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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know from House Stuff Works

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Speaker 1: dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark,

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Speaker 1: There's Charles W Chuck Bryant, there's Jerry over there, and

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Speaker 1: this is business Baby Stuff you Should Know on Impeachment. Yeah, guilty. Uh,

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Speaker 1: how how are you doing? First? Let's get the pleasant

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Speaker 1: treats out of the way. I'm doing well. And I

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Speaker 1: want to give a shout out at the head here

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Speaker 1: because just yesterday, in real time, I went over to

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Speaker 1: my in law's house for my grandmother in law's seven birthday.

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Speaker 1: Happy Birthday, Mary, Happy Birthday Mary. The lead general the

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Speaker 1: Stuff you Should Army, I don't know you're not on Facebook.

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Speaker 1: So every year I put a happy Birthday on the

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Speaker 1: Stuff you Should Know page and have every and chime

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Speaker 1: in from where they are because she literally sits there

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Speaker 1: and reads through like six comments from all over the

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Speaker 1: world and it is like one of the best things

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Speaker 1: that's real. It's really neat. So anyway, we're over there

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Speaker 1: in my my father in law, Steve, who is the

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Speaker 1: best dude, comes up to me and says, uh, how

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Speaker 1: about a show on impeachment? Yeah? And he you know,

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Speaker 1: he didn't recommend he knows better. He doesn't recommend shows topics,

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Speaker 1: and he went about one on impeachment. Went wow, Steve,

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Speaker 1: that's a great idea and said it is. Why haven't

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Speaker 1: we done that yet? Because it's uh relevant, as we

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Speaker 1: will see at the end of our show today, we'll

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Speaker 1: talk about kind of what's going on in today's terms.

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Speaker 1: And it's just a really weird, vaguely written, as it

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Speaker 1: turns out, strange act American st um. I'm'm not exactly

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Speaker 1: sure how they do it in other countries, but the

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Speaker 1: way we do it is weird. I think it's just

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Speaker 1: about as weird in other countries because it was adopted

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Speaker 1: either from the British or from the Americans, and we

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Speaker 1: adopted it from the British. Yeah, it seems to have

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Speaker 1: like been understood in Great Britain, but the framers of

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Speaker 1: the Constitution didn't bother to ask what anybody meant. They

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Speaker 1: just kind of borrowed it. So anyway, big shout out

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Speaker 1: to Steve. Alright, Steve, good idea for this idea. It's

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Speaker 1: the summer of Steve. It's winter, although he's from Ohio,

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Speaker 1: but now he's in Georgia, so it is like for

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Speaker 1: him for I'm sure. Alright, So Chuck, let's get down

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Speaker 1: to this. Let's get down to impeachment. Are we going

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Speaker 1: on the way back machine? Run off the bad here?

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Speaker 1: Do you want to go back to eight eight? You

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Speaker 1: want to start there? Well, you know I do. Okay,

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Speaker 1: let's get in the way back machine then, because you

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Speaker 1: know I loved me the Spring of eighteen sixty eight.

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Speaker 1: It was a good one. That's funny you say that.

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Speaker 1: There's this really great short story from the fifties or sixties.

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Speaker 1: I think it's it's like a horror short story called

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Speaker 1: the Vintage Season. It's about like these future travelers who,

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Speaker 1: like in in the future, you can travel through time

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Speaker 1: and find like the perfect spring or the perfect whatever.

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Speaker 1: It's it's pretty good. Check it out. Okay, all right,

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Speaker 1: well now let's get in the way back machine. Alright, okay,

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Speaker 1: so remember we're invisible. We can do anything. I know.

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Speaker 1: I just I just booped Edmond Ross on the nose. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I just took off my shoes and everyone's like, what's

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Speaker 1: that on my nose? And what's that in my nose? Right,

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Speaker 1: So there's this dude, that dude you just popped on

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Speaker 1: the nose Edmund Ross he's a senator actually, uh, and

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Speaker 1: he's kind of new his what is this? This is

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Speaker 1: May of eight, just the previous July. He was appointed

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Speaker 1: to his seat, um as the senator or the junior

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Speaker 1: Senator of Kansas. He had like some experience in newspapers

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Speaker 1: and that was his his jam, no real political experience.

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Speaker 1: And now all of the entire Senate is wondering, what

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Speaker 1: is this guy going to do? Um. There, we're right

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Speaker 1: in the middle of an impeachment trial, the actually the

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Speaker 1: impeachment hearing of President Andrew Johnson, who is the successor

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Speaker 1: of Abraham Lincoln. Right, that's right. And so by December,

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Speaker 1: after the assassination of Lincoln in April of sixty five, UM,

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Speaker 1: his own party was turning against him and saying, hey,

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Speaker 1: we want to get this guy out of here. So

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Speaker 1: let's we we haven't tried this impeachment thing on a

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Speaker 1: president yet, and we're kind of eager to. Yeah. And

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Speaker 1: you can make the case that he was kind of

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Speaker 1: set up the his own party to turning on totally

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Speaker 1: set up. But the but the Republicans hated him out

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Speaker 1: of the gate. The Republicans were the ones who were

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Speaker 1: pushing reconstruction and really wanted the South to pay for

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Speaker 1: succeeding and for the Civil War. UM and Johnson was

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Speaker 1: from Tennessee and wasn't having that. He vetoed a bill

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Speaker 1: that would have given like basic basic civil rights to

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Speaker 1: black Americans. He was against the Fourteenth Amendment. He decided

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Speaker 1: it should be up to the states to figure out

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Speaker 1: how they wanted to handle the post slavery laws, regardless

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Speaker 1: of what that what effect that had on on the

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Speaker 1: former slaves. So it wasn't very well liked by the

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Speaker 1: abolitionist Republicans, and they wanted to get rid of them.

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Speaker 1: And the way that they did was to set up

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Speaker 1: this new law which was patently unconstitutional, and it was

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Speaker 1: called the what was it called the you can't fire

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Speaker 1: that dude law? Why didn't Yeah, that's that's basically the

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Speaker 1: gist of it. Um. The Tenure Act, I believe, is

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Speaker 1: the Tenure of Office Act. So you know, when when

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Speaker 1: president comes in and they appoint like cabinet members or

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Speaker 1: you know, a Supreme Court judge or something. They can

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Speaker 1: pick the person, but the Senate has to either confirm

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Speaker 1: them or say no, not this one. Right, So the

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Speaker 1: Senate has confirmation powers and the President's ability to hire.

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Speaker 1: The Constitution even says it in there. The Constitution doesn't

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Speaker 1: say anything about firing those appointees. And so it had

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Speaker 1: long been that the president could fire whoever of their

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Speaker 1: appointees he wanted to write. So what the what the

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Speaker 1: radical Republicans did was pass a bill that said, you,

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Speaker 1: if you hire somebody, if you appoint somebody, we get

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Speaker 1: to confirm them. If you try to remove somebody, we

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Speaker 1: you we have to approve that as well. And again

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Speaker 1: it was just it just flew in the face of

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Speaker 1: the Constitution as we know it. And um, the right away,

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Speaker 1: Andrew Johnson fired his Secretary of War, Edwin Stanton, and um,

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Speaker 1: he was impeached right out, right out of the gate.

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Speaker 1: That reminds me. That reminds me of when earlier this

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Speaker 1: year when Jared Kushner was taking his first big tour

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Speaker 1: of the White House after the election. Remember when he

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Speaker 1: like met all the Obama employees and was like, oh, so, like,

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Speaker 1: how many of these people are gonna be staying on?

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Speaker 1: And they're like, nobody, this wasn't a corporate takeover. You

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Speaker 1: realize it's not how government works. He's like, oh yeah, sure,

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Speaker 1: well yeah, no, I didn't hear about that. It was

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Speaker 1: pretty funny, like like he just bought a company. He's like,

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Speaker 1: how many people are gonna be staying around? Oh yeah?

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Speaker 1: So um so now so, now Andrew Johnson is impeached.

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Speaker 1: He's he's broken a law that Congress had just passed,

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Speaker 1: and they've they've impeached him. So what's going on. Well,

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Speaker 1: here's the deal. At the time, they and you know,

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Speaker 1: it's kind of like this now to a certain degree,

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Speaker 1: but everybody knew how everyone was going to vote ahead

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Speaker 1: of time, um, except for him. So basically Ross right, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: basically everybody knew the outcome what the outcome was going

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Speaker 1: to be, except for Ross, meaning that he was the

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Speaker 1: deciding vote. Like it was that slim of a margin,

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Speaker 1: and so that's why he was so nervous. He was

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Speaker 1: he was just sitting there, apparently, just shredding this paper

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Speaker 1: up as they were going around the room, and everyone's

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Speaker 1: saying guilty or not guilty, because you need two thirds

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Speaker 1: of the Senate vote or a supermajority to to enact

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Speaker 1: this impeachment. So he was just sitting there and no

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Speaker 1: one knew what was gonna happen. He stood up, he

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Speaker 1: said he thought later on that he were facing death

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Speaker 1: and he said not guilty, and everyone side and this

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Speaker 1: article points out they don't know if it was a

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Speaker 1: side of relief or upset, probably both, depending on which

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Speaker 1: side of the aisle you're on. Yeah, the the whole

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Speaker 1: things recounted really well in this book called Impeached by

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Speaker 1: the historian David oh Stewart, um, which I think where

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Speaker 1: this guy got this, but he, um, he does a

