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Speaker 1: Guess what mango? What's up? Will? So I was reading

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Speaker 1: about this anthropologist Robert Lohman, and in the nineties Loman

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Speaker 1: went to popa New Guinea to study the Assabano people.

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Speaker 1: So it was his first night there and one of

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Speaker 1: the elders keeps apologizing to him because he couldn't sleep

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Speaker 1: over with him, like he wanted to share a bed

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Speaker 1: with Loman, but he had a few prior commitments. So

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Speaker 1: Loman's a little confused, right, But then he keeps getting

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Speaker 1: these offers from other men, and he quickly realizes this

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Speaker 1: is not a sexual thing. It's their version of hospitality,

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Speaker 1: like to make sure you sleep well and feel welcomed.

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Speaker 1: The Assabana make it a priority to offer you some

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Speaker 1: conversation and body warmth. And also they tell Loman having

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Speaker 1: a local in the room will protect him from witchcraft.

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Speaker 1: So you know, all good things. But what's funny is

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Speaker 1: that sharing a bed with strangers, especially while traveling, used

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Speaker 1: to be common practice. I was reading this book Wild Nights,

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Speaker 1: and and if the author talks about how it shows

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Speaker 1: up in Erasmus writing, it's disgusted moby dick. But the

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Speaker 1: funniest account to me was from the seventeenth century diarist

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Speaker 1: Samuel Peeps. Why's that well? Peeps used to keep this

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Speaker 1: log of all of his bed mates, scoring them on

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Speaker 1: the quality their conversation, making a note if they did

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Speaker 1: too much tossing and turning. Can you imagine how nerve

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Speaker 1: racking of you to share a bed with him? I mean,

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Speaker 1: I feel like I spend a whole night worrying if

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Speaker 1: I was hugging the sheets, or like, think about if

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Speaker 1: my pillow talk was good enough. I want a good

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Speaker 1: review too. It's very nerve wracking. So well, speaking of

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Speaker 1: pillow talk, what do you say? We dive into this

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Speaker 1: episode on sleep Hei their podcast listeners. I'm Will Pearson

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Speaker 1: and as always I'm joined by my good friend Mangesh Ticketer,

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Speaker 1: and you're listening to Part Time Genius. Now we've got

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Speaker 1: a fun show today. We're discussing a topic that you

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Speaker 1: know frustrates me. Sleep. I have never been a fan

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Speaker 1: of sleeping. I'm definitely in the camp of people who

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Speaker 1: would totally take a pill if I could avoid it altogether.

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Speaker 1: I've always been this way, even in first grade when

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Speaker 1: Miss Pritchett made us declare our favorite animal. You know,

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Speaker 1: an animal I chose the giraffe. Why not because it

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Speaker 1: was tall, not because it could slam dunk with ease,

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Speaker 1: because they only have to sleep a couple hours of night.

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Speaker 1: How sad is this that that was like the reason

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Speaker 1: that I chose it. And I've always wondered if humans

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Speaker 1: will ever be able to avoid sleep entirely. So we're

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Speaker 1: gonna get to the bottom of this, are you ready?

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Speaker 1: I mean, like the very bottom. We're gonna figure this

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Speaker 1: out because I need to know if I'm going to

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Speaker 1: have my never sleep again dream come true. But but

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Speaker 1: we've got so many other fun things coming up in

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Speaker 1: the show as well. We'll take a look at what

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Speaker 1: happens in our brains when we're sleeping, what happens in

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Speaker 1: our brains when we're sleeping in a new place, or

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Speaker 1: when we're staring at a cell phone before we sleep.

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Speaker 1: We've got our part time genius quiz with a couple

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Speaker 1: of Zomba instructor Zumba instructors, right, Okay, that's kind this

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Speaker 1: is awesome, And someone I'm super excited to talk to.

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Speaker 1: We've got one of our favorite inventors, this self proclaimed

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Speaker 1: Queen of Crappy Robots, Simone Yet who happened to invent

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Speaker 1: a really funny alarm closs. So I'll talk about that.

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Speaker 1: She is amazing. So but before we get to all

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Speaker 1: of that, how weird a sleep mango? I know? I

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Speaker 1: mean the way we talk about sleep is really funny,

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Speaker 1: like people used to wear it, does this badge of

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Speaker 1: honor how little they slept. I've read this thing about

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Speaker 1: Keith Richards where he talked about being up for five

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Speaker 1: full days just working and composing and all this while

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Speaker 1: his lazy bandmates were taking naps. But um, it's always

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Speaker 1: this dig from productive people. But of course, you know

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Speaker 1: Keith Richard's being. Keith Richards has disaster stories about this too, right,

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Speaker 1: So there's this one time he stayed up for nine

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Speaker 1: days straight, which sounds horrible, but the way he describes it,

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Speaker 1: he was writing this adrenaline high and feeling totally awake,

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Speaker 1: and then all of a sudden, as he was reaching

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Speaker 1: to put a cassette tape on a shelf, he fell

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Speaker 1: asleep so hard he collapsed and broke his nose. I'm

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Speaker 1: not sure sleep studies should really be conducted on Keith Richards.

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Speaker 1: I'm thinking we're probably not as accurate. So well, there

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Speaker 1: are definitely these hyper productive people like Margaret Thatcher who

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Speaker 1: only need three or four hours of sleep at night.

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Speaker 1: She needed so little sleep, and she was so committed

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Speaker 1: to being the best informed person in any room. She'd

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Speaker 1: stay up and read into the late hours, but then

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Speaker 1: she'd be up again at five in the morning to

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Speaker 1: listen to the British Farm Report. And of course all

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Speaker 1: her staff was constantly exhausted trying to keep pace. I know,

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Speaker 1: sleep doctors actually claimed she's got this rare genetic mutation

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Speaker 1: that allows her to function on less sleep, and it

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Speaker 1: affects about one percent of the population. But it's funny.

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Speaker 1: I read this beleaguered quote from her husband Dennis in

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Speaker 1: the BBC. I didn't even know there was a Dennist

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Speaker 1: stature until I read this piece. But his greatest contribution

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Speaker 1: to the republic seems to be trying to get her

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Speaker 1: to sleep. Like every once in a while he was

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Speaker 1: observed desperately reminding her woman bed talked that way. Of course.

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Speaker 1: My you know my other favorite Margaret Thatcher fact, and

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Speaker 1: that's in the late seventies, when she went to this

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Speaker 1: economic summit in Japan. The country tried to supply her

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Speaker 1: with twenty karate ladies I know. I just loved the

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Speaker 1: phrase create ladies, like there should be more of that

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Speaker 1: in history books. I agree. I agree. So there was

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Speaker 1: definitely a time, especially in the nineteen eighties, where Wall

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Speaker 1: Street execs and rock stars and media moguls used to

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Speaker 1: brag about how little sleep they got, like not sleeping

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Speaker 1: was thought to be glamorous, and even as far back

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Speaker 1: as Napoleon, who outlined the perfect amount of sleep, he

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Speaker 1: would say six hours for a man, seven hours for

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Speaker 1: a woman, eight hours for a fool, which just sounds

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Speaker 1: so French, it does, but now it feels like the

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Speaker 1: complete opposite. You look at these world class athletes like

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Speaker 1: Hussain Bold Lebron James, and they really brag about the

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Speaker 1: twelve hours of uninterrupted sleep they get and they work

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Speaker 1: to protect it. Yeah, there are tons of them, like

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Speaker 1: Marion Bartoli who won Wimbledon. She famously took this long

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Speaker 1: nap before winning. And uh, Christiano Ronaldo, the soccer star.

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Speaker 1: You know, he sleeps in this totally dark chamber and

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Speaker 1: he has electric blinds that flip open at ten am

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Speaker 1: or whenever he wants to get up, like that's his

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Speaker 1: alarm clock, and it's because he doesn't want any artificial

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Speaker 1: light in his room bothering him. I gotta remember to

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Speaker 1: turn the lights off in my chamber. Maybe that's been

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Speaker 1: my problem. So there's this clear premium on sleep. But

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Speaker 1: don't you think it's weird that we spend a third

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Speaker 1: of our lives pretty much paralyzed and unconscious. Honestly, I'm

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Speaker 1: getting just thinking about it. Think of all the things

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Speaker 1: you could be doing. I know we should all be

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Speaker 1: thatchering every night. But one of the things that's fascinating

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Speaker 1: to me is that there's this insistence that everyone has

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Speaker 1: to sleep the same way, right. And I was reading

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Speaker 1: this book Dreamland by David Randall, and in one section

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Speaker 1: he talks about this history professor from Virginia Tech who

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Speaker 1: kept finding references in medieval literature to first sleep and

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Speaker 1: second sleep. He found it in Canterbury Tales. He found

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Speaker 1: an old text. It was just repeated in lots of places,

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Speaker 1: and what he eventually sussed out was that historically people

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Speaker 1: will get two periods of rest. Every night. They'd go

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Speaker 1: to bed, then they'd wake up for an hour and

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Speaker 1: talk and think and engage in some canoe ling, and

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Speaker 1: after an hour they'd go back to bed and sleep.

