1 00:00:00,160 --> 00:00:04,279 Speaker 1: This story contains adult content and language. Listener discretion is advised. 2 00:00:09,520 --> 00:00:13,880 Speaker 2: Burke and Hare never robbed Graves. The first victim happened 3 00:00:13,920 --> 00:00:17,160 Speaker 2: to die in Hare's boarding house, and after that they 4 00:00:17,200 --> 00:00:18,760 Speaker 2: went straight to murdering people. 5 00:00:19,079 --> 00:00:20,079 Speaker 1: No middleman here. 6 00:00:20,120 --> 00:00:21,720 Speaker 2: I mean, why robed Graves? It's a lot easier to 7 00:00:21,760 --> 00:00:22,320 Speaker 2: kill people? 8 00:00:23,040 --> 00:00:24,680 Speaker 1: Is it easier to kill people? 9 00:00:25,079 --> 00:00:26,800 Speaker 2: Even robbing a grave? You've got to dig a six 10 00:00:26,880 --> 00:00:27,960 Speaker 2: foot hole through the mud. 11 00:00:31,920 --> 00:00:34,680 Speaker 1: It was now the beginning of eighteen twenty eight, just 12 00:00:34,720 --> 00:00:38,479 Speaker 1: a month or two after Old Donald had finally become useful. 13 00:00:39,280 --> 00:00:42,160 Speaker 1: Doctor Robert Knox had paid William Burke and William Hare 14 00:00:42,240 --> 00:00:46,519 Speaker 1: almost eight pounds for his body. That was nine months 15 00:00:46,600 --> 00:00:51,640 Speaker 1: worth of wages for them both. It was a windfall. 16 00:00:51,720 --> 00:00:56,120 Speaker 1: And now Hair might have another fortuitous opportunity for tudis 17 00:00:56,160 --> 00:01:00,400 Speaker 1: for him. A man with a horrible fever, someone named 18 00:01:00,560 --> 00:01:04,520 Speaker 1: Joseph the Miller, was staying in his lodge. Investigators never 19 00:01:04,560 --> 00:01:07,120 Speaker 1: really learned the names of most of the victims. They 20 00:01:07,120 --> 00:01:13,760 Speaker 1: were anonymous. The most vulnerable people in Old Town. In 21 00:01:13,800 --> 00:01:17,040 Speaker 1: the early eighteen hundreds, the Scottish government was very concerned 22 00:01:17,040 --> 00:01:19,120 Speaker 1: about infectious diseases like cholera. 23 00:01:19,600 --> 00:01:23,000 Speaker 3: There was considerable likelihood of a colorda epidemic happening in Edinburgh, 24 00:01:23,120 --> 00:01:26,120 Speaker 3: and indeed there was one across all Britain in eighteen 25 00:01:26,160 --> 00:01:30,199 Speaker 3: thirty one to a couple of years later. So any house, 26 00:01:30,360 --> 00:01:34,200 Speaker 3: rest house, or whatever where people might happen to be 27 00:01:34,560 --> 00:01:37,039 Speaker 3: who are suffering from and above all dying of inspected 28 00:01:37,120 --> 00:01:39,760 Speaker 3: diseases should be closed down. Who were not allowed to 29 00:01:39,760 --> 00:01:42,080 Speaker 3: have any other lodgers there are indeed remained there yourself. 30 00:01:42,440 --> 00:01:45,960 Speaker 3: The very property which Margaret hare had edited from her 31 00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:47,920 Speaker 3: previous husband would be forfeit. 32 00:01:49,520 --> 00:01:51,960 Speaker 1: So when someone turned up ill at a boarding house, 33 00:01:52,400 --> 00:01:55,880 Speaker 1: the business was usually shuttered and the owners were forced 34 00:01:55,880 --> 00:01:59,600 Speaker 1: to move out. Historian Owen Dudley Edwards says that William 35 00:01:59,600 --> 00:02:02,520 Speaker 1: hare Wold determined not to let that happen. 36 00:02:03,080 --> 00:02:05,840 Speaker 3: Here was the man dying, and there was Burke, and 37 00:02:05,880 --> 00:02:08,400 Speaker 3: there was Hair looking at the man, and if the 38 00:02:08,440 --> 00:02:12,560 Speaker 3: man would only die quick, they could always get rid 39 00:02:12,680 --> 00:02:13,560 Speaker 3: of the body. 40 00:02:15,480 --> 00:02:19,640 Speaker 1: As Joseph's condition worsened, Hair became frantic. He turned to 41 00:02:19,639 --> 00:02:22,639 Speaker 1: William Burke for help. The men stood over Joseph as 42 00:02:22,680 --> 00:02:25,960 Speaker 1: he lay there with his eyes closed. Janet Philips says 43 00:02:26,240 --> 00:02:29,640 Speaker 1: this is when their journey as serial killers began with 44 00:02:29,800 --> 00:02:30,680 Speaker 1: self preservation. 45 00:02:32,560 --> 00:02:36,280 Speaker 2: Joe was sick and in the boarding house, and Hair 46 00:02:36,360 --> 00:02:39,080 Speaker 2: didn't want the idea that there was sickness in his 47 00:02:39,160 --> 00:02:42,680 Speaker 2: boarding house getting out, and so they helped him over 48 00:02:42,720 --> 00:02:43,240 Speaker 2: the edge. 49 00:02:44,800 --> 00:02:47,079 Speaker 1: Rather than taking the chance of the boarding house being 50 00:02:47,120 --> 00:02:52,720 Speaker 1: shut down, they took a pillow and smothered him. Now 51 00:02:52,760 --> 00:02:55,799 Speaker 1: they were murderers, after. 52 00:02:55,600 --> 00:02:58,400 Speaker 3: All, don't forget the motor for killing him wasn't one 53 00:02:58,440 --> 00:03:01,079 Speaker 3: of gain, primarily was one of fear. 54 00:03:01,480 --> 00:03:03,119 Speaker 1: And of course money was helpful too. 55 00:03:04,080 --> 00:03:06,320 Speaker 2: The anatomists were paying eight to ten pounds per body, 56 00:03:06,480 --> 00:03:09,400 Speaker 2: so eight to ten pounds, and Hay was getting three 57 00:03:09,520 --> 00:03:12,440 Speaker 2: p for people sleeping in his boarding house. If you 58 00:03:12,520 --> 00:03:14,920 Speaker 2: get away with the first time and you've made that 59 00:03:14,960 --> 00:03:18,079 Speaker 2: amount of money, the temptation to do it again must 60 00:03:18,120 --> 00:03:18,800 Speaker 2: be overwhelming. 61 00:03:19,800 --> 00:03:22,960 Speaker 1: Burke and Hare shoved Joseph the Miller into a tea chest. 62 00:03:23,840 --> 00:03:26,320 Speaker 1: They carried him down to Surgeons Square late at night. 63 00:03:27,120 --> 00:03:31,359 Speaker 1: Doctor Knox's assistant surveyed the corpse and handed them ten pounds, 64 00:03:31,639 --> 00:03:34,000 Speaker 1: about two pounds more than they were offered for Old 65 00:03:34,040 --> 00:03:37,640 Speaker 1: Donald and doctor Knox had no reason to be suspicious 66 00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:42,360 Speaker 1: with this body. Joseph was clearly ill, and there were 67 00:03:42,400 --> 00:03:46,200 Speaker 1: no suspicious marks on him, no self defense wounds by 68 00:03:46,280 --> 00:03:49,800 Speaker 1: now Burke's common law wife Helen McDougall and Hair's wife 69 00:03:49,800 --> 00:03:53,520 Speaker 1: Margaret both knew and both were willing to help. Though 70 00:03:53,520 --> 00:03:56,720 Speaker 1: the whole thing did make Nellie McDougall a bit nervous. 71 00:03:57,160 --> 00:04:00,200 Speaker 1: The Hairs were too volatile for her, especially when they 72 00:04:00,240 --> 00:04:05,240 Speaker 1: drink too much. They fought so violently, but it was 73 00:04:05,280 --> 00:04:08,360 Speaker 1: an incredible amount of money to pass up. And now 74 00:04:08,680 --> 00:04:12,680 Speaker 1: Burke and Hare were in business together, so. 75 00:04:12,720 --> 00:04:14,680 Speaker 2: You could see that having been presented with a really 76 00:04:14,720 --> 00:04:17,880 Speaker 2: easy way to make money, that's what they did. 77 00:04:18,040 --> 00:04:20,080 Speaker 1: Doesn't that seem like a jump to you to go 78 00:04:20,160 --> 00:04:22,800 Speaker 1: from puling a dead body down and a teach us 79 00:04:22,880 --> 00:04:25,120 Speaker 1: to killing people that they've lured off the street. 80 00:04:26,160 --> 00:04:29,159 Speaker 2: See, there's a progression in the methods they used. You 81 00:04:29,200 --> 00:04:32,120 Speaker 2: can argue it's not very good moral argument that it 82 00:04:32,160 --> 00:04:34,400 Speaker 2: is better to kill someone who's sick than to kill 83 00:04:34,440 --> 00:04:35,039 Speaker 2: someone who's not. 84 00:04:36,640 --> 00:04:39,480 Speaker 1: But just like other prolific serial killers, Burke and Hare 85 00:04:39,480 --> 00:04:43,120 Speaker 1: were savvy. They made sure to select the right victims. 86 00:04:45,040 --> 00:04:47,920 Speaker 1: Edinburgh was a transitory city in the early eighteen hundreds. 