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Speaker 1: good job like getting to the heart of the matter,

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Speaker 1: which was this guy Emmon Ross was from that moment

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Speaker 1: on celebrated as this hero, this constitutional hero, like he

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Speaker 1: stood up and said, you know what, I'm not going

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Speaker 1: to let the Constitution be railroaded because you guys don't

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Speaker 1: like Andrew Johnson. And he's been kind of honored as

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Speaker 1: that since then. I've read it a couple of articles

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Speaker 1: that are like, mm, actually he was just looking out

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Speaker 1: for himself. Johnson was his benefactor and um, he had

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Speaker 1: basically appointed him, and uh, he had a lot of

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Speaker 1: favoritism with him, and this new guy who would have

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Speaker 1: come in, I think Benjamin Ward would not have carried

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Speaker 1: on the same thing. But regardless, if you are a constitutionalist,

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Speaker 1: this guy is your hero. Because he did save the

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Speaker 1: constitution with that one vote. So what that what what

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Speaker 1: took place was an impeachment proceeding, and that one was

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Speaker 1: awfully close. That was the first impeachment proceeding of the

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Speaker 1: US president, but that would not be the last. There's

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Speaker 1: been three more or two more presidents, three total, yes,

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Speaker 1: that have have faced down the impeachment gun. Uh. And

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Speaker 1: there have been varying results. But as yet there's never

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Speaker 1: been a president that was successfully convicted once they've been impeached,

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Speaker 1: because impeachment is not convictions. A couple of different things.

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Speaker 1: You want to take a break and then get into it, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: because Uh, I don't want to confuse people right off

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Speaker 1: the bat here any more than we need to. I

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Speaker 1: think it's a little late for that. So we'll go

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Speaker 1: gather our thoughts. Take a little podcaster potty break. Be

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Speaker 1: back right after this. If you want to know, luck

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Speaker 1: just to chuck all right. Should we talk about French

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Speaker 1: and Latin real quick? Yes, because the roots of words

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Speaker 1: are always fun to talk about. The French word impatia

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Speaker 1: means to prevent, related to the English word impede, and

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Speaker 1: both originally derived from the Latin tern impedical man, your

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Speaker 1: friends is just so romantic, and that means to fedter.

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Speaker 1: So basically what impeachment root wise means is to put

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Speaker 1: a stop to movement of something. In this case, the

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Speaker 1: uh not always a president, as we'll see. Um any

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Speaker 1: um is it any elected official, any federal civil civil

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Speaker 1: officers what they finally landed on. But yeah, like a

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Speaker 1: federal official, somebody who is appointed by the president, the president,

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Speaker 1: the vice president, um, judges typically, but not senators or

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Speaker 1: congress people. They can just be run out of town

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Speaker 1: on a on a bail of Hey, there's the yeah.

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Speaker 1: They basically yeah, man, w you see that bail of

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Speaker 1: hay coming and you know that it tolls for the

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Speaker 1: you know the tars right behind it. That's a bad

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Speaker 1: day for you. Um alright, So the origins of impeachment

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Speaker 1: though pre United States. UM, so we're talking British legal

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Speaker 1: history here. There's a dude named T. F. T. Plunkett Plucknet. Interesting,

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Speaker 1: m hmm Plucknett. Uh he's in his Storian I guess so, uh,

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Speaker 1: I could have sworn it was Plunkett. So T. F. T.

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Speaker 1: Plucknett says that um fourteenth century Parliament was the first

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Speaker 1: time impeachment came about. And during that time there were

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Speaker 1: a couple of different cases over like an eleven year

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Speaker 1: period that had a pretty big shift from one to

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Speaker 1: the next that we kind of frame how impeachment works. Right.

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Speaker 1: So at the time, back then in the fourteenth century,

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Speaker 1: right the the king could appoint. They were all manner

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Speaker 1: of like positions that the king could appoint, and once

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Speaker 1: you were appointed by the king, that was it. You

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Speaker 1: only answered to the king. You could do anything you wanted,

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Speaker 1: and as long as you had the king's favor, there

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Speaker 1: was nothing anyone could do. So UM at one point,

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Speaker 1: and I'm not sure how they took it upon themselves,

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Speaker 1: but this article says that it grew out of a

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Speaker 1: trial of Roger Mortimer, who was convicted in um executed

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Speaker 1: for arranging the murder of King Edward the second, and

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Speaker 1: then a Chief Justice Willoughby, who was accused of corruption

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Speaker 1: and tried UM. These two guys were like high appointed

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Speaker 1: officials and they were removed from office, and the way

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Speaker 1: that they were removed was basically the parliament got involved.

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Speaker 1: So this idea of impeaching people grew out of the

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Speaker 1: notion that wait a minute, Parliament and specifically the House

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Speaker 1: of Commons, which is, if you take Parliament and Congress

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Speaker 1: in the United States, the House of Lords is like

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Speaker 1: the Senate, and the House of Commons is like the

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Speaker 1: House of Representatives, right. Um, the House of Commons were

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Speaker 1: the ones who would take it upon themselves to say

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Speaker 1: this person is bad and we're going to get rid

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Speaker 1: of them. We're going to act as their jury and

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Speaker 1: try them and remove them from their appointed position. And king,

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Speaker 1: there's nothing you can do about it, because we're the

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Speaker 1: ones who hold the purse strings, really, so you better

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Speaker 1: go along with this. And this idea of impeaching was huge.

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Speaker 1: It was revolutionary in Great Britain, and it was equally

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Speaker 1: revolutionary in in the founding of the United States too,

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Speaker 1: because if you'll remember, the United States was founded at

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Speaker 1: a time where Americans were very very wary of kings

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Speaker 1: pushing them around. And in the Constitution as this role,

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Speaker 1: this office of the Press that did see which is

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Speaker 1: a very strong executive ruler a king almost um. And

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Speaker 1: there's a legal scholar, Cass Sunstein, who wrote this great

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Speaker 1: article about all this about impeachment, and he says a

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Speaker 1: lot of historians agree that the Constitution probably wouldn't have

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Speaker 1: been ratified if these few words about impeachment hadn't been

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Speaker 1: added into the Constitution to give Americans the power to

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Speaker 1: remove a corrupt president from office. Yeah, I mean they

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Speaker 1: it was almost I mean, it ended up being very important,

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Speaker 1: but it was almost an afterthought and how they went

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Speaker 1: about it because up front they weren't saying, hey, we

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Speaker 1: need to really like make sure we include this impeachment

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Speaker 1: thing in here. They're worried about framing the US Constitution.

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Speaker 1: And then at the end Ben Franklin very famously said, hey,

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Speaker 1: you know, without impeachment, you know what, you know what,

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Speaker 1: the only other thing we can do is is, uh,

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Speaker 1: if we get a bad president is shoot him in

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Speaker 1: the head. And they went, oh, well that won't do

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Speaker 1: bully bully to that, So maybe we should we should

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Speaker 1: write something down. I know, we're all tired. We've been

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Speaker 1: working on this document for minutes. They had fatigue, and

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Speaker 1: they so they ended up saying over what hundred and

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Speaker 1: eighty words? I think it was actually less than I

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Speaker 1: don't know, really I came up with that. Yeah, alright,

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Speaker 1: well seven sentences. Now it's even less than that, really, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: good lord, I kind of four run on sentences two

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Speaker 1: of which included Colon's but that I mean, it's a sentence,

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Speaker 1: four sentences in a hundred and three words, says microsoft word.

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Speaker 1: Really Yeah, well they didn't have microsoft word back then,

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Speaker 1: so alright, So regardless of how long it was, it

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Speaker 1: was short, and it was here's the thing it was.

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Speaker 1: It was written in a very vague language, which ended

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Speaker 1: up being very troublesome because they weren't quite sure. I

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Speaker 1: think they didn't want to hem themselves in too much,

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Speaker 1: is my feeling on exactly what it would take to

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Speaker 1: to start this process. Like, uh so, initially they called it, uh,

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Speaker 1: it was it. George Mason called it um mal mal

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Speaker 1: administration in other words, just being a bad president. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and they took that out. There was a couple of

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Speaker 1: reasons why they said, no, this is a little it's

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Speaker 1: a little vague. But later constitutional scholars have interpreted the

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Speaker 1: fact that it was suggested and removed that the framers

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Speaker 1: of the Constitution didn't consider not being a very good

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Speaker 1: president as a reason to be removed from office. James

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Speaker 1: Imagine at the very least, said, this is just really

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Speaker 1: unclear as to what this couldn't even mean. Sure, so

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Speaker 1: maladministration comes out they hit upon and I'm not sure

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Speaker 1: if they hit upon it right out of the gate

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Speaker 1: or if it came later, but they hit upon bribery

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Speaker 1: and treason, which there's no issues with that. Everyone knows

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Speaker 1: what bribery is, everyone knows what treason is. It's pretty clear.

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Speaker 1: But they they're still like her saying no, this isn't

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Speaker 1: it's still not quite there. James Mason spoke up again.

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Speaker 1: He said, you can really screw with the democracy of

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Speaker 1: America even without taking bribes, even without committing a statutory

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Speaker 1: treason his act. So maybe we need to add something.

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Speaker 1: So that's when he came up with mal administration and said, no, no,

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Speaker 1: it's stupid. But then they came up with something else. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: he finally said, because again they didn't want to be

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Speaker 1: hinderen too much, but they also didn't want to be

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Speaker 1: so specific with just bribery and treason that that was

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Speaker 1: the only thing that you could use uh impeachment for.

