and it might BITEE squeeze a bat,

531
00:30:51,160 --> 00:30:55,320
Speaker 1: don't It is attempting Because they look like a pet bat.

532
00:30:57,200 --> 00:30:59,360
Speaker 1: I wouldn't recommend them as pets, but I'm sure some

533
00:30:59,400 --> 00:31:06,280
Speaker 1: people have m somebody, um, bats surpassed raccoons as carriers

534
00:31:06,320 --> 00:31:09,000
Speaker 1: just because we haven't really been you know, with raccoons,

535
00:31:09,040 --> 00:31:12,160
Speaker 1: there's been more of a concerted effort of animal control

536
00:31:12,760 --> 00:31:17,960
Speaker 1: um and kind of trying to approach the rabies problem. Um.

537
00:31:18,000 --> 00:31:20,720
Speaker 1: But in the US, you really don't need to fear

538
00:31:20,760 --> 00:31:26,920
Speaker 1: bats and rabies, like just if you're normal everyday life, like, uh,

539
00:31:27,120 --> 00:31:29,320
Speaker 1: they're not gonna they're not gonna try to bite you.

540
00:31:29,440 --> 00:31:31,400
Speaker 1: Most bats aren't going to try to approach you at all.

541
00:31:31,720 --> 00:31:34,160
Speaker 1: If they swoop at you, usually that's they're just looking

542
00:31:34,240 --> 00:31:39,160
Speaker 1: for mosquitoes that are hovering around you. Um, so bats

543
00:31:39,160 --> 00:31:43,680
Speaker 1: aren't really they're really not that scary. In fact, in

544
00:31:43,680 --> 00:31:46,920
Speaker 1: India and Asia, where rabies is far more prevalent and

545
00:31:47,040 --> 00:31:50,120
Speaker 1: kills many more people a year, it's stray dogs who

546
00:31:50,120 --> 00:31:53,280
Speaker 1: are the main culprits because most rays don't have the

547
00:31:53,480 --> 00:31:57,800
Speaker 1: rabies vaccine um. And you know, we don't fear dogs.

548
00:31:58,800 --> 00:32:02,640
Speaker 1: Another misconception about bats is that they're like flying vermin,

549
00:32:02,720 --> 00:32:05,400
Speaker 1: like they're flying mice and rats, some kind of rodent.

550
00:32:05,760 --> 00:32:09,479
Speaker 1: They're not rodents at all. Their chiroptera, which is uh,

551
00:32:09,520 --> 00:32:13,800
Speaker 1: there they have their own group of of species because

552
00:32:13,800 --> 00:32:17,200
Speaker 1: they're there are tons of species of bats. Um. They

553
00:32:17,240 --> 00:32:21,120
Speaker 1: didn't evolve from rodents. Um. They share a common ancestor

554
00:32:21,320 --> 00:32:24,840
Speaker 1: with all placental mammals. UM some kind of like weird

555
00:32:24,960 --> 00:32:31,280
Speaker 1: true like animal that basically humans, whales, everything came from um.

556
00:32:31,360 --> 00:32:35,680
Speaker 1: Their evolutionary history is a little bit of a mystery history.

557
00:32:35,720 --> 00:32:39,440
Speaker 1: Mystery um. Some biologists think they may be related to

558
00:32:39,480 --> 00:32:43,400
Speaker 1: the colugo, which are also known as flying lemurs. They

559
00:32:43,440 --> 00:32:46,400
Speaker 1: aren't lemurs, they're just called that because you know, we

560
00:32:46,480 --> 00:32:51,160
Speaker 1: don't know the difference. Colugos have these like skin flaps

561
00:32:51,440 --> 00:32:56,040
Speaker 1: and they glide around and their insectivorous and their nocturnal.

562
00:32:56,360 --> 00:32:58,640
Speaker 1: So the idea is like, even if they didn't necessarily

563
00:32:58,720 --> 00:33:02,120
Speaker 1: evolve from colugos, they may have evolved from some kind

564
00:33:02,160 --> 00:33:06,800
Speaker 1: of gliding um mammal that eats insects and is nocturnal.

565
00:33:06,920 --> 00:33:09,880
Speaker 1: And then those those those skin flaps just kind of

566
00:33:09,920 --> 00:33:12,560
Speaker 1: developed more and more into wings because that gave them

567
00:33:12,840 --> 00:33:18,400
Speaker 1: greater access to insects and wider distribution of food. Um.

568
00:33:19,400 --> 00:33:23,920
Speaker 1: So this leads into the question whire abouts nocturnal? Uh?

569
00:33:23,920 --> 00:33:27,160
Speaker 1: And why did they evolve flights? So one of the

570
00:33:27,160 --> 00:33:31,920
Speaker 1: theories about bats being nocturnal is that they helped them

571
00:33:31,920 --> 00:33:36,360
Speaker 1: not compete with birds as much. Uh So, Yet again

572
00:33:36,400 --> 00:33:39,800
Speaker 1: those uh the mythology about bats and birds competing like

573
00:33:40,200 --> 00:33:46,240
Speaker 1: is just totally true, like a rom com their their rivals.

574
00:33:46,280 --> 00:33:48,880
Speaker 1: But then they fall yeah, exactly, except for without the

575
00:33:48,920 --> 00:33:52,720
Speaker 1: falling in love, it's right, or maybe I guess like

576
00:33:52,720 --> 00:33:55,960
Speaker 1: a bat version of Twilight where the chicken is what's

577
00:33:55,960 --> 00:34:00,000
Speaker 1: their name and then the bat is Edward, they fall

578
00:34:00,000 --> 00:34:02,920
Speaker 1: in love with the ones they feed on. I guess so, well,

579
00:34:03,040 --> 00:34:05,600
Speaker 1: isn't that the whole thing with Twilight? Like he eats

580
00:34:05,640 --> 00:34:08,000
Speaker 1: the whole thing with vampires in general? Right, they eat

581
00:34:08,040 --> 00:34:10,320
Speaker 1: a lady, but then they look it's a little sexy

582
00:34:10,360 --> 00:34:14,120
Speaker 1: and romantic, right, It's it's like it's like, huh, you

583
00:34:14,239 --> 00:34:17,120
Speaker 1: look so delicious. I'm gonna make an incision on your

584
00:34:17,160 --> 00:34:20,680
Speaker 1: ankle and lap up your blood. It's very intimate, very intimate.

585
00:34:20,840 --> 00:34:23,120
Speaker 1: I wouldn't let just anyone do that. No, I know,

586
00:34:23,480 --> 00:34:27,359
Speaker 1: it's especially with the ankles. My goodness. Back when these

587
00:34:27,640 --> 00:34:35,359
Speaker 1: when these vampire stories were written, basically, yeah, researchers wanted

588
00:34:35,400 --> 00:34:38,800
Speaker 1: to examine this idea that they're nocturnal to avoid predation

589
00:34:38,800 --> 00:34:41,919
Speaker 1: and to avoid competing with birds, and they found that

590
00:34:42,080 --> 00:34:46,000
Speaker 1: the a bat who lives on sal Miguel Island um

591
00:34:46,120 --> 00:34:50,600
Speaker 1: the Azorus noctual, actually does do more hunting during the day,

592
00:34:51,000 --> 00:34:54,759
Speaker 1: and that island has very few insectivorous birds and very

593
00:34:54,800 --> 00:34:58,080
Speaker 1: few predators, so that seems to be some evidence that

594
00:34:58,400 --> 00:35:02,520
Speaker 1: would confirm that idea, um, which I think is it's like,

595
00:35:03,239 --> 00:35:06,800
Speaker 1: it's kind of interesting that really, because there are a

596
00:35:06,840 --> 00:35:09,239
Speaker 1: lot of insects during the day, there's not necessarily an

597
00:35:09,280 --> 00:35:13,879
Speaker 1: intrinsic advantage to hunting insects at night, except that you're

598
00:35:14,200 --> 00:35:18,120
Speaker 1: you're carving your own little ecological niche where you're just like,

599
00:35:18,160 --> 00:35:20,319
Speaker 1: this is my time to hunt. Is that where the

600
00:35:20,360 --> 00:35:24,200
Speaker 1: echolocation comes in. Yeah, I would guess that as they

601
00:35:24,239 --> 00:35:28,480
Speaker 1: developed flight more echolocation probably became more important because if

602
00:35:28,480 --> 00:35:31,799
Speaker 1: you're flying around, you're gonna gain velocity and slam into

603
00:35:31,880 --> 00:35:36,600
Speaker 1: things if you can't see in the dark. Essentially, uh so, um,

604
00:35:36,640 --> 00:35:39,480
Speaker 1: but yeah, it's it's interesting how it's it's actually kind

605
00:35:39,480 --> 00:35:43,040
Speaker 1: of difficult to check on their evolutionary history because of

606
00:35:43,040 --> 00:35:45,560
Speaker 1: how tiny and delicate their bones are, so it's hard

607
00:35:45,600 --> 00:35:49,400
Speaker 1: to get fossil records. How do you get inside a

608
00:35:49,440 --> 00:35:55,239
Speaker 1: bat ear? How do you get smalllest place? Bats are

609
00:35:55,280 --> 00:35:57,799
Speaker 1: one of the most diverse groups of mammals, with a

610
00:35:57,880 --> 00:36:01,719
Speaker 1: huge variety of species. In fact, it's estimated that one

611
00:36:01,800 --> 00:36:05,640
Speaker 1: fifth of all mammals or bats. Fortunately, bats are well

612
00:36:05,719 --> 00:36:09,200
Speaker 1: pretty chill little dudes, far from being the solitary and

613
00:36:09,239 --> 00:36:12,360
Speaker 1: brooding type like batman, they're more like the Brady Bunch.

