1 00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:02,480 Speaker 1: We bring you news and analysis every day on the 2 00:00:02,520 --> 00:00:06,200 Speaker 1: tape podcast, but now you can get the latest news 3 00:00:06,320 --> 00:00:11,400 Speaker 1: on demand whenever you want. Subscribe to Bloomberg News Now 4 00:00:11,720 --> 00:00:14,480 Speaker 1: to get the latest headlines at the click of a button. 5 00:00:14,760 --> 00:00:18,200 Speaker 1: Get informed on your schedule. You can listen to news 6 00:00:18,200 --> 00:00:21,840 Speaker 1: and subscribe to Bloomberg Newsnow on the Bloomberg Business app, 7 00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:25,880 Speaker 1: Bloomberg dot com plus, Apple, Spotify, or anywhere else you 8 00:00:25,920 --> 00:00:30,280 Speaker 1: get your podcasts. Search Bloomberg News Now and subscribe today. 9 00:00:31,440 --> 00:00:34,680 Speaker 2: Welcome to the Bloomberg Markets Podcast. I'm Paul Sweeney alongside 10 00:00:34,680 --> 00:00:35,840 Speaker 2: my co host Matt Miller. 11 00:00:36,280 --> 00:00:40,240 Speaker 1: Every business day, we bring you interviews from CEOs, market pros, 12 00:00:40,360 --> 00:00:44,240 Speaker 1: and Bloomberg experts, along with essential market movin news. 13 00:00:44,760 --> 00:00:47,919 Speaker 2: Find the Bloomberg Markets Podcast on Apple Podcasts or wherever 14 00:00:48,000 --> 00:00:51,120 Speaker 2: you listen to podcasts, and at Bloomberg dot Com slash podcast. 15 00:00:51,640 --> 00:00:54,600 Speaker 2: All right, so we're here at the Bloomberg Sustainable Business 16 00:00:54,600 --> 00:00:58,320 Speaker 2: sum A part of that is financial inclusions. To find 17 00:00:58,320 --> 00:01:02,440 Speaker 2: what financial inclusion is, how we measured Kara who Canson 18 00:01:02,520 --> 00:01:05,280 Speaker 2: joins a senior vice president and head of workplace Benefits 19 00:01:05,520 --> 00:01:09,360 Speaker 2: at Benefits and Protection Principle. Kara, thanks so much for 20 00:01:09,480 --> 00:01:09,840 Speaker 2: joining us. 21 00:01:09,840 --> 00:01:09,920 Speaker 3: Here. 22 00:01:09,920 --> 00:01:13,520 Speaker 2: We appreciate you coming here to Bloomberg. What is financial 23 00:01:13,520 --> 00:01:15,399 Speaker 2: inclusion and how do you measure it? 24 00:01:16,240 --> 00:01:24,839 Speaker 4: So, financial inclusion is about giving more people access to tools, products, 25 00:01:25,080 --> 00:01:29,920 Speaker 4: services that enable them to ultimately the goal is achieve 26 00:01:30,040 --> 00:01:34,440 Speaker 4: financial security, and so making sure that a much broader 27 00:01:34,440 --> 00:01:37,800 Speaker 4: group than today has access to all that they need 28 00:01:38,000 --> 00:01:42,960 Speaker 4: in order to make those decisions and achieve financial success. 29 00:01:43,480 --> 00:01:46,720 Speaker 4: You know, it is partly about measuring the access the 30 00:01:46,800 --> 00:01:50,680 Speaker 4: number of people that do have access to those products 31 00:01:50,680 --> 00:01:55,440 Speaker 4: and services, but then it's also about their degree of 32 00:01:55,480 --> 00:01:59,000 Speaker 4: comfort and security long term, which is a bit subjective 33 00:01:59,040 --> 00:02:01,720 Speaker 4: because that's going to look different for everybody. But we 34 00:02:01,800 --> 00:02:04,440 Speaker 4: have a huge opportunity ahead of us to make sure 35 00:02:04,480 --> 00:02:07,800 Speaker 4: that just that access is taken care of. Principle created 36 00:02:07,840 --> 00:02:11,760 Speaker 4: an index called the Global Financial Inclusion Index last year. 37 00:02:12,000 --> 00:02:15,440 Speaker 4: We just this week released our second edition of that 38 00:02:17,000 --> 00:02:19,679 Speaker 4: and it measures financial inclusion across forty. 39 00:02:19,360 --> 00:02:23,560 Speaker 1: Two different markets, markets in terms of countries. 40 00:02:23,240 --> 00:02:27,440 Speaker 4: Countries, forty two different countries, and really looks at the 41 00:02:27,520 --> 00:02:31,160 Speaker 4: role of three pillars in each of those countries, the government, 42 00:02:31,680 --> 00:02:35,799 Speaker 4: the financial system itself, and the role of employers. And 43 00:02:35,919 --> 00:02:38,800 Speaker 4: so we can measure each of those pillars by country 44 00:02:38,880 --> 00:02:43,400 Speaker 4: and then aggregate that to determine kind of relativeness around 45 00:02:43,520 --> 00:02:48,200 Speaker 4: financial inclusion. One of the things that this year's particular 46 00:02:48,280 --> 00:02:51,720 Speaker 4: index showed is that those countries that are making the 47 00:02:51,760 --> 00:02:56,000 Speaker 4: biggest progress in terms of financial inclusion are the ones 48 00:02:56,040 --> 00:03:00,280 Speaker 4: that are making investments to digitally enable access us to 49 00:03:00,440 --> 00:03:05,280 Speaker 4: products and services think mobile banking, real time payments, those 50 00:03:05,440 --> 00:03:09,320 Speaker 4: types of solutions, which inherently because so many of us 51 00:03:09,400 --> 00:03:12,280 Speaker 4: and an ever greater percentage every day, have access to 52 00:03:12,320 --> 00:03:14,960 Speaker 4: those computers we hold in our hands, and so that's 53 00:03:15,000 --> 00:03:22,079 Speaker 4: a really important component of financial inclusion, the tools at 54 00:03:22,160 --> 00:03:23,200 Speaker 4: people's fingertips. 