1 00:00:08,840 --> 00:00:11,040 Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to save a protection of iHeart Radio. 2 00:00:11,080 --> 00:00:13,320 Speaker 1: I'm Annie Rees and I'm Lauren Vogelbaum, and today we 3 00:00:13,360 --> 00:00:17,320 Speaker 1: have a classic episode for you about maple syrup. Yes, 4 00:00:17,600 --> 00:00:19,400 Speaker 1: this is a fun one. This one has an easter 5 00:00:19,520 --> 00:00:23,440 Speaker 1: egg at the end. It's one of my very few 6 00:00:23,720 --> 00:00:30,600 Speaker 1: Oh yes, Lauren, I don't have to listen to find 7 00:00:30,640 --> 00:00:33,720 Speaker 1: out did I did I not listen to I didn't 8 00:00:33,720 --> 00:00:36,320 Speaker 1: listen all the way through the listener mail is it? 9 00:00:36,360 --> 00:00:41,680 Speaker 1: Is it? After? Okay? Fun? Okay, it might get cut. 10 00:00:42,080 --> 00:00:45,040 Speaker 1: Oh no, a lot of times we cut out the 11 00:00:45,720 --> 00:00:49,760 Speaker 1: very very ends. Oh well, you can listen to the original. 12 00:00:49,800 --> 00:00:55,600 Speaker 1: It's me talking to myself about being a clone and 13 00:00:55,880 --> 00:00:59,920 Speaker 1: never having maple syrup. Right, okay, I do remember that. 14 00:01:00,040 --> 00:01:03,040 Speaker 1: Now that's great. Well, hopefully we can find a way 15 00:01:03,040 --> 00:01:09,679 Speaker 1: to to to preserve that. But this was you'll have 16 00:01:09,720 --> 00:01:14,840 Speaker 1: to forgive my forgetting. This episode is from Mayen. Wow. 17 00:01:16,600 --> 00:01:19,800 Speaker 1: Always cracks me up when we designed to do certain things, 18 00:01:19,800 --> 00:01:22,480 Speaker 1: because to me, maple syrup is such a I know 19 00:01:22,560 --> 00:01:24,160 Speaker 1: for a lot of people it's like all year round thing, 20 00:01:24,240 --> 00:01:28,280 Speaker 1: but for me, it's kind of a warming winter fall flavor. 21 00:01:28,560 --> 00:01:30,160 Speaker 1: But we do that all the time. We're like oh 22 00:01:30,280 --> 00:01:35,679 Speaker 1: it's July. Let's talk about ginger bread, right right, yeah, 23 00:01:35,720 --> 00:01:38,720 Speaker 1: And that's kind of why I was thinking about this episode, 24 00:01:38,800 --> 00:01:41,480 Speaker 1: is because right like I associated with fall flavors, and 25 00:01:41,840 --> 00:01:43,920 Speaker 1: you get some of that good like a like it 26 00:01:44,000 --> 00:01:47,120 Speaker 1: goes so well with with dishes like like roast vegetables 27 00:01:47,200 --> 00:01:51,360 Speaker 1: or roast duck or something like that. But it's actually 28 00:01:51,400 --> 00:01:53,560 Speaker 1: really like a like a late winter food, not like 29 00:01:53,600 --> 00:01:56,520 Speaker 1: a fall food when you get right down to like freshness. 30 00:01:56,560 --> 00:01:58,520 Speaker 1: But it is. It is a year round thing now, 31 00:01:58,680 --> 00:02:04,920 Speaker 1: sure is. And people who love it love it. Oh goodness, absolutely. 32 00:02:05,360 --> 00:02:09,120 Speaker 1: Uh yeah, I guess a couple news updates before we 33 00:02:09,200 --> 00:02:14,919 Speaker 1: dive in. Uh So, during the pandemic, so many more 34 00:02:14,919 --> 00:02:19,880 Speaker 1: people picked up sugar ng is a hobby making maple 35 00:02:19,919 --> 00:02:25,119 Speaker 1: syrup from maple sap. Yeah, that supplies like at home 36 00:02:25,120 --> 00:02:32,040 Speaker 1: syrup evaporators sold out in the winter of Oh my gosh, 37 00:02:32,440 --> 00:02:35,560 Speaker 1: I love it. Wow listeners right in if this was 38 00:02:35,600 --> 00:02:39,920 Speaker 1: a hobby that you picked up, Yeah, yes, Oh fascinating. 39 00:02:40,160 --> 00:02:48,919 Speaker 1: Um Also NASA correlation Okay, so some researchers at Montana 40 00:02:48,960 --> 00:02:54,160 Speaker 1: State University are applying technology that they originally developed for 41 00:02:54,240 --> 00:03:00,920 Speaker 1: NASA two maple sap collection and that's because okay, okay, 42 00:03:01,280 --> 00:03:05,760 Speaker 1: microbes can create colonies called called biofilms. Yeah they can. 43 00:03:05,800 --> 00:03:09,480 Speaker 1: They can mump muck up the plumbing systems and spacecraft 44 00:03:10,000 --> 00:03:14,400 Speaker 1: um and similar biofilms can muck up the quality of 45 00:03:14,440 --> 00:03:17,799 Speaker 1: maple sap in the sap lines that's used to collect 46 00:03:17,880 --> 00:03:23,440 Speaker 1: the sap. So that's so cool. They just got a 47 00:03:23,440 --> 00:03:27,520 Speaker 1: whole grant. They're doing this cool stuff, really exciting. That 48 00:03:27,680 --> 00:03:33,040 Speaker 1: is exciting. I love it. You're so cool. Strange but 49 00:03:33,160 --> 00:03:42,400 Speaker 1: cool sometimes horrifying. Oh yes, well I think that this 50 00:03:42,480 --> 00:03:58,520 Speaker 1: means we should let pass Any and Lauren take it away. Yes, hello, 51 00:03:58,600 --> 00:04:01,080 Speaker 1: and welcome to food Stuff. I'm Are and I'm Lauren 52 00:04:01,160 --> 00:04:04,920 Speaker 1: voc Obam and today we're talking about maple syrup. Yes, 53 00:04:05,040 --> 00:04:09,000 Speaker 1: maple syrups. So many of you have suggested this, and 54 00:04:09,120 --> 00:04:12,400 Speaker 1: you've told us about amazing festivals. Oh yeah, there's so 55 00:04:12,440 --> 00:04:16,240 Speaker 1: many of them and we desperately want to go. But 56 00:04:16,320 --> 00:04:19,280 Speaker 1: thank you to thank you for writing in and suggesting 57 00:04:19,279 --> 00:04:23,479 Speaker 1: and also making us incredibly jealous. Yeah, we we just 58 00:04:23,560 --> 00:04:26,000 Speaker 1: missed all of them. I think. Yeah, they're they're all 59 00:04:26,040 --> 00:04:29,080 Speaker 1: in late March and early April. But so if you're 60 00:04:29,120 --> 00:04:30,719 Speaker 1: listening to this as it comes out. You have a 61 00:04:30,760 --> 00:04:34,560 Speaker 1: whole year to plan. You could plan Oh my gosh, 62 00:04:35,040 --> 00:04:42,080 Speaker 1: the whole maple syrup. Yes, a tour to syrup. Oh man, 63 00:04:42,520 --> 00:04:46,920 Speaker 1: let us in on that, please. Um. I have an 64 00:04:47,000 --> 00:04:52,120 Speaker 1: unattributed quote quote of the episode. They say blood is 65 00:04:52,160 --> 00:04:55,279 Speaker 1: thicker than water, but maple syrup is thicker than blood. 66 00:04:55,600 --> 00:05:01,719 Speaker 1: Therefore my loyalties lie with pancakes. I can appreciate that. Yeah, 67 00:05:02,040 --> 00:05:03,880 Speaker 1: I might be more of a waffles person than a 68 00:05:03,920 --> 00:05:06,919 Speaker 1: pancakes person, but I appreciate the sentiment. I I prefer 69 00:05:06,960 --> 00:05:09,800 Speaker 1: waffles as well, but I do like a good pancake. 70 00:05:10,440 --> 00:05:14,520 Speaker 1: I can't wait to do an episode on pancakes because me, 71 00:05:14,839 --> 00:05:17,560 Speaker 1: for me and most of my friends, pancakes when they 72 00:05:17,560 --> 00:05:21,279 Speaker 1: were kids made it. They made us all nauseous. Really yeah, 73 00:05:21,560 --> 00:05:26,440 Speaker 1: like some kind of weird thing, and I'm interested too many? 74 00:05:26,640 --> 00:05:29,200 Speaker 1: Was it like? No, it was like two bites in 75 00:05:30,160 --> 00:05:34,920 Speaker 1: nauseated so well duly noted. Yeah, not not anymore. I 76 00:05:35,120 --> 00:05:38,239 Speaker 1: love me a good pancake, but it was. It was weird. 