614
00:36:12,680 --> 00:36:16,000
Speaker 1: They're often highly social and friendly with one another, even

615
00:36:16,080 --> 00:36:19,440
Speaker 1: roosting with other species with little conflict. They live in

616
00:36:19,520 --> 00:36:23,680
Speaker 1: colonies ranging from a handful of individuals to millions. We

617
00:36:23,920 --> 00:36:27,279
Speaker 1: barely have a grasp on the enormity of these bat societies,

618
00:36:27,520 --> 00:36:29,919
Speaker 1: as there are so many species of bats and such

619
00:36:29,960 --> 00:36:33,279
Speaker 1: a diversity of group behavior, but here are some examples.

620
00:36:33,719 --> 00:36:36,640
Speaker 1: Certain species will groom each other, feed each other, even

621
00:36:36,680 --> 00:36:40,880
Speaker 1: build shelters together, as will soon discuss. In some species,

622
00:36:40,920 --> 00:36:44,280
Speaker 1: colony members will share information about where to find food.

623
00:36:44,719 --> 00:36:49,760
Speaker 1: Some species babysit each other's baby bats called pups baby bats.

624
00:36:50,320 --> 00:36:53,759
Speaker 1: Some bats will even communally nurse pups, sharing the role

625
00:36:53,800 --> 00:36:56,759
Speaker 1: of wet nurse to help other mothers. Though there are

626
00:36:56,840 --> 00:37:00,880
Speaker 1: some minor squabbles among bats, they're surprisingly easy going with

627
00:37:00,920 --> 00:37:03,319
Speaker 1: a few conflicts, and generally they don't appear to have

628
00:37:03,480 --> 00:37:07,160
Speaker 1: hierarchies or dominant structures. So maybe we could learn a

629
00:37:07,200 --> 00:37:10,080
Speaker 1: thing or two about bats and start regurgitating food into

630
00:37:10,120 --> 00:37:13,360
Speaker 1: each other's mouths like a bunch of hippies. When we return,

631
00:37:13,440 --> 00:37:16,040
Speaker 1: I'm going to answer more questions about bats and take

632
00:37:16,120 --> 00:37:17,839
Speaker 1: you on a journey to visit some of the most

633
00:37:17,920 --> 00:37:23,520
Speaker 1: incredible species of bats in the world. Let's go on

634
00:37:23,560 --> 00:37:27,680
Speaker 1: a trip to imagination station. Close your eyes now, think

635
00:37:27,719 --> 00:37:29,759
Speaker 1: of a bat. Don't think too hard, just let the

636
00:37:29,800 --> 00:37:32,399
Speaker 1: first thing pop into your mind. You got it. When

637
00:37:32,440 --> 00:37:34,880
Speaker 1: you think of a bat, what comes to mind? Is

638
00:37:34,920 --> 00:37:37,560
Speaker 1: it a vampire bat, a fruit bat, a tiny bat,

639
00:37:37,560 --> 00:37:39,960
Speaker 1: a big bat. Well, it's going to depend on what

640
00:37:40,120 --> 00:37:43,040
Speaker 1: images of bats you've been exposed to over your life.

641
00:37:43,480 --> 00:37:45,960
Speaker 1: What you're looking at in your brain space is called

642
00:37:46,000 --> 00:37:50,080
Speaker 1: a prototype In cognitive science, this means the image that

643
00:37:50,120 --> 00:37:53,399
Speaker 1: your brain uses to match new visual information to your

644
00:37:53,480 --> 00:37:57,239
Speaker 1: library of concepts. One of the theories is that prototypes

645
00:37:57,280 --> 00:38:00,439
Speaker 1: are a sort of average over the experiences you've had

646
00:38:00,440 --> 00:38:03,959
Speaker 1: with that particular thing. You have a prototype of cat

647
00:38:04,080 --> 00:38:07,040
Speaker 1: made up of an average of cats who've encountered. There

648
00:38:07,080 --> 00:38:10,120
Speaker 1: are some studies that suggest this maybe the correct theory.

649
00:38:10,560 --> 00:38:15,000
Speaker 1: Participants in one study were given a series of composite

650
00:38:15,000 --> 00:38:18,200
Speaker 1: faces which were based on a prototype face, and which

651
00:38:18,239 --> 00:38:22,520
Speaker 1: were designed to, on average, resemble that prototype face. The

652
00:38:22,600 --> 00:38:25,920
Speaker 1: participants were then shown the prototype face and were asked

653
00:38:25,960 --> 00:38:29,480
Speaker 1: if they'd seen that face before and they strongly believed

654
00:38:29,520 --> 00:38:32,640
Speaker 1: they had. So why am I talking about prototype theory

655
00:38:32,640 --> 00:38:35,359
Speaker 1: and bats? Well, I want to shake up your prototype

656
00:38:35,360 --> 00:38:38,279
Speaker 1: of what your brain assumes bats look like. Bats are

657
00:38:38,320 --> 00:38:41,440
Speaker 1: one of the most diverse groups of mammals, with incredible

658
00:38:41,520 --> 00:38:45,480
Speaker 1: physical variety, from tiny bats to huge bats, bats with

659
00:38:45,560 --> 00:38:48,520
Speaker 1: faces that look like trumpets, to bats with faces that

660
00:38:48,560 --> 00:38:55,640
Speaker 1: look like well, kind of testicles. Here's some really crazy bats. Like.

661
00:38:55,760 --> 00:38:58,200
Speaker 1: Even when I was researching this, I didn't I knew

662
00:38:58,280 --> 00:39:02,440
Speaker 1: that there was a huge variety of weird, weird looking bats.

663
00:39:02,640 --> 00:39:05,799
Speaker 1: I didn't understand there I was. There's so many. I

664
00:39:05,880 --> 00:39:08,960
Speaker 1: was not prepared. But a book at Skylight Books that

665
00:39:09,080 --> 00:39:11,840
Speaker 1: was just like a coffee table book of photographs of bats.

666
00:39:11,880 --> 00:39:14,200
Speaker 1: Oh my god, it's just like every species of bat.

667
00:39:14,280 --> 00:39:16,439
Speaker 1: Oh my god. I look at it all the time.

668
00:39:16,640 --> 00:39:18,640
Speaker 1: Next time you're in, can you show Yeah, I'll bring

669
00:39:18,680 --> 00:39:21,960
Speaker 1: it in. That's how this came about me because I

670
00:39:22,000 --> 00:39:24,600
Speaker 1: was like, I shouldn't buy a book. It was like

671
00:39:24,680 --> 00:39:28,000
Speaker 1: I have to own Oh my god, that isn't I'm

672
00:39:28,000 --> 00:39:29,799
Speaker 1: going to steal that book. Oh you should go get it.

673
00:39:29,880 --> 00:39:32,120
Speaker 1: It's so good. What's it called. It's just called like

674
00:39:32,239 --> 00:39:37,160
Speaker 1: bats bats? You want a bat's book? Uh? So Christian

675
00:39:37,239 --> 00:39:40,640
Speaker 1: with no h asks on Twitter. What are the largest

676
00:39:40,680 --> 00:39:45,919
Speaker 1: and smallest species? So, the largest bats are the flying foxes. Uh.

