1 00:00:01,480 --> 00:00:04,280 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you should know, a production of I 2 00:00:04,360 --> 00:00:13,080 Speaker 1: Heart Radio. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh. 3 00:00:13,160 --> 00:00:18,840 Speaker 1: There's Chuck in. There is a certain lady holding an 4 00:00:18,840 --> 00:00:22,880 Speaker 1: open flip. Nope, holding an open flame and wearing sandals, 5 00:00:24,120 --> 00:00:28,200 Speaker 1: so this must be sandals and lady, are we at 6 00:00:28,200 --> 00:00:33,839 Speaker 1: a fish concert? Yep, she's an app that has is 7 00:00:33,880 --> 00:00:36,400 Speaker 1: an open flame on her phone? Did she just does 8 00:00:36,440 --> 00:00:40,600 Speaker 1: she have a whippet balloon at her feet? Yes, that's 9 00:00:40,640 --> 00:00:45,240 Speaker 1: exactly right. You can't see it from below the pedestal, though. Ah, 10 00:00:45,680 --> 00:00:50,040 Speaker 1: that's very nice, so Chuck, No, No, it's so wrong. 11 00:00:50,080 --> 00:00:52,519 Speaker 1: I wasn't talking about someone at a fish concert. I 12 00:00:52,560 --> 00:00:56,639 Speaker 1: was talking about the Statue of Liberty. Good, because that's 13 00:00:56,640 --> 00:01:00,160 Speaker 1: what I researched. Same here, same here. Because if we 14 00:01:00,240 --> 00:01:04,400 Speaker 1: had just both happened to research the wrong thing. Um, 15 00:01:04,440 --> 00:01:06,480 Speaker 1: but it was the same thing, we could have still 16 00:01:06,560 --> 00:01:09,160 Speaker 1: just pulled it out like we are right now. Maybe, 17 00:01:10,040 --> 00:01:12,840 Speaker 1: But but we both researched the Liberty Enlightening the World 18 00:01:12,920 --> 00:01:17,039 Speaker 1: statue that's right, better known as the Statue of Liberty 19 00:01:17,080 --> 00:01:19,440 Speaker 1: to the you know, HOI POLOI, But for those in 20 00:01:19,480 --> 00:01:22,720 Speaker 1: the know, it's really Liberty Enlightening the World. And hope 21 00:01:23,240 --> 00:01:28,360 Speaker 1: is Hawaiian for huddled masses. That's right, wretched, um wretched? 22 00:01:28,959 --> 00:01:31,760 Speaker 1: Uh it wasn't. Yeah, it was a wretched you're cold 23 00:01:31,840 --> 00:01:35,560 Speaker 1: and tired and wretched? Were they wretched? That's that's how 24 00:01:35,680 --> 00:01:38,120 Speaker 1: Mma Lazarus put it. And I mean, I don't think 25 00:01:38,160 --> 00:01:40,119 Speaker 1: she was being me, and I think she was saying 26 00:01:40,160 --> 00:01:43,840 Speaker 1: that the state that they found themselves in was fairly wretched. 27 00:01:45,280 --> 00:01:48,400 Speaker 1: She called them your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, 28 00:01:48,680 --> 00:01:52,280 Speaker 1: the wretched refuse of your teeming shore. And she was 29 00:01:52,320 --> 00:01:56,640 Speaker 1: talking to continental Europe. But she was also basically saying, 30 00:01:56,680 --> 00:01:58,840 Speaker 1: like you guys suck. You send us your worst. We're 31 00:01:58,840 --> 00:02:02,160 Speaker 1: going to turn them into our best. Right. And like 32 00:02:02,240 --> 00:02:04,560 Speaker 1: you said, we're talking about the statue that if you 33 00:02:04,680 --> 00:02:07,880 Speaker 1: have been to New York City, Uh sits there in 34 00:02:07,920 --> 00:02:12,200 Speaker 1: the harbor, looming large at the time, the largest statue. 35 00:02:13,120 --> 00:02:15,880 Speaker 1: And clear up one misconception before we kind of get 36 00:02:15,880 --> 00:02:18,760 Speaker 1: to the history. You often hear like it was a 37 00:02:18,800 --> 00:02:22,200 Speaker 1: gift from the French government to the American government. Uh. 38 00:02:22,320 --> 00:02:25,080 Speaker 1: Not true, And I always sort of thought that, but 39 00:02:25,200 --> 00:02:28,840 Speaker 1: as we will learn, it's an even cooler story because 40 00:02:28,880 --> 00:02:33,519 Speaker 1: like real people paid for it with oftentimes very small donations, 41 00:02:33,600 --> 00:02:37,079 Speaker 1: much like uh Bernie Sanders was was building the statue. 42 00:02:37,200 --> 00:02:39,640 Speaker 1: It was just about to smoop him with that nice 43 00:02:39,680 --> 00:02:43,240 Speaker 1: work man. Thanks so um yeah, they they it was. 44 00:02:43,400 --> 00:02:47,200 Speaker 1: It was paid for by hard fought funds that came 45 00:02:47,240 --> 00:02:49,560 Speaker 1: from the people. I love that too. But there was 46 00:02:49,600 --> 00:02:51,800 Speaker 1: one guy who came up with the idea. This is 47 00:02:51,840 --> 00:02:53,359 Speaker 1: one of those things where it's like there was a 48 00:02:53,440 --> 00:02:56,040 Speaker 1: dude walking around and the idea for the statue of 49 00:02:56,120 --> 00:02:59,600 Speaker 1: Liberty popped into his head. And I love stories that 50 00:02:59,680 --> 00:03:02,880 Speaker 1: star like that, some guys just walking down the boulevard 51 00:03:03,080 --> 00:03:06,120 Speaker 1: and his name happens to in this case be Eduard 52 00:03:06,160 --> 00:03:10,440 Speaker 1: de Delaboulay, and he was walking around France in eighteen 53 00:03:10,480 --> 00:03:13,000 Speaker 1: sixty five and saying, you know, this place used to 54 00:03:13,000 --> 00:03:16,160 Speaker 1: be a lot better when it was a democracy, right, 55 00:03:16,880 --> 00:03:19,320 Speaker 1: and now we're under the rule of Napoleon the third 56 00:03:20,280 --> 00:03:22,839 Speaker 1: things aren't so great. And you know where things are 57 00:03:22,880 --> 00:03:26,840 Speaker 1: looking pretty decent is over there in those United States 58 00:03:26,919 --> 00:03:32,079 Speaker 1: where they have just uh Lincoln has come along issued 59 00:03:32,120 --> 00:03:35,400 Speaker 1: the Emancipate Patient Proclamation, and like they're trying to do 60 00:03:35,480 --> 00:03:38,360 Speaker 1: things right over there, and I think we should recognize 61 00:03:38,400 --> 00:03:43,160 Speaker 1: them and also sort of say to our own French people. Hey, 62 00:03:43,520 --> 00:03:46,480 Speaker 1: look at what they're doing over there, not bad? Yeah, 63 00:03:46,600 --> 00:03:49,200 Speaker 1: by by honoring America. And in this case it was 64 00:03:49,200 --> 00:03:53,600 Speaker 1: going to be giving America birthday gift from France UM 65 00:03:53,640 --> 00:03:56,720 Speaker 1: on our hundredth birthday in eighteen seventy six. Yeah, it 66 00:03:56,760 --> 00:03:58,560 Speaker 1: would kind of shine a light on friends and be like, hey, 67 00:03:58,600 --> 00:04:00,680 Speaker 1: look at how great things can be. Like they ratify 68 00:04:00,760 --> 00:04:03,080 Speaker 1: the thirteenth Amendment. Over there is no slavery anymore. Like 69 00:04:03,120 --> 00:04:05,800 Speaker 1: people are free, they're taking immigrants, and it's like a 70 00:04:05,800 --> 00:04:12,400 Speaker 1: beautiful place. Let's be more like America. UM and right. Yeah, 71 00:04:12,520 --> 00:04:16,400 Speaker 1: So he started um asking around um and and sharing 72 00:04:16,480 --> 00:04:19,520 Speaker 1: his idea and it actually kind of caught fire in 73 00:04:19,520 --> 00:04:21,920 Speaker 1: a lot of ways. It wasn't like a ho home 74 00:04:21,920 --> 00:04:23,799 Speaker 1: idea by any means. There are a lot of people 75 00:04:23,800 --> 00:04:25,520 Speaker 1: in France who supported it. And one of the people 76 00:04:25,560 --> 00:04:30,600 Speaker 1: who joined on board very early on was Frederica Augusta Bartoldi, 77 00:04:30,760 --> 00:04:33,760 Speaker 1: who ended up being the sculptor who sculpted the statue 78 00:04:33,760 --> 00:04:36,440 Speaker 1: of Liberty. And he sculpted. He came up with the 79 00:04:36,480 --> 00:04:40,200 Speaker 1: idea really fast, almost suspiciously fast, and when people grabbed 80 00:04:40,240 --> 00:04:41,960 Speaker 1: him by his lapels and said how did you come 81 00:04:42,000 --> 00:04:44,800 Speaker 1: up with this beautiful idea so fast they shook out 82 00:04:44,839 --> 00:04:47,360 Speaker 1: of him a piece of scrap paper that he had 83 00:04:47,400 --> 00:04:53,280 Speaker 1: submitted elsewhere. Yeah. Yeah, he did what any great designer does, 84 00:04:53,880 --> 00:04:56,920 Speaker 1: which is kind of sifted through his bag of used 85 00:04:57,080 --> 00:05:00,479 Speaker 1: tricks because he was on a deadline. He actually wasn't 86 00:05:00,480 --> 00:05:02,719 Speaker 1: on a deadline, but yeah. He had in the eighteen 87 00:05:02,800 --> 00:05:07,520 Speaker 1: fifties gone to the Middle East and was inspired by 88 00:05:07,520 --> 00:05:10,280 Speaker 1: the Sphinx and the Pyramids and said, you know, I'd 89 00:05:10,279 --> 00:05:12,760 Speaker 1: like to do something really nice like that. And he 90 00:05:12,839 --> 00:05:16,160 Speaker 1: got his chance when Egypt said, hey, we want a 91 00:05:16,200 --> 00:05:19,440 Speaker 1: big lighthouse in the Suez Canal here, and he came 92 00:05:19,480 --> 00:05:23,360 Speaker 1: up with this cool, large, tall lady with a lamp 93 00:05:23,440 --> 00:05:27,440 Speaker 1: to guide the people's way into through the Suez Canal. 94 00:05:28,279 --> 00:05:31,200 Speaker 1: And then they said, nah, we don't think we're gonna 95 00:05:31,279 --> 00:05:34,960 Speaker 1: do that anyway, And instead of just being angry and upset, 96 00:05:35,040 --> 00:05:38,160 Speaker 1: he said, that's fine, I'll just repurpose it. Yeah, he said, 97 00:05:38,200 --> 00:05:40,839 Speaker 1: it's like water off a duck's back. Egypt, I don't care. 98 00:05:41,400 --> 00:05:43,720 Speaker 1: I got I got other things to do. And I'd 99 00:05:43,720 --> 00:05:46,120 Speaker 1: like to think of it as not that um that 100 00:05:46,120 --> 00:05:49,520 Speaker 1: that we got a second hand design, but more like 101 00:05:49,560 --> 00:05:53,240 Speaker 1: the design was so great that it must be, it 102 00:05:53,320 --> 00:05:55,760 Speaker 1: must come into existence, and that it came into an 103 00:05:55,800 --> 00:06:00,679 Speaker 1: even better existence in the harbor off of Manhattan Um 104 00:06:00,800 --> 00:06:04,040 Speaker 1: rather than the Suez Canal. Yeah, he worked smarter, not harder. 