77 00:05:38,320 --> 00:05:40,920 Speaker 1: It was almost all of my close group of friends 78 00:05:40,920 --> 00:05:43,000 Speaker 1: in high school. We did not eat pancakes because it 79 00:05:43,200 --> 00:05:45,880 Speaker 1: must feel straight. How are you pancaking? How did you 80 00:05:46,040 --> 00:05:50,680 Speaker 1: pancakes so wrong. Well, it could be because of the 81 00:05:50,720 --> 00:05:55,560 Speaker 1: syrup I was using, because I I hadn't tried real 82 00:05:55,680 --> 00:05:59,400 Speaker 1: maple syrup until I think last year Wow, when a 83 00:05:59,440 --> 00:06:03,680 Speaker 1: coworker Oars bought some back from Vermont Um and I 84 00:06:03,800 --> 00:06:07,760 Speaker 1: just had pretty much like ant Jemima, my whole life. 85 00:06:08,960 --> 00:06:12,120 Speaker 1: This is this is crazy to me because I grew up, 86 00:06:12,160 --> 00:06:15,640 Speaker 1: I was born in Ohio. I lived my early years 87 00:06:15,680 --> 00:06:19,200 Speaker 1: in Ohio, and I mean, like I I have watched 88 00:06:19,240 --> 00:06:22,919 Speaker 1: people tap maple trees and collect sap from them to 89 00:06:23,000 --> 00:06:25,960 Speaker 1: make syrup. Like one of my cousin's weddings, the favors 90 00:06:26,000 --> 00:06:28,680 Speaker 1: were bottles of maple syrup that they had bottled, that 91 00:06:28,720 --> 00:06:31,520 Speaker 1: they had made and bottled themselves. Oh that's so cool. 92 00:06:32,240 --> 00:06:34,160 Speaker 1: Like maple candy is a thing that I grew up 93 00:06:34,200 --> 00:06:40,880 Speaker 1: eating and still have huge nostalgia for. So I'm just like, like, 94 00:06:41,040 --> 00:06:45,760 Speaker 1: mind completely blown. Yeah. Um, I'm very sad about it, 95 00:06:45,760 --> 00:06:50,159 Speaker 1: and in like a I can't believe I wasted all 96 00:06:50,200 --> 00:06:52,679 Speaker 1: of this time. I'm gonna get used to maple candy. 97 00:06:52,720 --> 00:06:56,280 Speaker 1: We're gonna, We're gonna make this work. Also, this is 98 00:06:56,720 --> 00:07:01,040 Speaker 1: a throwback Benson to our Juicing and or Dtak episode right, 99 00:07:01,040 --> 00:07:04,800 Speaker 1: because it's one of the main ingredients of the Master Clans, 100 00:07:04,880 --> 00:07:07,440 Speaker 1: I believe. Yeah, yeah, it's like maple, lemon and cayene 101 00:07:07,440 --> 00:07:10,280 Speaker 1: pepper or something. Yeah. While I was doing research for 102 00:07:10,280 --> 00:07:15,080 Speaker 1: this episode, I ran across a a cocktail recipe for 103 00:07:15,440 --> 00:07:19,920 Speaker 1: the for the retox cocktail, which was those things plus bourbon. 104 00:07:20,360 --> 00:07:26,120 Speaker 1: Basically could go for that sounds good to me, but okay, 105 00:07:27,280 --> 00:07:33,400 Speaker 1: maple syrup, what is it? Great question? Great question. Maple 106 00:07:33,440 --> 00:07:37,960 Speaker 1: syrup is the concentrated sugary sap of maple trees, usually 107 00:07:38,000 --> 00:07:42,600 Speaker 1: specifically sugar maples or Acer saccarum, although other species of 108 00:07:42,640 --> 00:07:45,720 Speaker 1: maples can be used to and in fact are. You 109 00:07:45,760 --> 00:07:49,440 Speaker 1: can harvest the sap from trees by literally tapping them, 110 00:07:49,480 --> 00:07:52,640 Speaker 1: I mean like putting in a spout like tap, not 111 00:07:52,720 --> 00:07:55,240 Speaker 1: by like poking them lightly with a fingertip, over and over. 112 00:07:55,360 --> 00:07:57,880 Speaker 1: I'm glad you clarified, but that wouldn't that wouldn't work 113 00:07:57,920 --> 00:08:02,440 Speaker 1: as well. Uh. Then you you cook the resulting sap 114 00:08:02,960 --> 00:08:06,000 Speaker 1: down into syrup, and the resulting flavor is quite sweet, 115 00:08:06,280 --> 00:08:09,320 Speaker 1: with notes that can be woody, floral like vanillas or 116 00:08:09,520 --> 00:08:13,080 Speaker 1: caramel e and or herbal. A whole bunch of stuff 117 00:08:13,080 --> 00:08:16,640 Speaker 1: going on there. The trees are native to the northeastern 118 00:08:16,760 --> 00:08:20,400 Speaker 1: north central parts of North America, like like United States 119 00:08:20,400 --> 00:08:22,840 Speaker 1: and Canada kind of area. And they can live for 120 00:08:23,120 --> 00:08:26,640 Speaker 1: hundreds of years and reach heights of over one feet 121 00:08:26,760 --> 00:08:31,360 Speaker 1: or thirty meters. Wow. Their leaves turn this really brilliant 122 00:08:31,640 --> 00:08:34,560 Speaker 1: yellow than orange than red in the fall before falling 123 00:08:34,559 --> 00:08:39,360 Speaker 1: off for the winter. And they're they're lovely. They sound lovely. Yeah. 124 00:08:39,440 --> 00:08:42,560 Speaker 1: And their sap is collected in the late winter and 125 00:08:42,600 --> 00:08:47,320 Speaker 1: then processed into syrup. A sap as soon as possible. 126 00:08:47,840 --> 00:08:51,720 Speaker 1: Need syrup in our faces, totally, yes, Well, otherwise it 127 00:08:51,720 --> 00:08:55,200 Speaker 1: goes bad because it's got high water context, you know. Yeah, 128 00:08:55,320 --> 00:08:58,680 Speaker 1: gotta keep it cold, gotta use it soon. Not the 129 00:08:58,720 --> 00:09:00,600 Speaker 1: maple syrup, I mean, maples are so once you open 130 00:09:00,600 --> 00:09:03,160 Speaker 1: a bottle, keep it in the fridge. Really, it's not 131 00:09:03,200 --> 00:09:06,520 Speaker 1: shelf stable. Oh my gosh, I'm learning so much, learning 132 00:09:06,559 --> 00:09:10,880 Speaker 1: so much. Canada has a grading system, yeah, for maple syrup, 133 00:09:10,920 --> 00:09:16,839 Speaker 1: based on the color extra light A light A medium B, 134 00:09:17,640 --> 00:09:22,920 Speaker 1: number two amber cy and number three dark D. The 135 00:09:23,040 --> 00:09:26,320 Speaker 1: US has a simple light which is denoted by A 136 00:09:26,480 --> 00:09:30,760 Speaker 1: versus dark B distinction, but Vermont has a whole grading 137 00:09:30,800 --> 00:09:34,560 Speaker 1: thing of their own. The descriptors are great. There's golden 138 00:09:34,600 --> 00:09:39,280 Speaker 1: color with delicate taste, amber color with rich taste, dark 139 00:09:39,320 --> 00:09:45,120 Speaker 1: with robust taste, and very dark with strong taste, strong taste. 140 00:09:46,240 --> 00:09:49,520 Speaker 1: Thanks to mental flaws for that breakdown. Um and you 141 00:09:49,640 --> 00:09:53,680 Speaker 1: actually might guess by the flag and our basic conversation 142 00:09:53,760 --> 00:09:56,520 Speaker 1: so far, it's kind of a big deal in Canada, 143 00:09:56,640 --> 00:09:59,600 Speaker 1: maple is sort of a whole thing. Yeah. I believe 144 00:10:00,160 --> 00:10:02,880 Speaker 1: probably half of the listeners who suggested maple syrup from 145 00:10:02,920 --> 00:10:07,400 Speaker 1: Canada and the other half were from rut Uh and 146 00:10:07,520 --> 00:10:10,640 Speaker 1: like wine, salt, mushrooms, oysters, so many things we've talked about. 147 00:10:10,800 --> 00:10:13,440 Speaker 1: The flavor of maple syrup is impacted by the soil, 148 00:10:13,800 --> 00:10:18,319 Speaker 1: the tree, the weather, meaning you should sample different syrups 149 00:10:18,360 --> 00:10:21,600 Speaker 1: like wines if the opportunity presents itself, and I certainly 150 00:10:21,600 --> 00:10:25,280 Speaker 1: hope it presents itself to us. Yes, we need to 151 00:10:25,280 --> 00:10:31,800 Speaker 1: work on this, we absolutely do. We're looking at the health. Um. So, 152 00:10:31,960 --> 00:10:34,920 Speaker 1: the sap by itself is relatively low in sugar. A 153 00:10:35,000 --> 00:10:39,240 Speaker 1: good maple syrup is about sixty six sugar or higher. 