677
00:39:45,960 --> 00:39:49,319
Speaker 1: These are mega bats. Uh. There's mega bats, which are

678
00:39:49,320 --> 00:39:51,680
Speaker 1: the big bats, and the microbats, which are in little bats.

679
00:39:52,239 --> 00:39:55,279
Speaker 1: So these are mega bats found in Southeast Asia. It's

680
00:39:55,280 --> 00:39:58,200
Speaker 1: a fruit bat that eats fruit, nectar and flowers. U.

681
00:39:58,400 --> 00:40:01,239
Speaker 1: It can't actually echolo hape, but it has very well

682
00:40:01,320 --> 00:40:04,719
Speaker 1: developed eyesight. Um. They weigh up to three and a

683
00:40:04,760 --> 00:40:07,720
Speaker 1: half pounds with a wingspan of up to five ft

684
00:40:08,239 --> 00:40:11,680
Speaker 1: uh and from head to butt it's about a foot long. UM.

685
00:40:11,760 --> 00:40:14,280
Speaker 1: So to give you a sense of what this looks like, Molly,

686
00:40:14,719 --> 00:40:18,960
Speaker 1: here's someone holding one of these guys. Uh. It is

687
00:40:19,000 --> 00:40:21,880
Speaker 1: a big boy. It's a big boy, even though it

688
00:40:21,880 --> 00:40:25,239
Speaker 1: doesn't really weigh that much. Just the wingspan. Uh. It's

689
00:40:25,280 --> 00:40:28,680
Speaker 1: like the size of a kite essentially. Um. And they're

690
00:40:28,680 --> 00:40:32,920
Speaker 1: called flying foxes because they have cute little fox like faces. Uh.

691
00:40:32,960 --> 00:40:34,840
Speaker 1: If they're not related to the fox and then not

692
00:40:34,960 --> 00:40:37,799
Speaker 1: at all. No, not related to foxes, not related to

693
00:40:37,960 --> 00:40:42,719
Speaker 1: rodents their character. The smallest bat in the world is

694
00:40:42,800 --> 00:40:46,440
Speaker 1: the bumblebee bat or also known as kitties hog nos bat,

695
00:40:46,680 --> 00:40:50,680
Speaker 1: and they're really cute. Also, they're one of the world's

696
00:40:50,760 --> 00:40:54,959
Speaker 1: smallest mammals. Now, it's hard to say if they're objectively

697
00:40:55,080 --> 00:40:59,640
Speaker 1: speaking the smallest mammal because like their wingspan is longer

698
00:40:59,680 --> 00:41:04,600
Speaker 1: than some animals. Uh, and they it's it just depends

699
00:41:04,600 --> 00:41:08,080
Speaker 1: on how you define smallest. It's about an inch long

700
00:41:08,200 --> 00:41:11,640
Speaker 1: and ways two grams. Um, that's not even enough. We

701
00:41:11,640 --> 00:41:16,000
Speaker 1: need to get you high. The bumble bees worth they

702
00:41:16,040 --> 00:41:20,120
Speaker 1: have about a six inch wingspan. Uh. They're about the

703
00:41:20,160 --> 00:41:23,840
Speaker 1: size of a human thumb. They live in western Thailand

704
00:41:23,920 --> 00:41:28,879
Speaker 1: and southeast Myan mar Uh. They're vulnerable to being endangered,

705
00:41:28,960 --> 00:41:32,720
Speaker 1: as are actually a lot of these species abouts. Uh.

706
00:41:32,760 --> 00:41:36,040
Speaker 1: They eat spiders and flies, and they have a little

707
00:41:36,080 --> 00:41:39,279
Speaker 1: pig like noses. And here's a picture of one of

708
00:41:39,320 --> 00:41:43,480
Speaker 1: them on a human hand. It's perfect. It's the perfect animal.

709
00:41:43,680 --> 00:41:46,960
Speaker 1: It's so small and tiny. Don't hold at but if

710
00:41:46,960 --> 00:41:49,440
Speaker 1: you had to hold about you want to hold that.

711
00:41:50,160 --> 00:41:52,520
Speaker 1: If you're a scientist, you can you get to hold this.

712
00:41:53,800 --> 00:41:58,880
Speaker 1: Some lucky people are so tiny and small with one finger.

713
00:41:59,120 --> 00:42:02,040
Speaker 1: I know, but you got to be very gentle. Don't write,

714
00:42:02,360 --> 00:42:06,560
Speaker 1: but don't but don't um. So gray long eared bats

715
00:42:06,560 --> 00:42:10,520
Speaker 1: and big eared bats have giant rabbit like ears that

716
00:42:10,560 --> 00:42:13,160
Speaker 1: they kind of look like because they have these little veins.

717
00:42:13,160 --> 00:42:15,160
Speaker 1: They kind of look like you just stuck two big

718
00:42:15,239 --> 00:42:19,840
Speaker 1: leaves on a on a little creature. Um. And then uh,

719
00:42:19,880 --> 00:42:23,160
Speaker 1: there's a boat that has tiny ears but a huge face.

720
00:42:23,320 --> 00:42:26,759
Speaker 1: So the hammer headed bat is found in Africa in

721
00:42:26,880 --> 00:42:31,320
Speaker 1: swamps and forests. Their fruit bats and they're the males

722
00:42:31,440 --> 00:42:34,880
Speaker 1: have huge heads shaped like a hammer. So here's one

723
00:42:34,920 --> 00:42:39,800
Speaker 1: of these guys. So cool. Looks like a raw wilder. Yeah,

724
00:42:39,920 --> 00:42:42,040
Speaker 1: like one of those what are those called? Um, the

725
00:42:43,120 --> 00:42:46,160
Speaker 1: dogs that have the snouts flat face. It looks like

726
00:42:46,160 --> 00:42:50,760
Speaker 1: spuds mackenzie, Buds Mackenzie. That's that's what. That's spuds mackenzie.

727
00:42:50,800 --> 00:42:53,759
Speaker 1: But it's a bat. It's a it's a bull terrier, right,

728
00:42:54,480 --> 00:42:57,400
Speaker 1: is that what Spuds Mackenzie has? I think so that

729
00:42:57,440 --> 00:43:00,760
Speaker 1: sounds right for a flatty face. Yeah, it's a bull terrier.

730
00:43:01,200 --> 00:43:05,600
Speaker 1: It looks like a bull terrier and a bat. Yeah. Um.

731
00:43:05,640 --> 00:43:10,359
Speaker 1: And actually, so females don't have that big big snaws. Um,

732
00:43:10,440 --> 00:43:13,640
Speaker 1: males use their huge heads to make loud honks to

733
00:43:13,800 --> 00:43:17,240
Speaker 1: attract females. Oh yeah, that's spuds, I'm looking at it,

734
00:43:17,320 --> 00:43:21,360
Speaker 1: Spuds Mackenzie. It spuds the bat. So I'm gonna play

735
00:43:21,680 --> 00:43:29,880
Speaker 1: a clip for you of bat's making the noise. It

736
00:43:29,960 --> 00:43:33,760
Speaker 1: sounds like it sounds like a space battle. It sounds

737
00:43:33,800 --> 00:43:39,399
Speaker 1: so cool. It sounds like it sounds like Star Trek

738
00:43:39,440 --> 00:43:41,400
Speaker 1: space battles. To me, I would like to listen to

739
00:43:41,440 --> 00:43:45,600
Speaker 1: that for just hours. Just bat a smr now onto

740
00:43:45,840 --> 00:43:48,840
Speaker 1: A really cute that. One of my favorite bats is

741
00:43:48,880 --> 00:43:52,520
Speaker 1: the Honduran white bat, which are just a little marshmallows

742
00:43:52,560 --> 00:43:55,799
Speaker 1: with wings. Uh. This is the bat that would if

743
00:43:55,840 --> 00:43:58,400
Speaker 1: you were gonna imagine what an Arctic bat might look like,

744
00:43:58,760 --> 00:44:03,360
Speaker 1: exactly this little dude exactly. So they're little white bats.

745
00:44:03,719 --> 00:44:06,840
Speaker 1: They look like cotton balls. They have yellow ears and

746
00:44:06,880 --> 00:44:11,760
Speaker 1: noses due to carotenoids like what's found in flamingos, carrots,

747
00:44:11,880 --> 00:44:16,640
Speaker 1: leaves and uh oranges. Uh and you and I and

748
00:44:16,680 --> 00:44:19,160
Speaker 1: you and I, yeah, to a certain extent, but we don't. Uh,

749
00:44:19,560 --> 00:44:23,360
Speaker 1: we don't. The density of carotenoids and bats is really interesting.