105 00:06:04,560 --> 00:06:06,960 Speaker 1: That's right. That's another way to put if you're a landscaper. 106 00:06:07,560 --> 00:06:10,320 Speaker 1: He had to change a few things around. He had 107 00:06:10,320 --> 00:06:12,560 Speaker 1: to change Yeah, that in green side up. Those are 108 00:06:12,560 --> 00:06:14,560 Speaker 1: the only two things you have to remember. Those are 109 00:06:14,680 --> 00:06:16,800 Speaker 1: kind of the rules, I thought. Yeah. Uh so he 110 00:06:16,920 --> 00:06:21,400 Speaker 1: changed up a few things from his initial Egyptian design um, 111 00:06:21,480 --> 00:06:25,320 Speaker 1: namely the Egyptian look. He changed that up and instead 112 00:06:25,320 --> 00:06:28,720 Speaker 1: of this kind of Egyptian headdress, came up with that 113 00:06:28,800 --> 00:06:32,880 Speaker 1: cool spiky hat. Yeah. Hey, I didn't realize this, did you. That? 114 00:06:33,040 --> 00:06:37,000 Speaker 1: Like that crown against her forehead, that's a crown, but 115 00:06:37,120 --> 00:06:40,000 Speaker 1: this those spikes coming off off of it are like 116 00:06:40,080 --> 00:06:43,240 Speaker 1: reflections of rays from the sun. They're not meant to be. 117 00:06:43,400 --> 00:06:46,000 Speaker 1: It's not like a structural part of the crown or 118 00:06:46,120 --> 00:06:49,960 Speaker 1: or not. It's not meant to be. Oh so that's 119 00:06:49,960 --> 00:06:54,680 Speaker 1: supposed to be interesting. Yeah, it's seven rays of sunlight 120 00:06:54,680 --> 00:06:57,280 Speaker 1: shining out from it like that that I guess is 121 00:06:57,720 --> 00:07:00,680 Speaker 1: reflecting off of It's meant to be like the sun 122 00:07:00,760 --> 00:07:03,719 Speaker 1: reflecting all. Yeah, you think it's just like a like 123 00:07:03,800 --> 00:07:07,080 Speaker 1: almost like, um, I don't know, like a like a 124 00:07:07,160 --> 00:07:10,320 Speaker 1: Guarus kind of thing. Yeah, like a spiky, cool grown 125 00:07:10,400 --> 00:07:13,800 Speaker 1: yeah exactly. Uh, yeah, I'd be interested. I wonder if 126 00:07:13,800 --> 00:07:16,880 Speaker 1: anyone is done little photo shopping without that to see 127 00:07:16,920 --> 00:07:19,120 Speaker 1: the true nature of the hat the ground, like to see. 128 00:07:19,160 --> 00:07:21,280 Speaker 1: I know a few people who are good at photoshop. 129 00:07:22,240 --> 00:07:24,760 Speaker 1: I don't know, but you're gonna get your face in 130 00:07:24,840 --> 00:07:29,160 Speaker 1: my body, that's right, and our worst pictures. Uh. The 131 00:07:29,200 --> 00:07:31,160 Speaker 1: other thing they changed, or one of the other things 132 00:07:31,160 --> 00:07:35,440 Speaker 1: he changed, was the original statue had a lamp, and 133 00:07:35,520 --> 00:07:37,760 Speaker 1: he said, the lamp is nice for the Suis Canal, 134 00:07:37,840 --> 00:07:40,520 Speaker 1: but let's go with a torch for the United States. 135 00:07:40,960 --> 00:07:45,440 Speaker 1: And because it um, it symbolized enlightenment. It was liberty, 136 00:07:45,560 --> 00:07:48,480 Speaker 1: enlightening the world, you know, Like, I guess you could 137 00:07:48,600 --> 00:07:50,760 Speaker 1: enlighten the world with the lamp, but the lamps more 138 00:07:50,800 --> 00:07:55,640 Speaker 1: like showing the way. This is like casting the light 139 00:07:55,680 --> 00:07:59,440 Speaker 1: of enlightenment out in every direction. You know that better 140 00:08:00,000 --> 00:08:05,520 Speaker 1: metaphorical showing the metaphorical way. Sure almost had metaphysical um. 141 00:08:05,840 --> 00:08:09,880 Speaker 1: Then there was also that tablet. She's holding it her side. 142 00:08:10,000 --> 00:08:14,480 Speaker 1: The tablet of law with July four, seventeen seventy six 143 00:08:15,000 --> 00:08:17,640 Speaker 1: and Roman numerals they're inscribed on the side. That was 144 00:08:17,680 --> 00:08:20,440 Speaker 1: a new edition because the first, the original one um 145 00:08:21,080 --> 00:08:23,400 Speaker 1: progress carrying a light to Asia in the US canal 146 00:08:23,880 --> 00:08:26,800 Speaker 1: just had her had her hand like cup by her side, 147 00:08:27,000 --> 00:08:29,280 Speaker 1: not even doing anything. It's kind of like hand on 148 00:08:29,320 --> 00:08:32,120 Speaker 1: the hip right or now, Yeah, when I dip, you dip, 149 00:08:32,280 --> 00:08:36,240 Speaker 1: we dip right. Uh. And then to call back your 150 00:08:36,480 --> 00:08:39,920 Speaker 1: very sly little joke that you stuck in there at 151 00:08:39,920 --> 00:08:43,200 Speaker 1: the front of this podcast. You cannot from the ground 152 00:08:43,320 --> 00:08:47,079 Speaker 1: level because the pedestal is so tall. See what's going 153 00:08:47,120 --> 00:08:49,839 Speaker 1: on with the feet? And I had never really looked, 154 00:08:50,240 --> 00:08:52,960 Speaker 1: but right there, if you google a picture of Lady 155 00:08:53,000 --> 00:08:56,520 Speaker 1: Statue of Liberty's feet, there are broken shackles and a 156 00:08:56,600 --> 00:09:00,959 Speaker 1: broken chain that represents the abolition of slavery. And I 157 00:09:01,080 --> 00:09:04,160 Speaker 1: never knew that was there either. Yeah. And so after 158 00:09:04,280 --> 00:09:06,200 Speaker 1: Bart told they said, listen, guys, look, I made all 159 00:09:06,240 --> 00:09:10,199 Speaker 1: these changes. They they have flattened out his suit and 160 00:09:10,320 --> 00:09:12,679 Speaker 1: straightened his tie and put his glasses back on, and 161 00:09:12,679 --> 00:09:14,839 Speaker 1: then they lift him up on their shoulders and they said, 162 00:09:14,920 --> 00:09:18,360 Speaker 1: bear Toldie, Bear Toldie, And they carried him down the 163 00:09:18,800 --> 00:09:22,440 Speaker 1: avenue um and as a kind of an initial parade, 164 00:09:22,480 --> 00:09:24,839 Speaker 1: there'd be a lot of parades surrounding the Statue of 165 00:09:24,920 --> 00:09:31,240 Speaker 1: Liberty and its development. He disappeared. It was an accident, man, 166 00:09:31,360 --> 00:09:33,640 Speaker 1: it was an accident. The group agreed never to speak 167 00:09:33,679 --> 00:09:37,120 Speaker 1: of it. But so regardless, what I'm trying to say 168 00:09:37,240 --> 00:09:39,959 Speaker 1: is Bear toldie he got the contract to to be 169 00:09:40,120 --> 00:09:44,240 Speaker 1: the guy who designed this wonderful statue for France to 170 00:09:44,360 --> 00:09:48,280 Speaker 1: give to the United States. Right, so he hops on 171 00:09:48,640 --> 00:09:52,520 Speaker 1: a a plane. No no, no, not a plane. I 172 00:09:52,559 --> 00:09:55,480 Speaker 1: would guess a steamership or something. I can't imagine how 173 00:09:55,559 --> 00:09:59,400 Speaker 1: long that kind of stuff just took, how patients, But 174 00:09:59,480 --> 00:10:02,760 Speaker 1: it's a ocean voyage. There's like a sense of adventure, definitely, 175 00:10:02,840 --> 00:10:05,320 Speaker 1: but also after you do it, like for the umteenth time, 176 00:10:05,440 --> 00:10:08,679 Speaker 1: it's probably like, come on, although if you don't have 177 00:10:08,760 --> 00:10:12,040 Speaker 1: any frame of reference of things going any faster, maybe 178 00:10:12,080 --> 00:10:14,920 Speaker 1: it doesn't seem quite as long, like you and I 179 00:10:15,200 --> 00:10:19,760 Speaker 1: having flown taking a steamer. It's just like but it's 180 00:10:19,800 --> 00:10:21,400 Speaker 1: not like someone would have said, you know what else 181 00:10:21,520 --> 00:10:25,439 Speaker 1: is a sense of adventure? The concorde, that's right, A 182 00:10:25,520 --> 00:10:29,560 Speaker 1: lot quicker too, but very very adventurous. Heard they're bringing 183 00:10:29,640 --> 00:10:32,079 Speaker 1: that back. Yeah. I think we talked about that in 184 00:10:32,160 --> 00:10:35,400 Speaker 1: an episode. Didn't we do one on the concord? Yeah, 185 00:10:35,840 --> 00:10:38,520 Speaker 1: but I don't remember us talking about coming back. I 186 00:10:38,679 --> 00:10:41,360 Speaker 1: think we did. I think we mentioned I mean, there 187 00:10:41,400 --> 00:10:44,600 Speaker 1: needs to be something super fast. They're like at this point, yes, 188 00:10:45,360 --> 00:10:49,080 Speaker 1: we're there, we're at teleportation stage. We're definitely lagging behind. 189 00:10:49,800 --> 00:10:53,000 Speaker 1: I think. So that's like the Seinfeld gag when they 190 00:10:54,640 --> 00:10:57,199 Speaker 1: when they talk about we're going to try and like 191 00:10:57,320 --> 00:11:00,760 Speaker 1: make up some airtime or whatever, and he was just like, 192 00:11:00,840 --> 00:11:03,160 Speaker 1: why aren't they just flying as fast as they can 193 00:11:03,280 --> 00:11:06,600 Speaker 1: every single time? Does it? That's like, that's a very 194 00:11:06,640 --> 00:11:11,240 Speaker 1: good point, the mind boggling Seinfeld. Alright, So in seventy one, 195 00:11:11,280 --> 00:11:13,800 Speaker 1: he gets on that steamership. He comes over to travel 196 00:11:13,880 --> 00:11:16,120 Speaker 1: to the United States to try and get some support 197 00:11:16,200 --> 00:11:18,520 Speaker 1: because this is going to be a very expensive project, 198 00:11:19,000 --> 00:11:22,120 Speaker 1: and maybe to kind of scout out some locations and boom, 199 00:11:22,520 --> 00:11:25,079 Speaker 1: right there, as he's pulling into New York Harbor, he 200 00:11:25,200 --> 00:11:29,800 Speaker 1: sees the light, the metaphorical light, and sees Bedloe Island 201 00:11:29,840 --> 00:11:33,319 Speaker 1: b E d l o E right there in the harbor, 202 00:11:33,400 --> 00:11:35,160 Speaker 1: and he was like, wait a minute, what is this place? 