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Speaker 1: So he finally said, alright, good god, it's late. What

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Speaker 1: about high crimes and misdemeanors and everyone, yeah, that's great. Well,

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Speaker 1: no one even knows what it means. It will be perfect.

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Speaker 1: What's funny is no one. No one now knows what

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Speaker 1: it means, but apparently it was quite clear what it

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Speaker 1: meant at the time. Yeah, it's supposedly high crime. Is.

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Speaker 1: It doesn't mean like, oh my god, that's that's such

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Speaker 1: a huge crime crime right, Yeah, they did grow hemp

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Speaker 1: by the way. Um, but the high crime or a

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Speaker 1: high misdemeanor is it's a type of crime that can

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Speaker 1: only be committed by a high person a k a.

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Speaker 1: An elected or federal official. That's it's still just a

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Speaker 1: crime or a misdemeanor. Like I think it's still vague,

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Speaker 1: so okay, So later later scholars have interpret high crimes

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Speaker 1: and misdemeanors. I mean, it's a it's a crime or

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Speaker 1: a misdemeanor that is carried out and can only be

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Speaker 1: carried out by somebody in an elected position. So it's

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Speaker 1: a betrayal of the public trust that an elected or

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Speaker 1: federal official is given. Okay, and that the crimes part

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Speaker 1: that throws people off. A high crime can be Um,

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Speaker 1: it doesn't have to be an actual crime, Okay, So

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Speaker 1: you can be impeached for a high crime that, if

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Speaker 1: you go and read the US Code, is not actually

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Speaker 1: a federal crime. You're not breaking the law, but you

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Speaker 1: could still be impeached for it even though it's not

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Speaker 1: an actual crime. And then conversely, an actual crime isn't

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Speaker 1: necessarily an impeachable offense. That what the framers were trying

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Speaker 1: to get at here was that the the president or

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Speaker 1: the vice president, whoever was being impeached, had betrayed the

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Speaker 1: public trust, had used their elected position, their high position,

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Speaker 1: in a way that was that rendered them unfit to

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Speaker 1: serve any longer. They could not be trusted any longer.

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Speaker 1: They had proven themselves a alleged a terrible person, and

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Speaker 1: had had discharged their duties as president in a in

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Speaker 1: a mallow malodorous way, said the guy who shoes her

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Speaker 1: off in Congress. That cleared the room man pretty quick.

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Speaker 1: It's like Elizabeth Warren taking the taking to the podium.

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Speaker 1: When she takes her shoes off, people clear out of there.

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Speaker 1: She's had like onions for lunch, that lady. You'll just

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Speaker 1: the whole onion raw? Have you ever seen it? It's amazing.

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Speaker 1: Where did I see that recently? A whole onion raw?

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Speaker 1: It's like a movie or something. Oh, I know what

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Speaker 1: it was. The movie that was the kid was hungover

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Speaker 1: and the parent comes in the next morning and they're

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Speaker 1: like here, like, eat this onion, trust me, And the

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Speaker 1: kid starts to eat the onion and they're like, just kidding.

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Speaker 1: I can't remember what movie it was. Back to the

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Speaker 1: Future too, Yeah, that was it, when Marty Marty's Hangover.

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Speaker 1: That was the full name Back the Future to Marty's

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Speaker 1: Hangover colon the onion. Um. So here's the deal though

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Speaker 1: with it's one of two things though, when it comes

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Speaker 1: to impeachment. It's either literally a crime, but it doesn't

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Speaker 1: have to be. And if it's not a crime literally,

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Speaker 1: then it's probably something political going on in that it is.

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Speaker 1: They feel that it is subverting the office of the president. Right,

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Speaker 1: that's the general interpretation. But again I mean like they

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Speaker 1: didn't say high crimes and demeanor or high crimes and

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Speaker 1: misdemeanors asterisks, right and then define that. So it's open

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Speaker 1: to interpretation and it still is today, which is why

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Speaker 1: unless you are a president or a vice president have

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Speaker 1: been actually caught, um, accepting bribes or committing treason, there's

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Speaker 1: a lot of wiggle room for you to get out

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Speaker 1: of this. Yeah, an impeachment doesn't send you to jail,

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Speaker 1: like you can then be tried for treason and that

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Speaker 1: would continue to jail. Yeah, it's specifically says in the

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Speaker 1: Constitution that this is strictly to remove the person from office,

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Speaker 1: possibly to prevent them from ever holding federal office again.

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Speaker 1: But that do you have to leave it to the

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Speaker 1: regular courts to um to try and punish them. If

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Speaker 1: it's an rual crime separately, that's different. But it's weird

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Speaker 1: because the impeachment processes will see is very much like

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Speaker 1: a uh trial, a kangaroo court trial. Basically, well, let's

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Speaker 1: go and talk about it, okay, So if you're impeached,

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Speaker 1: if you're a president and you do something that enough

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Speaker 1: people in the House of Representatives find unsavory, you may

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Speaker 1: find yourself facing impeachment. Usually that means the people in

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Speaker 1: the House of Representatives are representatives are in a different

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Speaker 1: political party than your own. Usually, yes, you would have

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Speaker 1: to be pretty bad for your own party to be

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Speaker 1: the ones who drew up the articles of impeachment to start, right,

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Speaker 1: So with the articles of impeachment, it can be introduced.

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Speaker 1: Typically these days, from what I understand, there's a judiciary

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Speaker 1: Judiciary committee in the House, and they will be responsible

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Speaker 1: for drumming up the articles of impeachment and then introducing

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Speaker 1: them to the House as a whole. But in individual

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Speaker 1: representative can come up with articles of impeachment himself for

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Speaker 1: herself and introduce it on the House flora to be

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Speaker 1: voted one way or another, which just happened actually at

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Speaker 1: the beginning of December. Um as a loan representative, Al

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Speaker 1: King I think from Texas introduced articles of impeachment and

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Speaker 1: it got voted down. So you can do it yourself.

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Speaker 1: Is just a just a loan dude or DoD s um.

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Speaker 1: But normally it's the Judiciary Committee, I think, because the

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Speaker 1: parties tend to try to keep a strangle hold on

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Speaker 1: stuff like that. And like even with this case, the

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Speaker 1: Democrats were like easy, easy, ol, like just settle down

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Speaker 1: where we're going to get there, but Al was like

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Speaker 1: I hate him so much too early, Al stand down,

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Speaker 1: so as Al stalks off. But the process continues apparently

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Speaker 1: under more normal circumstances. But he was a great example

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Speaker 1: that any any representative can introduce articles of impeachment, and

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Speaker 1: an article of impeachment Chuck is like presidents who have

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Speaker 1: been impeached have had I believe Johnson too, but definitely

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Speaker 1: Nixon and Clinton, UM and now Trump. He wasn't impeached,

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Speaker 1: but he's had articles of impeachment brought up against him,

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Speaker 1: which is a significant in and of itself, because what

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Speaker 1: it's saying is we are accusing this president of this crime,

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Speaker 1: and each crime or each betrayal of office, whatever you

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Speaker 1: want to call it, each high crime and misdemeanor or

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Speaker 1: each actual crime, it gets its own article of impeachment.

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Speaker 1: So very frequently and president will be impeached with multiple

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Speaker 1: articles of impeachment and the House is forced to vote

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Speaker 1: on each one. So so if you if you have

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Speaker 1: like five, that means there's five chances that that president

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Speaker 1: can be impeached depending on the evidence. And so each impeachment,

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Speaker 1: each article of impeachment is going to say, this is

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Speaker 1: what the president did. Here's all the evidence that backs

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Speaker 1: up us saying this, Um and House, what do you think?

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Speaker 1: Then the House will vote on it. That was Al Green,

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Speaker 1: by the way, not now King, his legendary soul singer,

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Speaker 1: Al Green. It was Al Green. It wasn't Al King.

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Speaker 1: His name is Al Green, Yeah, but it wasn't legendary

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Speaker 1: soul singer. Right. Um, So if the vote gets the majority,

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Speaker 1: then the president is officially impeached to that point, um,

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Speaker 1: which and it's just a simple majority, yeah, in the House,

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Speaker 1: and that means that basically, that means it's a it's

426
00:26:23,600 --> 00:26:26,399
Speaker 1: like a criminal indictment, um if we're gonna be comparing

427
00:26:26,400 --> 00:26:29,760
Speaker 1: it to like, you know, the civilian legal standard. So

428
00:26:30,240 --> 00:26:34,480
Speaker 1: you're officially accused of this wrongdoing, which could mean you

429
00:26:34,520 --> 00:26:37,480
Speaker 1: could be removed from office officially if the House is

430
00:26:37,560 --> 00:26:41,040
Speaker 1: voted with a simple majority. But it's not over because

431
00:26:41,119 --> 00:26:43,000
Speaker 1: then what happens is it moves over to the Senate.

