1 00:00:00,280 --> 00:00:04,640 Speaker 1: Welcome to Noble Blood, a production of iHeartRadio and Grim 2 00:00:04,680 --> 00:00:11,200 Speaker 1: and Mild from Aaron Manky. Listener discretion advised before we begin. 3 00:00:11,480 --> 00:00:14,840 Speaker 1: Just a very very exciting announcement. I am so thrilled 4 00:00:15,160 --> 00:00:18,400 Speaker 1: that next July July twenty twenty five, I will be 5 00:00:18,520 --> 00:00:22,599 Speaker 1: leading a pilgrimage to the Cotswalds in England to talk 6 00:00:22,600 --> 00:00:25,360 Speaker 1: about the novel The Remains of the Day by kazu 7 00:00:25,440 --> 00:00:28,400 Speaker 1: Ishi Guru, the Nobel Prize winner. First, if you haven't 8 00:00:28,400 --> 00:00:31,240 Speaker 1: read the novel, it is absolutely one of my favorite 9 00:00:31,240 --> 00:00:34,280 Speaker 1: books and I cannot think of a better way to 10 00:00:34,360 --> 00:00:37,720 Speaker 1: appreciate it. Then get a great group of people together 11 00:00:38,080 --> 00:00:39,000 Speaker 1: talk about the book. 12 00:00:39,040 --> 00:00:42,320 Speaker 2: These pilgrimages are so much fun. We talk about a book, 13 00:00:42,440 --> 00:00:45,239 Speaker 2: there's writing, You go on walks every day, you get 14 00:00:45,240 --> 00:00:49,560 Speaker 2: to explore these amazing tiny towns, stay at beautiful locations. 15 00:00:49,800 --> 00:00:53,000 Speaker 2: This is actually the third program I've done with this company. 16 00:00:53,080 --> 00:00:56,319 Speaker 2: The company is called common Ground. So yeah, if this 17 00:00:56,400 --> 00:00:59,240 Speaker 2: interests you, If you think that next summer you'll want 18 00:00:59,280 --> 00:01:03,560 Speaker 2: to be in a English town talking about a brilliant book, 19 00:01:04,080 --> 00:01:07,040 Speaker 2: working on your own writing, and going on walks, you 20 00:01:07,080 --> 00:01:09,959 Speaker 2: should absolutely sign up. I know there's a few spots 21 00:01:10,080 --> 00:01:14,959 Speaker 2: left register common ground Pilgrimages Remains of the Day Danish Schwartz. 22 00:01:15,000 --> 00:01:18,440 Speaker 2: The website is actually reading and walking with dot com. 23 00:01:18,520 --> 00:01:21,280 Speaker 2: I'm gonna put it on my Instagram, so take a look. 24 00:01:21,280 --> 00:01:24,280 Speaker 2: If that excites you, I would just love to be 25 00:01:24,360 --> 00:01:27,760 Speaker 2: there with you. I've had such a good experience doing 26 00:01:27,800 --> 00:01:31,160 Speaker 2: these pilgrimages, leading these tours. They're just so much fun. 27 00:01:31,160 --> 00:01:33,479 Speaker 2: It's my favorite thing to do, to talk about literature, 28 00:01:33,560 --> 00:01:36,760 Speaker 2: to work on writing, to go on beautiful walks. I 29 00:01:37,160 --> 00:01:39,759 Speaker 2: can't think of a better way to spend a few 30 00:01:39,840 --> 00:01:42,800 Speaker 2: days in the summer. So if this interests you, there 31 00:01:42,800 --> 00:01:45,479 Speaker 2: are still spots available for the Remains of the Day 32 00:01:45,560 --> 00:01:53,440 Speaker 2: pilgrimage in the Cotswaltz. Before we begin today's episode one, 33 00:01:53,640 --> 00:01:58,920 Speaker 2: brief content note. This episode mentions references to the murder 34 00:01:59,000 --> 00:02:02,920 Speaker 2: of children if that is especially disturbing for you. Obviously 35 00:02:03,000 --> 00:02:05,800 Speaker 2: it's disturbing for everyone, but if that's an issue that 36 00:02:06,080 --> 00:02:08,720 Speaker 2: requires more sensitivity for you, this might be an episode 37 00:02:08,760 --> 00:02:18,160 Speaker 2: to skip. Mud and wet garbage squashed beneath people's feet 38 00:02:18,639 --> 00:02:22,960 Speaker 2: as everyone wandered slowly through the town of Nant in France. 39 00:02:23,639 --> 00:02:26,440 Speaker 2: It had rained all night, but luckily the rain had 40 00:02:26,480 --> 00:02:31,560 Speaker 2: stopped in time for the day's planned executions. It was 41 00:02:31,639 --> 00:02:38,320 Speaker 2: October twenty seventh, fourteen forty, and three convicted men had 42 00:02:38,360 --> 00:02:42,400 Speaker 2: been sentenced to death just the day before. No one, 43 00:02:42,520 --> 00:02:47,400 Speaker 2: not even the convicts themselves, wished to delay their inevitable fate, 44 00:02:48,080 --> 00:02:51,920 Speaker 2: and so the general public of nant all processed towards 45 00:02:52,160 --> 00:02:56,799 Speaker 2: the scaffolds. With all of the quote, ritual, pomp and 46 00:02:57,080 --> 00:03:01,200 Speaker 2: music that characterized the procession. It would have been hard 47 00:03:01,280 --> 00:03:05,160 Speaker 2: to miss the parade, and before long the number of 48 00:03:05,280 --> 00:03:11,720 Speaker 2: people in the group multiplied, and despite the heinous crimes 49 00:03:11,760 --> 00:03:16,640 Speaker 2: supposedly committed by these men, the townspeople walking to the 50 00:03:16,680 --> 00:03:21,799 Speaker 2: scaffold actually started praying for the leader of the criminals, 51 00:03:22,720 --> 00:03:28,320 Speaker 2: praying for Gille Deray and his salvation. Gille, a baron 52 00:03:28,440 --> 00:03:33,040 Speaker 2: in the region, listened intently to those prayers. He was 53 00:03:33,120 --> 00:03:37,800 Speaker 2: an intensely religious man, and his salvation was the most 54 00:03:37,800 --> 00:03:41,880 Speaker 2: important thing to him. He was only able to calmly 55 00:03:42,080 --> 00:03:45,240 Speaker 2: accept the news because he knew that he had been 56 00:03:45,400 --> 00:03:50,280 Speaker 2: absolved and salvation would be possible. After all, he had 57 00:03:50,320 --> 00:03:53,520 Speaker 2: done everything the courts had asked of him. He had 58 00:03:53,520 --> 00:03:57,560 Speaker 2: confessed to the crimes and made his confession as lurid 59 00:03:57,600 --> 00:04:02,320 Speaker 2: as he could. He even begged forgiveness from the victim's families. 