203 00:11:35,200 --> 00:11:38,079 Speaker 1: And everyone said Oh, it's nothing. It's just it's a 204 00:11:38,200 --> 00:11:42,600 Speaker 1: hunting and fishing ground, uh for the Lenape Native Americans 205 00:11:42,640 --> 00:11:45,760 Speaker 1: here before us, and then the Dutch settled it, and 206 00:11:45,880 --> 00:11:48,959 Speaker 1: now the U. S Military owns it and it's you 207 00:11:49,000 --> 00:11:50,640 Speaker 1: don't really need to worry about it. And he was like, no, 208 00:11:50,800 --> 00:11:54,280 Speaker 1: I do, because that, my friends, is the perfect spot. Yeah, 209 00:11:54,920 --> 00:11:57,920 Speaker 1: it was perfectly situated to watch over the ships coming 210 00:11:58,000 --> 00:12:02,440 Speaker 1: into the harbor. Um and uh, that became the spot 211 00:12:02,600 --> 00:12:04,800 Speaker 1: for the Statue of Liberty. It really is a great 212 00:12:04,840 --> 00:12:08,120 Speaker 1: spot for it. And it was renamed Liberty Island in 213 00:12:08,240 --> 00:12:13,040 Speaker 1: nineteen fifty six by the Eisenhower administration. So so but totally. 214 00:12:13,080 --> 00:12:16,360 Speaker 1: He goes back to France and um, he's met some 215 00:12:16,520 --> 00:12:20,000 Speaker 1: Americans and drummed up the interests among Americans. He's found 216 00:12:20,040 --> 00:12:22,839 Speaker 1: the site for this amazing place that he's going to 217 00:12:23,280 --> 00:12:27,520 Speaker 1: build the world's tallest sculpture on um and he ends 218 00:12:27,600 --> 00:12:32,480 Speaker 1: up helping found the Franco American Union, which, as you said, 219 00:12:32,559 --> 00:12:35,480 Speaker 1: this wasn't a gift from the French government to the 220 00:12:35,640 --> 00:12:38,000 Speaker 1: American government. As as a matter of fact, I think 221 00:12:38,080 --> 00:12:40,120 Speaker 1: that was the first thing that Bert TOLDI and his 222 00:12:40,440 --> 00:12:45,199 Speaker 1: his friends tried. The friends said no, the Americans said, no, 223 00:12:45,720 --> 00:12:48,199 Speaker 1: that's just ridiculous. It's gonna cost too much and it 224 00:12:48,200 --> 00:12:52,360 Speaker 1: will never work. So they started trying trying to cobble 225 00:12:52,400 --> 00:12:55,120 Speaker 1: together like private support for it, and the results of 226 00:12:55,200 --> 00:12:57,560 Speaker 1: that was the Franco American Union. And I have one thing, 227 00:12:57,840 --> 00:13:00,200 Speaker 1: one thing to say about the Franco American and Uck 228 00:13:01,080 --> 00:13:03,320 Speaker 1: I was like, Franco American sounds really familiar. And then 229 00:13:03,360 --> 00:13:08,800 Speaker 1: I realized Franco American spaghetti. Remember that spaghetti in a can. Yeah, 230 00:13:09,040 --> 00:13:12,400 Speaker 1: it makes zero sense. The French aren't well known for 231 00:13:12,480 --> 00:13:17,959 Speaker 1: their spaghetti and spaghetti sauce, spaghetti right the um the 232 00:13:18,120 --> 00:13:21,240 Speaker 1: Italians are. And I think it was an Italian company. 233 00:13:21,440 --> 00:13:23,640 Speaker 1: I think they took that name on because they were 234 00:13:23,679 --> 00:13:26,360 Speaker 1: founded around the time that the Franco American Union was 235 00:13:26,440 --> 00:13:29,240 Speaker 1: trying to drum up interest in the Statue of Liberty project. 236 00:13:29,520 --> 00:13:32,920 Speaker 1: I couldn't find support for that. But that's my new hypothesis. 237 00:13:33,280 --> 00:13:35,920 Speaker 1: All right, Let's say we take a break and ponder that. 238 00:13:36,240 --> 00:13:38,439 Speaker 1: Maybe have some of it, all right, because that's not 239 00:13:38,520 --> 00:13:41,400 Speaker 1: chapoy already, that's different, right, I I don't I like both, 240 00:13:41,600 --> 00:13:44,240 Speaker 1: but yes, that's different. All right, Well, we'll go do 241 00:13:44,360 --> 00:13:46,400 Speaker 1: a sample of each and we'll come back with our 242 00:13:46,440 --> 00:14:15,240 Speaker 1: winner right after this. Who won? They were both winners, 243 00:14:15,440 --> 00:14:19,280 Speaker 1: all right. I love that ravioli still, I'd never get it, 244 00:14:19,360 --> 00:14:22,040 Speaker 1: like once every three or four years, I'll get that 245 00:14:22,320 --> 00:14:25,640 Speaker 1: tangy what is even in that? What kind of meat 246 00:14:25,720 --> 00:14:27,840 Speaker 1: is in that ravioli? And I'll eat it. I know, 247 00:14:27,960 --> 00:14:31,200 Speaker 1: I haven't had Franco American spaghetti since I can't even remember, 248 00:14:31,240 --> 00:14:35,480 Speaker 1: but I do remember it being the sweet spaghetti, because 249 00:14:35,480 --> 00:14:38,480 Speaker 1: that's what we need, right. Uh. Have you ever been 250 00:14:38,520 --> 00:14:40,000 Speaker 1: to the Statue of Liberty, first of all, like in 251 00:14:40,200 --> 00:14:42,160 Speaker 1: and traveled up and done the whole thing. I was 252 00:14:42,200 --> 00:14:44,280 Speaker 1: hoping you weren't going to ask me that. No, I haven't. 253 00:14:44,960 --> 00:14:49,000 Speaker 1: I haven't either. I did you know? It's it's Liberty 254 00:14:49,040 --> 00:14:51,880 Speaker 1: Island now and there's Liberty State Park as part of 255 00:14:51,960 --> 00:14:54,920 Speaker 1: the grounds. And I went to see radio Head there, 256 00:14:56,080 --> 00:15:01,440 Speaker 1: uh in late August two thousand one, right there with 257 00:15:01,680 --> 00:15:04,920 Speaker 1: the Statue of Liberty looming and the Twin Towers right 258 00:15:04,960 --> 00:15:08,400 Speaker 1: across the water. Good night, And of course, you know, 259 00:15:08,600 --> 00:15:10,840 Speaker 1: it was just a couple of weeks after that that 260 00:15:10,920 --> 00:15:14,400 Speaker 1: the Twin Towers were gone. It was very, uh surreal 261 00:15:14,480 --> 00:15:16,560 Speaker 1: to have gone to that show at that moment in time. 262 00:15:17,080 --> 00:15:20,600 Speaker 1: Uh and almost, well not almost twenty years ago, almost, 263 00:15:20,680 --> 00:15:26,480 Speaker 1: meaning as we record, just a couple of days away. Right, So, chuck, Um, 264 00:15:27,560 --> 00:15:29,320 Speaker 1: you haven't been to the set of Liberty either, I 265 00:15:29,360 --> 00:15:31,440 Speaker 1: guess is ultimately the point of your story. No, just 266 00:15:31,520 --> 00:15:36,200 Speaker 1: a Radiohead concert, Okay. So I don't feel particularly bad 267 00:15:36,200 --> 00:15:41,400 Speaker 1: because I was reading a piece of contemporary journalism, uh, 268 00:15:41,560 --> 00:15:44,200 Speaker 1: contemporary too when they restored the set of Liberty, which 269 00:15:44,200 --> 00:15:47,000 Speaker 1: we'll talk about for a second later, um, and they 270 00:15:47,080 --> 00:15:49,320 Speaker 1: were talking to the foreman, one of the foreman on 271 00:15:49,400 --> 00:15:51,040 Speaker 1: the job, and he was saying, like, I've lived in 272 00:15:51,120 --> 00:15:53,680 Speaker 1: New York for forty eight years, and it took me 273 00:15:53,840 --> 00:15:56,480 Speaker 1: getting this job to come out here. I've never been here. 274 00:15:57,080 --> 00:15:59,680 Speaker 1: So I think like a lot of people, including people 275 00:15:59,720 --> 00:16:03,440 Speaker 1: who I think tourists, are the ones who have been 276 00:16:03,520 --> 00:16:06,560 Speaker 1: to the Statue of Liberty. Not to say like I'm 277 00:16:06,600 --> 00:16:09,200 Speaker 1: not a tourist when I go to New York, but right, 278 00:16:09,680 --> 00:16:11,240 Speaker 1: it just makes me feel a little less bad that 279 00:16:11,280 --> 00:16:13,080 Speaker 1: it's not like, what kind of an American are you 280 00:16:13,160 --> 00:16:15,720 Speaker 1: haven't been to the Statue of Liberty? You call me? Yeah, 281 00:16:15,840 --> 00:16:18,640 Speaker 1: And it kind of feels like and I'm completely wrong here, 282 00:16:18,640 --> 00:16:20,280 Speaker 1: but it kind of feels like one of those where 283 00:16:20,760 --> 00:16:22,520 Speaker 1: you're like, no, you know, I get a nice view 284 00:16:22,600 --> 00:16:24,680 Speaker 1: of it from New York, and when I fly in 285 00:16:24,760 --> 00:16:26,240 Speaker 1: and out, you get a really nice view of it. 286 00:16:26,320 --> 00:16:27,760 Speaker 1: Like why do I need to actually go over there? 287 00:16:27,840 --> 00:16:30,920 Speaker 1: But that should probably make the journey over there. We'll 288 00:16:30,960 --> 00:16:35,920 Speaker 1: do it together holding their hands of fraternity, liberty, egality 289 00:16:36,520 --> 00:16:41,360 Speaker 1: and podcaster. That's right, so uh Bert told he comes 290 00:16:41,440 --> 00:16:44,960 Speaker 1: back to France. Oh yeah, forgot about. As the story goes, 291 00:16:45,240 --> 00:16:48,640 Speaker 1: he attends a wedding and sees this young woman and 292 00:16:48,760 --> 00:16:52,120 Speaker 1: it's like whoa ho ho who is that holding that? 293 00:16:52,800 --> 00:16:56,360 Speaker 1: Everyone said, yeah, she had a hat box and everyone said, 294 00:16:56,400 --> 00:17:00,480 Speaker 1: that's Jean Emily. How do you pronounce her last name? Uh? 295 00:17:00,800 --> 00:17:05,240 Speaker 1: Bho bay Hugh. You were doing so good with the 296 00:17:05,320 --> 00:17:12,800 Speaker 1: French b a h e u X. I know that 297 00:17:12,960 --> 00:17:15,520 Speaker 1: last part would has to be you right, yeah or 298 00:17:15,600 --> 00:17:23,320 Speaker 1: go oh baho? Where's going with ms B? Yeah, let's 299 00:17:23,320 --> 00:17:26,959 Speaker 1: call her miss B And he said, I have finally 300 00:17:27,080 --> 00:17:30,320 Speaker 1: met my lady Liberty. He goes on to Mary this 301 00:17:30,520 --> 00:17:34,480 Speaker 1: woman and as legend has it, uh and I don't 302 00:17:34,520 --> 00:17:36,600 Speaker 1: think he's ever confirmed from him, but his legend has 303 00:17:36,680 --> 00:17:40,960 Speaker 1: it he used her as the body model for the 304 00:17:41,000 --> 00:17:46,320 Speaker 1: Statue of Liberty and supposedly his mother Charlotte's face, which 305 00:17:46,440 --> 00:17:49,840 Speaker 1: is you know, it introduces a certain level of Freudiani is, um, yeah, 306 00:17:50,000 --> 00:17:54,200 Speaker 1: paging Dr Freud big time. My mom's face on my 307 00:17:54,240 --> 00:17:57,680 Speaker 1: wife's body. Dave helped us out with this, uh, and 308 00:17:58,000 --> 00:18:03,159 Speaker 1: he says that apparently his mother struck a stern, imposing figure, 309 00:18:03,280 --> 00:18:07,159 Speaker 1: so that's why he chose his mother's face. You know, 310 00:18:07,160 --> 00:18:09,440 Speaker 1: all right, we're just gonna go with that and just 311 00:18:09,600 --> 00:18:12,680 Speaker 1: kind of slowly back out of this room. That's right. 