WEBVTT - MeatEater Kids VI 0:00:00.280 --> 0:00:05.279 No melting mess, no ice runs. The new Dometic CFX 0:00:05.400 --> 0:00:09.080 five keeps your food chilled and your ice frozen so 0:00:09.160 --> 0:00:11.959 you can stay focused on the hunt. Just load it up, 0:00:12.280 --> 0:00:15.080 plug it in, and let it do the rest. I 0:00:15.120 --> 0:00:19.000 love using mind on hot pronghorn hunts and at early 0:00:19.079 --> 0:00:23.360 season elk camp. It really is a game changer. Head 0:00:23.360 --> 0:00:39.839 to Dometic dot com to learn more about Dometic electric coolers. 0:00:42.159 --> 0:00:44.680 It's time for Why It's the Way it Is. 0:00:47.520 --> 0:00:47.920 Today. 0:00:48.040 --> 0:00:50.120 On Why It's the Way it Is, we're going to 0:00:50.200 --> 0:00:55.840 talk about the difference between an antler and a horn. Now, 0:00:56.000 --> 0:00:58.240 this is a little bit confusing because a lot of 0:00:58.240 --> 0:01:00.560 people don't use the words in the right way. 0:01:00.360 --> 0:01:01.040 Including me. 0:01:01.920 --> 0:01:04.120 I change it up all the time because I might 0:01:04.200 --> 0:01:07.840 say I found a deer horn, or that deer had 0:01:07.880 --> 0:01:10.640 big horns, or did you see the horns on. 0:01:10.600 --> 0:01:11.919 The deer that clay got. 0:01:12.520 --> 0:01:16.960 Well that's wrong because deer don't have horns technically, actually, 0:01:17.080 --> 0:01:19.160 deer have antlers. 0:01:19.800 --> 0:01:21.520 So what really is an antler? 0:01:22.080 --> 0:01:24.440 The way to think about an antler is it's like 0:01:24.480 --> 0:01:27.160 a bony material, kind of like the bones in your body. 0:01:27.200 --> 0:01:32.040 It's a bony material that grows out of a deer's head, 0:01:32.160 --> 0:01:34.319 and when I say deer, I mean members of the 0:01:34.360 --> 0:01:38.320 deer family. Members of the deer family include caribou, moose, 0:01:38.480 --> 0:01:41.720 mule deer, white tail deer. All members of the deer 0:01:41.720 --> 0:01:47.440 family have antlers. One of the most interesting thing about 0:01:47.600 --> 0:01:51.640 antlers is that, again it's a bony material and they 0:01:51.680 --> 0:01:56.560 fall off every year, meaning a deer. Every year a 0:01:56.560 --> 0:01:59.240 male deer grows a new set of antlers and it 0:01:59.280 --> 0:02:03.760 falls off. So if a male deer is born, he'll 0:02:03.800 --> 0:02:07.160 grow his first set of antlers the next year. So 0:02:07.240 --> 0:02:09.120 when he's a year and a half old, he'll grow 0:02:09.120 --> 0:02:11.000 a set of antlers, and then he'll grow a new 0:02:11.080 --> 0:02:14.480 set every year after that, and generally their antlers get 0:02:14.520 --> 0:02:17.880 bigger every time they grow them. If you hear someone 0:02:18.000 --> 0:02:21.519 say they found a deer shed, what they're talking about 0:02:22.080 --> 0:02:24.320 is they were out in the woods and they found 0:02:24.360 --> 0:02:28.200 one of these antlers that shed or fell off. So 0:02:28.240 --> 0:02:31.920 if you can think of an antler as a bone 0:02:32.080 --> 0:02:36.600 like material that grows outside of a deer's head, you 0:02:36.639 --> 0:02:39.320 can think of a horn as and this is going 0:02:39.400 --> 0:02:41.920 to sound really weird, you could think of a horn 0:02:42.120 --> 0:02:46.040 kind of like a fingernail that grows outside of an 0:02:46.040 --> 0:02:50.840 animal's head. There are many horned animals in Africa Okay, 0:02:50.880 --> 0:02:54.440 will debest and Pallas kate buffalo. Those are horned animals. 0:02:54.840 --> 0:02:57.799 Here in the United States, we have big horn sheep 0:02:57.880 --> 0:03:01.320 that's an horned animal. Mountain goats that's a horned animal. 