1 00:00:09,720 --> 00:00:12,880 Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bloomberg Surveillance Podcast. I'm Tom Keene with 2 00:00:13,600 --> 00:00:16,560 Speaker 1: David Gura. Daily we bring you insight from the best 3 00:00:16,560 --> 00:00:22,239 Speaker 1: of economics, finance, investment, and international relations. Find Bloomberg Surveillance 4 00:00:22,320 --> 00:00:27,000 Speaker 1: on Apple Podcasts, SoundCloud, Bloomberg dot Com, and of course, 5 00:00:27,320 --> 00:00:34,720 Speaker 1: on the Bloomberg. This is a lovely book, Failure to Adjust. 6 00:00:35,000 --> 00:00:37,600 Speaker 1: All you need to know is Sebastian Maloby and Michael 7 00:00:37,600 --> 00:00:39,880 Speaker 1: Spence had shut up and read it. That's a pretty 8 00:00:39,880 --> 00:00:43,040 Speaker 1: good group. Mr Ratner here as well, Stephen Ratner weighing 9 00:00:43,120 --> 00:00:47,200 Speaker 1: in how Americans got left behind in the global economy. 10 00:00:47,320 --> 00:00:50,680 Speaker 1: It is a heartbreaking book. At Ted Alden takes it 11 00:00:50,760 --> 00:00:53,800 Speaker 1: forward with the Council on Foreign Relations in a new 12 00:00:53,840 --> 00:00:58,880 Speaker 1: forward in the Paperback on Moness in Pennsylvania and Al 13 00:00:58,960 --> 00:01:02,120 Speaker 1: Hunt wrote about this a year after the President's speech. 14 00:01:02,200 --> 00:01:05,800 Speaker 1: Take us back to the President's speech, all the promises 15 00:01:05,880 --> 00:01:10,360 Speaker 1: made to the deteriorating iron country of this nation. So 16 00:01:10,440 --> 00:01:13,240 Speaker 1: he goes to Manessan in Juna used to be one 17 00:01:13,280 --> 00:01:16,440 Speaker 1: of the country's great steel towns. You know, population in 18 00:01:16,560 --> 00:01:20,240 Speaker 1: twenty thousand, you know, big steelmakers. The closest he can 19 00:01:20,319 --> 00:01:25,160 Speaker 1: find is a maker of recycled aluminum essentially a luma 20 00:01:25,240 --> 00:01:27,120 Speaker 1: source it's called. So he's standing in front of a 21 00:01:27,160 --> 00:01:30,679 Speaker 1: bunch of crushed aluminum cans and he gives the most 22 00:01:30,720 --> 00:01:33,039 Speaker 1: detailed speech of the campaign on what he's gonna do 23 00:01:33,480 --> 00:01:37,040 Speaker 1: on trade policy to help bring places like Manessan back 24 00:01:37,160 --> 00:01:39,600 Speaker 1: to their feet. And he talks about pulling out of 25 00:01:39,600 --> 00:01:44,080 Speaker 1: the Trans Pacific Partnership and renegotiating nafton pointing Truugh trade negotiator, 26 00:01:44,120 --> 00:01:47,760 Speaker 1: and going after China and and slapping import tarrafs on 27 00:01:47,840 --> 00:01:50,200 Speaker 1: steel using national security grounds. So he lays out all 28 00:01:50,240 --> 00:01:53,520 Speaker 1: these promises and uh, and you know, he got a 29 00:01:53,520 --> 00:01:56,320 Speaker 1: lot of support from those kinds of places around the country. 30 00:01:56,360 --> 00:01:58,080 Speaker 1: Was a big part of why he won the election 31 00:01:58,120 --> 00:02:00,880 Speaker 1: in these rest belts states. Say, good morning all listening 32 00:02:00,880 --> 00:02:04,400 Speaker 1: on serious sex. I'm Chinda one nineteen south of Pittsburgh 33 00:02:04,600 --> 00:02:07,880 Speaker 1: and east Shootmaker Streets. There's Felicia's restaurant. Talk to the 34 00:02:07,960 --> 00:02:11,080 Speaker 1: people in the diner of the restaurant Felicia's Restaurant, and 35 00:02:11,680 --> 00:02:14,520 Speaker 1: Moness and what what what's the plan? What do you 36 00:02:14,600 --> 00:02:18,560 Speaker 1: see right now to try to help so many Americans 37 00:02:18,600 --> 00:02:20,560 Speaker 1: that have been left behind. See I don't I don't 38 00:02:20,560 --> 00:02:24,200 Speaker 1: think this administration has a plan. Unfortunately, I have some 39 00:02:24,240 --> 00:02:28,560 Speaker 1: sympathy to to at least their rhetorical direction on trade policy. 40 00:02:28,600 --> 00:02:31,520 Speaker 1: I think places like Moness and really got cream by 41 00:02:31,520 --> 00:02:33,960 Speaker 1: import competition going all the way back to the eighties 42 00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:36,280 Speaker 1: and through the two thousands. But you've got to build 43 00:02:36,280 --> 00:02:38,600 Speaker 1: a new economy there. You've got to connect it up 44 00:02:39,120 --> 00:02:42,640 Speaker 1: to the vibrant cities. I mean, Pittsburgh is doing very well. 45 00:02:42,960 --> 00:02:45,160 Speaker 1: The problem is you've got little places like Moness and 46 00:02:45,240 --> 00:02:48,640 Speaker 1: thirty miles outside of Pittsburgh that are not connected to 47 00:02:48,680 --> 00:02:51,680 Speaker 1: that economy. So you know, my recipe would be time 48 00:02:51,720 --> 00:02:55,160 Speaker 1: into the city economies, broadband for everyone, make it possible 49 00:02:55,200 --> 00:02:58,720 Speaker 1: for people to work remotely, find new ways to revitalize 50 00:02:58,760 --> 00:03:00,880 Speaker 1: these place. You're not gonna bring back the steel economy. 51 00:03:01,240 --> 00:03:03,639 Speaker 1: But ted this cost money. So where do you take 52 00:03:03,639 --> 00:03:07,080 Speaker 1: the money from? Well, I mean the United States. You know, 53 00:03:07,160 --> 00:03:10,720 Speaker 1: despite the President's claim is a reasonably low tax country. 54 00:03:10,800 --> 00:03:13,880 Speaker 1: I think there's there's lots of potential sources or revenue. 