312 00:18:13,119 --> 00:18:14,879 Speaker 1: The next thing he needed to do after he had 313 00:18:14,960 --> 00:18:19,399 Speaker 1: his artistic inspiration and his model was too you know, 314 00:18:19,520 --> 00:18:23,200 Speaker 1: he didn't he's not a builder of things. He's he's well, 315 00:18:23,240 --> 00:18:24,719 Speaker 1: he is a builder of things, but he's not an 316 00:18:24,800 --> 00:18:26,920 Speaker 1: engineer and an architect on that level. Yeah, he was 317 00:18:27,160 --> 00:18:29,040 Speaker 1: very much interested in that kind of stuff, but he 318 00:18:29,200 --> 00:18:31,359 Speaker 1: was it was way beyond the scope of what he 319 00:18:31,480 --> 00:18:35,040 Speaker 1: was capable of understanding himself. Yes, so he needed some 320 00:18:35,359 --> 00:18:39,200 Speaker 1: help and he figured that first of all, this is 321 00:18:39,240 --> 00:18:41,440 Speaker 1: the tallest statue in the world at the time, so 322 00:18:41,480 --> 00:18:43,560 Speaker 1: it's going to be a challenge. And then what I 323 00:18:43,640 --> 00:18:47,680 Speaker 1: want to do is build it in France and then 324 00:18:47,920 --> 00:18:50,520 Speaker 1: take it apart and then rebuild it in the States. 325 00:18:51,680 --> 00:18:55,080 Speaker 1: I kind of get this in a way, but I 326 00:18:55,160 --> 00:18:57,560 Speaker 1: almost think that they could have gotten all the parts 327 00:18:58,359 --> 00:19:00,639 Speaker 1: and shipped them to the United States to build on 328 00:19:00,800 --> 00:19:04,000 Speaker 1: site for the first time. I mean, I kind of 329 00:19:04,080 --> 00:19:06,160 Speaker 1: get where he was coming from, though. You don't want 330 00:19:06,480 --> 00:19:09,359 Speaker 1: to send everything over and ending up being like Mr 331 00:19:09,520 --> 00:19:11,439 Speaker 1: mccraig with a leg for an arm and an arm 332 00:19:11,520 --> 00:19:13,200 Speaker 1: for a leg or something like that. You want to 333 00:19:13,240 --> 00:19:16,639 Speaker 1: make sure it works first before you if you ask me. 334 00:19:18,119 --> 00:19:21,280 Speaker 1: That shows it demonstrates the level of dedication that the 335 00:19:21,359 --> 00:19:24,760 Speaker 1: French had to this gift to America. And my hat, 336 00:19:24,920 --> 00:19:27,640 Speaker 1: my chef, how is off to them for it? Well, 337 00:19:27,720 --> 00:19:30,320 Speaker 1: and I guess he figured because my whole logic was like, 338 00:19:30,520 --> 00:19:32,359 Speaker 1: and you could do it in America and solve the 339 00:19:32,400 --> 00:19:35,000 Speaker 1: same problems here as you could have solved there, but 340 00:19:35,359 --> 00:19:37,840 Speaker 1: it would just be more embarrassing here in America. Well 341 00:19:39,000 --> 00:19:41,400 Speaker 1: that but I think he was working with his people 342 00:19:41,480 --> 00:19:44,080 Speaker 1: there and you can't bring all those people over, So 343 00:19:44,320 --> 00:19:46,440 Speaker 1: that was I'm sure there was a comfort level and 344 00:19:46,520 --> 00:19:50,240 Speaker 1: a language issue or barrier potentially that he wouldn't have 345 00:19:50,280 --> 00:19:54,800 Speaker 1: to overcome, So I succumb I also think probably that 346 00:19:55,040 --> 00:19:58,200 Speaker 1: he he was also using it as a way to 347 00:19:58,280 --> 00:20:01,119 Speaker 1: drum up interest in in their for funds for it 348 00:20:01,240 --> 00:20:03,159 Speaker 1: as well, because he had to raise money. We'll get 349 00:20:03,200 --> 00:20:06,720 Speaker 1: to that. So um Bart totally uh talked to a 350 00:20:06,840 --> 00:20:08,920 Speaker 1: couple of architects. The first one he spoke to was 351 00:20:09,280 --> 00:20:12,960 Speaker 1: Eugene viole A l EDuke Uh He was a the 352 00:20:13,160 --> 00:20:16,320 Speaker 1: greatest architect in France at the time, and he basically said, look, 353 00:20:16,480 --> 00:20:19,399 Speaker 1: you want to use this technique called rape whose and 354 00:20:19,480 --> 00:20:21,960 Speaker 1: it's basically what you're gonna do is build a skeleton 355 00:20:22,119 --> 00:20:26,080 Speaker 1: or something of some sort, some sort of structure underneath 356 00:20:26,520 --> 00:20:29,600 Speaker 1: that you can then attach thin sheets of copper too. 357 00:20:29,760 --> 00:20:31,520 Speaker 1: So the sculpture is going to be made at copper, 358 00:20:31,600 --> 00:20:33,800 Speaker 1: but it's not gonna be like cast or carved or 359 00:20:33,800 --> 00:20:37,159 Speaker 1: anything like that. That's that's it would just be impossible 360 00:20:37,240 --> 00:20:41,320 Speaker 1: to do. Um Instead, you're just going to fix copper 361 00:20:41,400 --> 00:20:43,760 Speaker 1: sheets to it to make the thing out of And 362 00:20:43,880 --> 00:20:48,840 Speaker 1: I guess viole A La Duke suggested making a concrete 363 00:20:48,880 --> 00:20:53,119 Speaker 1: structure underneath, and um Bert totally was like, Okay, you know, 364 00:20:53,400 --> 00:20:55,359 Speaker 1: I like you a lot. We've we've had a lot 365 00:20:55,440 --> 00:20:58,359 Speaker 1: of great basketball games together, and um you're my friend, 366 00:20:58,760 --> 00:21:01,440 Speaker 1: I'm gonna go with your recommendation. But then val A 367 00:21:01,600 --> 00:21:07,280 Speaker 1: Leduke died and he came another guy from our podcast history, 368 00:21:07,640 --> 00:21:12,760 Speaker 1: Gustav e fel Or Eiffel there is created the Eiffel Tower. 369 00:21:12,880 --> 00:21:16,240 Speaker 1: And he said, yet this is this is all wrong? 370 00:21:16,400 --> 00:21:21,639 Speaker 1: Like yes, yes, he's like, I'm trying out some new things. Uh. 371 00:21:21,800 --> 00:21:24,920 Speaker 1: He said, yes, I totally agree with val A Leeduke's 372 00:21:25,000 --> 00:21:27,399 Speaker 1: idea to use ray puss. That was a stroke of genius. 373 00:21:27,480 --> 00:21:30,760 Speaker 1: But the idea of like creating the structure underneath that 374 00:21:30,800 --> 00:21:34,200 Speaker 1: a concrete that's way too heavy, way too rigid, and 375 00:21:34,520 --> 00:21:37,800 Speaker 1: it's just totally unnecessary. Try out my new technique of 376 00:21:38,040 --> 00:21:41,040 Speaker 1: trusses and girders made of wrought iron. It's gonna be 377 00:21:41,080 --> 00:21:43,000 Speaker 1: way lighter and it's going to give it a lot 378 00:21:43,080 --> 00:21:46,280 Speaker 1: more flexibility. Yeah. I think he kind of thought that, 379 00:21:46,480 --> 00:21:48,200 Speaker 1: and I think it was probably right. Is that other 380 00:21:48,240 --> 00:21:50,720 Speaker 1: way it was a little more old school, and that 381 00:21:50,920 --> 00:21:53,920 Speaker 1: he saw the future, you know, pre Eiffel Tower. He 382 00:21:54,040 --> 00:21:56,960 Speaker 1: was the future and wrought iron, I guess. So he 383 00:21:57,040 --> 00:21:59,600 Speaker 1: was in love with those iron girders, and so he said, 384 00:21:59,640 --> 00:22:03,800 Speaker 1: here's what do We'll design this giant nine two pylon 385 00:22:04,680 --> 00:22:07,720 Speaker 1: and that'll be the central point from which everything will spring, 386 00:22:08,400 --> 00:22:12,520 Speaker 1: and they'll be this more lightweight, uh kind of grid 387 00:22:12,760 --> 00:22:15,720 Speaker 1: of girders and trusses that's going to form that skeleton 388 00:22:15,840 --> 00:22:20,280 Speaker 1: from that central pylon and then a secondary another iron 389 00:22:20,359 --> 00:22:23,560 Speaker 1: frame even and that's what those copper sheets are going 390 00:22:23,640 --> 00:22:27,680 Speaker 1: to be riveted to, one at a time. And he said, 391 00:22:27,760 --> 00:22:29,280 Speaker 1: this is the way, like you said, it's gonna have 392 00:22:29,359 --> 00:22:32,320 Speaker 1: a little give, uh. And today even the statue of 393 00:22:32,359 --> 00:22:35,600 Speaker 1: Liberty can can sway a bit, as all great tall 394 00:22:35,680 --> 00:22:38,800 Speaker 1: structures usually are made to go a little bit with 395 00:22:38,880 --> 00:22:43,320 Speaker 1: the wind. She can sway about three inches and like herself, 396 00:22:43,440 --> 00:22:45,560 Speaker 1: and then the torch can sway up to six inches. 397 00:22:46,240 --> 00:22:48,159 Speaker 1: You should see she sways even more if there's a 398 00:22:48,240 --> 00:22:50,879 Speaker 1: good Calypso song playing nearby, right or you should have 399 00:22:50,920 --> 00:22:54,200 Speaker 1: seen her at that radio Head show. She's getting down 400 00:22:54,280 --> 00:22:58,080 Speaker 1: like I love this song song no booze at that show. 401 00:22:58,200 --> 00:23:02,240 Speaker 1: That's what I remember, dude, does Radiohead ever get booed? No, no, no, 402 00:23:02,320 --> 00:23:05,560 Speaker 1: no booze as an alcohol? Because it was it was 403 00:23:05,640 --> 00:23:07,680 Speaker 1: a big surprise because it was a state park. So 404 00:23:07,800 --> 00:23:09,680 Speaker 1: you know, fifteen thousand people show up and we're like, 405 00:23:10,040 --> 00:23:12,080 Speaker 1: where's the beer line? And they're like, oh, there is 406 00:23:12,119 --> 00:23:14,440 Speaker 1: no alcohol here. You can stand in line, but there's 407 00:23:14,520 --> 00:23:16,879 Speaker 1: nothing at the other end of it, and so we're like, 408 00:23:16,960 --> 00:23:21,000 Speaker 1: we're leaving. Then did everybody go booze? No? Yeah, there 409 00:23:21,000 --> 00:23:24,600 Speaker 1: were booze after all, it was fine. We all lived 410 00:23:24,640 --> 00:23:27,600 Speaker 1: for two hours without drinking. It was fine. That's amazing. Wow, 411 00:23:27,680 --> 00:23:30,399 Speaker 1: that story just keeps getting more and more amazing. I know, 412 00:23:30,600 --> 00:23:33,480 Speaker 1: I'm trying to think of some more more fine points. 