60 00:04:03,000 --> 00:04:06,800 Speaker 2: In response, the Catholic Church had assured him that his 61 00:04:06,920 --> 00:04:11,720 Speaker 2: confession lifted the ban of excommunication that had been placed 62 00:04:11,720 --> 00:04:16,040 Speaker 2: on him. Execution would send him to Heaven, not hell, 63 00:04:16,200 --> 00:04:20,360 Speaker 2: they said, and even though his reputation on earth was 64 00:04:20,680 --> 00:04:26,000 Speaker 2: tarnished beyond repair, Jill knew that God knew the truth. 65 00:04:27,240 --> 00:04:31,600 Speaker 2: After walking for two hours, the swollen crowd reached the 66 00:04:31,640 --> 00:04:36,160 Speaker 2: site of execution. Jill was ushered to stand alongside his 67 00:04:36,279 --> 00:04:40,240 Speaker 2: two servants and alleged partners in crime, and he had 68 00:04:40,279 --> 00:04:44,039 Speaker 2: the noose placed around his neck. Looking out at the 69 00:04:44,080 --> 00:04:47,279 Speaker 2: crowd that had come to watch him hang, he would 70 00:04:47,320 --> 00:04:51,040 Speaker 2: have seen familiar faces. He would have seen people who 71 00:04:51,120 --> 00:04:55,160 Speaker 2: had staffed his homes, who had acted in his pageants 72 00:04:55,200 --> 00:04:59,840 Speaker 2: and plays, and fought under his banner, people he had 73 00:05:00,920 --> 00:05:04,279 Speaker 2: and who had gone on to call for his conviction 74 00:05:04,680 --> 00:05:08,720 Speaker 2: and his death. Jill closed his eyes as he felt 75 00:05:08,800 --> 00:05:12,960 Speaker 2: the rope around his neck titan. The calls of prayer 76 00:05:13,120 --> 00:05:17,960 Speaker 2: and the juxtaposing shouts of excitement for his death faded 77 00:05:18,040 --> 00:05:22,520 Speaker 2: away as Jill turned his mind only toward heaven and 78 00:05:22,640 --> 00:05:27,720 Speaker 2: his eternal reward. With a swift pull, the world went black, 79 00:05:28,080 --> 00:05:32,640 Speaker 2: and Jill Deray the Man died. In that same moment, 80 00:05:33,279 --> 00:05:38,920 Speaker 2: Jill Deray the legend was born. This man's story might 81 00:05:39,000 --> 00:05:42,560 Speaker 2: not sound familiar to you. It probably just sounds like 82 00:05:42,640 --> 00:05:47,599 Speaker 2: a generic tale of medieval execution. But if you've read 83 00:05:47,720 --> 00:05:53,600 Speaker 2: any particularly gruesome Internet listicles, maybe in honor of Halloween 84 00:05:53,800 --> 00:05:59,000 Speaker 2: and spooky season talking about history's scariest figures, you might 85 00:05:59,080 --> 00:06:05,640 Speaker 2: have encountered Gildaurey's's name. His story has been misrepresented knowingly 86 00:06:05,800 --> 00:06:11,400 Speaker 2: or unknowingly by historians across multiple centuries, and in this episode, 87 00:06:11,760 --> 00:06:14,680 Speaker 2: I want to try to talk about what might have 88 00:06:14,880 --> 00:06:21,040 Speaker 2: really happened This man, Gilday's has been labeled for centuries 89 00:06:21,480 --> 00:06:26,640 Speaker 2: as one of the most prolific and sadistic serial killers 90 00:06:26,680 --> 00:06:30,760 Speaker 2: in history. But it's time we take a closer look 91 00:06:31,440 --> 00:06:36,960 Speaker 2: and ask a simple question, was he even guilty? I'm 92 00:06:37,040 --> 00:06:44,840 Speaker 2: Dana Schwartz and this is Noble Blood. Over the past 93 00:06:45,080 --> 00:06:49,400 Speaker 2: five wow years here at Noble Blood, we've covered many 94 00:06:49,839 --> 00:06:56,040 Speaker 2: notorious historical figures, including one Elizabeth Bathory. Across the Internet, 95 00:06:56,120 --> 00:07:00,640 Speaker 2: you will find no shortage of sillacious descriptions of Elizabeth 96 00:07:00,680 --> 00:07:04,839 Speaker 2: Bathory as a ruthless serial killer who would bathe in 97 00:07:04,920 --> 00:07:08,920 Speaker 2: her young victim's blood in order to try to remain youthful. 98 00:07:09,680 --> 00:07:13,080 Speaker 2: But as covered in our episode The Blood Countess, the 99 00:07:13,320 --> 00:07:18,320 Speaker 2: bathing in blood was a complete fabrication, and it's even 100 00:07:18,520 --> 00:07:24,200 Speaker 2: possible that Elizabeth Bathory was entirely framed by political opponents 101 00:07:24,360 --> 00:07:28,840 Speaker 2: threatened by her power. Elizabeth's story and the way it 102 00:07:28,920 --> 00:07:33,440 Speaker 2: became infamous is not too dissimilar from the story of 103 00:07:33,520 --> 00:07:37,880 Speaker 2: the subject of this episode, Jill Deray. As I mentioned 104 00:07:37,960 --> 00:07:41,760 Speaker 2: in the introduction, he's touted across the web as a 105 00:07:41,880 --> 00:07:46,800 Speaker 2: brutal serial killer and pedophile who violated over one hundred 106 00:07:46,840 --> 00:07:51,960 Speaker 2: and forty children in medieval France. It's an astonishing and 107 00:07:52,240 --> 00:07:56,320 Speaker 2: gruesome claim, and it's easy to understand why it attracts 108 00:07:56,440 --> 00:08:00,480 Speaker 2: so much salacious attention. But in the in tyst of 109 00:08:00,520 --> 00:08:04,520 Speaker 2: diving a little deeper, let's go now to northwestern France 110 00:08:04,600 --> 00:08:09,000 Speaker 2: in the fourteen hundreds to examine who Jildray actually was 111 