154 00:10:39,440 --> 00:10:41,680 Speaker 1: That's mostly sucross. If you were wondering with a little 155 00:10:41,720 --> 00:10:43,920 Speaker 1: bit of glucose and fruit toast mixed in there. It's 156 00:10:43,920 --> 00:10:46,360 Speaker 1: about fifty calories per table spoon, with a decent amount 157 00:10:46,400 --> 00:10:50,160 Speaker 1: of calcium and potassium, no cholesterol, no fat um. A 158 00:10:50,200 --> 00:10:52,720 Speaker 1: fake maple syrup is made of high fructose corn syrup, 159 00:10:52,840 --> 00:10:56,079 Speaker 1: cellulo scum, coloring um. If you look at the labels, 160 00:10:56,080 --> 00:10:59,040 Speaker 1: they almost certainly don't have maple and the product name 161 00:10:59,559 --> 00:11:01,920 Speaker 1: and instead a pancake syrup or breakfast syrup, which is 162 00:11:01,960 --> 00:11:04,640 Speaker 1: one of those things that when I read that, it's 163 00:11:04,679 --> 00:11:08,560 Speaker 1: a light in oh yeah, oh yeah, So I really 164 00:11:08,640 --> 00:11:11,240 Speaker 1: wasn't having maple syrup. It was right in front of 165 00:11:11,240 --> 00:11:15,000 Speaker 1: me all along um. And if you haven't surmised already, 166 00:11:15,400 --> 00:11:18,560 Speaker 1: Vermont takes their syrup seriously. And in two thousand and eleven, 167 00:11:18,840 --> 00:11:21,760 Speaker 1: McDonald's found itself in a legal battle after selling a 168 00:11:21,760 --> 00:11:26,160 Speaker 1: product called fruit and Maple oatmeal, except it wasn't with maple, 169 00:11:26,280 --> 00:11:31,280 Speaker 1: it was with the fake stuff. Gasp. In Vermont, it 170 00:11:31,400 --> 00:11:33,560 Speaker 1: is illegal to use the word maple if the sweetener 171 00:11:33,720 --> 00:11:38,240 Speaker 1: is not involved, if the sweetener involved is not pure maple. 172 00:11:39,280 --> 00:11:43,080 Speaker 1: So McDonald's found itself in a bit of a pickle 173 00:11:44,040 --> 00:11:49,080 Speaker 1: that tasted like maple syrup, fatally maplely pickle. I would 174 00:11:49,120 --> 00:11:52,959 Speaker 1: eat that, I would try that. Yeah, we we try. 175 00:11:53,120 --> 00:11:57,640 Speaker 1: We'll try just about anything. Yeah, you didn't see our 176 00:11:57,760 --> 00:12:01,720 Speaker 1: our social post recently. We try the peanut butter and pickles. 177 00:12:01,720 --> 00:12:06,360 Speaker 1: So maple and pickle. We already gut some pickles leftovers, 178 00:12:06,840 --> 00:12:09,360 Speaker 1: and the maple and the peanut butter and pickle was 179 00:12:09,520 --> 00:12:16,720 Speaker 1: pretty okay. Yeah, yeah, all right, we'll table that for later. Yes, yes, 180 00:12:17,559 --> 00:12:21,280 Speaker 1: let's talk about how we get maple syrup. Yeah. Yeah, 181 00:12:21,559 --> 00:12:23,319 Speaker 1: to get one gallon of syrup, you're going to need 182 00:12:23,320 --> 00:12:27,000 Speaker 1: about forty gallons of sap because the sap is water, 183 00:12:27,400 --> 00:12:30,320 Speaker 1: and per season, the average tree will yield somewhere between 184 00:12:30,440 --> 00:12:33,360 Speaker 1: five and fifteen gallons of sap, So you're gonna kneel 185 00:12:33,360 --> 00:12:36,360 Speaker 1: a lot of trees. Um Generally, this is all generally, 186 00:12:36,360 --> 00:12:39,400 Speaker 1: there are allliners that produce way more or with less, right, 187 00:12:39,600 --> 00:12:42,640 Speaker 1: And the reason that these sugar maples or rock maples 188 00:12:42,679 --> 00:12:45,720 Speaker 1: are used so frequently is that they produce more sugar 189 00:12:45,800 --> 00:12:47,600 Speaker 1: than a lot of other maple trees. You can also 190 00:12:47,640 --> 00:12:49,719 Speaker 1: do this with birch trees. I guess you could do 191 00:12:49,760 --> 00:12:51,280 Speaker 1: it with other kinds of trees too, but I'm not 192 00:12:51,320 --> 00:12:55,400 Speaker 1: sure your results may vary. Yeah, more about that possibly 193 00:12:55,400 --> 00:13:00,520 Speaker 1: in another episode Okay, so trees, yeah, they makes app 194 00:13:00,679 --> 00:13:03,319 Speaker 1: they do. They do some more than others and all 195 00:13:03,360 --> 00:13:07,200 Speaker 1: with different properties. But SAP is the sugary energy source 196 00:13:07,520 --> 00:13:12,040 Speaker 1: the trees create from photosynthesis, and then they use that 197 00:13:12,080 --> 00:13:15,800 Speaker 1: SAP to power their cells and their growth. SAP is 198 00:13:16,000 --> 00:13:18,520 Speaker 1: uh that that sugar stuff rather is mixed with water 199 00:13:18,840 --> 00:13:21,120 Speaker 1: drawn up from the tree's roots, and the SAP also 200 00:13:21,160 --> 00:13:24,000 Speaker 1: contains a number of minerals and other compounds. Due to 201 00:13:24,080 --> 00:13:28,120 Speaker 1: all of this process, some trees have a specific growing 202 00:13:28,160 --> 00:13:31,440 Speaker 1: season In maples, that's the warm spring in summer when 203 00:13:31,520 --> 00:13:34,760 Speaker 1: light is plentiful. In the fall and winter, the trees 204 00:13:34,840 --> 00:13:38,240 Speaker 1: stop growing and kind of battened down the proverbial hatches 205 00:13:38,280 --> 00:13:41,200 Speaker 1: for the for the cold weather and shorter days, so 206 00:13:41,360 --> 00:13:45,560 Speaker 1: they store any excess sugars for use the next growing season. 207 00:13:46,480 --> 00:13:48,920 Speaker 1: One of the storage units for all this sugary sap 208 00:13:49,080 --> 00:13:54,480 Speaker 1: is raise in the trunk. Raise Raise. Not like the 209 00:13:54,520 --> 00:13:58,440 Speaker 1: Star Wars character just hanging out. No, there's not a 210 00:13:58,480 --> 00:14:02,760 Speaker 1: bunch of tiny Star Wars ladies with lightsabers. Okay, just 211 00:14:02,840 --> 00:14:05,920 Speaker 1: checking in trees that I'm personally aware of. Oh man, 212 00:14:06,000 --> 00:14:09,560 Speaker 1: that's true, all right. Have you have you ever seen 213 00:14:09,559 --> 00:14:13,200 Speaker 1: a cross section of a of a tree trunk. Yeah 214 00:14:13,320 --> 00:14:16,160 Speaker 1: all right, so so it's got rings. It's got rings, 215 00:14:16,240 --> 00:14:20,560 Speaker 1: concentric rings that represent growth seasons, like like Dante's Inferno, um, 216 00:14:21,280 --> 00:14:24,160 Speaker 1: and running perpendicular to those rings from the center of 217 00:14:24,200 --> 00:14:28,160 Speaker 1: the tree out to the bark. You'll also see rays 218 00:14:28,200 --> 00:14:31,000 Speaker 1: in a living tree. These are chains of cells that 219 00:14:31,160 --> 00:14:35,600 Speaker 1: store sugars for growth and repairs. And normally the trees 220 00:14:35,760 --> 00:14:38,560 Speaker 1: cell structure and you know, stiff outer bark will keep 221 00:14:38,600 --> 00:14:42,960 Speaker 1: the sap just cozily insulated until spring. But it's pretty 222 00:14:42,960 --> 00:14:45,520 Speaker 1: easy to disrupt that insulation and get the sap to 223 00:14:45,600 --> 00:14:49,880 Speaker 1: flow right out to you during certain temperature conditions because 224 00:14:50,160 --> 00:14:56,880 Speaker 1: of physics. Physics, Okay, for first, disrupting the the insulation, 225 00:14:57,000 --> 00:14:59,120 Speaker 1: that part's easy. You you drill a hole into the 226 00:14:59,120 --> 00:15:02,440 Speaker 1: trees trunk and gently hammer in a spout or tap 227 00:15:02,600 --> 00:15:04,720 Speaker 1: or spile, and a wee bit of sap is going 228 00:15:04,760 --> 00:15:08,200 Speaker 1: to start flowing out from the from the cells immediately 229 00:15:08,240 --> 00:15:10,840 Speaker 1: surrounding the tap. But the way that you get it 230 00:15:10,880 --> 00:15:18,280 Speaker 1: to really flow is so cool. Literally uh yeah, um. Okay. 231 00:15:18,400 --> 00:15:21,240 Speaker 1: The reason that maple sap is harvested in the late winter, 232 00:15:21,480 --> 00:15:24,160 Speaker 1: like I said, is that that's when the ambient temperature 233 00:15:24,280 --> 00:15:28,640 Speaker 1: starts going significantly above freezing during the day up until 234 00:15:28,640 --> 00:15:31,400 Speaker 1: like the forties or fifties, but then dipping back down 235 00:15:31,440 --> 00:15:34,160 Speaker 1: below freezing at night. In celsius, that's going up to 236 00:15:34,160 --> 00:15:37,560 Speaker 1: about five or ten degrees during the day, and this 237 