432
00:26:43,600 --> 00:26:46,400
Speaker 1: And at that point that's where you need the two

433
00:26:46,440 --> 00:26:51,239
Speaker 1: thirds majority another to finish the prosecution. And here's the

434
00:26:51,240 --> 00:26:53,919
Speaker 1: thing is, they didn't, like I said, it was a

435
00:26:54,040 --> 00:26:58,639
Speaker 1: very kind of short um insert as far as how

436
00:26:58,680 --> 00:27:01,720
Speaker 1: to go about this. So there there aren't any like

437
00:27:01,800 --> 00:27:04,400
Speaker 1: hard and fast rules. So whenever this has happened, they're

438
00:27:04,440 --> 00:27:05,880
Speaker 1: kind of just like, all right, how do you want

439
00:27:05,880 --> 00:27:09,439
Speaker 1: to do this? Um, We're not gonna have prosecutors. We're

440
00:27:09,440 --> 00:27:12,120
Speaker 1: gonna have what we call managers, which is a weird

441
00:27:12,119 --> 00:27:15,720
Speaker 1: word for sure, but they're gonna act as prosecutors and

442
00:27:15,720 --> 00:27:19,320
Speaker 1: they're gonna be called to argue the case before the Senate.

443
00:27:19,800 --> 00:27:22,080
Speaker 1: And these are members of the House who are managing

444
00:27:22,119 --> 00:27:25,320
Speaker 1: the impeachment proceedings in the Senate on behalf of the House,

445
00:27:26,200 --> 00:27:28,720
Speaker 1: because the House has said, we the House, I think

446
00:27:28,800 --> 00:27:31,240
Speaker 1: this president should be removed, and now we're gonna send

447
00:27:31,240 --> 00:27:33,600
Speaker 1: some of our members to argue this case. Yes, and

448
00:27:33,600 --> 00:27:35,639
Speaker 1: the Senate is essentially the jury at this point in

449
00:27:35,680 --> 00:27:38,480
Speaker 1: the proceedings, right, But they're the jury, and they're also

450
00:27:38,520 --> 00:27:40,280
Speaker 1: the ones who are making up the rules. They're in

451
00:27:40,359 --> 00:27:43,119
Speaker 1: charge of that as well, which is very strange. It

452
00:27:43,320 --> 00:27:45,760
Speaker 1: is you want to hear something kind of fun. But

453
00:27:46,600 --> 00:27:52,640
Speaker 1: my uncle was a manager for Clinton's impeachment trial. No

454
00:27:52,880 --> 00:27:55,800
Speaker 1: Bob Bars your uncle. No, not Bob Barr. There there

455
00:27:55,800 --> 00:27:59,920
Speaker 1: are several managers. My uncle ed Bryan really yeah, talk

456
00:28:00,000 --> 00:28:03,840
Speaker 1: of before he was Republican congressman from Tennessee and he

457
00:28:03,960 --> 00:28:06,920
Speaker 1: was one of the managers because he was an attorney

458
00:28:07,000 --> 00:28:12,800
Speaker 1: and a former Army judge advocate general and judge Japoka general.

459
00:28:12,880 --> 00:28:15,600
Speaker 1: Is that what he was jack? Was he a jack?

460
00:28:16,240 --> 00:28:19,600
Speaker 1: But that's what it stands for. I can't remember now,

461
00:28:19,640 --> 00:28:22,399
Speaker 1: maybe I'm just thinking to the TV show. But he

462
00:28:22,400 --> 00:28:25,560
Speaker 1: held the legal position in the Army, uh and then

463
00:28:25,840 --> 00:28:29,760
Speaker 1: was well the Navy. I think are the Jags right? Oh,

464
00:28:29,800 --> 00:28:31,480
Speaker 1: I don't know. He was in the army though, okay,

465
00:28:32,040 --> 00:28:33,960
Speaker 1: but he was one of the managers in the in

466
00:28:34,000 --> 00:28:37,800
Speaker 1: the Clinton impeachment that is fascinating trial. And he and

467
00:28:37,840 --> 00:28:39,960
Speaker 1: I gotta say, like Uncle Ed and I are are

468
00:28:40,120 --> 00:28:44,840
Speaker 1: politically divergent. But he's a good dude and an honest,

469
00:28:45,040 --> 00:28:49,160
Speaker 1: like kind man. I can say that for sure. Uh

470
00:28:49,240 --> 00:28:51,240
Speaker 1: So I was always proud of him as a person,

471
00:28:51,680 --> 00:28:54,760
Speaker 1: even though he didn't like see I politically, but he was, Um,

472
00:28:54,800 --> 00:28:57,760
Speaker 1: he's such a good guy that Monica Lewinsky requested him

473
00:28:57,800 --> 00:29:02,400
Speaker 1: personally to depose her because he was just regarded as

474
00:29:02,480 --> 00:29:04,200
Speaker 1: like one of the good guys and one of the

475
00:29:04,240 --> 00:29:07,600
Speaker 1: like fair like decent humans. So he was the guy

476
00:29:07,640 --> 00:29:11,600
Speaker 1: who deposed Monica Lewinsky for the Clinton impeachment trial. My

477
00:29:11,640 --> 00:29:16,040
Speaker 1: father's brother. He needs a T shirt that says that man, right,

478
00:29:16,480 --> 00:29:19,720
Speaker 1: that's crazy and that wouldn't it wow? So how does

479
00:29:19,760 --> 00:29:23,640
Speaker 1: he feel about it? Because most, um, I shouldn't say most,

480
00:29:24,360 --> 00:29:28,960
Speaker 1: A significant number of legal scholars and historians look back

481
00:29:29,000 --> 00:29:31,880
Speaker 1: at that and the Andrew Johnson won and say those

482
00:29:32,040 --> 00:29:35,440
Speaker 1: impeachment proceedings never should have happened, never should have passed.

483
00:29:35,440 --> 00:29:38,560
Speaker 1: The House and that they were partisan proceedings. Yeah, I

484
00:29:38,560 --> 00:29:41,040
Speaker 1: don't know. You know, we're not super in touch anymore.

485
00:29:41,160 --> 00:29:43,640
Speaker 1: But now that I'm older, I would love to pick

486
00:29:43,680 --> 00:29:46,040
Speaker 1: his brain a little bit about this. Uh, and I'm

487
00:29:46,080 --> 00:29:50,560
Speaker 1: sure he would spill it, you know, conference me in Okay,

488
00:29:50,720 --> 00:29:53,080
Speaker 1: I like the next Christmas, I'll be like, yeah, uncle, Lettie,

489
00:29:53,160 --> 00:29:55,120
Speaker 1: just um, hold on a minute, I'm just gonna put

490
00:29:55,120 --> 00:29:57,640
Speaker 1: this phone down next to you, and don't pay attention

491
00:29:57,720 --> 00:30:01,400
Speaker 1: to that picture of Josh his avatar. I'll be like,

492
00:30:01,480 --> 00:30:05,200
Speaker 1: did you give my T shirt I sent you? Ah? Yeah,

493
00:30:05,360 --> 00:30:09,880
Speaker 1: pretty interesting, so I know. Right. So, at any rate,

494
00:30:09,920 --> 00:30:12,720
Speaker 1: the managers are they're arguing the case before the Senate,

495
00:30:12,760 --> 00:30:14,600
Speaker 1: who acts as jury that are also making up the

496
00:30:14,640 --> 00:30:18,520
Speaker 1: rules as they go. And uh, two thirds, like we

497
00:30:18,560 --> 00:30:20,360
Speaker 1: said a couple of times, you need that two thirds

498
00:30:20,400 --> 00:30:24,480
Speaker 1: Senate vote. And then at that point, if two thirds

499
00:30:24,560 --> 00:30:30,680
Speaker 1: vote guilty, then that's it man, the president you're done. Yeah,

500
00:30:30,680 --> 00:30:33,840
Speaker 1: and then the vice president takes over and um, that's that.

501
00:30:34,600 --> 00:30:37,920
Speaker 1: You probably can't hold a federal office again after that either,

502
00:30:37,960 --> 00:30:41,000
Speaker 1: although I don't think it's automatic. Right, So let's should

503
00:30:41,000 --> 00:30:44,360
Speaker 1: we take a break. Yeah, all right, let's take a

504
00:30:44,360 --> 00:30:47,000
Speaker 1: break and we'll talk about We've already talked about Johnson.

505
00:30:47,000 --> 00:30:49,920
Speaker 1: We'll talk a little bit more about Mr. Bill Clinton

506
00:30:50,560 --> 00:30:54,080
Speaker 1: and President Richard Milhouse Nixon. Right it for this If

507
00:30:54,120 --> 00:31:22,400
Speaker 1: you want to know Luck, just to Chuck, Okay, Chuck. Yes. So,

508
00:31:22,680 --> 00:31:25,240
Speaker 1: like you said, we talked about Johnson, he got off

509
00:31:25,680 --> 00:31:29,680
Speaker 1: by one vote. Man, that must have been so tense. Um.

510
00:31:29,760 --> 00:31:33,440
Speaker 1: And then up next was so president wise. We'll find

511
00:31:33,440 --> 00:31:35,480
Speaker 1: that there are plenty of other people who've been impeached,

512
00:31:35,840 --> 00:31:38,680
Speaker 1: but in the United States, president wise, the next president

513
00:31:38,760 --> 00:31:42,440
Speaker 1: was Richard Millhouse Nixon. Was a long break in between. Yeah,

514
00:31:42,480 --> 00:31:45,000
Speaker 1: over a hundred years, like a hundred and four years,

515
00:31:45,040 --> 00:31:48,560
Speaker 1: I think something like that. So Nixon is getting his

516
00:31:48,600 --> 00:31:53,040
Speaker 1: own episode. Were you're doing a Watergate episode hopefully in

517
00:31:53,080 --> 00:32:00,520
Speaker 1: the not too distant future. Such a fascinating case. So um. Well,

518
00:32:00,680 --> 00:32:05,040
Speaker 1: but the whole, the whole premise of what Nixon was

519
00:32:05,080 --> 00:32:08,960
Speaker 1: eventually moved out of office for what. He didn't actually

520
00:32:09,000 --> 00:32:12,280
Speaker 1: get impeached. He resigned, but he probably would have been

521
00:32:12,320 --> 00:32:15,200
Speaker 1: removed from office. He probably would have been impeached, He

522
00:32:15,240 --> 00:32:17,760
Speaker 1: probably would have been convicted, and he would have been removed.

