WEBVTT - Way Black History Fact - The History of HBCUs

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<v Speaker 1>Right now it is time for the Way Black History Fact,

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<v Speaker 1>and for today's Way Black History Fact, We're going to discuss.

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<v Speaker 2>The history of HBCUs.

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<v Speaker 1>For folks that are unfamiliar, HBCU stands for historically Black

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<v Speaker 1>college and university. And if you only get your news

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<v Speaker 1>from Fox News, you might be thinking, why do they

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<v Speaker 1>have those?

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<v Speaker 2>Well, we're about to explain it to you. All right.

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<v Speaker 1>This comes from Thurgood Marshall College Funds website and if

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<v Speaker 1>you want to check it out, it's TMCF dot org.

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<v Speaker 2>We've deemed that to be a reputable source.

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<v Speaker 1>So historically, Black colleges and universities or HBCUs were established

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<v Speaker 1>in the United States early in the nineteenth century to

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<v Speaker 1>provide undergraduate and graduate level education opportunities to.

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<v Speaker 2>People of African descent.

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<v Speaker 1>Black students were unwelcome at existing public and private uni

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<v Speaker 1>institutions of higher education even after passing specific legislation, resulting

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<v Speaker 1>in a lack of higher education opportunities. Got a bear

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<v Speaker 1>in mind resegregation at the time, and you need black

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<v Speaker 1>doctors and white doctors, right, and black doctors can't go

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<v Speaker 1>to the white schools.

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<v Speaker 2>They need to make their own schools. So this is

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<v Speaker 2>kind of the origin story here all right.

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<v Speaker 1>In seventeen ninety nine, Washington Lee University admitted John Javis,

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<v Speaker 1>who was noted as the first African American on record

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<v Speaker 1>to attend college. However, the first African American to have

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<v Speaker 1>earned a bachelor's degree from an American university, Alexander Lucia's Twilight,

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<v Speaker 1>graduated from Middlesbury College in eighteen twenty three. Three decades later,

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<v Speaker 1>Mary Jane Patterson was the first African American woman to

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<v Speaker 1>earn a bachelor's degree, graduating from the abolitionist centered Oberlin

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<v Speaker 1>College in eighteen sixty two. These individuals were singular in

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<v Speaker 1>accessing higher education. Richard Humphries established the African Institute in Pennsylvania,

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<v Speaker 1>making it the oldest HBCU.

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<v Speaker 2>In the United States. It's now called Cheney University.

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<v Speaker 1>Its mission was to teach free African American skills for

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<v Speaker 1>gainful employment. Students were taught reading, writing, and basic math,

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<v Speaker 1>alongside religion and industrial arts. During the eighteen fifties, three

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<v Speaker 1>more HBCUs were founded Minor Normal School in eighteen fifty

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<v Speaker 1>one in Washington, d C. Lincoln University in eighteen fifty

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<v Speaker 1>four in Pennsylvania, and Wilberforce In eighteen fifty six in Ohigh,

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<v Speaker 1>the Ame Church established Wilberfirst University, the first HBCU operated

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<v Speaker 1>by African Americans. The provision of education for people of

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<v Speaker 1>African descent and early America was recognized by some as

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<v Speaker 1>unnecessary and criminal, while others saw it as essential and vital.

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<v Speaker 2>Sound familiar all right.

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<v Speaker 1>The majority of HBCUs originated from eighteen sixty five to

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<v Speaker 1>nineteen hundred, with the greatest number of HBUs started in

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<v Speaker 1>eighteen sixty seven, two years after the Emancipation Proclamation, and

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<v Speaker 1>approximately eighty nine percent of all HBCUs are in the

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<v Speaker 1>southern region of the United States, although they can be

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<v Speaker 1>found in Delaware, Illinois, Maryland, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and

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<v Speaker 1>West Virginia. North Carolina hosts eleven HBCUs, Louisiana has seven,

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<v Speaker 1>and Alabama has twelve. While many consider HBCUs to be

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<v Speaker 1>a homogeneous group, there are levels of diversity within this

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<v Speaker 1>unique classification of institutions, not only by academic distinction and

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<v Speaker 1>socioeconomic status, but also in student demographics. In addition, HBCUs

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<v Speaker 1>have diverse classifications public, private, denominational, liberal arts, land grant

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<v Speaker 1>independent university system, single gender serving research based large and small,

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<v Speaker 1>with enrollment numbers that range from less than three hundred

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<v Speaker 1>to over eleven thousand students.

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<v Speaker 2>And the reason we wanted.

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<v Speaker 1>To share this one, of course, is because it's consistent

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<v Speaker 1>with our guests and their plight, but also so that

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<v Speaker 1>you understand that education is not, nor has it been

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<v Speaker 1>the same for people around the country, and for those

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<v Speaker 1>of you who count yourselves allies that may not have

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<v Speaker 1>had anyone explain why things.

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<v Speaker 2>Look a little different.

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<v Speaker 1>You know, there's a lot of factors that go into

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<v Speaker 1>education that are unique, that manifest in education before they

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<v Speaker 1>manifest in the workforce or and you know, other types

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<v Speaker 1>of data, and there is indeed an origin story that

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<v Speaker 1>you may not be aware of, and so we wanted

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<v Speaker 1>to make sure to illuminate this. Of course, there's more

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<v Speaker 1>research for you to do, and we invite you to

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<v Speaker 1>do that at your leisure, but hopefully we've given you

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<v Speaker 1>a starting point