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Speaker 1: Till morning, and this was a really common thing. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I mean it reminds me of Ben Franklin and his

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Speaker 1: so called air baths, you know, where Franklin would wake

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Speaker 1: up at four or five in the morning work for

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Speaker 1: an hour. He claimed part of the reason he was

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Speaker 1: so productive is that he'd do it completely and totally

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Speaker 1: in the box, like in front of an open window,

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Speaker 1: hence the term air bath. But he'd have this eufork

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Speaker 1: period of productivity. Then he'd have the best sleep of

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Speaker 1: his life after that. Yeah, and obviously nude. Ben Franklin

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Speaker 1: had genius ideas to give us. Right, But there's this

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Speaker 1: great myth all over the internet that I so wish

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Speaker 1: was true. What's that? And it's that then Franklin invented

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Speaker 1: the first mechanical bull. That's gotta be true, right, I mean,

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Speaker 1: that's it. That's like the story goes that Ben Franklin

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Speaker 1: made a prototype bull and let John Adams ride it,

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Speaker 1: and it was so unwriteable that Adams ended up with

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Speaker 1: a third degree burned on his bottom. I'm going to

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Speaker 1: say so specific, but the part that makes it like

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Speaker 1: feel believable is that the primary reason Ben invented the

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Speaker 1: thing was to get people's bowels moving right, which is

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Speaker 1: you know, a total live But I love that some

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Speaker 1: fifth grade is probably in it in his school report.

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Speaker 1: That's brilliant. That's brilliant. But let's get back to this

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Speaker 1: first sleep, second sleep thing, which is fascinating. I mean,

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Speaker 1: to me, the most interesting part is that it's been

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Speaker 1: recreated in science experiments, like when people are isolated from

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Speaker 1: their screens, humans actually returned to this natural human sleep pattern,

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Speaker 1: and it brings up all sorts of questions about our

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Speaker 1: circadian clocks. But let's take a step back and talk

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Speaker 1: about that. I mean, we all know our bodies have

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Speaker 1: a natural clock, or what we call a circadian rhythm,

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Speaker 1: and as part of that twenty four hour cycle, we

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Speaker 1: know we get tired at night, then we wake up

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Speaker 1: in the morning. But why have we evolved to do

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Speaker 1: any of this? I mean, it seems like just the

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Speaker 1: act of going to sleep must have been so dangerous

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Speaker 1: for our ancestors, not wanting to be eaten by predators.

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Speaker 1: In fact, there's this this well known sleep researcher at

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Speaker 1: the University of Chicago named Alan Retstaffen who said, if

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Speaker 1: sleep doesn't serve an absolutely vital function, it's the greatest

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Speaker 1: mistake evolution has ever made. So there's got to be

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Speaker 1: a really good reason, right, I mean there is, right,

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Speaker 1: there's strong evidence that sleep is important for our nervous

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Speaker 1: system and our immune system, but the latest research on

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Speaker 1: what's happening in our brains when we sleep is some

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Speaker 1: of the most compelling. There's a tendency to think of

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Speaker 1: sleeping this time when our brains are inactive. It's actually

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Speaker 1: the opposite. Without getting too deep into it, we should

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Speaker 1: probably run through the five stages of sleep. So the

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Speaker 1: first and second stages are really light, and in fact,

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Speaker 1: the first stage is so light that you might not

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Speaker 1: know that you're sleeping. But by the second stage, your

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Speaker 1: brain starts pinging out some sleep specific waves. These are

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Speaker 1: just flashes that last a few seconds at a time.

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Speaker 1: Then the third and fourth stages move into this deep sleep,

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Speaker 1: and your brain starts sending out these long rhythmic bursts

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Speaker 1: called delta waves. This is where you start floating away

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Speaker 1: from consciousness, and in the fourth stage particularly, that's where

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Speaker 1: you can get disoriented. So I don't know if this

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Speaker 1: has happened to you, but if you've ever had sleep drunkenness,

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Speaker 1: like if you've ever woken up at the wrong cycle

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Speaker 1: and felt totally groggy. That's because you were interrupted in

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Speaker 1: the fourth stage. You're you're saying this all in such

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Speaker 1: a soothing voice. I think I need to share a

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Speaker 1: fact about waking people up in that fourth stage, so

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Speaker 1: they're actually all these ridiculous alarm clocks meant to wake

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Speaker 1: up really heavy sleepers, Like we've got simone yatch later today,

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Speaker 1: who made one of the funniest alarm clocks I've seen.

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Speaker 1: But there's this other great fire alarm clock from Japan

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Speaker 1: and it works by spring was Sabby into your room

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Speaker 1: was sobby, and which I guess makes sense since horse

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Speaker 1: radish up your nose is definitely going to get you

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Speaker 1: out of bed. But I kind of think about it

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Speaker 1: like this, like, what's worse than your house being on fire.

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Speaker 1: It's learning your house is on fire by having was

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Speaker 1: sabby spread up your nose. Yeah, it sounds terful. But

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Speaker 1: let's get back to the stages because there's only one more. Okay,

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Speaker 1: sorry about for the for the interruption. So we've gone

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Speaker 1: over the first four where your brain waves have gradually

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Speaker 1: slowed down, your body temperature has dropped, and you've gradually

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Speaker 1: become a mobile. You're in this deep sleep. So those

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Speaker 1: four stages of occupy about eighty percent of your sleep time.

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Speaker 1: But then we moved into the fifth stage, which is

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Speaker 1: r e M or rapid eye movement, And this is

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Speaker 1: where our brains get really going again, and your eyes

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Speaker 1: tend to dart around on your eyelids. And that's the

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Speaker 1: stage where we really dream, like in a good night's sleep.

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Speaker 1: You'd moved through these stages multiple times, right, And that

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Speaker 1: immobility part is important. I saw this weird cat study.

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Speaker 1: Wait is that more a cat's study. We're a researcher

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Speaker 1: named Michael Juve and France made tiny cuts and a

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Speaker 1: cat's brain and turned off the part that triggers immobility

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Speaker 1: and sleep. So when these cats hit the r EM stage,

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Speaker 1: instead of just playing the dreams out in their head,

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Speaker 1: they started acting them out in real life. The cats

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Speaker 1: started hissing and clawing and arching their bags and jumping

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Speaker 1: onto people encounters. You know how I feel about cats,

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Speaker 1: So this is terrifying to me. All in a dream state,

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Speaker 1: and when they were woken up, they were, you know,

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Speaker 1: very cat about it, like no big deal. Yeah, we

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Speaker 1: both share that fear of cats. Because I think it's

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Speaker 1: because they seem so unpredictable. But the fact that in

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Speaker 1: their sleep they're actually dreaming about clawing and attacking you,

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Speaker 1: that's yeah, it is crazy. And and you know, sleep

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Speaker 1: studies on other animals are just as fascinating. So for

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Speaker 1: years we've known that dolphins and whales and birds and

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Speaker 1: other animals sleep with only half their brain at a time,

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Speaker 1: so the other half can stand guard and look out

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Speaker 1: for predators. And in mallard ducks, for example, when they're

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Speaker 1: all in a line, the two outermost birds will often

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Speaker 1: be the only ones to keep half their brains to

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Speaker 1: look out for danger, like they just notice stand guard

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Speaker 1: for all the other ducks in the line. It's it's

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Speaker 1: crazy and I'm fascinating. But the weirdest thing is that

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Speaker 1: previously we didn't think humans did this, but it turns

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Speaker 1: out we do. There's this thing called first night effect,

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Speaker 1: which happens when we stay in a new place, our

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Speaker 1: brains revert to their animal instincts and they go into

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Speaker 1: survival mode to make sure nothing fishy is going on.

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Speaker 1: So instead of sleeping restfully, your brain takes turns, allowing

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Speaker 1: one half of your brain to sleep while the other

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Speaker 1: half of your brain stays more aware of its surroundings.

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Speaker 1: It's why you don't get a great night's sleep in

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Speaker 1: your first night, or a hotel or somewhere else new

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Speaker 1: So and strangely, the effect is almost completely gone by

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Speaker 1: night too. But before we get back to whether or

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Speaker 1: not humans will ever be able to go without sleep,

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Speaker 1: why don't we take a quick break for a quiz. Okay,

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Speaker 1: man goes, So, who do we have on the line

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Speaker 1: to play with us today? Today? We've got two part

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Speaker 1: time Zoomba instructors on the line, Stacy and Zoomba. This

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Speaker 1: is exciting, super exciting. When we put out a call

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Speaker 1: for Zoomba instructors, we didn't know what to expect. But

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Speaker 1: we've got two really good ones on the line. So

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Speaker 1: our first one works in corporate communications by day and

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Speaker 1: as a Zoomba instructor at night. Gathongeli, welcome to part

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Speaker 1: time Genius. Thank you. And our other one is a

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Speaker 1: voiceover actor by day and a Zoomba instructor at night.

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Speaker 1: So Stacy, welcome to part time Genius. Hi. So you

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Speaker 1: know what I have to ask you guys, just to

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Speaker 1: to get a better understanding of what Zoomba is I

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Speaker 1: have to confess I've never been to a zoomba class.

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Speaker 1: I think I'm planning to go. You guys are nice

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Speaker 1: enough to tell us we should come by one of

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Speaker 1: yours at some point. But Gathangela, let's start with you

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Speaker 1: explain to us the difference between zoomba and just say,

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Speaker 1: regular aerobics. With regular aerobics you kind of break down everything,

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Speaker 1: but with zumba you just google go and um. It's

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Speaker 1: similar that it's in the sense that it's a dance

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Speaker 1: audio format. Um, but it has all sorts of world dance.

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Speaker 1: The emphasis is that you do a little bit of

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Speaker 1: Latin American, little African, a little Indian Bollywood, and so

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Speaker 1: you get a little taste of the world while you

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Speaker 1: dance and have fun. And uh and Stacy, you mentioned

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Speaker 1: you have a background in ballroom dance and Chinese opera.