55 00:03:14,040 --> 00:03:17,359 Speaker 1: And and if you take seriously what the President ran 56 00:03:17,440 --> 00:03:20,320 Speaker 1: on his campaign, these are places that need help. I'm 57 00:03:20,360 --> 00:03:21,960 Speaker 1: not saying it all needs to come from government. I 58 00:03:21,960 --> 00:03:23,720 Speaker 1: think a lot of it can come from the private sector, 59 00:03:23,760 --> 00:03:26,760 Speaker 1: from NGOs and other places. But the notion that we 60 00:03:26,919 --> 00:03:29,200 Speaker 1: as a country don't have money to build out broadband, 61 00:03:29,360 --> 00:03:33,240 Speaker 1: that's ridiculous, right, that's basic infrastructure in the century. Ted, 62 00:03:33,280 --> 00:03:36,080 Speaker 1: how will the midterm election goes? And and actually, well, 63 00:03:36,120 --> 00:03:37,720 Speaker 1: it could be a reset button for the for the 64 00:03:37,720 --> 00:03:40,560 Speaker 1: Trump presidency. I mean, I don't know. The problem is 65 00:03:40,600 --> 00:03:43,520 Speaker 1: the Democrats aren't offering a very coherent alternative, so I'm 66 00:03:43,560 --> 00:03:46,920 Speaker 1: not I'm not sure what choice the American people are 67 00:03:46,960 --> 00:03:49,520 Speaker 1: going to be making in November. I mean, obviously, if 68 00:03:49,560 --> 00:03:52,840 Speaker 1: if the Republican Party suffers losses, that's going to force 69 00:03:52,880 --> 00:03:54,840 Speaker 1: some sort of reset. But but it's not like it's 70 00:03:54,840 --> 00:03:57,960 Speaker 1: all harmony within the Republican Party right now between Trump 71 00:03:58,000 --> 00:04:00,280 Speaker 1: and UH and the folks on the hill. Time we 72 00:04:00,400 --> 00:04:03,520 Speaker 1: got left with you. What drives you nuts about neft 73 00:04:03,520 --> 00:04:09,200 Speaker 1: to coverage right now? The fact that rather than kind 74 00:04:09,200 --> 00:04:11,440 Speaker 1: of thinking about how we move forward as a North 75 00:04:11,480 --> 00:04:15,120 Speaker 1: American region. Look, you know, we're in a competitive global economy, 76 00:04:15,400 --> 00:04:18,880 Speaker 1: the rise of China. We're not talking about North America anymore. 77 00:04:18,880 --> 00:04:22,719 Speaker 1: We're talking about these little distributional battles within North America. 78 00:04:23,160 --> 00:04:25,479 Speaker 1: Where are we gonna win Where's Mexico gonna lose? Where 79 00:04:25,480 --> 00:04:27,680 Speaker 1: are we gonna win? Where's Canada gonna lose? Trade is 80 00:04:27,680 --> 00:04:31,440 Speaker 1: not a zero sum game? But Varro and Ross think 81 00:04:31,560 --> 00:04:33,520 Speaker 1: it is. Yeah, Well they're I mean, they're wrong about 82 00:04:34,480 --> 00:04:38,560 Speaker 1: they do they do? They do? They do absolutely and 83 00:04:38,560 --> 00:04:41,279 Speaker 1: and you know that's not to say trade benefits everyone equally. 84 00:04:41,320 --> 00:04:44,359 Speaker 1: It doesn't. That's the problem. But the notion that trade 85 00:04:44,400 --> 00:04:46,800 Speaker 1: is zero sum is simply wrong. And their approach to 86 00:04:46,920 --> 00:04:49,400 Speaker 1: NAFTA has been entirely zero sum. I'm gonna do a 87 00:04:49,400 --> 00:04:51,719 Speaker 1: lot with this on social today, folks look for failure 88 00:04:51,760 --> 00:04:55,640 Speaker 1: to adjust how Americans got left behind the global economy. 89 00:04:55,640 --> 00:04:59,520 Speaker 1: I really can't say enough about, uh, the exceptionally informed 90 00:04:59,520 --> 00:05:03,279 Speaker 1: density of it. On all things trade, everyone walks away 91 00:05:03,320 --> 00:05:06,520 Speaker 1: from it smarter and writer Edward Alden is with a 92 00:05:06,560 --> 00:05:23,680 Speaker 1: Council on Foreign Relations, I would suggest in the nine 93 00:05:23,720 --> 00:05:26,919 Speaker 1: am morning of Soul Korea, the President of the United States, 94 00:05:27,320 --> 00:05:31,560 Speaker 1: maybe we'll be looking to Virginia. Any number of people 95 00:05:31,560 --> 00:05:33,720 Speaker 1: in the last few days have told me this governor's 96 00:05:33,839 --> 00:05:38,640 Speaker 1: race is a huge deal to review. Mr Gillespie of 97 00:05:38,920 --> 00:05:42,680 Speaker 1: the right side of the Aisle barely won the primary 98 00:05:42,760 --> 00:05:46,159 Speaker 1: off of a strong challenge and on the left side. 99 00:05:46,200 --> 00:05:49,280 Speaker 1: Mr mccauloff couldn't run. I'm told so. The lieutenant governor 100 00:05:49,800 --> 00:05:54,359 Speaker 1: uh had some Bernie Sanders like competition and prevailed. Ralph 101 00:05:54,400 --> 00:05:57,360 Speaker 1: Northrom is the Lieutenant governor of Virginia and joins us 102 00:05:57,400 --> 00:06:00,480 Speaker 1: on this historic day. I have to ask the election 103 00:06:00,560 --> 00:06:03,560 Speaker 1: day question, Um, Mr Northa, what are you gonna be 104 00:06:03,640 --> 00:06:06,440 Speaker 1: doing today? Where do you need to travel? Where's the 105 00:06:06,520 --> 00:06:10,760 Speaker 1: geography you're focused on? Well, thank you for having thanks, 106 00:06:10,839 --> 00:06:13,200 Speaker 1: thanks for having me on this morning. And uh, you know, 107 00:06:13,400 --> 00:06:16,640 Speaker 1: our home is in Norfolk, Virginia, so we're starting here locally. 