55 00:03:23,400 --> 00:03:25,840 Speaker 1: So I imagine we were just talking about holistic systems, 56 00:03:25,880 --> 00:03:30,600 Speaker 1: and this isn't something that you're doing because necessarily you 57 00:03:30,680 --> 00:03:33,080 Speaker 1: feel sorry for the people who aren't included. It's not 58 00:03:33,200 --> 00:03:36,240 Speaker 1: about charity, right, I mean, in some senses maybe, but 59 00:03:36,840 --> 00:03:40,800 Speaker 1: really it should be good for the entire society if 60 00:03:40,840 --> 00:03:44,240 Speaker 1: you include more people. So do you see a correlation 61 00:03:44,480 --> 00:03:49,680 Speaker 1: between those markets that are more financially inclusive and say, 62 00:03:49,760 --> 00:03:51,600 Speaker 1: you know, stronger more sustainable growth. 63 00:03:51,640 --> 00:03:54,680 Speaker 4: Absolutely? So great, astute question. So not only did we 64 00:03:54,720 --> 00:03:59,080 Speaker 4: develop this index, but beyond that, we compare that index 65 00:03:59,160 --> 00:04:05,240 Speaker 4: to different indicators of overall economic progress, and there is 66 00:04:05,280 --> 00:04:11,000 Speaker 4: a strong correlation there. Countries that have greater financial inclusion 67 00:04:11,120 --> 00:04:14,720 Speaker 4: are more resilient, whether it's resilience to climate change, whether 68 00:04:14,760 --> 00:04:20,960 Speaker 4: it's resilience to geopolitical risks. They ultimately are more ethical 69 00:04:22,000 --> 00:04:27,720 Speaker 4: economies and that leads to happier, more excuse me, more 70 00:04:27,839 --> 00:04:32,000 Speaker 4: food secure individuals, and brighter prospects for the future. 71 00:04:32,520 --> 00:04:34,400 Speaker 2: How does the US rank on your index? 72 00:04:34,880 --> 00:04:39,239 Speaker 4: So the US actually currently ranks number four, sure, four. 73 00:04:39,480 --> 00:04:43,920 Speaker 4: We actually dropped a couple of spots from last year's rankings, 74 00:04:44,400 --> 00:04:47,800 Speaker 4: and there were a variety of factors that went into that, 75 00:04:48,160 --> 00:04:51,200 Speaker 4: one of which is, you know, just consumer sentiment is 76 00:04:51,240 --> 00:04:55,400 Speaker 4: an underlying consideration in this research, and consumer sentiment is 77 00:04:55,480 --> 00:04:58,680 Speaker 4: changing given you know, all the different factors, whether it's 78 00:04:58,720 --> 00:05:04,120 Speaker 4: the economy and concerns related to that, politics, the news cycle, 79 00:05:05,040 --> 00:05:07,680 Speaker 4: all of that feeding into overall consumer sentiment. 80 00:05:08,279 --> 00:05:08,920 Speaker 2: Who's number one? 81 00:05:09,000 --> 00:05:13,039 Speaker 4: Yeah, Singapore is number one. Surprised, Yes, very strong and 82 00:05:13,200 --> 00:05:14,080 Speaker 4: on all three. 83 00:05:13,880 --> 00:05:16,560 Speaker 1: Pillars, so much easier though it's almost unfair, right, I 84 00:05:16,600 --> 00:05:19,360 Speaker 1: mean it's a much smaller market, it is, Yeah. 85 00:05:19,080 --> 00:05:22,240 Speaker 4: But there's also been a lot of intentionality around how 86 00:05:22,279 --> 00:05:26,000 Speaker 4: those three different pillars all pull their own weight in 87 00:05:26,120 --> 00:05:29,559 Speaker 4: order to create a very financially inclusive. 88 00:05:30,040 --> 00:05:31,680 Speaker 1: And they have I think a much. I mean, it's 89 00:05:31,680 --> 00:05:35,320 Speaker 1: easier with a centrally controlled economy, right, It's probably more 90 00:05:35,360 --> 00:05:41,159 Speaker 1: difficult with totally chaotic and broken democracy like they have 91 00:05:41,279 --> 00:05:41,919 Speaker 1: here in the US. 92 00:05:42,000 --> 00:05:45,479 Speaker 4: There are definitely different sets of challenges when not all 93 00:05:45,520 --> 00:05:47,400 Speaker 4: the ores are rowing in the same direction. 94 00:05:47,880 --> 00:05:50,000 Speaker 2: What are some of the countries that are, you know, 95 00:05:50,000 --> 00:05:52,880 Speaker 2: maybe making big gains or maybe have some real challenges. 96 00:05:52,480 --> 00:05:55,000 Speaker 4: In front of them, you know, I would say back 97 00:05:55,000 --> 00:05:59,520 Speaker 4: to the comments around you know, digitally enabling, you know, 98 00:05:59,600 --> 00:06:03,000 Speaker 4: place is like Taiwan and Vietnam are making some pretty 99 00:06:03,000 --> 00:06:06,560 Speaker 4: significant gains because of the infrastructure investments that they are 100 00:06:06,640 --> 00:06:12,920 Speaker 4: making to enable their citizens to access financial products and services, 101 00:06:12,960 --> 00:06:16,920 Speaker 4: and beyond that, it's also the education that goes with 102 00:06:17,160 --> 00:06:19,400 Speaker 4: the use of those products and services. 103 00:06:19,480 --> 00:06:22,040 Speaker 1: Are there any big laggards that surprised you, any countries 104 00:06:22,120 --> 00:06:24,040 Speaker 1: that you think should be making more headway. 105 00:06:24,440 --> 00:06:27,360 Speaker 4: Not specifically country by country. I think, you know, it's 106 00:06:27,400 --> 00:06:30,920 Speaker 4: probably not a surprise that developed markets that have more 107 00:06:31,000 --> 00:06:36,440 Speaker 4: resources to support their citizens generally rank higher on the index, 108 00:06:36,960 --> 00:06:40,680 Speaker 4: and you know, emerging markets tend to fall lower on 109 00:06:41,120 --> 00:06:46,320 Speaker 4: the index. But again, the digital component and investing in 110 00:06:46,320 --> 00:06:50,240 Speaker 4: infrastructure to support digitization is really key, and those countries 111 00:06:50,279 --> 00:06:52,920 Speaker 4: doing that are making the most progress year over year. 112 00:06:52,960 --> 00:06:54,760 Speaker 2: I bet for women, I'm not sure if it's just 113 00:06:54,920 --> 00:06:57,200 Speaker 2: us or just kind of what generally your findings are women? 