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Speaker 1: Happy Saturday. It is October one, the start of the

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Speaker 1: best month of the year. So today's Saturday Classic Pulse

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Speaker 1: from our previous October episodes, it is the Hagley Woods Murder,

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Speaker 1: which we covered on Halloween. Of this murder inspired graffiti

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Speaker 1: that continues to appear today with variations on the question

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Speaker 1: who put Bella in the witch Ell? An update that

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Speaker 1: I don't actually think has made it into an installment

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Speaker 1: of Unearthed in Professor Caroline Wilkinson and Sarah Shrimpton from

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Speaker 1: Face Lab Liverpool, John Warris University used photos of the

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Speaker 1: skeletal remains of this person who has become known as

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Speaker 1: Bella to create a reconstruction of what she may have

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Speaker 1: looked like. That reconstruction has appeared in various books and

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Speaker 1: TV shows, but the mystery of what happened to this

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Speaker 1: person remains unsolved. So enjoy this story. Welcome to Stuff

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Speaker 1: You Missed in History Class, a production of I Heart Radio. Hello,

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Speaker 1: and welcome to the podcast. I'm Holly Fry and I'm

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Speaker 1: Tray Wilson. And it's Halloween, Tracy Paray. It's the best

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Speaker 1: day of the year. Uh And today to celebrate Halloween,

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Speaker 1: we're going to talk about a history mystery. It's got everything.

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Speaker 1: It's got a mystery, a mystery body, it's got witches,

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Speaker 1: it's got espionage, it's got everything, and it's never been solved.

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Speaker 1: Though as we get to the end of the episode,

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Speaker 1: we're gonna get into some interesting math that tries to

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Speaker 1: sort out the situation. But I don't want to spoil

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Speaker 1: any of that, so let's just hop right in. So

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Speaker 1: in the nineteen four Days, a grizzly discovery was made

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Speaker 1: in a tree in Worcestershire, England, on April eighteenth of

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Speaker 1: ninety four teenage boys were looking for birds nests and

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Speaker 1: they sent the best climber up an elm tree. In

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Speaker 1: the hollow of the tree, he did not find a

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Speaker 1: bird's nest. He found a skull. Initially he thought it

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Speaker 1: might be an animal skull, but when he pulled it

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Speaker 1: from its place in the tree, he realized no, it

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Speaker 1: was a human skull. And there was also a little

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Speaker 1: bit of decomposing flesh still attached to the skull, as

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Speaker 1: well as a patch of hair, and this skull had

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Speaker 1: distinctive teeth, they were crooked, and there was sort of

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Speaker 1: what looked what looks a pictures like almost a pronounced overbite,

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Speaker 1: but also some lower jaw um deformation. The boys, whose

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Speaker 1: names were Robert Hart, Thomas Willett's, Bob Farmer, and Fred Payne,

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Speaker 1: were terrified. They were also really worried that they were

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Speaker 1: going to get in trouble because they had been trespassing

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Speaker 1: in Hagley Woods. This estate, which was near Birmingham, was private.

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Speaker 1: They had no permission to be in there looking for nests.

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Speaker 1: They had also been hunting rabbits, so they'd basically been poaching,

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Speaker 1: and they had been doing all of that that day

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Speaker 1: with no permission. So the boys promised each other that

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Speaker 1: they would keep it a secret. They put the skull

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Speaker 1: back in its spot in the tree and then they left.

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Speaker 1: But the youngest boy of that group, Tommy Willitts, did

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Speaker 1: not in fact keep their secret. He was really deeply

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Speaker 1: upset by the discovery, and he eventually confessed his troubles

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Speaker 1: to his father, and his father immediately contacted police, and

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Speaker 1: of course an investigation began. When the police examined this

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Speaker 1: elm tree, they found not only the skull, but also

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Speaker 1: additional remains, including the majority of the skeleton. There were

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Speaker 1: also pieces of clothing, a wedding band and a single

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Speaker 1: shoe with a crape sole. The skeletal remains of one

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Speaker 1: of the body's hands were also found buried near the tree.