00:15:37,640 --> 00:15:41,560 Speaker 1: means that at night the sap cools and will even 238 00:15:41,640 --> 00:15:45,280 Speaker 1: freeze inside the trunk. As you may remember from our 239 00:15:45,320 --> 00:15:49,440 Speaker 1: episode on soft drinks, colder temperatures mean that gases can 240 00:15:49,520 --> 00:15:55,400 Speaker 1: more easily dissolve into liquids, So overnight gases get dissolved 241 00:15:55,440 --> 00:15:59,600 Speaker 1: and compressed and frozen into the sap, and the next day, 242 00:15:59,680 --> 00:16:03,600 Speaker 1: when warmer temperatures melt the ice and those gases are released, 243 00:16:04,080 --> 00:16:07,480 Speaker 1: they expand, pushing the sap right out of the tree. 244 00:16:08,200 --> 00:16:09,680 Speaker 1: All you've got to do is like hang a bucket 245 00:16:10,160 --> 00:16:15,600 Speaker 1: and you've got sap. Pretty cool. Yeah, don't worry about 246 00:16:15,600 --> 00:16:17,720 Speaker 1: the trees, by the way, they're they're fine. You can 247 00:16:17,760 --> 00:16:19,840 Speaker 1: certainly over tap a tree if you were trying, but 248 00:16:19,920 --> 00:16:22,120 Speaker 1: it would take a lot more than a single hole, 249 00:16:22,240 --> 00:16:25,240 Speaker 1: or even two or three. A properly made tap hole 250 00:16:25,560 --> 00:16:28,240 Speaker 1: will prepare itself within a couple of years to allowing 251 00:16:28,280 --> 00:16:34,000 Speaker 1: for a a long and uh productive life. An illustrious career. Yes, 252 00:16:36,320 --> 00:16:38,840 Speaker 1: and you can keep this this uh, this sapping process 253 00:16:38,960 --> 00:16:41,440 Speaker 1: up as long as the night's freeze in the day's 254 00:16:41,440 --> 00:16:44,720 Speaker 1: warm up, until the tree begins butting new leaves, at 255 00:16:44,720 --> 00:16:47,480 Speaker 1: which point, at which point the tree starts producing other 256 00:16:47,680 --> 00:16:52,600 Speaker 1: compounds that will make the sap taste off. I've heard 257 00:16:52,600 --> 00:16:55,560 Speaker 1: it referred to as like old shoe flavor. Oh no, 258 00:16:55,880 --> 00:16:59,520 Speaker 1: not what you want, and delicious maple syrup. No, not 259 00:17:00,000 --> 00:17:05,960 Speaker 1: generally shoe flavor. I've never seen that on a label. Now, 260 00:17:06,000 --> 00:17:11,880 Speaker 1: an old shoe flavor, I guess. I see things described 261 00:17:11,920 --> 00:17:16,159 Speaker 1: as a leather sometimes. Sure, I don't think that's what 262 00:17:16,160 --> 00:17:20,320 Speaker 1: they're talking about. I mean, old shoe is very very 263 00:17:20,359 --> 00:17:25,439 Speaker 1: specific and devocative. Yeah, no, no, thanks, No, okay, So 264 00:17:25,480 --> 00:17:29,199 Speaker 1: you've got you've got your sap um And it's most simple. 265 00:17:29,760 --> 00:17:33,080 Speaker 1: You get maple syrup from sap by tapping a sugar maple, 266 00:17:33,160 --> 00:17:37,080 Speaker 1: collecting sap, and taking water out of the sap via 267 00:17:37,160 --> 00:17:39,720 Speaker 1: boiling and or other science until it's gone from like 268 00:17:39,760 --> 00:17:43,560 Speaker 1: two sugar to about sixty six sugar. As we're saying 269 00:17:44,280 --> 00:17:47,560 Speaker 1: these days, though farms might have a couple of thousand 270 00:17:47,680 --> 00:17:51,360 Speaker 1: trees or a couple of hundred thousand trees and they 271 00:17:51,400 --> 00:17:54,520 Speaker 1: might pipe the SAP through hundreds of miles of tubing 272 00:17:54,560 --> 00:17:57,359 Speaker 1: to a sugar house where the SAP is processed. And 273 00:17:57,800 --> 00:18:00,000 Speaker 1: at that point it gets a little bit more complicated 274 00:18:00,119 --> 00:18:03,680 Speaker 1: because in these large productions and even in some home productions, 275 00:18:03,720 --> 00:18:07,399 Speaker 1: the SAP is run through a reverse osmosis unit before 276 00:18:07,400 --> 00:18:11,520 Speaker 1: it's cooked down. And all right, Reverse osmosis is a 277 00:18:11,560 --> 00:18:15,200 Speaker 1: type of filtration system that's more than just like big 278 00:18:15,240 --> 00:18:18,399 Speaker 1: molecules get stuck on one side and smaller molecules go 279 00:18:18,480 --> 00:18:21,320 Speaker 1: through to the other side. That's your basic filtration. This 280 00:18:21,359 --> 00:18:25,640 Speaker 1: is a little bit more um. Basically, you apply pressure 281 00:18:25,800 --> 00:18:29,360 Speaker 1: to a solution of water plus stuff that's on one 282 00:18:29,440 --> 00:18:33,160 Speaker 1: side of a semipermeable membrane, and on the other side 283 00:18:33,200 --> 00:18:38,520 Speaker 1: you've got purer water. Normally, the way osmosis works is 284 00:18:38,600 --> 00:18:42,160 Speaker 1: the purer water would want to come through to dilute 285 00:18:42,200 --> 00:18:45,960 Speaker 1: the solution, but because you're applying pressure to it, and 286 00:18:45,960 --> 00:18:48,400 Speaker 1: in a in a couple other conditions caused by the pressure, 287 00:18:48,960 --> 00:18:53,720 Speaker 1: you're reversing the normal flow of osmosis, forcing the purer 288 00:18:53,760 --> 00:18:56,719 Speaker 1: water to all collect on one side, and then the 289 00:18:56,800 --> 00:19:01,639 Speaker 1: increasingly dense solution of are in stuff to collect on 290 00:19:01,640 --> 00:19:03,960 Speaker 1: the other and this gets a whole bunch of water 291 00:19:04,000 --> 00:19:06,480 Speaker 1: out before you start cooking the SAP, which means you 292 00:19:06,640 --> 00:19:10,879 Speaker 1: can save a whole lot on energy. Yeah yeah, because 293 00:19:11,000 --> 00:19:14,360 Speaker 1: yeah yeah. The cooking process, you essentially set it out 294 00:19:14,560 --> 00:19:18,560 Speaker 1: in big trays and heat the trays. That's it until 295 00:19:18,600 --> 00:19:23,920 Speaker 1: it's until it's syrup. Well there you go, and then yeah, 296 00:19:24,000 --> 00:19:26,400 Speaker 1: either way you you you filter it and then it's 297 00:19:26,800 --> 00:19:30,399 Speaker 1: essentially that's what you got. That's what you got. I 298 00:19:31,680 --> 00:19:33,800 Speaker 1: every time you're saying SAP, I kept thinking of a 299 00:19:33,920 --> 00:19:39,760 Speaker 1: drastic park that DNA video mr and it get caught 300 00:19:40,119 --> 00:19:43,080 Speaker 1: and they'll stay. I watched that last night, so it's 301 00:19:43,119 --> 00:19:51,280 Speaker 1: like different things. Yes, no dinosaurs involved in this episode 302 00:19:51,280 --> 00:19:57,320 Speaker 1: that we know. Again, there's a lot of mysteries to 303 00:19:57,400 --> 00:20:02,840 Speaker 1: be solved, listeners, a lot of mysteries out here, all right, 304 00:20:03,760 --> 00:20:07,639 Speaker 1: So let's talk some maple syrup numbers. Um As you 305 00:20:07,720 --> 00:20:11,120 Speaker 1: may have heard in the news lately, maple syrup makes 306 00:20:11,119 --> 00:20:15,160 Speaker 1: some big books, such big books that had inspired theft 307 00:20:15,880 --> 00:20:20,879 Speaker 1: and criminals absconded with six million pounds of maple syrup 308 00:20:21,400 --> 00:20:25,640 Speaker 1: from the warehouse of the Federation of Quebec maple syrup producers, 309 00:20:26,080 --> 00:20:32,040 Speaker 1: worth about eighteen million dollars. That's so much syrup. I know, 310 00:20:32,560 --> 00:20:37,440 Speaker 1: eighteen million dollars of syrup. It's six million pounds. That's wild. 311 00:20:37,640 --> 00:20:41,000 Speaker 1: I do not have the technology, No are the brain power. 