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Speaker 1: Is that required to go to a zoomba class. Yeah, okay, no, no,

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Speaker 1: I mean you don't need to have any sort of

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Speaker 1: dance backgrounds at all. Um. I think it's just influences

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Speaker 1: my own classes, because you know, I just noticed, I'll

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Speaker 1: I'll throw in some elements sometimes even I'm not even

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Speaker 1: conscious of the fact that I that they're in there,

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Speaker 1: you know, but since actually I hold my arms or

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Speaker 1: maybe Wally I use my hands are inspired by ball

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Speaker 1: room or by Chinese opera. Um, but you know what

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Speaker 1: I love about seeing that is I the honest truth

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Speaker 1: is I actually hate exercising. I'm in a zoom but class,

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Speaker 1: I just feel like I'm at a party, and hopefully

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Speaker 1: that's what my classes are like too. I just feel

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Speaker 1: like we're at a party. We're dancing, we're having fun,

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Speaker 1: and I didn't even care that they're sweat all over

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Speaker 1: the floor and that, you know, my hair is wet

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Speaker 1: all the way down to the end, you know, But

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Speaker 1: we're just having so much fun. That's awesome. That's kind

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Speaker 1: of the way we feel about podcasting. We're always so

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Speaker 1: sweaty and just like, but it's it's worth it, alright.

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Speaker 1: So we are playing a game today. What's it called

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Speaker 1: nonsensical Sleep rhymes. Nonsensical sleep rhymes, So this is a

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Speaker 1: pretty dumb actually really. We invented this based on the

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Speaker 1: phrase you snooze you lose. So every answer starts you

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Speaker 1: snooze you blank, and the blank is some rhyming word.

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Speaker 1: It rhymes with loose and snooze. So if we were

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Speaker 1: to give you the clue what happens if you drink

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Speaker 1: Martini's in your sleep, you'd say you snooze, you booze, right,

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Speaker 1: So every answer is going to be exactly that moronic.

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Speaker 1: And what are we playing for here? Though? Today? Mango,

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Speaker 1: you're playing for the big prize. Whoever wins will get

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Speaker 1: a hand written note from us to your mom or

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Speaker 1: your boss. It's your choice. But actually we're gonna put

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Speaker 1: them on the same team today, you know, so they

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Speaker 1: both get this opportunity. We're gonna put you on the

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Speaker 1: same team. And let's see how this goes. You guys,

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Speaker 1: ready to play? You snooze, you lose, all right? So Gothogeli,

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Speaker 1: we're gonna start with you. If you have any problems, though,

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Speaker 1: we're going to throw it to Stacy and then we're

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Speaker 1: gonna go back and forth. And our goal is for

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Speaker 1: you guys to get all nine of these correct. Let's

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Speaker 1: go quickly, you're ready, Here we go. What happens when

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Speaker 1: you communicate with cows when you're sleeping? Yes, well done, alright, Stacy?

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Speaker 1: What happens when you board a carnival ship when you're sleeping?

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Speaker 1: You snooze you crew well, Gothongeli. What happens when you

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Speaker 1: put pantine in your hair when you're sleeping? You snooze?

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Speaker 1: You shampoo. I love how you can hear it in

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Speaker 1: her voice that she's like, is the quiz really this done?

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Speaker 1: But it is? Snooze your shampoos? Right, alright, Stacy? What

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Speaker 1: happens when you have anemia and you bump into things

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Speaker 1: in your sleep? You snooze? Man, You guys are so

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Speaker 1: good at this. Four out of four so far? Alright, Gothongeli.

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Speaker 1: What happens when you start attaching things with a bottle

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Speaker 1: of Elmer's in your sleep? You snooze? You glue with confidence?

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Speaker 1: She's bought in. Alright, alright, Stacy? What happens when you

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Speaker 1: sneeze in your sleep? Like you? Oh no, I'm blanking

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Speaker 1: you sneeze, you snooze you? What sound do you make

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Speaker 1: when you sneeze? Aha? It's well, it's not as you snooze. Yes,

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Speaker 1: that's it, you got it, You got it right? All right,

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Speaker 1: we're coming back to you, Juli. Here goes. What happens

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Speaker 1: when you play a buzzing kids instrument in your sleep?

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Speaker 1: You snooze? You? What is that it's a really simple

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Speaker 1: instrument you put to your mouth and sounds. You got it.

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Speaker 1: You snooze you kazoos. Right, this is the dumbest quizz

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Speaker 1: Every time we do a quiz, I'm like, they can't

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Speaker 1: get any dumber, and this may be the dumbest we do.

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Speaker 1: We do all right, Stacy number eight, What happens when

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Speaker 1: you construct an Inuit shelter in your sleep? Sneeze you iglue?

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Speaker 1: Well done? All right, to bring it all home. Let's

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Speaker 1: see you guys can Well, we'll let Gethanoli answer this one.

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Speaker 1: What happens when you dine with pand is in your sleep?

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Speaker 1: Thank goodness, I think about what they might munch on.

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Speaker 1: Oh you knew you bamboo? Yes, it was really dumb.

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Speaker 1: That's right. Our hands are going to be pretty tired

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Speaker 1: from writing these notes. This is great. Well yeah, well

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Speaker 1: we're not only sending them home with notes, We're also

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Speaker 1: going to be mailing them a canned which which is

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Speaker 1: the number one peanut butter and jelly and a can

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Speaker 1: on the market sandwiches and things that are stored in

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Speaker 1: pop top containers. You loved canned which are they one

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Speaker 1: of the sponsors. That's awesome, Well, we will have to

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Speaker 1: check out a zoomba class. You guys have us sold

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Speaker 1: on this. Cathogeli and Stacy, thank you so much for

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Speaker 1: joining us on part time Genius. So, as we discussed

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Speaker 1: before the break, I hate sleeping. I don't know why

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Speaker 1: we have to do it. It feels extravagant and lazy,

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Speaker 1: perfect waste of time. So convince me, mango, why do

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Speaker 1: we need sleep? Well, it sounds like a tall order,

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Speaker 1: but the first thing is that our brains are using

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Speaker 1: it for some major memory consolidation. Like just think about

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Speaker 1: all the things that happened during a single day. Every

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Speaker 1: time your brain learned something, which is pretty much every

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Speaker 1: waking second, the connections between your neurons are strengthened and

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Speaker 1: new connections are created. But if you stop and think

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Speaker 1: about how many short term memories your brain is creating

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Speaker 1: and I don't know, like a twelve or fourteen hour period,

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Speaker 1: it's staggering. So our brain needs a way to sit

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Speaker 1: through all that information and file away the important learnings.

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Speaker 1: And they're all these experiments that confirmed this, Like there

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Speaker 1: was this Harvard study where kids were trained to catch

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Speaker 1: a ball in a cone, like over the course of

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Speaker 1: a half hour the kids got better at it, and

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Speaker 1: their technique improved from let's say about But then the

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Speaker 1: group was split into two sets, and one of the

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Speaker 1: group's got great sleep and their ability to catch the

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Speaker 1: ball jumped up to But the other group, which I

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Speaker 1: guess was just pestered through the nine or allowed to

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Speaker 1: stay up and watch movies or something, they got poor

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Speaker 1: sleep and their rate dropped to below, which is worse

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Speaker 1: than where they started from. And that's because their brains

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Speaker 1: didn't have time to reprocess that information. And actually, there's

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Speaker 1: a rat study study. There are a lot of cat

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Speaker 1: and rats studies, so get used to it, listeners. But

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Speaker 1: in trying to understand sleep, listeners looked at how clusters

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Speaker 1: of neurons worked in rat brains. And the same neurons

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Speaker 1: that lit up when a rat was awake and learning

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Speaker 1: a new task, those lit up again at night. It's

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Speaker 1: like they were replaying these learnings over and over, which

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Speaker 1: is which is fascinating. But the thing is those clusters

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Speaker 1: were lighting up super fast in their dreams. So let's

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Speaker 1: say it took the rats a couple of seconds to

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Speaker 1: walk over and pick up a piece of food in

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Speaker 1: their sleep, that same brain activity would only take a

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Speaker 1: fraction of a second. It's like, because your brain isn't

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Speaker 1: juggling between all the distractions of when you're awake, it's

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Speaker 1: able to process these things that much faster, and in

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Speaker 1: replaying these events, it turns your important memories into long

423
00:22:05,840 --> 00:22:08,840
Speaker 1: term ones. You say, important memories like getting food is

424
00:22:08,880 --> 00:22:11,080
Speaker 1: a really memorable one for a rat is one? Are

425
00:22:11,119 --> 00:22:13,520
Speaker 1: the unimportant ones? Well, that's a good question. If there's

426
00:22:13,560 --> 00:22:16,119
Speaker 1: so many little things we don't really need to commit

427
00:22:16,200 --> 00:22:18,840
Speaker 1: to long term memory, like you were saying, the millions

428
00:22:18,880 --> 00:22:21,520
Speaker 1: of things that happen in any given day, right, and

429
00:22:21,560 --> 00:22:23,520
Speaker 1: we know that it would be too taxing for our

430
00:22:23,520 --> 00:22:26,440
Speaker 1: brain to hold onto everything. So our brains are really

431
00:22:26,480 --> 00:22:29,119
Speaker 1: good at cleaning themselves out at night and purging the

432
00:22:29,160 --> 00:22:32,520
Speaker 1: insignificant ones. There's a team of researchers from the University

433
00:22:32,520 --> 00:22:36,159
Speaker 1: of Wisconsin Madison that recently found that our brains actually