413 00:23:33,560 --> 00:23:35,280 Speaker 1: I'll see if I can think of anything. A giant 414 00:23:35,400 --> 00:23:37,920 Speaker 1: snake that wound its way through the audience and everyone 415 00:23:38,000 --> 00:23:40,159 Speaker 1: thought it was going to attack everyone and kill him, 416 00:23:40,200 --> 00:23:44,359 Speaker 1: but instead it bounce people up and crowd served with them. No, 417 00:23:44,520 --> 00:23:46,720 Speaker 1: actually I did remember that. The end of that story 418 00:23:47,000 --> 00:23:49,760 Speaker 1: is I happened to bump into my good friend Bill 419 00:23:49,960 --> 00:23:53,000 Speaker 1: from it from college, who I didn't even know was there, 420 00:23:53,320 --> 00:23:56,480 Speaker 1: and he had snuck some booze in. Oh boozy Bill 421 00:23:56,640 --> 00:24:03,159 Speaker 1: was there. Boozy fills like a like a pint of 422 00:24:03,200 --> 00:24:08,560 Speaker 1: whiskey or something, and fake binoculars. Yeah, exactly, man, I 423 00:24:08,600 --> 00:24:12,359 Speaker 1: remember those. Those are great. Alright. So Eiffel says, this 424 00:24:12,560 --> 00:24:17,960 Speaker 1: is the plan. The plans are approved. Eiffel himself supervised 425 00:24:17,960 --> 00:24:21,800 Speaker 1: the construction of this tower and the extension tower that 426 00:24:22,080 --> 00:24:24,119 Speaker 1: is gonna you know, end up being that right arm 427 00:24:24,200 --> 00:24:27,960 Speaker 1: with a torch and that took about two years and 428 00:24:28,000 --> 00:24:31,840 Speaker 1: they wounded up in three. But that was just Eiffel's 429 00:24:32,000 --> 00:24:35,680 Speaker 1: contribution to just stuff. Yeah, no, no copper at this 430 00:24:35,760 --> 00:24:38,320 Speaker 1: point at all. So um there, I mean like at 431 00:24:38,359 --> 00:24:41,960 Speaker 1: this point they're like doing some cutting edge stuff. Um. 432 00:24:42,119 --> 00:24:44,960 Speaker 1: But one of the reasons why it's cutting edges because 433 00:24:45,000 --> 00:24:47,000 Speaker 1: no one's ever tried any of this before. Again, this 434 00:24:47,160 --> 00:24:49,880 Speaker 1: is going there making the tallest statue in the world. 435 00:24:49,960 --> 00:24:55,160 Speaker 1: They were using like engineering techniques and structures that were unproven. 436 00:24:55,240 --> 00:24:58,880 Speaker 1: This was like, um, Eiffel completed his part six years 437 00:24:58,920 --> 00:25:02,040 Speaker 1: before the Eiffel Tower debut. So this is new stuff, 438 00:25:02,200 --> 00:25:05,399 Speaker 1: unproven and introduced to the world. It's pretty cool that 439 00:25:05,440 --> 00:25:07,800 Speaker 1: they were doing that. But one of the first challenges 440 00:25:07,880 --> 00:25:12,639 Speaker 1: they ran into was figuring out how to make this 441 00:25:13,280 --> 00:25:17,200 Speaker 1: the the little you know, proof of concept tabletop sculptures 442 00:25:17,280 --> 00:25:20,960 Speaker 1: that they had created, how to turn those scale models 443 00:25:21,480 --> 00:25:26,800 Speaker 1: into the actual thing. Because nowadays, when you design, when 444 00:25:26,840 --> 00:25:33,200 Speaker 1: you draw, it's on computers, and the computer exactly yeah 445 00:25:33,359 --> 00:25:37,560 Speaker 1: with your elbow and go come on, stupid computer, right, 446 00:25:38,000 --> 00:25:41,119 Speaker 1: these guys did not have anything remotely like that at 447 00:25:41,200 --> 00:25:44,560 Speaker 1: their disposal. And when we tell you about how they 448 00:25:44,640 --> 00:25:48,280 Speaker 1: went from those tabletop models to the actual statue of 449 00:25:48,359 --> 00:25:53,480 Speaker 1: liberty yourself, Um, it's going to to blow your mind. Yeah. 450 00:25:53,560 --> 00:25:58,240 Speaker 1: What they did have was brains and math and string 451 00:25:58,600 --> 00:26:01,280 Speaker 1: and stick to itiveness and stick to it. Because I 452 00:26:01,359 --> 00:26:03,119 Speaker 1: was like, right when it occurred to me, Chuck, if 453 00:26:03,160 --> 00:26:05,560 Speaker 1: I were leading this thing, the moment it occurred to 454 00:26:05,640 --> 00:26:08,960 Speaker 1: me what we had to do, I would just start crying, yeah, 455 00:26:10,640 --> 00:26:13,000 Speaker 1: or we would just do our best and it would 456 00:26:13,160 --> 00:26:15,680 Speaker 1: the proportions would be all wrong, come out like Mr mccraig, 457 00:26:15,840 --> 00:26:19,000 Speaker 1: if we were lucky, who's Mr mccraig. What is that? 458 00:26:19,560 --> 00:26:22,560 Speaker 1: It was like their doctor Nick um is talking to 459 00:26:22,680 --> 00:26:26,280 Speaker 1: somebody and like one of his old patients shows up 460 00:26:26,320 --> 00:26:28,760 Speaker 1: and he's like, Dr Nick, do you remember me? And 461 00:26:28,920 --> 00:26:31,600 Speaker 1: he goes, oh, well, if it isn't my old friend 462 00:26:31,760 --> 00:26:34,280 Speaker 1: Mr mccraig with the leg for an arm and an 463 00:26:34,440 --> 00:26:39,240 Speaker 1: arm for a leg, this guy's got an arm for 464 00:26:39,280 --> 00:26:42,399 Speaker 1: a leg and a leg. It was just demonstrating how 465 00:26:42,480 --> 00:26:44,680 Speaker 1: bad Dr Nick was at his job. I love it, 466 00:26:44,880 --> 00:26:48,359 Speaker 1: Hi frozen body. Yeah, all right, so they need to 467 00:26:48,520 --> 00:26:53,479 Speaker 1: ambig in this thing and there's Simpson stuff flying a uh, 468 00:26:53,600 --> 00:26:56,040 Speaker 1: and they've got a little tourist model like you said, 469 00:26:56,119 --> 00:26:57,920 Speaker 1: and they're all sitting around with their hands on their chin, 470 00:26:58,680 --> 00:27:00,159 Speaker 1: and they said, all right, why don't we do this, 471 00:27:01,160 --> 00:27:03,480 Speaker 1: Why don't we gradually make it a little bit bigger. 472 00:27:03,520 --> 00:27:07,240 Speaker 1: I think we can handle that. And so they you know, 473 00:27:07,600 --> 00:27:09,880 Speaker 1: they have this thing called a pantograph. If you look 474 00:27:09,920 --> 00:27:12,399 Speaker 1: it up online, it doesn't look like much, but it 475 00:27:12,560 --> 00:27:15,520 Speaker 1: uses these little mechanical arms on boom like a boom 476 00:27:16,200 --> 00:27:20,200 Speaker 1: to basically you can make something bigger or smaller from 477 00:27:20,280 --> 00:27:23,760 Speaker 1: an original using this thing. Yeah, it enlarges the movements 478 00:27:23,840 --> 00:27:28,000 Speaker 1: of the pencil or pen you're using to the larger 479 00:27:28,200 --> 00:27:31,159 Speaker 1: to the pen that's attached on the other end of 480 00:27:31,240 --> 00:27:34,400 Speaker 1: the boom. It just makes a bigger, exact copy. Yeah. 481 00:27:34,480 --> 00:27:37,320 Speaker 1: So it's it's like, it's genius to use this, and 482 00:27:37,400 --> 00:27:39,760 Speaker 1: they use bigger and bigger ones until they got up 483 00:27:39,840 --> 00:27:43,720 Speaker 1: to about a one quarter size, which is really big 484 00:27:43,840 --> 00:27:48,000 Speaker 1: and impressive. But that's at the point where they're like, hey, guys, 485 00:27:48,080 --> 00:27:50,080 Speaker 1: I hate to break it to you, but that's it 486 00:27:50,160 --> 00:27:52,040 Speaker 1: on the pantograph, Like this is as big as we 487 00:27:52,119 --> 00:27:55,600 Speaker 1: can go. So from this one quarter size we're just 488 00:27:55,640 --> 00:28:01,240 Speaker 1: gonna have to guess, right, Uh, we're gonna have to No, 489 00:28:01,400 --> 00:28:05,000 Speaker 1: they figured out another really ingenious way to kind of 490 00:28:05,160 --> 00:28:09,320 Speaker 1: measure up from there, and they took that that finished 491 00:28:09,440 --> 00:28:14,320 Speaker 1: quarter size version. Yes, that that's the final scale model. 492 00:28:14,400 --> 00:28:16,440 Speaker 1: The biggest that it got was the quarter size of 493 00:28:16,520 --> 00:28:20,320 Speaker 1: the original or the final um. The final version um. 494 00:28:20,760 --> 00:28:23,920 Speaker 1: They built of a structure like a frame around the maquette, 495 00:28:24,480 --> 00:28:28,840 Speaker 1: and then they basically attached lines, plumb lines from the 496 00:28:28,960 --> 00:28:33,240 Speaker 1: structure to the model at different points. Yeah, they used 497 00:28:33,240 --> 00:28:35,840 Speaker 1: string basically, but in much the same way like you know, 498 00:28:35,960 --> 00:28:38,400 Speaker 1: on like those cop procedurals like C S I or whatever, 499 00:28:38,480 --> 00:28:41,880 Speaker 1: they'll have like the the red dowels like sticking out 500 00:28:41,920 --> 00:28:45,480 Speaker 1: of bullet holes to figure out the trajectory. They basically 501 00:28:45,560 --> 00:28:47,920 Speaker 1: did that with the Statue of Liberty, but in a 502 00:28:48,120 --> 00:28:52,040 Speaker 1: thousand different locations, every fold, every toenail, every like eye 503 00:28:52,520 --> 00:28:57,280 Speaker 1: eyelash like like everything. All of that stuff was plotted 504 00:28:57,320 --> 00:29:01,959 Speaker 1: out in real life in three mentioned using plumb lines 505 00:29:02,600 --> 00:29:05,640 Speaker 1: to to basically create these points of reference. And then 506 00:29:05,680 --> 00:29:08,000 Speaker 1: they went back and they measured all of them and 507 00:29:08,040 --> 00:29:11,560 Speaker 1: they figured out where all these points would go times four, 508 00:29:12,520 --> 00:29:15,800 Speaker 1: and then they built another structure and went from there 509 00:29:15,960 --> 00:29:21,720 Speaker 1: and then went went backwards. Yes, I really feel like 510 00:29:21,760 --> 00:29:24,200 Speaker 1: I had it until the end there. Yeah, you kind 511 00:29:24,200 --> 00:29:25,840 Speaker 1: of pettered it out at the end. Well, now they went, 512 00:29:25,920 --> 00:29:28,840 Speaker 1: they went, They multiplied it by four, built the structure 513 00:29:28,880 --> 00:29:31,400 Speaker 1: that could accommodate that, and then brought back down plumb 514 00:29:31,480 --> 00:29:35,040 Speaker 1: lines to those four times larger points of reference and 515 00:29:35,080 --> 00:29:38,800 Speaker 1: then started building from there. Yeah, it's a technique called 516 00:29:38,920 --> 00:29:42,600 Speaker 1: pointing up. And all told, there were nine thousand measurements, 517 00:29:43,440 --> 00:29:49,000 Speaker 1: three hundred main reference points, and then thousands of these 518 00:29:49,160 --> 00:29:52,400 Speaker 1: pieces of string. Because like you said, it's it's every 519 00:29:52,720 --> 00:29:54,760 Speaker 1: you know, they can't just get it close. It's every 520 00:29:54,880 --> 00:29:58,560 Speaker 1: fold in her gown, every you know, you know, the 521 00:29:58,680 --> 00:30:01,720 Speaker 1: the thumbnail meeting the thumb them. It's all like very 522 00:30:01,840 --> 00:30:03,719 Speaker 1: very specific because they had to get it just right. 