1 00:00:00,240 --> 00:00:04,680 Speaker 1: From UFOs to psychic powers and government conspiracies. History is 2 00:00:04,760 --> 00:00:09,080 Speaker 1: riddled with unexplained events. You can turn back now or 3 00:00:09,200 --> 00:00:12,360 Speaker 1: learn the stuff they don't want you to know. M 4 00:00:24,200 --> 00:00:26,920 Speaker 1: Welcome back to the show. My name is Matt Noel 5 00:00:27,080 --> 00:00:29,639 Speaker 1: Is on an adventure they call me Ben that we 6 00:00:29,680 --> 00:00:33,479 Speaker 1: are joined with our super producer Paul mission controlled decads 7 00:00:33,800 --> 00:00:37,080 Speaker 1: and most importantly, you are you. You are here that 8 00:00:37,120 --> 00:00:40,720 Speaker 1: makes this stuff they don't want you to know. On 9 00:00:40,760 --> 00:00:44,440 Speaker 1: a previous episode, Matt Man, we opened the show, you 10 00:00:44,520 --> 00:00:48,080 Speaker 1: and I asking each other where we would travel, if 11 00:00:48,080 --> 00:00:53,159 Speaker 1: we could travel anywhere in the world. And we you know, 12 00:00:53,240 --> 00:00:56,680 Speaker 1: we don't talk about it too explicitly on the air here, 13 00:00:57,400 --> 00:01:02,000 Speaker 1: but we whether for we're or for other endeavors, we 14 00:01:02,120 --> 00:01:05,360 Speaker 1: end up traveling like as a group and as individuals 15 00:01:05,400 --> 00:01:08,400 Speaker 1: more often than not. You know what I mean? Yes, correct, 16 00:01:08,560 --> 00:01:11,840 Speaker 1: And I cannot remember the verdict or our answers to 17 00:01:12,000 --> 00:01:14,160 Speaker 1: the question of where we would travel. I'm going to 18 00:01:14,319 --> 00:01:16,240 Speaker 1: change mine now to Germany. I want to go back 19 00:01:16,240 --> 00:01:18,120 Speaker 1: to Germany. I just want to see what that place 20 00:01:18,200 --> 00:01:19,920 Speaker 1: is like. You want to see what their whole thing is. 21 00:01:20,000 --> 00:01:22,319 Speaker 1: You have a friend named Holger who who lived with 22 00:01:22,400 --> 00:01:23,759 Speaker 1: us for a while who lives out there, I want 23 00:01:23,760 --> 00:01:25,920 Speaker 1: to go visit him. Oh that's great. It's always great 24 00:01:25,959 --> 00:01:28,600 Speaker 1: to visit a country where you have a connection with 25 00:01:28,680 --> 00:01:31,560 Speaker 1: someone who lives there. Yes, exactly. But and you know, 26 00:01:31,680 --> 00:01:34,720 Speaker 1: on other previous episodes, Ben, we talked about the shape 27 00:01:34,760 --> 00:01:39,240 Speaker 1: of our planet. We did? We did? Is that foreshadowy? 28 00:01:39,280 --> 00:01:41,600 Speaker 1: It is? Well, it just to you know, remind people 29 00:01:41,640 --> 00:01:46,360 Speaker 1: that yes, this is a large, spherical like structured planet, 30 00:01:46,680 --> 00:01:49,280 Speaker 1: as most of the planets are, at least the ones 31 00:01:49,320 --> 00:01:53,160 Speaker 1: we've observed, and that means that our planet has these 32 00:01:53,200 --> 00:01:56,520 Speaker 1: these two things on it called polls, Right, why would 33 00:01:56,560 --> 00:01:59,760 Speaker 1: you go to the polls? In that conversation that I've 34 00:01:59,760 --> 00:02:04,800 Speaker 1: had about traveling anywhere um on the world, anywhere terrestrially, 35 00:02:05,320 --> 00:02:07,240 Speaker 1: one of the questions I would get is why on 36 00:02:07,280 --> 00:02:11,400 Speaker 1: Earth would you want to go to the North Pole? 37 00:02:11,560 --> 00:02:15,280 Speaker 1: Or why on Earth would you want to go to Antarctica? 38 00:02:15,919 --> 00:02:19,360 Speaker 1: And you know, it's it's a valid question. I would say. 39 00:02:20,720 --> 00:02:23,360 Speaker 1: One of the coolest things about going to Antarctica is 40 00:02:23,400 --> 00:02:28,400 Speaker 1: that so few people throughout human history have ever made 41 00:02:28,400 --> 00:02:32,679 Speaker 1: it there and returned alive there. So you know, bragging 42 00:02:32,760 --> 00:02:37,200 Speaker 1: rights neat little stamp on your passport, which is very 43 00:02:37,280 --> 00:02:40,280 Speaker 1: dodgy from a legal perspective, or maybe you just really 44 00:02:40,360 --> 00:02:43,160 Speaker 1: enjoy the cold, or maybe you're just super into the cold, 45 00:02:43,280 --> 00:02:45,919 Speaker 1: you know, and sleeping in your fridge isn't cutting it anymore. 46 00:02:46,600 --> 00:02:49,919 Speaker 1: It's true, Matt. You're absolutely right. Planet Earth. This very 47 00:02:49,960 --> 00:02:54,160 Speaker 1: basic information. Planet Earth has two poles, and they are 48 00:02:54,240 --> 00:03:00,120 Speaker 1: both cold inhospitable alien environments. These polls are places is 49 00:03:00,160 --> 00:03:03,160 Speaker 1: where human beings are not built to be. To the 50 00:03:03,240 --> 00:03:06,600 Speaker 1: far far north, we have the Arctic surrounded by the 51 00:03:06,680 --> 00:03:09,600 Speaker 1: Arctic Circle. To the far far south, we have the 52 00:03:09,639 --> 00:03:14,640 Speaker 1: continent of Antarctica. We've done several episodes on Antarctica. I 53 00:03:14,760 --> 00:03:19,839 Speaker 1: was surprised to remember we did one. Uh, let's see 54 00:03:19,840 --> 00:03:23,160 Speaker 1: what's our what's our most recent one we did? I 55 00:03:23,520 --> 00:03:26,400 Speaker 1: couldn't tell you. I know, we've discussed several times the 56 00:03:26,720 --> 00:03:31,040 Speaker 1: various attempts to get to to Antarctica and set up bases. 57 00:03:31,840 --> 00:03:35,040 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, from the World Wars on. Yeah, what happens 58 00:03:35,080 --> 00:03:37,400 Speaker 1: if there's a murder in Antarctica? That was one of 59 00:03:37,440 --> 00:03:40,600 Speaker 1: our most recent ones. Something yeah, something, I went along 60 00:03:40,680 --> 00:03:44,240 Speaker 1: that one. Then. My favorite one to date has been 61 00:03:44,800 --> 00:03:47,360 Speaker 1: What's Beneath the Arctic Ice, which is one of the 62 00:03:47,440 --> 00:03:49,760 Speaker 1: videos on our YouTube channel. That was a great one 63 00:03:50,320 --> 00:03:53,880 Speaker 1: talking about this the strange research that could be going 64 00:03:53,920 --> 00:03:56,440 Speaker 1: on there, because that's really all that happens there, right, 65 00:03:56,600 --> 00:04:00,120 Speaker 1: or the lethal diseases that may just wake up you know, 66 00:04:00,800 --> 00:04:03,440 Speaker 1: there's something you almost love crafty and about it. But 67 00:04:04,440 --> 00:04:08,000 Speaker 1: for the bulk of human history, very very few people, 68 00:04:08,400 --> 00:04:11,680 Speaker 1: a relatively few people have managed to visit these parts 69 00:04:11,720 --> 00:04:15,240 Speaker 1: of the world. Even fewer people have managed to visit 70 00:04:15,280 --> 00:04:18,040 Speaker 1: these parts of the world and return alive to tell 71 00:04:18,160 --> 00:04:21,440 Speaker 1: the tale. And you have to ask yourself, of course, 72 00:04:21,480 --> 00:04:24,480 Speaker 1: it makes sense that few people have managed to visit 73 00:04:24,520 --> 00:04:27,279 Speaker 1: the polls, why on arth would you. Let's talk a 74 00:04:27,279 --> 00:04:30,640 Speaker 1: little bit about the Arctic and the Arctic Circle, which 75 00:04:30,760 --> 00:04:34,160 Speaker 1: is going to be the primary focus for today's show. 76 00:04:34,640 --> 00:04:37,520 Speaker 1: The Arctic is a region of the planet. It's north 77 00:04:37,640 --> 00:04:40,040 Speaker 1: of the Arctic Circle, which will define in a moment, 78 00:04:40,480 --> 00:04:44,920 Speaker 1: and it includes the Arctic Ocean, Greenland, Baffin Island, other 79 00:04:45,080 --> 00:04:48,480 Speaker 1: smaller islands in the north, and the very very northern 80 00:04:48,560 --> 00:04:56,440 Speaker 1: areas of Europe, Russia, Alaska, and Canada. That's right, um, 81 00:04:56,480 --> 00:04:58,520 Speaker 1: And really, when you're talking about the Arctic, you're talking 82 00:04:58,600 --> 00:05:02,040 Speaker 1: about stuff that is a around the Arctic Ocean. So 83 00:05:02,520 --> 00:05:05,280 Speaker 1: in there are several seas that are up there along 84 00:05:05,320 --> 00:05:09,080 Speaker 1: the Russian coast and several other like bodies of water, 85 00:05:09,120 --> 00:05:12,760 Speaker 1: but it's really the Arctic Ocean up there. Um. And 86 00:05:13,880 --> 00:05:16,280 Speaker 1: you know, there are really five nations that you're talking 87 00:05:16,320 --> 00:05:18,520 Speaker 1: about if you're talking about the Arctic Powers or the 88 00:05:18,640 --> 00:05:21,760 Speaker 1: Arctic countries, the controlling powers up there. You've got Russia, 89 00:05:22,080 --> 00:05:26,839 Speaker 1: the United States with Alaska, Norway, Denmark and slash, Greenland 90 00:05:27,279 --> 00:05:29,919 Speaker 1: and Canada. These are these are the people or the 91 00:05:29,960 --> 00:05:32,200 Speaker 1: powers you're talking about when you're when you're going to 92 00:05:32,240 --> 00:05:36,280 Speaker 1: be discussing maybe land rights and usage rights of that area. 93 00:05:36,520 --> 00:05:40,520 Speaker 1: And that's the that's by the narrowest definition of the 94 00:05:40,720 --> 00:05:46,520 Speaker 1: Arctic as a whole. Yes, just down Arctic Ocean and 95 00:05:46,800 --> 00:05:51,479 Speaker 1: the five closest nations around it. Yes, the region has 96 00:05:51,720 --> 00:05:55,960 Speaker 1: also been defined as the area above the Arctic Circle. 97 00:05:56,240 --> 00:06:00,560 Speaker 1: Then in Russia, this area is referred to something that 98 00:06:00,600 --> 00:06:04,320 Speaker 1: translates to the High North. And if we if we 99 00:06:04,400 --> 00:06:08,720 Speaker 1: go by that definition, then we add some other countries 100 00:06:08,960 --> 00:06:13,760 Speaker 1: to the mix. Iceland, Sweden and Finland also become Arctic powers, 101 00:06:13,880 --> 00:06:17,359 Speaker 1: even though they don't have a coast on the Arctic Ocean. 102 00:06:17,920 --> 00:06:21,040 Speaker 1: So these eight nations together, they form what's called the 103 00:06:21,160 --> 00:06:23,760 Speaker 1: Arctic Council, and they've got a great website you can 104 00:06:23,839 --> 00:06:26,880 Speaker 1: check out by the way they do the Arctic Council, 105 00:06:27,600 --> 00:06:31,839 Speaker 1: it's an Arctic dash Council dot org. What makes the 106 00:06:31,839 --> 00:06:35,480 Speaker 1: website great, Matt. It's very difficult to read because of 107 00:06:35,520 --> 00:06:40,760 Speaker 1: the color choices that they've made um, but it's also 108 00:06:40,839 --> 00:06:43,400 Speaker 1: it's got a lot of cool information in there, and 109 00:06:43,640 --> 00:06:45,119 Speaker 1: I don't know, just check it out if you're interested 110 00:06:45,160 --> 00:06:51,120 Speaker 1: in exactly what that is. And when we talk about 111 00:06:51,279 --> 00:06:53,960 Speaker 1: when we talk about the polls, one thing that makes 112 00:06:53,960 --> 00:06:59,200 Speaker 1: the Arctic Circle very, very different from Antarctica is that 113 00:06:59,640 --> 00:07:04,800 Speaker 1: this is pretty populated, I mean sparsely populated, but pretty populated. 