87 00:04:48,200 --> 00:04:51,200 Speaker 1: Visitors came and went constantly, and many of those people 88 00:04:51,279 --> 00:04:55,440 Speaker 1: had no ties to the community. They were anonymous, the 89 00:04:55,520 --> 00:05:02,039 Speaker 1: perfect victims. There is still some debate of the order 90 00:05:02,040 --> 00:05:04,200 Speaker 1: of the murders, and you'll find out why a bit 91 00:05:04,320 --> 00:05:07,159 Speaker 1: later on. So I'm listing them in the order that 92 00:05:07,200 --> 00:05:10,279 Speaker 1: seems the most reliable, with the help of author Janet Philp. 93 00:05:13,080 --> 00:05:16,760 Speaker 1: Abigail Simpson was once a salt cellar, but by early 94 00:05:16,800 --> 00:05:20,239 Speaker 1: eighteen twenty eight she was an old, lonely woman visiting 95 00:05:20,279 --> 00:05:25,200 Speaker 1: the city in frigid February to beg William and Margaret 96 00:05:25,200 --> 00:05:28,039 Speaker 1: Hare invited her into their warm parlor with an offer 97 00:05:28,080 --> 00:05:31,200 Speaker 1: of a glass of whiskey. Although they didn't tell Abigail 98 00:05:31,240 --> 00:05:34,280 Speaker 1: that they were married, she must have felt a bit 99 00:05:34,320 --> 00:05:38,360 Speaker 1: more secure with another woman around. Hair smiled at her 100 00:05:38,400 --> 00:05:40,640 Speaker 1: as she drank her dram and talked about her pretty 101 00:05:40,680 --> 00:05:44,279 Speaker 1: young daughter. He could tell that she was vulnerable. He 102 00:05:44,320 --> 00:05:48,120 Speaker 1: poured more whiskey for them both. She was slurring her words, 103 00:05:48,320 --> 00:05:51,240 Speaker 1: but Hair seemed sober, even if he wasn't. 104 00:05:51,839 --> 00:05:55,480 Speaker 2: Burke and Hair drunk people under the table. They were 105 00:05:55,520 --> 00:05:57,520 Speaker 2: very good at it. They used to drink half pint 106 00:05:57,520 --> 00:05:58,960 Speaker 2: of whiskey for breakfast. 107 00:05:59,320 --> 00:06:03,760 Speaker 1: Normally, Hair sat by the fire and smiled. He told 108 00:06:03,760 --> 00:06:06,960 Speaker 1: Abigail that he could propose marriage to her daughter that 109 00:06:07,080 --> 00:06:09,719 Speaker 1: he had money. I know that might have seemed rash 110 00:06:09,760 --> 00:06:12,880 Speaker 1: after just a brief encounter, but for a desperate woman 111 00:06:13,000 --> 00:06:16,480 Speaker 1: carrying just a few pence, it was really welcome news. 112 00:06:17,279 --> 00:06:19,679 Speaker 1: Hair saw she could barely sit up. At this point, 113 00:06:20,200 --> 00:06:23,640 Speaker 1: he suggested that the old woman spend the night. Abigail 114 00:06:23,720 --> 00:06:26,320 Speaker 1: passed out, and the next morning she began to vomit. 115 00:06:27,680 --> 00:06:31,200 Speaker 1: Burkenhair hovered over her. They gave her more whiskey. She 116 00:06:31,279 --> 00:06:34,559 Speaker 1: picked up a bottle of Porter type of beer. Soon 117 00:06:34,640 --> 00:06:38,800 Speaker 1: she was passed out. Now comes the twist. One of 118 00:06:38,800 --> 00:06:42,080 Speaker 1: the reasons why William Burke is infamous. It's the reason 119 00:06:42,120 --> 00:06:44,560 Speaker 1: why his last name is in the dictionary. 120 00:06:45,400 --> 00:06:49,080 Speaker 2: Seriously, they smothered them by holding their mouth shut and 121 00:06:49,120 --> 00:06:52,600 Speaker 2: pinching their nose. The other one lay across them to 122 00:06:52,640 --> 00:06:54,520 Speaker 2: stop them breathing in and struggling. 123 00:06:54,800 --> 00:06:58,120 Speaker 1: It was named Burking after William Burke. The entry in 124 00:06:58,160 --> 00:07:02,320 Speaker 1: Webster says burking is vote to murder as by suffocation, 125 00:07:02,800 --> 00:07:05,400 Speaker 1: so as to leave no or few marks of violence. 126 00:07:06,080 --> 00:07:08,640 Speaker 1: It's the method of murder they would use from now on, 127 00:07:09,160 --> 00:07:11,920 Speaker 1: and it was such an effective method that even forensic 128 00:07:11,960 --> 00:07:14,840 Speaker 1: scientists today would struggle to prove it was murder and 129 00:07:14,880 --> 00:07:16,240 Speaker 1: not alcohol poisoning. 130 00:07:17,080 --> 00:07:20,080 Speaker 2: So when these victims came in to the anatomy schools, 131 00:07:20,120 --> 00:07:22,840 Speaker 2: there were no signs on them. So the chance of 132 00:07:23,120 --> 00:07:27,120 Speaker 2: a doctor recognizing a murder victim murdered the way Berkenheer 133 00:07:27,120 --> 00:07:28,640 Speaker 2: had done it, it's pretty slim. 134 00:07:28,880 --> 00:07:32,440 Speaker 1: Abigail Simpson had hoped that William Hare would marry her daughter, 135 00:07:32,800 --> 00:07:39,000 Speaker 1: that he would rescue them both from poverty. Instead, he 136 00:07:39,080 --> 00:07:42,000 Speaker 1: killed the old woman, loaded her into a tea chest, 137 00:07:42,400 --> 00:07:45,560 Speaker 1: and carried her down to doctor Robert Knox's lab, all 138 00:07:45,600 --> 00:07:50,280 Speaker 1: in less than twenty four hours. The ananimous commented on 139 00:07:50,360 --> 00:07:53,800 Speaker 1: how fresh the corpse was, and he paid them ten pounds. 140 00:07:54,320 --> 00:07:58,320 Speaker 1: Now they were murdering perfectly healthy people, luring them off 141 00:07:58,320 --> 00:08:02,960 Speaker 1: the street. Work and hair were wealthy, and doctor Knox 142 00:08:03,120 --> 00:08:03,880 Speaker 1: was their employer. 143 00:08:05,200 --> 00:08:07,400 Speaker 2: It doesn't matter where the bodies come from, and at 144 00:08:07,400 --> 00:08:10,880 Speaker 2: that point he crosses that line, and to the general public, 145 00:08:11,040 --> 00:08:13,200 Speaker 2: it does matter where these bodies come from. 146 00:08:15,080 --> 00:08:19,120 Speaker 1: Doctor Knox's business was thriving. He was outshining his competition. 147 00:08:19,680 --> 00:08:22,360 Speaker 1: He was also the curator of the new Museum of 148 00:08:22,400 --> 00:08:25,600 Speaker 1: Anatomy and Pathology at the Museum of the College of 149 00:08:25,640 --> 00:08:30,280 Speaker 1: Surgeons in Edinburgh. It was a sprawling collection of impressive 150 00:08:30,280 --> 00:08:37,640 Speaker 1: skulls and bones and body parts that wowed visitors. Meanwhile, 151 00:08:37,760 --> 00:08:41,240 Speaker 1: Hair's boarding house hosted a stream of lodgers that spring 152 00:08:41,240 --> 00:08:44,959 Speaker 1: of eighteen twenty eight. It was the perfect trap. They 153 00:08:45,040 --> 00:08:48,559 Speaker 1: killed a forty year old englishman from Cheshire who had jaundice. 154 00:08:49,600 --> 00:08:53,000 Speaker 3: He was still alive and dying, so they seemed to 155 00:08:53,040 --> 00:08:57,840 Speaker 3: have put pillows over him. He was certainly virtually unconscious 156 00:08:57,880 --> 00:09:01,120 Speaker 3: of the time. As far as we can gather, they. 157 00:09:01,080 --> 00:09:04,640 Speaker 1: Didn't bother to learn his name. Doctor Knox paid ten 158 00:09:04,720 --> 00:09:06,080 Speaker 1: pounds for his body. 159 00:09:07,320 --> 00:09:10,600 Speaker 3: In the meantime, they perfected their method, which was to 160 00:09:10,640 --> 00:09:16,239 Speaker 3: invite strolling people who had no obvious associates or relatives 161 00:09:16,280 --> 00:09:19,520 Speaker 3: to drop in for a friendly drink and a party. 162 00:09:21,520 --> 00:09:24,319 Speaker 1: Margaret Hare lured an old woman off the street one 163 00:09:24,320 --> 00:09:27,560 Speaker 1: afternoon with cheap whiskey. They didn't know her name either. 164 00:09:28,559 --> 00:09:30,640 Speaker 1: This was a pretty bold change because she did it 165 00:09:30,679 --> 00:09:33,800 Speaker 1: by herself. William Hare was working on the boats on 166 00:09:33,800 --> 00:09:36,320 Speaker 1: the canal and Burke was mending shoes in the cellar. 167 00:09:38,360 --> 00:09:41,680 Speaker 1: Margaret Hare gave the woman alcohol all night, but she 168 00:09:41,720 --> 00:09:44,880 Speaker 1: wouldn't go to sleep, so Margaret kept luring her to 169 00:09:44,880 --> 00:09:48,240 Speaker 1: bed with more whiskey. When Hare arrived home for dinner, 170 00:09:48,360 --> 00:09:51,720 Speaker 1: there was a strange woman in his room. She was 171 00:09:51,760 --> 00:09:55,000 Speaker 1: so drunk that she couldn't move. He placed some heavy 172 00:09:55,000 --> 00:09:58,480 Speaker 1: bedding over her nose and mouth. The next morning she 173 00:09:58,679 --> 00:10:02,040 Speaker 1: was dead. Hair and Burke carried her body down to Newtown. 