1 00:00:00,280 --> 00:00:02,000 Speaker 1: The stay in History class. It's a production of I 2 00:00:02,080 --> 00:00:06,800 Speaker 1: Heart Radio. Hey y'all, it's Eaves. I'm at home keeping 3 00:00:06,800 --> 00:00:10,840 Speaker 1: warm for the holidays. But history does not stop, so 4 00:00:10,960 --> 00:00:28,440 Speaker 1: let's get into another episode. Today is December. The day 5 00:00:28,520 --> 00:00:33,800 Speaker 1: was December twelve. The Laws of border Ghos, a set 6 00:00:33,840 --> 00:00:37,840 Speaker 1: of laws regulating the relationship between Spaniards and indigenous people 7 00:00:37,880 --> 00:00:41,879 Speaker 1: in the America's, was promulgated in borde Ghost, Crown of Castile. 8 00:00:42,800 --> 00:00:45,960 Speaker 1: Though the Laws of Bordergos have been recognized for even 9 00:00:46,000 --> 00:00:50,080 Speaker 1: attempting to improve the treatment of indigenous people, they've been 10 00:00:50,120 --> 00:00:53,880 Speaker 1: criticized for not truly doing anything to make their lives better. 11 00:00:55,040 --> 00:00:58,760 Speaker 1: As the Spanish colonized the Caribbean islands, they decimated the 12 00:00:58,800 --> 00:01:03,400 Speaker 1: indigenous population that lived there. When Christopher Columbus began his 13 00:01:03,440 --> 00:01:06,960 Speaker 1: expeditions in the Caribbean, the Tana were the largest group 14 00:01:07,040 --> 00:01:10,080 Speaker 1: of indigenous people of the Caribbean, but by the mid 15 00:01:10,240 --> 00:01:14,280 Speaker 1: fifteen hundreds, there were barely any Tano people left due 16 00:01:14,319 --> 00:01:18,360 Speaker 1: to the diseases the Spaniards brought. Indigenous people were often 17 00:01:18,440 --> 00:01:22,880 Speaker 1: physically and sexually abused, They were overworked, and their customs 18 00:01:22,880 --> 00:01:25,880 Speaker 1: were often stripped away from them, and many times they 19 00:01:25,880 --> 00:01:30,720 Speaker 1: were outright killed. Some people in Spanish colonial society objected 20 00:01:30,760 --> 00:01:35,000 Speaker 1: to this mistreatment and abuse. Antonio da Montesinos, a friar 21 00:01:35,040 --> 00:01:38,240 Speaker 1: and missionary on the island of Hispaniola, called for an 22 00:01:38,360 --> 00:01:41,600 Speaker 1: end to the enslavement of and violence committed against the 23 00:01:41,640 --> 00:01:46,360 Speaker 1: indigenous people on the island in fifteen eleven. Many colonists 24 00:01:46,400 --> 00:01:50,680 Speaker 1: rejected the call and denounced Antonio da Montesinos, but King 25 00:01:50,800 --> 00:01:55,320 Speaker 1: Ferdinand the Second called an ecclesiastical and academic panel to 26 00:01:55,440 --> 00:01:58,600 Speaker 1: decide how to deal with the mistreatment of indigenous people 27 00:01:58,640 --> 00:02:04,800 Speaker 1: in the Caribbean. On December twelve, Ferdinand the Second issued 28 00:02:04,880 --> 00:02:08,760 Speaker 1: the Laws of Bordigos, officially known as the Royal Ordinances 29 00:02:08,840 --> 00:02:12,320 Speaker 1: for the Good Governance and Treatment of the Indians. The 30 00:02:12,400 --> 00:02:16,040 Speaker 1: laws were originally intended for the island of Hispaniola, which 31 00:02:16,080 --> 00:02:18,959 Speaker 1: is made up of modern day Haiti and the Dominican Republic, 32 00:02:19,320 --> 00:02:22,320 Speaker 1: but they were extended to cover Jamaica and Puerto Rico. 33 00:02:23,240 --> 00:02:27,040 Speaker 1: The text included thirty five laws. Four amendments were later 34 00:02:27,080 --> 00:02:33,760 Speaker 1: added in July of the laws established incomendetto's responsibilities towards 35 00:02:33,800 --> 00:02:37,519 Speaker 1: the people they held in Encomienda and Comenda was a 36 00:02:37,600 --> 00:02:41,639 Speaker 1: legal system instituted by the Spanish crown that granted colonists 37 00:02:41,639 --> 00:02:45,120 Speaker 1: the right to collect tribute from, and control the labor 38 00:02:45,200 --> 