114 00:07:05,080 --> 00:07:08,919 Speaker 1: There about four million people who live there. Of those 115 00:07:08,920 --> 00:07:12,920 Speaker 1: four million people, about half a Russian And this is 116 00:07:12,960 --> 00:07:16,240 Speaker 1: still the case despite the fact that living in the 117 00:07:16,360 --> 00:07:21,280 Speaker 1: High North, living in the High North of Russia is 118 00:07:20,640 --> 00:07:23,560 Speaker 1: a is a rough life, and the area has been 119 00:07:23,560 --> 00:07:27,160 Speaker 1: losing population for the last several decades. So we've mentioned 120 00:07:27,200 --> 00:07:30,680 Speaker 1: the Arctic Circle. What is that It is essentially an 121 00:07:30,720 --> 00:07:34,520 Speaker 1: imaginary line. Our species has created it. We all agree 122 00:07:34,640 --> 00:07:37,680 Speaker 1: that that's a bully idea, and so we're going to 123 00:07:37,840 --> 00:07:41,440 Speaker 1: keep it around. It's located at sixty six point six 124 00:07:41,440 --> 00:07:46,760 Speaker 1: degrees north latitude, and it's we use that latitude as 125 00:07:46,800 --> 00:07:50,560 Speaker 1: a way to define or demarket the southernmost part of 126 00:07:50,600 --> 00:07:55,400 Speaker 1: the Arctic. Every part of the land and sea within 127 00:07:55,520 --> 00:07:59,600 Speaker 1: the Arctic Circle is very, very cold, and historically speaking, 128 00:08:00,040 --> 00:08:03,080 Speaker 1: much of it has just been covered with ice. In 129 00:08:03,120 --> 00:08:07,120 Speaker 1: addition to the temperature, just the regular weather sucks too, Yeah, 130 00:08:07,120 --> 00:08:09,920 Speaker 1: it really does. If you see a picture of the 131 00:08:10,000 --> 00:08:12,520 Speaker 1: Arctic Circle, why it's called the Arctic Circle because that 132 00:08:12,600 --> 00:08:16,040 Speaker 1: latitude makes this really nice circle there, and the ice 133 00:08:16,200 --> 00:08:18,840 Speaker 1: is the defining factor that Ben is talking about here. 134 00:08:18,880 --> 00:08:21,440 Speaker 1: If you're if you're looking at an image of it 135 00:08:22,080 --> 00:08:26,040 Speaker 1: from the top down, it's it's a rough place. So 136 00:08:26,040 --> 00:08:28,440 Speaker 1: in the midwinter months in this area, the sun never 137 00:08:28,480 --> 00:08:32,640 Speaker 1: really rises at all, It just doesn't. You just don't 138 00:08:32,679 --> 00:08:36,160 Speaker 1: have sun essentially, in temperatures stay very very low because 139 00:08:36,200 --> 00:08:39,400 Speaker 1: of that, and then they reach massive lows to about 140 00:08:39,520 --> 00:08:43,560 Speaker 1: negative fifty degrees fahrenheit at the higher latitudes in this region. 141 00:08:43,960 --> 00:08:46,160 Speaker 1: Um because you know, you do have varying latitudes there, 142 00:08:46,640 --> 00:08:48,160 Speaker 1: and then in the summer months, like if you go 143 00:08:48,160 --> 00:08:51,000 Speaker 1: a little bit further south, you get twenty four hours 144 00:08:51,000 --> 00:08:54,480 Speaker 1: of sunlight a day, and that has a pretty big 145 00:08:54,480 --> 00:08:58,800 Speaker 1: effect on that region because it's gonna melt all the seed, 146 00:08:58,880 --> 00:09:01,120 Speaker 1: you know, the ice that's coming up right that's being 147 00:09:01,120 --> 00:09:05,600 Speaker 1: formed there from the super cold region. UM. And this 148 00:09:05,679 --> 00:09:07,679 Speaker 1: is one of the main reasons that icebergs end up 149 00:09:07,679 --> 00:09:10,760 Speaker 1: breaking off from this like frozen northern area and then 150 00:09:10,800 --> 00:09:15,040 Speaker 1: floating south. And this, this, now, this right here is 151 00:09:15,080 --> 00:09:18,120 Speaker 1: one of the big things we're gonna talk about later, um, 152 00:09:18,160 --> 00:09:21,520 Speaker 1: when it comes to the economics of this region and 153 00:09:21,640 --> 00:09:26,000 Speaker 1: some of the uh, the reasons powers are fighting to 154 00:09:26,120 --> 00:09:28,760 Speaker 1: control this region because this ice as is melting from 155 00:09:28,800 --> 00:09:31,600 Speaker 1: the north and goes south, you can't it's very difficult 156 00:09:31,640 --> 00:09:37,199 Speaker 1: to get ships through there. And these these crushing temperatures. 157 00:09:37,240 --> 00:09:41,480 Speaker 1: Just to put this in perspective for everybody outside of 158 00:09:41,640 --> 00:09:49,480 Speaker 1: what the United States, Myanmar, and Namibia, negative fifty degrees 159 00:09:49,480 --> 00:09:55,880 Speaker 1: Fahreneit is negative forty five point five degrees celsius. So 160 00:09:56,240 --> 00:09:59,120 Speaker 1: I hope that some of us listening were like negative 161 00:09:59,160 --> 00:10:01,520 Speaker 1: fifty as hole. But what is that I hope that 162 00:10:01,600 --> 00:10:04,679 Speaker 1: really impacted you brought it over to Celsia. Here are 163 00:10:04,720 --> 00:10:09,040 Speaker 1: freezing temperatures where my hand is around my chest and 164 00:10:09,160 --> 00:10:12,959 Speaker 1: down there near the floor is where. Yes, yeah, that's great. 165 00:10:13,760 --> 00:10:19,080 Speaker 1: You're absolutely right. The icebergs breaking off, the rogue guys 166 00:10:19,160 --> 00:10:22,480 Speaker 1: floating around. I call it rogue, but really humans are 167 00:10:22,520 --> 00:10:26,520 Speaker 1: the rogue element here. Uh. This stuff makes it very 168 00:10:26,520 --> 00:10:32,360 Speaker 1: difficult and dangerous to move ships through, to move vessels 169 00:10:32,360 --> 00:10:35,600 Speaker 1: across the water, or it has historically. That has not 170 00:10:35,679 --> 00:10:39,000 Speaker 1: stopped people from living in the Arctic Circle. This is 171 00:10:39,040 --> 00:10:42,760 Speaker 1: not new territory. There's not a brand new suburb. People 172 00:10:42,760 --> 00:10:45,480 Speaker 1: have lived there for thousands and thousands of years. If 173 00:10:45,480 --> 00:10:48,160 Speaker 1: we wanted to ballpark, we could see the earliest people 174 00:10:48,559 --> 00:10:52,560 Speaker 1: around nine thousand years ago. It's it's an ancient land, 175 00:10:53,200 --> 00:10:55,840 Speaker 1: and while they've lived there, it hasn't been easy to 176 00:10:55,920 --> 00:10:59,360 Speaker 1: do so. It turned out that despite the thousands of 177 00:10:59,440 --> 00:11:03,400 Speaker 1: years of human civilization, admittedly sparse human civilization, but human 178 00:11:03,400 --> 00:11:07,960 Speaker 1: civilization nonetheless, no one actually reached the northernmost point. No 179 00:11:08,000 --> 00:11:10,280 Speaker 1: one reached the North Pole until the beginning of the 180 00:11:10,320 --> 00:11:14,439 Speaker 1: twentieth century, as far as we know. Officially, in nine 181 00:11:14,480 --> 00:11:18,080 Speaker 1: a guy named Robert E. Perry became the first documented 182 00:11:18,160 --> 00:11:23,160 Speaker 1: human being to physically reach the North Pole. Again, is 183 00:11:23,280 --> 00:11:26,080 Speaker 1: brutal part of the world. He was not by any 184 00:11:26,120 --> 00:11:28,960 Speaker 1: means the first guy to try it. He was just 185 00:11:29,080 --> 00:11:32,080 Speaker 1: the first to make it that we know of. That's right. 186 00:11:33,160 --> 00:11:36,679 Speaker 1: And uh, well, and when we say that's what we know, 187 00:11:37,400 --> 00:11:43,000 Speaker 1: it's because this guy, Robert E. Peary Perry, Roberty Perry. Uh, 188 00:11:43,080 --> 00:11:45,200 Speaker 1: he was well known to us. There were a lot 189 00:11:45,280 --> 00:11:48,240 Speaker 1: of other indigenous peoples that were living around this area 190 00:11:48,760 --> 00:11:52,040 Speaker 1: far before that, at least that we understand. So if 191 00:11:52,040 --> 00:11:54,920 Speaker 1: you're talking about the four million people that currently exist 192 00:11:55,000 --> 00:11:58,720 Speaker 1: and live there, you're talking about mostly Inuit, uh, Sammy 193 00:11:58,800 --> 00:12:03,120 Speaker 1: and um, you know people who live in Russia and 194 00:12:03,240 --> 00:12:08,199 Speaker 1: navigating the Arctic because of the ice that you mentioned, Matt, 195 00:12:08,240 --> 00:12:12,680 Speaker 1: and because of the temperatures, it's incredibly dangerous and potentially 196 00:12:12,760 --> 00:12:17,400 Speaker 1: incredibly rewarding on a couple of fronts. First, the realm 197 00:12:17,400 --> 00:12:21,520 Speaker 1: of commerce, the ability to transport goods across this area 198 00:12:21,520 --> 00:12:26,360 Speaker 1: of ocean can present tremendous economic advantages to any nation 199 00:12:26,840 --> 00:12:31,120 Speaker 1: or corporation controlling shipping routes. Yeah, because you're also going 200 00:12:31,160 --> 00:12:35,680 Speaker 1: to have problems navigating this by air this area because 201 00:12:35,720 --> 00:12:39,199 Speaker 1: of the temperature, sometimes because of other issues that you're 202 00:12:39,240 --> 00:12:42,600 Speaker 1: dealing with at the northern Pole. So having a giant 203 00:12:42,640 --> 00:12:47,080 Speaker 1: ship getting through the water with all of the freight 204 00:12:47,080 --> 00:12:51,400 Speaker 1: that it could carry. That would be hugely advantageous. Um. 205 00:12:51,480 --> 00:12:54,040 Speaker 1: The other problem here is the realm of military might, 206 00:12:54,640 --> 00:12:58,480 Speaker 1: because if you could let's say you're Russia and you 207 00:12:58,520 --> 00:13:02,000 Speaker 1: already have roughly fifty scent of the surrounding land mass 208 00:13:02,000 --> 00:13:05,520 Speaker 1: of the Arctic Circle, if you can move forward and 209 00:13:05,600 --> 00:13:10,360 Speaker 1: fully navigate the entire Arctic Ocean well and easily, then 210 00:13:11,240 --> 00:13:14,240 Speaker 1: it really changes something that we've mentioned before over here 211 00:13:14,320 --> 00:13:17,640 Speaker 1: called force projection, which is just having the ability to 212 00:13:18,400 --> 00:13:21,760 Speaker 1: uh have a ship with weapons on it wherever you 213 00:13:21,800 --> 00:13:24,360 Speaker 1: want it to be at any time. And up until recently, 214 00:13:24,400 --> 00:13:27,480 Speaker 1: the presence of all that ice made both of these 215 00:13:28,160 --> 00:13:35,640 Speaker 1: goals excercy thought exercises, you know what I mean, hypothetical scenarios. Yeah, 216 00:13:36,080 --> 00:13:40,840 Speaker 1: not attainable things. And let's take a brief, a brief 217 00:13:40,880 --> 00:13:44,600 Speaker 1: side trip all the way down south to Antarctica, just 218 00:13:44,640 --> 00:13:46,319 Speaker 1: to mention it, because a lot of these things will 219 00:13:46,320 --> 00:13:50,640 Speaker 1: apply to Antarctic as well. Southernmost continent on Earth. It's 220 00:13:50,679 --> 00:13:54,240 Speaker 1: the least populoust surprise surprise by far. That's because it's 221 00:13:54,240 --> 00:13:58,240 Speaker 1: also the possessor of several superlatives. It is not only 222 00:13:58,280 --> 00:14:01,360 Speaker 1: the driest place in the world, there's also the coldest 223 00:14:01,400 --> 00:14:05,040 Speaker 1: place in the world and sorry, Chicago, the windiest place 224 00:14:05,040 --> 00:14:08,280 Speaker 1: in the world. It's not a country, it has no government, 225 00:14:08,360 --> 00:14:12,040 Speaker 1: there is no native population. The entire continent is set 226 00:14:12,080 --> 00:14:17,679 Speaker 1: aside for now as a scientific preserve, but that hasn't 227 00:14:17,720 --> 00:14:22,760 Speaker 1: stopped countries from laying territorial claims. Britain, France, Norway, Australia 228 00:14:22,760 --> 00:14:27,320 Speaker 1: and New Zealand. Chile and Argentina have all laid claims. 