00:08:09,560 --> 00:08:12,920 Speaker 2: and what the circumstances were that led to his long 112 00:08:13,240 --> 00:08:18,280 Speaker 2: legacy of infamy. Gildreys was born in fourteen oh four 113 00:08:18,480 --> 00:08:23,360 Speaker 2: to parents who both descended from great feudal houses, so 114 00:08:23,480 --> 00:08:26,640 Speaker 2: Jill was set up well from birth, with connections to 115 00:08:26,920 --> 00:08:31,360 Speaker 2: powerful and wealthy lineages. In fact, the barony that he 116 00:08:31,480 --> 00:08:35,520 Speaker 2: possessed was reputed to be one of the six oldest 117 00:08:35,720 --> 00:08:39,040 Speaker 2: baronies in the Duchy of Brittany at the time. By 118 00:08:39,080 --> 00:08:43,120 Speaker 2: the time Jeel came of age through inheritance and marriage, 119 00:08:43,520 --> 00:08:48,000 Speaker 2: he controlled a wide swath of land across western France 120 00:08:48,080 --> 00:08:52,800 Speaker 2: and Brittany. In essence, Jil was somebody important in the 121 00:08:52,840 --> 00:08:57,000 Speaker 2: world of feudal lords. Jill was born right in the 122 00:08:57,040 --> 00:08:59,679 Speaker 2: middle of the Hundred Years' War, and given that his 123 00:08:59,760 --> 00:09:03,679 Speaker 2: job as a baron was literally to raise men and fight, 124 00:09:04,240 --> 00:09:07,720 Speaker 2: an important portion of his life, especially early on, was 125 00:09:07,800 --> 00:09:12,920 Speaker 2: dominated by that long lasting conflict. Even though we've covered 126 00:09:13,160 --> 00:09:17,080 Speaker 2: various aspects of the Hundred Years War here on Noble Blood, 127 00:09:17,480 --> 00:09:20,320 Speaker 2: I think we would all benefit from a brief, brief 128 00:09:20,400 --> 00:09:26,559 Speaker 2: summary of the very complicated conflict. In short, between thirteen 129 00:09:26,800 --> 00:09:31,480 Speaker 2: thirty seven and fourteen fifty three, England and France were 130 00:09:31,480 --> 00:09:36,760 Speaker 2: engaged in an enduring battle over who actually ruled France. 131 00:09:37,520 --> 00:09:40,760 Speaker 2: The war was a defining period for both the English 132 00:09:40,800 --> 00:09:44,800 Speaker 2: and the French, who each found people and battles to 133 00:09:44,960 --> 00:09:49,120 Speaker 2: rally behind and identify with. For the English, think of 134 00:09:49,200 --> 00:09:52,720 Speaker 2: the Battle of Agincorps and King Henry the Eighth. For 135 00:09:52,800 --> 00:09:56,680 Speaker 2: the French, one name probably stands above the rest, at 136 00:09:56,800 --> 00:10:01,360 Speaker 2: least in terms of the modern popular imagination. Joan of Arc. 137 00:10:02,400 --> 00:10:05,800 Speaker 2: Joan of Arc, a teenage peasant girl who said that 138 00:10:05,840 --> 00:10:10,160 Speaker 2: she was given divine guidance from archangels to help save 139 00:10:10,280 --> 00:10:14,880 Speaker 2: the French from English domination, helped lead the French army 140 00:10:14,920 --> 00:10:20,520 Speaker 2: to victory in the Siege of Orleans in fourteen twenty nine. 141 00:10:20,760 --> 00:10:25,200 Speaker 2: Now this is where our protagonist, Gill day factors in. 142 00:10:25,920 --> 00:10:29,319 Speaker 2: Jill fought at the Siege of Orleans and then took 143 00:10:29,400 --> 00:10:32,680 Speaker 2: part in the Loire Campaign with Joan of Arc after 144 00:10:32,760 --> 00:10:37,040 Speaker 2: her victory. It was Jill's participation in that campaign that 145 00:10:37,160 --> 00:10:40,559 Speaker 2: led to some of his newly elevated status at court, 146 00:10:41,080 --> 00:10:45,760 Speaker 2: including a new official role carrier of the Holy Water 147 00:10:46,240 --> 00:10:51,640 Speaker 2: in the Coronation of Charles the Seventh. Another component that 148 00:10:51,760 --> 00:10:56,400 Speaker 2: contributed to Jill's status as an important feudal lord was 149 00:10:56,800 --> 00:11:03,040 Speaker 2: surprise surprise, great wealth. Controlling so much land afforded Jill 150 00:11:03,200 --> 00:11:08,240 Speaker 2: a not insubstantial income, and through smart maneuvering and the 151 00:11:08,320 --> 00:11:11,760 Speaker 2: help of his grandfather, Jill was able to grow his 152 00:11:11,880 --> 00:11:16,560 Speaker 2: coffers The biggest move he made was a strategic marriage, 153 00:11:16,880 --> 00:11:21,160 Speaker 2: which allowed him to add substantially to his holdings with 154 00:11:21,280 --> 00:11:24,080 Speaker 2: the holdings that he inherited as well as those he 155 00:11:24,160 --> 00:11:28,960 Speaker 2: acquired through marriage. Jill was arguably one of the wealthiest 156 00:11:29,040 --> 00:11:33,560 Speaker 2: barons in France, and Jill was not afraid to spend 157 00:11:33,720 --> 00:11:39,320 Speaker 2: that fortune. He was known for living lavishly, having extravagant taste, 158 00:11:39,760 --> 00:11:45,000 Speaker 2: and spending wildly. He kept a large entourage wherever he went, 159 00:11:45,240 --> 00:11:49,000 Speaker 2: which included, because Jill was a particular fan of the 160 00:11:49,080 --> 00:11:55,440 Speaker 2: performing arts, a herald choir, and several portable organs. When 161 00:11:55,480 --> 00:11:58,040 Speaker 2: he would set up camp in one place or another, 162 00:11:58,360 --> 00:12:03,560 Speaker 2: he would often sponsor for the local community. The most 163 00:12:03,640 --> 00:12:07,560 Speaker 2: famous of these plays was The Siege of Orleans, which 164 00:12:07,559 --> 00:12:10,240 Speaker 2: he put on in the city of Orleans on the 165 00:12:10,280 --> 00:12:15,400 Speaker 2: sixth anniversary of the battle. More than five hundred actors 166 00:12:15,480 --> 00:12:19,800 Speaker 2: took part in the play, including Jil himself, which depicted 167 00:12:19,840 --> 00:12:24,480 Speaker 2: and celebrated the defeat of the English by Jill's comrade 168 00:12:24,520 --> 00:12:28,240 Speaker 2: in arms, Joan of Arc. In addition to paying all 169 00:12:28,280 --> 00:12:32,400 Speaker 2: of these actors, Jill supplied a never ending buffet of 170 00:12:32,440 --> 00:12:37,200 Speaker 2: food and wine to both the actors and play spectators. 