0:03:01.680 --> 0:03:06.800 American prong horn or antalope have horns, and also domestic cows. 0:03:06.800 --> 0:03:09.080 So if you look in a farmer's pasture and he 0:03:09.120 --> 0:03:13.720 has cows or cattle, those are horns. The reason I 0:03:13.760 --> 0:03:16.000 say you can think of them like a fingernail is 0:03:16.040 --> 0:03:20.160 because horns are made of keratin, and keratin is the 0:03:20.200 --> 0:03:22.880 same material that is in your fingernails. 0:03:24.040 --> 0:03:24.640 A horn. 0:03:24.919 --> 0:03:27.480 And there's one exception to this I una explained, but 0:03:27.520 --> 0:03:30.799 this is just generally how it goes. An animal grows 0:03:30.800 --> 0:03:33.720 a horn, and it keeps its horn its whole life, 0:03:33.760 --> 0:03:36.600 and as it grows and gets older, the horn just. 0:03:36.520 --> 0:03:40.160 Grows and gets bigger. It never falls off. Okay. 0:03:41.240 --> 0:03:43.680 When I said there's an exception to this, it's the 0:03:43.800 --> 0:03:47.160 animal called the American prong horn or an antelope. 0:03:47.480 --> 0:03:48.840 And here's where it's weird. 0:03:50.000 --> 0:03:53.200 All horned animals have a bone core on their skull, Okay, 0:03:53.360 --> 0:03:56.440 and their horn grows over that bone core and they 0:03:56.480 --> 0:03:57.360 don't drop off. 0:03:57.440 --> 0:03:59.600 But with an American prong horn was crazy. 0:04:00.160 --> 0:04:02.800 Is the outer part of his horn, the part that 0:04:02.840 --> 0:04:05.920 fits over the bone core, does fall. 0:04:05.640 --> 0:04:06.360 Off every year. 0:04:06.800 --> 0:04:10.680 But it's the only horned animal in the world that 0:04:10.920 --> 0:04:13.400 sheds its horn. And it's almost like he does it 0:04:13.480 --> 0:04:15.720 just to make it so we can't have good rules 0:04:15.720 --> 0:04:18.559 because he has to be like an exception to the rule. 0:04:19.120 --> 0:04:20.360 And let me tell you another way. 0:04:20.920 --> 0:04:25.000 Pronghorns are kind of a weird exception with horned animals. 0:04:25.760 --> 0:04:30.000 Most animal horns just come to a point on the end. Okay, 0:04:30.400 --> 0:04:32.000 it might be a rounded point, it might be a 0:04:32.000 --> 0:04:33.880 sharp point, but they come to a single point on 0:04:33.960 --> 0:04:37.440 the end. The reason a pronghorn has his name is 0:04:37.480 --> 0:04:40.240 his main horn has a little prong on it, so 0:04:40.279 --> 0:04:43.560 they actually have a horn that can have two points. 0:04:43.920 --> 0:04:47.400 It's like a two pointed horn. It's the only horn 0:04:47.640 --> 0:04:52.120 that looks like that. So again, to wrap up, antlers 0:04:52.560 --> 0:04:56.240 grow on members of the deer family. They're bone like 0:04:56.680 --> 0:04:59.400 and they fall off every year and then the animal 0:04:59.440 --> 0:05:03.640 grows a new Horns, with the exception of the American 0:05:03.680 --> 0:05:07.560 prong horn, are fingernail like or made of keratin, and 0:05:07.640 --> 0:05:09.039 the animal keeps. 0:05:08.760 --> 0:05:12.359 His horns for his whole life, and they do not 0:05:12.920 --> 0:05:13.760 fall off. 0:05:19.000 --> 0:05:26.160 Why don't oysters donate to charity because they're shellfish. 0:05:26.240 --> 0:05:29.640 It's time for guests that critter where we play animal 0:05:29.720 --> 0:05:32.200 sounds and critter calls, and you've got to guess what 0:05:32.360 --> 0:05:36.320 creatures making those sounds. Don't worry, it ain't too hard. 0:05:36.560 --> 0:05:38.120 We're gonna throw in some clues. 0:05:38.520 --> 0:05:39.640 Now, open up years. 0:05:44.560 --> 0:05:48.359 These critters are short bodied but big. They can weigh 0:05:48.400 --> 0:05:52.080 over two pounds and measure close to eight inches in length. 