312 00:20:41,160 --> 00:20:45,400 Speaker 1: Now twenty three people have been arrested so far. Yeah, 313 00:20:46,240 --> 00:20:49,240 Speaker 1: but authorities are still missing one third of what was taken, 314 00:20:49,240 --> 00:20:51,760 Speaker 1: so they have recovered two thirds. Um. And this is 315 00:20:51,800 --> 00:20:56,640 Speaker 1: one of the largest agricultural thefts of all time. There's 316 00:20:56,640 --> 00:21:00,960 Speaker 1: been some really big ones, so that's impressive. Uh. And 317 00:21:00,960 --> 00:21:04,800 Speaker 1: and the Quebec Maple Syrup Producers Organization, by the way, 318 00:21:04,840 --> 00:21:08,560 Speaker 1: has been keeping reserves of syrup to accommodate for fluctuations 319 00:21:08,560 --> 00:21:11,760 Speaker 1: in production back since the year two thousand. Yeah. I 320 00:21:11,920 --> 00:21:13,760 Speaker 1: never want to be out of that maple, sirup Oh No, 321 00:21:14,200 --> 00:21:18,119 Speaker 1: the price cannot fluctuate wildly depending on the season. Time 322 00:21:18,160 --> 00:21:20,760 Speaker 1: reported in two thousand nine that maple syrup would run 323 00:21:21,160 --> 00:21:26,320 Speaker 1: you about eighty dollars a gallon in some places. Yeah. Um, 324 00:21:26,359 --> 00:21:29,480 Speaker 1: about eight percent of our supply comes from Canada and 325 00:21:29,560 --> 00:21:34,280 Speaker 1: two thirds of that comes from Quebec. Korea, however, prefers 326 00:21:34,440 --> 00:21:37,159 Speaker 1: the sap. They gather from the Korean maple tree, and 327 00:21:37,200 --> 00:21:40,600 Speaker 1: they consume a lot of it sometimes as much as 328 00:21:40,680 --> 00:21:45,960 Speaker 1: five gallons in one got of the sap, not the syrup, Yes, important, important, 329 00:21:47,080 --> 00:21:53,800 Speaker 1: just guzzling calendar after calendar syrup. Yeah. The tree's name 330 00:21:54,000 --> 00:21:58,200 Speaker 1: translates to tree good for the bones. Birch sap is 331 00:21:58,200 --> 00:22:01,080 Speaker 1: a popular drink in Russia and are parts of northern Europe, 332 00:22:01,119 --> 00:22:03,800 Speaker 1: and here in the United States. There has been from 333 00:22:03,840 --> 00:22:08,360 Speaker 1: time to time a market for maple sap called maple water. Oh, 334 00:22:09,800 --> 00:22:13,280 Speaker 1: very fancy. I don't know it sounds it sounds lovely, 335 00:22:13,400 --> 00:22:18,320 Speaker 1: it does. Okay, So that's the overview of maple syrup. 336 00:22:18,960 --> 00:22:23,480 Speaker 1: What is it? Answered? But what about the history? What 337 00:22:23,600 --> 00:22:26,600 Speaker 1: about it? We'll get into it right after a quick 338 00:22:26,600 --> 00:22:39,320 Speaker 1: break for a word from our sponsor, and we're back, 339 00:22:39,359 --> 00:22:44,240 Speaker 1: Thank you, sponsor. The indigenous peoples of North America were 340 00:22:44,280 --> 00:22:46,960 Speaker 1: most likely the first to figure out the secret to 341 00:22:47,040 --> 00:22:50,560 Speaker 1: tapping maple trees, and we can find a few legends 342 00:22:50,600 --> 00:22:54,320 Speaker 1: about the discovery and the historical record. Um, there's a 343 00:22:54,400 --> 00:22:57,040 Speaker 1: legend that a chief through a tomahawk at a tree 344 00:22:57,720 --> 00:23:01,000 Speaker 1: and the syrup overflow with from the cut, and I 345 00:23:01,040 --> 00:23:06,640 Speaker 1: believe his wife she collected it, and then she accidentally 346 00:23:07,400 --> 00:23:10,399 Speaker 1: maybe not accidentally, she um was out of water, and 347 00:23:10,440 --> 00:23:14,960 Speaker 1: she used the sap to cook venison in or something, 348 00:23:15,080 --> 00:23:19,400 Speaker 1: and they were like, whoa, this the best taste, so good. Um. 349 00:23:19,440 --> 00:23:22,680 Speaker 1: There's another legend that some well it's not really a legend. 350 00:23:23,040 --> 00:23:25,439 Speaker 1: Maybe some just oozed out from a broken branch on 351 00:23:25,480 --> 00:23:29,560 Speaker 1: a maple tree. Um. Perhaps it froze and became a sapsicle. 352 00:23:29,680 --> 00:23:31,439 Speaker 1: I did not make that word up. Oh yeah, no, 353 00:23:31,520 --> 00:23:37,679 Speaker 1: that's real word, sapsicle. I love it. Um. Or perhaps um, 354 00:23:37,800 --> 00:23:40,840 Speaker 1: some folks got the idea by watching animal life always 355 00:23:40,840 --> 00:23:46,760 Speaker 1: a possibility. UM. Accounts from arriving settlers described Native Americans 356 00:23:46,840 --> 00:23:50,280 Speaker 1: slashing into trees with their tomahawks, then collecting the sap 357 00:23:50,320 --> 00:23:52,919 Speaker 1: with a reed or a concave piece of bark in 358 00:23:53,080 --> 00:23:57,000 Speaker 1: vessels of stone together birch bark that were made waterproof 359 00:23:57,000 --> 00:24:01,080 Speaker 1: by adding boiled pine cones for the seams. Um and 360 00:24:01,320 --> 00:24:05,760 Speaker 1: these vessels were later replaced with iron kettles. According to 361 00:24:05,800 --> 00:24:10,600 Speaker 1: the American Maple Museum, Jacques Cartier observed North American maple 362 00:24:10,600 --> 00:24:15,040 Speaker 1: trees and fifteen forty and French monk Andred Tibet wrote 363 00:24:15,040 --> 00:24:20,360 Speaker 1: about the North American maple sugar ng in fifty seven. Obviously, 364 00:24:20,400 --> 00:24:27,239 Speaker 1: hopefully you never know, you never know. Um. Collection and 365 00:24:27,280 --> 00:24:30,440 Speaker 1: distillation of maple sap by the Micmac tribe was detailed 366 00:24:30,440 --> 00:24:34,600 Speaker 1: by Mark Les Carbo and sixteen or six, and written 367 00:24:34,640 --> 00:24:39,440 Speaker 1: records show that by seventeen sixty and probably earlier um 368 00:24:39,440 --> 00:24:42,159 Speaker 1: with that distillation, the syrup was sometimes boiled down to 369 00:24:42,200 --> 00:24:45,040 Speaker 1: sugar and added to water or porridge made of ground 370 00:24:45,080 --> 00:24:48,159 Speaker 1: up corn on meat and fish in the place of salt. 371 00:24:48,520 --> 00:24:51,639 Speaker 1: I found a document listing the ways Native Americans utilized 372 00:24:51,720 --> 00:24:55,960 Speaker 1: maple sap syrup sugar, and it was quite long, ranging 373 00:24:56,000 --> 00:24:59,280 Speaker 1: from beer to bread to venison, all kinds of things. 374 00:24:59,760 --> 00:25:02,320 Speaker 1: When the Europeans arrived, the Native Americans stopped them how 375 00:25:02,320 --> 00:25:04,720 Speaker 1: to extract it, and it was their go to when 376 00:25:04,760 --> 00:25:08,600 Speaker 1: other sweeteners like molasses are a fine sugar, we're hard 377 00:25:08,600 --> 00:25:12,480 Speaker 1: to come by the authors of Eating in America History 378 00:25:12,640 --> 00:25:15,720 Speaker 1: describe at maple syrup as one of the quote most 379 00:25:15,760 --> 00:25:20,440 Speaker 1: important contributions of Northeastern Native Americans to American cooking, one 380 00:25:20,480 --> 00:25:25,160 Speaker 1: that impressed Europeans enormously. The beginning of the sixteenth century, 381 00:25:25,200 --> 00:25:28,040 Speaker 1: dairy farmers sometimes referred to maple trees as sugar bushes, 382 00:25:28,080 --> 00:25:30,760 Speaker 1: and with drill holes into these trees with a bucket 383 00:25:30,840 --> 00:25:33,159 Speaker 1: hung underneath. During the brief window they could get to 384 00:25:33,160 --> 00:25:35,240 Speaker 1: the sap as a way to make a little extra money, 385 00:25:35,480 --> 00:25:38,560 Speaker 1: or if they just wanted a sweetener for themselves. Every 386 00:25:38,560 --> 00:25:40,800 Speaker 1: couple of days, the farmers would pour the contents of 387 00:25:40,840 --> 00:25:43,360 Speaker 1: the buckets into a bigger vessel and haul them off 388 00:25:43,359 --> 00:25:46,200 Speaker 1: to a sugar house. There they'd boil the sap over 389 00:25:46,240 --> 00:25:50,640 Speaker 1: a fire to get the syrup. A sixteen seventy one 390 00:25:50,640 --> 00:25:54,359 Speaker 1: account from a French Jesuit priest mentions a liquor that 