523
00:32:17,800 --> 00:32:21,000
Speaker 1: But he didn't give him the satisfaction he resigned. But

524
00:32:21,200 --> 00:32:24,040
Speaker 1: he he went and this was just in a few weeks.

525
00:32:24,080 --> 00:32:29,600
Speaker 1: He won the election by an enormous margin. Um. The

526
00:32:29,680 --> 00:32:36,760
Speaker 1: electoral college vote was five twenty Nixon seventeen, McGovern seventeen,

527
00:32:36,920 --> 00:32:39,800
Speaker 1: five to seventeen. That's what that's the landslide that he

528
00:32:39,840 --> 00:32:42,880
Speaker 1: won re election with. And within a few weeks he

529
00:32:43,000 --> 00:32:45,360
Speaker 1: was he was out of office. And it was all

530
00:32:45,440 --> 00:32:48,280
Speaker 1: because of that Watergate break in. And it wasn't even

531
00:32:48,320 --> 00:32:50,720
Speaker 1: necessarily the break in, which was bad enough that like

532
00:32:50,840 --> 00:32:56,600
Speaker 1: some operatives from the White House broke into Democratic headquarters

533
00:32:56,640 --> 00:32:59,920
Speaker 1: in the Watergate hotel and we're caught trying to replace

534
00:33:00,120 --> 00:33:03,160
Speaker 1: the phone tap that they had on the phone um

535
00:33:03,320 --> 00:33:05,640
Speaker 1: and it turned out that it was traced back to

536
00:33:05,800 --> 00:33:08,760
Speaker 1: the to the White House. The president probably had involvement.

537
00:33:09,200 --> 00:33:12,560
Speaker 1: That's bad enough, but the cover up is what ultimately

538
00:33:12,640 --> 00:33:15,240
Speaker 1: led to Nixon being railroaded out of out of the

539
00:33:15,240 --> 00:33:19,520
Speaker 1: White House. Yeah, for sure, But like you said, the

540
00:33:19,560 --> 00:33:21,240
Speaker 1: writing was on the wall, and he said, well, you

541
00:33:21,280 --> 00:33:24,920
Speaker 1: know what, I quit, I resign, And everyone went, oh, man,

542
00:33:25,520 --> 00:33:28,560
Speaker 1: I know, we really wanted to impeach you. We brought

543
00:33:28,560 --> 00:33:31,480
Speaker 1: the bail of Hay and everything. I mean, I saw

544
00:33:31,800 --> 00:33:33,880
Speaker 1: all the presidents men again the other day for the

545
00:33:33,880 --> 00:33:39,400
Speaker 1: first Simon so great, so um so Nixon was He's

546
00:33:39,440 --> 00:33:42,560
Speaker 1: a pretty pretty instructive example as well. Like he had

547
00:33:42,640 --> 00:33:46,160
Speaker 1: multiple articles of impeachment against him. One was tax evasion

548
00:33:46,560 --> 00:33:49,280
Speaker 1: when he was president he failed to pay like four

549
00:33:49,720 --> 00:33:53,280
Speaker 1: grand and taxes, which is like two point six million today,

550
00:33:53,520 --> 00:33:56,920
Speaker 1: which that's a substantial amount of money. Plus he was

551
00:33:57,080 --> 00:34:00,959
Speaker 1: president when he failed to pay those taxes, so crazy.

552
00:34:00,720 --> 00:34:03,440
Speaker 1: He didn't get he again, he was never here. They

553
00:34:03,480 --> 00:34:05,160
Speaker 1: didn't get to the point where they voted on the

554
00:34:05,240 --> 00:34:08,360
Speaker 1: articles of impeachment. But that was one against the obstructing

555
00:34:08,480 --> 00:34:12,880
Speaker 1: justice was one. Using the office to um obstruct justice

556
00:34:12,920 --> 00:34:15,160
Speaker 1: was a big one. He had like a hand pick

557
00:34:15,239 --> 00:34:18,279
Speaker 1: c I a task force um that was trying to

558
00:34:18,360 --> 00:34:21,440
Speaker 1: keep the FBI from investigating Watergate. So he had a

559
00:34:21,440 --> 00:34:24,480
Speaker 1: lot of different articles of impeachment against him, and surely

560
00:34:24,520 --> 00:34:26,120
Speaker 1: one of them would have stuck and he would have

561
00:34:26,160 --> 00:34:30,239
Speaker 1: been removed. But then after Nixon that was two up

562
00:34:30,280 --> 00:34:34,080
Speaker 1: comes Clinton about twenty I think twenty six years later,

563
00:34:34,200 --> 00:34:40,400
Speaker 1: wasn't it. M M. I think yeah, okay, well depends

564
00:34:40,440 --> 00:34:43,680
Speaker 1: on you know, the whole the whole kitten caboodle was

565
00:34:43,719 --> 00:34:46,120
Speaker 1: over a couple of years for sure, right. So Clinton

566
00:34:46,239 --> 00:34:50,960
Speaker 1: was up next, Yes, and very famously he um. He

567
00:34:51,000 --> 00:34:55,000
Speaker 1: did not get impeached because he uh did bad things

568
00:34:55,000 --> 00:34:57,840
Speaker 1: in the White House with Monica Lewinsky. He was impeached

569
00:34:57,920 --> 00:35:02,080
Speaker 1: because he perjured himself, very famously said I did not

570
00:35:02,280 --> 00:35:06,200
Speaker 1: have sexual relations with that woman. Yeah, that was good,

571
00:35:06,520 --> 00:35:11,080
Speaker 1: did uncle. I'll bet uncle and Clinton to doubt it. Uh. Yeah,

572
00:35:11,120 --> 00:35:14,719
Speaker 1: I mean I remember in college, in uh actually just

573
00:35:14,760 --> 00:35:18,120
Speaker 1: post college, I remember Bill Clinton looking America in the

574
00:35:18,200 --> 00:35:23,000
Speaker 1: eye on television and lying to all of us. Very disappointing.

575
00:35:23,239 --> 00:35:26,719
Speaker 1: And he was a man in power who used that

576
00:35:26,800 --> 00:35:32,200
Speaker 1: power to Some people say, take advantage of a younger coworker.

577
00:35:33,120 --> 00:35:38,319
Speaker 1: Other people say, you know, it was consensual relationship. But

578
00:35:38,600 --> 00:35:40,840
Speaker 1: he was the president and she was a political junkie,

579
00:35:40,920 --> 00:35:45,120
Speaker 1: so sure. And he also was accused of trying to

580
00:35:45,160 --> 00:35:48,520
Speaker 1: get her too. She was a witness. Monica Lewinsky was

581
00:35:48,560 --> 00:35:51,680
Speaker 1: a witness in a sexual harassment case against him by

582
00:35:51,680 --> 00:35:55,279
Speaker 1: Paula Jones, and he was he was accused of trying

583
00:35:55,320 --> 00:35:58,080
Speaker 1: to get her to lie for him as a witness,

584
00:35:58,560 --> 00:36:04,800
Speaker 1: which is big time obstructing justice, especially if you're president. Um,

585
00:36:04,880 --> 00:36:06,520
Speaker 1: and so if you if you look at it in

586
00:36:06,560 --> 00:36:10,600
Speaker 1: that light. Was he having that relationship with Lewinsky to

587
00:36:10,719 --> 00:36:15,279
Speaker 1: influence her to lie to the jury, which makes it

588
00:36:15,520 --> 00:36:20,120
Speaker 1: doubly worse somehow tripoli or quadruple e worse. Even so,

589
00:36:20,200 --> 00:36:23,239
Speaker 1: there was, um, there were a lot of there was

590
00:36:23,239 --> 00:36:25,239
Speaker 1: a lot of beef against him. I mean, the stink

591
00:36:25,320 --> 00:36:30,440
Speaker 1: from that mess affected this most recent election, you know,

592
00:36:30,800 --> 00:36:33,160
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, yeah, for sure, definitely. I mean, like the

593
00:36:33,320 --> 00:36:37,760
Speaker 1: Clinton's have a pretty bad rep still from that among

594
00:36:37,920 --> 00:36:42,280
Speaker 1: certain parties, pretty pretty extensive parties, I would say, and earned,

595
00:36:42,520 --> 00:36:46,560
Speaker 1: you know. I mean I remember being very upset that

596
00:36:46,640 --> 00:36:49,560
Speaker 1: Bill Clinton lied to my face. Well that's not why

597
00:36:49,640 --> 00:36:53,560
Speaker 1: he was. Um, he didn't perjured to the American people.

598
00:36:53,600 --> 00:36:57,399
Speaker 1: He he lied to a grand jury as well under oath.