108 00:06:16,680 --> 00:06:19,160 Speaker 1: I've been over to Portsmouth this morning to a pole 109 00:06:19,279 --> 00:06:21,800 Speaker 1: and very exciting over there. A lot of voters are 110 00:06:21,800 --> 00:06:25,800 Speaker 1: showing up. They're really uh focusing on this election. And 111 00:06:26,000 --> 00:06:27,800 Speaker 1: I'll vote here in a little while in Norfolk, and 112 00:06:27,839 --> 00:06:30,640 Speaker 1: we'll make our way up through Richmond and into northern 113 00:06:30,720 --> 00:06:33,839 Speaker 1: Virginia this afternoon and this evening. Dr North amount of 114 00:06:33,839 --> 00:06:36,440 Speaker 1: Eastern Virginia medical And of course you did service with 115 00:06:36,520 --> 00:06:39,440 Speaker 1: the military. Norfolk is a voice and I would say 116 00:06:39,440 --> 00:06:42,640 Speaker 1: that as almost Trump territory. How does the Democrat doing 117 00:06:42,720 --> 00:06:46,880 Speaker 1: Norton and Norfolk? Can you get a cup of coffee? Oh? Absolutely, 118 00:06:46,920 --> 00:06:49,760 Speaker 1: we'll do very well in Norfolk. And I have worked 119 00:06:49,760 --> 00:06:52,320 Speaker 1: at the Children's hospital here for over twenty five years. 120 00:06:52,320 --> 00:06:54,360 Speaker 1: And as you said, I'm a vedroom of the United 121 00:06:54,400 --> 00:06:57,240 Speaker 1: States Army, so this is my backyard. And we expect 122 00:06:57,240 --> 00:07:02,120 Speaker 1: a large turnout here, large military uh uh area here, 123 00:07:02,160 --> 00:07:04,440 Speaker 1: and and a lot of folks in medical care. So 124 00:07:04,960 --> 00:07:08,520 Speaker 1: we'll do real well here. Today I've driven the spike 125 00:07:08,560 --> 00:07:11,800 Speaker 1: called the Spine in Virginia off the Shenandoah and down 126 00:07:11,840 --> 00:07:15,320 Speaker 1: towards Tennessee, and it is a wonderful state of great, 127 00:07:15,400 --> 00:07:20,200 Speaker 1: great variants. How does the President play into this this campaign? 128 00:07:20,520 --> 00:07:23,000 Speaker 1: How does Mr Trump play for you? Is it your 129 00:07:23,080 --> 00:07:26,720 Speaker 1: advantage to have President Trump uh in the in the 130 00:07:26,760 --> 00:07:30,800 Speaker 1: in the background. Well, he's you know, released so many 131 00:07:30,840 --> 00:07:34,160 Speaker 1: detrimental policies out of Washington, starting with the travel band 132 00:07:34,240 --> 00:07:37,679 Speaker 1: that it's just totally Unamerican, and and then pulling away 133 00:07:37,680 --> 00:07:40,120 Speaker 1: from the Paris Accord. We've been made so much privress 134 00:07:40,120 --> 00:07:43,200 Speaker 1: in Virginia with renewable energy, and he wants to reverse 135 00:07:43,320 --> 00:07:45,760 Speaker 1: data and and then finally with health care. And certainly 136 00:07:45,840 --> 00:07:48,200 Speaker 1: that's my background as a position, but you know, to 137 00:07:48,280 --> 00:07:51,400 Speaker 1: put thirty million Americans at risk of losing their coverage 138 00:07:51,440 --> 00:07:54,400 Speaker 1: is just unacceptable. And so it's very important in Virginia 139 00:07:54,400 --> 00:07:57,160 Speaker 1: that someone be at the table that understands health care 140 00:07:57,160 --> 00:08:00,680 Speaker 1: to make sure that Virginia's have access to affordable, quality care. 141 00:08:01,000 --> 00:08:03,520 Speaker 1: That sets it up nicely. But the polling is quite 142 00:08:03,960 --> 00:08:07,080 Speaker 1: close with you with a nudge here as well. Is 143 00:08:07,080 --> 00:08:11,400 Speaker 1: the president a detriment to Mr Gillespie of the Republican Party? 144 00:08:11,720 --> 00:08:13,720 Speaker 1: And how do you how have you played that in 145 00:08:13,760 --> 00:08:17,360 Speaker 1: the last two or three days. Well, his approval writings 146 00:08:17,360 --> 00:08:20,000 Speaker 1: are certainly low. And you know, I find it interesting 147 00:08:20,400 --> 00:08:23,120 Speaker 1: my opponent says he has a good relationship with the President, 148 00:08:23,160 --> 00:08:25,760 Speaker 1: but he's yet to come campaign for him in in 149 00:08:25,840 --> 00:08:29,520 Speaker 1: Virginia's the first first president since nineteen seventy three that 150 00:08:29,520 --> 00:08:32,679 Speaker 1: that hasn't come into Virginia to campaign with his his 151 00:08:33,120 --> 00:08:36,480 Speaker 1: party's candidates. So I think they're in a state of disarray. 152 00:08:36,520 --> 00:08:39,920 Speaker 1: You know, we have a very positive message. We're unified, 153 00:08:39,920 --> 00:08:41,640 Speaker 1: We've got a great ticket, and we look forward to 154 00:08:41,679 --> 00:08:44,000 Speaker 1: a big day here in Virginia. Well within that and 155 00:08:44,040 --> 00:08:46,439 Speaker 1: within that big day is the current moment, which is 156 00:08:46,520 --> 00:08:50,440 Speaker 1: tax reform. My theme on Blueberg surveillance today. Dr north 157 00:08:50,520 --> 00:08:53,840 Speaker 1: Of has been between the middle class and the uber 158 00:08:53,920 --> 00:08:57,880 Speaker 1: wealthy within tax reform is the professional class. I believe 159 00:08:57,920 --> 00:09:01,440 Speaker 1: you're a member of it is a practice physician. Um, 160 00:09:01,760 --> 00:09:05,640 Speaker 1: how about the professional class in Virginia. What is their 161 00:09:05,679 --> 00:09:09,040 Speaker 1: outrage over tax reform and what guidance to the need 162 00:09:09,120 --> 00:09:12,880 Speaker 1: to see from the new governor of Virginia. Well, we 163 00:09:12,880 --> 00:09:16,680 Speaker 1: we obviously need a comprehensive tax reform in Virginia. We 164 00:09:16,720 --> 00:09:19,760 Speaker 1: need a code to this simpler affair that is phisically 165 00:09:19,880 --> 00:09:24,000 Speaker 1: responsible and that's especially what they will protect our triple 166 00:09:24,040 --> 00:09:26,400 Speaker 1: A bond rating. And and that's what we plan to do, 167 00:09:26,520 --> 00:09:30,280 Speaker 1: bring both Republicans named Democrats together and and have a 168 00:09:30,320 --> 00:09:34,600 Speaker 1: tax code reformed. It's it's uh best for business in Virginia. 