391 00:25:54,480 --> 00:25:58,600 Speaker 1: runs from the trees called maple water. Once the Europeans 392 00:25:58,600 --> 00:26:01,199 Speaker 1: followed the Native American example, many folks began using it 393 00:26:01,320 --> 00:26:05,280 Speaker 1: as their main sweetener. Over two centuries ago, Early Americans 394 00:26:05,280 --> 00:26:07,880 Speaker 1: were consuming maple syrup at a rate of four times 395 00:26:08,000 --> 00:26:10,840 Speaker 1: higher than our current one, and the reason why this 396 00:26:10,880 --> 00:26:13,159 Speaker 1: was largely priced at the time and up until at 397 00:26:13,240 --> 00:26:17,240 Speaker 1: least eighteen sixty, cane sugar from the Spanish West Indies 398 00:26:17,400 --> 00:26:21,000 Speaker 1: would run you way, way, way, way more, and according 399 00:26:21,040 --> 00:26:25,520 Speaker 1: to records from the eighteen seventies, the Winnebago and Chipplewood 400 00:26:25,520 --> 00:26:29,560 Speaker 1: tribes were rumored to sell fifteen thousand pounds of maple 401 00:26:29,600 --> 00:26:34,600 Speaker 1: sugar a year to the Northwest Fur Company. Yeah other 402 00:26:34,600 --> 00:26:38,280 Speaker 1: written descriptions described the map the maple harvesting season as 403 00:26:38,280 --> 00:26:40,560 Speaker 1: a sort of carnival for the Native Americans, when children 404 00:26:40,600 --> 00:26:42,800 Speaker 1: had boiled a sack to sugar then pour it into 405 00:26:42,840 --> 00:26:46,400 Speaker 1: the snow to make candy. Still a thing, Is it really? Yeah, 406 00:26:46,240 --> 00:26:49,880 Speaker 1: that's so exciting. Did you ever do that? No? Oh, man, 407 00:26:50,080 --> 00:26:54,040 Speaker 1: but i've but I've watched it. Then, Oh that's cool. Later, 408 00:26:54,200 --> 00:26:56,840 Speaker 1: a German explorer wrote that you could find maple candies 409 00:26:56,840 --> 00:26:59,679 Speaker 1: in all kinds of shapes, like flowers and animals. The 410 00:26:59,800 --> 00:27:05,000 Speaker 1: authors of the aforementioned Eating in America contended that the prominence, popularity, 411 00:27:05,040 --> 00:27:07,879 Speaker 1: and sweetness of maple syrup led to a prevalence of 412 00:27:07,920 --> 00:27:10,840 Speaker 1: sweetness in the New American cuisine, particularly in the North 413 00:27:10,920 --> 00:27:14,200 Speaker 1: and New England. And they gave honey baked ham as 414 00:27:14,280 --> 00:27:19,159 Speaker 1: kind of an example, or sweetened pork meats. It's a 415 00:27:19,200 --> 00:27:21,840 Speaker 1: weird way to say that, but yeah, you know, like 416 00:27:21,840 --> 00:27:26,040 Speaker 1: the sugared ham or sugar bacon or kind of that thing. Yeah. Um. 417 00:27:26,840 --> 00:27:31,240 Speaker 1: The Quakers, who were abolitionist, made and promoted maple sugar 418 00:27:31,359 --> 00:27:35,159 Speaker 1: as a replacement for sugarcane obtained through slave labor in 419 00:27:35,200 --> 00:27:39,359 Speaker 1: the West Indies. In sight, they were led by Dr 420 00:27:39,440 --> 00:27:42,320 Speaker 1: Benjamin Rush, and he caught the air. Someone who comes 421 00:27:42,400 --> 00:27:47,240 Speaker 1: up a lot in our episodes. No, not Columbus, Napoleon. No, 422 00:27:48,600 --> 00:27:51,320 Speaker 1: he hasn't come up in a while, right, Napoleon, you've 423 00:27:51,359 --> 00:27:57,080 Speaker 1: been slacking. Yeah, come on, it's Jefferson, Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson 424 00:27:57,119 --> 00:28:00,399 Speaker 1: became a member of Russia's Society for from notching the 425 00:28:00,400 --> 00:28:03,920 Speaker 1: manufacturer of sugar from the sugar maple tree just rolls 426 00:28:03,960 --> 00:28:07,639 Speaker 1: off the tongue, I tell you. Jefferson thought that if 427 00:28:07,680 --> 00:28:10,960 Speaker 1: American farmers could produce enough maple sugar to satisfy the 428 00:28:11,000 --> 00:28:13,520 Speaker 1: country's in need and still have some left to export, 429 00:28:13,920 --> 00:28:16,280 Speaker 1: then they could put a stop to the British cane 430 00:28:16,320 --> 00:28:20,679 Speaker 1: sugar operation UM At the time, even though maple sugar 431 00:28:20,760 --> 00:28:25,240 Speaker 1: wasn't exactly the easiest thing to produce, this was not unfeasible. 432 00:28:25,720 --> 00:28:29,080 Speaker 1: An average farm family reasonably could have churned out two 433 00:28:29,200 --> 00:28:33,440 Speaker 1: hundred pounds a season. Rush and Jefferson made pamphlets. I 434 00:28:33,480 --> 00:28:37,040 Speaker 1: don't know why I got so excited, and I read UM. 435 00:28:37,960 --> 00:28:41,000 Speaker 1: Along with the anti slavery sentiments, it did come with 436 00:28:41,160 --> 00:28:43,720 Speaker 1: less than scientific claims. The pamphlets did like this one. 437 00:28:44,160 --> 00:28:46,920 Speaker 1: The plague has never been known in any country where 438 00:28:46,960 --> 00:28:50,480 Speaker 1: sugar composes a material part of the diet of the inhabitants. 439 00:28:51,520 --> 00:28:58,960 Speaker 1: I mean no, right, that's no, I can't. I haven't 440 00:28:59,000 --> 00:29:01,640 Speaker 1: fact checked that. We haven't fact checked it. We did 441 00:29:01,640 --> 00:29:07,680 Speaker 1: not fact check Jefferson's claim there's no plague where they 442 00:29:07,680 --> 00:29:11,360 Speaker 1: eat sugar positive. I don't think so. But anyway, he 443 00:29:11,760 --> 00:29:15,240 Speaker 1: Jefferson started up his own maple plantation in seventeen ninety 444 00:29:15,320 --> 00:29:19,840 Speaker 1: one in his Monticello home. By eighteen eighteen, maple sugars 445 00:29:19,840 --> 00:29:23,640 Speaker 1: price tag was half that of cane sugar. In eighteen 446 00:29:23,640 --> 00:29:28,000 Speaker 1: fifty eight, the evaporating pan is patented. In eighteen sixty 447 00:29:28,080 --> 00:29:31,760 Speaker 1: the first metal sap spout. That same year, the US 448 00:29:31,840 --> 00:29:35,400 Speaker 1: produced forty million pounds of maple sugar and one point 449 00:29:35,440 --> 00:29:39,560 Speaker 1: six million gallons of maple syrup, the highest in our 450 00:29:39,640 --> 00:29:44,800 Speaker 1: history peak qus maple syrup um. We see a lot 451 00:29:44,840 --> 00:29:47,440 Speaker 1: of a vaporing pan innovations all the way up until 452 00:29:47,440 --> 00:29:50,600 Speaker 1: the nineteen hundreds, and the first sugar evaporator in eight 453 00:29:51,080 --> 00:29:54,240 Speaker 1: four I'll last. The very next year, for the first time, 454 00:29:54,360 --> 00:29:58,480 Speaker 1: the price of cane sugar fell below that of maple sugar. 455 00:29:59,600 --> 00:30:04,240 Speaker 1: The ver Maple Sugar Makers Association was founded in eight 456 00:30:04,920 --> 00:30:08,800 Speaker 1: three and started putting those standards together. The Pure Food 457 00:30:08,800 --> 00:30:11,520 Speaker 1: and Drug Act passed in nineteen o six, and it 458 00:30:11,600 --> 00:30:15,920 Speaker 1: made adulteration of maple syrup with good close illegal. In 459 00:30:16,160 --> 00:30:20,920 Speaker 1: nineteen sixty six, Robert Lamb, not not not our Robert Lamb. No, 460 00:30:21,080 --> 00:30:25,400 Speaker 1: not that Robert Lamb patented a plastic tubing system for 461 00:30:25,920 --> 00:30:30,760 Speaker 1: getting your maple syrup. Meanwhile, researchers had begun experimenting with 462 00:30:30,840 --> 00:30:34,880 Speaker 1: that reverse osmosis for water filtration around the nineteen fifties. 463 00:30:34,960 --> 00:30:36,840 Speaker 1: It had been around for a couple centuries before then, 464 00:30:36,880 --> 00:30:39,400 Speaker 1: but they really in earnest started in the nineteen fifties, 465 00:30:39,720 --> 00:30:42,800 Speaker 1: specifically forgetting the salt out of salt water. By the 466 00:30:42,840 --> 00:30:46,600 Speaker 1: nineteen seventies, maple farmers began applying this technology to syrup production. 