00:02:49,360 Speaker 1: of indigenous people. The laws of Bortigos required that the 39 00:02:49,400 --> 00:02:55,560 Speaker 1: incommendetto or grantee provide food, lodging, clothing, and religious instruction 40 00:02:55,600 --> 00:02:59,560 Speaker 1: to the people they held in encomienda. They also outlined 41 00:02:59,560 --> 00:03:02,360 Speaker 1: the kind an amount of labor that could be required 42 00:03:02,360 --> 00:03:06,280 Speaker 1: of those held in encomienda. They banned corporal punishment of 43 00:03:06,320 --> 00:03:10,560 Speaker 1: indigenous people, except by certain justices, but the laws did 44 00:03:10,639 --> 00:03:13,919 Speaker 1: not address the treatment of indigenous people during the course 45 00:03:13,960 --> 00:03:18,120 Speaker 1: of conquest, and Comienda was supposed to reduce the abuses 46 00:03:18,240 --> 00:03:22,160 Speaker 1: of the earlier system known as ropartimiento and allow for 47 00:03:22,200 --> 00:03:25,600 Speaker 1: a more humane approach to labor for the indigenous people, 48 00:03:26,160 --> 00:03:29,600 Speaker 1: but in comienda soon proved to be a form of slavery, 49 00:03:30,120 --> 00:03:32,359 Speaker 1: and most of the laws of the bordergost Code were 50 00:03:32,400 --> 00:03:36,880 Speaker 1: not enforced. Throughout the early fifteen hundreds, people continued to 51 00:03:36,880 --> 00:03:41,320 Speaker 1: decry the treatment of indigenous people. Bartolomet de las Casas, 52 00:03:41,360 --> 00:03:45,560 Speaker 1: a former incomendetto, spoke out against the mistreatment of indigenous people, 53 00:03:46,160 --> 00:03:49,440 Speaker 1: and in fifteen thirty a royal decree banned the enslavement 54 00:03:49,440 --> 00:03:53,160 Speaker 1: of indigenous people, but violations happened frequently and the band 55 00:03:53,280 --> 00:03:57,360 Speaker 1: was reversed four years later. But the protest continued, and 56 00:03:57,440 --> 00:04:00,760 Speaker 1: in fifteen forty two the Council of the Indie wrote 57 00:04:00,760 --> 00:04:03,200 Speaker 1: the New Laws of the Indies for the Good Treatment 58 00:04:03,200 --> 00:04:07,480 Speaker 1: and Preservation of the Indians. King Charles the Five enacted 59 00:04:07,520 --> 00:04:13,320 Speaker 1: the laws, which abolished indigenous slavery and ended the incomunda system. 60 00:04:13,400 --> 00:04:16,520 Speaker 1: While Indigenous people still had to pay tribute, they could 61 00:04:16,560 --> 00:04:20,000 Speaker 1: not be demanded to work for free. The new laws 62 00:04:20,040 --> 00:04:24,279 Speaker 1: were opposed by many colonists in America's It did lead 63 00:04:24,320 --> 00:04:28,400 Speaker 1: to the liberation of some indigenous laborers, but in fifty 64 00:04:29,040 --> 00:04:32,680 Speaker 1: the King revoked the controversial law, stating that incomendetto's could 65 00:04:32,680 --> 00:04:36,440 Speaker 1: not pass on encomienda to their heirs. A lighter version 66 00:04:36,480 --> 00:04:38,920 Speaker 1: of the new laws was issued in fifteen fifty two. 67 00:04:40,080 --> 00:04:42,599 Speaker 1: I'm Eve step Coote and hopefully you know a little 68 00:04:42,600 --> 00:04:46,560 Speaker 1: more about history today than you did yesterday. If you 69 00:04:46,600 --> 00:04:49,640 Speaker 1: have any questions or comments, feel free to send us 70 00:04:49,680 --> 00:04:53,599 Speaker 1: a shout on Facebook, Instagram or Twitter at t d 71 00:04:53,600 --> 00:04:57,400 Speaker 1: I h C podcast, and if you prefer email, send 72 00:04:57,480 --> 00:05:00,599 Speaker 1: us a note at this day at i heart media 73 00:05:00,720 --> 00:05:04,719 Speaker 1: dot com. Thanks again for listening and we'll see you tomorrow. 74 00:05:12,080 --> 00:05:14,359 Speaker 1: For more podcasts from I heart Radio, visit the iHeart 75 00:05:14,440 --> 00:05:16,920 Speaker 1: Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your 76 00:05:16,920 --> 00:05:17,560 Speaker 1: favorite shows.