174 00:10:02,440 --> 00:10:05,920 Speaker 1: That earned them another ten pounds. Now they needed a 175 00:10:05,960 --> 00:10:09,160 Speaker 1: business plan, or at least an agreement on how to 176 00:10:09,160 --> 00:10:12,600 Speaker 1: split the profits, so they settled on this. Hair would 177 00:10:12,600 --> 00:10:15,199 Speaker 1: take five pounds, his wife would take one pound because 178 00:10:15,240 --> 00:10:17,840 Speaker 1: she owned the lodge, and Burke would be left with 179 00:10:17,920 --> 00:10:22,480 Speaker 1: four pounds. Robert Knox was pleased. He needed about five 180 00:10:22,559 --> 00:10:25,600 Speaker 1: hundred bodies a year for his anatomy classes, and William 181 00:10:25,600 --> 00:10:32,160 Speaker 1: Burke and William Hare were becoming steady suppliers. We know 182 00:10:32,320 --> 00:10:35,240 Speaker 1: why doctor Knox and other anatomists in eighteen twenty eight 183 00:10:35,320 --> 00:10:39,719 Speaker 1: received very few bodies. Legally, only executed criminals could be 184 00:10:39,800 --> 00:10:43,880 Speaker 1: used in anatomy labs. Even today, many medical schools around 185 00:10:43,880 --> 00:10:46,840 Speaker 1: the world still struggle with a lack of donated bodies, 186 00:10:47,080 --> 00:10:51,720 Speaker 1: especially those schools with less resources. A traditional cadaver based 187 00:10:51,760 --> 00:10:56,040 Speaker 1: anatomy lab would cost millions of dollars to build, comes 188 00:10:57,320 --> 00:11:00,680 Speaker 1: so without a large supply of cadavers, most American and 189 00:11:00,720 --> 00:11:04,280 Speaker 1: European educators have to be creative with how they teach 190 00:11:04,320 --> 00:11:07,760 Speaker 1: an increasing number of medical students, and curriculum at medical 191 00:11:07,760 --> 00:11:11,000 Speaker 1: schools around the world has changed over the last few decades. 192 00:11:11,880 --> 00:11:15,439 Speaker 1: Dissection has become less important because there are so many 193 00:11:15,520 --> 00:11:20,040 Speaker 1: other specialties to consider. Doctor Tom Gillingwater at the University 194 00:11:20,040 --> 00:11:24,040 Speaker 1: of Edinburgh says that decision has had deadly consequences. 195 00:11:25,080 --> 00:11:27,760 Speaker 4: A young doctor was asked to introbate a patient and 196 00:11:27,880 --> 00:11:30,120 Speaker 4: essentially put a tube go down into the airway into 197 00:11:30,160 --> 00:11:35,040 Speaker 4: the trikia and immediately behind the tracheas the esophagus should 198 00:11:35,040 --> 00:11:37,560 Speaker 4: go down to your stomach, and the tube was put 199 00:11:37,559 --> 00:11:42,119 Speaker 4: into the wrong too. The patient died. The student complained 200 00:11:42,360 --> 00:11:44,680 Speaker 4: and made the case that I was never taught that 201 00:11:44,880 --> 00:11:48,120 Speaker 4: the wind partner trikia is in front of the esophagus, 202 00:11:48,200 --> 00:11:51,120 Speaker 4: so you can't blame me. I wasn't taught that simple 203 00:11:51,160 --> 00:11:55,240 Speaker 4: example of where just some basic anatomical knowledge would have 204 00:11:55,440 --> 00:11:56,600 Speaker 4: changed that whole situation. 205 00:11:57,240 --> 00:12:01,360 Speaker 1: Doctor Gillingwater says that current stand for teaching anatomy at 206 00:12:01,360 --> 00:12:05,200 Speaker 1: schools around the world just aren't high enough. He's worried 207 00:12:05,200 --> 00:12:08,040 Speaker 1: about future doctors and their patients. 208 00:12:08,559 --> 00:12:12,080 Speaker 4: I know that there are students that can graduate from 209 00:12:12,200 --> 00:12:15,599 Speaker 4: universities having never worked on a cadava. There are a 210 00:12:15,640 --> 00:12:18,160 Speaker 4: couple of medical schools that do teach with models and 211 00:12:18,400 --> 00:12:21,840 Speaker 4: virtual reality, or who can graduate having failed all their 212 00:12:21,880 --> 00:12:24,720 Speaker 4: anatomy exams because it's not a key element of what 213 00:12:24,720 --> 00:12:25,839 Speaker 4: you have to pass. 214 00:12:26,240 --> 00:12:30,320 Speaker 1: The University of Edinburgh now uses something called an anatomage table, 215 00:12:30,720 --> 00:12:34,800 Speaker 1: a virtual dissection table holding a virtual cadaver. It's another 216 00:12:34,840 --> 00:12:37,719 Speaker 1: tool in the school's tool belt. Ian Campbell is the 217 00:12:37,800 --> 00:12:41,760 Speaker 1: university's anatomy Manager. He is responsible for the facilities and 218 00:12:41,800 --> 00:12:44,720 Speaker 1: resources that support the school's anatomy teaching. 219 00:12:45,200 --> 00:12:49,839 Speaker 5: It's basically just a big epad in a way, we've 220 00:12:49,880 --> 00:12:53,959 Speaker 5: got mail kadava. The things we can do with this 221 00:12:54,520 --> 00:12:59,040 Speaker 5: we can move it, can turn it. And what are 222 00:12:59,040 --> 00:13:02,520 Speaker 5: we looking at here is su is a sagatal section 223 00:13:02,760 --> 00:13:07,280 Speaker 5: of a body, taking down the spine and then on 224 00:13:07,320 --> 00:13:10,200 Speaker 5: the other parts you have a whole body section which 225 00:13:10,280 --> 00:13:13,520 Speaker 5: is showing every compartment and at the bottom here you've 226 00:13:13,600 --> 00:13:16,080 Speaker 5: just got with the legs again. You can move that 227 00:13:16,280 --> 00:13:18,280 Speaker 5: up into any section, so you've. 228 00:13:18,160 --> 00:13:20,800 Speaker 1: Sort of taken a knife and cut across. 229 00:13:20,920 --> 00:13:24,559 Speaker 5: Basically, yeah, you've taken a virtual scalpel, you can cut 230 00:13:24,640 --> 00:13:25,920 Speaker 5: through anywhere on the body. 231 00:13:26,640 --> 00:13:29,520 Speaker 1: It's a useful resource for anatomy schools because it's like 232 00:13:29,600 --> 00:13:32,560 Speaker 1: having a live dissection in each lab session, and that's 233 00:13:32,640 --> 00:13:35,400 Speaker 1: just not possible given the lack of cadavers at most 234 00:13:35,440 --> 00:13:39,400 Speaker 1: medical universities in the world. But it's not as helpful as. 235 00:13:39,240 --> 00:13:39,920 Speaker 3: You might think. 236 00:13:40,679 --> 00:13:43,200 Speaker 1: The image stays the same each time you use it, 237 00:13:43,360 --> 00:13:47,520 Speaker 1: there's no variation, but the human body has so many variations. 238 00:13:47,640 --> 00:13:51,280 Speaker 1: A young surgeon needs to experience all types of variations 239 00:13:51,280 --> 00:13:53,400 Speaker 1: on a cadaver to be able to react in the 240 00:13:53,400 --> 00:13:57,800 Speaker 1: operating room on a live patient. Malcolm McCollum says that 241 00:13:57,920 --> 00:14:01,640 Speaker 1: depending on three D cadavers is dangerous for everyone and 242 00:14:01,720 --> 00:14:03,160 Speaker 1: some medical schools do. 243 00:14:03,440 --> 00:14:05,319 Speaker 6: Would you like a pilot landing plane. He's only done 244 00:14:05,320 --> 00:14:07,719 Speaker 6: it on a computer game. You still need to get 245 00:14:07,760 --> 00:14:11,560 Speaker 6: down to the actual quite like the guts of the matter. 246 00:14:11,800 --> 00:14:13,360 Speaker 6: So you need to know what an organ, the texture 247 00:14:13,360 --> 00:14:15,200 Speaker 6: of an organ is, and how heavy is your heart, 248 00:14:15,240 --> 00:14:17,120 Speaker 6: what are the smells that come out when you open 249 00:14:17,200 --> 00:14:18,200 Speaker 6: up a body, of things like that. 250 00:14:19,760 --> 00:14:22,720 Speaker 1: In eighteen twenty eight, doctor Robert Knox wasn't thinking of 251 00:14:22,760 --> 00:14:26,160 Speaker 1: the bodies on his exam table as people. They were 252 00:14:26,280 --> 00:14:29,720 Speaker 1: subjects a means to an end, sort of like martyrs 253 00:14:29,760 --> 00:14:33,440 Speaker 1: for the greater good, and that haughty attitude would follow 254 00:14:33,520 --> 00:14:36,040 Speaker 1: him for the rest of his life. In the years 255 00:14:36,040 --> 00:14:39,760 Speaker 1: to come, his story would become fodder for authors and 256 00:14:39,840 --> 00:14:42,600 Speaker 1: filmmakers and even children on the playground. 257 00:14:44,520 --> 00:14:51,520 Speaker 7: Up the close sdoom, the stair bendle swiberken hair barks, 258 00:14:51,600 --> 00:14:57,400 Speaker 7: the butcher hair's, the thief knocks, the boy who buys 259 00:14:57,480 --> 00:14:58,040 Speaker 7: the beef. 260 00:15:14,720 --> 00:15:17,400 Speaker 1: Janet Brown trudged along one of the wet streets of 261 00:15:17,440 --> 00:15:21,360 Speaker 1: Old Town on what was for her a horrible morning. 