467 00:30:48,240 --> 00:30:51,720 Speaker 1: In nineteen seventy five, the Maple Syrup Institute was formed, 468 00:30:52,000 --> 00:30:54,560 Speaker 1: and similar to most organizations we've talked about that are 469 00:30:54,600 --> 00:30:57,600 Speaker 1: sort of like the Mushroom Council um, the goal was 470 00:30:57,640 --> 00:31:01,080 Speaker 1: to set standards and to increase awareness and to increase sales. 471 00:31:01,120 --> 00:31:05,280 Speaker 1: Of course, and these days many maple farms are implementing 472 00:31:05,320 --> 00:31:09,120 Speaker 1: a lot of green energy technology, solar and wind power, 473 00:31:09,240 --> 00:31:12,360 Speaker 1: even methane from cow manure as a sort of up 474 00:31:12,400 --> 00:31:15,360 Speaker 1: cycled fuel, and this is less expensive in the long 475 00:31:15,440 --> 00:31:18,800 Speaker 1: run than traditional grid power. But the push for cleaner 476 00:31:18,880 --> 00:31:23,120 Speaker 1: energy sources is perhaps particularly important to maple sugar farmers 477 00:31:23,160 --> 00:31:27,240 Speaker 1: because climate change and global warming are particularly threatening to them. 478 00:31:27,720 --> 00:31:31,280 Speaker 1: Shorter winters means shorter sugaring seasons and thus lower yield, 479 00:31:31,640 --> 00:31:35,080 Speaker 1: and eventually in some areas that may see like significantly 480 00:31:35,160 --> 00:31:39,040 Speaker 1: higher temperatures and less rainfall, less healthy trees, and an 481 00:31:39,080 --> 00:31:43,520 Speaker 1: even lower yield over time. UH, though that is partially 482 00:31:43,520 --> 00:31:48,280 Speaker 1: being offset by improvements and other technologies, for example sanitation, UH, 483 00:31:48,320 --> 00:31:52,880 Speaker 1: SAP collection techniques that those reverse osmoses machines, evaporators, they're 484 00:31:52,880 --> 00:31:55,640 Speaker 1: all getting more efficient all the time, both in terms 485 00:31:55,680 --> 00:31:59,840 Speaker 1: of energy use and total output of SAP per tree, 486 00:32:01,080 --> 00:32:09,080 Speaker 1: more efficient all the time. That's the history portion I am. 487 00:32:09,120 --> 00:32:14,720 Speaker 1: I found this excellent, very thorough document from a I 488 00:32:14,840 --> 00:32:21,680 Speaker 1: believe a maple syrup museum, and it went like into 489 00:32:21,800 --> 00:32:26,560 Speaker 1: every every type of spout that had ever been used, 490 00:32:26,800 --> 00:32:30,240 Speaker 1: or just so much detail, and I glossed over it 491 00:32:30,240 --> 00:32:34,800 Speaker 1: in here, but it exists out there. There's so much information. 492 00:32:35,080 --> 00:32:40,600 Speaker 1: Should you like to want to dig in more? UM yeah, 493 00:32:40,640 --> 00:32:42,120 Speaker 1: if you want to go down that rabbit hole or 494 00:32:42,720 --> 00:32:47,160 Speaker 1: tap hole as the case, maybe it's there. It is there. 495 00:32:48,200 --> 00:32:52,480 Speaker 1: And I loved it too because it was, like someone 496 00:32:52,520 --> 00:32:54,760 Speaker 1: told me once, you can tell when someone is really 497 00:32:54,800 --> 00:32:57,960 Speaker 1: good at their job if their website is bad because 498 00:32:57,960 --> 00:33:01,360 Speaker 1: they're too busy to update webs Yeah, and it was. 499 00:33:01,440 --> 00:33:04,760 Speaker 1: So it's very much like that. It's very very bad. 500 00:33:05,440 --> 00:33:09,440 Speaker 1: Yes you're listening. If whatever museum it was, it was great. 501 00:33:09,480 --> 00:33:13,200 Speaker 1: I love the whole thing, great experience. Um, okay, so 502 00:33:13,240 --> 00:33:14,880 Speaker 1: we do have a little bit of science for you. 503 00:33:15,040 --> 00:33:18,560 Speaker 1: We do, but first one more quick word from our 504 00:33:18,600 --> 00:33:31,920 Speaker 1: sponsor and we're back. Thank you sponsor, Yes, thank you. 505 00:33:32,560 --> 00:33:36,800 Speaker 1: So uh. There are folk remedies a plenty involving maple 506 00:33:36,840 --> 00:33:40,520 Speaker 1: sap and syrup, perhaps mostly for digestive and throat sort 507 00:33:40,520 --> 00:33:42,600 Speaker 1: of issues, but it's also been taken orally for all 508 00:33:42,720 --> 00:33:48,240 Speaker 1: kinds of things, mostly in the preventative category, but there 509 00:33:48,440 --> 00:33:54,040 Speaker 1: is some maple syrup science in terms of medicine. There's 510 00:33:54,080 --> 00:33:57,920 Speaker 1: a compound in maple syrup that may help fight inflammatory 511 00:33:57,960 --> 00:34:04,440 Speaker 1: diseases like arthritis, a compound you say calmpound as as 512 00:34:04,480 --> 00:34:07,800 Speaker 1: you boil maple sap into syrup. One of the molecules 513 00:34:07,840 --> 00:34:11,160 Speaker 1: that forms has been found to make our immune system 514 00:34:11,600 --> 00:34:14,759 Speaker 1: just kind of chill out a little bit. Uh. Specifically, 515 00:34:14,800 --> 00:34:18,240 Speaker 1: it inhibits the secretion of a couple of pro inflammatory 516 00:34:18,280 --> 00:34:22,640 Speaker 1: signal proteins. In inflammation is part of the body's useful 517 00:34:22,840 --> 00:34:26,000 Speaker 1: immune system of getting extra resources to an injured area 518 00:34:26,080 --> 00:34:28,560 Speaker 1: to help it heal. But in diseases like arthritis, the 519 00:34:28,560 --> 00:34:32,400 Speaker 1: immune system has started attacking your own healthy tissue, causing 520 00:34:32,440 --> 00:34:37,080 Speaker 1: needless inflammation and pain and reduced function. And a lot 521 00:34:37,160 --> 00:34:39,520 Speaker 1: of the current medicines for treating this, you know, steroids, 522 00:34:39,640 --> 00:34:43,040 Speaker 1: for example, have have seriously negative side effects, especially when 523 00:34:43,120 --> 00:34:47,360 Speaker 1: used in the long term. So this compound out of 524 00:34:47,440 --> 00:34:53,000 Speaker 1: maple syrup is potentially really amazing. That sounds like something 525 00:34:53,040 --> 00:34:57,400 Speaker 1: my uncle would say about me. It's she's potentially really amazing. 526 00:34:59,000 --> 00:35:03,239 Speaker 1: More more work needs to be done. She could get there, though, 527 00:35:04,680 --> 00:35:09,640 Speaker 1: dang researchers named not not you or your uncle, but 528 00:35:09,760 --> 00:35:13,399 Speaker 1: rather this compound um quebec all oh, I love it 529 00:35:13,480 --> 00:35:17,520 Speaker 1: after Quebec, and they've been able to synthesize it, which 530 00:35:17,600 --> 00:35:19,719 Speaker 1: is extra great because that way you don't have to 531 00:35:20,360 --> 00:35:23,720 Speaker 1: take large amounts of maple syrup to get this compound 532 00:35:23,719 --> 00:35:26,879 Speaker 1: out of uh. Yeah, and more research is needed, more 533 00:35:26,920 --> 00:35:32,320 Speaker 1: work is needed, but potentially really amazing. Yeah, and there's 534 00:35:32,360 --> 00:35:36,240 Speaker 1: more more. Yes. Quebec All and a few other compounds 535 00:35:36,239 --> 00:35:39,040 Speaker 1: in maple syrup have been found to inhibit the growth 536 00:35:39,080 --> 00:35:43,480 Speaker 1: of some cancer cells and to boost the effectiveness of antibiotics. 