169 00:09:34,640 --> 00:09:38,760 Speaker 1: And we really can't take a person that's like I'm 170 00:09:38,840 --> 00:09:40,640 Speaker 1: running against it says he wants to do a ten 171 00:09:40,679 --> 00:09:43,400 Speaker 1: percent tax cut for the rich on the acts that 172 00:09:43,480 --> 00:09:48,559 Speaker 1: of working class, that will take investments away from education, healthcare, transportation, 173 00:09:48,640 --> 00:09:51,319 Speaker 1: first responders. So we need someone in Virginia who is 174 00:09:51,320 --> 00:09:54,040 Speaker 1: sphysically responsible and that's what I bring through the table. Okay, 175 00:09:54,080 --> 00:09:56,599 Speaker 1: within that and this is critical litmus test here, I 176 00:09:56,640 --> 00:09:59,840 Speaker 1: mean Mr mccaulliff, Governor mccaull offf of course, with lifelong 177 00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:05,640 Speaker 1: Linton's support and National Democratic Party visibility, you're not. Are 178 00:10:05,720 --> 00:10:10,040 Speaker 1: you the wave of what the Democrats need to get 179 00:10:10,080 --> 00:10:12,760 Speaker 1: back to the center. You a number of times voted 180 00:10:13,160 --> 00:10:16,480 Speaker 1: for some of the Bush presidencies. Are you the kind 181 00:10:16,520 --> 00:10:21,240 Speaker 1: of candidate Democrats need to get used to to take 182 00:10:21,280 --> 00:10:24,000 Speaker 1: the House in two thousand and eighteen and win in 183 00:10:24,040 --> 00:10:27,959 Speaker 1: two thousand and twenty. Absolutely, You know, Virginians are are 184 00:10:28,000 --> 00:10:30,160 Speaker 1: looking for someone with fire in the valley, someone that 185 00:10:30,200 --> 00:10:33,160 Speaker 1: has experienced That's what I bring to the table. Someone 186 00:10:33,160 --> 00:10:35,400 Speaker 1: that will stand up to what's going on in Washington 187 00:10:35,520 --> 00:10:39,120 Speaker 1: right now, which has just been a presidency now that's 188 00:10:39,240 --> 00:10:42,439 Speaker 1: been a divisiveness of hatred, bigotry. You know, that's why 189 00:10:42,520 --> 00:10:44,640 Speaker 1: not that's not what this country is about. It's not 190 00:10:44,679 --> 00:10:48,080 Speaker 1: what Virginia is about. So Virginia is looking for leadership. 191 00:10:48,120 --> 00:10:50,960 Speaker 1: They're looking for civility, and they're looking for a progressive 192 00:10:51,000 --> 00:10:54,480 Speaker 1: person that will fight for for jobs, fight for education 193 00:10:54,520 --> 00:10:57,760 Speaker 1: for our children, health care for all Virginians, UH, make 194 00:10:57,800 --> 00:10:59,880 Speaker 1: sure that we live in safe communities where they're not 195 00:11:00,040 --> 00:11:02,560 Speaker 1: guns on every street boarding and someone that will bring 196 00:11:02,640 --> 00:11:04,920 Speaker 1: back the environment and keep our Aaron water clean and 197 00:11:04,920 --> 00:11:06,640 Speaker 1: that's what I bring you to day. We'll look for 198 00:11:06,640 --> 00:11:08,760 Speaker 1: the results tonight. Dr North, and thank you so much. 199 00:11:08,840 --> 00:11:12,720 Speaker 1: He's a fortieth lieutenant governor of Virginia, uh in the 200 00:11:12,760 --> 00:11:28,520 Speaker 1: governor's election today. Stay with us. This is Bloomberg joining 201 00:11:28,600 --> 00:11:31,920 Speaker 1: us now. Really pleased to bring you. Stephen Copkin. He 202 00:11:32,040 --> 00:11:35,880 Speaker 1: is who were fellow Princeton University professor of history and 203 00:11:36,160 --> 00:11:41,800 Speaker 1: is absolutely authoritative on Russia and the history the fabric 204 00:11:41,880 --> 00:11:44,880 Speaker 1: of all this. Stephen, I'm gonna start with an open question, 205 00:11:45,280 --> 00:11:49,080 Speaker 1: which is we have a president I guess gallivanting through 206 00:11:49,120 --> 00:11:52,280 Speaker 1: Asia or maybe it's Indo Asia. I can't remember what 207 00:11:52,360 --> 00:11:55,960 Speaker 1: the new phrase is. Right now, from where you sit 208 00:11:56,080 --> 00:11:59,360 Speaker 1: with your reach of history, how is the president being 209 00:11:59,400 --> 00:12:04,040 Speaker 1: greeted in Asia? You know we're all waiting to see 210 00:12:04,440 --> 00:12:08,280 Speaker 1: I think that's the excellent question. President Trump is on 211 00:12:08,520 --> 00:12:13,120 Speaker 1: an historic trip, and not only the American public, but 212 00:12:13,200 --> 00:12:15,600 Speaker 1: the publics in Asia want to see something. They want 213 00:12:15,600 --> 00:12:20,560 Speaker 1: to understand the administration. Here's the problem. The problem is 214 00:12:20,559 --> 00:12:25,000 Speaker 1: is we're very obsessed once again with Russia. Russia has 215 00:12:25,160 --> 00:12:30,240 Speaker 1: always been taking too much of American's attention when we 216 00:12:30,320 --> 00:12:33,120 Speaker 1: should be more focused on the very region that Trump 217 00:12:33,200 --> 00:12:37,040 Speaker 1: is visiting, so as he's now our in Asia in part, 218 00:12:37,160 --> 00:12:42,319 Speaker 1: Russia is dominating our news back home and is interceding 219 00:12:42,400 --> 00:12:47,520 Speaker 1: on his trip. I look again at how Mr Putin 220 00:12:47,559 --> 00:12:50,600 Speaker 1: will observe this trip, and I guess there's a domestic 221 00:12:50,640 --> 00:12:53,440 Speaker 1: news slow as well as there's this on Russia or 222 00:12:53,480 --> 00:12:58,000 Speaker 1: that on Russia. Tell us about Russia's reach into Japan, 223 00:12:58,120 --> 00:13:02,440 Speaker 1: Russia's influence on South Korea, and of course the age 224 00:13:02,480 --> 00:13:05,480 Speaker 1: old tension between Russia and China. Give us an update 225 00:13:05,520 --> 00:13:09,280 Speaker 1: on that relationship. So Russia is at a very weak point. 