262 00:15:22,200 --> 00:15:24,720 Speaker 1: It was Wednesday, April ninth, and she was just trying 263 00:15:24,720 --> 00:15:30,000 Speaker 1: to recuperate from a night of drunken debauchery. The twenty 264 00:15:30,040 --> 00:15:33,560 Speaker 1: five year old was exhausted from an intoxicant filled night 265 00:15:33,640 --> 00:15:37,480 Speaker 1: of carousing and careening through the streets. Bellisa picked her 266 00:15:37,600 --> 00:15:40,160 Speaker 1: up and kindly escorted her and her girlfriend to the 267 00:15:40,160 --> 00:15:43,000 Speaker 1: safe haven of the Canongate Police Office for the night. 268 00:15:44,680 --> 00:15:48,440 Speaker 1: The young ladies were taken there for protection. They needed 269 00:15:48,440 --> 00:15:51,280 Speaker 1: protection from the people on the street, and frankly, the 270 00:15:51,320 --> 00:15:56,760 Speaker 1: people on the street needed protection from them. It was 271 00:15:56,800 --> 00:15:59,440 Speaker 1: now five o'clock in the morning. The sun was not 272 00:15:59,480 --> 00:16:03,160 Speaker 1: yet emmergeding over the slowly waking city, and the police 273 00:16:03,160 --> 00:16:06,000 Speaker 1: had just let them both loose because they seemed to 274 00:16:06,040 --> 00:16:09,480 Speaker 1: have sobered up. But Janet and her friend, eighteen year 275 00:16:09,480 --> 00:16:13,960 Speaker 1: old Mary Patterson, were still half drunk, still hopelessly morose. 276 00:16:14,520 --> 00:16:18,080 Speaker 1: They thought maybe we should find some more spirits. The 277 00:16:18,120 --> 00:16:21,840 Speaker 1: pair weaved along the medieval fishbone streets, with the narrow closes, 278 00:16:22,000 --> 00:16:25,440 Speaker 1: winds and courts splintering off the spine formed by High Street. 279 00:16:26,120 --> 00:16:29,840 Speaker 1: The tall tenements, combined with the slender spaces and incessant 280 00:16:29,880 --> 00:16:33,520 Speaker 1: street noise, were a little suffocating for strangers, but the 281 00:16:33,560 --> 00:16:37,640 Speaker 1: girls always felt at home. Janet and Mary were both 282 00:16:37,680 --> 00:16:40,680 Speaker 1: lodgers in Leith, a small area just north of the city. 283 00:16:41,000 --> 00:16:43,440 Speaker 1: The two women had become fast friends a year before. 284 00:16:44,520 --> 00:16:48,400 Speaker 1: Janet and Mary were attractive, particularly Mary. Janet was certainly 285 00:16:48,400 --> 00:16:51,160 Speaker 1: not dowdy, but Mary tended to receive the most attention, 286 00:16:51,760 --> 00:16:55,440 Speaker 1: and that's an important note for later on. Janet was 287 00:16:55,560 --> 00:16:59,040 Speaker 1: very astute. What she lacked in formal education, she made 288 00:16:59,120 --> 00:17:02,800 Speaker 1: up for with amp full amounts of street smarts, unless 289 00:17:02,840 --> 00:17:06,200 Speaker 1: there happened to be a drink in her hand. Mary 290 00:17:06,240 --> 00:17:09,360 Speaker 1: Patterson was like other people in Old Town. She sometimes 291 00:17:09,400 --> 00:17:12,679 Speaker 1: went by other names like Mary Mitchell. She had a 292 00:17:12,720 --> 00:17:15,800 Speaker 1: sad start to life because both of her parents were dead, 293 00:17:16,520 --> 00:17:21,600 Speaker 1: and then things got even worse. Tell me about Mary Patterson. 294 00:17:22,000 --> 00:17:25,600 Speaker 2: She was the daughter of a mason, and she worked 295 00:17:25,720 --> 00:17:29,400 Speaker 2: at the house of an engraver, and she became pregnant 296 00:17:29,680 --> 00:17:31,480 Speaker 2: and she went into the Magdalen Asylum. 297 00:17:32,280 --> 00:17:34,520 Speaker 1: It was a home for at risk young women, and 298 00:17:34,600 --> 00:17:37,920 Speaker 1: Mary had been there for three years. She had recently 299 00:17:38,040 --> 00:17:41,960 Speaker 1: checked out against the advice of her religious counselors, and 300 00:17:42,040 --> 00:17:45,160 Speaker 1: she celebrated her freedom by drinking with her friend Janet. 301 00:17:46,440 --> 00:17:49,120 Speaker 2: Mary was released from the Magdalen Asylum and she met 302 00:17:49,160 --> 00:17:51,800 Speaker 2: up with her friend Janet. She hadn't been drinking for 303 00:17:51,840 --> 00:17:53,480 Speaker 2: three years because you weren't allowed to do that in 304 00:17:53,480 --> 00:17:54,840 Speaker 2: the Magnet Asylum. 305 00:17:55,160 --> 00:17:58,040 Speaker 1: It was still dark outside and very cold and damp. 306 00:17:58,560 --> 00:18:01,639 Speaker 1: The combination would make a girl's teeth chatter and arms 307 00:18:01,640 --> 00:18:04,720 Speaker 1: crisscross her chest, and High Street in the early morning 308 00:18:04,920 --> 00:18:10,840 Speaker 1: was strangely serene. Side by side, Mary and Janet had 309 00:18:10,880 --> 00:18:14,440 Speaker 1: ambled towards Swanston's Spirit Shop near the head of the Canongate. 310 00:18:14,800 --> 00:18:18,919 Speaker 1: Who was almost six am. It was a relief to 311 00:18:18,960 --> 00:18:21,840 Speaker 1: be inside because there was some warmth. They shared a 312 00:18:21,880 --> 00:18:25,920 Speaker 1: gill of whiskey, which was about five ounces. As they 313 00:18:25,960 --> 00:18:28,920 Speaker 1: sat and complained about their horrible night, one of them 314 00:18:29,000 --> 00:18:33,679 Speaker 1: noticed a man hovering nearby. Even in the shadow of 315 00:18:33,720 --> 00:18:37,080 Speaker 1: a dim, flickering gaslight, Janet could see he wasn't young, 316 00:18:37,320 --> 00:18:40,720 Speaker 1: clearly in his mid thirties, he was fairly dapper, at 317 00:18:40,800 --> 00:18:43,120 Speaker 1: least for a man in old town. His skin had 318 00:18:43,119 --> 00:18:45,800 Speaker 1: a dark hue, either from working on the canal or 319 00:18:45,840 --> 00:18:49,639 Speaker 1: from his days spent toiling in potato fields. He wasn't tall, 320 00:18:49,720 --> 00:18:52,560 Speaker 1: about five foot five, but he was solidly built, with 321 00:18:52,680 --> 00:18:55,760 Speaker 1: dark hair and blue eyes. A thin layer of mutton 322 00:18:55,840 --> 00:18:58,879 Speaker 1: chops had framed his round face that brightened when he 323 00:18:58,880 --> 00:19:01,720 Speaker 1: saw the women glancing at the way. He pushed his 324 00:19:01,840 --> 00:19:04,639 Speaker 1: dram of rum and bitters to the side and chatted 325 00:19:04,680 --> 00:19:07,840 Speaker 1: them up. He introduced himself as William, a cobbler from 326 00:19:07,920 --> 00:19:11,520 Speaker 1: Ireland living in Westport. He asked if they might enjoy 327 00:19:11,600 --> 00:19:12,440 Speaker 1: some rum and bitters. 328 00:19:12,440 --> 00:19:12,760 Speaker 3: Also. 329 00:19:14,600 --> 00:19:17,280 Speaker 1: This was good fortune for the women. It wasn't often 330 00:19:17,280 --> 00:19:20,360 Speaker 1: that a decent man paid them attention. There weren't many 331 00:19:20,400 --> 00:19:23,000 Speaker 1: of those in Canongate. They each had a gill of 332 00:19:23,080 --> 00:19:27,040 Speaker 1: rum and bitters, and the three laughed. Janet noticed Burke 333 00:19:27,119 --> 00:19:30,399 Speaker 1: gazing at her when she was sober. Janet was coy, 334 00:19:30,680 --> 00:19:35,080 Speaker 1: even demure compared to her boisterous friend, Mary was adventurous 335 00:19:35,080 --> 00:19:38,159 Speaker 1: and daring, while Janet preferred quiet observation. 336 00:19:38,680 --> 00:19:42,480 Speaker 2: Burke was more interested in her than a Mary Patterson, 337 00:19:42,920 --> 00:19:47,000 Speaker 2: and interested in her in a sexual way, in that 338 00:19:47,040 --> 00:19:49,040 Speaker 2: his plans that day were not to go out and 339 00:19:49,119 --> 00:19:53,040 Speaker 2: kill somebody for for Knox. His plans were to go 340 00:19:53,080 --> 00:19:55,920 Speaker 2: and have sex with a woman, and that Janet Brown 341 00:19:56,200 --> 00:19:57,920 Speaker 2: was what he was actually. 342 00:19:57,680 --> 00:20:00,359 Speaker 1: After, Burke leaned in closer and to he jes did 343 00:20:00,359 --> 00:20:03,399 Speaker 1: the three of them retire to his brother Constantine's flop 344 00:20:03,440 --> 00:20:06,640 Speaker 1: house at Gibbs Close. It was just a short stroll away. 345 00:20:07,040 --> 00:20:10,920 Speaker 1: He could make them a proper breakfast. This might sound 346 00:20:11,000 --> 00:20:13,640 Speaker 1: like the threat of a sexual assault in addition to murder, 347 00:20:13,800 --> 00:20:15,399 Speaker 1: but Janet Philips says no. 348 00:20:16,480 --> 00:20:18,760 Speaker 2: Most of the stories about Burke do not put any 349 00:20:18,800 --> 00:20:21,760 Speaker 2: sort of idea that they're killing people as a result 350 00:20:21,800 --> 00:20:24,880 Speaker 2: of some sort of sexual predatory thing. There is one 351 00:20:24,960 --> 00:20:29,480 Speaker 2: person who suggests that Hare was interested in necrophilia, but 352 00:20:29,560 --> 00:20:32,280 Speaker 2: there is absolutely no evidence whatsoever. 