114 00:06:57,279 --> 00:07:00,400 Speaker 2: Do they feel more or less inclusive relative that maybe 115 00:07:00,680 --> 00:07:01,520 Speaker 2: the general population? 116 00:07:01,800 --> 00:07:05,960 Speaker 4: Sure, So the short answer to that is they feel 117 00:07:06,160 --> 00:07:11,480 Speaker 4: less included, they have less less confidence, and their perceptions 118 00:07:11,640 --> 00:07:17,920 Speaker 4: around money management and investing are are different than men. 119 00:07:18,480 --> 00:07:21,400 Speaker 4: This is there's recent research that principal did with her 120 00:07:21,480 --> 00:07:25,240 Speaker 4: money that just reaffirm that. I think there's very few 121 00:07:25,240 --> 00:07:28,520 Speaker 4: people that would say they wouldn't benefit from additional education 122 00:07:28,800 --> 00:07:33,880 Speaker 4: and advice, but in particular, women will significantly benefit. 123 00:07:33,880 --> 00:07:35,720 Speaker 2: Well, here's a good little story just from yesterday. I 124 00:07:35,720 --> 00:07:37,960 Speaker 2: had lunch with my twenty seven year old daughter. We 125 00:07:38,000 --> 00:07:41,760 Speaker 2: spent most of lunch talking about investing, like she would, 126 00:07:41,760 --> 00:07:44,400 Speaker 2: you know, and you know, she's got that Marcus savings 127 00:07:44,440 --> 00:07:45,600 Speaker 2: account and. 128 00:07:45,480 --> 00:07:46,800 Speaker 1: She's got a high interest rate there. 129 00:07:46,880 --> 00:07:48,720 Speaker 2: Yeah, she's got a high interest rate there. She's just 130 00:07:48,760 --> 00:07:50,600 Speaker 2: kind of asking a lot of questions about kind of 131 00:07:50,600 --> 00:07:52,680 Speaker 2: what to do, and you know that's great. Yeah, So 132 00:07:52,760 --> 00:07:53,160 Speaker 2: I was like. 133 00:07:53,440 --> 00:07:55,800 Speaker 4: Nice, and she's listening to da. 134 00:07:55,480 --> 00:07:59,960 Speaker 1: Exactly exactly exactly, probably has a head start compared to 135 00:08:00,080 --> 00:08:02,240 Speaker 1: most other women in the world, though, right, That is. 136 00:08:02,280 --> 00:08:05,000 Speaker 4: Very, very true, and that often is one of the 137 00:08:05,040 --> 00:08:09,000 Speaker 4: issues is just this overwhelming feeling of where to start. 138 00:08:09,080 --> 00:08:10,760 Speaker 4: They may you know, a lot of people don't have 139 00:08:10,800 --> 00:08:12,920 Speaker 4: a dad that can talk with them, you know, over 140 00:08:13,000 --> 00:08:16,320 Speaker 4: a meal to you know, answer those questions. And if 141 00:08:16,360 --> 00:08:19,320 Speaker 4: you do a search on whatever your browser of choices, 142 00:08:19,560 --> 00:08:22,960 Speaker 4: you know, the amount of information that is at someone's 143 00:08:23,000 --> 00:08:26,480 Speaker 4: fingertips doesn't make that process easier. 144 00:08:26,520 --> 00:08:28,560 Speaker 2: All right, Carols, thanks so much for joining us. Kiro 145 00:08:28,600 --> 00:08:31,480 Speaker 2: really appreciate it. Caro Hugginson, she's a senior vice president 146 00:08:31,560 --> 00:08:35,000 Speaker 2: and head of workplace benefits at the firm is principal 147 00:08:35,040 --> 00:08:37,040 Speaker 2: correct correct, Awesome. So we got it there. So we're 148 00:08:37,080 --> 00:08:39,959 Speaker 2: just talking about the financial inclusion. They've got a cool 149 00:08:40,000 --> 00:08:43,240 Speaker 2: index there that kind of measures that the US is 150 00:08:43,360 --> 00:08:43,840 Speaker 2: ranked num. 151 00:08:43,720 --> 00:08:45,880 Speaker 1: Beerfore, we got a little work to do there, folks. 152 00:08:45,960 --> 00:08:47,040 Speaker 1: Let's get out there and get it done. 153 00:08:47,160 --> 00:08:48,520 Speaker 2: This is Bloomberg. 154 00:08:49,720 --> 00:08:53,560 Speaker 5: You're listening to the Team Ken's live program Bloomberg Markets 155 00:08:53,600 --> 00:08:56,720 Speaker 5: weekdays at ten am Eastern on Bloomberg dot com, the 156 00:08:56,800 --> 00:08:59,880 Speaker 5: iHeartRadio app, and the Bloomberg Business app or listen on 157 00:09:00,040 --> 00:09:01,920 Speaker 5: a man wherever you get your podcast. 158 00:09:03,679 --> 00:09:06,360 Speaker 2: We got sun beating down on us right coming through 159 00:09:06,640 --> 00:09:08,400 Speaker 2: the window here at seven thirty one, like snab we 160 00:09:08,400 --> 00:09:10,800 Speaker 2: should use it. We should perfect time. What a great 161 00:09:11,520 --> 00:09:13,920 Speaker 2: solar panel. Let's put up a solar let's talk solar energy. 162 00:09:13,960 --> 00:09:16,840 Speaker 2: Abigail Ross Cooper joins us. She's a president and CEO 163 00:09:16,920 --> 00:09:20,360 Speaker 2: of the Solar Energy Industries Association s E. I A 164 00:09:20,640 --> 00:09:23,280 Speaker 2: for the folks in the note. Abigail, thanks for joining 165 00:09:23,360 --> 00:09:27,200 Speaker 2: us here talk to us about solar energy. I gotta 166 00:09:27,240 --> 00:09:30,800 Speaker 2: think it's a big beneficiary of the you know, the 167 00:09:32,200 --> 00:09:34,840 Speaker 2: looking at the green transition. Yeah, the green transition, the 168 00:09:34,840 --> 00:09:35,720 Speaker 2: inflation reduction. 169 00:09:35,960 --> 00:09:39,800 Speaker 1: Right, We've seen peaks and troughs in terms of investor interests, 170 00:09:39,840 --> 00:09:42,600 Speaker 1: but I'm sure the amount of panels out there just 171 00:09:42,679 --> 00:09:44,800 Speaker 1: continues to grow to record after record. 