523 00:30:04,840 --> 00:30:07,880 Speaker 1: And so then they have to start out building this thing. 524 00:30:08,120 --> 00:30:10,840 Speaker 1: And what they decided to do, obviously is build it 525 00:30:10,920 --> 00:30:13,760 Speaker 1: in sections because they're gonna have to take it apart 526 00:30:13,840 --> 00:30:16,560 Speaker 1: and put it back together. So they built it in 527 00:30:16,880 --> 00:30:22,360 Speaker 1: very large sections, uh, starting with wood scaffolding and then 528 00:30:22,520 --> 00:30:26,760 Speaker 1: eventually uh, plaster, because you want to you know, you're 529 00:30:26,960 --> 00:30:30,880 Speaker 1: you're sculpting. It can't just be wood and copper hammered 530 00:30:30,960 --> 00:30:33,840 Speaker 1: on there like it's gotta be there's gotta be some 531 00:30:33,960 --> 00:30:37,720 Speaker 1: fine detail and some really rounded smooth edges and stuff 532 00:30:37,760 --> 00:30:41,760 Speaker 1: like that. Right, So they made basically wood molds molds 533 00:30:41,760 --> 00:30:44,280 Speaker 1: out of wood, sculpture the plaster and it, and then 534 00:30:44,320 --> 00:30:47,680 Speaker 1: they had a plaster mold, and then they could take 535 00:30:47,760 --> 00:30:51,520 Speaker 1: the plaster mold, which was basically negative um. And then 536 00:30:51,600 --> 00:30:57,400 Speaker 1: they put wood into the plaster molds and warped it 537 00:30:57,600 --> 00:31:00,240 Speaker 1: so that it fits the plaster perfectly, kind of like 538 00:31:00,360 --> 00:31:02,520 Speaker 1: the techniques um that you would used to make a 539 00:31:02,640 --> 00:31:05,800 Speaker 1: boat hole, you know, smooth and folded. Um. They did 540 00:31:05,880 --> 00:31:09,719 Speaker 1: the same thing with these giant plaster casts, but they 541 00:31:09,800 --> 00:31:12,640 Speaker 1: did it with wood, and you think, okay, great wood, 542 00:31:12,680 --> 00:31:15,040 Speaker 1: what are you gonna do with wood? Then with those 543 00:31:15,240 --> 00:31:18,520 Speaker 1: wood molds that they made from the plaster casts, they 544 00:31:18,640 --> 00:31:21,480 Speaker 1: took those thin sheets of copper that were about the 545 00:31:21,600 --> 00:31:25,600 Speaker 1: size of two pennies held together. That's what the outside 546 00:31:25,640 --> 00:31:27,960 Speaker 1: of the statue of Liberty is. That's the thickness of 547 00:31:28,040 --> 00:31:33,200 Speaker 1: her skin. Um. They put those copper plates into the 548 00:31:33,400 --> 00:31:36,760 Speaker 1: wood molds and then hammered them smooth, and now all 549 00:31:36,800 --> 00:31:39,440 Speaker 1: of a sudden you had the final pieces of the 550 00:31:39,560 --> 00:31:44,680 Speaker 1: exterior of Lady Liberty coming together, right, and several hundred 551 00:31:44,720 --> 00:31:49,360 Speaker 1: pieces in the end. I mean, it's a big project. 552 00:31:49,440 --> 00:31:52,000 Speaker 1: And if you think, boy, you better label that stuff 553 00:31:52,040 --> 00:31:56,240 Speaker 1: good fellas, uh, you're right, because by the when this 554 00:31:56,360 --> 00:31:59,400 Speaker 1: thing was eventually shipped over, it was a little bit annoying. 555 00:31:59,480 --> 00:32:03,400 Speaker 1: And that what happened is what you think would probably happen. 556 00:32:03,520 --> 00:32:06,760 Speaker 1: Some of the stuff gets mislabeled, and it wasn't quite 557 00:32:06,880 --> 00:32:10,120 Speaker 1: armed for a leg territory, I don't think. But it 558 00:32:10,320 --> 00:32:12,160 Speaker 1: was like, all right, now I gotta sift through this 559 00:32:12,320 --> 00:32:15,600 Speaker 1: and kind of refigure it all over again. Yeah, I 560 00:32:15,680 --> 00:32:18,880 Speaker 1: can't imagine. So I say, we take a break and 561 00:32:19,400 --> 00:32:22,200 Speaker 1: come back, and we got to talk about money, everybody, 562 00:32:22,480 --> 00:32:50,520 Speaker 1: So just sit tight, Okay, So all this is going 563 00:32:50,600 --> 00:32:52,760 Speaker 1: on the copper. By the way, I feel like this 564 00:32:52,840 --> 00:32:56,680 Speaker 1: guy's name bears repeating throughout the story or any time 565 00:32:56,720 --> 00:33:00,840 Speaker 1: the story is told. Pierre Eugene Secretan was industrialist in 566 00:33:00,920 --> 00:33:04,640 Speaker 1: France who donated the copper, really high quality copper we 567 00:33:04,760 --> 00:33:07,960 Speaker 1: hear to the project. But that was you know, and 568 00:33:08,240 --> 00:33:10,720 Speaker 1: there were other donations and there was other funds raised, 569 00:33:10,800 --> 00:33:14,720 Speaker 1: but it was um, it was hard going. They found out. 570 00:33:15,040 --> 00:33:17,120 Speaker 1: I get the impression that the French had an easier 571 00:33:17,200 --> 00:33:20,520 Speaker 1: time because that Franco American union came together and they said, okay, 572 00:33:20,640 --> 00:33:23,600 Speaker 1: how about this. The French will raise about two and 573 00:33:23,680 --> 00:33:27,880 Speaker 1: fifty thousand francs about six million dollars for the statue itself, 574 00:33:28,360 --> 00:33:31,640 Speaker 1: and the Americans will raise about two d and fifty 575 00:33:31,680 --> 00:33:36,320 Speaker 1: thousand dollars about seven million dollars today um to to 576 00:33:36,480 --> 00:33:40,360 Speaker 1: create the pedestal. And they basically said, ready break, and 577 00:33:40,480 --> 00:33:42,840 Speaker 1: the French went off and started fundraising. The Americans went 578 00:33:42,880 --> 00:33:44,880 Speaker 1: off and started fundraising, and I have the impression of 579 00:33:44,960 --> 00:33:47,560 Speaker 1: the French had a little easier time of it than 580 00:33:47,600 --> 00:33:50,760 Speaker 1: the Americans did. Yeah, it seems like it. I think 581 00:33:50,800 --> 00:33:53,960 Speaker 1: the Americans probably thought at the beginning, like, hey, they 582 00:33:54,040 --> 00:33:55,800 Speaker 1: just want us to pay for the pedestal, like this, 583 00:33:56,240 --> 00:33:58,560 Speaker 1: this is nothing. It ended up being a little more 584 00:33:58,560 --> 00:34:02,280 Speaker 1: expensive than the statue itself, so we were kind of 585 00:34:02,360 --> 00:34:05,600 Speaker 1: left holding the bag by a little bit. Or the 586 00:34:05,680 --> 00:34:09,600 Speaker 1: Americans were like, oh, I thought this was a gift. Yeah, 587 00:34:10,160 --> 00:34:12,880 Speaker 1: you want to go Dutch. Great in the Dutch are like, 588 00:34:12,960 --> 00:34:15,680 Speaker 1: what does that even mean? Yeah? The check comes, uh 589 00:34:15,840 --> 00:34:18,520 Speaker 1: so yeah, that that bases it called the truncated pyramid 590 00:34:18,560 --> 00:34:23,239 Speaker 1: which basically means a pyramid that doesn't have the pointy top. Uh, 591 00:34:23,440 --> 00:34:25,279 Speaker 1: it gets smaller as it goes up. And it's that 592 00:34:25,400 --> 00:34:28,840 Speaker 1: itself is eighty nine ft tall and sixty two ft 593 00:34:28,920 --> 00:34:32,600 Speaker 1: wide and about forty ft wide at the top of 594 00:34:32,719 --> 00:34:36,279 Speaker 1: that thing where she stands, and it is mostly concrete 595 00:34:37,000 --> 00:34:40,040 Speaker 1: and it is Uh, it's got a facade of Connecticut granite. 596 00:34:40,120 --> 00:34:42,280 Speaker 1: But that was a big project in and of itself. 597 00:34:42,400 --> 00:34:45,320 Speaker 1: And yeah, Chuck, also, I was I was researching the pedestal. 598 00:34:45,400 --> 00:34:47,960 Speaker 1: I found out there's eight beams in their eight structural 599 00:34:48,040 --> 00:34:51,160 Speaker 1: beams poured into the conqueror the concrete poured around it. 600 00:34:51,600 --> 00:34:54,440 Speaker 1: Four of them are horizontal, but then four towards the 601 00:34:54,520 --> 00:34:56,880 Speaker 1: top are vertical, and they actually break the top of 602 00:34:56,920 --> 00:35:00,200 Speaker 1: the pedestal, and that is what the uh interior. Your 603 00:35:00,239 --> 00:35:03,840 Speaker 1: skeleton of the Statue of Liberty is affixed too, so 604 00:35:03,960 --> 00:35:07,640 Speaker 1: she's like solidly affixed to that pedestal. It's pretty cool. 605 00:35:08,320 --> 00:35:11,359 Speaker 1: That's awesome. So, like you said, the French, I think 606 00:35:11,400 --> 00:35:14,760 Speaker 1: you're raising money at a steadier clip. Uh, they're selling 607 00:35:14,840 --> 00:35:17,960 Speaker 1: tickets to lotteries. Schools were chipping in a little bit. 608 00:35:18,680 --> 00:35:22,319 Speaker 1: I think there were descendants of French soldiers supposedly who 609 00:35:22,360 --> 00:35:24,560 Speaker 1: had fallen in the American Revolution, that we're sending in 610 00:35:24,680 --> 00:35:28,839 Speaker 1: some money. Yeah, that's that's old school right there, big time. Uh. 611 00:35:29,120 --> 00:35:32,520 Speaker 1: They started this is this is kind of a good idea. Actually, 612 00:35:32,840 --> 00:35:37,080 Speaker 1: they started having fundraising banquets as the structure was growing 613 00:35:37,160 --> 00:35:39,680 Speaker 1: inside it, Like they had one in the kneecap, one 614 00:35:39,719 --> 00:35:41,799 Speaker 1: of the thigh, one in the stomach, and then finally 615 00:35:41,880 --> 00:35:45,480 Speaker 1: one inside the head. Great way to raise some money, right, 616 00:35:45,520 --> 00:35:47,319 Speaker 1: which is what I was saying, Like, I think that's 617 00:35:47,360 --> 00:35:50,719 Speaker 1: one of the reasons he built it in France first. Yeah, 618 00:35:51,160 --> 00:35:54,600 Speaker 1: it makes sense, and then they did in turn. Eventually 619 00:35:54,640 --> 00:35:58,160 Speaker 1: when this thing gets to America in pieces, they start 620 00:35:58,239 --> 00:36:00,399 Speaker 1: doing that here. They start trotting this around on First 621 00:36:00,440 --> 00:36:03,600 