171 00:12:38,080 --> 00:12:43,120 Speaker 2: While he clearly liked to glorify his own past military triumphs. 172 00:12:43,640 --> 00:12:48,599 Speaker 2: Jill's also just certainly liked to engage in opulent displays 173 00:12:48,640 --> 00:12:51,720 Speaker 2: of wealth, and it would turn out to be his 174 00:12:51,880 --> 00:12:56,440 Speaker 2: overspending and his debts that would one day get him 175 00:12:56,520 --> 00:13:04,120 Speaker 2: into trouble. By fourteen twenty nine, Gilldray was a Marshal 176 00:13:04,240 --> 00:13:08,000 Speaker 2: of France. He had achieved a great measure of status 177 00:13:08,080 --> 00:13:11,880 Speaker 2: and money and could retire to his various estates to 178 00:13:11,960 --> 00:13:15,480 Speaker 2: spend his days putting on plays or finding other ways 179 00:13:15,520 --> 00:13:18,839 Speaker 2: to spend his fortune. And if that's all he had done, 180 00:13:19,000 --> 00:13:23,040 Speaker 2: this episode would end here. But as you probably know, 181 00:13:23,760 --> 00:13:28,440 Speaker 2: we've only just begun. As I alluded to, Gill Durray 182 00:13:28,640 --> 00:13:32,920 Speaker 2: had a habit of overspending, and at a certain point 183 00:13:33,200 --> 00:13:37,320 Speaker 2: he started selling off properties to pay off his debts. 184 00:13:38,200 --> 00:13:41,360 Speaker 2: In fourteen forty he decided to sell the castle of 185 00:13:41,440 --> 00:13:45,600 Speaker 2: Saint Etienne de mer Mort in Brittany. The nobleman who 186 00:13:45,640 --> 00:13:49,880 Speaker 2: bought the castle entrusted the keys to his brother, a priest. 187 00:13:50,640 --> 00:13:55,760 Speaker 2: Seems like a normal real estate transaction so far, except 188 00:13:56,120 --> 00:13:59,679 Speaker 2: Jill decided that he actually wanted the castle back so 189 00:13:59,720 --> 00:14:02,880 Speaker 2: that he could sell it to his cousin so on 190 00:14:02,920 --> 00:14:07,280 Speaker 2: a Sunday in early May fourteen forty, Jel and a 191 00:14:07,360 --> 00:14:12,640 Speaker 2: retinue of sixty horsemen stormed into the parish church where 192 00:14:12,640 --> 00:14:17,600 Speaker 2: the key holding priests was leading mass, and he threatened 193 00:14:17,640 --> 00:14:21,080 Speaker 2: to kill the priest if he did not surrender the 194 00:14:21,160 --> 00:14:26,600 Speaker 2: castle to him. The vigilante group, led by Jill dragged 195 00:14:26,720 --> 00:14:30,280 Speaker 2: the priest to the castle gates and forced him to 196 00:14:30,360 --> 00:14:33,520 Speaker 2: open the gates for them. Once the priest opened the 197 00:14:33,560 --> 00:14:37,360 Speaker 2: gates and allowed them to take the castle, they chained 198 00:14:37,400 --> 00:14:41,800 Speaker 2: the priest up in the dungeon and beat him. Now 199 00:14:41,920 --> 00:14:46,840 Speaker 2: this assault was a pretty brazen act, but local authorities 200 00:14:47,080 --> 00:14:52,600 Speaker 2: might have overlooked it given Jils's status. However, he and 201 00:14:52,680 --> 00:14:56,800 Speaker 2: his gang had accosted a priest, and doing so violated 202 00:14:56,880 --> 00:15:01,160 Speaker 2: ecclesiastical immunity, which should have protect did the priest from 203 00:15:01,680 --> 00:15:05,560 Speaker 2: that exact sort of thing from happening. Therefore, the church 204 00:15:05,720 --> 00:15:11,000 Speaker 2: had grounds to bring Jill to court. Now, ecclesiastical courts, 205 00:15:11,120 --> 00:15:15,160 Speaker 2: as well as the local courts or parliament, operated on 206 00:15:15,280 --> 00:15:19,280 Speaker 2: the inquisitorial system at the time, where the judges were 207 00:15:19,400 --> 00:15:24,840 Speaker 2: active fact seekers as opposed to impartial referees. So when 208 00:15:24,880 --> 00:15:29,200 Speaker 2: the Church did indeed decide to charge Shield they began 209 00:15:29,440 --> 00:15:35,520 Speaker 2: an investigation into him. Bishop Jean de Mastrat set off 210 00:15:35,560 --> 00:15:39,280 Speaker 2: on that investigation, beginning in the parish of Notre Dame, 211 00:15:39,640 --> 00:15:44,720 Speaker 2: which was home to Jill's main residence. The bishop spoke 212 00:15:44,760 --> 00:15:48,680 Speaker 2: with a multitude of people in the region during the investigation, 213 00:15:49,480 --> 00:15:52,680 Speaker 2: and in doing so he discovered that there were a 214 00:15:52,920 --> 00:15:58,480 Speaker 2: number of missing children who were almost all rumored to 215 00:15:58,600 --> 00:16:05,560 Speaker 2: have been kidnapped, sexually assaulted, and killed by Jil. Parents 216 00:16:05,600 --> 00:16:10,200 Speaker 2: and acquaintances of these missing children supposedly spoke to the 217 00:16:10,240 --> 00:16:14,920 Speaker 2: bishop and confirmed these rumors had been swirling about for 218 00:16:15,080 --> 00:16:20,320 Speaker 2: some time now. While local townspeople were willing to accuse Jill, 219 00:16:20,920 --> 00:16:25,640 Speaker 2: they weren't necessarily willing to testify in court. The bishop 220 00:16:25,920 --> 00:16:29,520 