229 00:14:27,800 --> 00:14:31,760 Speaker 1: Um the Nazi Party or Germany did as well. During 230 00:14:31,800 --> 00:14:35,920 Speaker 1: World War Two, military activities banned on this continent, and 231 00:14:35,960 --> 00:14:39,800 Speaker 1: it's also a legal to prospect for minerals or oil. 232 00:14:41,200 --> 00:14:44,840 Speaker 1: Fifty different nations, including Russia, China, and the US, have 233 00:14:44,960 --> 00:14:49,280 Speaker 1: agreed with this Antarctic treaty, but everybody's all about bending 234 00:14:49,320 --> 00:14:52,680 Speaker 1: the rules, especially as it gets easier and easier to 235 00:14:52,760 --> 00:14:55,960 Speaker 1: find stuff there. So that's how it stands now. We're 236 00:14:55,960 --> 00:14:58,800 Speaker 1: gonna spend most of our time on the Arctic today, 237 00:14:58,840 --> 00:15:01,720 Speaker 1: but it's important to that some of the same concerns 238 00:15:01,760 --> 00:15:04,320 Speaker 1: that apply to the North Pole apply or at least 239 00:15:04,320 --> 00:15:09,160 Speaker 1: will apply to the South Pole. And the big question 240 00:15:09,280 --> 00:15:13,800 Speaker 1: is what happens when all this changes. So, yeah, we 241 00:15:13,800 --> 00:15:15,960 Speaker 1: we've really been just looking at the background for a 242 00:15:16,000 --> 00:15:19,600 Speaker 1: lot of this stuff. But what happens when, uh, when 243 00:15:19,640 --> 00:15:22,080 Speaker 1: some of the ice melts, when it gets a little warmer, 244 00:15:22,240 --> 00:15:26,720 Speaker 1: when some of these uh things that were just bubble 245 00:15:26,840 --> 00:15:29,800 Speaker 1: thought bubbles and someone's head in a situation room become 246 00:15:29,800 --> 00:15:34,920 Speaker 1: an actual actionable plan. That's what we're looking at today, right. 247 00:15:36,000 --> 00:15:38,960 Speaker 1: We've explored a bit of the history, We've taken a 248 00:15:38,960 --> 00:15:42,320 Speaker 1: brief look at the present day situation. Yet we are 249 00:15:42,480 --> 00:15:47,720 Speaker 1: living in a time rife with Malcolm Gladwell esque tipping points. 250 00:15:47,760 --> 00:15:52,960 Speaker 1: They're dangling, loomuring, capering, swinging wildly on the horizon. Yes, sure, 251 00:15:53,040 --> 00:15:57,240 Speaker 1: the climate in these areas is changing, but the economic, geopolitical, 252 00:15:57,240 --> 00:16:00,560 Speaker 1: and military landscapes are changing as well. And the race 253 00:16:00,800 --> 00:16:05,240 Speaker 1: began years ago, it was just not on your mainstream 254 00:16:05,280 --> 00:16:09,760 Speaker 1: news networks. It's becoming increasingly apparent that this may well 255 00:16:09,960 --> 00:16:13,400 Speaker 1: be one of the next great global contest, and the 256 00:16:13,440 --> 00:16:17,080 Speaker 1: outcome of this race may well determine the course of 257 00:16:17,160 --> 00:16:21,360 Speaker 1: human affairs for decades, perhaps centuries to come. In short, 258 00:16:21,760 --> 00:16:25,680 Speaker 1: who will control the Arctic? And we'll get to that 259 00:16:25,760 --> 00:16:35,200 Speaker 1: right after a word from our sponsor. Here's where it 260 00:16:35,240 --> 00:16:40,040 Speaker 1: gets crazy. Everybody wants a piece that's it. Yeah, there 261 00:16:40,040 --> 00:16:41,800 Speaker 1: are a lot of There are a lot of powers 262 00:16:41,840 --> 00:16:44,160 Speaker 1: that are interested, and not just the ones who are 263 00:16:44,360 --> 00:16:47,880 Speaker 1: are immediately adjacent to the Arctic circle, right, right, So 264 00:16:48,520 --> 00:16:54,440 Speaker 1: we know that different countries have historically laid claim to 265 00:16:54,680 --> 00:16:58,360 Speaker 1: the Arctic, right and there have been numerous disputes about this, 266 00:16:58,440 --> 00:17:03,960 Speaker 1: which we can explore. But the accelerated trend of changing 267 00:17:04,119 --> 00:17:09,440 Speaker 1: climate or temperatures in these areas is also accelerating the 268 00:17:09,560 --> 00:17:13,560 Speaker 1: rate of change in geopolitics of the Arctic. So yeah, 269 00:17:13,560 --> 00:17:16,480 Speaker 1: if we want to take a quick look at the 270 00:17:16,560 --> 00:17:22,840 Speaker 1: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrations two thousand eighteen report cards, 271 00:17:22,840 --> 00:17:26,120 Speaker 1: specifically the Arctic report Card, you can find that at 272 00:17:26,280 --> 00:17:29,119 Speaker 1: Arctic dot n o a A dot gov if you 273 00:17:29,160 --> 00:17:31,920 Speaker 1: want to follow along here. But in their highlights, they're 274 00:17:31,960 --> 00:17:35,320 Speaker 1: talking about surface air temperatures in the Arctic. Now they've 275 00:17:35,320 --> 00:17:37,520 Speaker 1: continued to warm it twice the rate relative to the 276 00:17:37,560 --> 00:17:42,280 Speaker 1: rest of the globe, which is troubling. The air temperatures 277 00:17:42,280 --> 00:17:45,639 Speaker 1: there for the past five years have exceeded all previous 278 00:17:45,680 --> 00:17:49,200 Speaker 1: records since nineteen hundred. Uh. And there's a whole bunch 279 00:17:49,240 --> 00:17:51,160 Speaker 1: of other stuff in here that you can look at, 280 00:17:51,520 --> 00:17:55,560 Speaker 1: specifically talking about see ice. UM, let's see see ice 281 00:17:55,560 --> 00:17:58,479 Speaker 1: remained younger, thinner, and covered less area in the than 282 00:17:58,560 --> 00:18:01,320 Speaker 1: in the past. The well of lowest extents of the 283 00:18:01,359 --> 00:18:04,600 Speaker 1: satellite record have occurred in the last twelve years in 284 00:18:04,600 --> 00:18:07,320 Speaker 1: the Arctic, and uh, there's a time like if you 285 00:18:07,400 --> 00:18:09,320 Speaker 1: really want to dig deep into the information, you can 286 00:18:09,359 --> 00:18:12,239 Speaker 1: find it there on the report card. But essentially it's 287 00:18:12,320 --> 00:18:15,840 Speaker 1: just saying that the ice is receding. There's less of it, 288 00:18:15,840 --> 00:18:19,240 Speaker 1: it's younger ice, it's not building up the thick levels 289 00:18:19,240 --> 00:18:22,480 Speaker 1: that it used to. UM. It really is happening, and 290 00:18:22,480 --> 00:18:25,360 Speaker 1: it's happening now and it has been happening. And this 291 00:18:25,640 --> 00:18:31,720 Speaker 1: is catastrophic for the creatures, for the wildlife that have 292 00:18:32,520 --> 00:18:37,280 Speaker 1: adapted over millions and millions of years to live in 293 00:18:37,280 --> 00:18:40,520 Speaker 1: this environment. It's it's terrible for those is this is 294 00:18:40,960 --> 00:18:43,960 Speaker 1: this is one of the worst times in polar bear 295 00:18:44,080 --> 00:18:49,520 Speaker 1: history to be a polar bear. However, for humans in 296 00:18:49,560 --> 00:18:51,960 Speaker 1: the short term, if we look at the checkers game 297 00:18:52,080 --> 00:18:56,760 Speaker 1: rather than the chess game, this could be a bonanza, 298 00:18:57,160 --> 00:19:01,359 Speaker 1: a cavalcade of money to be made, assuming that we 299 00:19:01,480 --> 00:19:06,240 Speaker 1: still practice um the economic ideology of money in the 300 00:19:06,280 --> 00:19:08,960 Speaker 1: near future, which we probably will because we're not a 301 00:19:09,000 --> 00:19:13,600 Speaker 1: super creative species. This development, should it continue, will unlock 302 00:19:14,320 --> 00:19:19,280 Speaker 1: massive hydrocarbon and mineral resources in the Arctic and in 303 00:19:19,320 --> 00:19:23,479 Speaker 1: the Continental Shelf. This could also, at the same time 304 00:19:23,680 --> 00:19:28,600 Speaker 1: make a year round northern sea rout practical via two 305 00:19:28,600 --> 00:19:34,479 Speaker 1: ways Russia's Northeast Passage or Canada's Northwest Passage. And the 306 00:19:34,520 --> 00:19:37,879 Speaker 1: reason this is important is because it could cut transit 307 00:19:37,920 --> 00:19:41,480 Speaker 1: time to ship from somewhere in East Asia to Europe 308 00:19:41,520 --> 00:19:47,320 Speaker 1: or North America's east coast by thirty percent, which may 309 00:19:47,320 --> 00:19:50,840 Speaker 1: not sound like a lot, but it's huge. Like if 310 00:19:50,840 --> 00:19:54,119 Speaker 1: you ever get a check and taxes at of that, 311 00:19:55,200 --> 00:19:58,440 Speaker 1: you know you'll really feel it. Yeah, yes, and and 312 00:19:58,560 --> 00:20:01,120 Speaker 1: uh And as we're thinking about of this, it's not 313 00:20:01,320 --> 00:20:05,280 Speaker 1: you know, we mentioned Canada's Northwest Passage and Russia Russia's 314 00:20:05,359 --> 00:20:09,080 Speaker 1: Northeast Passage. It's not just those countries those nations that 315 00:20:09,080 --> 00:20:14,800 Speaker 1: would be using those passages. It's this has wider implications. Yes, yes, 316 00:20:15,000 --> 00:20:18,200 Speaker 1: this has wider implications. It goes down to the argument 317 00:20:18,200 --> 00:20:21,440 Speaker 1: of what should be considered international waters and what should 318 00:20:21,480 --> 00:20:24,120 Speaker 1: be considered sovereign waters right well, and then even if 319 00:20:24,160 --> 00:20:29,040 Speaker 1: it's not international waters, uh, countries and nations working together 320 00:20:29,280 --> 00:20:32,840 Speaker 1: with trade deals to use those waters, and it's just 321 00:20:32,960 --> 00:20:35,359 Speaker 1: there's so many there's so many things to think about 322 00:20:35,359 --> 00:20:37,439 Speaker 1: with it. A lot of you know what, now you 323 00:20:37,480 --> 00:20:39,960 Speaker 1: mentioned a mat A lot of lawyers are gonna make 324 00:20:40,000 --> 00:20:44,840 Speaker 1: a ton of cash off this too. So the thing 325 00:20:44,960 --> 00:20:50,560 Speaker 1: is that this could economically be very good for a 326 00:20:50,600 --> 00:20:54,119 Speaker 1: ton of nations and a ton of people throughout the world, 327 00:20:54,160 --> 00:20:59,440 Speaker 1: depending on how it's played out. However, without sounding two 328 00:20:59,560 --> 00:21:03,359 Speaker 1: skept cool of our ability to work together, we do 329 00:21:03,440 --> 00:21:07,679 Speaker 1: have to point out that one of the first possibilities 330 00:21:07,720 --> 00:21:10,600 Speaker 1: on the horizon, let's say all this ice melts, when 331 00:21:10,600 --> 00:21:13,440 Speaker 1: the first possibilities on the horizon is going to be war, 332 00:21:14,720 --> 00:21:17,919 Speaker 1: or at least the threat of war. Right, the posturing, well, 333 00:21:17,960 --> 00:21:21,800 Speaker 1: let's call it, yeah, posturing, rivalry, brinksmanship, whatever you wanna 334 00:21:21,840 --> 00:21:24,000 Speaker 1: call it. What you know what, why don't we call 335 00:21:24,040 --> 00:21:29,720 Speaker 1: it Russia and America to electric Arctic boogaloo? Okay, that's great. 336 00:21:29,880 --> 00:21:32,760 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, well, if you're listening, you're in the U. 337 00:21:32,880 --> 00:21:35,320 Speaker 1: N please feel free to use that just credit our show. 338 00:21:35,840 --> 00:21:39,359 Speaker 1: The disappearance of ice in the Arctic immediately changes the 339 00:21:39,440 --> 00:21:42,639 Speaker 1: status quo for Russia and the United States in the 340 00:21:42,720 --> 00:21:46,080 Speaker 1: following ways. In ways that are very very good for 341 00:21:46,560 --> 00:21:51,560 Speaker 1: the Federated States of Russia. Moscow suddenly gets access to 342 00:21:51,640 --> 00:21:56,119 Speaker 1: more than four thousand miles of Arctic coastline, and that 343 00:21:56,160 --> 00:22:00,000 Speaker 1: would fundamentally transform Russia from a continental to a mayor 344 00:22:00,000 --> 00:22:05,639 Speaker 1: of time power. Russia would have access to all weather 345 00:22:05,720 --> 00:22:10,119 Speaker 1: bases and immediately start constructing them. By the way, Yeah, 346 00:22:10,200 --> 00:22:11,840 Speaker 1: it would be a no brainer to do that. It 347 00:22:11,880 --> 00:22:15,400 Speaker 1: would be ridiculous not to do it. This also creates 348 00:22:15,440 --> 00:22:19,880 Speaker 1: security risk along Russia's northern border, Alaska and Russia being 349 00:22:20,000 --> 00:22:25,960 Speaker 1: very close together. Uh. And previously these concerns just didn't apply. 