750
00:44:23,400 --> 00:44:27,680
Speaker 1: And how like densely they like collected around their nose

751
00:44:27,719 --> 00:44:30,200
Speaker 1: and ears, which is usually not seen in mammals. So

752
00:44:30,239 --> 00:44:33,719
Speaker 1: it's really interesting. Um, it's kind of like how so

753
00:44:33,760 --> 00:44:36,759
Speaker 1: like flamingos, they get the carotenoids from their diet and

754
00:44:36,760 --> 00:44:40,759
Speaker 1: they their wings become very pink and colorful and so

755
00:44:41,400 --> 00:44:43,719
Speaker 1: but that kind of thing unless I mean, we can

756
00:44:44,040 --> 00:44:48,280
Speaker 1: turn orange if we eat this insane amounts of carrots um.

757
00:44:48,480 --> 00:44:51,400
Speaker 1: But the bats do it with very little effort. It

758
00:44:51,520 --> 00:44:56,600
Speaker 1: eats fruit, mainly figs, And they make tints out of leaves.

759
00:44:56,640 --> 00:45:00,200
Speaker 1: So they actually build tints by cutting through the eyes

760
00:45:00,239 --> 00:45:03,760
Speaker 1: of the leaf and folding it over like it's so cool.

761
00:45:04,160 --> 00:45:07,160
Speaker 1: And they live in it's a team effort to so

762
00:45:07,360 --> 00:45:11,640
Speaker 1: they each tent contains like from one to about a

763
00:45:11,680 --> 00:45:15,120
Speaker 1: dozen bats, and they'll all work on the tent together. Yeah.

764
00:45:15,120 --> 00:45:18,919
Speaker 1: They're also communal. That's what I love about them. They're friendly. Yeah,

765
00:45:18,960 --> 00:45:22,720
Speaker 1: and they all snuggle for the snuggle warmth. Just imagine

766
00:45:22,719 --> 00:45:26,600
Speaker 1: a bunch of little marshmallows with with yellow ears and

767
00:45:26,680 --> 00:45:30,440
Speaker 1: a nose and wings, just all snuggling together in a leaf.

768
00:45:30,880 --> 00:45:35,800
Speaker 1: It's like something from Miyazaki my neighbor Totoro. Yeah, they're cute,

769
00:45:35,960 --> 00:45:40,680
Speaker 1: they're useful, they help each other. They don't have a hierarchy,

770
00:45:40,840 --> 00:45:43,600
Speaker 1: Like it doesn't get better than that. Yeah, they're really

771
00:45:43,680 --> 00:45:47,320
Speaker 1: like kind of got a utopian society to live in caves.

772
00:45:48,400 --> 00:45:50,200
Speaker 1: I think I just want all these things. I kind

773
00:45:50,200 --> 00:45:54,640
Speaker 1: of want to be a bat. So these tents protect

774
00:45:54,680 --> 00:45:58,319
Speaker 1: them from weather and predators. But imagine you didn't need

775
00:45:58,360 --> 00:46:01,239
Speaker 1: to build a tent it that you could make a

776
00:46:01,280 --> 00:46:05,120
Speaker 1: tint out of your own body. So here's a fun

777
00:46:05,160 --> 00:46:09,320
Speaker 1: imagination station. Imagine you had a sleep mask built into

778
00:46:09,360 --> 00:46:12,279
Speaker 1: your neck flaps, like your neck skin, that you could

779
00:46:12,280 --> 00:46:15,200
Speaker 1: just pull up and sleep on planes. It's kind of

780
00:46:15,239 --> 00:46:19,640
Speaker 1: scary to imagine that, but I'm doing it. Yeah, I

781
00:46:19,640 --> 00:46:21,640
Speaker 1: mean it's kind of like it's what I imagine, like

782
00:46:21,719 --> 00:46:24,360
Speaker 1: Mitch McConnell, does you know, like just kind of turns

783
00:46:24,560 --> 00:46:27,520
Speaker 1: into his neck. Um. Yeah. It would be cool if

784
00:46:27,520 --> 00:46:31,400
Speaker 1: there was more, if we had more extremity and human faces.

785
00:46:31,400 --> 00:46:34,640
Speaker 1: And I'd like more flaps, honestly, like more flaps too,

786
00:46:34,880 --> 00:46:39,040
Speaker 1: because I hate flying on planes and the lights. Someone

787
00:46:39,120 --> 00:46:41,960
Speaker 1: opens the window, which you shouldn't do. I've seen clouds.

788
00:46:42,080 --> 00:46:44,879
Speaker 1: I don't care about clouds. You're to sleep. I'm there

789
00:46:44,920 --> 00:46:48,440
Speaker 1: to sleep. I'm there to to try to force myself

790
00:46:48,480 --> 00:46:51,320
Speaker 1: to sleep and not think about how there are clouds

791
00:46:51,320 --> 00:46:54,120
Speaker 1: all around us and not see the beautiful vistas. That's

792
00:46:54,160 --> 00:46:56,360
Speaker 1: not important to me. But your skin flaps that's what

793
00:46:56,440 --> 00:46:59,360
Speaker 1: my skin flaps for. And it'd be such a strong

794
00:46:59,480 --> 00:47:02,040
Speaker 1: social signal to like someone's talking your ear off and

795
00:47:02,080 --> 00:47:05,000
Speaker 1: you just slowly start to like pull your skin flap

796
00:47:05,120 --> 00:47:10,479
Speaker 1: up up. I also really empathize with um. Well, first,

797
00:47:10,520 --> 00:47:13,160
Speaker 1: let me say that there are there is a bat

798
00:47:13,360 --> 00:47:15,960
Speaker 1: that can do this, and they're called wrinkle faced bats.

799
00:47:16,560 --> 00:47:19,880
Speaker 1: And personally, I can't actually sleep unless I pull like

800
00:47:19,960 --> 00:47:23,280
Speaker 1: my shirt up over my chin. I have no idea why.

801
00:47:23,719 --> 00:47:27,279
Speaker 1: It's almost like I'm afraid someone's gonna like come in

802
00:47:27,320 --> 00:47:28,880
Speaker 1: the middle of the night and stab me in the

803
00:47:28,920 --> 00:47:31,160
Speaker 1: next I've got to like protect my neck with my

804
00:47:32,000 --> 00:47:34,759
Speaker 1: the blanket. Really yeah, I like to be tucked in.

805
00:47:34,880 --> 00:47:40,080
Speaker 1: I like to be like covered by a leaf, you know. Yeah, Like, yeah,

806
00:47:40,080 --> 00:47:42,440
Speaker 1: that's just that security of like I am covering up

807
00:47:42,440 --> 00:47:46,120
Speaker 1: my face with it's really hot that I can't do anything,

808
00:47:46,239 --> 00:47:48,360
Speaker 1: which happened. I have to do it or I can't sleep.

809
00:47:48,400 --> 00:47:51,719
Speaker 1: It's very bizarre. Maybe like part bat. Maybe I was

810
00:47:51,760 --> 00:47:55,000
Speaker 1: bitten by radioactive bat and this is the crappy superpower

811
00:47:55,040 --> 00:47:57,800
Speaker 1: that I got. I was gonna say, we're both really

812
00:47:57,840 --> 00:48:01,600
Speaker 1: pale red hats. There's a reason we think bats are

813
00:48:01,680 --> 00:48:04,160
Speaker 1: cool because it can only come out at night, because

814
00:48:04,160 --> 00:48:07,480
Speaker 1: we only come out at night exactly. Um So, wrinkle

815
00:48:07,520 --> 00:48:11,760
Speaker 1: face beats are found in Central America. As their name suggests,

816
00:48:11,800 --> 00:48:16,319
Speaker 1: they have a very wrinkly face. Here's a picture. They

817
00:48:16,360 --> 00:48:19,200
Speaker 1: look like one of those kind of mohawk look a

818
00:48:19,200 --> 00:48:22,440
Speaker 1: little bit like Look, I don't want to get naughty

819
00:48:22,640 --> 00:48:24,360
Speaker 1: on the show, but they look a little bit like

820
00:48:24,400 --> 00:48:28,160
Speaker 1: a ball sack. Yeah, I mean they kind of also

821
00:48:28,280 --> 00:48:32,080
Speaker 1: look like a waffle, a waffle, right as skin waffle,

822
00:48:32,400 --> 00:48:35,960
Speaker 1: flesh waffle. Um. So, males have a flap of skin

823
00:48:36,040 --> 00:48:38,440
Speaker 1: they can pull down and use as a face mask

824
00:48:38,520 --> 00:48:42,480
Speaker 1: while they're sleeping. Um. And they also have mouth pouches

825
00:48:42,520 --> 00:48:46,239
Speaker 1: to store fruit in um, which is just I love

826
00:48:46,560 --> 00:48:50,160
Speaker 1: seeing imagining this little wrinkly face just distended over like

827
00:48:50,200 --> 00:48:53,319
Speaker 1: a grape, like a like a hamster. Where are those

828
00:48:53,360 --> 00:48:57,480
Speaker 1: ones the mouth patches, they're like right on his little cheeks,

829
00:48:57,520 --> 00:48:59,239
Speaker 1: like right there. I don't know. I meant, where the

830
00:48:59,360 --> 00:49:02,520
Speaker 1: where do those bats? Uh? Where do those bats come from? Oh?