Speaker 2: was able to overcome that issue once he found former 221 00:16:29,640 --> 00:16:33,400 Speaker 2: servants of Jil's who would testify in court that he 222 00:16:33,560 --> 00:16:39,360 Speaker 2: had indeed murdered hundreds of children. The servants claimed that 223 00:16:39,480 --> 00:16:43,520 Speaker 2: Jil forced them to help him murder and then dispose 224 00:16:43,640 --> 00:16:47,360 Speaker 2: of the bodies in a myriad of ways. Whether these 225 00:16:47,400 --> 00:16:52,320 Speaker 2: servants were compelled to testify against their former employer because 226 00:16:52,360 --> 00:16:55,720 Speaker 2: of a sense of justice for the murdered or because 227 00:16:55,720 --> 00:16:59,360 Speaker 2: of the threat of torture by the bishop we can't 228 00:16:59,360 --> 00:17:04,720 Speaker 2: know for sure. During his investigation, the bishop also found 229 00:17:04,800 --> 00:17:08,680 Speaker 2: a magician whom Jill had allegedly employed, and who would 230 00:17:08,680 --> 00:17:12,840 Speaker 2: testify that he had helped Jill participate in alchemy and 231 00:17:12,960 --> 00:17:18,840 Speaker 2: seances summoning a demon. While unrelated to the murders, using 232 00:17:18,920 --> 00:17:23,479 Speaker 2: alchemy definitely made Jill look all the more guilty. If 233 00:17:23,520 --> 00:17:26,920 Speaker 2: he was willing to transgress against God in one way, 234 00:17:27,440 --> 00:17:32,720 Speaker 2: he probably transgressed in others. With sufficient witnesses now at 235 00:17:32,720 --> 00:17:37,080 Speaker 2: the ready, the bishop brought charges against Jill for not 236 00:17:37,160 --> 00:17:40,960 Speaker 2: only the kidnapping and abuse of a priest, but also 237 00:17:41,200 --> 00:17:50,040 Speaker 2: quote witchcraft, sexual misconduct, and homicide. On September thirteenth, fourteen forty, 238 00:17:50,400 --> 00:17:55,160 Speaker 2: the trial of Jill Day began. Actually, the two trials 239 00:17:55,200 --> 00:17:59,040 Speaker 2: of Jil began. While the church had begun the investigation, 240 00:17:59,560 --> 00:18:02,959 Speaker 2: the civil courts had also elected to charge him with 241 00:18:03,119 --> 00:18:07,960 Speaker 2: murder and kidnapping, so once he was charged by both courts, 242 00:18:08,400 --> 00:18:13,359 Speaker 2: the trials proceeded simultaneously as if they were just one case. 243 00:18:14,040 --> 00:18:17,879 Speaker 2: From the moment the case began, Jill went on the offensive. 244 00:18:18,440 --> 00:18:23,120 Speaker 2: He attacked the judges, calling them simoniacs, an insult back then, 245 00:18:23,560 --> 00:18:27,600 Speaker 2: and questioning their right to try him. The courts did 246 00:18:27,640 --> 00:18:32,119 Speaker 2: not take kindly to those insults, and the church promptly 247 00:18:32,560 --> 00:18:38,760 Speaker 2: excommunicated Gile. Two days later, Gile returned to court and 248 00:18:38,880 --> 00:18:43,720 Speaker 2: made a complete one hundred and eighty degree turn. Now 249 00:18:43,840 --> 00:18:49,560 Speaker 2: he was entirely repentant and apologetic. He accepted the charges, 250 00:18:50,200 --> 00:18:54,000 Speaker 2: but because he had not yet confessed, the case proceeded. 251 00:18:55,440 --> 00:18:58,679 Speaker 2: The bulk of the trial was hearing testimony. All of 252 00:18:58,720 --> 00:19:02,840 Speaker 2: the testimony provided was from former servants of Jil that 253 00:19:02,920 --> 00:19:07,280 Speaker 2: the bishop had identified in his investigation. Over the next 254 00:19:07,280 --> 00:19:10,840 Speaker 2: several days in court, these former servants, some of whom 255 00:19:10,960 --> 00:19:17,320 Speaker 2: were charged as accomplices, detailed Jill's sins, attempted deals with 256 00:19:17,480 --> 00:19:23,000 Speaker 2: demons to avoid prosecution for financial woes, making servants procure 257 00:19:23,119 --> 00:19:28,280 Speaker 2: victims by kidnapping young children from poor families, and finding 258 00:19:28,480 --> 00:19:34,159 Speaker 2: sexual gratification from torturing and killing these children. I won't 259 00:19:34,200 --> 00:19:38,520 Speaker 2: go into further detail about the sexual details of the 260 00:19:38,680 --> 00:19:43,760 Speaker 2: crimes and murders because that seems gratuitous and unnecessary, but 261 00:19:44,560 --> 00:19:49,320 Speaker 2: that's what the testimony laid bare. While the court is 262 00:19:49,480 --> 00:19:54,159 Speaker 2: inconsistent with the numbers, historians agree that Jill was ultimately 263 00:19:54,240 --> 00:19:58,480 Speaker 2: accused of killing more than one hundred and forty children 264 00:19:58,920 --> 00:20:03,040 Speaker 2: in the span of only a couple of years. Finally, 265 00:20:03,119 --> 00:20:05,480 Speaker 2: it came time in the case for the court to 266 00:20:05,480 --> 00:20:10,280 Speaker 2: torture Jill in order to draw out his much desired confession. 