350 00:22:26,119 --> 00:22:29,440 Speaker 1: They were not applicable because of the area's harsh climate. 351 00:22:29,760 --> 00:22:33,720 Speaker 1: It's just too much of pain to do stuff there. So, 352 00:22:35,000 --> 00:22:38,880 Speaker 1: the prospect of the Arctic Ocean emerging as a new 353 00:22:39,040 --> 00:22:42,760 Speaker 1: theater of military rivalry or what did you call it, 354 00:22:42,880 --> 00:22:51,000 Speaker 1: met um naughty boats of naughty boat tag? There we go. 355 00:22:51,680 --> 00:22:54,840 Speaker 1: That's that's the way to explain board, kids, of naughty 356 00:22:54,880 --> 00:23:03,000 Speaker 1: boat tag. This prospect is being taken very very seriously, 357 00:23:03,080 --> 00:23:06,520 Speaker 1: not by just the US, but by NATO, by Moscow, 358 00:23:06,600 --> 00:23:09,960 Speaker 1: of course, and they're trying to figure out how they're 359 00:23:10,000 --> 00:23:15,520 Speaker 1: going to sort this out without entering into what's called 360 00:23:15,640 --> 00:23:20,600 Speaker 1: a hot war. Yeah, where stuff is actually fired, right, well, 361 00:23:20,640 --> 00:23:27,000 Speaker 1: so where stuff is actually fired from from from one 362 00:23:27,040 --> 00:23:29,800 Speaker 1: puppet master to the other puppet master. So like a 363 00:23:29,840 --> 00:23:34,480 Speaker 1: proxy war is occurring in Syria, that's where that's where 364 00:23:34,520 --> 00:23:37,520 Speaker 1: the hands go out and manipulate the other things, right, 365 00:23:38,040 --> 00:23:41,560 Speaker 1: they fire at each other, exactly, Proxy wars in Afghanistan, 366 00:23:41,680 --> 00:23:46,600 Speaker 1: proxy wars like in Southeast Asia. These things happen, but 367 00:23:47,280 --> 00:23:53,439 Speaker 1: this presents a situation where it could possibly be a 368 00:23:53,600 --> 00:23:58,120 Speaker 1: genuine military conflict the likes of which we haven't seen 369 00:23:58,160 --> 00:23:59,960 Speaker 1: since World War Two. And just if you want to 370 00:24:00,080 --> 00:24:04,199 Speaker 1: have an example of how important naval bases are to 371 00:24:04,600 --> 00:24:08,560 Speaker 1: the Russian Federation, Russian Federation of States, how to say 372 00:24:08,840 --> 00:24:12,040 Speaker 1: to Russia, Um, you just you can look to several 373 00:24:12,119 --> 00:24:16,200 Speaker 1: years ago in Ukraine and Crimea and the handling of 374 00:24:16,800 --> 00:24:20,719 Speaker 1: um some of the shipping and naval bases that were 375 00:24:20,760 --> 00:24:23,320 Speaker 1: so important in that region to the country, and the 376 00:24:23,320 --> 00:24:25,760 Speaker 1: actions that were taken to make sure those were secured. 377 00:24:26,040 --> 00:24:28,680 Speaker 1: Just if you if you want to take those as examples, 378 00:24:28,720 --> 00:24:32,560 Speaker 1: you can understand how important this stuff is, especially if 379 00:24:32,600 --> 00:24:35,240 Speaker 1: then you multiply it by the scale that it would 380 00:24:35,280 --> 00:24:39,560 Speaker 1: be in the Arctic. Absolutely, absolutely that's an excellent example 381 00:24:39,560 --> 00:24:42,680 Speaker 1: in Crimea itself has It was sad to see that 382 00:24:43,000 --> 00:24:48,080 Speaker 1: drop out of the news cycle because the story of 383 00:24:48,119 --> 00:24:53,320 Speaker 1: Crimea and self is fascinating, and it doesn't it doesn't start. 384 00:24:55,080 --> 00:24:57,360 Speaker 1: You know, just a few years ago when Russia invaded 385 00:24:58,160 --> 00:25:06,480 Speaker 1: excuse me, when, um, when patriots with Balaklava's right. Anyway, 386 00:25:06,760 --> 00:25:09,320 Speaker 1: there are people some of us listening are saying, all right, guys, 387 00:25:09,440 --> 00:25:12,560 Speaker 1: that's a little alarmist, going cold war on us. You're 388 00:25:12,600 --> 00:25:15,640 Speaker 1: going cold war, You're going hot war on us, You're 389 00:25:15,680 --> 00:25:17,719 Speaker 1: going World War three on us, because that's what you're 390 00:25:17,800 --> 00:25:22,880 Speaker 1: essentially implied. Right. The problem is that now we are 391 00:25:23,000 --> 00:25:27,000 Speaker 1: not talking about two nations fighting over a border, and 392 00:25:27,040 --> 00:25:29,600 Speaker 1: we have not been talking about that sort of thing 393 00:25:30,240 --> 00:25:35,640 Speaker 1: in in world politics and world militaries for decades. Everybody 394 00:25:35,760 --> 00:25:39,560 Speaker 1: is crewed up. Now, every country is in some sort 395 00:25:39,680 --> 00:25:44,080 Speaker 1: of gang to one degree or another. And a war 396 00:25:44,280 --> 00:25:48,600 Speaker 1: with European country who's a member of NATO means that 397 00:25:48,640 --> 00:25:52,119 Speaker 1: you're beefing with all of NATO. Yeah, and if you 398 00:25:52,160 --> 00:25:54,160 Speaker 1: are starting to fight with Russia, you're starting to fight 399 00:25:54,200 --> 00:25:58,879 Speaker 1: with all of Russia's buddies as well. And now that 400 00:25:59,040 --> 00:26:04,000 Speaker 1: this previous slee inaccessible part of the world maybe up 401 00:26:04,000 --> 00:26:07,680 Speaker 1: for grabs. Everybody wants a piece. We talked about the 402 00:26:07,760 --> 00:26:10,760 Speaker 1: Arctic Council. There's five d eight nations, so that's Canada, 403 00:26:10,880 --> 00:26:15,640 Speaker 1: the Kingdom of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, the Russian Federation, Sweden, 404 00:26:15,680 --> 00:26:20,320 Speaker 1: and the US. But again, when we say everybody wants 405 00:26:20,359 --> 00:26:24,160 Speaker 1: a piece, we mean picture picture that Gary Oldman give 406 00:26:24,720 --> 00:26:30,040 Speaker 1: everyone or everything, right. China, Japan, and South Korea all 407 00:26:30,080 --> 00:26:33,919 Speaker 1: also want to be involved in Arctic affairs, and China 408 00:26:34,200 --> 00:26:38,840 Speaker 1: is the PRC People's Republic of China is the biggest 409 00:26:38,960 --> 00:26:41,800 Speaker 1: player in this game, or at least the most visible 410 00:26:42,119 --> 00:26:46,119 Speaker 1: about it. China recently declared itself to be a quote 411 00:26:46,280 --> 00:26:51,720 Speaker 1: near Arctic state, which is weird. Which is weird because 412 00:26:51,800 --> 00:26:56,080 Speaker 1: if you look at this scale of just you know, 413 00:26:56,680 --> 00:26:58,879 Speaker 1: I'll be I'll be a jerk about it. If you 414 00:26:58,920 --> 00:27:01,600 Speaker 1: look at the scale of the solar system, every state 415 00:27:01,680 --> 00:27:04,800 Speaker 1: is a nearctic state. Okay, It's like what what is 416 00:27:04,920 --> 00:27:09,720 Speaker 1: what is not a Neararctic state? Is um Uganda or 417 00:27:09,760 --> 00:27:14,280 Speaker 1: the Bahamas or those not near arctic states? Sure? Sure, 418 00:27:14,480 --> 00:27:18,320 Speaker 1: arguably right, but that's that's a very relative term, you 419 00:27:18,320 --> 00:27:21,240 Speaker 1: know what I mean? You could you could be you 420 00:27:21,240 --> 00:27:23,679 Speaker 1: could be like a little north or south of the 421 00:27:23,760 --> 00:27:28,159 Speaker 1: equator and then call yourself a near Antarctic state because 422 00:27:28,160 --> 00:27:32,280 Speaker 1: you're closer slightly to Antarctica. The I don't know. I 423 00:27:32,359 --> 00:27:35,399 Speaker 1: just I think it's I think it's slippery semantics. But 424 00:27:35,520 --> 00:27:38,200 Speaker 1: they say they're a new Arctic state, and in January 425 00:27:38,600 --> 00:27:42,760 Speaker 1: they unveiled their plans for a polar silk route, announcing 426 00:27:42,800 --> 00:27:46,440 Speaker 1: that the country of China is an important stakeholder in 427 00:27:46,640 --> 00:27:50,199 Speaker 1: Arctic affairs. I would agree with that because of just 428 00:27:50,320 --> 00:27:55,600 Speaker 1: the sheer volume of stuff shipping to end from that country. Yes, 429 00:27:55,680 --> 00:27:58,240 Speaker 1: and that's exactly what they're interested in. They want to 430 00:27:58,280 --> 00:28:00,800 Speaker 1: be able to ship everything through there and save that 431 00:28:01,840 --> 00:28:04,720 Speaker 1: or however much they would end up saving shipping things. 432 00:28:05,280 --> 00:28:10,439 Speaker 1: And since they've been they've had observer status in the 433 00:28:10,520 --> 00:28:14,359 Speaker 1: Arctic Council because they've kind of seen this on the horizon, 434 00:28:14,920 --> 00:28:18,800 Speaker 1: on the both climate horizon as well as the geopolitical horizon. 435 00:28:19,320 --> 00:28:22,239 Speaker 1: Uh So it's just something to keep your eye on 436 00:28:22,440 --> 00:28:29,160 Speaker 1: for sure, right, And they've been building influence in this 437 00:28:29,320 --> 00:28:33,240 Speaker 1: area for as you said, Matt, for for some time. 438 00:28:33,760 --> 00:28:37,920 Speaker 1: But the issue here goes into the question of how 439 00:28:37,960 --> 00:28:42,920 Speaker 1: closely trade and military action may or may not be related. 440 00:28:43,760 --> 00:28:46,440 Speaker 1: I mean when we talked about deals, like, it's not 441 00:28:46,520 --> 00:28:49,560 Speaker 1: just those countries with the Northeast and the Northwest passage, 442 00:28:50,000 --> 00:28:53,600 Speaker 1: it's people making deals with those countries and into this effect, 443 00:28:53,640 --> 00:28:58,080 Speaker 1: Beijing was talking specifically with Canada and Russia um to 444 00:28:58,280 --> 00:29:00,880 Speaker 1: work out some kind of free trade agreement with both 445 00:29:00,920 --> 00:29:03,720 Speaker 1: of these countries, with some of the Scandinavian nations that 446 00:29:03,760 --> 00:29:07,360 Speaker 1: are up there too, you know, for China essentially to 447 00:29:08,000 --> 00:29:10,800 Speaker 1: infuse money into some of the bigger projects that are 448 00:29:10,840 --> 00:29:14,880 Speaker 1: happening in those areas. Specifically, there's one called the Yamal 449 00:29:15,240 --> 00:29:17,240 Speaker 1: l n G project that which has to do with 450 00:29:17,320 --> 00:29:22,880 Speaker 1: natural gas and oil oil capturing UH through Russia. And 451 00:29:23,080 --> 00:29:25,800 Speaker 1: there are other projects in the US in Alaska they're doing, 452 00:29:26,200 --> 00:29:29,400 Speaker 1: you know, pretty much the same thing and UH and 453 00:29:29,400 --> 00:29:32,960 Speaker 1: and as well as Canada. And it's just it's China, 454 00:29:33,280 --> 00:29:36,840 Speaker 1: like you said, Ben, trying to have its seat at 455 00:29:36,840 --> 00:29:38,880 Speaker 1: the table, to get in on the ground floor with 456 00:29:38,960 --> 00:29:43,120 Speaker 1: these projects as investors, to then have a stake in 457 00:29:43,680 --> 00:29:47,320 Speaker 1: other parts of it. Right, right, if the if the 458 00:29:47,440 --> 00:29:52,800 Speaker 1: legal framework of geopolitics will work, then surely the financial 459 00:29:52,840 --> 00:29:57,000 Speaker 1: framework of who owes who money will will deliver right there. 