172 00:09:45,000 --> 00:09:48,080 Speaker 6: Yeah. I mean, first of all, it is hot right here. Yes, 173 00:09:48,760 --> 00:09:51,360 Speaker 6: so let's just have a moment. It's working, okay, if 174 00:09:51,360 --> 00:09:53,440 Speaker 6: anyone wonder, the technology. 175 00:09:52,880 --> 00:09:56,680 Speaker 1: Works, the sun works, Global warming feels real. 176 00:09:56,880 --> 00:10:00,200 Speaker 6: It's really real right now. Yeah, it is a ptty 177 00:10:00,200 --> 00:10:03,040 Speaker 6: exciting time to be in the solar industry. Our projections 178 00:10:03,200 --> 00:10:05,120 Speaker 6: tell us that this year our industry is going to 179 00:10:05,200 --> 00:10:08,040 Speaker 6: grow by about fifty two percent, which you were talking 180 00:10:08,040 --> 00:10:10,679 Speaker 6: about something growing in half as I was walking up here. 181 00:10:10,800 --> 00:10:13,800 Speaker 6: We're going to double, which is an exciting Uh, it's 182 00:10:13,800 --> 00:10:14,480 Speaker 6: it's pretty. 183 00:10:14,480 --> 00:10:17,240 Speaker 1: We were talking about thirty year treasuries. Yeah, typically a 184 00:10:17,320 --> 00:10:20,200 Speaker 1: very safe investment. Yeah, it's been a over the last. 185 00:10:20,000 --> 00:10:23,800 Speaker 6: Three not not so exciting. So, yeah, solar is gonna 186 00:10:23,920 --> 00:10:25,400 Speaker 6: uh the installations. 187 00:10:26,280 --> 00:10:30,400 Speaker 1: What the backlash that Paul has been talking about. You know, 188 00:10:30,400 --> 00:10:34,160 Speaker 1: it's become a very political issue ESG in general, the 189 00:10:34,280 --> 00:10:38,640 Speaker 1: pain transition obviously, and even though we probably see more 190 00:10:38,679 --> 00:10:42,320 Speaker 1: solar panels in Texas than anywhere else in the country, 191 00:10:42,800 --> 00:10:46,520 Speaker 1: you've had, especially those people down south, like really pushing 192 00:10:46,559 --> 00:10:47,520 Speaker 1: back against ESG. 193 00:10:47,640 --> 00:10:50,000 Speaker 6: Yeah. So that's why you're never going to hear those 194 00:10:50,080 --> 00:10:52,120 Speaker 6: letters or those come out of my mouth. But you 195 00:10:52,160 --> 00:10:53,520 Speaker 6: know what you are going to hear come out of 196 00:10:53,520 --> 00:10:57,040 Speaker 6: my mouth at lower prices. Yep, Because yes, it is 197 00:10:57,080 --> 00:11:00,319 Speaker 6: true that California is the state with the most solar 198 00:11:00,360 --> 00:11:00,800 Speaker 6: in the country. 199 00:11:00,880 --> 00:11:02,679 Speaker 1: Right now, California has more than Texas. 200 00:11:02,760 --> 00:11:06,040 Speaker 6: Texas and Florida are two and three, and over the 201 00:11:06,080 --> 00:11:08,480 Speaker 6: course of the next few years, it's really a race for 202 00:11:08,520 --> 00:11:10,640 Speaker 6: which one is going to be number one. Texas and 203 00:11:10,679 --> 00:11:13,719 Speaker 6: Florida are not known for their big d politics, right, 204 00:11:13,760 --> 00:11:15,960 Speaker 6: but what they are known for is wanting the lowest 205 00:11:16,000 --> 00:11:19,920 Speaker 6: energy prices and competitive energy markets. And so that's really 206 00:11:19,960 --> 00:11:22,040 Speaker 6: why people are going solar. And when I say people, 207 00:11:22,080 --> 00:11:25,199 Speaker 6: I shouldn't say people, I should say customers. And customers 208 00:11:25,200 --> 00:11:29,080 Speaker 6: are utilities, customers are corporations, and customers are homeowners, right, 209 00:11:29,440 --> 00:11:34,160 Speaker 6: apartment owners, warehouse owners, utilities, co ops, kind of anyone 210 00:11:34,200 --> 00:11:36,600 Speaker 6: that wants low energy prices, which is pretty much every 211 00:11:36,679 --> 00:11:39,360 Speaker 6: person and every company in the United States talk to. 212 00:11:39,400 --> 00:11:43,280 Speaker 2: Us about the efficiency of solar energy versus the other sources, 213 00:11:43,320 --> 00:11:45,880 Speaker 2: and sure, and kind of how that I guess maybe 214 00:11:45,920 --> 00:11:47,320 Speaker 2: the Eternal mind investment works. 215 00:11:47,400 --> 00:11:51,079 Speaker 6: Yeah, So so you sort of ask two different questions, 216 00:11:51,120 --> 00:11:54,400 Speaker 6: like breaking news, you guys, the sun does not shine 217 00:11:54,440 --> 00:11:57,680 Speaker 6: twenty four hours a day, okay, And so if your 218 00:11:57,920 --> 00:12:01,520 Speaker 6: only source of energy is you like unplug from the 219 00:12:01,600 --> 00:12:03,960 Speaker 6: grid and you do not have any kind of backup power, 220 00:12:04,920 --> 00:12:07,280 Speaker 6: not gonna have power twenty four hours a day. So 221 00:12:07,320 --> 00:12:10,080 Speaker 6: you have two choices. You can either not unplug from 222 00:12:10,120 --> 00:12:13,040 Speaker 6: the grid and rely on your electric distribution utility for 223 00:12:13,080 --> 00:12:14,760 Speaker 6: the other hours of the day, or you can have 224 00:12:14,800 --> 00:12:17,800 Speaker 6: a backup battery system, you can have some combination of those. 