267 00:20:11,160 --> 00:20:15,400 Speaker 2: But Jill stepped forward and proclaimed that he would give 268 00:20:15,520 --> 00:20:21,359 Speaker 2: his testimony the unvarnished truth willingly, and so he was 269 00:20:21,560 --> 00:20:25,040 Speaker 2: saved from the type of torture that he was accused 270 00:20:25,080 --> 00:20:30,400 Speaker 2: of enacting on hundreds of children. After providing his testimony 271 00:20:30,440 --> 00:20:34,440 Speaker 2: and confession in the privacy of the court, Jill staged 272 00:20:34,520 --> 00:20:39,160 Speaker 2: a rather over the top public confession in the vernacular 273 00:20:39,600 --> 00:20:43,480 Speaker 2: so that any and everyone could hear and understand it. 274 00:20:44,359 --> 00:20:48,919 Speaker 2: On October twenty second. Jill held nothing back, and he 275 00:20:49,000 --> 00:20:51,359 Speaker 2: told the world that what he had done would be 276 00:20:51,480 --> 00:20:56,400 Speaker 2: enough to convict ten thousand men. He agreed that everything 277 00:20:56,560 --> 00:20:59,920 Speaker 2: people had testified against him was true, and that he 278 00:21:00,240 --> 00:21:04,960 Speaker 2: derived pleasure from all of the sins he committed. He 279 00:21:05,000 --> 00:21:08,720 Speaker 2: finished by asking God and the parents of the murdered 280 00:21:08,840 --> 00:21:14,520 Speaker 2: children to forgive him. His unequivocal confession must have stunned 281 00:21:14,560 --> 00:21:20,200 Speaker 2: the audience. I doubt anyone expected someone to openly admit 282 00:21:20,720 --> 00:21:25,280 Speaker 2: to such depravity. As soon as Jill Darades confessed, his 283 00:21:25,520 --> 00:21:32,520 Speaker 2: trial concluded, and interestingly, his excommunication was rescinded. That's important, 284 00:21:32,560 --> 00:21:35,000 Speaker 2: so we'll be talking a little more about that later. 285 00:21:35,640 --> 00:21:39,240 Speaker 2: Jill and his two accomplices, the two who had actually 286 00:21:39,320 --> 00:21:43,760 Speaker 2: testified against him, were sentenced to be hanged and then 287 00:21:43,880 --> 00:21:47,960 Speaker 2: burned at the stake. As I explored in the opening 288 00:21:48,080 --> 00:21:52,040 Speaker 2: of this episode, the criminals were paraded through not to 289 00:21:52,080 --> 00:21:56,200 Speaker 2: their hanging on October twenty sixth, less than two weeks 290 00:21:56,240 --> 00:22:00,600 Speaker 2: after the trial had begun. With his death, Jill Deurey's 291 00:22:00,720 --> 00:22:05,240 Speaker 2: name went down in infamy. Historians proclaimed him to be 292 00:22:05,320 --> 00:22:09,720 Speaker 2: a violent rapist and sadistic murderer, the likes of who 293 00:22:09,720 --> 00:22:13,960 Speaker 2: could be compared to Jeffrey Dahmer, and his depravity is 294 00:22:14,040 --> 00:22:18,960 Speaker 2: that much more fascinating when juxtaposed with his more youthful 295 00:22:19,040 --> 00:22:24,879 Speaker 2: days spent fighting alongside France's literal patron, Saint Joan of 296 00:22:25,040 --> 00:22:31,720 Speaker 2: arc No wonder Jills invites such fascination and regularly appears 297 00:22:31,800 --> 00:22:38,119 Speaker 2: on lists of the worst serial killers in history. But 298 00:22:38,320 --> 00:22:43,760 Speaker 2: what if I told you Jildreyse was possibly innocent. Gildreyse's 299 00:22:43,880 --> 00:22:48,480 Speaker 2: legacy is still hotly debated, but some historians have argued 300 00:22:48,520 --> 00:22:51,800 Speaker 2: that he was framed by the Church and guilty of 301 00:22:51,920 --> 00:22:56,520 Speaker 2: no wrongdoings at all. In fact, after a French book 302 00:22:56,600 --> 00:23:01,320 Speaker 2: published in nineteen ninety two proclaimed Jills's innocence, a retrial 303 00:23:01,440 --> 00:23:04,800 Speaker 2: was called and the Court of Cassation, the highest court 304 00:23:04,840 --> 00:23:09,960 Speaker 2: of appeals in France, exonerated him. So officially, Jill has 305 00:23:10,000 --> 00:23:13,919 Speaker 2: been cleared of all charges, although scholars called into question 306 00:23:14,040 --> 00:23:18,120 Speaker 2: the accuracy and research that was used in that symbolic proceeding. 307 00:23:18,920 --> 00:23:22,800 Speaker 2: In addition to the lawyers at the retrial, scholars like 308 00:23:22,880 --> 00:23:27,240 Speaker 2: Thomas A. Fuja and Margot K. Juby have pointed out 309 00:23:27,280 --> 00:23:30,840 Speaker 2: a number of issues with the original case against Jill, 310 00:23:31,600 --> 00:23:36,119 Speaker 2: as well as challenges to the historical scholarship surrounding the 311 00:23:36,160 --> 00:23:40,280 Speaker 2: French noble that have been accepted as fact. The biggest 312 00:23:40,280 --> 00:23:43,479 Speaker 2: flaw in the original trial was that there was no 313 00:23:43,680 --> 00:23:49,520 Speaker 2: physical evidence against Jill. His main crime was killing hundreds 314 00:23:49,560 --> 00:23:54,920 Speaker 2: of children, but there were no bodies, skeletons, or bones 315 00:23:55,040 --> 00:23:59,439 Speaker 2: found that pointed toward Jill as a killer. All of 316 00:23:59,440 --> 00:24:04,800 Speaker 2: the evidence leveled against him was circumstantial, entirely testimony from 317 00:24:04,920 --> 00:24:09,320 Speaker 2: people that couldn't be corroborated, so no one even had 318 00:24:09,520 --> 00:24:14,800 Speaker 2: proof that the missing children were actually dead. Now it's 319 00:24:14,880 --> 00:24:19,159 Speaker 2: true that Jill himself did confess to his crimes and 320 00:24:19,400 --> 00:24:24,040 Speaker 2: was quite explicit about the extremely brutal acts he committed 321 00:24:24,440 --> 00:24:28,560 Speaker 2: and the pleasure he allegedly derived from them. So even 322 00:24:28,640 --> 00:24:31,439 Speaker 2: if there were no bodies found, we could believe that 323 00:24:31,560 --> 00:24:36,360 Speaker 2: Jil Deray was a murderer because he admitted it. However, 324 00:24:36,480 --> 00:24:40,080 Speaker 2: Thomas A. Fujay made the argument that we should be 325 00:24:40,280 --> 00:24:44,960 Speaker 2: at least a little skeptical of that confession. By all accounts, 326 00:24:45,119 --> 00:24:50,080 Speaker 2: Jill was an incredibly religious man. Remember how I