0:05:52.680 --> 0:05:57.040 They're quite voracious, meaning they have big appetites and eat 0:05:57.200 --> 0:06:03.840 a lot. They consume insects, rodents, fish, invertebrates, small birds, 0:06:04.040 --> 0:06:08.640 amphibians and more. Really, they'll eat whatever they can get 0:06:08.760 --> 0:06:19.120 that'll fit in their mouth. These are distress calls. You 0:06:19.200 --> 0:06:22.520 may not hear this sound too often, but know that 0:06:22.600 --> 0:06:27.560 these critters are capable of open mouth screaming. More typically, 0:06:27.800 --> 0:06:41.440 you'll hear sounds like this. There's a rhythmic quality to 0:06:41.480 --> 0:06:45.560 the sound, which occurs with the circulation of air. These 0:06:45.640 --> 0:06:49.240 critters move air from their lungs to the vocal sacs 0:06:49.240 --> 0:06:53.080 in their throat, which act as resonance chambers that push 0:06:53.120 --> 0:06:57.960 air back into their lungs. Males make this low frequency, 0:06:58.120 --> 0:07:09.720 baritone bellowing sound. Have a listen. It almost sounds like 0:07:09.760 --> 0:07:15.160 a cow mooing, doesn't it. The males sing to attract 0:07:15.200 --> 0:07:18.480 females and to stake out their territory. You can hear 0:07:18.480 --> 0:07:22.280 them in spring and summer during the mating season. Here's 0:07:22.320 --> 0:07:25.680 a chorus of males by a freshwater marsh congregated in 0:07:25.680 --> 0:07:39.400 the area to breed. These semi aquatic critters live in 0:07:39.520 --> 0:07:45.560 and near marshes, rivers, ponds, streams, and creeks. They prefer warmer, shallow, 0:07:45.720 --> 0:07:49.080 and still sources of water. They also spend time on 0:07:49.200 --> 0:07:52.720 land and are very skilled jumpers, propelled by their long 0:07:52.840 --> 0:07:56.400 muscular legs. The throat of the male is yellow, while 0:07:56.440 --> 0:07:59.760 the throat of the female is white. Males also have 0:07:59.800 --> 0:08:03.840 an noticeably larger thumb than do females, and on average, 0:08:03.960 --> 0:08:07.400 the body size of the female is much larger than 0:08:07.440 --> 0:08:15.120 that of the male. Now try to guess that critter. Okay, 0:08:15.360 --> 0:08:21.440 it's time for the reveal. It's a bullfrog. Bullfrogs are 0:08:21.560 --> 0:08:26.240 North America's largest frog. Their croaking song sounds like a 0:08:26.320 --> 0:08:31.360 cow mooing, which is why they're called bullfrogs. Bullfrogs are 0:08:31.400 --> 0:08:34.640 harvested as a game species in many states, and are 0:08:34.679 --> 0:08:38.840 also commercially farmed because their legs make a tasty dish. 0:08:39.440 --> 0:08:42.160 They are native to eastern North America and are so 0:08:42.280 --> 0:08:45.960 well adapted that they've become an invasive species in much 0:08:46.000 --> 0:08:50.640 of western North America. Bullfrog farming has contributed to the spread, 0:08:51.000 --> 0:08:54.280 as has the use of their tadpoles as bait for fishing. 0:08:58.760 --> 0:09:02.520 What do you call a hog that loves karate? A 0:09:02.600 --> 0:09:03.160 pork chop? 0:09:07.480 --> 0:09:11.560 It's time for everyone's favorite game show, Trivia. Let's all 0:09:11.679 --> 0:09:12.120 join in. 0:09:15.080 --> 0:09:19.840 I'm joined by Mabel, Matthew, Rosie, Hayden, Conley, Sage, Hattie, 0:09:19.920 --> 0:09:23.440 and Bay. Each player will earn ten dollars for conservation 0:09:23.760 --> 0:09:26.880 with every question they get right today. There's a potential 0:09:26.920 --> 0:09:29.000 for this room to earn up to two hundred and 0:09:29.040 --> 0:09:32.079 forty dollars this week. That donation is going to the 0:09:32.160 --> 0:09:35.800 Land Access Initiative, which provides more access to public lands 0:09:36.000 --> 0:09:39.360 for hunting, fishing, hiking, camping, swimming, and whatever else you 0:09:39.600 --> 0:09:43.000 like doing outdoors. Let's see how much money our players 0:09:43.000 --> 0:09:47.360 can raise. Question one, Which of these animals would a 0:09:47.400 --> 0:09:53.920 mammalogist study? Is it a whale? An owl or a lizard. 