460 00:29:57,480 --> 00:30:00,400 Speaker 1: And let's real quick on the timeline here. Hoarding to 461 00:30:00,560 --> 00:30:04,280 Speaker 1: NASA global climate models predict the Arctic will be ice 462 00:30:04,360 --> 00:30:07,480 Speaker 1: free during the summer months by the middle of this century, 463 00:30:08,160 --> 00:30:12,120 Speaker 1: so by and that's very much a ballpark that could 464 00:30:12,160 --> 00:30:18,240 Speaker 1: be that that could mean anywhere from to you know. 465 00:30:19,160 --> 00:30:22,480 Speaker 1: So it's so weird time scales because it feels so 466 00:30:22,560 --> 00:30:27,800 Speaker 1: long term and yet that is fully short term. Yes, 467 00:30:27,960 --> 00:30:30,800 Speaker 1: that is not long at all. Hey man, you'll probably 468 00:30:30,920 --> 00:30:34,840 Speaker 1: you'll probably be here. I don't know. Maybe you should 469 00:30:34,880 --> 00:30:38,920 Speaker 1: sketch go ahead and link book your tickets now cruise 470 00:30:39,200 --> 00:30:43,760 Speaker 1: you can take it on a Chinese icebreaker perhaps. Uh. 471 00:30:43,920 --> 00:30:47,760 Speaker 1: The snow Dragon two and the snow Dragon one have 472 00:30:48,080 --> 00:30:52,520 Speaker 1: already been created and there's an expedition scheduled for the 473 00:30:52,680 --> 00:30:58,880 Speaker 1: first half of This is also happening in This is 474 00:30:58,960 --> 00:31:03,280 Speaker 1: happening in a erose sum environment. To be absolutely clear, 475 00:31:03,320 --> 00:31:07,720 Speaker 1: what that means is that there there's a finite amount 476 00:31:07,880 --> 00:31:13,040 Speaker 1: of power, there's a finite amount of territory, and there's 477 00:31:13,120 --> 00:31:18,080 Speaker 1: a finite amount of resource to be extracted. So what 478 00:31:18,240 --> 00:31:21,960 Speaker 1: there are we'll get into right the annual the economy 479 00:31:22,000 --> 00:31:24,480 Speaker 1: of this region could exceed four hundred and fifty billion 480 00:31:24,520 --> 00:31:28,000 Speaker 1: dollars US. But we're bringing up just that point because 481 00:31:28,720 --> 00:31:33,080 Speaker 1: the government of China has been quick to capitalize on 482 00:31:33,440 --> 00:31:37,680 Speaker 1: what they see as um lack of expertise and interest 483 00:31:38,480 --> 00:31:41,560 Speaker 1: from the US, from Uncle Sam, from Washing d C. 484 00:31:42,280 --> 00:31:46,240 Speaker 1: And that's not related to and let's not related to 485 00:31:46,240 --> 00:31:50,640 Speaker 1: any particular administration. These are big boy rules. We're talking 486 00:31:50,640 --> 00:31:54,080 Speaker 1: about the way other countries look at each other. But 487 00:31:54,200 --> 00:31:58,440 Speaker 1: real politics tells us other countries only care about what's 488 00:31:58,440 --> 00:32:03,560 Speaker 1: happening domestically a different country if it will help their 489 00:32:03,600 --> 00:32:07,200 Speaker 1: bottom line or give them an opportunity to require more 490 00:32:07,320 --> 00:32:10,840 Speaker 1: power and influence on the global stage. Can I use 491 00:32:10,960 --> 00:32:15,680 Speaker 1: this right? Can use otherwise? Why why are you telling 492 00:32:15,720 --> 00:32:19,120 Speaker 1: me we have problems of our own? Says every country? 493 00:32:19,200 --> 00:32:24,840 Speaker 1: So resources, that's why. That's that's ultimately what it comes 494 00:32:24,880 --> 00:32:27,760 Speaker 1: down to. Almost every time on the show, Yeah, almost 495 00:32:27,760 --> 00:32:31,200 Speaker 1: every time, not every time, almost every time in history. 496 00:32:31,840 --> 00:32:35,160 Speaker 1: You know, it might be dressed up as values or 497 00:32:35,320 --> 00:32:42,240 Speaker 1: interest or national security, national security or someone's religion makes 498 00:32:42,600 --> 00:32:45,800 Speaker 1: you know, gets us in a stink or whatever, but really, 499 00:32:45,920 --> 00:32:50,160 Speaker 1: ultimately that's that's all window dressing. It's all it's all 500 00:32:50,160 --> 00:32:52,920 Speaker 1: a nice side to catch up to the the actual fries, 501 00:32:53,280 --> 00:32:58,480 Speaker 1: which are resources. So yes, they're tremendous shipping in military 502 00:32:58,480 --> 00:33:03,400 Speaker 1: force projection ADVAN just to controlling the Arctic. But why 503 00:33:03,440 --> 00:33:07,720 Speaker 1: are those important? Because it boils down to what can 504 00:33:07,760 --> 00:33:10,520 Speaker 1: you get from there and what can you move across there? 505 00:33:10,640 --> 00:33:14,880 Speaker 1: That's it resources. But why are they so important? Let's 506 00:33:14,880 --> 00:33:17,040 Speaker 1: get into that right after a quick word from our sponsor. 507 00:33:24,360 --> 00:33:27,640 Speaker 1: So here's the thing. You nailed it in one word, 508 00:33:27,840 --> 00:33:35,600 Speaker 1: that resources. Every every conflict is about resources, right, We've 509 00:33:35,640 --> 00:33:40,480 Speaker 1: we've said this before. We don't just mean it in 510 00:33:40,560 --> 00:33:43,280 Speaker 1: post World War two. We don't just mean it in 511 00:33:43,400 --> 00:33:48,600 Speaker 1: terms of like Russia grabbing crimea or something. We mean 512 00:33:48,640 --> 00:33:54,000 Speaker 1: throughout human history, throughout the span of our civilization, virtually 513 00:33:54,200 --> 00:33:58,760 Speaker 1: every large scale conflict has been about resources. Now it'll 514 00:33:58,760 --> 00:34:01,600 Speaker 1: be dressed up, you know, there will be some window dressing, 515 00:34:01,840 --> 00:34:04,320 Speaker 1: especially in democracies, right though. It will be like, oh, 516 00:34:04,360 --> 00:34:08,239 Speaker 1: it's our values, right, or it's what's another one, it's 517 00:34:08,320 --> 00:34:12,000 Speaker 1: um it it presents a national security risk here we go, 518 00:34:12,440 --> 00:34:15,160 Speaker 1: or you know, if you go a little further back, 519 00:34:16,040 --> 00:34:20,840 Speaker 1: these people's religion is bad to us. Yeah, that lumber 520 00:34:21,000 --> 00:34:23,080 Speaker 1: that's all over there, that has nothing to do with it. 521 00:34:23,160 --> 00:34:27,040 Speaker 1: That control of the bay has nothing to do with it. 522 00:34:27,239 --> 00:34:30,520 Speaker 1: The ability to send things down this river because you know, 523 00:34:30,680 --> 00:34:34,399 Speaker 1: don't worry about that. Uh. Catholicism bad and of course 524 00:34:34,520 --> 00:34:41,759 Speaker 1: religious and uh racial discrimination is a real thing. It's 525 00:34:41,800 --> 00:34:46,560 Speaker 1: also an avenue to justify taking stuff from people. It's 526 00:34:46,560 --> 00:34:49,239 Speaker 1: a lever you can pull. It's yeah, it's very much. 527 00:34:50,880 --> 00:34:53,480 Speaker 1: War is very much a stuff oriented thing. Are we 528 00:34:53,560 --> 00:34:56,280 Speaker 1: too cynical or is this? I mean this, this feels 529 00:34:56,320 --> 00:34:58,160 Speaker 1: so real to me, and I've seen it happen so 530 00:34:58,200 --> 00:35:01,440 Speaker 1: many times throughout history. I'm not I'm not being too 531 00:35:01,440 --> 00:35:03,840 Speaker 1: cynical in these thoughts, am I? Because I really do 532 00:35:03,880 --> 00:35:06,440 Speaker 1: feel like this is just the truth. I'm the worst 533 00:35:06,520 --> 00:35:10,680 Speaker 1: person to ask because I completely agree with you, Matt. 534 00:35:10,960 --> 00:35:12,960 Speaker 1: I mean, there are there Okay, So yes, it's true. 535 00:35:12,960 --> 00:35:16,840 Speaker 1: There are tremendous shipping and military force projection advantages to 536 00:35:17,160 --> 00:35:21,080 Speaker 1: having control over all or some of the Arctic, especially 537 00:35:21,120 --> 00:35:25,480 Speaker 1: those shipping routes. But why are they important? Why it's 538 00:35:25,520 --> 00:35:29,680 Speaker 1: not bragging rights. It ultimately boils down to resource extraction. 539 00:35:30,040 --> 00:35:32,359 Speaker 1: What can we get from there? What can we move 540 00:35:32,440 --> 00:35:35,000 Speaker 1: across there? In two thousand and eight, the U S 541 00:35:35,040 --> 00:35:39,440 Speaker 1: Geological Service estimated that the Arctic alone contains more than 542 00:35:39,520 --> 00:35:43,759 Speaker 1: one thousand, six hundred sixty nine trillion cubic feet of 543 00:35:43,920 --> 00:35:49,760 Speaker 1: natural gas reserves oh m G. So this amount is massive. 544 00:35:50,239 --> 00:35:55,640 Speaker 1: It's it's about thirty of all of the world's remaining 545 00:35:55,960 --> 00:35:59,319 Speaker 1: supply of natural gas that has not been in some 546 00:35:59,360 --> 00:36:03,880 Speaker 1: way found developed or begun to be extracted. This is 547 00:36:04,080 --> 00:36:07,800 Speaker 1: um That number is almost four times the entire United 548 00:36:07,840 --> 00:36:11,040 Speaker 1: States reserves that exists right now. And that this number 549 00:36:11,280 --> 00:36:14,799 Speaker 1: also does not include what are called methane hydrates on 550 00:36:14,840 --> 00:36:18,120 Speaker 1: the cbed, which can also be converted to a very 551 00:36:18,160 --> 00:36:23,319 Speaker 1: valuable resource. The addition of this stuff, if it ever 552 00:36:23,440 --> 00:36:27,080 Speaker 1: becomes cost effective to to extract it, which is a 553 00:36:27,120 --> 00:36:29,480 Speaker 1: big deal here, which is a huge deal, could boost 554 00:36:29,480 --> 00:36:35,600 Speaker 1: potential reserves exponentially. In addition, they're probably around forty four 555 00:36:35,840 --> 00:36:40,719 Speaker 1: billion barrels of natural gas liquids and nine billion barrels 556 00:36:40,719 --> 00:36:46,480 Speaker 1: of oil. That's about of the undeveloped oil reserves on 557 00:36:46,520 --> 00:36:51,319 Speaker 1: the planet. In one place, the Geological Service estimates the 558 00:36:52,120 --> 00:36:57,480 Speaker 1: pent of the Arctics hydrocarbons are offshore. Sixty of the 559 00:36:57,600 --> 00:37:01,120 Speaker 1: Arctic oil is in Russian territory tory, and not just 560 00:37:01,200 --> 00:37:04,200 Speaker 1: in the territory that the Russian government thinks belongs to it, 561 00:37:04,400 --> 00:37:07,839 Speaker 1: which is different, but in the territory that everybody sort 562 00:37:07,840 --> 00:37:12,080 Speaker 1: of agrees belongs to it. So according to their surveys, 563 00:37:12,880 --> 00:37:18,920 Speaker 1: the Russian surveys, more than of the hydrocarbon reserves are 564 00:37:18,960 --> 00:37:22,160 Speaker 1: located in the Arctic zone of the Siberian Continental Shelf, 565 00:37:22,719 --> 00:37:26,520 Speaker 1: And without going into the weeds too much, this is 566 00:37:26,520 --> 00:37:32,759 Speaker 1: a commercial powder keg. This could guarantee Russia's seat at 567 00:37:32,800 --> 00:37:36,000 Speaker 1: the table. One of the criticisms that you'll hear about 568 00:37:36,080 --> 00:37:40,879 Speaker 1: Russia pretty often is that Russia is pretending to be 569 00:37:41,360 --> 00:37:44,560 Speaker 1: a world power or a superpower. It's got a lot 570 00:37:44,600 --> 00:37:50,800 Speaker 1: of domestic problems. Again, you know, most other world leaders 571 00:37:50,880 --> 00:37:53,480 Speaker 1: care about that to the point that it might present 572 00:37:53,520 --> 00:37:57,919 Speaker 1: an opportunity for them, but otherwise it's like, not my job, 573 00:37:57,960 --> 00:38:01,000 Speaker 1: not my problem. And so the criticism that you will 574 00:38:01,040 --> 00:38:05,880 Speaker 1: hear about Russia is that they have two things that 575 00:38:06,000 --> 00:38:08,960 Speaker 1: give them a seat at the table, new and nuclear 576 00:38:09,120 --> 00:38:16,200 Speaker 1: arsenal and gas reserves hydrocarbon reserves. So if they were 577 00:38:16,239 --> 00:38:20,960 Speaker 1: able to exponentially increase the amount of stuff that they 578 00:38:21,000 --> 00:38:25,200 Speaker 1: control in the in the hydrocarbon economy, then they also 579 00:38:26,520 --> 00:38:30,040 Speaker 1: they also increase their prominence and importance and influence in 580 00:38:30,080 --> 00:38:33,680 Speaker 1: world affairs. You know, there were times a few years back, 581 00:38:34,719 --> 00:38:37,200 Speaker 1: not so long ago, in recent history, while we were alive, 582 00:38:37,600 --> 00:38:42,880 Speaker 1: when Russia could literally just turn off the gas supply 583 00:38:43,040 --> 00:38:46,359 Speaker 1: to a large swath of Europe just if they wanted to, 584 00:38:47,000 --> 00:38:48,960 Speaker 1: just you know, if like fun, like when do you 585 00:38:49,000 --> 00:38:52,880 Speaker 1: else are you doing on a Friday? His power, his power. 