831
00:49:02,520 --> 00:49:05,920
Speaker 1: They're in Central America. I wonder why that didn't become

832
00:49:05,960 --> 00:49:08,239
Speaker 1: more of a thing with all the other bats having

833
00:49:08,280 --> 00:49:11,400
Speaker 1: like a skin flap. Yeah, it's a good question. Just

834
00:49:11,480 --> 00:49:14,920
Speaker 1: their faces seem like such a great here's bio diversity,

835
00:49:15,000 --> 00:49:17,520
Speaker 1: let's try everything. It's like, you know that like Dr.

836
00:49:17,640 --> 00:49:21,200
Speaker 1: Seuss thing, this the need thing, like in the Lorex

837
00:49:21,200 --> 00:49:24,279
Speaker 1: where it's like a it's a basically a piece of

838
00:49:24,320 --> 00:49:27,160
Speaker 1: fabric that can be turned into many different articles of

839
00:49:27,239 --> 00:49:31,520
Speaker 1: clothing and like a purse or a shirt or sweater. Um, like,

840
00:49:31,600 --> 00:49:33,600
Speaker 1: that's how I feel like these bat faces are. It's

841
00:49:33,640 --> 00:49:36,960
Speaker 1: like it can be an eyemask, can be like a

842
00:49:37,000 --> 00:49:42,319
Speaker 1: storage thing. It can just look really beautiful. They're like plants. Yeah,

843
00:49:42,360 --> 00:49:44,359
Speaker 1: they do looktle bit like an orchid, don't they They

844
00:49:44,360 --> 00:49:47,279
Speaker 1: really do, especially some of the nose spikes like a fleshy,

845
00:49:47,400 --> 00:49:50,319
Speaker 1: fleshy orchid. Yeah. In fact, a lot of bats are

846
00:49:50,360 --> 00:49:52,759
Speaker 1: called a leaf nose bats because their nose look like

847
00:49:52,800 --> 00:49:57,120
Speaker 1: little leaves. They are. They're really beautiful to me. They

848
00:49:57,120 --> 00:50:00,960
Speaker 1: look like flowers. Um, there's those urns take goal drawings

849
00:50:01,040 --> 00:50:04,960
Speaker 1: of bat Yes, I have always left. Yes, I'll probably

850
00:50:04,960 --> 00:50:09,440
Speaker 1: put that online. The diversity of bad faces. Yeah there,

851
00:50:09,560 --> 00:50:14,640
Speaker 1: it's it's really incredible. Um. And speaking of awesome looking bats,

852
00:50:14,719 --> 00:50:18,200
Speaker 1: here's a bat with a mohawk. Oh yeah, this is

853
00:50:18,200 --> 00:50:21,520
Speaker 1: called a Chapman's bat. It's found in Central and South America.

854
00:50:22,040 --> 00:50:25,560
Speaker 1: They're insectivores. It's a little bat with a big hair do.

855
00:50:26,320 --> 00:50:30,480
Speaker 1: Um looks like Wendy Oh Williams. I don't know. She's

856
00:50:30,520 --> 00:50:34,560
Speaker 1: a she likes to She's like a cool punk lady

857
00:50:34,560 --> 00:50:39,840
Speaker 1: who blows stuff up and hammers and mohawk. Yeah. Uh,

858
00:50:40,080 --> 00:50:43,520
Speaker 1: it does look very punk rock. It's got it's it's

859
00:50:43,600 --> 00:50:47,360
Speaker 1: literally like it's the closest thing I've seen to like

860
00:50:47,400 --> 00:50:51,640
Speaker 1: a punk rock mohawk in a mammal. Really yeah, Um,

861
00:50:51,680 --> 00:50:55,600
Speaker 1: it absolutely looks like a punk mohawk. Um. It's probably

862
00:50:55,719 --> 00:50:59,680
Speaker 1: for sexual selection, since they're more prominent in males. It's

863
00:50:59,680 --> 00:51:03,920
Speaker 1: probably soft, less spiky than I realized. Stop making me

864
00:51:04,080 --> 00:51:06,160
Speaker 1: want to pet. That's all I can do is talk

865
00:51:06,200 --> 00:51:10,839
Speaker 1: about I just want to pet a bat and not

866
00:51:10,920 --> 00:51:17,040
Speaker 1: get babies. Yeah. Um, so Christian with an h asks?

867
00:51:17,360 --> 00:51:20,640
Speaker 1: Um do bats pea or crap on themselves when sleeping?

868
00:51:20,920 --> 00:51:23,799
Speaker 1: How do they keep babies safe while upside down? Do

869
00:51:23,880 --> 00:51:26,640
Speaker 1: they have protection against pork air quality and caves? So

870
00:51:26,680 --> 00:51:29,760
Speaker 1: this is a good question. Um, when bats are roosting,

871
00:51:29,880 --> 00:51:32,399
Speaker 1: they don't poop and pee on themselves. They actually will

872
00:51:32,480 --> 00:51:35,560
Speaker 1: flip over to go to the bathroom. Um, and so

873
00:51:35,840 --> 00:51:38,640
Speaker 1: you have. I mean they'll when they're flying, they'll poo

874
00:51:38,719 --> 00:51:40,560
Speaker 1: and pee just in the air, just like birds do.

875
00:51:40,680 --> 00:51:43,160
Speaker 1: But um, like when they're in their caves, they don't

876
00:51:43,200 --> 00:51:46,600
Speaker 1: want to they don't poop on themselves. That's the cave floor,

877
00:51:46,719 --> 00:51:48,799
Speaker 1: that's for the floor. So they'll they'll do a little

878
00:51:48,800 --> 00:51:52,200
Speaker 1: somersaults so they can poop. They do give birth to

879
00:51:52,400 --> 00:51:56,120
Speaker 1: babies upside down though, and the mother has to kind

880
00:51:56,120 --> 00:51:58,160
Speaker 1: of catch the baby on the way right. And then

881
00:51:58,160 --> 00:52:01,239
Speaker 1: they drop them sometimes and they aren't allowed to get them. Yeah,

882
00:52:01,280 --> 00:52:04,040
Speaker 1: I mean if they draw a sad documentary where that happened. Yeah,

883
00:52:04,040 --> 00:52:06,640
Speaker 1: if they dropped them, I think it's just like really

884
00:52:06,680 --> 00:52:10,759
Speaker 1: difficult to retrieve them. Um and so and like they

885
00:52:10,800 --> 00:52:13,799
Speaker 1: do get like a baby that gets dropped is not

886
00:52:13,840 --> 00:52:17,920
Speaker 1: gonna make it generally. Um so high stakes high stakes

887
00:52:17,920 --> 00:52:21,279
Speaker 1: game of catch here circus performers. It's like if we

888
00:52:21,360 --> 00:52:23,799
Speaker 1: shot a baby out like when giving birth and the

889
00:52:23,840 --> 00:52:26,359
Speaker 1: doctor just had to catch it or like we had

890
00:52:26,400 --> 00:52:30,320
Speaker 1: to catch back to the ball game. Um, the baby

891
00:52:30,480 --> 00:52:34,160
Speaker 1: will quickly start to learn to cling to its mother's belly. Uh.

892
00:52:34,239 --> 00:52:36,560
Speaker 1: And in some species, the mother can fly with a

893
00:52:36,600 --> 00:52:40,400
Speaker 1: baby clinging to her stomach. Like instill a luna, remember

894
00:52:40,440 --> 00:52:42,480
Speaker 1: that book, and then like they get attacked by a

895
00:52:42,480 --> 00:52:44,480
Speaker 1: hawk or something and still a little for it. You

896
00:52:44,960 --> 00:52:48,640
Speaker 1: get lost from her mom, but then she's not abandoned,

897
00:52:48,760 --> 00:52:51,080
Speaker 1: but then she gets raised by birds and they're like,

898
00:52:51,120 --> 00:52:54,120
Speaker 1: why are you so strange? And it turns out she

899
00:52:54,320 --> 00:52:58,240
Speaker 1: wasn't strange, She was a bat all along, all along.