353 00:20:32,760 --> 00:20:36,080 Speaker 1: Janet was wary. She prided herself on her instincts, and 354 00:20:36,200 --> 00:20:40,919 Speaker 1: something felt wrong. Burke smiled and became insistent. I have 355 00:20:40,960 --> 00:20:43,320 Speaker 1: a pension that could keep you comfortable for the rest 356 00:20:43,320 --> 00:20:46,879 Speaker 1: of your life. He said to her. If that sounds familiar, 357 00:20:47,000 --> 00:20:50,360 Speaker 1: it's because William Hare offered Abigail Simpson the same thing 358 00:20:50,480 --> 00:20:55,159 Speaker 1: months earlier before killing her. For a woman accustomed to 359 00:20:55,240 --> 00:20:58,720 Speaker 1: life on the streets, Burke's charm and genuine interests were flattering, 360 00:20:59,000 --> 00:21:02,639 Speaker 1: even intriguing. He never mentioned that he was married. 361 00:21:03,359 --> 00:21:06,520 Speaker 2: There's a story before all this started that he was 362 00:21:06,720 --> 00:21:11,240 Speaker 2: not faithful to his wife. They had a house before, 363 00:21:11,280 --> 00:21:13,400 Speaker 2: in Brown's Close, where they had somebody who came to 364 00:21:13,440 --> 00:21:16,560 Speaker 2: stay with them, a female relative, and that was the person. 365 00:21:16,600 --> 00:21:19,879 Speaker 2: He was unfaithful in the bed in their house whilst 366 00:21:19,920 --> 00:21:22,000 Speaker 2: his wife was there. So I don't think there's any 367 00:21:22,119 --> 00:21:24,600 Speaker 2: We're not fooling ourselves that he's a faithful husband. 368 00:21:24,880 --> 00:21:28,199 Speaker 1: Janet could just sense Burke's urgency, his insistence that they 369 00:21:28,240 --> 00:21:34,320 Speaker 1: should all leave. She finally agreed. Burke grinned, and then 370 00:21:34,359 --> 00:21:37,600 Speaker 1: strode over to the shopkeeper and requested two bottles of whiskey, 371 00:21:37,760 --> 00:21:41,040 Speaker 1: one for each woman. They bundled up and left together 372 00:21:41,119 --> 00:21:44,280 Speaker 1: for his brother's lodge, their bodies pushing against the frigid 373 00:21:44,280 --> 00:21:48,840 Speaker 1: air wafting off the river. They laughed and chatted idly 374 00:21:48,920 --> 00:21:51,320 Speaker 1: as they made their way to the brother's dingy residence 375 00:21:51,359 --> 00:21:54,960 Speaker 1: a few blocks away. The women were still warm from rum. 376 00:21:55,200 --> 00:21:59,840 Speaker 1: You'll be safe, he assured them. When the trio arrived, 377 00:22:00,160 --> 00:22:03,639 Speaker 1: Burke's brother, Constantine and his Scottish wife Elizabeth, greeted them 378 00:22:03,640 --> 00:22:07,240 Speaker 1: at the door. The room felt soggy and chilly. They 379 00:22:07,320 --> 00:22:09,800 Speaker 1: lived in poverty. There was no lock on the door, 380 00:22:09,920 --> 00:22:14,560 Speaker 1: just a flimsy latch. The curtains were worn patchwork. Old 381 00:22:14,640 --> 00:22:17,639 Speaker 1: prints were nailed to the walls for decoration. There was 382 00:22:17,720 --> 00:22:21,440 Speaker 1: just one bed for a family of five. Burke's eyes 383 00:22:21,520 --> 00:22:26,639 Speaker 1: darted to the unlit fireplace. Janet flinched as the irishman 384 00:22:26,720 --> 00:22:30,160 Speaker 1: turned from charming to violent, Smacking his sister in law 385 00:22:30,240 --> 00:22:33,679 Speaker 1: for not lighting the wood, he unleashed a parade of 386 00:22:33,720 --> 00:22:37,680 Speaker 1: swears that would embarrass anyone. Janet was stunned, but Constantine 387 00:22:37,720 --> 00:22:41,920 Speaker 1: and Elizabeth weren't surprised. They were used to his erratic behavior, 388 00:22:42,320 --> 00:22:46,800 Speaker 1: especially when he was drinking. They tried to shuffle their 389 00:22:46,840 --> 00:22:49,800 Speaker 1: seven year old daughter, Elizabeth out of the room. Her brothers, 390 00:22:49,920 --> 00:22:53,560 Speaker 1: Richard and William were nearby. It was a sad sight, 391 00:22:54,280 --> 00:22:57,800 Speaker 1: they barely had clothing to wear. The fire was soon 392 00:22:57,880 --> 00:23:01,120 Speaker 1: lit and then a plentiful breakfast was served. Just as 393 00:23:01,160 --> 00:23:04,920 Speaker 1: their new friend William had promised, The spirit somehow softened 394 00:23:04,960 --> 00:23:07,720 Speaker 1: the horrid scene that was all too common in Old Town. 395 00:23:10,200 --> 00:23:13,399 Speaker 1: The group dined on a real Scottish meal, bannock bread, 396 00:23:13,680 --> 00:23:16,760 Speaker 1: eggs and finn and hattock, cold smoked on green wood 397 00:23:16,760 --> 00:23:19,400 Speaker 1: and peat, chased down with ample the mounts of whiskey. 398 00:23:20,200 --> 00:23:23,320 Speaker 1: Janet would occasionally sip her jar of Scottish breakfast tea, 399 00:23:23,560 --> 00:23:27,359 Speaker 1: the black variety, brewed with the strongest imported leaves. The 400 00:23:27,400 --> 00:23:30,359 Speaker 1: acidic taste was meant to cloak the putrid public water 401 00:23:30,400 --> 00:23:35,120 Speaker 1: that couldn't be purified even with boiling. Burke's brother Constantine, 402 00:23:35,240 --> 00:23:37,760 Speaker 1: took only a dram He had to leave with the dawn, 403 00:23:38,080 --> 00:23:41,240 Speaker 1: roaming the street as a scavenger, one of the most 404 00:23:41,280 --> 00:23:45,080 Speaker 1: disgusting jobs in the city, the one often held exclusively 405 00:23:45,119 --> 00:23:50,800 Speaker 1: by the Irish of Edinburgh. Edinburgh's foul smell was fabled. 406 00:23:51,200 --> 00:23:54,400 Speaker 1: The Scots adhere to an old tradition of emptying their 407 00:23:54,480 --> 00:23:57,640 Speaker 1: chamber pots out of windows around ten o'clock at night. 408 00:23:59,400 --> 00:24:03,200 Speaker 1: Early the next morning, workers like Constantine Burke would collect 409 00:24:03,200 --> 00:24:08,320 Speaker 1: the waste on carts and carry it out of the city. 410 00:24:12,040 --> 00:24:15,080 Speaker 1: Constantine had served in the army in Northern Ireland. He 411 00:24:15,160 --> 00:24:18,400 Speaker 1: was considered a reliable hard worker. He stayed sober, kept 412 00:24:18,400 --> 00:24:24,800 Speaker 1: his head down, and provided for his family. Once Constantine 413 00:24:24,880 --> 00:24:28,120 Speaker 1: left for work, Elizabeth also left the room, still smarting 414 00:24:28,160 --> 00:24:32,880 Speaker 1: from Burke's abuse. He was now alone with Janet and Mary. 415 00:24:33,560 --> 00:24:37,119 Speaker 1: Janet was wobbly, but not yet succumbing to the endless 416 00:24:37,160 --> 00:24:42,000 Speaker 1: amounts of alcohol. Whiskey did not treat the younger girl well. 417 00:24:42,680 --> 00:24:45,159 Speaker 1: Mary was nodding off while sitting at the small table. 418 00:24:45,840 --> 00:24:48,320 Speaker 1: Burke led her to a trundle bed and drew the 419 00:24:48,359 --> 00:24:52,119 Speaker 1: surrounding curtains around her. The irishman peered at Mary. 420 00:24:53,119 --> 00:24:55,040 Speaker 2: They had a lot to drink. Burke took them back 421 00:24:55,040 --> 00:24:58,159 Speaker 2: to Constantine's flat. Mary became unconscious with the amount of 422 00:24:58,240 --> 00:25:01,080 Speaker 2: drink that she'd had Burke and it went out for lunch. 423 00:25:02,080 --> 00:25:04,600 Speaker 1: Burke grabbed Janet under the arm and steered her out 424 00:25:04,600 --> 00:25:07,240 Speaker 1: the door to another nearby public house for more food. 425 00:25:08,400 --> 00:25:09,280 Speaker 3: She was in a fog. 426 00:25:09,840 --> 00:25:13,280 Speaker 1: He plied her with two more bottles of porter. He 427 00:25:13,400 --> 00:25:16,120 Speaker 1: supplemented it with a meat pie to keep her from vomiting. 428 00:25:17,480 --> 00:25:21,639 Speaker 1: Janet accepted all three gifts and was descending into dizziness. 