586 00:38:53,600 --> 00:38:59,080 Speaker 1: It's not clear, however, yet, whether these reserves are whether 587 00:38:59,120 --> 00:39:02,359 Speaker 1: it makes sense to get them right now. Yeah, well, yeah, 588 00:39:02,400 --> 00:39:05,799 Speaker 1: that's the whole thing. It's building the infrastructure and the 589 00:39:06,239 --> 00:39:09,320 Speaker 1: having the technology to be able to extract that stuff 590 00:39:09,360 --> 00:39:13,279 Speaker 1: from the depths where it exists in those cold temperatures 591 00:39:13,320 --> 00:39:15,239 Speaker 1: and all the all the other factors. Even if it 592 00:39:15,239 --> 00:39:18,080 Speaker 1: begins melting, it's still a tremendous It would be a 593 00:39:18,080 --> 00:39:21,400 Speaker 1: tremendous achievement to be able to get that, and it 594 00:39:21,440 --> 00:39:24,960 Speaker 1: would cost so much money, which is one of the 595 00:39:24,960 --> 00:39:29,120 Speaker 1: biggest problems here. There's this thing called the International Energy 596 00:39:29,200 --> 00:39:32,000 Speaker 1: Agency or the i e A. We love to to 597 00:39:32,120 --> 00:39:35,359 Speaker 1: read those, and they believe that in order to make 598 00:39:35,400 --> 00:39:38,799 Speaker 1: this economically feasible to do to extract this, you know, 599 00:39:38,920 --> 00:39:43,680 Speaker 1: the oil and natural gas here, the average price essentially 600 00:39:43,800 --> 00:39:46,160 Speaker 1: of oil would have to be around a hundred and 601 00:39:46,200 --> 00:39:49,960 Speaker 1: twenty dollars per barrel for the development for this to 602 00:39:50,080 --> 00:39:52,319 Speaker 1: even work to to make to have it make sense, 603 00:39:52,400 --> 00:39:55,280 Speaker 1: you can make money back, so you're not just throwing 604 00:39:55,320 --> 00:39:58,200 Speaker 1: money into the Arctic in order to make some back. 605 00:39:59,280 --> 00:40:04,760 Speaker 1: And for perspective, right now, as we're recording it, crude 606 00:40:04,880 --> 00:40:08,640 Speaker 1: oil probably averaged around sixty five bucks a barrel or 607 00:40:08,680 --> 00:40:12,680 Speaker 1: so in February of this year, so oil would almost 608 00:40:12,719 --> 00:40:15,880 Speaker 1: have to double. You gotta make some calls to the 609 00:40:17,239 --> 00:40:19,680 Speaker 1: big heads and talk to them. I think, yeah, they're 610 00:40:19,680 --> 00:40:22,799 Speaker 1: also cutting production right, and Russia is part of the conversation. 611 00:40:22,960 --> 00:40:28,640 Speaker 1: Oh man, different show. So there's also the cost of 612 00:40:30,160 --> 00:40:33,440 Speaker 1: creating all the infrastructure you need to get this stuff 613 00:40:33,440 --> 00:40:37,200 Speaker 1: out right. This is no longer Beverly Hillbilly's land. Kudos 614 00:40:37,200 --> 00:40:39,440 Speaker 1: to anyone I got that reference. They will have to 615 00:40:39,480 --> 00:40:44,239 Speaker 1: build around one trillion US dollars worth or sixty nine 616 00:40:44,280 --> 00:40:51,200 Speaker 1: trillion rubles worth of stuff two extracted oil to process 617 00:40:51,239 --> 00:40:55,040 Speaker 1: it to make it something that they can sell, and 618 00:40:55,080 --> 00:40:58,520 Speaker 1: they don't have this country. Russia does not have the 619 00:40:58,640 --> 00:41:01,759 Speaker 1: technology so far as we know, to exploit those deep 620 00:41:01,800 --> 00:41:06,480 Speaker 1: water deposits. Yet Additionally, a lot of the stuff they 621 00:41:06,640 --> 00:41:10,520 Speaker 1: do have to, you know, to extract energy from this 622 00:41:10,560 --> 00:41:13,080 Speaker 1: part of the world. Was not designed to cope with 623 00:41:13,160 --> 00:41:16,239 Speaker 1: this part of the world melting. Yeah, it's designed to 624 00:41:16,239 --> 00:41:19,440 Speaker 1: be in the frozen areas. You can see some that 625 00:41:19,680 --> 00:41:22,759 Speaker 1: thing that we mentioned a little earlier, the Yamal l 626 00:41:22,880 --> 00:41:26,360 Speaker 1: n G project, you can actually see images of what 627 00:41:26,840 --> 00:41:29,400 Speaker 1: uh some of the some of it looks like. And 628 00:41:29,440 --> 00:41:33,399 Speaker 1: it is just built on essentially ice. I mean, it's 629 00:41:33,480 --> 00:41:36,560 Speaker 1: just built on ice inside ice. And if that were 630 00:41:36,560 --> 00:41:39,439 Speaker 1: all to melt, it would it would quickly change how 631 00:41:39,480 --> 00:41:44,399 Speaker 1: that how that whole system functions, how that facility functions. Um, 632 00:41:44,520 --> 00:41:49,680 Speaker 1: it could create a large issue. Yeah, absolutely, because there's 633 00:41:49,719 --> 00:41:53,240 Speaker 1: gonna be a limital space. There's gonna be a transition period. 634 00:41:54,120 --> 00:41:57,799 Speaker 1: Earth does not work on light switches, you know what 635 00:41:57,840 --> 00:42:01,200 Speaker 1: I mean. What's gonna happen is that stuff will stuff 636 00:42:01,239 --> 00:42:06,400 Speaker 1: will begin to melt, and eventually, when it melts to 637 00:42:06,680 --> 00:42:11,040 Speaker 1: a to a high enough degree, there will be avenues 638 00:42:11,120 --> 00:42:15,400 Speaker 1: to access this hidden oil, these hidden hydroc carbons. But 639 00:42:15,480 --> 00:42:18,640 Speaker 1: before it reaches that point, it's it will just be 640 00:42:18,760 --> 00:42:23,239 Speaker 1: muddy and things will be not quite accessible. But all 641 00:42:23,239 --> 00:42:27,560 Speaker 1: this stuff we built before will not work. So there's 642 00:42:27,600 --> 00:42:30,360 Speaker 1: going to be this worse before it gets better scenario, 643 00:42:30,920 --> 00:42:34,680 Speaker 1: and that's when the that's when the series of battles 644 00:42:34,840 --> 00:42:37,800 Speaker 1: will start. These will be happening concurrently, the battles already 645 00:42:37,840 --> 00:42:40,560 Speaker 1: started in the courtroom. That's where a lot of international 646 00:42:40,560 --> 00:42:44,520 Speaker 1: battles start. Primary disagreements here, as you already point out, Matt, 647 00:42:44,680 --> 00:42:48,040 Speaker 1: concern what we think of as international waters and what 648 00:42:48,080 --> 00:42:50,880 Speaker 1: we think of as sovereign waters or territory controlled by 649 00:42:50,880 --> 00:42:54,640 Speaker 1: a single nation or and on calling and now eventually 650 00:42:54,960 --> 00:42:59,799 Speaker 1: a single corporation. So conflicting claims the Arctic date back 651 00:42:59,800 --> 00:43:03,600 Speaker 1: to least nine five, when Canada said that, all right, 652 00:43:03,680 --> 00:43:08,799 Speaker 1: we're gonna say our maritime border extends to cover everything 653 00:43:09,000 --> 00:43:13,160 Speaker 1: from sixty degrees west to one degrees west and then 654 00:43:13,239 --> 00:43:16,040 Speaker 1: northward all the way to the North Pole and the 655 00:43:16,120 --> 00:43:19,919 Speaker 1: North Pole remember this nine So the North Pole had 656 00:43:19,960 --> 00:43:22,920 Speaker 1: just been reached in nineteen o nine and Canada was like, 657 00:43:23,120 --> 00:43:27,480 Speaker 1: let's get on it. So they also claim these various 658 00:43:27,600 --> 00:43:30,680 Speaker 1: channels and straits that constitute what we call the Northwest 659 00:43:30,719 --> 00:43:34,880 Speaker 1: Passage are part of its internal waters, not international. You 660 00:43:34,880 --> 00:43:37,040 Speaker 1: want to travel on this road, you have to play 661 00:43:37,040 --> 00:43:40,839 Speaker 1: with us. The US and other countries have argued that 662 00:43:40,840 --> 00:43:45,839 Speaker 1: that this is complete malarchy. There's an international waterway. You 663 00:43:45,920 --> 00:43:49,000 Speaker 1: have to let us go free and unencumbered, which means 664 00:43:49,040 --> 00:43:52,560 Speaker 1: we can come and go as we please. The This 665 00:43:52,640 --> 00:43:55,200 Speaker 1: is one example. There are a ton of other examples. 666 00:43:55,320 --> 00:43:57,360 Speaker 1: Rushes and a lot of them because they control a 667 00:43:57,400 --> 00:44:00,120 Speaker 1: lot of the coastline. Now the battle has been moving 668 00:44:00,120 --> 00:44:05,399 Speaker 1: forward symbolically. In two thousand and five, the Russian Arctica Expedition, 669 00:44:06,080 --> 00:44:09,240 Speaker 1: which was the first manned descent to the sea floor 670 00:44:09,280 --> 00:44:11,799 Speaker 1: beneath the North Pole. And this is baller by the way, 671 00:44:12,360 --> 00:44:15,680 Speaker 1: they planted a Russian flag made of titanium on the 672 00:44:15,800 --> 00:44:20,680 Speaker 1: Arctic floor at the geographical poll. That's that's what's up. 673 00:44:21,160 --> 00:44:22,600 Speaker 1: I thought it was yeah, I thought it was a 674 00:44:22,600 --> 00:44:25,279 Speaker 1: power move. The US and Canada Denmark thought so too, 675 00:44:25,280 --> 00:44:28,840 Speaker 1: but they didn't think it was cool. And the Kremlins, 676 00:44:29,080 --> 00:44:32,040 Speaker 1: they said, what are you doing. You can't just say 677 00:44:32,080 --> 00:44:34,839 Speaker 1: this belongs to you, and and the Kremlin said it 678 00:44:34,920 --> 00:44:39,320 Speaker 1: was not asserting severenity. And this is where we found 679 00:44:39,360 --> 00:44:45,000 Speaker 1: this excellent caddy quote from Russian Foreign Minister Sergi Lavorov. 680 00:44:46,080 --> 00:44:49,560 Speaker 1: We're not throwing flags around. We just do what other 681 00:44:49,640 --> 00:44:53,200 Speaker 1: discoverers did. The purpose of the expedition is not to 682 00:44:53,400 --> 00:44:56,839 Speaker 1: skates whatever rights of Russia, but to prove that our 683 00:44:56,920 --> 00:45:00,360 Speaker 1: shelf extends to the north Pole. By the way, on 684 00:45:00,440 --> 00:45:05,759 Speaker 1: the Moon, it was the same, like remember when you 685 00:45:05,800 --> 00:45:11,000 Speaker 1: planted that area flag on the Moon. It's just because 686 00:45:11,000 --> 00:45:13,440 Speaker 1: we got here first. Come on, Like we sent a 687 00:45:13,480 --> 00:45:17,120 Speaker 1: submersible down and we put a giant, awesome titanium flag 688 00:45:17,160 --> 00:45:20,880 Speaker 1: down there. It's it's strange, But these symbols are important, 689 00:45:20,920 --> 00:45:24,719 Speaker 1: right are they are? And that's why in Antarctica you 690 00:45:24,760 --> 00:45:28,000 Speaker 1: can still get a passport stamp from Great Britain or 691 00:45:28,040 --> 00:45:31,120 Speaker 1: something or you or these countries will operate post offices. 