225 00:12:18,240 --> 00:12:21,200 Speaker 6: So we talk about the efficiency or sort of the 226 00:12:21,200 --> 00:12:24,760 Speaker 6: capacity factor of a solar system being about you know, 227 00:12:24,800 --> 00:12:27,679 Speaker 6: somewhere between twenty and thirty percent. But that's like a 228 00:12:27,800 --> 00:12:31,720 Speaker 6: known feature. That's not like shocking news. In terms of 229 00:12:31,760 --> 00:12:35,000 Speaker 6: your investment. There's it's a payback period right like it's 230 00:12:35,280 --> 00:12:37,360 Speaker 6: and it depends on what your energy prices are to 231 00:12:37,400 --> 00:12:39,360 Speaker 6: the payback period. In a high where are we now 232 00:12:39,440 --> 00:12:41,920 Speaker 6: New York, your energy prices are a tad bit higher 233 00:12:41,920 --> 00:12:45,640 Speaker 6: than Wyoming, right or then South Dakota, and so your 234 00:12:45,679 --> 00:12:48,120 Speaker 6: payback period is going to be shorter because your prices 235 00:12:48,160 --> 00:12:50,480 Speaker 6: are higher than in those places. So it might be 236 00:12:50,720 --> 00:12:54,319 Speaker 6: seven years here, it might be more years in a 237 00:12:54,640 --> 00:12:56,439 Speaker 6: lower cost place. It depends a. 238 00:12:56,360 --> 00:12:58,880 Speaker 1: Lot many years, is what the payback for you're talking about. 239 00:12:58,880 --> 00:13:01,160 Speaker 1: I guess the average family putting solar on that if you. 240 00:13:01,080 --> 00:13:04,360 Speaker 6: Put solar on your roof exactly, you know, lots of 241 00:13:04,520 --> 00:13:06,920 Speaker 6: lots of factors, but that's around ish. 242 00:13:07,120 --> 00:13:13,200 Speaker 1: But how power viewed versus wind nuclear gas. 243 00:13:13,120 --> 00:13:17,079 Speaker 6: So so interesting. You know, you can't actually put wind 244 00:13:17,280 --> 00:13:19,880 Speaker 6: usually on your home, and you can't have your personal 245 00:13:19,960 --> 00:13:20,560 Speaker 6: nuke power. 246 00:13:20,640 --> 00:13:23,280 Speaker 1: Right, So those you live in South Dakota. 247 00:13:24,000 --> 00:13:26,920 Speaker 6: True, True, and you asked the SMR guys, right, they're 248 00:13:26,920 --> 00:13:28,959 Speaker 6: going to tell you could have your own personal SMR. 249 00:13:30,080 --> 00:13:33,520 Speaker 6: But so so solar is unique in that you can 250 00:13:33,600 --> 00:13:35,840 Speaker 6: have your own like it's scalable in a way that 251 00:13:35,880 --> 00:13:38,640 Speaker 6: a lot of other technologies are not. But utilities, right, 252 00:13:38,679 --> 00:13:42,679 Speaker 6: they have a choice of different energy prices or energy technologies. 253 00:13:42,960 --> 00:13:47,240 Speaker 6: Solar is the number one, number one new energy source 254 00:13:47,640 --> 00:13:49,319 Speaker 6: in the country, and it has been for the last 255 00:13:49,360 --> 00:13:52,560 Speaker 6: few years. So utilities that are putting on RFPs for 256 00:13:52,640 --> 00:13:58,000 Speaker 6: new energy sources, oh sorry, requests for proposals. So they're saying, hey, 257 00:13:58,200 --> 00:14:01,280 Speaker 6: you know, we have new load, we have new customers, 258 00:14:01,360 --> 00:14:03,320 Speaker 6: we have new towns that are being built, we have 259 00:14:03,360 --> 00:14:06,440 Speaker 6: new subdivisions, we have new electric vehicles. Like we are, 260 00:14:06,480 --> 00:14:10,040 Speaker 6: we are retiring some assets. We need new capacity to 261 00:14:10,160 --> 00:14:13,000 Speaker 6: fuel our system. So we got we were putting out 262 00:14:13,000 --> 00:14:17,199 Speaker 6: a request of proposals to build some new electricity. So 263 00:14:17,280 --> 00:14:20,080 Speaker 6: who's the best option? And they'll get a whole bunch 264 00:14:20,080 --> 00:14:24,200 Speaker 6: of different proposals, and over and over they are choosing 265 00:14:24,800 --> 00:14:28,280 Speaker 6: solar and building solar because it's the lowest price and 266 00:14:28,360 --> 00:14:29,760 Speaker 6: it's making the most economic sense. 267 00:14:29,960 --> 00:14:32,600 Speaker 1: Also, I guess it's easier in places like South Dakota 268 00:14:32,720 --> 00:14:36,400 Speaker 1: or Texas right where there's just so much space. Right, 269 00:14:36,400 --> 00:14:41,240 Speaker 1: You're not going to build a solar farm in Westchester County, 270 00:14:41,280 --> 00:14:43,800 Speaker 1: for example, because everybody is like right next to the goodness, 271 00:14:43,800 --> 00:14:48,080 Speaker 1: the Princeton campus for Bloomberg has a massive solar arrangement 272 00:14:48,080 --> 00:14:51,960 Speaker 1: down there and everywhere. So does Dennis University's campus. Just 273 00:14:51,960 --> 00:14:52,880 Speaker 1: looking at it Grandvillow. 274 00:14:53,160 --> 00:14:55,360 Speaker 6: But but your version of massive. 275 00:14:56,680 --> 00:14:59,520 Speaker 1: That's you're exactly exactly So do you still see growth 276 00:14:59,520 --> 00:15:01,480 Speaker 1: in those big, massive solar farms. 277 00:15:02,120 --> 00:15:08,200 Speaker 6: Yes, So the massive version in the West is like, uh, 278 00:15:08,400 --> 00:15:11,400 Speaker 6: thousands of acres, thousands of acres. The massive version in 279 00:15:11,640 --> 00:15:14,680 Speaker 6: west is some acres. 280 00:15:14,400 --> 00:15:16,560 Speaker 2: All right, Abigail, thanks so much for joining us. Abigail 281 00:15:16,640 --> 00:15:18,560 Speaker 2: Ross Hooper Hopper, Hopper, hop hopper. 282 00:15:18,640 --> 00:15:18,960 Speaker 6: I got that. 283 00:15:19,000 --> 00:15:21,040 Speaker 2: I'm sorry, I have to p's a typo here, uh, 284 00:15:21,200 --> 00:15:25,240 Speaker 2: President and CEO of the Solar Energy Industries Association. Bring 285 00:15:25,240 --> 00:15:29,360 Speaker 2: this up to date here on the powers of solar energy. 286 00:15:29,360 --> 00:15:30,240 Speaker 2: We're gonna more coming up. 287 00:15:30,400 --> 00:15:31,440 Speaker 1: This is Bloomberg. 