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Speaker 1: Examination of the remains by a pathologist concluded that the

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Speaker 1: skeleton was a woman who had been between thirty five

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Speaker 1: and forty when she died. She was five ft or

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Speaker 1: one point five meters tall, brunette, and had probably given

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Speaker 1: birth at some point. Another man involved in the investigation

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Speaker 1: was forensic biologist Dr John Lund, who, at the age

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Speaker 1: of one hundred and one, told the BBC radio show

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Speaker 1: Punt p I about his examination of the remains. That

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Speaker 1: interview happened in twenty fifteen, so he had been working

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Speaker 1: under James Webster at the West Midlands Forensic Science Laboratory

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Speaker 1: and he kept notes on the case. The body arrived

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Speaker 1: at his lab on April, two days after it had

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Speaker 1: been discovered. The bones had absolutely no remaining flesh. The

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Speaker 1: hair that was attached to the skull was quite fragile,

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Speaker 1: but he determined that it had not been chemically treated

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Speaker 1: with color or any kind of curling solution, and the woman,

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Speaker 1: Webster in Land concluded had been asphyxiated by a piece

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Speaker 1: of tafoda that had been shoved in her throat. Additionally,

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Speaker 1: it was believed that the body had been hidden in

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Speaker 1: the tree while it was still warm, feet first, and

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Speaker 1: that it had been there for about a year and

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Speaker 1: a half, placing her death somewhere around October of nineteen

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Speaker 1: forty one. Efforts started immediately to try to identify what

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Speaker 1: appeared to be the victim of a murder. Missing persons

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Speaker 1: reports were called through for anybody who might line up

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Speaker 1: with this mystery discovery. There were detailed descriptions of what

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Speaker 1: she had probably been wearing based on what Webster had

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Speaker 1: been able to extrapolate from this shoe and the clothing

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Speaker 1: remains that had been collected. That there was a whole

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Speaker 1: reference through the dental records with dentists from all around

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Speaker 1: Great Britain, but because of the war, missing persons records

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Speaker 1: were something of a mess at this point, but even so,

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Speaker 1: all known listings were reviewed for a possible connection, literally

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Speaker 1: thousands and thousands of records, but nothing matched. No results

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Speaker 1: with dental dental records either. Despite the fact that she

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Speaker 1: had some unique features, including that jaw deformity and a

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Speaker 1: recently pulled tooth that had been pulled shortly before she

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Speaker 1: had died, and they really cast a wide net by

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Speaker 1: placing this information in dental journals, hoping that they would

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Speaker 1: find a dentist that recognize any of this information. But

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Speaker 1: the case went cold. A small clue finally came from

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Speaker 1: a man who had been working in management in one

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Speaker 1: of the area's industrial companies. He had reported to police

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Speaker 1: in July ninety one he was walking to his home

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Speaker 1: near Hagleywood and he heard a scream. Another person, a teacher,

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Speaker 1: who was also on a path but coming in the

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Speaker 1: opposite direction, had confirmed that he too had heard this screaming,

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Speaker 1: and police were called to the scene at the time

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Speaker 1: that these two men heard the scream, which would have

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Speaker 1: been close enough to the October death estimate to have

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Speaker 1: been a possible connection to the murder. But police in

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Speaker 1: nineteen forty one found nothing where the two men had

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Speaker 1: heard the woman screaming, and they found nothing when they

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Speaker 1: revisited the scene in nineteen forty three after reviewing that

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Speaker 1: ninety one report. Just as the case seemed to be

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Speaker 1: running entirely cold, in December of nineteen forty three, odd

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Speaker 1: graffiti started popping up in the area. Scrawled in various

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Speaker 1: places were the words who put Bella down the witch elm?

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Speaker 1: There were actually a lot of variant variations on the phrase,

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Speaker 1: including who put Luebella down the witch elm? And who

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Speaker 1: put Bella in the witch elm? There were also some

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Speaker 1: more instances of graffiti that's strayed from this question format

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Speaker 1: and said things more like hagleywood Bella. And as a

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Speaker 1: point of note, as we say this, we're not saying

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Speaker 1: which here, uh in the sense you might be thinking,

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Speaker 1: what with this being Halloween, when we say witch elm,

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Speaker 1: the spelling is w y c H. That's a tree

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Speaker 1: also known as a Scotts elm. However, uh, In several

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Speaker 1: things that I read, there were people that were adamant

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Speaker 1: that this was in fact not a witch elm, but

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Speaker 1: another type of elm that's often mistaken for one. Just

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Speaker 1: wanted to include that in the interest of horticultural history