226 00:13:09,360 --> 00:13:12,880 Speaker 1: Right now it looks strong, but that's actually a mirage. 227 00:13:13,559 --> 00:13:18,439 Speaker 1: Russia's GDP is one fifteen the size of America's GDP. 228 00:13:19,240 --> 00:13:23,000 Speaker 1: Russia's defense budget is about one eleventh the size of 229 00:13:23,040 --> 00:13:28,720 Speaker 1: America's defense budget. Russia is only interceding in places abroad 230 00:13:28,800 --> 00:13:32,679 Speaker 1: because the Americans are not there. The fact that the 231 00:13:32,800 --> 00:13:36,959 Speaker 1: US is in some foreign policy disarray has given an 232 00:13:36,960 --> 00:13:40,480 Speaker 1: opening to President Putin that he has seized. At the 233 00:13:40,520 --> 00:13:44,720 Speaker 1: same time, Russia's reach in Asia is limited. It has 234 00:13:44,920 --> 00:13:49,320 Speaker 1: a relationship with North Korea dating back to communist times, 235 00:13:49,360 --> 00:13:54,080 Speaker 1: but its relations with Japan of stalemated. Its relations with 236 00:13:55,040 --> 00:14:00,679 Speaker 1: India are balanced, but not necessarily anything close to one alliance. 237 00:14:01,080 --> 00:14:03,400 Speaker 1: The big story is Russia and China and where that 238 00:14:03,480 --> 00:14:06,440 Speaker 1: might be going. Right, But Steve, first of all, Russia 239 00:14:06,800 --> 00:14:10,040 Speaker 1: needs to get stronger in terms of GDP if there's 240 00:14:10,080 --> 00:14:13,120 Speaker 1: going to be any headway and kind of foreign policy. 241 00:14:13,240 --> 00:14:16,440 Speaker 1: We just broke a headline from OPEC saying they see 242 00:14:16,480 --> 00:14:20,000 Speaker 1: US shale oil powering ahead after they boosted prices by 243 00:14:20,000 --> 00:14:23,800 Speaker 1: cutting production with Russia. What kind of oil level does 244 00:14:23,840 --> 00:14:28,480 Speaker 1: Russia need to balance the books? The Russia's economy is 245 00:14:28,720 --> 00:14:31,840 Speaker 1: not as dependent on oil and gas as we understand. 246 00:14:32,480 --> 00:14:35,000 Speaker 1: What's dependent on oil and gas for Russia is their 247 00:14:35,040 --> 00:14:40,080 Speaker 1: government budget. So the more US raises its own domestic 248 00:14:40,120 --> 00:14:45,000 Speaker 1: output of energy, including hydrocarbons, the more difficult it is 249 00:14:45,040 --> 00:14:47,760 Speaker 1: for Russia to balance the books and to spend money 250 00:14:47,760 --> 00:14:51,640 Speaker 1: on its military. So for American farm policy, it's very 251 00:14:51,640 --> 00:14:54,800 Speaker 1: good news the shale boom, and for Russian farm policy 252 00:14:55,040 --> 00:14:59,120 Speaker 1: it is yet another sign of trouble. Okay, do we 253 00:14:59,200 --> 00:15:01,360 Speaker 1: need to stop e We started the interview by sit 254 00:15:01,480 --> 00:15:04,120 Speaker 1: by you saying that actually we need to stop focusing 255 00:15:04,240 --> 00:15:06,960 Speaker 1: too much on Russian, focus on Asia. But can that 256 00:15:07,040 --> 00:15:11,160 Speaker 1: only happen after these probes on links between the Trump 257 00:15:11,160 --> 00:15:15,920 Speaker 1: administration and Russia are over. I hope not. I hope 258 00:15:15,960 --> 00:15:19,760 Speaker 1: it starts immediately. This is the thing about Russia. So 259 00:15:19,880 --> 00:15:24,000 Speaker 1: they stole some emails from Hillary Clinton and the Democratic 260 00:15:24,160 --> 00:15:27,760 Speaker 1: National Committee, so they tried to sew discord in the 261 00:15:27,840 --> 00:15:30,800 Speaker 1: United States. But what did they get in terms of 262 00:15:30,840 --> 00:15:35,680 Speaker 1: strategic gain from this interference? The interference must be punished. 263 00:15:35,960 --> 00:15:38,960 Speaker 1: Russia must not feel that they can do this with impunity. 264 00:15:39,440 --> 00:15:43,160 Speaker 1: But I don't think they gained anything whatsoever. Their GDP 265 00:15:43,400 --> 00:15:47,040 Speaker 1: is still stagnant, there's still a fraction of our economy. 266 00:15:47,160 --> 00:15:50,240 Speaker 1: They still cannot afford the kind of military they'd like 267 00:15:50,320 --> 00:15:54,000 Speaker 1: to see. Russia is in massive decline, and we need 268 00:15:54,040 --> 00:15:58,440 Speaker 1: to remember which one here is the superpower. Stephen Coott 269 00:15:58,520 --> 00:16:00,360 Speaker 1: can thank you. So I's too short of his it today. 270 00:16:00,360 --> 00:16:02,960 Speaker 1: We're looking forward to a longer discussion, uh in the 271 00:16:03,000 --> 00:16:05,520 Speaker 1: weeks that had Mr Cotton, of course Dr Cotton at 272 00:16:05,520 --> 00:16:22,640 Speaker 1: Princeton University and the Woodrow Wilson School as well. And 273 00:16:22,760 --> 00:16:26,440 Speaker 1: now I would suggest the most important political interview of 274 00:16:26,480 --> 00:16:29,160 Speaker 1: the day, fancy the quiet that yesterday was Secretary of 275 00:16:29,200 --> 00:16:33,800 Speaker 1: Commerce Wilbur Ross Tom Perez. It's a fascinating path out 276 00:16:33,800 --> 00:16:38,320 Speaker 1: of Buffalo and Canesus High School. UH. Mr Perez comes 277 00:16:38,320 --> 00:16:41,960 Speaker 1: from a diplomatic Dominican Republican family and his father was 278 00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:45,840 Speaker 1: a physician for years within the United States. He is 279 00:16:45,960 --> 00:16:49,640 Speaker 1: the chair of the Democratic National Committee, which is worse 280 00:16:49,680 --> 00:16:53,160 Speaker 1: than hurting cats at the Supreme Court. Tom Perez, good morning. 