288 00:15:31,760 --> 00:15:34,880 Speaker 5: You're listening to the tape Cat's are Live program Bloomberg 289 00:15:34,960 --> 00:15:38,560 Speaker 5: Markets weekdays at ten am Eastern on Bloomberg Radio, the 290 00:15:38,600 --> 00:15:41,840 Speaker 5: tune in app, Bloomberg dot Com, and the Bloomberg Business App. 291 00:15:41,880 --> 00:15:44,680 Speaker 5: You can also listen live on Amazon Alexa from our 292 00:15:44,680 --> 00:15:49,760 Speaker 5: flagship New York station. Just say Alexa play Bloomberg eleven thirty. 293 00:15:50,680 --> 00:15:52,720 Speaker 2: Let's take the discussion of interest rates over to the 294 00:15:52,760 --> 00:15:55,320 Speaker 2: world of real estate. You can do that, Soma Hep, 295 00:15:55,720 --> 00:15:58,840 Speaker 2: chief economist at core Logic. She can talk about to 296 00:15:58,880 --> 00:16:02,560 Speaker 2: fed the rates and the real estate market in general. Selma, 297 00:16:02,560 --> 00:16:04,880 Speaker 2: thanks so much for joining us. I just popped up 298 00:16:04,880 --> 00:16:07,720 Speaker 2: on the Bloomberg terminal the Bank Greade thirty year fixed 299 00:16:07,800 --> 00:16:10,840 Speaker 2: mortgage seven point eight eight percent. 300 00:16:11,480 --> 00:16:11,760 Speaker 5: Wow. 301 00:16:11,800 --> 00:16:14,720 Speaker 2: What does that mean for the residential real estate market? 302 00:16:16,320 --> 00:16:20,880 Speaker 3: Yeah, I mean, unfortunately, housing market is really in a low. 303 00:16:21,440 --> 00:16:24,480 Speaker 3: We're sitting on a bottom in many ways. When look 304 00:16:24,520 --> 00:16:27,160 Speaker 3: at home sales activity, we're at the lowest that we've 305 00:16:27,160 --> 00:16:29,800 Speaker 3: been since at least going back to year two thousand 306 00:16:29,920 --> 00:16:34,040 Speaker 3: and what's even more sad is that we are lower 307 00:16:34,120 --> 00:16:36,640 Speaker 3: than we were coming out of the Great Recession for 308 00:16:36,720 --> 00:16:39,160 Speaker 3: the housing market, and that was a really low period 309 00:16:39,200 --> 00:16:42,760 Speaker 3: for the housing market. In terms of mortgage activity too, 310 00:16:43,320 --> 00:16:46,160 Speaker 3: we are at some forty year low, so we're really 311 00:16:46,240 --> 00:16:49,320 Speaker 3: sitting at this bottom right now, trying to figure our 312 00:16:49,440 --> 00:16:53,440 Speaker 3: way out. At least now in terms of home sales activity, 313 00:16:53,720 --> 00:16:55,960 Speaker 3: what seems to be a little bit of a saving 314 00:16:56,000 --> 00:16:58,640 Speaker 3: grace is that we do have a little bit more 315 00:16:58,800 --> 00:17:02,680 Speaker 3: of cash sales going on. So cash share has been 316 00:17:02,720 --> 00:17:05,800 Speaker 3: on a rise, and that's a function of you know, 317 00:17:05,800 --> 00:17:09,440 Speaker 3: baby boomers having more equid in their homes and also 318 00:17:09,480 --> 00:17:13,679 Speaker 3: to some extent more investors in the market, particularly smaller 319 00:17:13,680 --> 00:17:17,840 Speaker 3: investors in the market. Also in international buyers seem to 320 00:17:17,880 --> 00:17:20,960 Speaker 3: be back, so that's helping market a little bit. But 321 00:17:21,760 --> 00:17:25,800 Speaker 3: nothing to rave about this point. 322 00:17:26,680 --> 00:17:28,560 Speaker 2: Yeah, you know, it's I guess we go back and 323 00:17:28,560 --> 00:17:30,560 Speaker 2: look at the last thirty forty fifty years. A seven 324 00:17:30,560 --> 00:17:33,240 Speaker 2: percent mortgage market is not the craziest thing. We've seen 325 00:17:33,280 --> 00:17:36,040 Speaker 2: that many many times. But I guess the question here, 326 00:17:36,119 --> 00:17:38,160 Speaker 2: or the issue here for a lot of folks is, boy, 327 00:17:38,280 --> 00:17:41,760 Speaker 2: we moved up in mortgage rates from the really really quickly, 328 00:17:41,800 --> 00:17:44,040 Speaker 2: more than doubling, you know, in the space of a year. 329 00:17:44,080 --> 00:17:47,199 Speaker 2: That shock presumably will take some time for you know, 330 00:17:47,240 --> 00:17:48,359 Speaker 2: kind of the market to absorb. 331 00:17:48,400 --> 00:17:52,199 Speaker 3: I guess, yeah, absolutely, I think really for a lot 332 00:17:52,280 --> 00:17:55,040 Speaker 3: of buyers it is the shock. I mean affordability, like 333 00:17:55,080 --> 00:17:56,879 Speaker 3: I said, is at forty year low, but there are 334 00:17:56,920 --> 00:17:59,639 Speaker 3: buyers out there, and there are buyers now even at 335 00:17:59,680 --> 00:18:03,040 Speaker 3: the percent rate, you know, first time buyers for example, 336 00:18:03,119 --> 00:18:05,760 Speaker 3: So there are folks out that there. They are very interesting. 337 00:18:05,800 --> 00:18:08,159 Speaker 3: But you know, it's something we've talked a lot about before, 338 00:18:08,359 --> 00:18:11,800 Speaker 3: is lack of inventory. So it's not even just the 339 00:18:11,920 --> 00:18:14,720 Speaker 3: rates at this point, but you know, rates, higher rates 340 00:18:14,760 --> 00:18:19,200 Speaker 3: are locking in potential sellers. Inventories at the lowest level 341 00:18:19,240 --> 00:18:22,440 Speaker 3: we've seen historically, so really, you know, it's it's it's 342 00:18:22,440 --> 00:18:25,679 Speaker 3: a quagmire. It's it's we're just you know, there's nothing 343 00:18:25,760 --> 00:18:28,520 Speaker 3: it's something you know, at least we need to see 344 00:18:28,560 --> 00:18:33,000 Speaker 3: a lower mortgage rate at some point for something to change. 