1 00:00:15,356 --> 00:00:24,756 Speaker 1: Pushkin. There's no one else on Montague Place. When plumber, 2 00:00:24,796 --> 00:00:28,436 Speaker 1: Herald Bachelor, and his sixteen year old assistant William Baldwin 3 00:00:28,796 --> 00:00:32,116 Speaker 1: set off for their first job of the day, the 4 00:00:32,196 --> 00:00:35,836 Speaker 1: sun has only just risen on this cold February morning. 5 00:00:36,956 --> 00:00:40,876 Speaker 1: The pair pass three brick built air raid shelters, ugly, 6 00:00:41,076 --> 00:00:44,356 Speaker 1: squat and dank that have been hastily erected amid the 7 00:00:44,396 --> 00:00:50,156 Speaker 1: neighborhood's grand Georgian townhouses. Something glinting on the ground catches 8 00:00:50,236 --> 00:00:55,756 Speaker 1: their gaze, something glassy and reflective. William reaches down to 9 00:00:55,796 --> 00:00:59,236 Speaker 1: pick it up. It's the end of a broken flashlight, 10 00:01:00,596 --> 00:01:04,516 Speaker 1: and that's when he sees her two feet protrude from 11 00:01:04,556 --> 00:01:08,676 Speaker 1: one shelter's entrance. Look at that the feet of a woman. 12 00:01:09,676 --> 00:01:18,156 Speaker 1: Harold ventures In then hurriedly goes to fetch the police inside. 13 00:01:18,796 --> 00:01:21,796 Speaker 1: The woman lies on her back, her head turned to 14 00:01:21,876 --> 00:01:27,236 Speaker 1: one side, her scarf loosely covering her face. Her clothing 15 00:01:27,316 --> 00:01:31,556 Speaker 1: and underwear have been ripped open, exposing her chest and abdomen. 16 00:01:32,436 --> 00:01:36,236 Speaker 1: Her legs are stained with blood, her face and neck 17 00:01:36,756 --> 00:01:44,156 Speaker 1: are dark with bruises. She has been strangled. Evelyn Hamilton's 18 00:01:44,196 --> 00:01:48,356 Speaker 1: gold watch stopped at one a m. But When it's 19 00:01:48,436 --> 00:01:52,516 Speaker 1: removed from the pharmacist's cold wrist, it begins to tick 20 00:01:52,676 --> 00:01:57,116 Speaker 1: once more as its hands sweep the dial. The police 21 00:01:57,156 --> 00:02:01,876 Speaker 1: set about trying to identify the presumed sexual pervert who 22 00:02:02,076 --> 00:02:06,796 Speaker 1: murdered its owner, but Evelyn Hamilton's killer is wasting no 23 00:02:06,916 --> 00:02:13,236 Speaker 1: time either, already seeking out his next victim. Tonight he 24 00:02:13,276 --> 00:02:19,396 Speaker 1: will meet an aspiring stage starlet coincidentally another Evelyn Oatly, 25 00:02:20,196 --> 00:02:23,316 Speaker 1: and he'll follow her up the stairs to her tiny 26 00:02:23,516 --> 00:02:36,196 Speaker 1: Soho apartment. This is the seldom told story of women 27 00:02:36,276 --> 00:02:39,276 Speaker 1: in World War Two who were killed not by the enemy, 28 00:02:39,756 --> 00:02:44,076 Speaker 1: but by husbands, lovers, and strangers wearing the uniform of 29 00:02:44,116 --> 00:02:45,436 Speaker 1: their own side. 30 00:02:46,076 --> 00:02:49,076 Speaker 2: It's also the tale of a particular string of murder 31 00:02:49,116 --> 00:02:53,636 Speaker 2: victims that history has swept from view. I'm Hallie Rubinholt 32 00:02:53,716 --> 00:02:57,316 Speaker 2: and I'm Alice Fines, and you're listening to bad Women 33 00:02:57,956 --> 00:03:41,196 Speaker 2: the Blackout Ripper. Exactly what brought Evelyn's mother, Rosina Magdalena Weber, 34 00:03:41,516 --> 00:03:45,636 Speaker 2: from the high mountains, dark forests, and fairy tale castles 35 00:03:45,676 --> 00:03:49,036 Speaker 2: of southern Germany to the lead mines and textile mills 36 00:03:49,036 --> 00:03:54,716 Speaker 2: of Earbye is a mystery. So is the story of 37 00:03:54,756 --> 00:03:58,036 Speaker 2: how she fell in with her volatile, even violent English 38 