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Speaker 1: and to clarify that it is not which is in

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Speaker 1: the halloween e sense at this point it is creepy though, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: even without that spelling difference, still creepy. These graffiti messages

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Speaker 1: appeared to be the work of a single person. They

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Speaker 1: were all written in the same type of chalk and

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Speaker 1: block letters, uh, And it was considered that they maybe

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Speaker 1: were just somebody trying to play a prank, But there

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Speaker 1: had been no leads in the case that had actually

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Speaker 1: panned out up to that point. So these bizarre missives

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Speaker 1: opened up two new lines of investigation. Number one, was

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Speaker 1: there really someone named Bella who might be involved in

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Speaker 1: this body that had been found in Hagley Woods? And

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Speaker 1: number two, who was the artist behind the graffiti? And

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Speaker 1: did they actually know something about the murder? But nothing,

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Speaker 1: not the name Bella, not the dental records, not the

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Speaker 1: hunt for the graffiti artists, seemed to lead to any

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Speaker 1: actual information. This woman seemed to be entirely untraceable, and

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Speaker 1: as the months dragged into years, all kinds of other

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Speaker 1: theories started to pop up about the identity of this

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Speaker 1: woman in the tree. And before we get to those

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Speaker 1: theories that started popping up in an effort to explain

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Speaker 1: the skeleton in Hagley Woods, let's take a brief break

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Speaker 1: and we'll how of a word from one of our sponsors.

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Speaker 1: So we promised you a little witchiness at the beginning,

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Speaker 1: in the actual which sense, not in the W Y

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Speaker 1: C H three sense. So we're getting there, Professor Margaret

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Speaker 1: Murray of University College London, who was an anthropologist, egyptologist,

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Speaker 1: archaeologist and folklorist, put forth the theory that Bella, as

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Speaker 1: she had at that point become known thanks to that graffiti,

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Speaker 1: had been the victim of a ritualistic occult murder. Murray's

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Speaker 1: evidence to support this theory was the fact that the

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Speaker 1: handbones had been found away from the body, and she

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Speaker 1: believed that the ceremony that had claimed Bella's life, which

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Speaker 1: is one which is called the hand of glory in

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Speaker 1: which the hand cut from the victim could be used

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Speaker 1: for divining or protection as part of the practice of witchcraft.

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Speaker 1: And the sensational nature of this idea really took hold

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Speaker 1: in both the press and the public imagination surminds me

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Speaker 1: of the satanic ritual abuse panic. It is absolutely the

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Speaker 1: same thing that that was not really founded in reality.

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Speaker 1: So when another murder victim was discovered in a neighboring village,

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Speaker 1: this when a man who was pinned to the ground

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Speaker 1: with a pitchfork, people started linking the two deaths, even

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Speaker 1: though it had been two years between the two. Scotland Yard,

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Speaker 1: who was spurred on by Margaret Murray, started investigating this

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Speaker 1: witchcraft angle because there had been no other new leads

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Speaker 1: in the case, and as with all the other leads

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Speaker 1: got them nowhere had no real information that was gathered

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Speaker 1: as a result of Murray's theories. And as a side note,

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Speaker 1: While Margaret Murray was famous for a time in the

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Speaker 1: early twentieth century as an expert and I should put

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Speaker 1: that in the air quotes on witchcraft, most of her

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Speaker 1: writings on the subject were controversial at the time, and

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Speaker 1: they were eventually debunked and she was largely discredited. She's

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Speaker 1: actually on my short list for an episode all her own.

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Speaker 1: But she was basically kind of making stuff up. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: the first time I read through this outline, I got

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Speaker 1: to this description of her purported satanic not satanic, but

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Speaker 1: like her purported ritualistic occult murderer, and I was like, really, yeah, really,

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Speaker 1: actual anthropologist for real? Did you did you just make

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Speaker 1: this up? Like? What? Really? You know? She used logic

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Speaker 1: that made sense to her, but I don't know that

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Speaker 1: she was kind of fabricating these in an effort to

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Speaker 1: be um, to be misleading or sensationalist. I think she

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Speaker 1: might have believed them, but I will do more research

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Speaker 1: on her. Perhaps in the future. Maybe that will be

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Speaker 1: in October episode next year. I maybe can't wait till then,

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Speaker 1: But what's that's cool too then? So ten years after

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Speaker 1: that initial grizzly discovery in the tree, there was another

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Speaker 1: possibility that came to light. This time, a woman going

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Speaker 1: by the named Anna from Cleverley contacted the Press a letter.