281 00:16:53,360 --> 00:16:56,080 Speaker 1: Let's start with the news flow. What do you need 282 00:16:56,800 --> 00:17:00,600 Speaker 1: tonight out of the election results? Well, I've feel pretty 283 00:17:00,600 --> 00:17:03,720 Speaker 1: confident about tonight. UH. We have a great candidate in 284 00:17:03,840 --> 00:17:07,920 Speaker 1: New Jersey, Phil Murphy and Sheel Oliver poised to make history. 285 00:17:07,960 --> 00:17:11,639 Speaker 1: We've got great candidates in Virginia, Ralph Northam and justin Fairfax, 286 00:17:11,680 --> 00:17:14,880 Speaker 1: and a great Attorney general candidate, Mark Carring. We've had 287 00:17:15,000 --> 00:17:21,480 Speaker 1: unprecedented UH voter engagement. We knocked on over a million doors, 288 00:17:21,520 --> 00:17:24,040 Speaker 1: twice as many as Terry mccaullof did four years ago. 289 00:17:24,040 --> 00:17:29,280 Speaker 1: And he did a great job, Terry, Terry. UH three 290 00:17:29,720 --> 00:17:33,000 Speaker 1: point seven percent unemployment there now. And what I've learned 291 00:17:33,000 --> 00:17:36,440 Speaker 1: in my UH many many travels to Virginia is that 292 00:17:36,840 --> 00:17:39,800 Speaker 1: people want a leader who's going to be continuing the 293 00:17:39,840 --> 00:17:41,840 Speaker 1: fight for good jobs. They want a leader who's gonna 294 00:17:41,880 --> 00:17:44,960 Speaker 1: fight for access to health care for all, and UH 295 00:17:45,200 --> 00:17:48,320 Speaker 1: they want uniters and Ralph Ralph Northam is a healer 296 00:17:48,400 --> 00:17:50,960 Speaker 1: and then Frankly had Gillespie's a divider. I want to 297 00:17:51,000 --> 00:17:54,240 Speaker 1: suggest Tom Perez, and this is after you replaced Donner 298 00:17:54,240 --> 00:17:57,439 Speaker 1: Brazil as head of the Democratic a ship that every 299 00:17:57,480 --> 00:18:01,800 Speaker 1: Republican's watching you and your party. Is tonight the night 300 00:18:01,960 --> 00:18:05,639 Speaker 1: where the Democrats shift from the election of two thousand 301 00:18:05,680 --> 00:18:08,919 Speaker 1: and sixteen, or does that wait for some path on 302 00:18:08,960 --> 00:18:11,879 Speaker 1: the way to two thousand and eighteen? Is this the 303 00:18:12,000 --> 00:18:15,879 Speaker 1: night where you move on from Clinton? Kane? Well, I 304 00:18:15,920 --> 00:18:18,399 Speaker 1: shifted long ago because as soon as I got in 305 00:18:18,440 --> 00:18:21,040 Speaker 1: this job, we were all about building a Democratic party 306 00:18:21,040 --> 00:18:22,879 Speaker 1: that can win elections up and down the ballot. We 307 00:18:23,000 --> 00:18:25,959 Speaker 1: changed our mission statement. We're here to elect Democrats up 308 00:18:25,960 --> 00:18:30,320 Speaker 1: and down the ticket. Okay, but can you go horizontal 309 00:18:30,720 --> 00:18:35,120 Speaker 1: and elect Democrats and Republican geographies that Mr Trump took. Well, 310 00:18:35,160 --> 00:18:37,439 Speaker 1: actually the answer to that is yes, and we And 311 00:18:37,480 --> 00:18:39,200 Speaker 1: let me give you some examples. We've had a number 312 00:18:39,200 --> 00:18:41,720 Speaker 1: of state special elections this year, and the new d 313 00:18:41,880 --> 00:18:45,399 Speaker 1: n C is about organizing, organizing, organizing, and competing in 314 00:18:45,440 --> 00:18:48,080 Speaker 1: every zip code. There were three special elections for state 315 00:18:48,160 --> 00:18:52,280 Speaker 1: legislative seats that came open in Oklahoma three and what 316 00:18:52,320 --> 00:18:54,399 Speaker 1: they all had in common is they were Trump country. 317 00:18:54,680 --> 00:18:58,560 Speaker 1: Trump won them by something like twenty points. The Democrats 318 00:18:58,800 --> 00:19:02,600 Speaker 1: swept all three elections, how because we had good candidates, 319 00:19:02,880 --> 00:19:05,119 Speaker 1: we had boots on the ground, We were organizing and 320 00:19:05,160 --> 00:19:09,040 Speaker 1: talking to people, and we lead with our values. And 321 00:19:09,080 --> 00:19:12,240 Speaker 1: in those cases the issues of education where I want 322 00:19:12,400 --> 00:19:14,040 Speaker 1: I want to go right there. I don't mean to interrupt. 323 00:19:14,080 --> 00:19:15,920 Speaker 1: I know you've got a tight schedule to Mr. Pros, 324 00:19:16,000 --> 00:19:19,240 Speaker 1: but this is too important for the nation. The values 325 00:19:19,359 --> 00:19:23,520 Speaker 1: are they new values from two thousand sixteen. And I mean, 326 00:19:23,520 --> 00:19:27,240 Speaker 1: I'm glad you mentioned Oklahoma. Maybe Bernie Sanders didn't campaign 327 00:19:27,280 --> 00:19:29,720 Speaker 1: there for you, but if you moved on from the 328 00:19:29,800 --> 00:19:32,800 Speaker 1: seventy and the eighty year olds who are from another era, 329 00:19:34,040 --> 00:19:38,520 Speaker 1: well again we're winning elections. Uh. In Oklahoma is one example. 