Speaker 1: they had I think the right arm and torch on 622 00:36:03,719 --> 00:36:08,080 Speaker 1: display in Philadelphia for the centennial celebration, and then that 623 00:36:08,200 --> 00:36:10,640 Speaker 1: same torch and armor at Madison Square Park and you 624 00:36:10,719 --> 00:36:13,480 Speaker 1: could pay money to climb up in it and take 625 00:36:13,520 --> 00:36:16,520 Speaker 1: a picture. Early couldn't take pictures and sketch pictures of it. 626 00:36:17,360 --> 00:36:22,120 Speaker 1: And uh, the Americans held prize fights and they held 627 00:36:22,160 --> 00:36:24,680 Speaker 1: auctions and stuff like that. So they were doing their best, 628 00:36:25,280 --> 00:36:28,560 Speaker 1: but they were about a hundred grand short in the end, 629 00:36:28,920 --> 00:36:31,520 Speaker 1: and that is when a man by the name of 630 00:36:31,680 --> 00:36:36,320 Speaker 1: Joseph Pulitzer stepped up. I really like this idea, and 631 00:36:36,480 --> 00:36:38,520 Speaker 1: he was like, you know what, we gotta we gotta 632 00:36:38,560 --> 00:36:42,080 Speaker 1: get there. I had this rag called the World. It's 633 00:36:42,120 --> 00:36:45,160 Speaker 1: got great circulation. And Dave points out he's dead right 634 00:36:45,200 --> 00:36:47,200 Speaker 1: that this is kind of one of the biggest and 635 00:36:47,320 --> 00:36:51,600 Speaker 1: first crowdfunding campaigns, and that he launched this big thing 636 00:36:51,680 --> 00:36:55,080 Speaker 1: of where he was like, listen, this isn't the government. 637 00:36:55,360 --> 00:36:58,080 Speaker 1: We don't want rich the government doing this, or the 638 00:36:58,200 --> 00:37:00,680 Speaker 1: millionaires of France giving a gift to the millionaires of 639 00:37:00,760 --> 00:37:03,440 Speaker 1: the United States. This is supposed to be for the 640 00:37:03,560 --> 00:37:08,120 Speaker 1: common person. And so give a dollar, give twenty five cents, 641 00:37:08,880 --> 00:37:12,279 Speaker 1: And that's what happened. All these people stepped up and 642 00:37:12,480 --> 00:37:16,600 Speaker 1: gave a little tiny increments of money and they fundraised 643 00:37:16,880 --> 00:37:20,560 Speaker 1: about a thousand dollars over their goal using that little 644 00:37:20,719 --> 00:37:24,560 Speaker 1: crowdfunding technique, and just five months they've the whole past 645 00:37:24,640 --> 00:37:28,040 Speaker 1: the goal. Yeah. The whole hook was if you give anything, 646 00:37:28,120 --> 00:37:31,919 Speaker 1: I'll print your name in my newspaper. And it worked. Yeah, 647 00:37:31,960 --> 00:37:34,200 Speaker 1: oh yeah, if you want to get anything done, offered 648 00:37:34,239 --> 00:37:37,280 Speaker 1: to print people's name in the newspaper in a positive, 649 00:37:37,680 --> 00:37:40,360 Speaker 1: positive light. That's a big caveat right there, right exactly. 650 00:37:40,800 --> 00:37:42,680 Speaker 1: And there was one other thing. Uh, well, there's a 651 00:37:42,719 --> 00:37:44,840 Speaker 1: lot of stuff that came out of the fundraising effort, 652 00:37:44,880 --> 00:37:47,120 Speaker 1: but one of the most notable things that came out 653 00:37:47,160 --> 00:37:49,600 Speaker 1: of it, Chuck, was the poem by M. Lazarus that 654 00:37:49,960 --> 00:37:54,200 Speaker 1: we were referring to earlier. Um, she wrote this poem 655 00:37:54,280 --> 00:37:57,880 Speaker 1: called the New Colossus, uh as kind of an homage 656 00:37:57,920 --> 00:38:01,160 Speaker 1: or a tribute to this Statue of Liberty idea, it's 657 00:38:01,200 --> 00:38:03,759 Speaker 1: in order to help raise funds for it, and then 658 00:38:04,000 --> 00:38:08,480 Speaker 1: ended up being engraved on a plaque on Liberty Island 659 00:38:08,560 --> 00:38:10,560 Speaker 1: at this at the base of the Statue of Liberty, 660 00:38:10,600 --> 00:38:13,480 Speaker 1: I believe where it was installed, and I think nineteen 661 00:38:13,520 --> 00:38:17,800 Speaker 1: o three, Yeah, that's when it finally wash was inscribed. 662 00:38:17,840 --> 00:38:19,800 Speaker 1: But I think that's kind of cool, like she just 663 00:38:19,880 --> 00:38:22,920 Speaker 1: submitted this as part of the fundraising auction and it 664 00:38:23,040 --> 00:38:26,320 Speaker 1: ended up being those immortal words. So the hat is 665 00:38:26,360 --> 00:38:30,120 Speaker 1: off to MLAs Verus as well the spiky crown. That's right. 666 00:38:31,239 --> 00:38:35,040 Speaker 1: So um, Okay, we get to the point where, um, 667 00:38:35,560 --> 00:38:40,760 Speaker 1: the pieces have been made, they've been assembled together in France, 668 00:38:41,160 --> 00:38:43,480 Speaker 1: fundraising banquets have been held in them. They had to 669 00:38:43,520 --> 00:38:45,640 Speaker 1: get all the old cigar butts and everything out before 670 00:38:45,640 --> 00:38:49,279 Speaker 1: they put them in shipping crates mislabeled shipping crates no less, 671 00:38:50,160 --> 00:38:53,840 Speaker 1: And Bart told he goes um to help oversee the 672 00:38:53,920 --> 00:39:00,279 Speaker 1: reassembly himself, and um, it's put up, and I believe so. 673 00:39:01,200 --> 00:39:05,960 Speaker 1: Five to October June five is when the shipping containers 674 00:39:06,280 --> 00:39:09,839 Speaker 1: show up uh in UH in the harbor in New York. 675 00:39:10,360 --> 00:39:15,839 Speaker 1: And then um on October six is when the UH 676 00:39:16,080 --> 00:39:20,040 Speaker 1: the statue is dedicated. And in between three D fifty 677 00:39:20,360 --> 00:39:23,960 Speaker 1: sheets massive sheets of copper that make up the external 678 00:39:24,040 --> 00:39:27,680 Speaker 1: skin of the set of Liberty were put together using 679 00:39:27,719 --> 00:39:32,160 Speaker 1: three three thousand copper rivets, lots of steam, shovels, tons 680 00:39:32,200 --> 00:39:35,279 Speaker 1: of labor. It was just a huge effort. That was 681 00:39:35,400 --> 00:39:39,640 Speaker 1: probably the fastest part of this whole project. Yeah, and 682 00:39:40,280 --> 00:39:42,640 Speaker 1: it was, you know, once they figured out those miss 683 00:39:42,800 --> 00:39:46,920 Speaker 1: uh mislabeled crates, it was it took a while, but 684 00:39:46,960 --> 00:39:48,879 Speaker 1: it seemed to go pretty smoothly at least from there. 685 00:39:49,080 --> 00:39:50,759 Speaker 1: And I also saw, well, I saw a chuck. They 686 00:39:51,040 --> 00:39:55,440 Speaker 1: figured out very quickly that the arm holding the torch 687 00:39:55,600 --> 00:39:59,880 Speaker 1: and the head were misaligned and they're not sure what happened, 688 00:40:00,320 --> 00:40:02,960 Speaker 1: they think it is. One of the theories is I read, 689 00:40:03,160 --> 00:40:06,080 Speaker 1: is that um Bert totally was not happy with how 690 00:40:06,480 --> 00:40:09,680 Speaker 1: the statue looked or was going to look based on 691 00:40:10,560 --> 00:40:14,239 Speaker 1: creating it in France, and had it purposefully miss a 692 00:40:14,280 --> 00:40:17,359 Speaker 1: line to basically change it's it's look a little bit 693 00:40:17,400 --> 00:40:22,319 Speaker 1: it's appearance. So interesting. Yeah, alright, So on October they 694 00:40:22,360 --> 00:40:25,320 Speaker 1: have despite it being a rainy day, they had about 695 00:40:25,360 --> 00:40:28,960 Speaker 1: a million people turn out for this parade down Broadway 696 00:40:29,080 --> 00:40:33,160 Speaker 1: and then this eventual dedication ceremony there as still known 697 00:40:33,239 --> 00:40:37,480 Speaker 1: as Bedloe Island and Bartoli was the guest of honor. 698 00:40:38,080 --> 00:40:39,759 Speaker 1: And this is just kind of a funny way to 699 00:40:39,920 --> 00:40:42,920 Speaker 1: to end this story. Is he was up in the 700 00:40:43,040 --> 00:40:47,480 Speaker 1: crown and he has a big French flag covering up 701 00:40:47,880 --> 00:40:51,239 Speaker 1: her face, and at the right moment he's cued by 702 00:40:51,280 --> 00:40:53,919 Speaker 1: someone down below. He's supposed to whip this thing off 703 00:40:54,400 --> 00:40:56,560 Speaker 1: at the end of the big speech from the chair 704 00:40:56,600 --> 00:40:59,840 Speaker 1: of the American Committee, and he was he was tipped, 705 00:41:00,120 --> 00:41:02,719 Speaker 1: was signaled a little bit early, and the chair of 706 00:41:02,760 --> 00:41:06,640 Speaker 1: the American Committee was still giving that speech when Bartotli 707 00:41:06,800 --> 00:41:10,080 Speaker 1: dropped this flag and no one cared. The cannons went off, 708 00:41:10,600 --> 00:41:13,600 Speaker 1: everyone went crazy. Steam whistles are blowing in the harbor. 709 00:41:14,040 --> 00:41:17,160 Speaker 1: Brass band goes off, and the chair of the American 710 00:41:17,239 --> 00:41:20,240 Speaker 1: committee was like, all right, I guess, uh, who cares. 711 00:41:20,280 --> 00:41:23,400 Speaker 1: I'll just finish that later, right, the confession I had 712 00:41:23,480 --> 00:41:26,839 Speaker 1: prepared will just go onheard, I guess, But nobody cared. 