599
00:36:57,560 --> 00:36:58,920
Speaker 1: Oh yeah, but he said the same thing to the

600
00:36:58,920 --> 00:37:02,160
Speaker 1: grand juries. He said our faces. But I remember feeling

601
00:37:02,280 --> 00:37:06,719
Speaker 1: especially let down because he looked me in the eye,

602
00:37:06,760 --> 00:37:09,680
Speaker 1: you know, like when the president is facing camera and

603
00:37:09,760 --> 00:37:13,279
Speaker 1: says something very seriously like that, Uh, they're talking to you,

604
00:37:13,400 --> 00:37:17,080
Speaker 1: They're talking to their constituents like it's a personal relationship.

605
00:37:17,600 --> 00:37:22,040
Speaker 1: I remember being just really upset about the whole thing. Well, okay,

606
00:37:23,120 --> 00:37:25,759
Speaker 1: I didn't I don't think I felt quite like that.

607
00:37:26,200 --> 00:37:30,080
Speaker 1: Really yeah, I just assumed he I just assumed he

608
00:37:30,160 --> 00:37:34,160
Speaker 1: was lying. Really yeah, he's president, man, I believed him.

609
00:37:34,200 --> 00:37:36,879
Speaker 1: I was. I was much more naive in my younger days. Well,

610
00:37:36,920 --> 00:37:41,160
Speaker 1: I think it's sweet Chuck. Yeah, that's slick Willy always

611
00:37:41,200 --> 00:37:44,399
Speaker 1: with the smooth talk. That's right, Tricky Dick and slick Willy.

612
00:37:44,840 --> 00:37:47,839
Speaker 1: You need to stop electing people with those nicknames. Right now,

613
00:37:47,960 --> 00:37:51,799
Speaker 1: we're just asking what about what about honorable Frank Why

614
00:37:51,800 --> 00:37:57,000
Speaker 1: did he ever get elected? He doesn't have any campaign money. So, okay,

615
00:37:57,080 --> 00:38:04,799
Speaker 1: so Clinton escaped fit at the vote was fifty fifty. Um. Yeah, yeah,

616
00:38:04,840 --> 00:38:07,920
Speaker 1: so he was actually impeached like Andrew Johnson was, and

617
00:38:07,960 --> 00:38:09,960
Speaker 1: they did it did come up to vote, the articles

618
00:38:09,960 --> 00:38:12,160
Speaker 1: of impeachment came up to vote, and they were It

619
00:38:12,200 --> 00:38:15,640
Speaker 1: was fifty fifty, which was pretty close to party lines. Um.

620
00:38:15,680 --> 00:38:22,840
Speaker 1: I think five Republicans five Democrats voted for impeachment and

621
00:38:22,960 --> 00:38:25,560
Speaker 1: ten Republicans voted against. Like I can't remember, but it

622
00:38:25,600 --> 00:38:28,280
Speaker 1: was very close to party law. Was ten Republicans voted

623
00:38:28,280 --> 00:38:33,320
Speaker 1: for acquittal. Um. Two of which are still there. Susan

624
00:38:33,360 --> 00:38:36,920
Speaker 1: Collins of Maine. She was a brand new either freshman

625
00:38:37,000 --> 00:38:42,120
Speaker 1: or sophomore. And Richard Shelby of Alabama. Wow, is still there.

626
00:38:42,960 --> 00:38:48,080
Speaker 1: So they voted against acquittal, they voted, they voted against impeachment,

627
00:38:48,120 --> 00:38:52,160
Speaker 1: I should say, yeah, yeah, they were Republicans. So, uh

628
00:38:52,360 --> 00:38:54,680
Speaker 1: so Clinton Clinton made it out and I was reading this,

629
00:38:54,920 --> 00:38:59,520
Speaker 1: there's this really fascinating five thirty eight blog about UM.

630
00:38:59,560 --> 00:39:04,239
Speaker 1: I think it's called will Trump be Impeached? And it's

631
00:39:04,360 --> 00:39:06,279
Speaker 1: you know, it's five thirty eight. So they've got all

632
00:39:06,280 --> 00:39:08,640
Speaker 1: this data and everything to back up what they're saying.

633
00:39:09,320 --> 00:39:11,960
Speaker 1: So they were saying one of the one of the

634
00:39:12,040 --> 00:39:15,600
Speaker 1: sure signs that uh, an impeachment's probably not going to

635
00:39:15,680 --> 00:39:20,600
Speaker 1: go through is like how divided the parties are. If

636
00:39:20,640 --> 00:39:25,440
Speaker 1: the parties are are um within themselves, no no between

637
00:39:25,480 --> 00:39:28,000
Speaker 1: the two, Like, if you're probably going to have a

638
00:39:28,040 --> 00:39:31,799
Speaker 1: party line vote, it's probably people. Probably people aren't gonna

639
00:39:31,840 --> 00:39:34,840
Speaker 1: defect enough to actually vote for impeachment, or if they do,

640
00:39:34,880 --> 00:39:38,959
Speaker 1: they're not gonna defect enough to vote for um for

641
00:39:39,040 --> 00:39:42,719
Speaker 1: conviction in the Senate. Right, And that was the case

642
00:39:42,719 --> 00:39:45,600
Speaker 1: of Clinton, right right, right, But today it would take

643
00:39:46,320 --> 00:39:52,400
Speaker 1: Republican senators to say to get together and say, hey,

644
00:39:53,120 --> 00:39:54,919
Speaker 1: maybe even get this guy out of here and get

645
00:39:55,160 --> 00:39:59,279
Speaker 1: pens in there, and like and commit uh you know,

646
00:39:59,320 --> 00:40:04,720
Speaker 1: what's it called on ship mutiny? Commit mutiny? Yeah, it almost.

647
00:40:04,719 --> 00:40:07,200
Speaker 1: I mean, with the introduction of Pen's out of nowhere,

648
00:40:07,200 --> 00:40:10,400
Speaker 1: it definitely seemed like that was plan B from the

649
00:40:10,440 --> 00:40:13,920
Speaker 1: party all along. I would not be at all surprised

650
00:40:13,960 --> 00:40:16,000
Speaker 1: if that actually happened. I don't think very many people

651
00:40:16,040 --> 00:40:19,080
Speaker 1: would be surprised if that happened. But I saw that

652
00:40:19,280 --> 00:40:22,160
Speaker 1: in that same five thirty eight blog there's um like

653
00:40:22,200 --> 00:40:26,480
Speaker 1: a betting odds website that they cited that that gave

654
00:40:27,080 --> 00:40:30,920
Speaker 1: like even odds that Trump would um would not finish

655
00:40:30,960 --> 00:40:35,239
Speaker 1: out his full four year term, which is that's pretty significant,

656
00:40:35,320 --> 00:40:41,040
Speaker 1: you know, fifty chance, that's crazy. Yeah. My call from

657
00:40:41,040 --> 00:40:42,920
Speaker 1: the beginning was that he would not finish out his

658
00:40:42,920 --> 00:40:47,000
Speaker 1: four year term because he would resign. He would not

659
00:40:47,080 --> 00:40:49,879
Speaker 1: allow himself to be impeached. I don't think so either,

660
00:40:50,080 --> 00:40:52,319
Speaker 1: is that he would resign and claim to be a

661
00:40:52,400 --> 00:40:57,120
Speaker 1: victim of the political system and basically say I told

662
00:40:57,160 --> 00:41:01,200
Speaker 1: you all along it was the swamp. I couldn't drain it.

663
00:41:01,280 --> 00:41:05,920
Speaker 1: Now I'm a victim of it. Man. So p T.

664
00:41:06,120 --> 00:41:14,480
Speaker 1: Barnum played by Hugh Jackman, Hugh Jackman from Subway And

665
00:41:14,520 --> 00:41:16,879
Speaker 1: then now this one if this goes through, just call

666
00:41:16,960 --> 00:41:21,239
Speaker 1: me nostro Chukas from now on. Oh man, it's not fat.

667
00:41:21,800 --> 00:41:25,680
Speaker 1: So there's I have two T shirts. Uh, there's a

668
00:41:25,840 --> 00:41:29,120
Speaker 1: very um interesting And the reason I said that this

669
00:41:29,160 --> 00:41:32,160
Speaker 1: is right after he got elected was because I was like,

670
00:41:32,239 --> 00:41:34,239
Speaker 1: I don't think he really wants to be president for

671
00:41:34,280 --> 00:41:38,080
Speaker 1: four years. I read that in multiple places that he's

672
00:41:38,120 --> 00:41:42,359
Speaker 1: not He doesn't actually enjoy the actual presidency. Yeah, and

673
00:41:42,360 --> 00:41:45,120
Speaker 1: and from what I've heard, he gets very bored with

674
00:41:45,280 --> 00:41:47,719
Speaker 1: doing the same thing and politics is certainly not the

675
00:41:47,719 --> 00:41:49,960
Speaker 1: way he's used to doing business. And like, I was

676
00:41:50,000 --> 00:41:51,440
Speaker 1: just like, man, the guy's gonna get tired of this

677
00:41:51,480 --> 00:41:53,440
Speaker 1: after a couple of years and just want to go

678
00:41:53,480 --> 00:41:58,400
Speaker 1: back to his kushy civilian life. Uh, and then be

679
00:41:58,480 --> 00:42:01,400
Speaker 1: a be a martyr political and say, yeah, I couldn't

680
00:42:01,440 --> 00:42:03,000
Speaker 1: do what I wanted to do, so I'm a victim.