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Speaker 1: She was responding to a series of articles that had

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Speaker 1: been written in nineteen fifty three about the murder, saying

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Speaker 1: she knew who had killed Bella. Anna's claim was that

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Speaker 1: Bella had in fact been part of an espionage play

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Speaker 1: gone wrong, and the letter read, finish your articles regarding

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Speaker 1: the witch Elm crime. By all means, they are interesting

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Speaker 1: to your readers, but you will never solve the mystery.

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Speaker 1: The one person who could give the answer is now

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Speaker 1: beyond the jurisdiction of earthly courts. Much as I hate

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Speaker 1: having to use a nomba plume, I think you would

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Speaker 1: appreciate it if you know me. The only clues I

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Speaker 1: can give you are that the person responsible for the

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Speaker 1: crime died insane in nineteen forty two, and that the

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Speaker 1: victim was Dutch and arrived illegally in England about nineteen

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Speaker 1: forty one. I have no wish to recall anymore. Anna's

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Speaker 1: story cast Bella as a Dutch woman who was passing

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Speaker 1: information from a British officer to a trapeze artist who

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Speaker 1: appeared in local theatrical product. That trapeze artist would then

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Speaker 1: pass that intel onto the Germans. Bella in the story

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Speaker 1: had become too knowledgeable about this chain of of information,

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Speaker 1: and she was killed because of that knowledge, and then

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Speaker 1: her body was taken to Hagleywood's where it was hidden

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Speaker 1: in the tree. Of course, this fleshing out of the

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Speaker 1: story passed. That initial letter came because uh, the police

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Speaker 1: got involved. Of course, once the press got this letter

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Speaker 1: h and they questioned her because the area around Worcestershire

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Speaker 1: was home to a number of munitions factories during World

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Speaker 1: War Two. It had been scrutinized by the Nazis for

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Speaker 1: information during the war. It had also been a target,

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Speaker 1: so authorities did pursue this new German spy ring angle

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Speaker 1: with some level of vigor. Some aspects of Anna's story

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Speaker 1: checked out. There had been a British man connected to

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Speaker 1: a German spy ring in the area, but he had

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Speaker 1: died in Stafford Mental Hospital in ninety two, and as

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Speaker 1: it turned out, that man was related to Anna. Anna's

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Speaker 1: real name was Una massip Una had, she told police,

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Speaker 1: been married to Jack Mossa and he had confessed the

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Speaker 1: murder to her before his death. It was her understanding

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Speaker 1: that he, along with a dutch Man named Van Raalt

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Speaker 1: who was also involved, meant to scare this woman by

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Speaker 1: leaving her in the tree when she was passed out

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Speaker 1: because she was inebriated. They did not actually intend to

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Speaker 1: kill her. Yeah. The idea was that she would wake

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Speaker 1: up stuck in this tree and see the error of

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Speaker 1: her ways and being foolish, uh, and would straighten up

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Speaker 1: an act right. The police were unable to locate this

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Speaker 1: Venrault character, and it appears that they sort of abandoned

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Speaker 1: the trail there. Years later, however, another woman named Judith

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Speaker 1: O'Donovan told police and investigators that she was Jack mossa

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Speaker 1: sort of distant cousin. I think her he might have

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Speaker 1: been her husband's cousin, and that their entire family basically

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Speaker 1: knew that Jack had been a trader and that he

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Speaker 1: had been connected to a woman's death. So it sort

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Speaker 1: of supported this spirring idea. Uh. And the fact that

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Speaker 1: he may have been connected to the woman in the

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Speaker 1: witch Holm. Another decade passed before another theory emerged, and

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Speaker 1: this one kind of combined the previous two notions. In

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Speaker 1: nineteen sixty eight, a book called Murder by Witchcraft was published,

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Speaker 1: written by David McCormick, and McCormick penned an explanatory narrative

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Speaker 1: in which the woman from the Tree had been a

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Speaker 1: Nazi spy named Clara Bella, who was also an occultists.

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Speaker 1: According to McCormick, who said that he had been able

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Speaker 1: to look at German intelligence reports that listed the woman

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Speaker 1: by her code name, she was called Clara. His assertion

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Speaker 1: was that the Bella and the graffiti was referencing Clara Bella.