434
00:22:36,320 --> 00:22:39,720
Speaker 1: shrink during sleep. Is this unbelievable that the number and

435
00:22:39,840 --> 00:22:43,440
Speaker 1: size of our brains synapsies shrink by as much as

436
00:22:43,840 --> 00:22:48,520
Speaker 1: in the mice that they looked at. No, these were

437
00:22:48,560 --> 00:22:50,679
Speaker 1: not rats, they were mice. But this is how our

438
00:22:50,720 --> 00:22:53,800
Speaker 1: brains deal with all the information we've learned in a day,

439
00:22:53,880 --> 00:22:55,919
Speaker 1: which allows us to wake up and start fresh the

440
00:22:56,000 --> 00:22:58,040
Speaker 1: next day. You know, this makes me think of those

441
00:22:58,040 --> 00:23:00,520
Speaker 1: people with insane super memories, you know, the people who

442
00:23:00,520 --> 00:23:03,240
Speaker 1: remember every single detail in their lives, and I wonder

443
00:23:03,240 --> 00:23:05,800
Speaker 1: if that's actually related to a sleep disorder. Yeah, it

444
00:23:05,800 --> 00:23:08,159
Speaker 1: would be complete torture to have this happened. I know

445
00:23:08,200 --> 00:23:10,639
Speaker 1: there are people like this. Fortunately, I could barely remember

446
00:23:10,640 --> 00:23:12,560
Speaker 1: each time I get a snack from the snack basket,

447
00:23:12,600 --> 00:23:14,760
Speaker 1: which I don't know. Maybe it's unfortunate because maybe it

448
00:23:14,800 --> 00:23:17,320
Speaker 1: explains the seven granola bar rappers sitting right beside me.

449
00:23:25,440 --> 00:23:27,120
Speaker 1: So we've heard for years now that it's a bad

450
00:23:27,160 --> 00:23:29,760
Speaker 1: idea to spend time reading our phones and e book

451
00:23:29,800 --> 00:23:33,480
Speaker 1: devices just before bed. I'll admit I'm terrible about this,

452
00:23:33,680 --> 00:23:35,800
Speaker 1: not just before bed, but in the middle of the night.

453
00:23:36,280 --> 00:23:38,360
Speaker 1: If I wake up whenever it is, I'll roll over,

454
00:23:38,480 --> 00:23:42,360
Speaker 1: grab my phone, check email, read little news because apparently

455
00:23:42,359 --> 00:23:43,800
Speaker 1: I need to know what's going on in Agia while

456
00:23:43,840 --> 00:23:46,479
Speaker 1: we sleep. I don't know, but this is really not

457
00:23:46,560 --> 00:23:48,720
Speaker 1: good for my sleep, is it. Yeah? I'm I'm pretty

458
00:23:48,760 --> 00:23:50,520
Speaker 1: bad about this too. And it all comes back to

459
00:23:50,560 --> 00:23:54,200
Speaker 1: our circadian clocks, like as humans were. Obviously, wired to

460
00:23:54,240 --> 00:23:57,000
Speaker 1: get sleepy after the sun goes down and wake up

461
00:23:57,040 --> 00:23:59,480
Speaker 1: when the sun comes up. But if we're exposed to

462
00:23:59,480 --> 00:24:01,960
Speaker 1: too much blue light in the evening, that can delay

463
00:24:02,000 --> 00:24:04,640
Speaker 1: the release of our melotone and throw off our clocks.

464
00:24:05,119 --> 00:24:07,840
Speaker 1: And speaking of circadian rhythms, I have to tell you

465
00:24:07,880 --> 00:24:10,840
Speaker 1: this thing I've read about Monday night football. Apparently, when

466
00:24:10,880 --> 00:24:13,280
Speaker 1: East Coast teams play on the West Coast, they have

467
00:24:13,320 --> 00:24:15,879
Speaker 1: a massive disadvantage because the West Coast teams are just

468
00:24:15,920 --> 00:24:19,880
Speaker 1: more awake. And when researchers from Stanford and Harvard analyze

469
00:24:19,880 --> 00:24:22,000
Speaker 1: the numbers from forty years of these games, they found

470
00:24:22,040 --> 00:24:25,240
Speaker 1: that the West Coast teams overperformed by like two touchdowns

471
00:24:25,760 --> 00:24:28,679
Speaker 1: and often beat the spread from Vegas by seven points.

472
00:24:28,920 --> 00:24:31,200
Speaker 1: That's crazy. You know, if you ever get access to

473
00:24:31,240 --> 00:24:33,760
Speaker 1: a time machine, you should go back and West Coast

474
00:24:33,760 --> 00:24:36,320
Speaker 1: teams all right, So where were we? Cell phones? That's right?

475
00:24:36,359 --> 00:24:38,760
Speaker 1: So so several studies have shown that reading on a

476
00:24:38,840 --> 00:24:41,360
Speaker 1: light emitting device causes people to take longer to fall

477
00:24:41,400 --> 00:24:44,640
Speaker 1: asleep versus just reading on a good old fashioned paperback, right,

478
00:24:45,160 --> 00:24:47,280
Speaker 1: and it tends to cause you to spend less time

479
00:24:47,359 --> 00:24:49,879
Speaker 1: in R E. M. Sleep. But the weirdest part to

480
00:24:49,960 --> 00:24:52,359
Speaker 1: me was that even after a good night's rest, like

481
00:24:52,440 --> 00:24:55,480
Speaker 1: say eight or nine hours of uninterrupted sleep, those who

482
00:24:55,520 --> 00:24:59,040
Speaker 1: read on devices woke up sleep here. I did finally

483
00:24:59,119 --> 00:25:01,400
Speaker 1: change my phone to the night shift setting, I kind

484
00:25:01,400 --> 00:25:02,960
Speaker 1: of just because I like saying my phone is in

485
00:25:03,000 --> 00:25:06,639
Speaker 1: the night shift. It really does. So it adjust to

486
00:25:06,680 --> 00:25:09,280
Speaker 1: the warmer end of the spectrum and stays that way

487
00:25:09,280 --> 00:25:11,680
Speaker 1: through the night. So I'm still game in case there's

488
00:25:11,680 --> 00:25:14,480
Speaker 1: a good news story from Asia three am. So, but

489
00:25:14,560 --> 00:25:17,600
Speaker 1: let's talk about something else that supposedly affects people sleep,

490
00:25:17,640 --> 00:25:20,280
Speaker 1: and that's food. I feel like we're scientists because in

491
00:25:20,320 --> 00:25:23,640
Speaker 1: our own studies we found that sometimes people don't sleep

492
00:25:23,680 --> 00:25:25,440
Speaker 1: well after they eight I don't know, say they all

493
00:25:25,480 --> 00:25:28,760
Speaker 1: star breakfast from waffle house at midnight. And that effect

494
00:25:28,800 --> 00:25:31,040
Speaker 1: seems to be more profound on thirty eight year old

495
00:25:31,040 --> 00:25:33,639
Speaker 1: bodies than it was on twenty year old Definitely, definitely,

496
00:25:33,720 --> 00:25:35,520
Speaker 1: But our studies show that it was totally worth a

497
00:25:35,560 --> 00:25:38,520
Speaker 1: three am discomfort, even if our participants, being us, may

498
00:25:38,520 --> 00:25:42,040
Speaker 1: not have agreed at three am. Yeah, that's just good science.

499
00:25:42,800 --> 00:25:45,399
Speaker 1: Let's talk about dreams specifically, and this long held belief

500
00:25:45,440 --> 00:25:48,560
Speaker 1: that certain foods make us dream crazier. Dreams. Like. You know,

501
00:25:48,560 --> 00:25:51,240
Speaker 1: what's funny is that I never realized people blame food

502
00:25:51,280 --> 00:25:54,159
Speaker 1: for bad dreams until I started reading Garfield books in

503
00:25:54,200 --> 00:25:58,080
Speaker 1: second grade. It was a real education. Garfield made me

504
00:25:58,080 --> 00:26:02,480
Speaker 1: realize that a people hate money. Definitely, if you eat

505
00:26:02,480 --> 00:26:04,840
Speaker 1: too much lasagna or spicy foods late at night, it

506
00:26:04,880 --> 00:26:08,040
Speaker 1: can give you crazy dreams about I don't know, lasagna.

507
00:26:08,760 --> 00:26:10,720
Speaker 1: You might have been better off studying your science from

508
00:26:10,720 --> 00:26:14,080
Speaker 1: somebody other than Garfield, But you know, anyway, But I'm

509
00:26:14,119 --> 00:26:16,320
Speaker 1: certain there will be listeners who disagree with this. But

510
00:26:16,400 --> 00:26:18,560
Speaker 1: there doesn't seem to be a lot of evidence that

511
00:26:18,760 --> 00:26:22,280
Speaker 1: certain foods cause bizarre or disturbing dreams. At least there

512
00:26:22,280 --> 00:26:25,200
Speaker 1: aren't a lot of studies that show this conclusively. Yeah,

513
00:26:25,280 --> 00:26:27,360
Speaker 1: you know, I'm the worst at this. Like I don't

514
00:26:27,359 --> 00:26:29,399
Speaker 1: really remember most of my dreams, and I don't really

515
00:26:29,440 --> 00:26:32,399
Speaker 1: remember having nightmares as a kid. Isn't that weird? Well,

516
00:26:32,440 --> 00:26:35,920
Speaker 1: maybe your dreams aren't scary because of your diet is cereal.