00:03:58,116 --> 00:04:03,196 Speaker 2: lover Walter Judd. In the nineteenth century, economic turmoil and 39 00:04:03,236 --> 00:04:07,436 Speaker 2: political persecution had seen many thousands of Germans migrate to Britain, 40 00:04:08,076 --> 00:04:11,356 Speaker 2: and they came from also social ranks, from wealthy businessmen 41 00:04:11,396 --> 00:04:16,836 Speaker 2: and bankers to the impoverished political refugee Karl Marx. Most 42 00:04:16,836 --> 00:04:21,196 Speaker 2: were economic migrants. According to one German author, Britain had 43 00:04:21,236 --> 00:04:22,636 Speaker 2: a reputation. 44 00:04:22,236 --> 00:04:25,596 Speaker 3: For abundance money lies on the street. 45 00:04:26,316 --> 00:04:29,036 Speaker 2: He said that his compatriots would arrive on British soil 46 00:04:29,116 --> 00:04:32,276 Speaker 2: with little money and little to no knowledge of English. 47 00:04:32,636 --> 00:04:35,316 Speaker 2: They'd spend a few days in a hotel before looking 48 00:04:35,356 --> 00:04:39,436 Speaker 2: for a more permanent home, and many found prosperity. German 49 00:04:39,516 --> 00:04:42,556 Speaker 2: migrants were merchants and shop owners, but they also worked 50 00:04:42,596 --> 00:04:46,116 Speaker 2: in the textile industry, tailoring, and shoemaking. They entered the 51 00:04:46,116 --> 00:04:49,996 Speaker 2: food and catering trades too, as waiters, hoteliers and butchers. 52 00:04:50,796 --> 00:04:55,116 Speaker 2: New arrivals took lowly positions in German owned enterprises, hoping 53 00:04:55,156 --> 00:04:59,556 Speaker 2: to save enough money to strike out on their own success. 54 00:04:59,676 --> 00:05:03,196 Speaker 2: Wealth and social mobility seemed easier to attain in Britain 55 00:05:03,236 --> 00:05:06,476 Speaker 2: than back home, and perhaps Rosina Weber had heard tell 56 00:05:06,556 --> 00:05:09,076 Speaker 2: of the bounty enjoyed by her fellow countrymen over st 57 00:05:10,116 --> 00:05:12,916 Speaker 2: But while she trod a well worn path of migration, 58 00:05:13,396 --> 00:05:17,716 Speaker 2: her circumstances were unusual. She appears to have moved to 59 00:05:17,716 --> 00:05:20,476 Speaker 2: Britain alone, without any of her family at her side, 60 00:05:20,916 --> 00:05:24,396 Speaker 2: an undertaking more common among German Men than women, and 61 00:05:24,476 --> 00:05:29,596 Speaker 2: one that must have taken considerable courage. Sometimes pimps placed 62 00:05:29,636 --> 00:05:33,476 Speaker 2: disingenuous job adverts in German newspapers to lure women to 63 00:05:33,516 --> 00:05:36,996 Speaker 2: Britain and ensnare them in the sex trade. Rosina may 64 00:05:37,036 --> 00:05:40,116 Speaker 2: well have noticed one such announcement and migrated in hope 65 00:05:40,116 --> 00:05:44,596 Speaker 2: of obtaining a new position, perhaps in domestic service. Equally, 66 00:05:44,796 --> 00:05:46,916 Speaker 2: she may have been encouraged by a friend or relative 67 00:05:46,956 --> 00:05:50,316 Speaker 2: who'd already emigrated, Or she may simply have stopped off 68 00:05:50,436 --> 00:05:53,156 Speaker 2: en route to the United States but ended up staying. 69 00:05:54,916 --> 00:05:59,236 Speaker 1: While London attracted many immigrats, German communities thrived in other 70 00:05:59,356 --> 00:06:03,796 Speaker 1: cities too. Bradford, a center of textile production in the north, 71 00:06:04,156 --> 00:06:08,556 Speaker 1: boasted a Little Germany district with chapels, warehouses, and factories 72 00:06:08,876 --> 00:06:13,076 Speaker 1: built with the wealth generated by the newcomers. Maybe Rocina 73 00:06:13,116 --> 00:06:16,636 Speaker 1: stopped off in Little Germany for somehow she met Walter Judd, 74 00:06:17,036 --> 00:06:19,956 Speaker 1: the son of a shop owner from Irby, a small 75 00:06:20,036 --> 00:06:24,076 Speaker 1: rural parish nestled amid the rolling hills and windswept moors 76 00:06:24,196 --> 00:06:28,396 Speaker 1: northwest of Bradford. When the couple married in nineteen oh five, 77 00:06:28,836 --> 00:06:33,236 Speaker 1: Rosina was already pregnant with a son, Hermann. In April 78 00:06:33,356 --> 00:06:37,876 Speaker 1: nineteen o eight, a daughter, little Evelyn, followed. But if 79 00:06:37,956 --> 00:06:40,676 Speaker 1: Rocina had hoped for a life of domestic peace in 80 00:06:40,756 --> 00:06:46,836 Speaker 1: England's rural north, she'd be swiftly and bitterly disappointed. Walter 81 00:06:47,036 --> 00:06:52,276 Speaker 1: jumped between jobs, taking whatever work he could. It's unlikely, therefore, 82 00:06:52,596 --> 00:06:56,036 Speaker 1: that the family were ever of comfortable means. At one 83 00:06:56,036 --> 00:06:59,996 Speaker 1: point he was listed as a master greengrocer, selling vegetables 84 00:06:59,996 --> 00:07:02,876 Speaker 1: as his father had, But at another time he was 85 00:07:02,916 --> 00:07:06,356 Speaker 1: a weaver at a local mill. That is until he 86 00:07:06,476 --> 00:07:08,956 Speaker 1: left the looms of the factory floor and joined a 87 00:07:08,956 --> 00:07:12,396 Speaker 1: walk out of the wages and working conditions, with some 88 00:07:12,516 --> 00:07:16,836 Speaker 1: describing him as the ringleader of the strike action. As 89 00:07:16,876 --> 00:07:20,076 Speaker 1: the dispute rumbled on, Walter even led a throng of 90 00:07:20,116 --> 00:07:23,356 Speaker 1: at least two hundred furious weavers to the house of 91 00:07:23,396 --> 00:07:26,476 Speaker 1: a fellow worker who would knock down tools and join 92 00:07:26,556 --> 00:07:27,156 Speaker 1: their strike. 93 00:07:28,876 --> 00:07:32,956 Speaker 3: Walter Judd appeared at Skipton Police Court on Saturday, charged 94 00:07:32,996 --> 00:07:35,076 Speaker 3: with throwing a stone through the window of a man 95 00:07:35,156 --> 00:07:36,036 Speaker 3: named Tattersall. 96 00:07:36,836 --> 00:07:40,276 Speaker 1: He was convicted of the crime. Walter seems to have 97 00:07:40,316 --> 00:07:43,596 Speaker 1: been an erratic man and a rabble rouser who at 98 00:07:43,636 --> 00:07:48,076 Speaker 1: his worst was also violent. We cannot know how Razina 99 00:07:48,116 --> 00:07:51,516 Speaker 1: responded to her husband's involvement in these clashes, but the 100 00:07:51,596 --> 00:07:54,876 Speaker 1: heavy fine levied on him as punishment would surely have 101 00:07:54,996 --> 00:07:59,316 Speaker 1: been difficult for the young family to bear. More trouble 102 00:07:59,396 --> 00:08:02,476 Speaker 1: followed in nineteen oh nine, when Evelyn was just a 103 00:08:02,596 --> 00:08:06,396 Speaker 1: year old. Her father again attracted the attention of the courts. 104 00:08:08,436 --> 00:08:11,036 Speaker 2: Walter was out of work and had been drinking for 105 00:08:11,156 --> 00:08:13,996 Speaker 2: several days straight when he entered a local inn and 106 00:08:14,116 --> 00:08:15,396 Speaker 2: demanded more beer. 107 00:08:16,076 --> 00:08:20,076 Speaker 3: Get me a stout. I'm on now, Walter, you had enough. 108 00:08:20,836 --> 00:08:24,556 Speaker 2: Discovering that the landlord's wife was alone, he surprised her 109 00:08:24,596 --> 00:08:28,316 Speaker 2: by unsheathing a number of sharp knives and spreading them 110 00:08:28,316 --> 00:08:29,076 Speaker 2: across a table. 