429 00:25:22,119 --> 00:25:25,960 Speaker 1: Burke marveled at her tolerance. She tried to watch him closely, 430 00:25:26,280 --> 00:25:30,080 Speaker 1: even in her inebriated state. He was drinking as much 431 00:25:30,080 --> 00:25:34,199 Speaker 1: as she, and he seemed just as unsteady. But it 432 00:25:34,240 --> 00:25:40,080 Speaker 1: was all in act. He was just fine. Janet still 433 00:25:40,119 --> 00:25:44,400 Speaker 1: had a queasy, uneasy feeling. Burke encouraged her to return 434 00:25:44,440 --> 00:25:48,200 Speaker 1: with him to Constantine's lodge. When they got there, Janet 435 00:25:48,280 --> 00:25:51,200 Speaker 1: staggered across the flat, only focused on the next bottle 436 00:25:51,240 --> 00:25:56,879 Speaker 1: of whiskey Burke handed her. She heard a noise and froze. 437 00:25:56,960 --> 00:25:59,879 Speaker 1: The curtains around the bed flew open, revealing a stout, 438 00:26:00,080 --> 00:26:04,280 Speaker 1: dowdy woman standing near a still sleeping Mary. Nellie McDougall 439 00:26:04,400 --> 00:26:07,520 Speaker 1: scowled at Janet, and then her eyes flashed toward Burke. 440 00:26:08,240 --> 00:26:09,959 Speaker 1: Janet was drunk and bewildered. 441 00:26:10,640 --> 00:26:11,199 Speaker 7: Who was she? 442 00:26:12,359 --> 00:26:17,440 Speaker 1: That's his wife? Elizabeth whispered with no warning. Nellie unleashed 443 00:26:17,440 --> 00:26:20,199 Speaker 1: a string of obscenities at Janet for trying to seduce 444 00:26:20,240 --> 00:26:23,959 Speaker 1: her husband. Janet tried to interrupt, I didn't know he 445 00:26:24,040 --> 00:26:28,400 Speaker 1: was married. She begged to leave. Nellie snapped back, it's 446 00:26:28,440 --> 00:26:32,800 Speaker 1: no fault of yours. Nellie ruefully explained how Burke was 447 00:26:32,800 --> 00:26:35,400 Speaker 1: in the habit of deserting her and spending their few 448 00:26:35,400 --> 00:26:38,359 Speaker 1: shillings on women. Janet looked to the door, hoping to 449 00:26:38,400 --> 00:26:43,000 Speaker 1: slip out. Nellie noticed, and she began to panic. She 450 00:26:43,080 --> 00:26:45,639 Speaker 1: knew that Janet would be the perfect specimen for the 451 00:26:45,640 --> 00:26:49,879 Speaker 1: anatomist in Newtown, so she quickly modified her approach anxiously, 452 00:26:49,920 --> 00:26:53,720 Speaker 1: insisting that Janet sit down and stay. You can't leave. 453 00:26:54,720 --> 00:26:59,680 Speaker 1: Nellie's head snapped back toward Burke. She snatched a plate 454 00:26:59,680 --> 00:27:02,840 Speaker 1: of Brooks eggs and flung them at the fireplace, splattering 455 00:27:02,880 --> 00:27:07,320 Speaker 1: the meal all over the stone. Her tirade seemed solely 456 00:27:07,359 --> 00:27:12,000 Speaker 1: focused on her unfaithful husband, and Burke seemed enraged at Nelly. 457 00:27:12,320 --> 00:27:14,520 Speaker 1: He grabbed a bottle of cheap whiskey and flung it 458 00:27:14,560 --> 00:27:17,320 Speaker 1: at his wife's face, smacking her in the forehead and 459 00:27:17,400 --> 00:27:23,040 Speaker 1: slicing her skin. Janet sat petrified as Konstantine's wife, Elizabeth, 460 00:27:23,080 --> 00:27:25,800 Speaker 1: scurried out the door. She screamed that she would bring 461 00:27:25,880 --> 00:27:30,800 Speaker 1: back help, but she actually went to find hair. Burke 462 00:27:30,960 --> 00:27:33,920 Speaker 1: pushed Nellie out of the flat and into the tenement's hallway, 463 00:27:34,320 --> 00:27:38,120 Speaker 1: quickly fastening the flimsy lock behind her as his wife 464 00:27:38,280 --> 00:27:41,400 Speaker 1: pounded on the door. The irishman gazed at Janet, who 465 00:27:41,480 --> 00:27:45,040 Speaker 1: was stupefied from the whole scene. Mary was still lying 466 00:27:45,040 --> 00:27:47,560 Speaker 1: across the bed, not at all roused by the feud. 467 00:27:48,359 --> 00:27:51,040 Speaker 1: Janet couldn't pick Mary up and leave, she would be 468 00:27:51,080 --> 00:27:54,679 Speaker 1: dead weight. She needed to escape that flat alone and 469 00:27:54,720 --> 00:27:58,720 Speaker 1: come back for her later. Burke moved toward Janet, insisting 470 00:27:58,760 --> 00:28:02,280 Speaker 1: that his wife was worthless. Nellie's curses faded into the 471 00:28:02,320 --> 00:28:08,040 Speaker 1: background for a brief moment. Janet melted. Burke was quite 472 00:28:08,040 --> 00:28:11,560 Speaker 1: handsome and warm. He took her hand to join him 473 00:28:11,600 --> 00:28:15,880 Speaker 1: on the bed next to Mary, and she considered it briefly. 474 00:28:16,840 --> 00:28:19,760 Speaker 1: Janet's mind flashed back to that scene of Burke hurling 475 00:28:19,840 --> 00:28:23,400 Speaker 1: a glass at his wife. He could become so angry 476 00:28:23,600 --> 00:28:27,400 Speaker 1: so quickly. She staggered to her feet and earnestly promised 477 00:28:27,400 --> 00:28:32,640 Speaker 1: to return in fifteen minutes. Burke blinked, He looked over 478 00:28:32,680 --> 00:28:35,600 Speaker 1: at Mary passed out on the bed, and he reluctantly 479 00:28:35,680 --> 00:28:42,560 Speaker 1: allowed Janet to go home. As she scurried out the door, 480 00:28:43,000 --> 00:28:46,600 Speaker 1: Nellie McDougall was still screeching at the top of the staircase. 481 00:28:49,160 --> 00:28:51,960 Speaker 1: Janet stumbled down a small street as the morning welcomed 482 00:28:52,000 --> 00:28:55,840 Speaker 1: the hustle of an awakening city. She walked along the 483 00:28:55,880 --> 00:29:00,800 Speaker 1: winding winds and narrow closes until ten am finally reached 484 00:29:00,800 --> 00:29:04,120 Speaker 1: the lodging house to shared with Mary. She seemed to 485 00:29:04,160 --> 00:29:08,040 Speaker 1: be snapping out of her days. Janet told her old 486 00:29:08,120 --> 00:29:11,560 Speaker 1: landlady about the strange, intense people she had just met 487 00:29:11,600 --> 00:29:16,760 Speaker 1: a few hours ago. Missus Lawry listened and became alarmed. 488 00:29:17,560 --> 00:29:21,120 Speaker 1: She summoned her housekeeper and ordered her to accompany Janet 489 00:29:21,120 --> 00:29:25,680 Speaker 1: to rescue the girl as soon as possible. Mary Patterson 490 00:29:25,960 --> 00:29:34,120 Speaker 1: might just be saved. David Patterson heard the soft knock 491 00:29:34,160 --> 00:29:36,920 Speaker 1: at the large wooden door of Number ten Surgeons Square 492 00:29:37,000 --> 00:29:39,680 Speaker 1: as he tidied up the dissection room, the signal he 493 00:29:39,760 --> 00:29:44,360 Speaker 1: assumed of another delivery. A side note, David Patterson was 494 00:29:44,400 --> 00:29:49,600 Speaker 1: not related to Mary Patterson. There stood three men, Constantine 495 00:29:49,640 --> 00:29:53,040 Speaker 1: and William Burke, both holding the tea chest. William Hare 496 00:29:53,200 --> 00:29:57,640 Speaker 1: was hovering nearby. Patterson understood his job very well, even 497 00:29:57,680 --> 00:30:00,040 Speaker 1: though he had only had it a few months. It 498 00:30:00,160 --> 00:30:03,720 Speaker 1: was doctor Knox's doorkeeper and porter, the man always standing 499 00:30:03,720 --> 00:30:05,840 Speaker 1: by with a set of keys to let colleagues in 500 00:30:05,960 --> 00:30:09,120 Speaker 1: and out of the main lecture hall. The doctor insisted 501 00:30:09,160 --> 00:30:12,520 Speaker 1: that no visitor wait for long, so Patterson always listened 502 00:30:12,560 --> 00:30:16,520 Speaker 1: closely for rapping. He heard the voice of Alexander Miller, 503 00:30:16,720 --> 00:30:20,360 Speaker 1: doctor Robert Knox's young assistant. Miller was whispering with two 504 00:30:20,400 --> 00:30:24,200 Speaker 1: other assistants, so Patterson couldn't quite make out their conversation, 505 00:30:24,480 --> 00:30:28,960 Speaker 1: but it was certainly about a payment. The doctor was 506 00:30:28,960 --> 00:30:32,080 Speaker 1: in class on the main campus across Southbridge, concluding his 507 00:30:32,200 --> 00:30:35,920 Speaker 1: daily lecture called Annual Course of Lectures on the Anatomy 508 00:30:35,960 --> 00:30:40,040 Speaker 1: and Physiology of the Human Body. Signs around campus claimed 509 00:30:40,080 --> 00:30:43,560 Speaker 1: that the class would include a full demonstration of fresh 510 00:30:43,640 --> 00:30:49,360 Speaker 1: anatomical subjects. Patterson knew that Knox had made many enemies 511 00:30:49,360 --> 00:30:54,240 Speaker 1: on campus. There was fierce competition between anatomists, particularly for bodies. 