330 00:19:39,280 --> 00:19:41,879 Speaker 1: New Hampshire we took a seat that the Republicans that 331 00:19:42,000 --> 00:19:45,960 Speaker 1: held since Florida. We just run a seat that the Republicans, 332 00:19:46,440 --> 00:19:49,200 Speaker 1: a state Senate seat that is that Republicans won by 333 00:19:49,200 --> 00:19:51,720 Speaker 1: double digits last year. We've shown that we can win 334 00:19:51,800 --> 00:19:55,280 Speaker 1: when we are organizing, when we're leading with our values, 335 00:19:55,320 --> 00:19:57,440 Speaker 1: and our values are all about making sure that We 336 00:19:57,760 --> 00:20:01,919 Speaker 1: believe that shared prosperity is what makes America great. We 337 00:20:02,000 --> 00:20:04,119 Speaker 1: believe that health care is are right for all, not 338 00:20:04,160 --> 00:20:06,080 Speaker 1: a privilege for a few, and we have to have 339 00:20:06,200 --> 00:20:09,000 Speaker 1: a we have we have people's back. That's what I've 340 00:20:09,000 --> 00:20:12,000 Speaker 1: always said. We're Phil Murphy and New Jersey. I have 341 00:20:12,160 --> 00:20:14,800 Speaker 1: your back on healthcare. I have your back on good jobs. 342 00:20:14,840 --> 00:20:17,960 Speaker 1: I have your back on uh quality public education. I 343 00:20:18,040 --> 00:20:20,639 Speaker 1: have your back on making sure that your kids have 344 00:20:20,760 --> 00:20:23,280 Speaker 1: a brighter future. And that's what we're fighting for. And 345 00:20:23,560 --> 00:20:26,120 Speaker 1: we've got to talk to people day in and day out. 346 00:20:26,160 --> 00:20:30,480 Speaker 1: We we stopped organizing everywhere. We seated too many geographic 347 00:20:30,760 --> 00:20:33,000 Speaker 1: sectors of the country, and the New d n C 348 00:20:33,200 --> 00:20:35,320 Speaker 1: is playing in every zip code and we're investing in 349 00:20:35,359 --> 00:20:38,360 Speaker 1: people and we're building those relationships. That's how you win elections, 350 00:20:38,359 --> 00:20:40,960 Speaker 1: by getting to know people, by being a good listener, 351 00:20:41,440 --> 00:20:45,239 Speaker 1: and by fielding candidates who respond to the issues that 352 00:20:45,280 --> 00:20:48,239 Speaker 1: matter most to people. Right, but Mr Paris, with all 353 00:20:48,280 --> 00:20:50,800 Speaker 1: due respect, you know from London, who's the person that 354 00:20:50,840 --> 00:20:53,640 Speaker 1: you would put to go head to head with President 355 00:20:53,640 --> 00:20:56,719 Speaker 1: Trump if there was an election tomorrow national election for 356 00:20:56,800 --> 00:20:58,600 Speaker 1: the President of the United States. Oh, we have a 357 00:20:58,720 --> 00:21:00,960 Speaker 1: number of candidates. I'm com it there will be double 358 00:21:01,000 --> 00:21:05,440 Speaker 1: digit numbers of Democrats competing. There will be there may 359 00:21:05,440 --> 00:21:08,760 Speaker 1: be mayors, governors, members of Congress and Senate. Well, I'm 360 00:21:08,800 --> 00:21:13,600 Speaker 1: not the less oh now that that if I answered 361 00:21:13,640 --> 00:21:17,320 Speaker 1: that question, I would be committing the precise mistake that 362 00:21:17,720 --> 00:21:20,040 Speaker 1: sometimes people in the past have been accused of doing. 363 00:21:20,119 --> 00:21:22,320 Speaker 1: My job is to make sure that the process to 364 00:21:22,359 --> 00:21:26,080 Speaker 1: elect the next Democrat is fair for everybody. And we 365 00:21:26,160 --> 00:21:28,560 Speaker 1: have a bumper crop of folks who are going to emerge, 366 00:21:28,600 --> 00:21:30,320 Speaker 1: I have no doubt about it. And my job is 367 00:21:30,359 --> 00:21:32,800 Speaker 1: to make sure that everybody has a fair shake. And 368 00:21:32,840 --> 00:21:36,440 Speaker 1: the mayor of Los Angeles do well in the Oklahoma 369 00:21:36,560 --> 00:21:39,520 Speaker 1: you just mentioned. He's getting a buzz right now, Mr Cassetti, 370 00:21:39,840 --> 00:21:42,679 Speaker 1: can he do well in Oklahoma? Well? Again, Uh, I 371 00:21:42,720 --> 00:21:46,080 Speaker 1: don't wanna take any one individual. Eric Arseti is someone 372 00:21:46,119 --> 00:21:48,800 Speaker 1: I know well. I have tremendous respect for. He just 373 00:21:48,840 --> 00:21:53,320 Speaker 1: brought the Olympic Games back to the United States. And uh, 374 00:21:53,320 --> 00:21:55,760 Speaker 1: the Los Angeles if it were its own country would 375 00:21:55,760 --> 00:21:59,600 Speaker 1: be something like the World and GDP. So we have 376 00:21:59,680 --> 00:22:01,480 Speaker 1: a lot of leaders at a local level. We have 377 00:22:01,520 --> 00:22:04,760 Speaker 1: a lot of leaders at a state level, Governors, some 378 00:22:04,880 --> 00:22:08,439 Speaker 1: who are recognized names, some who are not, all of 379 00:22:08,440 --> 00:22:11,439 Speaker 1: whom are remarkably talented. Same thing in the Senate. And 380 00:22:11,760 --> 00:22:13,440 Speaker 1: I want to go back to the geography you grew 381 00:22:13,480 --> 00:22:17,000 Speaker 1: up with. You grew up in Buffalo, New York. You go, 382 00:22:17,160 --> 00:22:20,040 Speaker 1: you go east of Buffalo, and I grew up in Rochester. 383 00:22:20,440 --> 00:22:23,919 Speaker 1: We're barely on speaking terms, Tom Perez. Between Rochester and 384 00:22:23,960 --> 00:22:29,040 Speaker 1: Buffalo is Trump territory. What does your candidate need to 385 00:22:29,080 --> 00:22:33,760 Speaker 1: do to engage the people that many would suggest Secretary 386 00:22:33,800 --> 00:22:37,119 Speaker 1: Clinton was unable to engage with. Do you need to 387 00:22:37,119 --> 00:22:41,080 Speaker 1: go back to Scoop Jackson democratic politics? Do you need 388 00:22:41,160 --> 00:22:44,400 Speaker 1: to go back to a calculus of Buffalo politics from 389 00:22:44,400 --> 00:22:48,080 Speaker 1: another era? Well, first of all, the mayor of Buffalo 390 00:22:48,160 --> 00:22:50,320 Speaker 1: is a Democrat. The mayor of Rochester's a Democrat, and 391 00:22:50,359 --> 00:22:52,879 Speaker 1: we're about to elect the Democrat today in Syracuse. So 392 00:22:53,080 --> 00:22:56,560 Speaker 1: we're getting the big cities in UH in western New York, 393 00:22:56,760 --> 00:22:58,560 Speaker 1: but we also have to have the suburbs and the 394 00:22:58,600 --> 00:23:01,400 Speaker 1: experts and UH and and the way we do that 395 00:23:01,760 --> 00:23:04,600 Speaker 1: is to speak to the issues that matter most of people. 