111 00:08:29,796 --> 00:08:33,676 Speaker 3: You will look well if I cut your throat for you. 112 00:08:33,876 --> 00:08:37,676 Speaker 2: He was said to have growled. One newspaper reported that 113 00:08:37,756 --> 00:08:41,596 Speaker 2: he followed the frightened landlady into a back room, uttering 114 00:08:41,716 --> 00:08:46,636 Speaker 2: abusive and violent language. Only the arrival of a local butcher, 115 00:08:47,076 --> 00:08:52,836 Speaker 2: perhaps with cleaver in hand, convinced Walter to leave. In court, 116 00:08:53,036 --> 00:08:56,436 Speaker 2: Walter claimed he was so drunk he hardly knew what 117 00:08:56,556 --> 00:08:59,596 Speaker 2: he was doing, and offered a humble apology for his 118 00:08:59,676 --> 00:09:04,116 Speaker 2: sinister and threatening behavior. But a criminal record with eight 119 00:09:04,236 --> 00:09:08,276 Speaker 2: previous convictions raises questions about what home life would have 120 00:09:08,276 --> 00:09:12,156 Speaker 2: been like for Rosie and the children. Walter certainly abused 121 00:09:12,196 --> 00:09:15,796 Speaker 2: alcohol regularly. Was he temperamental and violent at home too? 122 00:09:16,956 --> 00:09:20,876 Speaker 2: Another court case, this time brought by Rosina herself, answers 123 00:09:20,956 --> 00:09:24,316 Speaker 2: some of those questions. It paints a portrait of abject 124 00:09:24,396 --> 00:09:28,436 Speaker 2: domestic misery. In the summer of nineteen ten, Walter had 125 00:09:28,476 --> 00:09:32,556 Speaker 2: been released from another local jail, and, between bouts of drinking, 126 00:09:32,636 --> 00:09:36,036 Speaker 2: had found work as a laborer. One morning, he slipped 127 00:09:36,076 --> 00:09:40,156 Speaker 2: out of the family home and did not return. According 128 00:09:40,156 --> 00:09:43,596 Speaker 2: to Rosina, to finance this adventure, he'd sold a truck 129 00:09:43,676 --> 00:09:44,596 Speaker 2: that didn't belong to. 130 00:09:44,636 --> 00:09:46,916 Speaker 3: Him and took his hook with the money. 131 00:09:47,396 --> 00:09:50,276 Speaker 2: With the family breadwinner gone and desperate for an income, 132 00:09:50,756 --> 00:09:53,476 Speaker 2: Rosina said she had to sell their home simply to 133 00:09:53,516 --> 00:09:55,876 Speaker 2: be able to feed four year old Herman and two 134 00:09:55,956 --> 00:10:00,676 Speaker 2: year old Evelyn. When Walter resurfaced five weeks later, he 135 00:10:00,716 --> 00:10:02,796 Speaker 2: asked his wife to bring their children and move back 136 00:10:02,796 --> 00:10:07,076 Speaker 2: in with him, but Rosina refused. He had no home 137 00:10:07,156 --> 00:10:10,396 Speaker 2: to take them to, and besides, she had a different plan. 138 00:10:11,036 --> 00:10:13,396 Speaker 2: She would send her children to live with foster parents 139 00:10:13,636 --> 00:10:16,396 Speaker 2: and go into domestic service to earn her own living. 140 00:10:17,156 --> 00:10:20,916 Speaker 2: The prospect of parting from her tiny children was no 141 00:10:20,996 --> 00:10:26,156 Speaker 2: doubt heartbreaking, but Rosina was adamant. There was no other way. 142 00:10:26,956 --> 00:10:29,276 Speaker 2: She was willing to work night and day, she said, 143 00:10:29,836 --> 00:10:32,596 Speaker 2: but she could not tolerate Walter any longer. 144 00:10:33,916 --> 00:10:37,236 Speaker 1: Life with my husband is not worth living. 145 00:10:38,716 --> 00:10:41,556 Speaker 2: Walter did not attend the court hearing to answer the 146 00:10:41,636 --> 00:10:44,636 Speaker 2: charge of desertion, and the magistrates made an order of 147 00:10:44,716 --> 00:10:49,156 Speaker 2: judicial separation. The couple remained married, but Rosina was to 148 00:10:49,196 --> 00:10:52,156 Speaker 2: have custody of the children, and Walter would pay seven 149 00:10:52,196 --> 00:10:56,556 Speaker 2: shillings per week towards their maintenance. Better than nothing, perhaps, 150 00:10:56,636 --> 00:11:00,276 Speaker 2: but still a pittance on which survival would be a struggle. 