mentioned 327 00:24:50,119 --> 00:24:54,480 Speaker 2: earlier that Jil spent his money with no sense of limit. Well. 328 00:24:54,520 --> 00:24:58,520 Speaker 2: As part of his expression of his faith, he bankrolled 329 00:24:58,560 --> 00:25:02,439 Speaker 2: a private chapel as well as that chapel's own Dean 330 00:25:02,720 --> 00:25:08,120 Speaker 2: Vicker choir, school of music, archdeacons, curates, treasurer chapter, and 331 00:25:08,200 --> 00:25:13,600 Speaker 2: a schoolmaster. Beyond paying for this expensive display of piety, 332 00:25:14,040 --> 00:25:18,159 Speaker 2: he regularly attended church and showed a devotion to the 333 00:25:18,200 --> 00:25:23,919 Speaker 2: cult of Holy Innocence. So fou Jay hypothesizes that after 334 00:25:24,200 --> 00:25:29,320 Speaker 2: Jil was excommunicated early in the trial, he began to negotiate. 335 00:25:29,880 --> 00:25:33,160 Speaker 2: He was confronted with the fact that he could very 336 00:25:33,200 --> 00:25:36,199 Speaker 2: well be found guilty and if he were killed. At 337 00:25:36,200 --> 00:25:40,000 Speaker 2: that point he would no longer go to heaven in 338 00:25:40,119 --> 00:25:43,280 Speaker 2: order to save his soul. In the two days after 339 00:25:43,400 --> 00:25:48,440 Speaker 2: his excommunication, Jil's agreed to confess if the church would 340 00:25:48,560 --> 00:25:53,520 Speaker 2: vacate his excommunication. The church followed through on that promise, 341 00:25:53,920 --> 00:25:58,359 Speaker 2: and after Jill was found guilty, they rescinded his excommunication 342 00:25:59,040 --> 00:26:02,600 Speaker 2: and Jill could once again be assured of his entrance 343 00:26:02,640 --> 00:26:07,080 Speaker 2: to heaven. Who Jay further argues that Jeals's confession to 344 00:26:07,119 --> 00:26:10,840 Speaker 2: the public was so gratuitous because he was trying to 345 00:26:10,880 --> 00:26:15,560 Speaker 2: make it seem unbelievable. He made such an incredible confession 346 00:26:16,040 --> 00:26:20,440 Speaker 2: that no one should believe it, therefore saving his reputation, 347 00:26:20,720 --> 00:26:24,919 Speaker 2: at least in theory. Unfortunately, we can't know if the 348 00:26:25,080 --> 00:26:29,000 Speaker 2: townspeople at the time would have interpreted his confession that way, 349 00:26:29,640 --> 00:26:35,359 Speaker 2: and if that was Jial's plan, it backfired spectacularly given 350 00:26:35,400 --> 00:26:38,920 Speaker 2: that we've accepted the truth of his confession for hundreds 351 00:26:39,000 --> 00:26:43,679 Speaker 2: of years. The final reason why some historians now believe 352 00:26:43,760 --> 00:26:48,160 Speaker 2: in Jials's possible innocence is that the historical record has 353 00:26:48,359 --> 00:26:54,240 Speaker 2: misrepresented his court case. Margot Kgb, biographer of Jill, found 354 00:26:54,440 --> 00:26:58,679 Speaker 2: multiple accusations, like the murder of the three children of 355 00:26:58,760 --> 00:27:03,920 Speaker 2: Jials's valet that don't exist in the original court transcript. 356 00:27:04,640 --> 00:27:09,720 Speaker 2: Historians have used examples like that for evidence, when in reality, 357 00:27:10,359 --> 00:27:13,679 Speaker 2: a lot of Gills's narrative has become something of a 358 00:27:14,280 --> 00:27:19,760 Speaker 2: historical game of telephone. So was he innocent? Were the 359 00:27:19,840 --> 00:27:24,560 Speaker 2: crimes at least possibly exaggerated? All of that raises the 360 00:27:24,640 --> 00:27:30,879 Speaker 2: question of why why would Gilday's be framed. There's no 361 00:27:31,080 --> 00:27:37,000 Speaker 2: conclusive answer, but people have hypothesized a couple of different reasons. First, 362 00:27:37,119 --> 00:27:40,639 Speaker 2: people love a salacious story, which means that it only 363 00:27:40,680 --> 00:27:44,240 Speaker 2: makes sense that over the centuries, the details of Gille 364 00:27:44,280 --> 00:27:49,560 Speaker 2: Duay's case would become bigger, more exaggerated, and more lurid. 365 00:27:50,200 --> 00:27:53,919 Speaker 2: Aside from that, recall that fewer than ten years before 366 00:27:54,040 --> 00:27:58,399 Speaker 2: Giles's trial, his comrade in arms, Jean of Arc, was 367 00:27:58,600 --> 00:28:03,800 Speaker 2: similarly found guilty and executed on charges of heresy. Some 368 00:28:03,840 --> 00:28:07,679 Speaker 2: scholars have wondered if his association with the future saint 369 00:28:08,200 --> 00:28:12,959 Speaker 2: might have contributed to his downfall. Others have dismissed that idea, 370 00:28:13,119 --> 00:28:18,359 Speaker 2: instead pointing to more selfish reasons. Giles Deray was a 371 00:28:18,400 --> 00:28:22,280 Speaker 2: wealthy man, and if he was found guilty of such 372 00:28:22,320 --> 00:28:26,080 Speaker 2: a terrible crime, his lands would not be passed to 373 00:28:26,240 --> 00:28:30,840 Speaker 2: his heirs, but would instead be forfeited, and who stood 374 00:28:30,880 --> 00:28:35,440 Speaker 2: to benefit from that guilt the very officials who charged him. 375 00:28:36,040 --> 00:28:38,600 Speaker 2: But none of that can be proven, at least not 376 00:28:38,720 --> 00:28:43,200 Speaker 2: with the historical records currently known to us. So unfortunately 377 00:28:43,240 --> 00:28:46,000 Speaker 2: we have to accept that we may never know the 378 00:28:46,120 --> 00:28:50,880 Speaker 2: exact machinations that took down one of the wealthiest lords 379 00:28:50,920 --> 00:28:56,080 Speaker 2: in medieval France. The historians who claim that Gilderray was 380 