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Speaker 1: McCormick's book indicated that Clara had been sent into the

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Speaker 1: County of West Midlands by parachute in nineteen forty one,

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Speaker 1: but that she was never heard from again. Of course,

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Speaker 1: these roads all proved to be fruitless, just like all

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Speaker 1: the others had in terms of churning up any real

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Speaker 1: information on the case at the time. Three full decades

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Speaker 1: after McCormick's book was least, the case of Bella's identity

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Speaker 1: once again gained attention, and at this time pieces the

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Speaker 1: puzzle started to come together in the minds of interested parties.

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Speaker 1: For one, when the case closed, which was actually in

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Speaker 1: two thousand five, h the case file was published and

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Speaker 1: in it there was a mention of a search for

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Speaker 1: Bella's body to be exhumed so that DNA evidence could

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Speaker 1: be gathered, because that would certainly be helpful. But that

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Speaker 1: search was for her body was unsuccessful. It turns out

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Speaker 1: that this failure to find her body was in part

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Speaker 1: because they had been looking in completely the wrong location.

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Speaker 1: It had been presumed that Bella had been buried locally,

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Speaker 1: but in fact her remains had gone to the University

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Speaker 1: of Birmingham, to a colleague of the original pathologist in

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Speaker 1: the case, for additional testing, and that was a detail

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Speaker 1: that had sort of been lost in the sixties, some

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Speaker 1: years since the case had been active before it was

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Speaker 1: closed in two thousand five, and unfortunately, the skeletal remains

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Speaker 1: disappeared from the university's records and their lab lost forever

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Speaker 1: to time. Any records from the University of Birmingham about

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Speaker 1: any testing that was done on those remains have also vanished.

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Speaker 1: This has led to some speculation of a cover up,

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Speaker 1: but it could also just be really terrible bookkeeping. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I'm gonna hold out hope that one day it will

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Speaker 1: be one of those. Look what we found in our

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Speaker 1: own collection of human remains that nobody correctly. And the

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Speaker 1: thing to keep in mind too, um, and I know

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Speaker 1: this from my years working in the library, is that

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Speaker 1: there were things that happened during more time that really

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Speaker 1: messed up record keeping. You know. It wasn't necessarily that

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Speaker 1: people were lazy or trying to cover anything up. There

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Speaker 1: was just there were times when an air raid would

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Speaker 1: happen and everything would be shuffled around and stuff got lost. Yeah. Well,

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Speaker 1: and even if you are really careful, human beings still

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Speaker 1: make errors. And if you have a gigantic and are

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Speaker 1: still accurate, that's a bunch of errors. Anyway, coming up,

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Speaker 1: we're going to talk about an m I five file

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Speaker 1: that might actually give some weight to the narrative is

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Speaker 1: that McCormick had had reconstructed. But first we're going to

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Speaker 1: take a quick break for a word from one of

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Speaker 1: our awesome sponsors. So another bit of information that also

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Speaker 1: shed light on this possibility that McCormick's theory had some

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Speaker 1: truth to it a declassified file in the British National

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Speaker 1: Archives on Gestapo agent Joseph Jacobs, who was an inexperienced,

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Speaker 1: undertrained agent that was sent to gather information on weather

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Speaker 1: patterns in the London area. Jacobs had parachuted into Cambridgeshire

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Speaker 1: in broken his ankle in the drop and was arrested

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Speaker 1: by the Home Guard, which was a World War two

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Speaker 1: defense organization that was part of the British Army. One

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Speaker 1: of the items that Jacobs was carrying when the Home

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Speaker 1: Guard apprehended him was a photograph. That photo was a

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Speaker 1: picture of a woman named Clara Bowerley, a singer and

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Speaker 1: film actress that Jacob said was also his paramore. He

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Speaker 1: also told his caw apters that Clara Bowerley was a

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Speaker 1: Nazi secret agent and was supposed to parachute into West Midlands,

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Speaker 1: that the two of them were supposed to have made contact.

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Speaker 1: Jacobs was executed by firing squad in the late summer

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Speaker 1: of nineteen forty one, and this turned out to be

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Speaker 1: the last execution at the Tower of London. UH He

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Speaker 1: could also easily be an episode subject on his own.