900
00:52:59,040 --> 00:53:02,720
Speaker 1: Uh So. The other part of the question is about

901
00:53:02,920 --> 00:53:06,560
Speaker 1: um poor air quality in caves, and actually this is

902
00:53:06,560 --> 00:53:10,120
Speaker 1: a little bit of a misconception. Generally speaking, air qualitying

903
00:53:10,200 --> 00:53:14,600
Speaker 1: caves is fine. There are some exceptions, obviously, um, but

904
00:53:14,840 --> 00:53:18,480
Speaker 1: natural caves typically have a good amount of oxygen and

905
00:53:18,600 --> 00:53:22,840
Speaker 1: air mixing uh and they rarely have dangerous gases, although

906
00:53:22,880 --> 00:53:25,800
Speaker 1: there are some caves that do, like have high concentrations

907
00:53:25,840 --> 00:53:28,760
Speaker 1: of c O two. So don't just like go don't

908
00:53:28,760 --> 00:53:31,319
Speaker 1: pick up a bat, squeeze it and go marching into

909
00:53:31,400 --> 00:53:34,560
Speaker 1: a cave and be like Katie told me to, don't

910
00:53:34,600 --> 00:53:36,759
Speaker 1: go in a cave where bats are and up a

911
00:53:36,760 --> 00:53:39,200
Speaker 1: bat right, and like shove your face and all their

912
00:53:39,239 --> 00:53:44,359
Speaker 1: guana and such um and the the things you really

913
00:53:44,360 --> 00:53:46,759
Speaker 1: have to look out for our minds and minds are

914
00:53:46,800 --> 00:53:49,879
Speaker 1: more dangerous because they don't have Unlike a natural cave,

915
00:53:49,920 --> 00:53:52,400
Speaker 1: they don't have as much air circulation. There's usually like

916
00:53:52,480 --> 00:53:54,560
Speaker 1: one way in and one way out, so that's how

917
00:53:54,880 --> 00:53:59,200
Speaker 1: dangerous gases can often build up in mines um. Bat

918
00:53:59,280 --> 00:54:04,760
Speaker 1: caves do offer a little extra gassiness because bat guano

919
00:54:04,880 --> 00:54:08,520
Speaker 1: does give off ammonia gas um. I'm not exactly sure

920
00:54:08,560 --> 00:54:12,040
Speaker 1: how bats cope with the strong ammonia. My guess is

921
00:54:12,080 --> 00:54:15,920
Speaker 1: that air circulation in the caves, the humidity, or their

922
00:54:16,000 --> 00:54:18,719
Speaker 1: distance from the guano is probably enough to keep it

923
00:54:18,800 --> 00:54:21,960
Speaker 1: from bothering them. But if there's any bat biologists or

924
00:54:22,239 --> 00:54:26,719
Speaker 1: caveologists spollnchologists out there, uh, sim me a message, tell

925
00:54:26,719 --> 00:54:30,400
Speaker 1: me how wrong I am. Here's another question about bats.

926
00:54:30,760 --> 00:54:34,160
Speaker 1: Doc Garb asks, would you rather fight one batman size

927
00:54:34,200 --> 00:54:40,120
Speaker 1: bat or twenty bats sized batmans? Yes? Um, So obviously

928
00:54:40,160 --> 00:54:43,360
Speaker 1: that depends on the species of bats, Like if the

929
00:54:43,400 --> 00:54:47,880
Speaker 1: batman's were the size of the bumblebee bat, definitely twenty

930
00:54:47,880 --> 00:54:53,880
Speaker 1: bat sized batman's um. And honestly, though the real answer

931
00:54:53,920 --> 00:54:57,959
Speaker 1: to this question is, uh, fighting a batman size bat

932
00:54:58,000 --> 00:55:00,319
Speaker 1: because the bat isn't gonna want to fight me. Yeah,

933
00:55:00,400 --> 00:55:02,960
Speaker 1: if I see a big bat, we're gonna be friends. Friends,

934
00:55:03,000 --> 00:55:05,359
Speaker 1: we're gonna be friends. I'll be like, hey, can I

935
00:55:05,400 --> 00:55:08,760
Speaker 1: groom you can? You can throw up in each other's mouths.

936
00:55:09,600 --> 00:55:11,560
Speaker 1: Would you like to throw up in my mouth? I'll

937
00:55:11,560 --> 00:55:13,120
Speaker 1: throw up in your mouth if you throw up in

938
00:55:13,360 --> 00:55:18,279
Speaker 1: the back and forth exactly. Um uh. And similar to this,

939
00:55:18,440 --> 00:55:22,840
Speaker 1: Waffles asks if Batman was bitten by radioactive bat, what

940
00:55:22,960 --> 00:55:27,360
Speaker 1: powers would he likely have? Uh? Not including cancer um,

941
00:55:27,440 --> 00:55:33,040
Speaker 1: which I guess is a concern with radioactivity. Um so uh,

942
00:55:33,160 --> 00:55:36,000
Speaker 1: if he was bitten, it again depends on the species

943
00:55:36,000 --> 00:55:38,160
Speaker 1: of bats. So if he was bitten by a vampire bat,

944
00:55:38,520 --> 00:55:41,200
Speaker 1: he'd be able to use his nose as a heat

945
00:55:41,239 --> 00:55:44,799
Speaker 1: detection system, so he could like maybe put his nose

946
00:55:44,840 --> 00:55:48,719
Speaker 1: on a wall. I'm imagining like uldtrap powers. Like this

947
00:55:48,800 --> 00:55:51,120
Speaker 1: is not something an actual vampire bat can do, but

948
00:55:51,160 --> 00:55:54,200
Speaker 1: maybe a radioactive vampire bat could do. Like maybe he

949
00:55:54,200 --> 00:55:56,520
Speaker 1: could like put his nose against a wall and like

950
00:55:56,719 --> 00:55:58,880
Speaker 1: use that as heat sensors to see where all the

951
00:55:58,920 --> 00:56:03,200
Speaker 1: criminals are. His bite would also contain an anticoaculant, so

952
00:56:03,280 --> 00:56:05,879
Speaker 1: you know, he'd just like bite the joker and he'd

953
00:56:05,880 --> 00:56:09,000
Speaker 1: bleed out. I guess he could also, as we've talked about,

954
00:56:09,080 --> 00:56:12,280
Speaker 1: vomit up blood to feed Robin, to keep him nourished.

955
00:56:12,640 --> 00:56:14,719
Speaker 1: He's a grown boy. He's a grown boy, wonder and

956
00:56:14,719 --> 00:56:17,600
Speaker 1: he needs to make Batman like a little cooler. It

957
00:56:17,760 --> 00:56:20,520
Speaker 1: makes him so much better. And he he doesn't believe

958
00:56:20,520 --> 00:56:23,560
Speaker 1: in hierarchies, right, so he wouldn't be first of all,

959
00:56:23,560 --> 00:56:25,919
Speaker 1: he'd be a batman. He wouldn't be Batman. He would

960
00:56:25,920 --> 00:56:28,600
Speaker 1: just be like, hey, I'm man bat I'm going to

961
00:56:28,680 --> 00:56:32,080
Speaker 1: give all my wealth away. Um, I'm gonna bite people

962
00:56:32,160 --> 00:56:35,360
Speaker 1: who are bad and vomit blood up into children's mouths

963
00:56:35,680 --> 00:56:40,399
Speaker 1: and echo and echolocate. A true hero um. He'd also

964
00:56:40,480 --> 00:56:44,160
Speaker 1: have exquisite hearing. He could probably hear flies having sex,

965
00:56:44,440 --> 00:56:48,719
Speaker 1: probably hear everyone having sex, which sounds like a horrible nightmare.

966
00:56:49,040 --> 00:56:53,800
Speaker 1: Bat's actually will listen for um flies as they're having sex.