512 00:30:54,680 --> 00:30:59,000 Speaker 1: In fact, Knox paid Edinburgh's resurrection Men a bonus to 513 00:30:59,040 --> 00:31:02,240 Speaker 1: steal a body from one of his rivals. Doctor Knox 514 00:31:02,240 --> 00:31:05,760 Speaker 1: had swiftly earned a long list of bitter adversaries. The 515 00:31:05,760 --> 00:31:08,000 Speaker 1: anatomist admitted as much in a letter he wrote to 516 00:31:08,040 --> 00:31:11,480 Speaker 1: a friend. I have maintained a fair average number of 517 00:31:11,520 --> 00:31:15,680 Speaker 1: students against the most determined opposition, not merely the rivalry 518 00:31:15,680 --> 00:31:20,840 Speaker 1: of numerous talented men, but the bitter hostility of the university. 519 00:31:22,920 --> 00:31:26,880 Speaker 1: A parcel had arrived on this frigid afternoon, but doctor 520 00:31:26,920 --> 00:31:31,080 Speaker 1: Knox's assistants frowned. Who was an improper time of day 521 00:31:31,120 --> 00:31:35,160 Speaker 1: for illegal business. Knox usually bought most of his corpses 522 00:31:35,280 --> 00:31:39,120 Speaker 1: under the cloak of darkness. Several hours passed the drum 523 00:31:39,160 --> 00:31:42,400 Speaker 1: of the town guard, which signaled the city's ten PM curfew. 524 00:31:45,200 --> 00:31:48,880 Speaker 1: Patterson was also tasked with the onerous job of cleaning 525 00:31:48,880 --> 00:31:50,960 Speaker 1: the blood and tissue from the tables and floors of 526 00:31:50,960 --> 00:31:54,719 Speaker 1: the laboratories. Patterson would then carry off the remains from 527 00:31:54,760 --> 00:31:57,840 Speaker 1: the dissection floors and find a place to bury them. 528 00:31:58,000 --> 00:32:00,600 Speaker 2: And he's sort of lowly in the food chain, yeah, 529 00:32:00,680 --> 00:32:02,440 Speaker 2: I mean, he would have been living in the old town, 530 00:32:03,000 --> 00:32:05,520 Speaker 2: not being paid very much. He probably did a lot 531 00:32:05,520 --> 00:32:08,320 Speaker 2: of things for Knox that his anatomy school wouldn't have 532 00:32:08,360 --> 00:32:10,960 Speaker 2: been as great if Patson hadn't been doing all that 533 00:32:10,960 --> 00:32:12,000 Speaker 2: stuff behind the scenes. 534 00:32:12,360 --> 00:32:15,040 Speaker 1: When a new corpse arrived, Patterson would wash and clean 535 00:32:15,080 --> 00:32:17,560 Speaker 1: it before it was presented for dissection in the classroom. 536 00:32:18,200 --> 00:32:21,240 Speaker 1: He also ran messages for Knocks and his assistance, but 537 00:32:21,360 --> 00:32:24,080 Speaker 1: his most important job was to dole out money to 538 00:32:24,120 --> 00:32:30,959 Speaker 1: grave robbers. Patterson saw the empty tea chest on the floor, 539 00:32:31,280 --> 00:32:33,320 Speaker 1: and that was a telltale sign that a body had 540 00:32:33,320 --> 00:32:36,600 Speaker 1: been delivered. It was made of rough wood, a box 541 00:32:36,680 --> 00:32:39,400 Speaker 1: large enough to contain a body, but only when it 542 00:32:39,440 --> 00:32:43,040 Speaker 1: was in the fetal position. The doorkeeper glanced at the 543 00:32:43,040 --> 00:32:46,000 Speaker 1: body on the slab, visible only by a faint gas 544 00:32:46,120 --> 00:32:50,280 Speaker 1: lamp in the darkened lab. He stared down. She was 545 00:32:50,360 --> 00:32:53,720 Speaker 1: a young, beautiful, naked woman, with no marks of violence 546 00:32:53,840 --> 00:32:57,800 Speaker 1: or disease, and she was still warm. She had died 547 00:32:57,840 --> 00:33:01,120 Speaker 1: recently because rigor mortis had not yet set in her 548 00:33:01,200 --> 00:33:05,360 Speaker 1: joints weren't stiff yet. Patterson suspected Doctor Knox would be 549 00:33:05,400 --> 00:33:09,320 Speaker 1: pleased because she was in such good condition. He noticed 550 00:33:09,320 --> 00:33:14,000 Speaker 1: some oddities, though. She was still wearing paper curlers and 551 00:33:14,040 --> 00:33:19,200 Speaker 1: she was clutching a twopence halfpenny in her hand. Patterson 552 00:33:19,280 --> 00:33:21,760 Speaker 1: knew that those items would have been removed if the 553 00:33:21,800 --> 00:33:25,640 Speaker 1: body had been buried. She also had slight traces of 554 00:33:25,680 --> 00:33:31,960 Speaker 1: blood around her nose and mouth. I was curious. Despite 555 00:33:32,000 --> 00:33:36,520 Speaker 1: those things, he brushed off any suspicions. Patterson then peered 556 00:33:36,520 --> 00:33:39,000 Speaker 1: over at the assistant, and the two men still deeply 557 00:33:39,040 --> 00:33:42,440 Speaker 1: engrossed in a whispered conversation. He had dealt with these 558 00:33:42,440 --> 00:33:47,320 Speaker 1: particular resurrection men before they had called themselves John and William. 559 00:33:47,760 --> 00:33:52,040 Speaker 1: Patterson noticed that both men were filthy and kempt epenemies 560 00:33:52,040 --> 00:33:54,960 Speaker 1: of High Street in Old Town, but they certainly knew 561 00:33:54,960 --> 00:33:58,719 Speaker 1: where to find recently deceased bodies, and Patterson appreciated that 562 00:33:59,600 --> 00:34:03,080 Speaker 1: he didn't find them particularly disagreeable. They frequently smelled strongly 563 00:34:03,120 --> 00:34:05,880 Speaker 1: of cheap spirits, but Patterson was used to all that 564 00:34:06,040 --> 00:34:08,640 Speaker 1: he was also from ced Westport, though he had been 565 00:34:08,680 --> 00:34:13,120 Speaker 1: baptized and raised in a proper, well respected home. Patterson 566 00:34:13,200 --> 00:34:16,160 Speaker 1: preferred John and William to other resurrection men. There were 567 00:34:16,239 --> 00:34:19,960 Speaker 1: characters named things like Mole or Stoop who lurked around 568 00:34:20,000 --> 00:34:23,919 Speaker 1: the dirty lodging houses. In fact, Nax's Porter also dealt 569 00:34:23,960 --> 00:34:26,160 Speaker 1: with grave robbers from other regions. 570 00:34:26,719 --> 00:34:29,719 Speaker 2: Various medical schools were importing bodies from outside. There were 571 00:34:29,800 --> 00:34:32,919 Speaker 2: large gangs operating in London. There was a case where 572 00:34:32,920 --> 00:34:34,840 Speaker 2: one are the medical schools down in London tried to 573 00:34:34,880 --> 00:34:38,759 Speaker 2: get out of its arrangements with its body suppliers, and 574 00:34:38,800 --> 00:34:40,480 Speaker 2: they went in and they slashed all the bodies, so 575 00:34:40,480 --> 00:34:43,120 Speaker 2: they were useless for teaching the body supplies. These grave 576 00:34:43,200 --> 00:34:45,839 Speaker 2: robbers had the medical school exactly where they wanted them, 577 00:34:45,880 --> 00:34:48,239 Speaker 2: and they totally controlled what they were doing. 578 00:34:49,160 --> 00:34:52,560 Speaker 1: Patterson fiddled with the banknotes in his pockets. He was 579 00:34:52,600 --> 00:34:55,200 Speaker 1: authorized to give them men up to eight pounds, but 580 00:34:55,360 --> 00:34:58,400 Speaker 1: it was contingent on the condition of the corpse, and 581 00:34:58,520 --> 00:35:01,799 Speaker 1: judging by the high quality of this woman, he suspected 582 00:35:01,840 --> 00:35:05,960 Speaker 1: she would fetch the full amount. Another apprentice soon joined them, 583 00:35:06,000 --> 00:35:11,160 Speaker 1: William Ferguson, Knox's most trusted assistant. He was especially skilled 584 00:35:11,160 --> 00:35:14,800 Speaker 1: with a scalpel, and he normally handled the enormous pressure 585 00:35:14,880 --> 00:35:17,960 Speaker 1: of his position well, but the twenty year old seemed 586 00:35:18,239 --> 00:35:20,840 Speaker 1: startled as he gazed down at the young woman's body. 587 00:35:21,760 --> 00:35:25,840 Speaker 1: Ferguson recognized her from Old Town. He called her Mary Mitchell. 588 00:35:26,120 --> 00:35:30,279 Speaker 1: Though most knew her by Patterson, Ferguson grew visibly uneasy, 589 00:35:30,480 --> 00:35:34,120 Speaker 1: jittery at surveying a woman whose unusual beauty was well 590 00:35:34,160 --> 00:35:38,080 Speaker 1: known in the canongate. Ferguson repeated his assertion that he 591 00:35:38,160 --> 00:35:41,319 Speaker 1: knew her, and he seemed to be in disbelief at 592 00:35:41,360 --> 00:35:47,080 Speaker 1: her premature death. Now here's a bit about the lore 593 00:35:47,120 --> 00:35:51,120 Speaker 1: of Birkenhare more of the lies passed down for generations 594 00:35:51,160 --> 00:35:56,160 Speaker 1: about this story. For almost two hundred years, Mary Patterson 595 00:35:56,200 --> 00:36:00,480 Speaker 1: has been labeled a sex worker. Author Owen Dudley Edwards 596 00:36:00,480 --> 00:36:01,440 Speaker 1: explains the story. 