345 00:18:34,640 --> 00:18:37,479 Speaker 2: So you know, it's I kind of feel like the 346 00:18:37,520 --> 00:18:39,919 Speaker 2: next issue that somebody has to get a handle on 347 00:18:40,080 --> 00:18:42,080 Speaker 2: is what is the rate or is there a rate 348 00:18:42,600 --> 00:18:44,760 Speaker 2: that kind of frees up the market, clears out the 349 00:18:44,800 --> 00:18:48,880 Speaker 2: market that would make you know, it would be sellers say, okay, yes, 350 00:18:48,920 --> 00:18:50,959 Speaker 2: I'm getting out of my three or four percent mortgage, 351 00:18:50,960 --> 00:18:52,639 Speaker 2: but the rates are i don't know, five percent or 352 00:18:52,680 --> 00:18:55,840 Speaker 2: six percent, so it's not that bad. Do you guys 353 00:18:55,840 --> 00:18:58,040 Speaker 2: in the industry have a feeling like where interest rates 354 00:18:58,080 --> 00:19:00,600 Speaker 2: have to go down to before we start to see 355 00:19:00,600 --> 00:19:02,320 Speaker 2: some of these sellers come back into the market. 356 00:19:03,640 --> 00:19:06,520 Speaker 3: Yeah, I think if we get back to about six percent, 357 00:19:06,640 --> 00:19:09,800 Speaker 3: slightly below six percent, I mean that five handle is 358 00:19:09,920 --> 00:19:13,240 Speaker 3: very magical in many ways, but even at six percent, 359 00:19:13,280 --> 00:19:16,200 Speaker 3: I mean if you recall earlier this year when mortgage 360 00:19:16,240 --> 00:19:18,520 Speaker 3: rates came down to six point two six point three, 361 00:19:18,720 --> 00:19:21,240 Speaker 3: we had quite a bit of activity in a market 362 00:19:21,320 --> 00:19:25,000 Speaker 3: and even more and inven inventory was picking up to 363 00:19:25,040 --> 00:19:27,000 Speaker 3: some extent at that point. At this point we're just 364 00:19:27,040 --> 00:19:29,280 Speaker 3: seeing nothing, you know. So I think it would really 365 00:19:29,320 --> 00:19:30,880 Speaker 3: help to get richs down to six. 366 00:19:30,760 --> 00:19:35,959 Speaker 2: Percent because I guess one of the questions is the 367 00:19:36,000 --> 00:19:40,239 Speaker 2: new housing market give its just a sense of what percent? Like, 368 00:19:40,480 --> 00:19:42,520 Speaker 2: how big is a new housing market? Can that deal 369 00:19:42,960 --> 00:19:45,800 Speaker 2: with some of the demand out there? Where are we 370 00:19:46,000 --> 00:19:48,760 Speaker 2: like new housing as percentage of total housing in terms 371 00:19:48,800 --> 00:19:50,640 Speaker 2: of supply, right? 372 00:19:50,720 --> 00:19:55,600 Speaker 3: I mean it has been increasing, especially now as existing 373 00:19:56,280 --> 00:19:59,920 Speaker 3: home sales are frozen and inventory is frozen, So new 374 00:20:00,040 --> 00:20:02,520 Speaker 3: home sales is a share of total sales have been 375 00:20:02,560 --> 00:20:05,480 Speaker 3: on a rise historically. I think we've seen about eleven 376 00:20:05,520 --> 00:20:08,960 Speaker 3: percent of sales being new home sales. Now we are 377 00:20:09,000 --> 00:20:13,640 Speaker 3: closer to fifteen sixteen percent of home sales, new home 378 00:20:13,680 --> 00:20:18,000 Speaker 3: sales contributing to overall sales activity. Now, the issue too 379 00:20:18,160 --> 00:20:20,680 Speaker 3: at this point is that, you know, with mortgage atees 380 00:20:21,040 --> 00:20:24,520 Speaker 3: approaching eight percent, now that's freezing new home market as well. 381 00:20:25,080 --> 00:20:28,040 Speaker 3: And on the other hand, new home sales are really 382 00:20:28,119 --> 00:20:33,760 Speaker 3: concentrated in parts of the country where the inventory issues 383 00:20:33,920 --> 00:20:37,639 Speaker 3: are not as large. So, you know, so it's the 384 00:20:37,760 --> 00:20:41,120 Speaker 3: other parts of the country that continue to suffer as 385 00:20:41,160 --> 00:20:43,840 Speaker 3: a result of low inventory and higher mortgage rates. 386 00:20:45,760 --> 00:20:47,600 Speaker 2: Yeah, because it seems like here in the Greater Metro 387 00:20:47,640 --> 00:20:50,600 Speaker 2: area during the pandemic, we had a great exodus of 388 00:20:50,720 --> 00:20:53,720 Speaker 2: people for you know, states like Texas and Florida and 389 00:20:53,720 --> 00:20:56,960 Speaker 2: some of the other maybe Sun belt states. Is a 390 00:20:57,000 --> 00:21:00,000 Speaker 2: supplied demand imbalance even more pronounced than some of the 391 00:21:00,000 --> 00:21:03,880 Speaker 2: those faster growth market or are the new home builders 392 00:21:03,960 --> 00:21:05,800 Speaker 2: kind of trying they're there meeting that demand? 393 00:21:06,920 --> 00:21:09,359 Speaker 3: Well, I think they're ramping up. I'm not sure that 394 00:21:09,359 --> 00:21:13,040 Speaker 3: they're necessarily meeting demand just simply given how many people 395 00:21:13,080 --> 00:21:16,840 Speaker 3: are moving to those areas, but they're ramping up, and 396 00:21:16,960 --> 00:21:19,800 Speaker 3: they are, you know, trying to And you know, one 397 00:21:19,840 --> 00:21:22,560 Speaker 3: thing to keep in mind is that's it's less restrictive 398 00:21:22,600 --> 00:21:25,720 Speaker 3: to building those areas and less costly, so they are 399 00:21:25,920 --> 00:21:30,480 Speaker 3: in a sense providing that more affordable inventory and smaller 400 00:21:30,520 --> 00:21:35,160 Speaker 3: homes and all these features that the incoming buyers are 401 00:21:35,160 --> 00:21:38,919 Speaker 3: looking to looking for. So that is helping the market. 402 00:21:38,920 --> 00:21:42,840 Speaker 3: But again I think overall, you know, we're still severely undersupplied. 