967
00:56:53,880 --> 00:56:56,920
Speaker 1: They make like sexual buzzing as flies have sex. And

968
00:56:56,920 --> 00:56:58,799
Speaker 1: then if a bat hears that, they know how to

969
00:56:58,840 --> 00:57:01,000
Speaker 1: target them and eat them, and they'll just eat both

970
00:57:01,040 --> 00:57:06,600
Speaker 1: of them. Yes, so kind of kind of like both

971
00:57:06,640 --> 00:57:09,279
Speaker 1: a messiah and a horror movie villain who would just

972
00:57:09,280 --> 00:57:11,760
Speaker 1: eat people who have sex. And if he was bitten

973
00:57:11,760 --> 00:57:13,759
Speaker 1: by the sucker footed bat, he would be able to

974
00:57:13,800 --> 00:57:17,800
Speaker 1: scale buildings like Spider Man. So you know, as long

975
00:57:17,800 --> 00:57:19,840
Speaker 1: as he's on our side, he'd be great. But if

976
00:57:20,360 --> 00:57:24,280
Speaker 1: just like we'd have to be a chaste, equitable society.

977
00:57:24,920 --> 00:57:29,240
Speaker 1: Matt asks, is there a way to attract bats to

978
00:57:29,280 --> 00:57:31,240
Speaker 1: come live in the bat houses we've put up? And

979
00:57:31,280 --> 00:57:34,680
Speaker 1: a related question from Lady friend is bat addicts. I

980
00:57:34,680 --> 00:57:36,720
Speaker 1: should get some, right, So this is kind of what

981
00:57:36,760 --> 00:57:40,840
Speaker 1: we were talking about before. Um, I don't know if

982
00:57:40,840 --> 00:57:44,040
Speaker 1: you want bats in your attic, especially because they won't

983
00:57:44,320 --> 00:57:46,840
Speaker 1: they won't destroy the attic at all. They don't choose

984
00:57:46,840 --> 00:57:48,720
Speaker 1: through things, but they'll they'll poop a lot, And I

985
00:57:48,760 --> 00:57:51,280
Speaker 1: don't know if you want poop there. Um like guana

986
00:57:51,360 --> 00:57:54,080
Speaker 1: like used to make dynamite? Also, is it? I didn't

987
00:57:54,120 --> 00:57:56,760
Speaker 1: know that there's something it's used for, something that makes

988
00:57:56,760 --> 00:58:01,160
Speaker 1: it really valuable. I believe it involves explosive. Oh yes,

989
00:58:01,200 --> 00:58:05,720
Speaker 1: it's because dried back wando consists largely of saltpeter, potassium

990
00:58:05,800 --> 00:58:12,880
Speaker 1: nitrate explosive poop. The Confederates used it after their supplies

991
00:58:12,920 --> 00:58:16,080
Speaker 1: were cut off. Oh my gosh, the Civil War. I

992
00:58:16,080 --> 00:58:19,640
Speaker 1: wonder what would happen if you gave like a bat chipotle?

993
00:58:19,760 --> 00:58:24,600
Speaker 1: Would that just be like an H bomb? Of that's

994
00:58:24,600 --> 00:58:27,400
Speaker 1: pretty incredible. Maybe you don't want bats in your attic.

995
00:58:27,520 --> 00:58:31,440
Speaker 1: I don't think it'll probably not unless you probably might

996
00:58:31,520 --> 00:58:35,280
Speaker 1: lead to some confederates, which the FBI, raiding your house. Like,

997
00:58:35,320 --> 00:58:40,120
Speaker 1: what's with all this explosions. It's explosive material. Um. But

998
00:58:40,280 --> 00:58:44,480
Speaker 1: bat houses are a great idea. Um So, uh, if

999
00:58:44,480 --> 00:58:47,760
Speaker 1: you want bats to take up residents in a bat house,

1000
00:58:48,000 --> 00:58:53,760
Speaker 1: it's a location, location, location, according to back Conservation International,

1001
00:58:54,200 --> 00:58:57,880
Speaker 1: So lures don't really work to attract them to the house. Obviously,

1002
00:58:57,920 --> 00:59:00,240
Speaker 1: you shouldn't like try to force a bat into a else.

1003
00:59:00,680 --> 00:59:02,520
Speaker 1: You shouldn't pick up a bat and like place it

1004
00:59:02,560 --> 00:59:05,040
Speaker 1: in a house. Don't pick up bats. They're adorable. I

1005
00:59:05,080 --> 00:59:08,120
Speaker 1: know you want to, Just don't touch them. Don't touch them. Instead,

1006
00:59:08,280 --> 00:59:11,320
Speaker 1: they recommend making the house appealing by placing it against

1007
00:59:11,320 --> 00:59:14,200
Speaker 1: a wall or solid wood structure rather than a pull

1008
00:59:14,320 --> 00:59:18,280
Speaker 1: to regulate the temperature, as the bats will prefer warmer houses,

1009
00:59:18,360 --> 00:59:21,400
Speaker 1: but not too hot, so around eighty two a hundred

1010
00:59:21,400 --> 00:59:25,480
Speaker 1: degrees fahrenheit in the summer. Um. By choosing where the

1011
00:59:25,480 --> 00:59:27,840
Speaker 1: home is in the sun or shade, and what color

1012
00:59:27,880 --> 00:59:30,120
Speaker 1: you paint it, you can control the temperature. And I'll

1013
00:59:30,120 --> 00:59:33,120
Speaker 1: put up a link to the Uh, there's a bad

1014
00:59:33,200 --> 00:59:37,280
Speaker 1: conservation um worksheet about like how to how to make

1015
00:59:37,280 --> 00:59:41,880
Speaker 1: a cool bath house decoy decoy asks. I've always heard

1016
00:59:41,920 --> 00:59:44,360
Speaker 1: baths de flat show and kind of lingus to each

1017
00:59:44,360 --> 00:59:47,000
Speaker 1: other a lot. Is there any truth to that? Yes

1018
00:59:47,080 --> 00:59:50,560
Speaker 1: there is, so we your point for bath not their

1019
00:59:50,640 --> 00:59:53,360
Speaker 1: point for bats. So I talked about this on the

1020
00:59:53,360 --> 00:59:57,720
Speaker 1: Worst at Sex Awards episode, But biologists found that female

1021
00:59:57,840 --> 01:00:02,720
Speaker 1: Chinese fruit baths indeed perform fully show during mating copulations. Uh.

1022
01:00:02,760 --> 01:00:05,520
Speaker 1: It's thought that this is used to help encourage the

1023
01:00:05,560 --> 01:00:09,760
Speaker 1: males to keep going so successful insemination occurs. It's kind

1024
01:00:09,760 --> 01:00:11,800
Speaker 1: of like a little bit of an auDA boy, like

1025
01:00:12,000 --> 01:00:14,120
Speaker 1: you're doing a good job, keep on going. It's got

1026
01:00:14,200 --> 01:00:17,240
Speaker 1: to be they're probably doing it like really having to

1027
01:00:17,480 --> 01:00:20,800
Speaker 1: crunch those abdominal muscles. You gotta put those wings out

1028
01:00:20,800 --> 01:00:24,959
Speaker 1: of the way. And I bet you're thinking, well, that's great.

1029
01:00:25,080 --> 01:00:29,080
Speaker 1: But do male bats perform kind of lingus um? And

1030
01:00:29,320 --> 01:00:32,080
Speaker 1: in fact they do so. Researchers have found that male

1031
01:00:32,160 --> 01:00:36,400
Speaker 1: Indian flying foxes will perform oral sex on females, which

1032
01:00:36,440 --> 01:00:40,560
Speaker 1: I think is great. I mean, we can learn so

1033
01:00:40,640 --> 01:00:45,760
Speaker 1: much from baths. They're basically the best animal. I like

1034
01:00:45,840 --> 01:00:48,440
Speaker 1: to be a bat, right, Yeah, I mean they have

1035
01:00:48,960 --> 01:00:53,960
Speaker 1: they have equitable societies, they have welfare, they practice uh

1036
01:00:54,120 --> 01:00:59,520
Speaker 1: sex on each other, and they're cute and exactly. Yeah. Uh.

1037
01:00:59,560 --> 01:01:02,480
Speaker 1: And here's another point in the favor of bats. If

1038
01:01:02,520 --> 01:01:06,120
Speaker 1: you take a video of bats hanging upside down, flip

1039
01:01:06,160 --> 01:01:08,440
Speaker 1: it and put some music to it, they look like

1040
01:01:08,480 --> 01:01:14,240
Speaker 1: they're dancing. So I'll post this. I'll post this video.