517
00:26:36,119 --> 00:26:38,840
Speaker 1: So all the cereal does contain the number one thing

518
00:26:38,920 --> 00:26:42,439
Speaker 1: people blame for crazy dreams, and that's dairy. Actually, I

519
00:26:42,440 --> 00:26:45,040
Speaker 1: always thought of it as being spicy foods, But spicy

520
00:26:45,080 --> 00:26:47,479
Speaker 1: foods come in second for most people claiming they have

521
00:26:47,840 --> 00:26:51,159
Speaker 1: crazy dreams because of food. So maybe you're crunchy saracha flakes.

522
00:26:51,200 --> 00:26:54,480
Speaker 1: That's the deal, got to start the day, right, I

523
00:26:54,520 --> 00:26:59,240
Speaker 1: can't even think about two wet scoops of sharracha. But

524
00:26:59,280 --> 00:27:01,359
Speaker 1: don't you wonder why we dream? And and what's the

525
00:27:01,400 --> 00:27:04,359
Speaker 1: evolutionary purpose? While we of course have to mention Freud,

526
00:27:04,480 --> 00:27:06,320
Speaker 1: he thought we'd dream as a way of thinking through

527
00:27:06,320 --> 00:27:09,960
Speaker 1: our subconscious desires. Yeah, and while that might happen, sometimes

528
00:27:10,040 --> 00:27:12,800
Speaker 1: most of the time we're dreaming about real life experiences.

529
00:27:12,840 --> 00:27:14,840
Speaker 1: And so these are the dreams you're not necessarily going

530
00:27:14,880 --> 00:27:17,840
Speaker 1: to remember because they're not all that exciting. But as

531
00:27:17,880 --> 00:27:20,040
Speaker 1: we discussed, they're important because they help you sort through

532
00:27:20,040 --> 00:27:22,760
Speaker 1: your experiences and figure out what's important to take away

533
00:27:22,800 --> 00:27:25,480
Speaker 1: from them. And that's all going in the non r

534
00:27:25,520 --> 00:27:28,439
Speaker 1: e M phase. But those R e M dreams, the

535
00:27:28,520 --> 00:27:30,639
Speaker 1: crazy ones that you're likely to remember, why in the

536
00:27:30,720 --> 00:27:33,639
Speaker 1: world would we need to remember these? Well, even those

537
00:27:33,640 --> 00:27:36,880
Speaker 1: can be useful from an evolutionary perspective, because even though

538
00:27:36,920 --> 00:27:39,720
Speaker 1: they're really strange, they do help us think through all

539
00:27:39,720 --> 00:27:43,399
Speaker 1: the possibilities of dangerous scenarios from this really safe state.

540
00:27:43,920 --> 00:27:46,800
Speaker 1: But they seem real, right, And that's because the brain

541
00:27:46,840 --> 00:27:49,159
Speaker 1: activity in r M sleep is really similar to that

542
00:27:49,240 --> 00:27:51,520
Speaker 1: of an awake brain. Okay, but you remember the dream

543
00:27:51,560 --> 00:27:53,760
Speaker 1: I was telling you about where Michael Stipe and the

544
00:27:53,800 --> 00:27:56,400
Speaker 1: Harlem Globe Trotters and I were deep sea fishing and

545
00:27:56,440 --> 00:27:58,720
Speaker 1: Michael got mad and through a fish at me hit

546
00:27:58,760 --> 00:28:01,280
Speaker 1: me right in the chest. So that was somehow useful,

547
00:28:01,400 --> 00:28:05,000
Speaker 1: super useful. I mean, I don't have answers for you will,

548
00:28:05,080 --> 00:28:06,960
Speaker 1: but I can tell you we're at the part of

549
00:28:07,000 --> 00:28:09,200
Speaker 1: the episode that we want to give out a part

550
00:28:09,240 --> 00:28:12,520
Speaker 1: time genius, right, Yeah, this episode, I thought it would

551
00:28:12,520 --> 00:28:14,359
Speaker 1: be good to give it to someone who literally dreamed

552
00:28:14,400 --> 00:28:17,120
Speaker 1: something genius and the and so Interially I was thinking

553
00:28:17,119 --> 00:28:19,080
Speaker 1: maybe Paul McCartney, who came up with the tune for

554
00:28:19,119 --> 00:28:22,240
Speaker 1: the song Yesterday in a dream. But I thought it

555
00:28:22,320 --> 00:28:24,919
Speaker 1: might be even better if we gave it to Dmitri Mendeleev,

556
00:28:25,320 --> 00:28:28,000
Speaker 1: who came up with the idea for the periodic table

557
00:28:28,080 --> 00:28:30,520
Speaker 1: while snoozing. You know, it's been a while since mendel

558
00:28:30,680 --> 00:28:32,639
Speaker 1: have won an award, so I think that we should

559
00:28:32,800 --> 00:28:36,760
Speaker 1: we should do it. I second that nomination. Congratulations, you

560
00:28:36,800 --> 00:28:40,200
Speaker 1: have won this episode's part time Genius Award. And I

561
00:28:40,240 --> 00:28:42,160
Speaker 1: know we normally like to write a letter to our

562
00:28:42,200 --> 00:28:45,560
Speaker 1: award winners mother or boss or someone else close to them.

563
00:28:45,560 --> 00:28:48,880
Speaker 1: But considering Mendel of his mother, all his bosses, and

564
00:28:49,040 --> 00:28:51,560
Speaker 1: pretty much anyone else he would have known, would be dead. Now,

565
00:28:52,280 --> 00:28:54,880
Speaker 1: why don't you just say, in his honor, will write

566
00:28:54,880 --> 00:28:57,280
Speaker 1: a note to the American Chemical Society saying, keep up

567
00:28:57,280 --> 00:29:07,760
Speaker 1: the good work, brilliant. Our guest today is someone we've

568
00:29:07,800 --> 00:29:10,360
Speaker 1: been crazy excited to have on the show. Her YouTube

569
00:29:10,400 --> 00:29:14,560
Speaker 1: videos are smart, incredibly funny, and so full of failure.

570
00:29:15,080 --> 00:29:18,360
Speaker 1: She describes herself as the breaker of transistors, the mistress

571
00:29:18,400 --> 00:29:21,680
Speaker 1: of malfunction, the mother of terrible inventions, and as being

572
00:29:22,160 --> 00:29:25,800
Speaker 1: really good at building really bad things. So, Simone, Yah,

573
00:29:25,920 --> 00:29:30,760
Speaker 1: welcome to Part Time Genius. Thank you we are. It

574
00:29:30,920 --> 00:29:33,560
Speaker 1: was a really nice intro. Yeah, I've been working on

575
00:29:33,600 --> 00:29:36,800
Speaker 1: it for weeks. I'm like, it's good that it's only

576
00:29:36,840 --> 00:29:38,840
Speaker 1: we're doing doing only audio because I think I might

577
00:29:38,880 --> 00:29:44,120
Speaker 1: be blushing. It's like, all flustered. I'm glad you survived,

578
00:29:44,160 --> 00:29:47,200
Speaker 1: So Simone, I have to confess, the first video I

579
00:29:47,280 --> 00:29:50,680
Speaker 1: ever saw of yours was the Wake Up Machine, and

580
00:29:50,720 --> 00:29:53,320
Speaker 1: I could not stop laughing at this there was there

581
00:29:53,440 --> 00:29:56,440
Speaker 1: was something about seeing someone awakened so rudely by a

582
00:29:56,560 --> 00:29:59,320
Speaker 1: rubber hands spinning around and slapping them on the face

583
00:29:59,360 --> 00:30:01,680
Speaker 1: that was just so funny to me. So for our

584
00:30:01,720 --> 00:30:04,000
Speaker 1: listeners who have not yet been so lucky as to

585
00:30:04,040 --> 00:30:06,840
Speaker 1: see any of your inventions, can you give just a

586
00:30:06,920 --> 00:30:10,200
Speaker 1: quick overview of what it is that you do. I

587
00:30:11,000 --> 00:30:13,800
Speaker 1: it's it's hard to pitch, or it's like I feel

588
00:30:13,800 --> 00:30:16,040
Speaker 1: like whenever I'm in a lift or in a taxi

589
00:30:16,120 --> 00:30:18,239
Speaker 1: and they ask what I do, I'm like, how do

590
00:30:18,320 --> 00:30:22,480
Speaker 1: I explain this? Basically, I build useless machines like it's

591
00:30:22,520 --> 00:30:26,560
Speaker 1: some sort of robot comedy or like inineering comedy, I'd say,

592
00:30:26,680 --> 00:30:30,880
Speaker 1: but I make the different weird eugenes that hurt me,

593
00:30:31,120 --> 00:30:33,640
Speaker 1: usually in different kinds of ways, or like poor milk

594
00:30:33,680 --> 00:30:37,160
Speaker 1: and cereals everywhere, and I post them on YouTube right right,

595
00:30:37,720 --> 00:30:39,760
Speaker 1: And it was it was your toothbrush helmet that helped

596
00:30:39,800 --> 00:30:43,240
Speaker 1: you kind of get the start in this useless robot direction.