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Speaker 1: These m I five records on Jacobs included an investigation

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Speaker 1: of Bauerley. She was born in nineteen o six, meaning

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Speaker 1: that in nineteen forty one she would have been thirty five,

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Speaker 1: which was the right age to pit the pathology report

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Speaker 1: of the witch Elm victim. And she did work in

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Speaker 1: music halls in the West Midland area for two years

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Speaker 1: before World War two began, and she learned to speak

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Speaker 1: English with no trace of a German accent. When the

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Speaker 1: woman who had been calling herself Anna contacted the police

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Speaker 1: in the nineteen fifties claiming to have knowledge of the crime,

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Speaker 1: she had mentioned a music hall in the information that

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Speaker 1: she gave to the police. And while this might seem

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Speaker 1: to tidily wrap up the identity of Bella quite nicely,

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Speaker 1: because the pieces do seem to fit together, uh, Joseph

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Speaker 1: Jacobs's granddaughter, who has long examined the details of her

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Speaker 1: grandfather's life, actually obtained a death certificate for Clara Bauerley,

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Speaker 1: indicating that in fact, she died in Berlin in December

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Speaker 1: ninety two of aronal poisoning. I eat not stuffed into

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Speaker 1: a tree in England. Of course, gossip turned up a

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Speaker 1: huge variety of other possibilities about Bella's identity. She might

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Speaker 1: have taken shelter in the tree during an air raid

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Speaker 1: and gotten stuck. She might have been murdered by a

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Speaker 1: lover and clumsily hidden in the tree. She may have

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Speaker 1: been a traveler or a romani who was killed out

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Speaker 1: of mere suspicion. And there was even a lead that,

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Speaker 1: at least in terms of plausibility, seems fairly valid. So

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Speaker 1: on April seven of nineteen forty four, a sex worker

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Speaker 1: from Birmingham told police that a woman that she knew

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Speaker 1: had gone missing on Hagley Road or in that area

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Speaker 1: three years earlier, and that woman's name was Bella. If

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Speaker 1: this information garnered follow up from the police, it does

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00:21:01,960 --> 00:21:06,600
Speaker 1: not appear to have gotten much traction. Incidentally, this whole

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Speaker 1: graffiti of who put Bella in the witch Elm has

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Speaker 1: continued in the seven decades since the murder was discovered.

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Speaker 1: There's an obelisk in Hagley Park called the Witchbury Obelisk,

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Speaker 1: and it's been the most frequently tagged location since the

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Speaker 1: nineteen seventies. Presumably at this point it's kids trying to

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Speaker 1: be spooky, and the spelling has changed from w y

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Speaker 1: c H to w i t c H. It's definitely

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Speaker 1: not somebody trying to communicate a kind of clue about

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Speaker 1: the unsolved murder case. At this point, it is like

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Speaker 1: was here but exactly, And it's very possible that it

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Speaker 1: never was anything that people pulling pranks, but we just

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Speaker 1: don't know, uh In. A statistical analysis of all of

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Speaker 1: the known data in the Hagleywood's murder was done by

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Speaker 1: researchers Norman Fenton and Martin Neil using Bayesian analysis, and

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Speaker 1: they determined umber of things. They they're actually in that

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Speaker 1: BBC radio piece that we mentioned earlier, but then they

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Speaker 1: also wrote a paper separately where they explained it all

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Speaker 1: and that thing is fabulous. Um, so it'll be in

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Speaker 1: the show notes. But the first thing that they determined

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Speaker 1: is that there is a probability that the cause of

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Speaker 1: death was criminal. That one is the completely unsurprising correct.

387
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Speaker 1: There's a nine seven percent probability that Bella was not British,

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Speaker 1: less than two percent chance that she was Dutch, and

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Speaker 1: an eighteen percent chance that she was German. There is

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Speaker 1: a nine percent probability that Bella was still alive when

391
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Speaker 1: she was put in the tree. That's awful. That kind

392
00:22:46,520 --> 00:22:49,280
Speaker 1: of holds with that whole story that the men had

393
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Speaker 1: put her there to scare her, and that she had

394
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Speaker 1: somehow become stuck. There's a thirty three percent possibility that

395
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Speaker 1: Jack Mossup was involved in her death and seven percent

396
00:22:59,800 --> 00:23:02,960
Speaker 1: that was some kind of intelligence service. In order to