713 00:41:26,920 --> 00:41:29,600 Speaker 1: And it was it was a big, grand success, yea. 714 00:41:29,800 --> 00:41:33,520 Speaker 1: And I believe from the time that, uh it was 715 00:41:33,640 --> 00:41:40,719 Speaker 1: dedicated in eight six, just to um fourteen million immigrants 716 00:41:41,120 --> 00:41:45,080 Speaker 1: passed by Lady Liberty. She definitely did her job right 717 00:41:45,120 --> 00:41:48,120 Speaker 1: out of the gate. That's right. They passed by that 718 00:41:48,920 --> 00:41:52,759 Speaker 1: copper colored structure. Yeah, at least at first at first, 719 00:41:52,880 --> 00:41:55,080 Speaker 1: and that was all planned. You know, copper is going 720 00:41:55,120 --> 00:41:58,120 Speaker 1: to oxidize and it's going to form that patina to 721 00:41:58,280 --> 00:42:00,600 Speaker 1: protect that copper. And everyone knew that she would eventually 722 00:42:00,600 --> 00:42:04,040 Speaker 1: turn green? Did they? Did everyone know that? Well, everyone 723 00:42:04,080 --> 00:42:07,040 Speaker 1: who knew anything about copper, I mean, the builders knew it. 724 00:42:07,120 --> 00:42:09,640 Speaker 1: And that was part of the whole thing, was that copper, 725 00:42:09,760 --> 00:42:12,759 Speaker 1: once it gets this pattina will last forever. But yeah, 726 00:42:12,800 --> 00:42:15,080 Speaker 1: there probably were some shmows in New York that were like, 727 00:42:15,200 --> 00:42:18,720 Speaker 1: why is it turning green? Uh? And it happened. There's 728 00:42:18,760 --> 00:42:22,120 Speaker 1: no direct date, but um, there are photos from as 729 00:42:22,160 --> 00:42:24,239 Speaker 1: early as nineteen o six, which is only about twenty 730 00:42:24,320 --> 00:42:28,200 Speaker 1: years later, where that Pattina is, where she's she's pretty 731 00:42:28,200 --> 00:42:31,040 Speaker 1: green at that point. And I think at this point 732 00:42:31,200 --> 00:42:34,799 Speaker 1: in places on that statue that Pattina is as thick 733 00:42:34,840 --> 00:42:37,560 Speaker 1: as that copper. It's two twopennies deep. So now it's 734 00:42:37,640 --> 00:42:40,320 Speaker 1: four pennies deep in some places. So do you remember 735 00:42:40,480 --> 00:42:42,759 Speaker 1: when we were younger, in the mid eighties, there was 736 00:42:42,880 --> 00:42:47,440 Speaker 1: like this, the restoration project of the statue. I was 737 00:42:47,600 --> 00:42:49,560 Speaker 1: under the impression that they were going to clean the 738 00:42:49,600 --> 00:42:55,160 Speaker 1: green off of it, not I don't remember. I don't remember. 739 00:42:55,360 --> 00:42:57,080 Speaker 1: I don't think I was under the impression. There's a 740 00:42:57,160 --> 00:43:02,319 Speaker 1: reference in in seinfeld Um about how remember George goes 741 00:43:02,400 --> 00:43:06,320 Speaker 1: to work for Krueger Industrial Smoothing, and they referenced that 742 00:43:06,560 --> 00:43:09,759 Speaker 1: that Krueger was the company that botched the Statue of 743 00:43:09,840 --> 00:43:12,920 Speaker 1: Liberty restoration job. So like I have the impression that 744 00:43:13,000 --> 00:43:15,200 Speaker 1: other people think that it was supposed to be cleaned 745 00:43:15,239 --> 00:43:19,360 Speaker 1: of its green color as well during that But regardless 746 00:43:19,520 --> 00:43:21,440 Speaker 1: during I think so too. I think seeing the set 747 00:43:21,520 --> 00:43:26,800 Speaker 1: of Liberties anything but that aged copper green weird. But 748 00:43:27,080 --> 00:43:29,520 Speaker 1: during that restoration, whether they were trying to clean the 749 00:43:29,560 --> 00:43:32,640 Speaker 1: green off or not. UM, they found a few things 750 00:43:32,680 --> 00:43:35,680 Speaker 1: about it. They found the torch was irreparably weathered, and 751 00:43:35,800 --> 00:43:38,480 Speaker 1: so the torch that she's holding now is new. It's 752 00:43:38,520 --> 00:43:42,360 Speaker 1: the second version that created using the exact same methods 753 00:43:42,719 --> 00:43:46,360 Speaker 1: as the original one. UM, but they replaced the torch. 754 00:43:46,960 --> 00:43:50,160 Speaker 1: And then they also found that a lot of Eiffel's 755 00:43:50,400 --> 00:43:54,160 Speaker 1: um wrought iron structure, a lot of it was rusting 756 00:43:54,239 --> 00:43:56,840 Speaker 1: and falling apart, so they replaced all of those with 757 00:43:56,960 --> 00:44:01,400 Speaker 1: stainless steel. So she got like a really good refresh 758 00:44:01,520 --> 00:44:05,960 Speaker 1: and update in nineteen six thanks to a committee led 759 00:44:06,040 --> 00:44:09,640 Speaker 1: by Leaya Coca who was appointed by President Reagan. Very few, 760 00:44:10,440 --> 00:44:14,560 Speaker 1: very few um uh sentences that are more eighties than that. 761 00:44:15,760 --> 00:44:19,120 Speaker 1: And then also we know that the restoration UM worked 762 00:44:19,320 --> 00:44:22,600 Speaker 1: at least until the year thirty nine seventy eight thanks 763 00:44:22,680 --> 00:44:27,600 Speaker 1: to the Planet of the Apes movies or depending on 764 00:44:27,680 --> 00:44:30,879 Speaker 1: who you ask, you're gonna love that spoiler in there. Dude, 765 00:44:31,760 --> 00:44:35,040 Speaker 1: it's a movie from ninety eight, I know, I can 766 00:44:35,080 --> 00:44:39,799 Speaker 1: you really spoil that? Sure? One of the great endings. Uh. Now, 767 00:44:39,960 --> 00:44:42,879 Speaker 1: about three to four million people a year visit Lady 768 00:44:42,920 --> 00:44:45,480 Speaker 1: Liberty and you can get in an elevator there on 769 00:44:45,520 --> 00:44:48,960 Speaker 1: that ground level to the top of the pedestal, and 770 00:44:49,040 --> 00:44:50,160 Speaker 1: you can go all the way up to the crown, 771 00:44:50,239 --> 00:44:53,280 Speaker 1: even if you make a reservation apparently, but the elevator 772 00:44:53,320 --> 00:44:55,520 Speaker 1: doesn't go that high. They're about a hundred and sixty 773 00:44:55,600 --> 00:45:00,040 Speaker 1: two steps that will get you there and uh and 774 00:45:00,040 --> 00:45:01,839 Speaker 1: you can look out of that crown. Imagine that's quite 775 00:45:01,880 --> 00:45:04,080 Speaker 1: a site. And time was that they would just sell 776 00:45:04,160 --> 00:45:06,560 Speaker 1: tickets without reservations and you just buy your tickets and 777 00:45:06,719 --> 00:45:08,600 Speaker 1: stand there in line to wait for the people who 778 00:45:08,680 --> 00:45:10,520 Speaker 1: went up to come back down because there was not 779 00:45:10,719 --> 00:45:12,960 Speaker 1: a lot of room on that that staircase. And now 780 00:45:13,040 --> 00:45:16,440 Speaker 1: at least they're like, you know, really innovating since nineteen 781 00:45:16,800 --> 00:45:23,279 Speaker 1: six by offering advanced reservations. Apparently it was miserable. So 782 00:45:23,440 --> 00:45:25,719 Speaker 1: one other fact about the statue of Liberty Chuck that 783 00:45:25,800 --> 00:45:28,480 Speaker 1: stuck out to me was she started out as the 784 00:45:28,840 --> 00:45:32,640 Speaker 1: world's tallest statue when she was built and dedicated, but 785 00:45:32,800 --> 00:45:36,360 Speaker 1: today she's just number forty seven among the world's tallest statues, 786 00:45:36,400 --> 00:45:39,080 Speaker 1: which means we've built a lot of really tall statues 787 00:45:39,120 --> 00:45:41,360 Speaker 1: in the last hundred years. It's something that humanity has 788 00:45:41,400 --> 00:45:45,800 Speaker 1: been really interested in apparently, that's right. And if anyone 789 00:45:45,920 --> 00:45:49,000 Speaker 1: ever says, yeah, I've been there, I stood climbed up 790 00:45:49,000 --> 00:45:51,520 Speaker 1: in the right next to the torch, you call that 791 00:45:51,600 --> 00:45:54,560 Speaker 1: person a liar. Because no one's been allowed in that 792 00:45:54,680 --> 00:45:59,359 Speaker 1: torch since nineteen sixty. They may be thinking crown, yeah, 793 00:45:59,760 --> 00:46:02,160 Speaker 1: you and be allowed in the torch again until the year. 794 00:46:05,120 --> 00:46:07,320 Speaker 1: That's right. Then you can do whatever you want because 795 00:46:07,560 --> 00:46:09,800 Speaker 1: because the torch is just laying there on the beach. Basically, 796 00:46:10,400 --> 00:46:17,520 Speaker 1: he finally did it. You darn maniacs. Okay, well, Chuck 797 00:46:17,600 --> 00:46:19,320 Speaker 1: has nothing else. I have nothing else. And since I 798 00:46:19,440 --> 00:46:21,960 Speaker 1: just said you darn maniacs, it's time for a listener mail. 799 00:46:24,520 --> 00:46:26,640 Speaker 1: I'm gonna called this short and sweet. Oh I like 800 00:46:26,800 --> 00:46:31,120 Speaker 1: this from a from a younger like Humpty dumpty. That's right. Hey, guys, 801 00:46:31,320 --> 00:46:34,040 Speaker 1: I am fourteen years old from northern Utah and I've 802 00:46:34,040 --> 00:46:35,440 Speaker 1: been listening to you guys for a while and really 803 00:46:35,520 --> 00:46:38,080 Speaker 1: enjoy your podcast. It's really fun to listen to what 804 00:46:38,960 --> 00:46:41,920 Speaker 1: spunky things you have to say. I love the use 805 00:46:41,960 --> 00:46:44,640 Speaker 1: of spunky there. I listened all the time during car 806 00:46:44,760 --> 00:46:47,000 Speaker 1: rides are doing crafts and art. If you would mind, 807 00:46:47,120 --> 00:46:49,560 Speaker 1: I would love it if you read my letter for 808 00:46:49,640 --> 00:46:56,560 Speaker 1: my siblings and say she during listener mail, how's at 809 00:46:56,560 --> 00:47:01,520 Speaker 1: the bomb? Usually don't honor requests. I know I'm below, 810 00:47:01,640 --> 00:47:04,680 Speaker 1: like my socks are just down around my toes right now. 811 00:47:05,000 --> 00:47:09,160 Speaker 1: But Alyssa Stewart just sounded like a nice kid, and 812 00:47:09,480 --> 00:47:12,280 Speaker 1: sometimes it's it's good to kind of one up those siblings. 813 00:47:13,200 --> 00:47:15,640 Speaker 1: So to the siblings of Alyssa who Elyssa didn't include, 814 00:47:16,160 --> 00:47:20,919 Speaker 1: I'm just gonna say one thing to you. She Wow, Chuck, 815 00:47:21,000 --> 00:47:26,640 Speaker 1: I think you just like fundamentally altered Thanksgiving If that happs? Yeah, 816 00:47:26,760 --> 00:47:32,400 Speaker 1: birth order out the door, cool order reset. Well, if 817 00:47:32,440 --> 00:47:34,879 Speaker 1: you want the cool order in your family, reset, take 818 00:47:34,920 --> 00:47:37,439 Speaker 1: your best shot. I'll be surprised if we do it again. 819 00:47:37,520 --> 00:47:40,080 Speaker 1: But then Chuck's always full of surprises, so you never 820 00:47:40,239 --> 00:47:42,520 Speaker 1: can tell. Can't get a bead on that one, you 821 00:47:42,560 --> 00:47:44,960 Speaker 1: know what I mean. In the meantime, you can send 822 00:47:45,040 --> 00:47:49,040 Speaker 1: those requests to Stuff Podcasts at iHeart radio dot com. 823 00:47:52,200 --> 00:47:54,480 Speaker 1: Stuff you Should Know is a production of iHeart Radio. 824 00:47:55,000 --> 00:47:57,520 Speaker 1: For more podcasts my heart Radio, visit the i heart 825 00:47:57,600 --> 00:48:00,480 Speaker 1: Radio app, Apple Podcasts or where every listening to your 826 00:48:00,520 --> 00:48:07,880 Speaker 1: favorite shows h