396 00:23:04,680 --> 00:23:06,600 Speaker 1: People are scared to death that Donald Trump is going 397 00:23:06,640 --> 00:23:09,240 Speaker 1: to take their healthcare away. People are scared to death 398 00:23:09,280 --> 00:23:12,240 Speaker 1: that he's going to get us into a war because 399 00:23:12,480 --> 00:23:16,240 Speaker 1: his bluster is so antithetical to what we need to 400 00:23:16,280 --> 00:23:20,120 Speaker 1: do as a nation moving forward. And people want leaders 401 00:23:20,400 --> 00:23:23,680 Speaker 1: who are going to unite our country. And so when 402 00:23:23,680 --> 00:23:25,600 Speaker 1: I'm when I'm out there what we have to do 403 00:23:25,640 --> 00:23:27,560 Speaker 1: and what we in fact are doing. Again I said, 404 00:23:27,560 --> 00:23:29,800 Speaker 1: every zip code counts. We go out there and we 405 00:23:29,880 --> 00:23:32,240 Speaker 1: talk to people, but in Buffalo, and they want to 406 00:23:32,359 --> 00:23:35,080 Speaker 1: they want the right to organize the union. And Donald 407 00:23:35,119 --> 00:23:39,000 Speaker 1: Trump doesn't believe that. Mr Press Good News, Greg vill 408 00:23:39,359 --> 00:23:41,919 Speaker 1: Horizon says, you people have a chance to take the House. 409 00:23:42,359 --> 00:23:46,040 Speaker 1: Does that begin tonight in in when you line up 410 00:23:46,040 --> 00:23:49,200 Speaker 1: the ducks of the House. Do you have the candidates 411 00:23:49,280 --> 00:23:52,399 Speaker 1: in those zip codes to take the House from the 412 00:23:52,440 --> 00:23:57,399 Speaker 1: Republicans in twenty four months? Oh? Absolutely months. It's twelve 413 00:23:57,440 --> 00:24:00,119 Speaker 1: months from today. We'll be having actually lesson to all 414 00:24:00,160 --> 00:24:02,200 Speaker 1: months because I think election day is the second next 415 00:24:02,240 --> 00:24:05,359 Speaker 1: year or the third uh. And the short answer is absolutely. 416 00:24:05,680 --> 00:24:08,159 Speaker 1: You you look at the number of candidates who have 417 00:24:08,280 --> 00:24:11,560 Speaker 1: stepped up not only for um UH the U S. 418 00:24:11,600 --> 00:24:15,120 Speaker 1: House races next year. There there's there's upwards of eighty 419 00:24:15,240 --> 00:24:19,280 Speaker 1: seats that are legitimately in play because we have great 420 00:24:19,359 --> 00:24:21,919 Speaker 1: candidates who are delivering a great message. And we have 421 00:24:21,960 --> 00:24:25,560 Speaker 1: a president who is not draining the swamp. He's just 422 00:24:25,600 --> 00:24:28,040 Speaker 1: filling it with his own alligators. And they're bigger and 423 00:24:28,080 --> 00:24:30,560 Speaker 1: so uh. And we're seeing that this year. We have 424 00:24:30,680 --> 00:24:34,359 Speaker 1: tremendous candidates running for state offices in Virginia, the House 425 00:24:34,359 --> 00:24:37,960 Speaker 1: of Delegates. There remarkable people there. And in order to 426 00:24:38,040 --> 00:24:41,359 Speaker 1: make sure we are able to take back the U. 427 00:24:41,440 --> 00:24:43,560 Speaker 1: S House of Representatives, we've got to take back more 428 00:24:43,560 --> 00:24:46,080 Speaker 1: state houses. And one house that we're gonna take back 429 00:24:46,080 --> 00:24:49,159 Speaker 1: tonight is the state Senate in Washington State, where we 430 00:24:49,240 --> 00:24:52,239 Speaker 1: have a special election today. We have invested in it. 431 00:24:52,560 --> 00:24:55,520 Speaker 1: The Democrat is going to win that seat, I predict, 432 00:24:55,680 --> 00:24:58,440 Speaker 1: and then we will take over. We will control the Senate, 433 00:24:58,480 --> 00:25:01,240 Speaker 1: the House, and the governorship in Washington. Stay. We'll keep scoring. 434 00:25:01,320 --> 00:25:04,199 Speaker 1: We'll see if you can make the light sparkle as 435 00:25:04,320 --> 00:25:06,880 Speaker 1: Robert Redford did in Buffalo, New York and the Natural 436 00:25:06,960 --> 00:25:09,680 Speaker 1: a few years ago. Tam Barez from Buffalo. He is 437 00:25:09,720 --> 00:25:13,119 Speaker 1: the chair of the Democratic UH National Committee. In a 438 00:25:13,160 --> 00:25:15,159 Speaker 1: big night, I want to make clear again, folks, we 439 00:25:15,280 --> 00:25:20,879 Speaker 1: efforted many GOP candidates and experts and leaders as well, 440 00:25:21,040 --> 00:25:23,480 Speaker 1: and we'll have them on in the coming days. Thanks 441 00:25:23,520 --> 00:25:26,800 Speaker 1: to David Goldwan and our team Down and Washington for 442 00:25:26,800 --> 00:25:39,200 Speaker 1: that effort. Thanks for listening to the Bloomberg Surveillance podcast. 443 00:25:39,640 --> 00:25:44,879 Speaker 1: Subscribe and listen to interviews on Apple Podcasts, SoundCloud, or 444 00:25:44,960 --> 00:25:49,280 Speaker 1: whichever podcast platform you prefer. I'm on Twitter at Tom Keene. 445 00:25:49,359 --> 00:25:53,720 Speaker 1: David Gura is at David Gura. Before the podcast, you 446 00:25:53,760 --> 00:26:01,400 Speaker 1: can always catch us worldwide. I'm Bloomberg Radio.