692 00:45:31,840 --> 00:45:36,919 Speaker 1: So what happens when the weather warms, it brings hotter wars. Historically, 693 00:45:36,960 --> 00:45:40,520 Speaker 1: the Arctic Ocean has not been a significant military theater 694 00:45:40,760 --> 00:45:43,439 Speaker 1: for the US, which means it's not a place where 695 00:45:43,440 --> 00:45:47,080 Speaker 1: we put our weapons of destruction and our weapons of war. 696 00:45:47,680 --> 00:45:49,920 Speaker 1: At the height of the Cold War, US and Soviet 697 00:45:49,920 --> 00:45:54,240 Speaker 1: ballistic missile submarines hid below the polar ice caps. And 698 00:45:54,400 --> 00:45:57,680 Speaker 1: you know, played this game of cat and mouse, right, 699 00:45:58,160 --> 00:46:01,040 Speaker 1: you know, the it's the can at least harken back 700 00:46:01,080 --> 00:46:06,319 Speaker 1: to images of Hunter October right right, and could call 701 00:46:06,719 --> 00:46:10,520 Speaker 1: and both sides did have early warning networks, and they 702 00:46:10,560 --> 00:46:15,960 Speaker 1: had armies defending them. But these early warning networks had 703 00:46:16,320 --> 00:46:20,160 Speaker 1: while they had anti submarine equipment and armament, the main 704 00:46:20,200 --> 00:46:23,359 Speaker 1: thing they we're looking out for was a way too, 705 00:46:25,120 --> 00:46:29,160 Speaker 1: no as soon as possible if a missile had been launched, 706 00:46:29,200 --> 00:46:32,720 Speaker 1: because the biggest significance of the Arctic for both sides 707 00:46:32,760 --> 00:46:36,279 Speaker 1: of the Cold War was this. It is it was 708 00:46:36,320 --> 00:46:38,919 Speaker 1: the shortest shipping route for boats, right if you could 709 00:46:38,920 --> 00:46:42,600 Speaker 1: get rid of the ice. But it's the shortest flight 710 00:46:42,640 --> 00:46:47,560 Speaker 1: path for an ICBM or intercontinental ballistic missile and other 711 00:46:47,719 --> 00:46:52,399 Speaker 1: nuclear missiles. So if if a missile is fired from 712 00:46:52,480 --> 00:46:55,239 Speaker 1: Russia to the US, that's how it's going to get 713 00:46:55,280 --> 00:46:57,040 Speaker 1: that's the shortest way for it to get there, or 714 00:46:57,080 --> 00:47:00,440 Speaker 1: from Alaska or the Russian Federation, or from a Alaska 715 00:47:00,520 --> 00:47:04,120 Speaker 1: to the Russians, yeah, or from any submarine that's hanging 716 00:47:04,120 --> 00:47:08,040 Speaker 1: out in the Arctic Ocean. Right. So in recent years 717 00:47:08,120 --> 00:47:12,279 Speaker 1: the increase uh in temperature across the Arctic has diminished 718 00:47:12,320 --> 00:47:16,560 Speaker 1: that polar ice cap. As you said, Bet, the northeast 719 00:47:16,600 --> 00:47:21,440 Speaker 1: passage right now in Russia's Arctic seas can can be 720 00:47:21,560 --> 00:47:24,080 Speaker 1: used for two or three months of the year and 721 00:47:24,200 --> 00:47:28,000 Speaker 1: even longer if you have an icebreaker like China does, 722 00:47:28,400 --> 00:47:31,879 Speaker 1: like Russia does. Canada's Northwest passage is not near as 723 00:47:31,920 --> 00:47:36,000 Speaker 1: posh shallow, it's prone to getting clogged by ice, but 724 00:47:36,120 --> 00:47:39,759 Speaker 1: it too has seen some more commercial traffic because there's 725 00:47:39,800 --> 00:47:43,720 Speaker 1: less and less ice around. And now the Arctic Ocean, 726 00:47:43,800 --> 00:47:49,480 Speaker 1: because of this warming, is emerging as the next place 727 00:47:49,840 --> 00:47:53,920 Speaker 1: where people were, well, I say people where the Russian 728 00:47:53,960 --> 00:47:56,680 Speaker 1: government and the US government are going to butt heads. 729 00:47:56,960 --> 00:48:01,280 Speaker 1: It is preposterous that this is not a bigger deal 730 00:48:01,520 --> 00:48:05,719 Speaker 1: right now. Because Russia controls the board. That's what makes 731 00:48:05,719 --> 00:48:09,919 Speaker 1: it different. Russia is way more qualified and way more 732 00:48:10,000 --> 00:48:13,239 Speaker 1: competent for any kind of when in regards to any 733 00:48:13,320 --> 00:48:17,480 Speaker 1: kind of conflict here in this area of the world. Well, yeah, 734 00:48:17,480 --> 00:48:20,239 Speaker 1: if you look at the you just think about the 735 00:48:20,320 --> 00:48:23,080 Speaker 1: naval fleets of the US, and then you think about 736 00:48:23,160 --> 00:48:27,359 Speaker 1: the the land area of Alaska, which is the only 737 00:48:27,440 --> 00:48:30,600 Speaker 1: US controlled territory up there. If you just look at 738 00:48:30,600 --> 00:48:33,720 Speaker 1: a picture of the Arctic Circle and think about that alone, 739 00:48:34,040 --> 00:48:37,879 Speaker 1: then think about just the history of of operating up there, 740 00:48:38,440 --> 00:48:40,279 Speaker 1: and then all of the naval you know, a lot 741 00:48:40,320 --> 00:48:42,880 Speaker 1: of the Pacific fleets, the you know, the different fleets 742 00:48:42,880 --> 00:48:45,239 Speaker 1: of the US has it's just a whole different game, 743 00:48:45,320 --> 00:48:48,239 Speaker 1: and Russia has been doing it for a while. Yes, yeah, 744 00:48:48,280 --> 00:48:51,080 Speaker 1: that's a good way to put it. According to Andrew Holland, 745 00:48:51,120 --> 00:48:56,160 Speaker 1: who is CEO of the American Security Project, the Arctic 746 00:48:56,320 --> 00:48:58,920 Speaker 1: is the only theater of operations where the U. S. 747 00:48:59,040 --> 00:49:02,760 Speaker 1: Navy is out house by a pure competitor. Russian surface 748 00:49:02,800 --> 00:49:06,840 Speaker 1: warships have demonstrated the ability to carry out complex combined 749 00:49:06,920 --> 00:49:10,520 Speaker 1: operations in the high North, while the American Navy maintains 750 00:49:10,520 --> 00:49:13,960 Speaker 1: a policy that only submarines operate above the bearing straight. 751 00:49:14,320 --> 00:49:21,160 Speaker 1: There you go, complex combined operations. Oh hollydood, you're listening, 752 00:49:21,239 --> 00:49:24,120 Speaker 1: No offense, I just like that voice. So yeah. Since 753 00:49:24,160 --> 00:49:27,520 Speaker 1: two thousand and eight, Russia's Arctic development has been at 754 00:49:27,600 --> 00:49:32,160 Speaker 1: least according to the Pentagon assertive force posture, with constant 755 00:49:32,200 --> 00:49:38,880 Speaker 1: military drilling and quote provocative air maneuvering. So Russia has 756 00:49:39,200 --> 00:49:43,960 Speaker 1: four different fleets Baltic, Pacific, Black Sea, and Arctic. The 757 00:49:44,040 --> 00:49:48,800 Speaker 1: Arctic Fleet or Northern Fleet, has eighty ships. Thirty five 758 00:49:48,880 --> 00:49:52,520 Speaker 1: of those are submarines and others are surface ships led 759 00:49:52,560 --> 00:49:56,680 Speaker 1: by a battle cruiser. But over the last decade it's 760 00:49:56,719 --> 00:50:01,320 Speaker 1: been increasingly expanded. It's been improved star in two thousand twelve. 761 00:50:01,440 --> 00:50:04,960 Speaker 1: It's regularly patrolled a two thousand mile stretch of the 762 00:50:05,000 --> 00:50:09,680 Speaker 1: Northern Sea. And more importantly, Russia operates a fleet of 763 00:50:09,800 --> 00:50:14,960 Speaker 1: forty icebreakers. At forty more icebreakers than the rest of 764 00:50:15,000 --> 00:50:20,520 Speaker 1: the world icebreaker fleet combined. Sounds familiar to the US 765 00:50:20,600 --> 00:50:23,879 Speaker 1: when you just think about defense spending and that kind 766 00:50:23,880 --> 00:50:28,279 Speaker 1: of thing, and yeah, exactly, but then well, we do 767 00:50:28,360 --> 00:50:33,919 Speaker 1: have icebreakers. We have three. Uncle Sam has three icebreakers, uh, 768 00:50:33,960 --> 00:50:37,319 Speaker 1: and they need a lot of help in turn, like 769 00:50:37,360 --> 00:50:41,160 Speaker 1: the icebreakers themselves. So if a war breaks out, if 770 00:50:41,200 --> 00:50:44,040 Speaker 1: a physical or hot boar does break out over disputes 771 00:50:44,080 --> 00:50:47,840 Speaker 1: in the Arctic, it will almost certainly become a global conflict. 772 00:50:48,120 --> 00:50:51,280 Speaker 1: NATO will be involved, The dominoes will start to fall, 773 00:50:51,560 --> 00:50:54,479 Speaker 1: as the US alone would be out classed, right, and 774 00:50:54,520 --> 00:50:58,120 Speaker 1: then we would see other countries who are aware of this, 775 00:50:58,280 --> 00:51:04,000 Speaker 1: hungry for the opportunity, would also insert themselves in some way, 776 00:51:04,160 --> 00:51:11,839 Speaker 1: because chaos is a chaos is fertile soil for opportunity, 777 00:51:12,000 --> 00:51:16,360 Speaker 1: you know what I mean. Military planners envision rivalry and 778 00:51:16,480 --> 00:51:20,680 Speaker 1: perhaps conflict between NATO powers, the US and Russia, But 779 00:51:21,080 --> 00:51:24,440 Speaker 1: eventually they say China will get in the game because 780 00:51:24,880 --> 00:51:30,799 Speaker 1: that country is very, very sensitive to resource acquisition and 781 00:51:31,080 --> 00:51:36,560 Speaker 1: can detect minerals from miles and decades away. Yeah, they 782 00:51:36,640 --> 00:51:39,120 Speaker 1: know where it is, they know it exists, and they're 783 00:51:39,120 --> 00:51:41,520 Speaker 1: gonna find a way to be a part of it. Right, 784 00:51:41,640 --> 00:51:44,600 Speaker 1: that's the idea, right, And the same sort of stuff 785 00:51:44,680 --> 00:51:49,440 Speaker 1: is happening in Antarctica. If current economic projections hold true, 786 00:51:49,800 --> 00:51:53,040 Speaker 1: there are going to be some very dangerous times ahead, 787 00:51:53,800 --> 00:51:58,279 Speaker 1: especially for the average person. Right, They're going to be 788 00:51:58,360 --> 00:52:02,080 Speaker 1: global bus of a of these bubbles will pop and 789 00:52:02,320 --> 00:52:05,960 Speaker 1: if that happens, that's going to make different different countries 790 00:52:06,040 --> 00:52:11,200 Speaker 1: increasingly desperate to obtain control and serenity over these things. 791 00:52:11,360 --> 00:52:14,960 Speaker 1: And that means that economic disaster could accelerate this timeline. 792 00:52:15,360 --> 00:52:19,560 Speaker 1: Climate change is already accelerating, sure, changing temperatures whatever you 793 00:52:19,560 --> 00:52:23,759 Speaker 1: want to call them, are already accelerating it. But the 794 00:52:23,840 --> 00:52:29,480 Speaker 1: economic stuff could be even more powerful on this timeline 795 00:52:29,640 --> 00:52:32,280 Speaker 1: because what was that number, A dred and twenty dollars barrel? 