151 00:11:01,476 --> 00:11:04,916 Speaker 2: When the household census was taken the following year, Walter 152 00:11:05,036 --> 00:11:07,476 Speaker 2: and Rosina were still living apart. 153 00:11:08,076 --> 00:11:11,476 Speaker 1: Rosina, it seems, had been compelled by her circumstances to 154 00:11:11,556 --> 00:11:15,076 Speaker 1: go through with her plan surrendering Evelyn and Herman to 155 00:11:15,196 --> 00:11:19,676 Speaker 1: foster parents. This arrangement was probably organized through the local 156 00:11:19,716 --> 00:11:23,076 Speaker 1: boarding out committee. The foster couple, who lived in the 157 00:11:23,116 --> 00:11:26,316 Speaker 1: nearby town of Keighley, would have received a weekly payment 158 00:11:26,396 --> 00:11:29,676 Speaker 1: to cover the children's basic needs. They would have pledged 159 00:11:29,716 --> 00:11:33,596 Speaker 1: to provide Evelyn and herman with proper food, lodging, and washing, 160 00:11:33,916 --> 00:11:37,436 Speaker 1: and to endeavor to train them in the habits of truthfulness, obedience, 161 00:11:37,636 --> 00:11:41,116 Speaker 1: personal cleanliness, and industry, as well as to take care 162 00:11:41,156 --> 00:11:45,036 Speaker 1: that they attended school. Members of the boarding out committee 163 00:11:45,276 --> 00:11:47,836 Speaker 1: might come and inspect the foster home at any time. 164 00:11:48,716 --> 00:11:51,516 Speaker 1: Proponents of boarding out touted it as a system by 165 00:11:51,556 --> 00:11:56,356 Speaker 1: which children born in unfortunate circumstances could form ties among 166 00:11:56,436 --> 00:12:01,236 Speaker 1: persons of their own class and become self reliant, independent citizens. 167 00:12:01,956 --> 00:12:05,676 Speaker 1: Even so, this transition to a new home must have 168 00:12:05,716 --> 00:12:10,476 Speaker 1: been painfully disorientating for young Evelyn. Rosina stayed close to 169 00:12:10,516 --> 00:12:13,676 Speaker 1: her offspring, taking a job as a general servant just 170 00:12:13,716 --> 00:12:16,956 Speaker 1: a few streets away, scrubbing and cooking in the home 171 00:12:16,996 --> 00:12:19,636 Speaker 1: of a German butcher. She would have lived with the 172 00:12:19,676 --> 00:12:23,716 Speaker 1: family above their shop, and this shop stood alone a 173 00:12:23,836 --> 00:12:27,516 Speaker 1: German island in an area said to be thickly populated 174 00:12:27,596 --> 00:12:31,556 Speaker 1: with Irish men and women. But in this community, Rosina 175 00:12:31,556 --> 00:12:34,836 Speaker 1: and her children had still not found safe harbor, and 176 00:12:34,876 --> 00:12:38,476 Speaker 1: they would soon be exposed to yet more peril and 177 00:12:38,596 --> 00:12:47,276 Speaker 1: yet more violence. Bad women. The blackout Ripper will be 178 00:12:47,316 --> 00:12:48,436 Speaker 1: back in just a moment. 179 00:13:02,836 --> 00:13:07,396 Speaker 2: Rosina's new employer, the butcher Karl Andrassy, had previously been 180 00:13:07,396 --> 00:13:11,236 Speaker 2: in trouble with the authorities for putting diseased offal into 181 00:13:11,276 --> 00:13:15,956 Speaker 2: his meeples a tubercular cowslung, to be precise, and they'd 182 00:13:16,036 --> 00:13:17,716 Speaker 2: find him for his malpractice. 183 00:13:17,876 --> 00:13:20,876 Speaker 3: The court finds the defendant guilty. He must pay a 184 00:13:20,916 --> 00:13:22,796 Speaker 3: fine of three pounds and costs. 