597 00:36:02,200 --> 00:36:05,680 Speaker 3: When they brought Mary Patterson to doctor Knox's, one of 598 00:36:05,719 --> 00:36:09,080 Speaker 3: his assistants thought he had previously met the lady in 599 00:36:09,120 --> 00:36:12,879 Speaker 3: her professional capacity while he was looking at her in his. 600 00:36:13,400 --> 00:36:16,839 Speaker 1: The insinuation is that Knox's assistants recognized her because they 601 00:36:16,880 --> 00:36:20,000 Speaker 1: had paid her for sex. While that's a dramatic story, 602 00:36:20,080 --> 00:36:24,360 Speaker 1: it's also wrong. Several historians, including authors Lisa Rosner and 603 00:36:24,440 --> 00:36:28,000 Speaker 1: Janet Philp, had found no record that Mary Patterson was 604 00:36:28,040 --> 00:36:30,719 Speaker 1: a sex worker. She likely went to the hospital where 605 00:36:30,760 --> 00:36:32,960 Speaker 1: all three of Knox's assistants would have worked. 606 00:36:33,239 --> 00:36:37,000 Speaker 2: It's quite possible that doctors recognized her because those doctors 607 00:36:37,080 --> 00:36:39,440 Speaker 2: would have been on the wards, and she had been 608 00:36:39,480 --> 00:36:40,320 Speaker 2: in the ward recently. 609 00:36:41,120 --> 00:36:44,399 Speaker 1: The student peered over and asked William Burke, where did 610 00:36:44,400 --> 00:36:48,600 Speaker 1: you get this body? He quickly offered an explanation about 611 00:36:48,640 --> 00:36:51,040 Speaker 1: purchasing her from an old woman who found her dead. 612 00:36:52,160 --> 00:36:54,719 Speaker 3: He explained that Mary Patterson had been drinking with them, 613 00:36:55,120 --> 00:36:57,319 Speaker 3: that she had fallen asleep that she had fallen into 614 00:36:57,320 --> 00:37:00,000 Speaker 3: her own vomit and that she had chokeren her own vote. 615 00:37:01,040 --> 00:37:03,360 Speaker 1: It was the first time that question had been asked 616 00:37:03,400 --> 00:37:05,680 Speaker 1: in more than half a dozen business dealings over the 617 00:37:05,719 --> 00:37:09,600 Speaker 1: past six months. Patterson thought that was a reasonable response. 618 00:37:10,040 --> 00:37:14,600 Speaker 1: The corpse had reeked of spirits, so Burke's explanation had 619 00:37:14,600 --> 00:37:17,600 Speaker 1: successfully stopped the questions for now. 620 00:37:18,320 --> 00:37:21,359 Speaker 3: In any case, the doctors didn't really want to ask 621 00:37:21,400 --> 00:37:24,520 Speaker 3: that many questions about where the body had been, and 622 00:37:24,680 --> 00:37:27,440 Speaker 3: Burke had given a plausible explanation. 623 00:37:28,320 --> 00:37:31,759 Speaker 1: Burke whispered a warning to Patterson. If there continued to 624 00:37:31,800 --> 00:37:34,640 Speaker 1: be questions about the origin of the cadavers, I will 625 00:37:34,640 --> 00:37:39,240 Speaker 1: no longer sell the bodies to doctor Knox. The doctor 626 00:37:39,280 --> 00:37:41,440 Speaker 1: had ordered Patterson to stay out of the way of 627 00:37:41,480 --> 00:37:45,480 Speaker 1: these men, so he kept silent, but he was suspicious. 628 00:37:46,440 --> 00:37:50,680 Speaker 1: Relatives rarely sold bodies of family members. The poor people 629 00:37:50,680 --> 00:37:54,200 Speaker 1: in Old Town held their religious belief sacred. They would 630 00:37:54,200 --> 00:37:57,840 Speaker 1: spend their last shilling on a proper Catholic or Protestant burial. 631 00:37:59,560 --> 00:38:03,600 Speaker 1: It was possible, Patterson supposed that Birkenhair bought her from 632 00:38:03,640 --> 00:38:07,000 Speaker 1: a brothel or a lodging house for paupers. These new 633 00:38:07,000 --> 00:38:10,239 Speaker 1: asylums seemed to surface almost every day in the Canongate. 634 00:38:11,920 --> 00:38:14,040 Speaker 1: One of the students gave Burke a pair of scissors 635 00:38:14,080 --> 00:38:17,440 Speaker 1: to cut off her beautiful crimson locks, presumably to be 636 00:38:17,480 --> 00:38:21,560 Speaker 1: crafted into a lady's hair piece and resold. When the 637 00:38:21,640 --> 00:38:26,040 Speaker 1: job was complete, Patterson handed the pair the fully eight pounds. 638 00:38:26,640 --> 00:38:29,560 Speaker 1: Burke would give his brother ten shillings for helping transport 639 00:38:29,600 --> 00:38:33,880 Speaker 1: the body, but now Constantine was uneasy. He glared at 640 00:38:33,880 --> 00:38:36,680 Speaker 1: William and told him that he wouldn't ever help him again. 641 00:38:37,640 --> 00:38:43,080 Speaker 1: He did not approve of grave robbers. Patterson encouraged them 642 00:38:43,120 --> 00:38:45,800 Speaker 1: to leave the laboratory, and then he made the short 643 00:38:45,800 --> 00:38:49,600 Speaker 1: walk to doctor Knox's townhouse on the wealthy Newington Street 644 00:38:49,719 --> 00:38:54,879 Speaker 1: to alert him of the new acquisition. Mary Patterson's body 645 00:38:54,880 --> 00:38:58,080 Speaker 1: would mark a turning point for doctor Knox. She was 646 00:38:58,160 --> 00:39:00,959 Speaker 1: young and healthy. There was no reason for her death. 647 00:39:01,320 --> 00:39:04,640 Speaker 1: He should have been alarmed, but he didn't seem to be, 648 00:39:05,120 --> 00:39:09,359 Speaker 1: and soon the tenuous relationship between science and religion would 649 00:39:09,400 --> 00:39:13,400 Speaker 1: be tested, all thanks to the anatomist and his bodies. 650 00:39:14,440 --> 00:39:17,800 Speaker 1: David Patterson opened the lap stoor and welcomed the doctor inside. 651 00:39:18,280 --> 00:39:21,480 Speaker 1: Doctor Knox stared with wide eyes at the woman on 652 00:39:21,520 --> 00:39:26,880 Speaker 1: the table. The lowly porter watched him, determined to remember 653 00:39:27,680 --> 00:39:35,920 Speaker 1: every detail. On the next episode of Tenfold More, Wicked. 654 00:39:37,200 --> 00:39:40,640 Speaker 3: Burke persuaded them to leave the woman with him and said, oh, 655 00:39:40,640 --> 00:39:42,440 Speaker 3: but that he would take her to a place where 656 00:39:42,480 --> 00:39:45,640 Speaker 3: she'd be looked after. She'd be all right, what are 657 00:39:45,680 --> 00:39:46,240 Speaker 3: the fears? 658 00:39:46,280 --> 00:39:48,239 Speaker 1: What are the myths that you've heard? 659 00:39:48,719 --> 00:39:52,080 Speaker 4: The kind of stories you hear from medical schools of oh, 660 00:39:52,200 --> 00:39:54,239 Speaker 4: you know, there was a medical student managed to take 661 00:39:54,280 --> 00:39:55,560 Speaker 4: a foot out of the class. 662 00:39:56,040 --> 00:39:58,960 Speaker 2: Burke claims that at that point he started having to 663 00:39:59,040 --> 00:40:01,279 Speaker 2: drink large man with before he could sleep at night, 664 00:40:01,320 --> 00:40:02,880 Speaker 2: and he always slept the lights on. 665 00:40:04,480 --> 00:40:06,879 Speaker 1: If you love historical true crime, be sure to order 666 00:40:06,920 --> 00:40:10,280 Speaker 1: my book, American Sherlock. It's about a real life Sherlock 667 00:40:10,360 --> 00:40:13,120 Speaker 1: Holmes who solve some of the most gruesome murders in 668 00:40:13,120 --> 00:40:17,440 Speaker 1: the nineteen twenties. The paperback arrives on February sixteenth, but 669 00:40:17,480 --> 00:40:21,319 Speaker 1: it's available for pre order now. This has been an 670 00:40:21,360 --> 00:40:26,000 Speaker 1: exactly right and tenfold More. Media production producers Jason Whaling 671 00:40:26,080 --> 00:40:31,440 Speaker 1: and Laura Soble, sound designer Eric Friend, composer Curtis Heath, 672 00:40:31,880 --> 00:40:37,520 Speaker 1: artwork Nick Toga. Executive producers Georgia Hardstark, Karen Kilgarriff, and 673 00:40:37,640 --> 00:40:41,640 Speaker 1: Danielle Kramer. Follow us on Instagram and Facebook at tenfold 674 00:40:41,719 --> 00:40:45,680 Speaker 1: more Wicked and on Twitter at tenfold more. If you're 675 00:40:45,719 --> 00:40:48,560 Speaker 1: an advertiser interested in advertising on our show, go to 676 00:40:48,680 --> 00:40:52,480 Speaker 1: midroll dot com slash ads, and if you know of 677 00:40:52,520 --> 00:40:55,600 Speaker 1: a historical crime that could use some attention, email us 678 00:40:55,640 --> 00:41:01,920 Speaker 1: at info at tenfoldmorewicked dot com. So please listen, subscribe, 679 00:41:02,080 --> 00:41:05,520 Speaker 1: leave us a review on Apple Podcasts, Ditcher, or wherever 680 00:41:05,520 --> 00:41:06,719 Speaker 1: you get your podcasts.