681
00:42:03,280 --> 00:42:09,120
Speaker 1: M So that's ducks. You heard it here first. So

682
00:42:09,120 --> 00:42:12,520
Speaker 1: so if so, Trump hasn't been impeached it, but they

683
00:42:12,640 --> 00:42:15,239
Speaker 1: they've already brought it up. It sounds like, although it

684
00:42:15,360 --> 00:42:19,279
Speaker 1: kind of waxed and waned in early December, all of

685
00:42:19,320 --> 00:42:23,799
Speaker 1: the especially the left leaning um news outlets, were like impeachment.

686
00:42:23,920 --> 00:42:26,520
Speaker 1: People are actually talking about impeachment. It is probably gonna

687
00:42:26,520 --> 00:42:29,120
Speaker 1: happen now, and then if you look like a week later,

688
00:42:29,200 --> 00:42:32,040
Speaker 1: all of those articles are gone. They just moved on

689
00:42:32,040 --> 00:42:35,400
Speaker 1: to something else, right, which is pretty ridiculous, But the

690
00:42:35,520 --> 00:42:39,799
Speaker 1: status quo these days, so, um, who knows what's gonna

691
00:42:39,840 --> 00:42:43,839
Speaker 1: happen with Trump, But the chances of him actually being

692
00:42:43,960 --> 00:42:49,439
Speaker 1: impeached and convicted are extraordinarily low because he's president. Right.

693
00:42:49,640 --> 00:42:52,840
Speaker 1: That's just such an enormous thing to remove a president

694
00:42:52,880 --> 00:42:56,000
Speaker 1: from office. What's not quite as enormous is to remove

695
00:42:56,000 --> 00:42:58,680
Speaker 1: a federal judge, which is why out of the sixty

696
00:42:58,840 --> 00:43:02,400
Speaker 1: people in the Ied States who have ever been impeached,

697
00:43:02,440 --> 00:43:06,200
Speaker 1: I think it's even more than sixty, um and convicted,

698
00:43:07,040 --> 00:43:10,080
Speaker 1: which is down to fifteen, all of those I believe

699
00:43:10,120 --> 00:43:17,279
Speaker 1: were federal judges. Correct, Um, they were you know, you

700
00:43:17,360 --> 00:43:20,520
Speaker 1: name it. They were d u I drunks or drunk

701
00:43:20,560 --> 00:43:26,160
Speaker 1: in court, or tax evaders or accepted bribes or perjuring themselves.

702
00:43:26,719 --> 00:43:30,400
Speaker 1: Like yeah, federal judges have have sort of carried the

703
00:43:30,440 --> 00:43:33,640
Speaker 1: mantle for impeachment, you know. Yeah, and in a really

704
00:43:33,680 --> 00:43:37,160
Speaker 1: weird way they are laying their impeachment trials have laid

705
00:43:37,200 --> 00:43:41,759
Speaker 1: the groundwork for the big ones that you see. Yeah,

706
00:43:41,840 --> 00:43:43,640
Speaker 1: I'm sure if you asked your uncle he would tell

707
00:43:43,640 --> 00:43:45,680
Speaker 1: you that. Yeah. They went back and looked at impeachment

708
00:43:45,719 --> 00:43:48,600
Speaker 1: trials for federal judges to see, you know, what procedures

709
00:43:48,600 --> 00:43:52,840
Speaker 1: were used and followed and what the rules were. So these,

710
00:43:52,840 --> 00:43:56,040
Speaker 1: the impeachment of federal judges who were drunk on the bench,

711
00:43:56,480 --> 00:43:59,880
Speaker 1: are paving the groundwork for for presidents to be in

712
00:44:00,080 --> 00:44:03,120
Speaker 1: peached with you know, impeached by um. And then there

713
00:44:03,160 --> 00:44:07,840
Speaker 1: was a Senator, William Blunt from North Carolina. He was

714
00:44:07,880 --> 00:44:10,720
Speaker 1: the only Senator to ever be impeached, and his trial

715
00:44:10,800 --> 00:44:15,920
Speaker 1: actually established that senators and representatives couldn't be impeached. They

716
00:44:15,920 --> 00:44:20,600
Speaker 1: were immune to impeachment because they weren't civil officers. That instead,

717
00:44:21,440 --> 00:44:24,840
Speaker 1: their own party could run them or their own body.

718
00:44:24,920 --> 00:44:27,520
Speaker 1: I'm sorry. So, if you were a senator, two thirds

719
00:44:27,560 --> 00:44:29,520
Speaker 1: of the Senate could vote for you to get out

720
00:44:29,520 --> 00:44:32,239
Speaker 1: of the Senate. If you were a representative, two thirds

721
00:44:32,280 --> 00:44:33,960
Speaker 1: of the House could vote for you to get out

722
00:44:33,960 --> 00:44:35,880
Speaker 1: of the House. And that's what they did to Blunt.

723
00:44:35,880 --> 00:44:37,600
Speaker 1: They said, we can't impeach you, but we can use

724
00:44:37,600 --> 00:44:40,600
Speaker 1: this other thing. And and it's basically like a vote

725
00:44:40,640 --> 00:44:45,759
Speaker 1: of no confidence, which also comes from Parliament as well. Interesting. Yeah, uh,

726
00:44:45,880 --> 00:44:48,520
Speaker 1: well this week in real time, this will already have

727
00:44:48,600 --> 00:44:51,360
Speaker 1: happened by the time this is released. But I think

728
00:44:51,760 --> 00:44:57,280
Speaker 1: tomorrow there is a special election within the Democratic Party

729
00:44:57,960 --> 00:45:00,399
Speaker 1: on who will be the top Democrat on the House

730
00:45:00,520 --> 00:45:03,480
Speaker 1: Judiciary Committee. Uh, this is gonna happen in the midterms.

731
00:45:03,480 --> 00:45:09,560
Speaker 1: But when Democratic Representative John Conyers stepped down over sexual

732
00:45:09,560 --> 00:45:13,839
Speaker 1: harassment allegations a couple of weeks ago, um, they had

733
00:45:13,840 --> 00:45:16,759
Speaker 1: to hold a special caucus for an election. It's gonna

734
00:45:16,800 --> 00:45:19,920
Speaker 1: happen tomorrow. And it looks like two people, either Jerry

735
00:45:20,000 --> 00:45:24,600
Speaker 1: Nadler of New York or Zoe Lofgren of California, are

736
00:45:24,640 --> 00:45:27,520
Speaker 1: the top two competing for this top spot. And they're

737
00:45:27,520 --> 00:45:31,200
Speaker 1: both well aware that, um what that means. Uh. In

738
00:45:31,239 --> 00:45:33,280
Speaker 1: this article here, it's called the battle to lead Trump's

739
00:45:33,280 --> 00:45:37,160
Speaker 1: potential impeachment. Um, they know what they're It says they're

740
00:45:37,160 --> 00:45:42,400
Speaker 1: signing up to be Trump's chief antagonist. But they also said, hey, listen,

741
00:45:44,800 --> 00:45:48,160
Speaker 1: we're not gonna go in there and just start saying impeachment, impeachment.

742
00:45:48,239 --> 00:45:51,759
Speaker 1: Like if this is ever going to happen, it's got

743
00:45:51,760 --> 00:45:54,120
Speaker 1: to be the will. We have to feel like it's

744
00:45:54,200 --> 00:45:56,880
Speaker 1: the will of the American people, Like we have to

745
00:45:57,000 --> 00:46:00,560
Speaker 1: feel like there are enough Trump supporter is out there

746
00:46:01,360 --> 00:46:05,000
Speaker 1: that have turned on him because of something he's done. Well, yeah,

747
00:46:05,560 --> 00:46:07,879
Speaker 1: it'll it'll be like what you said, where it's it's

748
00:46:08,000 --> 00:46:10,520
Speaker 1: you've just proven everything the guy has said from the

749
00:46:10,560 --> 00:46:15,360
Speaker 1: moment he started campaigning him from the beginning, and that

750
00:46:15,440 --> 00:46:17,480
Speaker 1: the elites have it so rigged that even if you

751
00:46:17,520 --> 00:46:19,640
Speaker 1: do win, they'll just get rid of you. Yeah, I

752
00:46:19,680 --> 00:46:21,920
Speaker 1: mean one of them they Nadler even said there's not

753
00:46:21,960 --> 00:46:24,319
Speaker 1: some there's not much point in impeaching and president and

754
00:46:24,360 --> 00:46:26,640
Speaker 1: having him acquitted in the Senate because that's what happened

755
00:46:26,640 --> 00:46:29,759
Speaker 1: with Clinton. And like you said, even Republicans largely look

756
00:46:29,800 --> 00:46:32,200
Speaker 1: back and say, of course that was just a big

757
00:46:32,280 --> 00:46:35,000
Speaker 1: distracting waste of time. Yeah, that's I mean, that's what

758
00:46:35,040 --> 00:46:38,120
Speaker 1: I've read as well, is that they it's not looked

759
00:46:38,200 --> 00:46:43,720
Speaker 1: upon as the finest moment in legal American legal history. Yeah,

760
00:46:43,760 --> 00:46:45,799
Speaker 1: so what we'll know the outcome tomorrow in real time.

761
00:46:45,840 --> 00:46:47,520
Speaker 1: And and both of them they are kind of on

762
00:46:47,560 --> 00:46:49,560
Speaker 1: the same page as as far as that goes there,

763
00:46:49,560 --> 00:46:52,920
Speaker 1: like we need it needs to be something like legit

764
00:46:53,040 --> 00:46:56,200
Speaker 1: worth impeaching and president for that most of the American

765
00:46:56,239 --> 00:46:59,200
Speaker 1: people would agree with. We're not just out to get him,

766
00:46:59,280 --> 00:47:01,239
Speaker 1: but if he does something, we're out to get him.