0:09:56.240 --> 0:10:02.480 Which of these animals would a mammalogist study Whale, owl 0:10:03.240 --> 0:10:11.840 or lizard? Rosie's watching Bay's answer, Rosie, do you agree with? Okay, 0:10:11.880 --> 0:10:13.240 you got the same answer. 0:10:14.040 --> 0:10:15.560 Was asking me what the answer was? 0:10:15.720 --> 0:10:16.920 I need know? 0:10:17.200 --> 0:10:17.720 I was watching. 0:10:18.240 --> 0:10:22.120 I'm scared, Okay, trying to cheat because I feel confident. 0:10:22.600 --> 0:10:23.679 I'm just trying to be cheating. 0:10:23.760 --> 0:10:24.920 Rosie is confident. 0:10:25.240 --> 0:10:25.679 How about you? 0:10:25.720 --> 0:10:27.600 Conley? You're confident? Yeah you are? 0:10:27.679 --> 0:10:29.240 Okay, I'm not. I'm not. 0:10:32.480 --> 0:10:35.559 Is everybody ready? 0:10:34.320 --> 0:10:34.400 Ye? 0:10:35.880 --> 0:10:42.640 Go ahead and reveal your answers. We have Bay, Whale, Rosie. 0:10:41.840 --> 0:10:52.360 Mabel, Owl, Hattie Whi, Hayden will Sage, Conley, Matthew the 0:10:52.440 --> 0:10:53.240 correct answer? 0:10:54.440 --> 0:10:55.160 It's wal. 0:10:57.880 --> 0:11:02.760 Well answer, Oh I thought it's angry. 0:11:02.840 --> 0:11:03.160 Well. 0:11:04.280 --> 0:11:09.120 A mammalogist is a scientist who studies what that's right, 0:11:09.200 --> 0:11:13.640 such as wales. Owls are birds, which are studied by ornithologists, 0:11:13.679 --> 0:11:17.160 and lizards are reptiles, which you're studied by herpetologists. Can 0:11:17.160 --> 0:11:20.240 you name some other animals that a mammalogist would study? 0:11:20.240 --> 0:11:20.679 What do you got? 0:11:21.200 --> 0:11:21.440 Zeal? 0:11:22.000 --> 0:11:26.840 Seal, that's right, Wris wallris doggies dogs. You guys know 0:11:26.920 --> 0:11:28.400 your mammals. 0:11:28.400 --> 0:11:31.360 Octaviors are you trying to sneak that one in there? 0:11:32.400 --> 0:11:39.080 Study Question two? What percentage of the Earth is covered 0:11:39.120 --> 0:11:43.880 in water? Is it twenty one percent, forty six percent, 0:11:44.440 --> 0:11:45.679 or seventy one percent? 0:11:47.679 --> 0:11:47.920 Wow? 0:11:47.960 --> 0:11:51.400 Our players, easy, very yea. 0:11:53.600 --> 0:11:54.160 Very easy. 0:11:54.280 --> 0:11:58.400 Okay, wote a negative on all of our players. Think 0:11:58.440 --> 0:12:00.720 this is an easy one. What percent of the Earth 0:12:00.760 --> 0:12:04.800 is covered in water? Twenty one percent, forty six percent, 0:12:05.480 --> 0:12:11.319 or seventy one percent? Is everybody ready? 0:12:11.679 --> 0:12:12.120 Yes? 0:12:12.280 --> 0:12:14.920 Yeah, go ahead and reveal your answers. 0:12:15.040 --> 0:12:19.640 We have Bay seventy one, Rosy seventy one, Mabel seventy one, 0:12:19.679 --> 0:12:21.040 Hattie seventy. 0:12:20.640 --> 0:12:22.800 One, Hayden seventy one. 0:12:22.400 --> 0:12:24.480 Sage seventy one, Conley. 0:12:24.200 --> 0:12:26.160 Seventy one, Matthew seventy one. 0:12:26.800 --> 0:12:30.400 The correct answer is twenty one percent. 0:12:31.080 --> 0:12:34.800 No, I'm kidding, it's seventy one percent. Guys, got it 0:12:35.280 --> 0:12:37.720 over to your computer. In fact, that was too easy. 0:12:37.920 --> 0:12:41.720 Ninety seven point five percent of the Earth's water is 0:12:41.800 --> 0:12:44.480 salt water, and of that little bit of fresh water, 0:12:44.640 --> 0:12:47.840 sixty nine percent of it is frozen and thirty percent 0:12:47.840 --> 0:12:51.480 of is underground. That means just one percent of the 0:12:51.520 --> 0:12:54.040 Earth's fresh water is on the surface in the form 0:12:54.080 --> 0:12:57.360 of lakes, rivers, and swamps. So maybe don't leave the 0:12:57.400 --> 0:13:01.199 sink running at home, Hey, leave the sink running anymore. 