597
00:30:43,320 --> 00:30:46,520
Speaker 1: Is that right? Yeah? So I did a scapeward helmet

598
00:30:46,600 --> 00:30:48,560
Speaker 1: that has a little robot arm on the front of it,

599
00:30:48,640 --> 00:30:50,880
Speaker 1: like a unicorn, and a little cheese brush attached to

600
00:30:50,960 --> 00:30:53,040
Speaker 1: it and it brushes your teeth. Yeah, that was the

601
00:30:53,040 --> 00:30:56,120
Speaker 1: first one that I posted online and it went like

602
00:30:56,600 --> 00:31:00,560
Speaker 1: kind of viral. Um. I was like, that's how I

603
00:31:00,640 --> 00:31:04,560
Speaker 1: learned about you. Yeah, it was. But it's funny because

604
00:31:04,560 --> 00:31:08,760
Speaker 1: like now it's it's it's your your bar like higher

605
00:31:08,760 --> 00:31:11,280
Speaker 1: and higher every time. So looking back I did it,

606
00:31:11,360 --> 00:31:13,480
Speaker 1: I was like, it's in a kay project. But back

607
00:31:13,520 --> 00:31:15,640
Speaker 1: then I was like it was I felt like I

608
00:31:15,680 --> 00:31:17,320
Speaker 1: was sitting in front of the computer and there was

609
00:31:17,360 --> 00:31:19,520
Speaker 1: like wind blowing out of the screen because I was

610
00:31:19,560 --> 00:31:24,520
Speaker 1: just like, oh my god, all over it. But yeah,

611
00:31:24,560 --> 00:31:27,200
Speaker 1: that was the first like crappy robot. Can I say

612
00:31:27,360 --> 00:31:30,200
Speaker 1: the robot? You're gonna go for it. We're just we're

613
00:31:30,200 --> 00:31:35,680
Speaker 1: gonna beat most. It was the first. Yeah, let's let's

614
00:31:35,680 --> 00:31:39,600
Speaker 1: beat robot. Then people won't know what it is. So

615
00:31:39,680 --> 00:31:42,800
Speaker 1: we've seen what a serial feeding robot, a lipstick apply

616
00:31:43,000 --> 00:31:46,280
Speaker 1: or a shampoo machine, a little hand robot that wipe

617
00:31:46,320 --> 00:31:49,000
Speaker 1: standardf away, want a butt wiping robot? I mean, there's

618
00:31:49,000 --> 00:31:53,760
Speaker 1: just so many horrible and lovely invention, so many hands. Yeah,

619
00:31:54,040 --> 00:31:57,040
Speaker 1: So these robots that you build, once they're in a video,

620
00:31:57,200 --> 00:31:59,760
Speaker 1: do you end up keeping these all somewhere? Do you

621
00:31:59,840 --> 00:32:03,600
Speaker 1: end up dismantling them. I try to not dismantle them.

622
00:32:03,640 --> 00:32:05,520
Speaker 1: I used to do that all the time because it's

623
00:32:05,520 --> 00:32:08,400
Speaker 1: so compting to just like borrow parts. But I travel

624
00:32:08,440 --> 00:32:09,840
Speaker 1: a lot with them, and I bring them on to

625
00:32:09,920 --> 00:32:11,960
Speaker 1: different shows and events and stuff like that, so I

626
00:32:12,040 --> 00:32:14,240
Speaker 1: try and keep them. Most of them are in pretty

627
00:32:14,320 --> 00:32:16,640
Speaker 1: rough shape, though, because they've been like thrown in and

628
00:32:16,680 --> 00:32:19,960
Speaker 1: out of a suitcase and they're just like barely working.

629
00:32:20,560 --> 00:32:23,040
Speaker 1: You get questions about them at airports, like why are

630
00:32:23,040 --> 00:32:26,520
Speaker 1: all these hands and in your suitcase? Every time. I

631
00:32:26,560 --> 00:32:28,880
Speaker 1: always wonder that. I mean the same if I'm staying

632
00:32:28,880 --> 00:32:31,320
Speaker 1: in a hotel room and like the bag because I

633
00:32:31,320 --> 00:32:34,800
Speaker 1: have like this big, like Pelican Robots suitcase, and um,

634
00:32:35,040 --> 00:32:37,640
Speaker 1: I was wondering what, like the housekeeper like, what they

635
00:32:37,640 --> 00:32:40,480
Speaker 1: think about it, because it must look like a very

636
00:32:40,520 --> 00:32:44,880
Speaker 1: bizarre thing. Um. But no, they always check it on airports,

637
00:32:45,040 --> 00:32:48,360
Speaker 1: and that's how I recruit new subscribers. Speaking of other

638
00:32:48,560 --> 00:32:51,479
Speaker 1: weird projects that you've taken on, you recently locked yourself

639
00:32:51,520 --> 00:32:54,200
Speaker 1: in a bathroom for forty eight straight hours. Now remind

640
00:32:54,280 --> 00:32:56,720
Speaker 1: us again while you did this, I made my own

641
00:32:56,720 --> 00:32:59,920
Speaker 1: space program because nobody else would have me, so I've

642
00:33:00,000 --> 00:33:02,160
Speaker 1: really want to go to space, but like I'm not

643
00:33:02,280 --> 00:33:05,000
Speaker 1: qualified enough to go with NASA or I don't think

644
00:33:05,000 --> 00:33:07,640
Speaker 1: I'm cool enough to be with SpaceX. So I was like,

645
00:33:08,240 --> 00:33:10,160
Speaker 1: I'll do my own space program and I'll see if

646
00:33:10,520 --> 00:33:12,880
Speaker 1: somebody wants to pick me up. So I did like

647
00:33:12,960 --> 00:33:15,440
Speaker 1: a three episode web series where I did my own

648
00:33:15,480 --> 00:33:17,960
Speaker 1: astronaut training program, and as a part of that, I

649
00:33:18,000 --> 00:33:22,520
Speaker 1: needed to practice like isolation and being in a confined space.

650
00:33:22,640 --> 00:33:25,240
Speaker 1: So I locked myself in my bathroom for forty eight hours.

651
00:33:25,440 --> 00:33:28,320
Speaker 1: I love that. I have to confess that the real

652
00:33:28,400 --> 00:33:30,880
Speaker 1: reason for this interview is in that video that you're

653
00:33:30,880 --> 00:33:33,240
Speaker 1: talking about. You held up a copy of one of

654
00:33:33,280 --> 00:33:36,480
Speaker 1: my favorite kids books in recent years, Dragons Love Tacos.

655
00:33:36,920 --> 00:33:39,360
Speaker 1: Were you being serious about your love of this book?

656
00:33:40,960 --> 00:33:45,000
Speaker 1: It is so funny? So should we play this quiz? Yes,

657
00:33:45,080 --> 00:33:48,360
Speaker 1: let's play a quiz? Alright? So, oh my god, get ready,

658
00:33:48,360 --> 00:33:50,560
Speaker 1: we're gonna throw you off here. So what is it?

659
00:33:50,600 --> 00:33:52,520
Speaker 1: What is it? What are we doing? We're We're gonna

660
00:33:52,520 --> 00:33:55,240
Speaker 1: tell you'll see. So, um, first of all, it's required

661
00:33:55,240 --> 00:33:56,520
Speaker 1: that you're on a house boat or you on a

662
00:33:56,520 --> 00:34:00,600
Speaker 1: house boat right now? Yes, okay, excellent, all right, So

663
00:34:00,760 --> 00:34:03,360
Speaker 1: in Sweden, do you need to get in the water, Yes,

664
00:34:03,520 --> 00:34:05,040
Speaker 1: you do. You need to get in the water for

665
00:34:05,120 --> 00:34:07,320
Speaker 1: this question. No, no, no, you're good. You can stay,

666
00:34:07,400 --> 00:34:12,200
Speaker 1: you can stay, okay, Sweden. Al right, So in Sweden,

667
00:34:12,239 --> 00:34:14,000
Speaker 1: do you count sheep to go to sleep? Or is

668
00:34:14,040 --> 00:34:17,480
Speaker 1: that just an American thing? I think we count sheep? Okay, alright,

669
00:34:17,480 --> 00:34:19,799
Speaker 1: so I don't think I ever did it. Yeah, no,

670
00:34:19,960 --> 00:34:22,759
Speaker 1: that is that's familiar. All right, so good, good deal.

671
00:34:22,800 --> 00:34:25,000
Speaker 1: This is a section where we would normally call it

672
00:34:25,080 --> 00:34:28,400
Speaker 1: true or false sleep addition, but today we're calling it

673
00:34:28,520 --> 00:34:31,239
Speaker 1: sheep or bull sheep. So we're going to read you

674
00:34:31,280 --> 00:34:35,120
Speaker 1: a sense. Okay, okay, We're going to read you a sentence.

675
00:34:35,560 --> 00:34:37,759
Speaker 1: And if you think it's nonsense, all you have to

676
00:34:37,800 --> 00:34:41,160
Speaker 1: do is say bullshep and mango. What is she playing for? Today?

677
00:34:41,360 --> 00:34:45,879
Speaker 1: As always, the celebrity guest is playing for our unadulterated admiration.

678
00:34:46,360 --> 00:34:51,240
Speaker 1: I actually you had my hopes up something. I feel

679
00:34:51,760 --> 00:34:56,080
Speaker 1: the hopes came up and then they crashed down her. Okay, admiration,

680
00:34:56,120 --> 00:34:58,759
Speaker 1: I'll take it. We'll maybe add to that, you know,

681
00:34:59,239 --> 00:35:01,840
Speaker 1: setting up a a date with the authors of Dragons

682
00:35:01,840 --> 00:35:08,360
Speaker 1: Love Tacos. So, oh my god, yeah, okay, I'm game on.