1041
01:01:14,880 --> 01:01:18,240
Speaker 1: So cute they definitely they look it's a little trio

1042
01:01:18,520 --> 01:01:21,479
Speaker 1: of bats, and they look like they're dancing because they're

1043
01:01:21,480 --> 01:01:25,280
Speaker 1: just kind of like, I guess breathing. Uh and uh.

1044
01:01:26,000 --> 01:01:29,320
Speaker 1: I can't play the video on podcast. I'm pretty sure

1045
01:01:29,320 --> 01:01:32,320
Speaker 1: it's got but if you can imagine the cutest, funniest

1046
01:01:32,320 --> 01:01:34,760
Speaker 1: thing you've ever seen, right, look at the leg where

1047
01:01:35,360 --> 01:01:38,720
Speaker 1: like look at the lego here like looks like he's

1048
01:01:38,760 --> 01:01:42,480
Speaker 1: tap dancing. Oh it's so cool. It's hilarious. So you

1049
01:01:42,560 --> 01:01:45,800
Speaker 1: got any got any more stories about bats? Well? I

1050
01:01:45,800 --> 01:01:49,240
Speaker 1: haven't had that much experience with them personally, so I've

1051
01:01:49,280 --> 01:01:53,040
Speaker 1: only really seen them in other places. But now I

1052
01:01:53,040 --> 01:01:55,919
Speaker 1: want to find the ones in l A. Yeah, see

1053
01:01:55,960 --> 01:01:58,720
Speaker 1: if we can track them down. I did see when

1054
01:01:58,760 --> 01:02:01,840
Speaker 1: I was in Las Vegas a couple of years ago. Um,

1055
01:02:01,880 --> 01:02:06,840
Speaker 1: the bats congregate around the lux or pyramid really because

1056
01:02:06,840 --> 01:02:09,320
Speaker 1: there's so many because it's a big light. Yeah, and

1057
01:02:09,360 --> 01:02:10,840
Speaker 1: they shoot a big light out of the top of

1058
01:02:10,840 --> 01:02:13,360
Speaker 1: the pyramid own bugs, right. Yeah, So there's so many

1059
01:02:13,400 --> 01:02:15,320
Speaker 1: bugs that it's like a great place for bats to

1060
01:02:16,320 --> 01:02:18,320
Speaker 1: the desert. Bats hang out there and you can see

1061
01:02:18,360 --> 01:02:21,320
Speaker 1: like a cool big spotlight for the It's the best

1062
01:02:21,320 --> 01:02:24,000
Speaker 1: show in town. That's awesome. I'm actually going to Vegas

1063
01:02:24,000 --> 01:02:26,120
Speaker 1: and all, oh, we'll check it out. I'm gonna check

1064
01:02:26,120 --> 01:02:28,240
Speaker 1: out the bats. Probably not going to gamble at all,

1065
01:02:28,400 --> 01:02:31,840
Speaker 1: going to spend all my time looking about I can.

1066
01:02:31,920 --> 01:02:36,040
Speaker 1: I would also love to recommend the Atomic Bomb Testing

1067
01:02:36,120 --> 01:02:39,200
Speaker 1: Museum in Las Vegas is really cool. Really Yeah, it's

1068
01:02:39,200 --> 01:02:43,200
Speaker 1: like a Smithsonian museum about all the atomic bomb stuff

1069
01:02:43,280 --> 01:02:47,680
Speaker 1: and it's really scary and the Bombaguana No, but it's

1070
01:02:47,720 --> 01:02:50,200
Speaker 1: funny because it's like it all happens out in the desert.

1071
01:02:50,440 --> 01:02:53,800
Speaker 1: So you know, I'm sure it was in some places

1072
01:02:53,800 --> 01:02:56,840
Speaker 1: where bats are leaving the guano around something, they're like, oh,

1073
01:02:56,920 --> 01:02:59,920
Speaker 1: just another explosion, just another way one of those dead

1074
01:03:00,040 --> 01:03:02,360
Speaker 1: theert bats that can crawl on the ground just like oh,

1075
01:03:02,440 --> 01:03:12,440
Speaker 1: geez back to the pyramid. Thank you so much for

1076
01:03:12,560 --> 01:03:15,520
Speaker 1: joining me today. Thank you. So you're you're part of

1077
01:03:15,520 --> 01:03:19,840
Speaker 1: a podcast called Nightcall. I've had tests on that. I

1078
01:03:19,880 --> 01:03:23,600
Speaker 1: get Emily for the tri I know. Uh so, can

1079
01:03:23,640 --> 01:03:26,440
Speaker 1: you talk a little bit about your podcast? Nightcall is

1080
01:03:26,480 --> 01:03:30,920
Speaker 1: a podcast about sort of the occult and as Terrika,

1081
01:03:31,360 --> 01:03:33,920
Speaker 1: you talk about UFOs and ghosts and stuff like that

1082
01:03:33,960 --> 01:03:36,000
Speaker 1: a lot, but we also talk about animals, which is

1083
01:03:36,040 --> 01:03:38,520
Speaker 1: why this is a great pod to cross over on

1084
01:03:39,120 --> 01:03:46,040
Speaker 1: because we also talk about uh, leeches specifically recently um

1085
01:03:46,120 --> 01:03:48,880
Speaker 1: and sometimes bath. So you have to come on Night

1086
01:03:48,880 --> 01:03:51,840
Speaker 1: Call next. I'd love to be on Nightcall. I will

1087
01:03:51,880 --> 01:03:54,760
Speaker 1: talk to you about all sorts of creepy animals. Having

1088
01:03:54,800 --> 01:03:57,320
Speaker 1: an animal expert on a call is like something I've

1089
01:03:57,320 --> 01:04:01,640
Speaker 1: always dreamed of in my life, just having someone who

1090
01:04:01,680 --> 01:04:04,040
Speaker 1: I can ask the kind of questions that people would

1091
01:04:04,040 --> 01:04:07,200
Speaker 1: ask you, right, like is Bigfoot made out of eels?

1092
01:04:07,440 --> 01:04:10,240
Speaker 1: And the answer, I don't know, the science of nobody

1093
01:04:10,280 --> 01:04:15,040
Speaker 1: knows yet. Can people find you on social media? Yeah?

1094
01:04:15,040 --> 01:04:18,000
Speaker 1: You can find me on Twitter at Molly Lambert and

1095
01:04:18,560 --> 01:04:22,760
Speaker 1: other places. Yeah. Yeah, you can find us on the internet.

1096
01:04:23,000 --> 01:04:26,680
Speaker 1: Uh Creature feature pod dot Com Creature feature pod on Instagram,

1097
01:04:26,720 --> 01:04:29,800
Speaker 1: Creature Feet Pod on Twitter. F e a T not

1098
01:04:30,520 --> 01:04:34,280
Speaker 1: f ET That'll bring you somewhere very different. Uh. You

1099
01:04:34,320 --> 01:04:37,240
Speaker 1: can find me at Katie Golden. I'm also at pro

1100
01:04:37,360 --> 01:04:39,880
Speaker 1: bird Rights uh, and I urge you to ignore all

1101
01:04:39,920 --> 01:04:43,120
Speaker 1: of the propaganda in this episode about being pro bat

1102
01:04:43,240 --> 01:04:46,640
Speaker 1: rights because in fact, birds are the superior creature. Oh

1103
01:04:46,720 --> 01:04:50,600
Speaker 1: I disagree. Somebody help me on being controlled by birds anyways.

1104
01:04:51,560 --> 01:04:54,280
Speaker 1: Thank you so much for joining us. If you're enjoying

1105
01:04:54,320 --> 01:04:58,240
Speaker 1: the pod, please leave our review, subscribe, press all the

1106
01:04:58,360 --> 01:05:02,160
Speaker 1: numerous buttons available to you below the episode, and send

1107
01:05:02,240 --> 01:05:05,280
Speaker 1: Katie pictures of your bath houses. That would be wonderful

1108
01:05:05,440 --> 01:05:09,720
Speaker 1: Send me pictures of bath houses. Dick Dix Chevertine's anything

1109
01:05:09,840 --> 01:05:13,640
Speaker 1: really and thanks to the Space Classics for They're Awesome song.

1110
01:05:13,840 --> 01:05:17,960
Speaker 1: Exo Lumina creature features of production of I Heart Radios

1111
01:05:18,000 --> 01:05:20,760
Speaker 1: How Stuff Works. For more podcasts from my Heart Radio,

1112
01:05:20,920 --> 01:05:23,520
Speaker 1: visit the I Heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts or where

1113
01:05:23,520 --> 01:05:27,240
Speaker 1: if you listen to your favorite shows. See you next Wednesday.