767
00:47:01,680 --> 00:47:05,840
Speaker 1: Or if we find something that he's already done. Yeah exactly. Yeah,

768
00:47:06,200 --> 00:47:08,560
Speaker 1: So well there you have it. Yeah, if it turns

769
00:47:08,560 --> 00:47:13,520
Speaker 1: out that he um did obstruct anything, that that would

770
00:47:13,560 --> 00:47:17,960
Speaker 1: be a big deal to the Two of the three

771
00:47:18,400 --> 00:47:22,560
Speaker 1: presidents who have been impeached were had at least articles

772
00:47:22,920 --> 00:47:27,759
Speaker 1: impeachment that included obstruction against them. Yeah, but his his

773
00:47:27,840 --> 00:47:32,520
Speaker 1: attorneys are saying, have literally said the president can't be

774
00:47:32,520 --> 00:47:36,120
Speaker 1: guilty of obstruction of justice because they are justice. That's

775
00:47:36,239 --> 00:47:39,560
Speaker 1: the most ridiculous legal interpretation I've ever heard in my life.

776
00:47:41,440 --> 00:47:44,960
Speaker 1: I'm going to go on record as saying that they're

777
00:47:44,960 --> 00:47:49,400
Speaker 1: saying they're above the law. I I am the law.

778
00:47:49,440 --> 00:47:52,000
Speaker 1: That's what it says. How can I obstruct the law?

779
00:47:52,160 --> 00:47:56,840
Speaker 1: I'm the law? A crush At any rate, we should

780
00:47:56,840 --> 00:47:59,640
Speaker 1: probably stop now, all right, Well, if you want to

781
00:47:59,640 --> 00:48:03,160
Speaker 1: know more about impeachment, uh, you can type that word

782
00:48:03,239 --> 00:48:07,799
Speaker 1: into the internet and some really interesting stuff. I Mean

783
00:48:07,840 --> 00:48:10,520
Speaker 1: a lot of it is bone dry, but it's like

784
00:48:10,560 --> 00:48:14,040
Speaker 1: people are really into like the legal history and um

785
00:48:14,160 --> 00:48:18,120
Speaker 1: constitutional interpretation. So you can find some pretty interesting articles

786
00:48:18,120 --> 00:48:21,080
Speaker 1: all around the internet on stuff like this. So just

787
00:48:21,239 --> 00:48:23,000
Speaker 1: give it a shot, see if it's if it's up

788
00:48:23,040 --> 00:48:26,239
Speaker 1: your alley. Yeah, and at the very least, if this

789
00:48:26,440 --> 00:48:28,640
Speaker 1: does happen to play out over the next couple of years,

790
00:48:28,680 --> 00:48:30,520
Speaker 1: you know, it's good to know how it all works.

791
00:48:30,560 --> 00:48:34,439
Speaker 1: You know exactly exactly you can I press your friends. Yeah,

792
00:48:34,680 --> 00:48:36,560
Speaker 1: it could be like they're they're never going to get

793
00:48:36,600 --> 00:48:39,040
Speaker 1: a supermajority and your friends will be like, what did

794
00:48:39,080 --> 00:48:42,440
Speaker 1: you just say? What magic word was? What does this

795
00:48:42,480 --> 00:48:46,719
Speaker 1: have to do with comic books? So, since Chuck said

796
00:48:46,760 --> 00:48:51,840
Speaker 1: comic books, it's time for listener mail. Uh, this is

797
00:48:51,880 --> 00:48:55,120
Speaker 1: follow up on cakes. Hey guys, listen episode on cakes

798
00:48:55,120 --> 00:48:56,600
Speaker 1: so that you might like you might like to know

799
00:48:56,640 --> 00:48:58,600
Speaker 1: a little bit more about the color of red velvet

800
00:48:58,600 --> 00:49:03,160
Speaker 1: cakes and experi arians amateur baker who's tested several several

801
00:49:03,200 --> 00:49:06,759
Speaker 1: red velvet recipes learned it will now mails some down

802
00:49:06,760 --> 00:49:09,560
Speaker 1: to Johnson Chalk. That's right. It's true that red velvet

803
00:49:09,640 --> 00:49:11,680
Speaker 1: cake originally got their color from the chemical reaction of

804
00:49:11,719 --> 00:49:14,240
Speaker 1: the cocoa, vinegar and buttermilk. That is no longer the case.

805
00:49:14,600 --> 00:49:17,440
Speaker 1: The way cocoa's process has changed since the recipe was invented,

806
00:49:17,840 --> 00:49:20,080
Speaker 1: So if you rely on the chemical reaction for the color,

807
00:49:20,280 --> 00:49:23,160
Speaker 1: you will be sorely disappointed. Your cake will simply be brown,

808
00:49:23,600 --> 00:49:25,520
Speaker 1: but it will be nothing like the red we have

809
00:49:26,000 --> 00:49:30,000
Speaker 1: come to expect from red velvet cakes. Originally, red velvet

810
00:49:30,000 --> 00:49:32,120
Speaker 1: cakes from more of a rust color than the bright

811
00:49:32,160 --> 00:49:35,239
Speaker 1: red we think of now. The cacao in the cake

812
00:49:36,080 --> 00:49:42,120
Speaker 1: cocoa that the two on the cake also as minimal

813
00:49:42,120 --> 00:49:45,040
Speaker 1: in comparison to a chocolate cake. Cocoa was originally added

814
00:49:45,040 --> 00:49:48,600
Speaker 1: to cut the flour create a silky or less glutinous texture,

815
00:49:49,160 --> 00:49:52,680
Speaker 1: rather than create a chocolate cake. Velvet cakes using vinegar,

816
00:49:53,120 --> 00:49:55,839
Speaker 1: I guess that's where the velvet comes from. Uh. Using

817
00:49:55,920 --> 00:49:57,480
Speaker 1: vinegar is a rising agent have a long has a

818
00:49:57,520 --> 00:50:00,400
Speaker 1: long tradition in American baking, and it is not deserved

819
00:50:00,440 --> 00:50:04,120
Speaker 1: only for red velvet cakes. Also, you mentioned banana bread

820
00:50:04,120 --> 00:50:06,680
Speaker 1: with some confusion over age musty bananas, and a lot

821
00:50:06,680 --> 00:50:08,760
Speaker 1: of people wrote in about this. I'm just a dummy.

822
00:50:08,760 --> 00:50:11,560
Speaker 1: I didn't get it. Bananas are softer, it cuts back

823
00:50:11,600 --> 00:50:14,640
Speaker 1: on the work of the baker. Also, banana is naturally

824
00:50:14,640 --> 00:50:17,479
Speaker 1: sweetened as they ripe yeah, I didn't think about that either,

825
00:50:18,040 --> 00:50:21,279
Speaker 1: So I guess they're just so sugary and sweet. Once

826
00:50:21,280 --> 00:50:23,920
Speaker 1: they get black like that, you get little fuzzy sweaters

827
00:50:23,920 --> 00:50:26,240
Speaker 1: on your teeth when you bite into them. They're that sweet.

828
00:50:26,360 --> 00:50:28,720
Speaker 1: I remember the first time I heard that expression, sweaters

829
00:50:28,760 --> 00:50:30,560
Speaker 1: on your teeth, and I was like, oh my god,

830
00:50:30,640 --> 00:50:36,440
Speaker 1: that's it. Nailed it. Um blah blah blah. Baking, baking,

831
00:50:36,480 --> 00:50:41,160
Speaker 1: baking nice. Who is that from? Uh? Diana, By the way,

832
00:50:41,200 --> 00:50:44,000
Speaker 1: she says, if you're not adding chocolate chips your banana

833
00:50:44,120 --> 00:50:46,640
Speaker 1: nut bread, then you're doing it wrong. Huh, and then

834
00:50:46,640 --> 00:50:50,200
Speaker 1: she says, best wishes from Diana Garten. Thanks a lot, Diana.

835
00:50:50,280 --> 00:50:52,279
Speaker 1: That's very nice. If you please do send us some

836
00:50:52,280 --> 00:50:55,839
Speaker 1: baked goods. It's not joking at all. Uh. If you

837
00:50:55,960 --> 00:50:57,799
Speaker 1: want to send us some bake goods or just say

838
00:50:57,840 --> 00:51:01,040
Speaker 1: hi or whatever, who cares. You can tweet to us

839
00:51:01,120 --> 00:51:03,680
Speaker 1: at josh onm clark or s y s K podcast.

840
00:51:04,040 --> 00:51:06,160
Speaker 1: You can hang out with us on Facebook dot com,

841
00:51:06,200 --> 00:51:09,160
Speaker 1: slash Stuff you Should Know or slash Charles W. Chuck Bryant,

842
00:51:09,400 --> 00:51:11,560
Speaker 1: send us an email the Stuff podcast at how Stuff

843
00:51:11,600 --> 00:51:13,799
Speaker 1: Works dot com, and as always, joined us at at

844
00:51:13,800 --> 00:51:20,440
Speaker 1: Home on the Web Stuff you Should Know dot com

845
00:51:20,480 --> 00:51:22,920
Speaker 1: for more on this and thousands of other topics. Is

846
00:51:22,920 --> 00:51:34,640
Speaker 1: It How stuff works? Dot com