403 00:21:43,000 --> 00:21:46,920 Speaker 3: If you look at the existing homes for sale right 404 00:21:46,960 --> 00:21:50,480 Speaker 3: for example, we are now at about a million, you know, 405 00:21:50,480 --> 00:21:52,639 Speaker 3: it depends on a month. But to get in a 406 00:21:52,680 --> 00:21:55,000 Speaker 3: more balanced market, we would need at least double that, 407 00:21:55,080 --> 00:21:58,600 Speaker 3: at least one point eight million. Same thing for new 408 00:21:58,600 --> 00:22:02,760 Speaker 3: home sales. I mean new homes are now below below 409 00:22:03,480 --> 00:22:05,800 Speaker 3: about seven hundred thousand. I want to say we would 410 00:22:05,800 --> 00:22:08,560 Speaker 3: need to at least increase that by fifty percent to 411 00:22:08,680 --> 00:22:13,000 Speaker 3: get some relief in terms of pressure on home prices 412 00:22:13,080 --> 00:22:18,600 Speaker 3: and overall affordability and just just better, better balanced housing market. 413 00:22:20,440 --> 00:22:22,560 Speaker 2: All right, So let's let let's say I'm able to 414 00:22:22,880 --> 00:22:26,560 Speaker 2: stomach the seven to eight thirty year fixed mortgage. If 415 00:22:26,560 --> 00:22:29,000 Speaker 2: I go into my bank or my mortgage worker, can. 416 00:22:28,960 --> 00:22:30,000 Speaker 3: I get a loan? Here? 417 00:22:30,040 --> 00:22:32,720 Speaker 2: Can I get a mortgage? Well? 418 00:22:32,760 --> 00:22:35,200 Speaker 3: I think so, I mean, I think the lenders are 419 00:22:35,240 --> 00:22:38,359 Speaker 3: really trying to get buyers in. At this point, given 420 00:22:38,520 --> 00:22:41,399 Speaker 3: just how many have fallen out with higher mortgage rates, 421 00:22:41,600 --> 00:22:46,400 Speaker 3: it sounds like income qualifying incomes are now an issue 422 00:22:46,440 --> 00:22:49,399 Speaker 3: because of debt to income ratio, given how much higher 423 00:22:49,400 --> 00:22:52,520 Speaker 3: the mortgage rates are. But I mean, you know, lenders 424 00:22:52,600 --> 00:22:57,600 Speaker 3: are being innovative. They are trying to find ways to 425 00:22:57,680 --> 00:23:00,680 Speaker 3: qualify folks, you know, and for sample, in a new 426 00:23:00,680 --> 00:23:04,359 Speaker 3: home market, there is still a lot of homebuilders and 427 00:23:04,960 --> 00:23:08,879 Speaker 3: developers that are offering mortgage rate buydown programs, which is 428 00:23:08,960 --> 00:23:11,640 Speaker 3: helping with that affordability at least in the first couple 429 00:23:11,680 --> 00:23:12,960 Speaker 3: of years of home ownership. 430 00:23:15,080 --> 00:23:18,000 Speaker 2: All Right, So I guess talk to us about the 431 00:23:18,000 --> 00:23:21,040 Speaker 2: rental market then, I mean, if I decide I can't 432 00:23:21,240 --> 00:23:23,720 Speaker 2: really stomach of seven or eight percent mortgage, I got 433 00:23:23,760 --> 00:23:25,879 Speaker 2: to continue to rent or go out and rent versus 434 00:23:25,920 --> 00:23:29,600 Speaker 2: buy is what we see in the rental market, right. 435 00:23:29,640 --> 00:23:31,720 Speaker 3: I mean, there's two different stores in a rental market. 436 00:23:31,720 --> 00:23:33,919 Speaker 3: There is a single family rental market and there is 437 00:23:33,920 --> 00:23:36,200 Speaker 3: a multi family rental market. And we've seen quite a 438 00:23:36,240 --> 00:23:39,919 Speaker 3: bit of a new construction going on in multifamily on 439 00:23:39,960 --> 00:23:44,200 Speaker 3: a multi family side, which is putting pressure lower on 440 00:23:44,760 --> 00:23:48,000 Speaker 3: rent increases. And in some markets we have now at 441 00:23:48,040 --> 00:23:51,280 Speaker 3: this point seen decline in rents, especially in these markets 442 00:23:51,280 --> 00:23:55,560 Speaker 3: that were really high growth, high rent growth during the pandemic. 443 00:23:55,640 --> 00:23:59,120 Speaker 3: You know, think of Austin, Phoenix, Vegas. Uh, this is 444 00:23:59,160 --> 00:24:02,480 Speaker 3: really Miami for example. This is really high growth markets 445 00:24:02,520 --> 00:24:05,000 Speaker 3: during the pandemic. But on a single family side, we 446 00:24:05,080 --> 00:24:09,760 Speaker 3: are seeing rents plateau, rent growth at least plateau. And 447 00:24:09,880 --> 00:24:12,359 Speaker 3: actually the markets where we are seeing a lot of 448 00:24:12,960 --> 00:24:16,199 Speaker 3: increases in rent or relatively higher increase in rent growth. 449 00:24:16,480 --> 00:24:20,160 Speaker 3: Are these Midwest more affordable you know, sort of easy 450 00:24:20,200 --> 00:24:23,520 Speaker 3: as it goes kind of markets seeing loos for example, 451 00:24:23,600 --> 00:24:28,119 Speaker 3: tops are lists, you know, so it's it's different dynamics 452 00:24:28,160 --> 00:24:31,760 Speaker 3: going on, but people definitely who cannot afford our pivoting 453 00:24:31,800 --> 00:24:33,720 Speaker 3: to single family rental markets. 454 00:24:35,320 --> 00:24:37,199 Speaker 2: Hey Sam, thank you, thanks so much for joining us. 455 00:24:37,200 --> 00:24:40,600 Speaker 2: Really appreciate it. Soma Help, chief economist at Core Longa 456 00:24:40,600 --> 00:24:41,840 Speaker 2: talking about the real estate business. 457 00:24:42,160 --> 00:24:45,280 Speaker 1: Thanks for listening to the Bloomberg Markets podcast. You can 458 00:24:45,320 --> 00:24:49,080 Speaker 1: subscribe and listen to interviews at Apple Podcasts or whatever 459 00:24:49,160 --> 00:24:52,880 Speaker 1: podcast platform you prefer. I'm Matt Miller. I'm on Twitter 460 00:24:53,080 --> 00:24:56,320 Speaker 1: at Matt Miller nineteen seventy three and on Faul Sweeney. 461 00:24:56,359 --> 00:24:59,000 Speaker 2: I'm on Twitter at pt Sweeney. Before the podcast, you 462 00:24:59,000 --> 00:25:02,400 Speaker 2: can always catch us worldwide at Bloomberg Radio