796 00:52:32,440 --> 00:52:35,680 Speaker 1: Is that when it becomes something like that, Okay, so 797 00:52:35,800 --> 00:52:38,160 Speaker 1: what if it just spikes and one day, one day 798 00:52:38,280 --> 00:52:44,279 Speaker 1: it's uh barrel, then everybody's gonna be trying to get 799 00:52:44,280 --> 00:52:47,000 Speaker 1: it and the drilling starts tomorrow. Yeah, that's what happens, 800 00:52:47,320 --> 00:52:50,480 Speaker 1: you know. Wow. Okay, so that's where we are right 801 00:52:50,520 --> 00:52:53,040 Speaker 1: now with this. Um. You know, one thing I was 802 00:52:53,080 --> 00:52:57,279 Speaker 1: wondering about as we were researching this was Denmark and 803 00:52:57,400 --> 00:53:00,399 Speaker 1: Greenland because if you look at a map, you see 804 00:53:00,440 --> 00:53:03,520 Speaker 1: how large Greenland is and how much ice covers that 805 00:53:03,520 --> 00:53:07,880 Speaker 1: that uh piece of land, and there are resources there, 806 00:53:07,920 --> 00:53:10,759 Speaker 1: a lot of resources. If that also melts, it makes 807 00:53:10,760 --> 00:53:14,800 Speaker 1: me wonder if someone eventually one of these superpowers eventually 808 00:53:14,960 --> 00:53:22,319 Speaker 1: invades Denmark's control at least over Greenland. UM, something like that, 809 00:53:22,360 --> 00:53:25,480 Speaker 1: because you know, and we've we only barely touched Antarctica 810 00:53:25,520 --> 00:53:27,680 Speaker 1: in this episode because we've talked about it so many 811 00:53:27,680 --> 00:53:30,040 Speaker 1: times before. But as Ben said right at the end, there, 812 00:53:30,440 --> 00:53:33,000 Speaker 1: it's it's the same thing. That's a huge continent, and 813 00:53:33,000 --> 00:53:35,279 Speaker 1: if some of that ice is melting, no matter how 814 00:53:35,360 --> 00:53:38,799 Speaker 1: high the water is rising, Um, we're gonna be trying 815 00:53:38,800 --> 00:53:41,799 Speaker 1: to get over there and discover things and find more 816 00:53:41,840 --> 00:53:46,640 Speaker 1: resources because they're there. We be not just Uncle Sam 817 00:53:46,760 --> 00:53:50,080 Speaker 1: or not just as humans. Yeah, we also beating you, 818 00:53:50,320 --> 00:53:52,160 Speaker 1: you and me. Oh yeah, we're gonna be down there 819 00:53:52,200 --> 00:53:55,200 Speaker 1: trying to get as much titanium to make more flags 820 00:53:55,239 --> 00:53:59,920 Speaker 1: as we possibly can. Whether you are a president, a peasant, 821 00:54:00,800 --> 00:54:04,360 Speaker 1: a prime minister, or a pioneer, one thing is for sure. 822 00:54:04,920 --> 00:54:08,120 Speaker 1: Everyone is waiting for the day that the ice smelts 823 00:54:09,200 --> 00:54:12,080 Speaker 1: and doesn't come back in winter, which is which is 824 00:54:12,120 --> 00:54:15,680 Speaker 1: a scary thing. The the they and the stuff they 825 00:54:15,680 --> 00:54:18,960 Speaker 1: don't want you to know for today's episode is multidimensional. 826 00:54:19,080 --> 00:54:23,560 Speaker 1: I mean, there there were companies that don't want you 827 00:54:23,640 --> 00:54:26,880 Speaker 1: to know the ongoing negotiations they're having with their own governments. 828 00:54:27,360 --> 00:54:30,560 Speaker 1: There are military contractors who don't want you to know 829 00:54:30,640 --> 00:54:35,000 Speaker 1: the kind of stuff they're building. Uh, And there are 830 00:54:35,040 --> 00:54:38,200 Speaker 1: of course governments who don't want you to know what 831 00:54:38,280 --> 00:54:42,160 Speaker 1: they're planning, especially if you work for another government. It 832 00:54:42,160 --> 00:54:45,239 Speaker 1: always reminds me of that story or that that old proverb. 833 00:54:45,400 --> 00:54:48,560 Speaker 1: You know, when elephants make war, only the grass suffers. 834 00:54:49,360 --> 00:54:53,759 Speaker 1: The majority of humanity. Is the grass here just getting trampled, 835 00:54:53,920 --> 00:54:57,560 Speaker 1: just getting trampled? Quite possibly, or who knows, maybe maybe 836 00:54:57,560 --> 00:55:01,799 Speaker 1: our species will say what's the best way to um 837 00:55:02,080 --> 00:55:05,080 Speaker 1: what what's the best way to normalize this and create 838 00:55:05,120 --> 00:55:08,560 Speaker 1: a situation where there's not a global catastrophe, And that's 839 00:55:08,640 --> 00:55:13,719 Speaker 1: that's quite possible. I mean, no one really wants a 840 00:55:13,880 --> 00:55:18,000 Speaker 1: third World war. You want to manage conflicts and ways 841 00:55:18,040 --> 00:55:21,840 Speaker 1: to assertively negotiate their their way to the biggest slice 842 00:55:21,880 --> 00:55:26,040 Speaker 1: of the pie, whatever the pies ingredients are, and sometimes 843 00:55:26,160 --> 00:55:30,520 Speaker 1: you fight, you see what happens, and increasingly hydrocarbons in 844 00:55:30,520 --> 00:55:36,000 Speaker 1: that pie are not as lucrative or interesting. Yeah, at present, 845 00:55:36,239 --> 00:55:39,080 Speaker 1: you know in the moment, in the moment, and that 846 00:55:39,120 --> 00:55:42,120 Speaker 1: goes into whether or not technology is being suppressed, and 847 00:55:42,320 --> 00:55:45,680 Speaker 1: that goes into um whether or not we're getting real 848 00:55:45,800 --> 00:55:49,879 Speaker 1: numbers about the petrol industry in general. But those are 849 00:55:50,200 --> 00:55:53,440 Speaker 1: stories for another day. If we wanted to end on 850 00:55:53,800 --> 00:55:57,960 Speaker 1: a less dystopian scary note, we can tell you that 851 00:55:58,080 --> 00:56:02,359 Speaker 1: you can travel as a private citizen to Antarctica. From 852 00:56:02,400 --> 00:56:06,120 Speaker 1: an environmental perspective, it's a fascinating place to visit, or 853 00:56:06,160 --> 00:56:09,319 Speaker 1: so we hear. You do get price breaks if you 854 00:56:09,360 --> 00:56:12,120 Speaker 1: travel in the group. Would highly recommend that because it's 855 00:56:12,160 --> 00:56:15,640 Speaker 1: quite expensive and it's something you would have to save 856 00:56:15,760 --> 00:56:18,839 Speaker 1: up for, but hey, it's a that's a cool goal 857 00:56:18,920 --> 00:56:22,160 Speaker 1: if you can achieve it once in a lifetime experience. Yeah, 858 00:56:22,200 --> 00:56:24,640 Speaker 1: if you don't feel like saving up the money, but 859 00:56:24,840 --> 00:56:28,239 Speaker 1: you feel like spending a lot of time there. It 860 00:56:28,400 --> 00:56:32,720 Speaker 1: is remarkably I don't want to say it's too easy, 861 00:56:32,800 --> 00:56:36,040 Speaker 1: but it's remarkably less difficult than I thought. To get 862 00:56:36,120 --> 00:56:38,800 Speaker 1: hired as a you know, like a cook or support 863 00:56:38,880 --> 00:56:42,560 Speaker 1: staff in a research station. Do it and then write 864 00:56:42,560 --> 00:56:44,600 Speaker 1: to us like every day, make a make a diary, 865 00:56:44,680 --> 00:56:47,719 Speaker 1: tell us who you think the hidden alien is? Or 866 00:56:47,760 --> 00:56:49,279 Speaker 1: do you want to start a podcast to go on 867 00:56:49,320 --> 00:56:51,960 Speaker 1: that journey? And then we'll just well start a new 868 00:56:51,960 --> 00:56:56,279 Speaker 1: podcast with speaking people going on that journey. One last 869 00:56:56,280 --> 00:57:01,080 Speaker 1: thing for you close today's episode. Uh, flat earthers are 870 00:57:01,120 --> 00:57:03,080 Speaker 1: launching your trip to and alretic a matte. Did you 871 00:57:03,120 --> 00:57:06,880 Speaker 1: see that? Yes, they are going to figure out once 872 00:57:06,920 --> 00:57:10,920 Speaker 1: and for all whether or not this Earth is flat 873 00:57:10,920 --> 00:57:12,520 Speaker 1: and whether or not you can reach the end of 874 00:57:12,560 --> 00:57:15,440 Speaker 1: the Earth. And they're gonna go down there to find 875 00:57:16,320 --> 00:57:19,760 Speaker 1: essentially the Game of Thrones wall basically, but if on 876 00:57:19,800 --> 00:57:22,480 Speaker 1: the other side of the wall there was nothing just 877 00:57:22,800 --> 00:57:26,320 Speaker 1: space essentially, right, it's the ice wall. It's supposed to 878 00:57:26,520 --> 00:57:30,800 Speaker 1: uh supposed to be several thousand feet thick, and it 879 00:57:30,840 --> 00:57:33,640 Speaker 1: goes a hundred and sixty four ft high perhaps, and 880 00:57:33,640 --> 00:57:36,840 Speaker 1: it's this thing that rings the entire planet. And there's 881 00:57:36,840 --> 00:57:38,720 Speaker 1: a group of people who are going to be there soon. 882 00:57:38,800 --> 00:57:42,760 Speaker 1: They're they're taking off soon allegedly right. The suppoosed ice 883 00:57:42,760 --> 00:57:45,800 Speaker 1: Wall is a couple of thousand feet thick und sixty 884 00:57:45,840 --> 00:57:49,680 Speaker 1: four ft high and surrounds the planet. This is planned 885 00:57:49,760 --> 00:57:54,439 Speaker 1: for next year for it's organized by the Flat Earth 886 00:57:54,520 --> 00:57:59,040 Speaker 1: International Conference or f e i C. And just so 887 00:57:59,160 --> 00:58:01,840 Speaker 1: you know, core into this article from the Sun, which 888 00:58:01,920 --> 00:58:05,280 Speaker 1: is uh oh excuse me, Yes, he's an original article 889 00:58:05,800 --> 00:58:08,880 Speaker 1: posted by the Sun that was in the New York Post. Uh. 890 00:58:09,120 --> 00:58:13,280 Speaker 1: YouTube star logan Paul, the guy that everybody just loves. 891 00:58:13,360 --> 00:58:16,240 Speaker 1: He says he wants to find the facts and also 892 00:58:16,400 --> 00:58:22,200 Speaker 1: join them, so yeehaw eh. And maybe maybe our boy 893 00:58:22,280 --> 00:58:26,320 Speaker 1: is gonna be there. Who's our boy, uh rapper that 894 00:58:26,360 --> 00:58:29,919 Speaker 1: we talked about. What's his name? Bob? Oh? Yeah, yeah, 895 00:58:29,960 --> 00:58:33,000 Speaker 1: maybe he'll be there as well, yes, uh And maybe 896 00:58:33,080 --> 00:58:35,160 Speaker 1: you will be there if you're listening. If so, we'd 897 00:58:35,160 --> 00:58:38,200 Speaker 1: love to hear about your adventures. We hope that you 898 00:58:38,320 --> 00:58:41,520 Speaker 1: enjoyed this episode, and if you live in the northern climes, 899 00:58:41,560 --> 00:58:46,160 Speaker 1: we'd love to hear more about your experiences. Do you 900 00:58:46,440 --> 00:58:49,840 Speaker 1: feel like this is alarmist? Do how how quick do 901 00:58:49,880 --> 00:58:53,160 Speaker 1: you feel the ice is or is not melting, and 902 00:58:53,200 --> 00:58:56,120 Speaker 1: how do you see things changing in a world without 903 00:58:56,240 --> 00:58:59,880 Speaker 1: northern ice? Let us know. You can find us on Instagram, Facebook, 904 00:58:59,880 --> 00:59:01,920 Speaker 1: and Twitter. You can talk to our favorite part of 905 00:59:01,960 --> 00:59:04,640 Speaker 1: the show, your fellow listeners on our Facebook page. Here's 906 00:59:04,640 --> 00:59:08,040 Speaker 1: where it gets crazy where conspiracy stuff show at Instagram 907 00:59:08,080 --> 00:59:10,920 Speaker 1: and you can find me at ben bullon on Instagram. 908 00:59:10,960 --> 00:59:12,520 Speaker 1: If you don't want to do that stuff, you can 909 00:59:12,600 --> 00:59:16,640 Speaker 1: leave us a voicemail call one eight three three s 910 00:59:16,720 --> 00:59:20,360 Speaker 1: T d W y t K. There's a three minute 911 00:59:20,400 --> 00:59:22,960 Speaker 1: cap there for per message, so you may have to 912 00:59:23,040 --> 00:59:25,560 Speaker 1: leave numerous ones, or you don't make it brief. Do 913 00:59:25,600 --> 00:59:27,440 Speaker 1: whatever you want to do. It might be used on 914 00:59:27,480 --> 00:59:30,800 Speaker 1: the show. Tell us explicitly if you don't want it 915 00:59:30,840 --> 00:59:33,400 Speaker 1: on the air, yes, and also be specific about your 916 00:59:33,440 --> 00:59:35,320 Speaker 1: name if you don't want certain parts of your name 917 00:59:35,400 --> 00:59:38,520 Speaker 1: used or anything like that. You and also fair warning 918 00:59:38,560 --> 00:59:40,959 Speaker 1: you might get a call from me uh to ask 919 00:59:41,000 --> 00:59:42,840 Speaker 1: you if we can use a certain part or just 920 00:59:42,880 --> 00:59:45,120 Speaker 1: to get some clarificational what we can or cannot use. 921 00:59:45,800 --> 00:59:50,080 Speaker 1: So apologies in advance. All right, If you don't want 922 00:59:50,080 --> 00:59:51,840 Speaker 1: to do any of that stuff, just send us a 923 00:59:51,880 --> 00:59:55,840 Speaker 1: good old fashioned email. We are conspiracy at how stuff 924 00:59:55,840 --> 01:00:05,480 Speaker 1: works dot com, m