0:13:01.520 --> 0:13:03.960 Don't don't brush your cheese. Don't have the single white brush. 0:13:04.640 --> 0:13:05.760 Matt, you don't brush your cheese. 0:13:07.840 --> 0:13:12.360 You cannot be talking. Question three. This man who was 0:13:12.440 --> 0:13:17.520 America's third president has a river and forrest named after him? 0:13:17.720 --> 0:13:18.000 Is it? 0:13:18.200 --> 0:13:25.760 Benjamin Franklin, Ronald Reagan or Thomas Jefferson. I think I 0:13:25.800 --> 0:13:31.120 heard someone saying answer, but maybe they weren't right. This 0:13:31.160 --> 0:13:33.559 man who was America's third president has a river in 0:13:33.679 --> 0:13:38.880 forest named after him Ben Franklin, Ronald Reagan or Thomas Jefferson. 0:13:38.960 --> 0:13:40.079 I think I spelt it wrong. 0:13:40.640 --> 0:13:42.240 I did too, I didn't. 0:13:42.720 --> 0:13:43.240 I think I. 0:13:43.200 --> 0:13:43.960 Spelt it right. 0:13:44.640 --> 0:13:45.760 It's everybody ready? 0:13:46.280 --> 0:13:46.880 Yeah? 0:13:47.080 --> 0:13:48.000 Was this an easy round? 0:13:48.400 --> 0:13:48.800 Yeah? 0:13:49.240 --> 0:13:51.320 Go ahead and reveal your answers. 0:13:51.400 --> 0:13:56.080 Baye Thomas Jefferson, Rosie Thomas Jefferson, Mabel Thomas Jefferson, Hattie 0:13:56.120 --> 0:14:02.959 Thomas Jefferson, Hayden Jefferson, Sage Thomas Jefferson, Conley Jefferson, Matthew Jefferson. 0:14:03.040 --> 0:14:06.960 The correct answer is Thomas Jefferson. Everybody got it right. 0:14:07.679 --> 0:14:11.000 Ronald Reagan was America's fortieth president and ben Franklin was 0:14:11.040 --> 0:14:14.640 never a president. Thomas Jefferson was president from eighteen oh 0:14:14.640 --> 0:14:17.280 one to eighteen oh nine. The river named after him 0:14:17.360 --> 0:14:19.880 is right here in Montana, and the national forest named 0:14:19.880 --> 0:14:23.520 after him is in Virginia, West Virginia and Kentucky. Now, 0:14:23.520 --> 0:14:25.440 if you guys could have something named after you, what 0:14:25.440 --> 0:14:29.520 would it be? Maybe a mountain, a sandwich, a fishing lure, 0:14:29.600 --> 0:14:34.200 how about a dance move Hoffman Peak, Hoffman Peak, that's 0:14:34.200 --> 0:14:36.320 something that exists. Or No, you want there to be 0:14:36.320 --> 0:14:37.720 a hoffice. I want there to be. 0:14:38.400 --> 0:14:39.920 Okay, Matthew's planet. 0:14:40.240 --> 0:14:43.040 Matthew's planet. 0:14:44.360 --> 0:14:45.520 It's bigger than the. 0:14:45.480 --> 0:14:50.360 Sun, bigger than the sun. That's ambitious. You're gonna have 0:14:50.360 --> 0:14:52.520 to do some cool stuff in the next fifty years 0:14:52.520 --> 0:14:54.160 to get a planet any of that. 0:14:53.720 --> 0:14:58.000 I was named after the valley and Yellowstone Hayden. 0:14:58.440 --> 0:15:01.120 Oh, that's the opposite thing. You're supposed to have something 0:15:01.160 --> 0:15:05.040 named after you, not be named after something. All right, 0:15:05.120 --> 0:15:07.880 that's it for today's round of trivia. Fill the engineer. 0:15:07.920 --> 0:15:10.720 How much money did we raise? They raised two hundred 0:15:10.680 --> 0:15:13.640 and thirty dollars, two hundred and thirty dollars going to 0:15:13.720 --> 0:15:16.880 the Land Access Initiative. Well done, kids, join us next 0:15:16.880 --> 0:15:19.640 time for more Meat Eater Kids Trivia, the only other 0:15:19.680 --> 0:15:22.240 game show where conservation always wins. 0:15:22.840 --> 0:15:26.040 Thanks for listening everyone, See you next week on Meat 0:15:26.080 --> 0:15:26.760 Eater Kids.