00:28:56,240 --> 00:29:02,000 Speaker 2: indeed guilty of those heenous crimes aren't purposefully obscuring the past. 381 00:29:02,640 --> 00:29:06,240 Speaker 2: If you looked strictly at what survived in the written record, 382 00:29:06,880 --> 00:29:11,000 Speaker 2: it is extremely easy to come to that conclusion. But 383 00:29:11,440 --> 00:29:15,600 Speaker 2: history is complicated, and who knows what evidence might have 384 00:29:15,640 --> 00:29:19,520 Speaker 2: been lost to the centuries as to the true fate 385 00:29:19,720 --> 00:29:30,520 Speaker 2: of Gialdreys's soul. God only knows. Keep listening after a 386 00:29:30,560 --> 00:29:34,640 Speaker 2: brief sponsor break to hear about the colorful literary figure 387 00:29:35,000 --> 00:29:57,800 Speaker 2: that Gialdreys might have inspired. Considering Gialdurey's's famous and salacious story, 388 00:29:58,280 --> 00:30:01,840 Speaker 2: it's not surprising that he might have inspired a famous 389 00:30:01,960 --> 00:30:07,120 Speaker 2: literary character, blue Beard. Blue Beard isn't the most popular 390 00:30:07,240 --> 00:30:10,040 Speaker 2: fairy tale story, so if you haven't heard of him, 391 00:30:10,200 --> 00:30:13,240 Speaker 2: Blue Beard is a character from a French folk tale 392 00:30:13,480 --> 00:30:17,640 Speaker 2: that follows this general storyline. Blue Beard is a wealthy 393 00:30:17,720 --> 00:30:21,120 Speaker 2: man who murdered his wives, and even when a wife 394 00:30:21,360 --> 00:30:25,600 Speaker 2: found out the sad fate of her six predecessors, she 395 00:30:25,800 --> 00:30:29,400 Speaker 2: was doomed to die just like they did. However, his 396 00:30:29,520 --> 00:30:33,480 Speaker 2: last wife is actually able to thwart blue Beard, and 397 00:30:33,640 --> 00:30:37,600 Speaker 2: after discovering the gruesome remains of his previous wives in 398 00:30:37,600 --> 00:30:41,959 Speaker 2: the dungeon, she's rescued by her family. They kill blue Beard, 399 00:30:42,200 --> 00:30:46,400 Speaker 2: she inherits the castle and lays to rest his murdered wives. 400 00:30:47,000 --> 00:30:51,440 Speaker 2: Although Jill d'erres never murdered his wife, the French baron 401 00:30:51,680 --> 00:30:57,080 Speaker 2: is largely attributed as the inspiration for the myth. The 402 00:30:57,120 --> 00:31:00,720 Speaker 2: tale of blue Beard itself has been referenced in or 403 00:31:00,920 --> 00:31:07,560 Speaker 2: inspired a multitude of literary, theatrical, and amusement park creations. 404 00:31:08,120 --> 00:31:12,800 Speaker 2: The King of Tragedy himself, Shakespeare, quoted the English version 405 00:31:12,880 --> 00:31:16,840 Speaker 2: of the tale titled Mister Fox in the play Much 406 00:31:16,880 --> 00:31:22,000 Speaker 2: Ado About Nothing. Benedict exclaims, like the old tale, my lord, 407 00:31:22,440 --> 00:31:25,920 Speaker 2: it is not so, nor twas not so, but indeed 408 00:31:26,280 --> 00:31:30,520 Speaker 2: God forbid it should be so. The old tale here 409 00:31:30,720 --> 00:31:36,200 Speaker 2: is mister Fox aka blue Beard, a rather small reference, 410 00:31:36,280 --> 00:31:39,320 Speaker 2: but I would be remiss not to call out Shakespeare's 411 00:31:39,320 --> 00:31:44,560 Speaker 2: connection to this episode's subject. Another famous English author used 412 00:31:44,640 --> 00:31:49,960 Speaker 2: Bluebeard as inspiration for a short story published in eighteen sixty. 413 00:31:50,440 --> 00:31:55,360 Speaker 2: Charles Dickens's Captain Murderer told of a relative of Bluebeard 414 00:31:55,640 --> 00:32:01,440 Speaker 2: who took Bluebeard's brutality to the next extreme. Cannibal blue 415 00:32:01,440 --> 00:32:05,800 Speaker 2: Beard has also received the Hollywood treatment, with the basic 416 00:32:05,880 --> 00:32:09,800 Speaker 2: elements of the story inspiring a number of films, from 417 00:32:09,960 --> 00:32:15,960 Speaker 2: Gaslight to ex Machina. My favorite Bluebeard reference, though, can 418 00:32:16,000 --> 00:32:20,840 Speaker 2: be found not in literature or film, but in Orlando, Florida. 419 00:32:21,560 --> 00:32:25,880 Speaker 2: At the exit of Disney World's Haunted Mansion Ride, visitors 420 00:32:25,920 --> 00:32:30,360 Speaker 2: can see Bluebeard's tombstone, which also includes the names of 421 00:32:30,440 --> 00:32:34,160 Speaker 2: his six wives he killed and the seventh one who 422 00:32:34,240 --> 00:32:40,000 Speaker 2: killed him. Interestingly, the date of death on Bluebeard's disney 423 00:32:40,040 --> 00:32:45,160 Speaker 2: World tombstone is fourteen forty, the same year that Gille 424 00:32:45,240 --> 00:32:57,480 Speaker 2: Dray was executed. Noble Blood is a production of iHeartRadio 425 00:32:57,920 --> 00:33:01,520 Speaker 2: and Grimm and Mild from Aaron Mankin. Noble Blood is 426 00:33:01,560 --> 00:33:06,360 Speaker 2: hosted by me Danish Forts, with additional writing and researching 427 00:33:06,520 --> 00:33:11,840 Speaker 2: by Hannah Johnston, Hannah Zewick, Courtney Sender, Julia Milani, and 428 00:33:12,080 --> 00:33:16,240 Speaker 2: Armand Cassam. The show is edited and produced by Noemy 429 00:33:16,320 --> 00:33:21,560 Speaker 2: Griffin and rima Il Kaali, with supervising producer Josh Thain 430 00:33:22,040 --> 00:33:26,320 Speaker 2: and executive producers Aaron Mankey, Alex Williams, and Matt Frederick. 431 00:33:26,880 --> 00:33:32,960 Speaker 2: Four more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, 432 00:33:33,200 --> 00:33:40,240 Speaker 2: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.