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Speaker 1: increase that probability to a nine pcent chance that Massif

398
00:23:06,840 --> 00:23:10,800
Speaker 1: was involved, the researchers model would have required four additional

399
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Speaker 1: witnesses in addition to Una mass Up and his cousin Judith,

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Speaker 1: And there is a twenty five percent probability that Bella

401
00:23:18,600 --> 00:23:22,399
Speaker 1: was a spy and a six probability that she was

402
00:23:22,440 --> 00:23:26,720
Speaker 1: a prostitute. In their paper on this study, the researchers

403
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Speaker 1: were very clear that there are lots of variables that

404
00:23:29,840 --> 00:23:33,840
Speaker 1: could quit really quickly change the whole statistical picture. For example,

405
00:23:33,880 --> 00:23:36,280
Speaker 1: they're working under the assumption that police involved in the

406
00:23:36,359 --> 00:23:40,480
Speaker 1: investigation really did exhaust all the leads in each instance

407
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Speaker 1: where they felt like there was a dead end. If

408
00:23:42,760 --> 00:23:46,120
Speaker 1: they left a stone unturned here there, then the models

409
00:23:46,200 --> 00:23:52,440
Speaker 1: shifts significantly. Additionally, there's the credibility of various witnesses. Yeah,

410
00:23:52,440 --> 00:23:56,000
Speaker 1: if you um increase or decrease the credibility rating of

411
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Speaker 1: various witnesses, that model changes really quickly. As well. But

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Speaker 1: of course, all of those numbers do not settle this

413
00:24:01,920 --> 00:24:06,200
Speaker 1: crime conclusively, and Bella story remains a mystery, and considering

414
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Speaker 1: the age of the case, it is unlikely that this

415
00:24:08,800 --> 00:24:12,680
Speaker 1: murder will ever be solved unless, as Tracy mentioned earlier,

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Speaker 1: the remains UH or the University lab files suddenly turn up.

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Speaker 1: So that is our spooky unsolved mystery for Halloween. UH.

418
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Speaker 1: And we hope yours is safe and that you do

419
00:24:23,520 --> 00:24:26,199
Speaker 1: not end up in a tree stuff. Please don't mean

420
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Speaker 1: you can climb a tree safely if you want to

421
00:24:28,880 --> 00:24:36,439
Speaker 1: do that. I have never climbed a tree. Really. Yeah. Uh,

422
00:24:36,480 --> 00:24:40,240
Speaker 1: they're They're dirty and I'm scared. That's the bottom line.

423
00:24:41,160 --> 00:24:44,960
Speaker 1: My mother had very clear rules about how large the

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00:24:45,200 --> 00:24:49,160
Speaker 1: branch could be for us to safely climb the tree,

425
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Speaker 1: and if we climbed up into branches that were narrower

426
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Speaker 1: than that, I think it had to be at least

427
00:24:56,359 --> 00:24:59,240
Speaker 1: as uh as big as our arm I can't remember

428
00:24:59,320 --> 00:25:01,920
Speaker 1: it was our armor leg there was a body part

429
00:25:02,160 --> 00:25:05,120
Speaker 1: that we had to compare before we put our weight

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Speaker 1: on any tree limb. Yeah, my mother, My mother is

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Speaker 1: very concerned with safety. I've had many friends through the

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Speaker 1: years who are big into tree climbing, and they always

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Speaker 1: look at me like I'm some sort of mutan when

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Speaker 1: I'm like, I've never climbed a tree and I feel

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Speaker 1: no urge to change that. That's fine. Thanks so much

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Speaker 1: for joining us on this Saturday. Since this episode is

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Speaker 1: out of the archive, if you heard an email address

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Speaker 1: the course of the show, that could be obsolete now.

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Speaker 1: Our current email address is History Podcast at i heart

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Speaker 1: radio dot com. Our old health stuff works email address

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Speaker 1: no longer works, and you can find us all over

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Speaker 1: social media at missed in History. And you can subscribe

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Speaker 1: to our show on Apple podcasts, Google podcast, the I

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Speaker 1: heart Radio app, and wherever else you listen to podcasts.

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Speaker 1: Stuff You Missed in History Class is a production of

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Speaker 1: I heart Radio. For more podcasts from I heart Radio,

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Speaker 1: listen to your favorite shows. H