683
00:35:09,880 --> 00:35:12,080
Speaker 1: Here we go sheep or bulls sheep? Here we go

684
00:35:12,200 --> 00:35:17,200
Speaker 1: Question number one. The first Australian ultramarathon runner was a

685
00:35:17,280 --> 00:35:20,360
Speaker 1: sixty one year old shepherd. He won the five hundred

686
00:35:20,400 --> 00:35:23,760
Speaker 1: mile race handily by running through the night and tricking

687
00:35:23,840 --> 00:35:27,680
Speaker 1: himself into believing he was running after his sheep sheep

688
00:35:27,800 --> 00:35:34,960
Speaker 1: or bull sheep? Sheep? Oh my god? Yeah, yeah, I'm

689
00:35:35,040 --> 00:35:38,000
Speaker 1: thinking that it's but if I haven't heard the other ones,

690
00:35:38,040 --> 00:35:40,319
Speaker 1: but I'm thinking that that one's too weird to be

691
00:35:40,400 --> 00:35:42,480
Speaker 1: able to come up with. What was his name? His

692
00:35:42,560 --> 00:35:44,560
Speaker 1: name was Cliff Young, and he was mocked for running

693
00:35:44,560 --> 00:35:48,280
Speaker 1: in boots and shuffling along, but he kept kept running

694
00:35:48,280 --> 00:35:52,279
Speaker 1: while everyone else slept. All right, my hero, Can I

695
00:35:52,280 --> 00:35:55,319
Speaker 1: be friends with him? We can. We're gonna go ahead

696
00:35:55,320 --> 00:36:00,200
Speaker 1: say yes. I have no idea, really sad to really yes.

697
00:36:00,280 --> 00:36:03,720
Speaker 1: But then we'll get your friends. We're just gonna find

698
00:36:03,760 --> 00:36:08,600
Speaker 1: some dude and be like, this is him, he's your friend. Yeah,

699
00:36:08,920 --> 00:36:11,840
Speaker 1: all right, let's see question number two. Sheep or bull sheep.

700
00:36:12,239 --> 00:36:14,760
Speaker 1: There's a sheep from Scotland that lives on the beach

701
00:36:14,840 --> 00:36:18,440
Speaker 1: and has a diet made up almost entirely of seaweed.

702
00:36:19,000 --> 00:36:21,319
Speaker 1: I did. I was in Scotland recently, just a couple

703
00:36:21,360 --> 00:36:23,360
Speaker 1: of weeks ago, and I saw a lot of sheep.

704
00:36:24,160 --> 00:36:28,120
Speaker 1: They were mainly goats on the coast. I'm gonna call

705
00:36:29,160 --> 00:36:33,560
Speaker 1: bull sheep. It was actually a sheep the north. Yeah,

706
00:36:33,640 --> 00:36:36,440
Speaker 1: there's a sheep that lives in Orkney and they're one

707
00:36:36,440 --> 00:36:39,840
Speaker 1: of the only mammals that can survive exclusively on this seafood.

708
00:36:41,920 --> 00:36:45,719
Speaker 1: I thought you meant one sheep. There was a single

709
00:36:45,800 --> 00:36:53,080
Speaker 1: like poor Bernard sheep. That was what I thought, okty sheep, harambe.

710
00:36:54,160 --> 00:36:56,520
Speaker 1: Well we're getting to a celebrity sheep, so question there

711
00:36:56,560 --> 00:37:00,160
Speaker 1: are real Dolly is a Dolly? Got it all right? Oh?

712
00:37:00,560 --> 00:37:03,400
Speaker 1: Here we go. Dolly the sheep was named for Dolly

713
00:37:03,480 --> 00:37:06,480
Speaker 1: Madison because the scientists got the idea for cloning the

714
00:37:06,520 --> 00:37:10,480
Speaker 1: sheep while board on an historic tour of James Madison's

715
00:37:10,520 --> 00:37:15,839
Speaker 1: home at Montpelier. Sheep or bullshep, bull sheep, Yeah, you're right,

716
00:37:16,120 --> 00:37:20,120
Speaker 1: Dolly was named for Dolly Pardon number four. Sheep have

717
00:37:20,200 --> 00:37:23,760
Speaker 1: amazing memories and can remember up to fifty other sheep

718
00:37:23,920 --> 00:37:31,400
Speaker 1: for several years. I mean, they're known for being stupid,

719
00:37:31,600 --> 00:37:34,239
Speaker 1: but at the same time they're like herd animals, or

720
00:37:34,280 --> 00:37:36,800
Speaker 1: I mean they have like their sheep packed or whatever.

721
00:37:36,800 --> 00:37:39,440
Speaker 1: It's called a school of sheep. What's like the count

722
00:37:41,280 --> 00:37:45,560
Speaker 1: pack of sheep a murder of sheep? But I'm going

723
00:37:45,600 --> 00:37:48,800
Speaker 1: to call sheep because I want them too smart. You're right,

724
00:37:48,960 --> 00:37:53,319
Speaker 1: So yeah, they can get drawn off by haircuts. Occasionally

725
00:37:53,960 --> 00:37:57,359
Speaker 1: they can't recognize other sheep. I can relate to that.

726
00:37:59,600 --> 00:38:02,680
Speaker 1: So you went three for four. Great job, Simone introductions.

727
00:38:05,880 --> 00:38:08,640
Speaker 1: So if you've not seen Simone's videos, definitely check them out.

728
00:38:08,680 --> 00:38:12,160
Speaker 1: Because her name has a crazy Swedish pronunciation. Her last

729
00:38:12,239 --> 00:38:14,560
Speaker 1: name is actually spelled g I E r t z,

730
00:38:14,760 --> 00:38:17,760
Speaker 1: but we've included the link in the show description. So Simone,

731
00:38:17,800 --> 00:38:19,520
Speaker 1: thanks so much for joining us today, and thanks for

732
00:38:19,560 --> 00:38:22,279
Speaker 1: putting smiles on so many faces with all of your nonsense.

733
00:38:37,400 --> 00:38:39,840
Speaker 1: I have to say that after all our research and discussion,

734
00:38:39,920 --> 00:38:42,640
Speaker 1: I'm not exactly feeling optimistic that I'll be getting my

735
00:38:42,800 --> 00:38:45,920
Speaker 1: live Asleep Free Life pill anytime. Well in my lifetime.

736
00:38:46,600 --> 00:38:49,080
Speaker 1: I mean, you could fall zacket and have sixty cups

737
00:38:49,080 --> 00:38:51,680
Speaker 1: of coffee a day, or if you don't love that

738
00:38:51,800 --> 00:38:55,160
Speaker 1: caffeine crash, there pills that can keep you up for

739
00:38:55,360 --> 00:38:57,160
Speaker 1: maybe thirty hours at a time without much of a

740
00:38:57,239 --> 00:39:00,760
Speaker 1: drop off. It's funny because armies throughout history have invested

741
00:39:00,800 --> 00:39:04,200
Speaker 1: in this sort of stuff, like the Incas used coca leaves,

742
00:39:04,239 --> 00:39:07,960
Speaker 1: and the Greeks played with opium, and the Nazis used

743
00:39:08,080 --> 00:39:11,120
Speaker 1: meth amphetamines to make their soldiers march for forty miles

744
00:39:11,120 --> 00:39:14,480
Speaker 1: at a clip. But there are always these massive negative

745
00:39:14,520 --> 00:39:17,560
Speaker 1: side effects, right, And even today we're searching for that cure.

746
00:39:18,120 --> 00:39:21,839
Speaker 1: Like there's this drug modaphanel, and some army officers and

747
00:39:21,920 --> 00:39:23,960
Speaker 1: even some presidents have been rumored to take it to

748
00:39:24,000 --> 00:39:27,239
Speaker 1: work longer. And while it's used in the field, supposedly

749
00:39:27,280 --> 00:39:30,440
Speaker 1: it can make you overconfident, and even though you're fully awake,

750
00:39:30,600 --> 00:39:33,160
Speaker 1: you might be more prone to making bad decisions. So

751
00:39:33,200 --> 00:39:36,239
Speaker 1: there's still research to be done. But for the most part,

752
00:39:36,280 --> 00:39:39,520
Speaker 1: you're right. Sleep is still this completely opaque thing. And

753
00:39:39,520 --> 00:39:42,120
Speaker 1: it's strange that while we know that not sleeping will

754
00:39:42,160 --> 00:39:45,120
Speaker 1: eventually kill you, we still don't understand why well, and

755
00:39:45,160 --> 00:39:48,560
Speaker 1: even beyond all the uncertain parts, just recognizing the things,

756
00:39:48,640 --> 00:39:51,680
Speaker 1: we are beginning to understand that sleep appears critical to

757
00:39:51,840 --> 00:39:54,919
Speaker 1: memory consolidation. All the stuff that we were talking about

758
00:39:54,960 --> 00:39:57,880
Speaker 1: before of how we run through these memories, you know,

759
00:39:58,000 --> 00:40:00,480
Speaker 1: so quickly in our brains is just fast and to me,

760
00:40:00,560 --> 00:40:03,160
Speaker 1: and the cleaning out of our brains, and it just

761
00:40:03,280 --> 00:40:06,279
Speaker 1: doesn't seem possible that anything in the coming decades will

762
00:40:06,320 --> 00:40:09,719
Speaker 1: be able to replicate these processes without sleep. I mean,

763
00:40:09,760 --> 00:40:12,239
Speaker 1: as the researchers from the University of Wisconsin study we

764
00:40:12,360 --> 00:40:15,480
Speaker 1: mentioned earlier said, sleep is the price people pay for

765
00:40:15,600 --> 00:40:18,520
Speaker 1: brains that are able to keep learning new things. I mean,

766
00:40:18,560 --> 00:40:21,640
Speaker 1: the brain is just such a crazy, complicated organ. So

767
00:40:21,680 --> 00:40:24,200
Speaker 1: while I'm disappointed that I won't be able to stop

768
00:40:24,560 --> 00:40:28,000
Speaker 1: sleeping anytime soon, I will admit I feel better knowing

769
00:40:28,120 --> 00:40:30,319
Speaker 1: just how much is going on when we're asleep. It

770
00:40:30,320 --> 00:40:32,520
Speaker 1: doesn't feel quite as much like a waste of time.