537 00:35:44,040 --> 00:35:48,920 Speaker 1: And the higher grade syrups, the darkest ones typically harvested 538 00:35:49,160 --> 00:35:51,840 Speaker 1: later in the year, as the maple trees start to 539 00:35:51,880 --> 00:35:54,760 Speaker 1: prepare for their new growing season, they have the most 540 00:35:55,040 --> 00:35:58,879 Speaker 1: of these compounds in them. Interesting, which does not mean 541 00:35:58,920 --> 00:36:01,319 Speaker 1: that you should just go out and dousing everything in 542 00:36:01,360 --> 00:36:04,399 Speaker 1: the most expensive maple syrup that you can find, no um. 543 00:36:04,400 --> 00:36:06,320 Speaker 1: But it does mean that in like five or ten years, 544 00:36:06,440 --> 00:36:09,760 Speaker 1: treatments that use extracts of maple syrup may be helping 545 00:36:09,840 --> 00:36:14,000 Speaker 1: us all stay healthier. That's cool, Thanks maple syrup. Thank 546 00:36:14,080 --> 00:36:19,000 Speaker 1: you maple syrup. Just using you on pancakes, but all alone, 547 00:36:19,400 --> 00:36:23,520 Speaker 1: we've had our health in mind. It kind of reminds 548 00:36:23,560 --> 00:36:26,840 Speaker 1: me of honey a little bit. Oh yeah, yeah. It's 549 00:36:27,960 --> 00:36:31,200 Speaker 1: stuff that plants bank is good for us sometimes sometimes, 550 00:36:31,280 --> 00:36:35,759 Speaker 1: and stuff that bees vomit is good for us sometimes too. Sometimes. 551 00:36:37,160 --> 00:36:46,200 Speaker 1: You heard it here first, And this brings us to 552 00:36:46,320 --> 00:36:48,719 Speaker 1: the end of this classic episode. We hope that you 553 00:36:48,840 --> 00:36:51,759 Speaker 1: enjoyed it as much as we enjoyed doing it and 554 00:36:51,880 --> 00:36:55,160 Speaker 1: revisiting it. Maybe you get to hear from clone Anny, 555 00:36:55,200 --> 00:36:58,360 Speaker 1: who knows. I don't like to think about what she 556 00:36:58,400 --> 00:37:02,680 Speaker 1: could be up to right Maybe she's had maple syrup. 557 00:37:03,080 --> 00:37:06,080 Speaker 1: Maybe she has. We have had some of some of 558 00:37:06,160 --> 00:37:09,960 Speaker 1: y'all lovely listeners sent us some some maple sugar candy 559 00:37:10,200 --> 00:37:13,560 Speaker 1: and like a can of really high quality maple syrup, 560 00:37:14,320 --> 00:37:18,120 Speaker 1: and I think Annie, you haven't gotten any of that. 561 00:37:18,200 --> 00:37:20,040 Speaker 1: I think the can is still sitting in my cupboard. 562 00:37:23,880 --> 00:37:26,560 Speaker 1: Especially these last like you know, two and a half 563 00:37:26,600 --> 00:37:30,360 Speaker 1: three years that have been pandemic, E have really cut 564 00:37:30,400 --> 00:37:33,600 Speaker 1: down in the number of wacky food parties that we've had. 565 00:37:33,920 --> 00:37:37,440 Speaker 1: So it's true, but we have an epic one that 566 00:37:37,480 --> 00:37:42,440 Speaker 1: we're weaving together that's becoming more and more unwieldy. But 567 00:37:44,400 --> 00:37:50,600 Speaker 1: I'm excited and nervous as well. You should be, thank you, 568 00:37:51,080 --> 00:37:55,600 Speaker 1: and you also you're welcome. I don't know, um well Listeners. 569 00:37:55,880 --> 00:37:58,359 Speaker 1: As always, if you would like to contact us, if 570 00:37:58,360 --> 00:38:03,600 Speaker 1: you've done anything with a maple syrup during this pandemic time, gosh, 571 00:38:03,800 --> 00:38:05,800 Speaker 1: please let us know. You can email us at Hello 572 00:38:05,880 --> 00:38:08,560 Speaker 1: at saver pod dot com. We're also on social media. 573 00:38:08,600 --> 00:38:11,480 Speaker 1: You can find us on Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram at 574 00:38:11,520 --> 00:38:13,440 Speaker 1: saver pod and we do hope to hear from you. 575 00:38:13,920 --> 00:38:16,560 Speaker 1: Saver is production of My Heart Radio. For more podcasts 576 00:38:16,560 --> 00:38:18,319 Speaker 1: from my Heart Radio, you can visit the I Heart 577 00:38:18,360 --> 00:38:20,960 Speaker 1: Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your 578 00:38:20,960 --> 00:38:24,000 Speaker 1: favorite shows. Thanks as always to our super producers Dylan 579 00:38:24,000 --> 00:38:26,520 Speaker 1: Fagan and Andrew Howard. Thanks to you for listening, and 580 00:38:26,560 --> 00:38:34,840 Speaker 1: we hope that lots more good things are coming your way. Hello, 581 00:38:34,880 --> 00:38:37,200 Speaker 1: and welcome to the podcast. I'm Annie Reese and I'm 582 00:38:37,239 --> 00:38:44,640 Speaker 1: Annie Reese, and today on food Stuff, we're trying an experiment. Um. Well, Dylan, 583 00:38:44,760 --> 00:38:47,919 Speaker 1: I are super producer. Dylan. Um, we've been talking about 584 00:38:48,000 --> 00:38:53,040 Speaker 1: cloning and uh, well I figured it out. So there 585 00:38:53,040 --> 00:38:56,960 Speaker 1: are two Annie's in the studio now. It is weird. 586 00:38:57,000 --> 00:39:00,080 Speaker 1: I'm trying to like not freak out about it. We 587 00:39:00,120 --> 00:39:04,960 Speaker 1: haven't told the scientific community or anything because, um, I 588 00:39:04,960 --> 00:39:07,439 Speaker 1: don't know. It feels like it feels like it could 589 00:39:07,440 --> 00:39:11,040 Speaker 1: be used for evil, don't you think, Anny? Yeah? Yeah, 590 00:39:11,239 --> 00:39:14,440 Speaker 1: I mean, don't get me wrong. I appreciate that I 591 00:39:14,680 --> 00:39:19,800 Speaker 1: um that I exist, but I mean yesterday I was nothing, 592 00:39:19,840 --> 00:39:25,040 Speaker 1: and now I'm a twenty nine year old woman who's 593 00:39:25,040 --> 00:39:30,319 Speaker 1: just always hungry, and I'm not, like, I'm not sure 594 00:39:30,360 --> 00:39:33,480 Speaker 1: what to do or what any of this all means. Yeah, 595 00:39:33,520 --> 00:39:36,680 Speaker 1: I think we all feel that way. It's well, I mean, 596 00:39:36,680 --> 00:39:39,080 Speaker 1: you're only a day old right now, so yeah, you're 597 00:39:39,080 --> 00:39:41,680 Speaker 1: just gonna have to get used to it. Um. And 598 00:39:41,719 --> 00:39:44,840 Speaker 1: the way that I do that is by eating a 599 00:39:44,840 --> 00:39:51,360 Speaker 1: lot of food and drinking taking a lot of beer wine. Um, 600 00:39:51,560 --> 00:39:53,759 Speaker 1: I read a lot too. I mean, you find things 601 00:39:53,760 --> 00:39:56,640 Speaker 1: to distract yourself, I suppose. But anyway, just try not 602 00:39:56,719 --> 00:40:01,080 Speaker 1: to like be too weirded out by this whole situation. Okay, 603 00:40:01,400 --> 00:40:05,680 Speaker 1: Lauren will be back later because she's really busy and 604 00:40:05,800 --> 00:40:08,799 Speaker 1: um we needed a quick fix, so it's too an 605 00:40:08,840 --> 00:40:16,040 Speaker 1: easy day and we're going to talk about maple syrup. Unfortunately, UM, 606 00:40:16,080 --> 00:40:19,000 Speaker 1: I was really counting on having Lauren here for this 607 00:40:19,320 --> 00:40:23,839 Speaker 1: because I've actually never had a real maple syrup, and 608 00:40:24,000 --> 00:40:30,040 Speaker 1: neither of you. Clearly she's only existed for one day. Um. Oh, man, 609 00:40:30,080 --> 00:40:32,640 Speaker 1: I gotta say it. It's so strange because like, if you, 610 00:40:33,920 --> 00:40:36,640 Speaker 1: I'm worried, I'm going to be very very jealous of 611 00:40:36,800 --> 00:40:39,520 Speaker 1: like the life that you get up to. Maybe you're 612 00:40:39,560 --> 00:40:41,839 Speaker 1: going to try maple syrup before me, and that's gonna 613 00:40:41,840 --> 00:40:46,759 Speaker 1: be really upsetting, and I also just a dynamic we're 614 00:40:46,760 --> 00:40:50,920 Speaker 1: gonna have. Liken'll be honest, I'm always going to see 615 00:40:50,960 --> 00:40:53,040 Speaker 1: you a bit different because you're you're like you might 616 00:40:53,040 --> 00:40:55,880 Speaker 1: be twenty nine, but you don't have to lived experience 617 00:40:55,920 --> 00:40:58,759 Speaker 1: that I do. So it's like you're a child. It's 618 00:40:58,800 --> 00:41:01,200 Speaker 1: so strange anyway back in maple syrup. I'm so sorry. 619 00:41:01,960 --> 00:41:09,640 Speaker 1: M I think I think what would be best is, um, 620 00:41:09,680 --> 00:41:11,040 Speaker 1: maybe we should wait for Lauren