771
00:40:32,640 --> 00:40:35,360
Speaker 1: I'm so glad this part time Genius therapy session was

772
00:40:35,400 --> 00:40:37,799
Speaker 1: productive and thank you, thank you, But we're not done yet.

773
00:40:37,840 --> 00:40:44,839
Speaker 1: You know what time it is, the fact off, you bet,

774
00:40:44,920 --> 00:40:46,400
Speaker 1: it's that time of the show where we get to

775
00:40:46,400 --> 00:40:48,919
Speaker 1: throw out some of the crazy, fascinating things we learned

776
00:40:48,920 --> 00:40:51,719
Speaker 1: about sleep that we didn't get to mention yet. All right,

777
00:40:51,800 --> 00:40:55,040
Speaker 1: Mango you first, So I know we talked about Keith

778
00:40:55,160 --> 00:40:57,000
Speaker 1: Richards at the top of the show and his self

779
00:40:57,000 --> 00:40:59,840
Speaker 1: reported nine days of staying awake, But the record for

780
00:40:59,880 --> 00:41:03,560
Speaker 1: the longest period without sleep is eleven days even days,

781
00:41:03,680 --> 00:41:06,040
Speaker 1: I know, and it's set by a student in California

782
00:41:06,120 --> 00:41:09,640
Speaker 1: named Randy Gardner way back in nineteen sixty four. And

783
00:41:09,800 --> 00:41:12,520
Speaker 1: what's cool about it is that the local paper mentioned

784
00:41:12,520 --> 00:41:14,560
Speaker 1: he was going to try to set this record, and

785
00:41:14,600 --> 00:41:17,680
Speaker 1: when scientists at Stanford got wind of it, they documented it.

786
00:41:18,040 --> 00:41:20,799
Speaker 1: So there's all this documentation of Randy getting worse and

787
00:41:20,840 --> 00:41:23,560
Speaker 1: worse at math problems as he stayed up, and getting

788
00:41:23,600 --> 00:41:26,480
Speaker 1: increasingly paranoid and getting annoyed by the people who had

789
00:41:26,480 --> 00:41:29,440
Speaker 1: promised to help him stay up to this long. I mean,

790
00:41:29,600 --> 00:41:32,879
Speaker 1: eleven days is a long time. It's an insanely long time,

791
00:41:32,920 --> 00:41:36,600
Speaker 1: I know. And uh, somehow Randy pulled it off. Um

792
00:41:36,680 --> 00:41:38,800
Speaker 1: he was doing it for a science fair project, which

793
00:41:38,880 --> 00:41:41,120
Speaker 1: I don't even know if he won, but that part's

794
00:41:41,120 --> 00:41:43,080
Speaker 1: never mentioned. I love that this kid comes up with

795
00:41:43,120 --> 00:41:45,279
Speaker 1: the idea and rather than people around him being like,

796
00:41:45,400 --> 00:41:47,920
Speaker 1: it's a horrible idea to stay up for eleven days,

797
00:41:48,000 --> 00:41:51,400
Speaker 1: like Stanford people on the paper and everybody like, dude, it,

798
00:41:51,520 --> 00:41:54,279
Speaker 1: let's start do this. Yeah. I'm pretty sure I haven't

799
00:41:54,320 --> 00:41:57,080
Speaker 1: gone that long without a Snicker's bar, much less my sleep.

800
00:41:57,160 --> 00:42:00,000
Speaker 1: So al right, here's a fact. So in Finland they

801
00:42:00,000 --> 00:42:04,320
Speaker 1: celebrate National Sleepy Head Day on July. It's a tradition

802
00:42:04,320 --> 00:42:06,359
Speaker 1: that dates back to the Middle Ages actually, and the

803
00:42:06,400 --> 00:42:09,640
Speaker 1: ideas that the person sleeping the latest that day would

804
00:42:09,680 --> 00:42:12,200
Speaker 1: be the least productive member of the family that year.

805
00:42:12,600 --> 00:42:15,200
Speaker 1: So it was decided that whoever the last sleeper was

806
00:42:15,280 --> 00:42:17,439
Speaker 1: would be woken up by throwing them into a lake

807
00:42:17,560 --> 00:42:20,680
Speaker 1: or a sea, or just by throwing water upon them.

808
00:42:20,719 --> 00:42:23,920
Speaker 1: And it's particularly great because the townsfolk will throw local

809
00:42:23,960 --> 00:42:27,080
Speaker 1: politician into the water and everybody just gets behind it.

810
00:42:27,360 --> 00:42:30,200
Speaker 1: I like it. Um. So you know Doctor Spotted the

811
00:42:30,239 --> 00:42:32,839
Speaker 1: Child Psychologist in one of his early books, he has

812
00:42:32,880 --> 00:42:35,560
Speaker 1: this weird suggestion for making sure your toddler doesn't leave

813
00:42:35,600 --> 00:42:39,600
Speaker 1: their crib and basically advises getting a batman net, cutting

814
00:42:39,640 --> 00:42:42,799
Speaker 1: in half, sewing it so it's twice as tall, and

815
00:42:42,840 --> 00:42:46,760
Speaker 1: then wrapping it around the crib to form a baby cage. Everybody,

816
00:42:47,080 --> 00:42:49,120
Speaker 1: how crazy is that he had the bad ment net

817
00:42:49,160 --> 00:42:51,239
Speaker 1: is the weirdest part, Like why not a tennis net

818
00:42:51,320 --> 00:42:54,040
Speaker 1: or fifteen ping pong nets? So I don't know. All right,

819
00:42:54,040 --> 00:42:56,600
Speaker 1: here's another one. You're less likely to have an accident

820
00:42:56,640 --> 00:42:59,800
Speaker 1: in your car after daylight saving time ends, and evidence

821
00:43:00,040 --> 00:43:02,040
Speaker 1: it's to the extra hour of sleep as being the

822
00:43:02,080 --> 00:43:04,680
Speaker 1: main reason when you're tired your sense of smell shifts

823
00:43:04,680 --> 00:43:08,200
Speaker 1: into high gear, but only for food. So it's actually

824
00:43:08,200 --> 00:43:10,799
Speaker 1: why you can't control yourself around midnight feasts late at night.

825
00:43:10,960 --> 00:43:13,200
Speaker 1: Oh that's good, all right, all right, Well, people who

826
00:43:13,200 --> 00:43:16,160
Speaker 1: grew up with color television tend to dream in color,

827
00:43:16,640 --> 00:43:18,720
Speaker 1: but older people who grew up with black and white

828
00:43:18,719 --> 00:43:21,200
Speaker 1: TVs and movies, they actually are more likely to be

829
00:43:21,280 --> 00:43:25,759
Speaker 1: dreaming in black and white. I'm guessing millennial dreaming gifts exactly.

830
00:43:26,160 --> 00:43:28,279
Speaker 1: So I want to know what sea utters due to

831
00:43:28,280 --> 00:43:30,319
Speaker 1: prevent drifting away from each other when they go to sleep.

832
00:43:30,400 --> 00:43:33,839
Speaker 1: What's that they hold pause? Like sea otters actually hold

833
00:43:33,840 --> 00:43:36,120
Speaker 1: hands when they go to sleep. Come on, Mango, you

834
00:43:36,160 --> 00:43:38,840
Speaker 1: know I can't compete with a cute fact about sea otters.

835
00:43:38,840 --> 00:43:40,480
Speaker 1: And you were just toying with me when you threw

836
00:43:40,520 --> 00:43:45,120
Speaker 1: out that moderately interesting fact about badminton. All right, I'll

837
00:43:45,160 --> 00:43:47,239
Speaker 1: give it to you. Are this episode's winner of the

838
00:43:47,280 --> 00:43:49,920
Speaker 1: part time genius fact off. Thank you so much. I

839
00:43:49,920 --> 00:43:51,600
Speaker 1: have so many people to thank I want to start

840
00:43:51,600 --> 00:43:58,160
Speaker 1: with my agent, Bobby Manuals, my manager, all right the stage.

841
00:43:58,880 --> 00:44:00,719
Speaker 1: Thanks so much for listening to the episode of Part

842
00:44:00,719 --> 00:44:18,160
Speaker 1: Time Genius with Will and Mango Sweet Dreams. Thanks again

843
00:44:18,200 --> 00:44:20,400
Speaker 1: for listening to Part Time Genius. Be sure to subscribe

844
00:44:20,440 --> 00:44:22,600
Speaker 1: wherever you listen to your podcast, And because we're a

845
00:44:22,600 --> 00:44:25,000
Speaker 1: brand new show, if you're feeling extra generous, we'd love

846
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Speaker 1: it if you give us a rating on Apple Podcast.

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Speaker 1: Part Time Genius is produced by some of our favorite geniuses.

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Speaker 1: It's edited by Tristan McNeil, theme song and audio mixing

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Speaker 1: by Noel Brown. Our executive producer is Jerry Rowland. Our

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Speaker 1: research team is Gay Bluesier, Lucas Adams, Autumn Whitefield, me Toronto,

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Speaker 1: Austin Thompson, and Meg Robbins. Jason Hok is our chief

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Speaker 1: cheer leader.