185 00:13:23,036 --> 00:13:25,716 Speaker 2: He'd been in court again for letting a weight for 186 00:13:25,756 --> 00:13:29,756 Speaker 2: the shop scales become chipped and worn, thus short changing 187 00:13:29,796 --> 00:13:33,956 Speaker 2: his customers. Both of these matters were considered trivial, but 188 00:13:34,196 --> 00:13:38,796 Speaker 2: suspicions about Andrasi and his business practices festered in the neighborhood, 189 00:13:39,276 --> 00:13:43,236 Speaker 2: fueled by prejudice, xenophobia, and war, all of which would 190 00:13:43,276 --> 00:13:49,956 Speaker 2: soon flare into an explosion of hatred. Germanophobia was noticeably increasing. 191 00:13:50,596 --> 00:13:54,076 Speaker 2: There was a general and persistent undercurrent of anti immigrant 192 00:13:54,156 --> 00:13:58,636 Speaker 2: sentiment among locals, but now a particular dislike of Germany 193 00:13:58,716 --> 00:14:01,916 Speaker 2: was on the rise. Germany was a nation growing in 194 00:14:01,996 --> 00:14:06,596 Speaker 2: confidence and global clout, a nation challenging the interests and 195 00:14:06,676 --> 00:14:10,636 Speaker 2: dominance of Britain. In the maa of the British German 196 00:14:10,676 --> 00:14:15,356 Speaker 2: migrants were associated with one industry, in particular, twelve hundred 197 00:14:15,436 --> 00:14:18,716 Speaker 2: German butchers sold to the public. Because food can be 198 00:14:18,756 --> 00:14:23,116 Speaker 2: a potent symbol of national identity, Germanophobia focused itself on 199 00:14:23,196 --> 00:14:25,916 Speaker 2: these butchers and the quality of their wares. 200 00:14:27,076 --> 00:14:27,716 Speaker 3: Consumption. 201 00:14:27,836 --> 00:14:31,676 Speaker 2: It was hissed that German meats were putrid and gangrenous. 202 00:14:32,476 --> 00:14:36,316 Speaker 2: Scandalized newspapers had long fermented this alarm. 203 00:14:36,316 --> 00:14:40,236 Speaker 3: The intellect of Man's staggers before the problem of what 204 00:14:40,516 --> 00:14:45,996 Speaker 3: a German sausage may of tea. 205 00:14:46,316 --> 00:14:49,596 Speaker 2: Germanophobia reached fever pitch at the outbreak of the First 206 00:14:49,596 --> 00:14:54,036 Speaker 2: World War in nineteen fourteen. That summer, the press proposed 207 00:14:54,076 --> 00:14:57,916 Speaker 2: a conspiracy theory ordinary Germans in Britain were in fact 208 00:14:58,116 --> 00:15:02,516 Speaker 2: spies reporting secrets back to the Fatherland. And then came 209 00:15:02,676 --> 00:15:06,316 Speaker 2: lurid reports from the fighting in Belgium that invading German 210 00:15:06,356 --> 00:15:12,076 Speaker 2: troops had committed unspeakable atrocities there, raping young girls, mutilating children, 211 00:15:12,596 --> 00:15:13,796 Speaker 2: and shooting nuns. 212 00:15:17,596 --> 00:15:20,996 Speaker 1: Accounts of how the trouble began vary. Some said the 213 00:15:21,036 --> 00:15:23,716 Speaker 1: attitude of the Andrasis, since the outbreak of the war, 214 00:15:23,796 --> 00:15:28,116 Speaker 1: had annoyed the neighborhood. The butcher had seemed to celebrate 215 00:15:28,196 --> 00:15:32,316 Speaker 1: German victories against British troops, supposedly dancing and laughing in 216 00:15:32,396 --> 00:15:37,276 Speaker 1: front of his customers. Finally, an irishman, Kelly, entered the 217 00:15:37,316 --> 00:15:39,316 Speaker 1: shop at the head of a crowd and asked for 218 00:15:39,356 --> 00:15:43,356 Speaker 1: a pound of German sausage, laying the emphasis on the German. 219 00:15:44,156 --> 00:15:47,836 Speaker 1: Others claimed that he had requested a poi without any 220 00:15:47,876 --> 00:15:52,476 Speaker 1: poison in it. Andrasi reportedly responded to this insult by 221 00:15:52,596 --> 00:15:56,876 Speaker 1: cursing and then striking Kelly on the nose. Some said 222 00:15:56,916 --> 00:15:58,156 Speaker 1: they heard Kelly yell. 223 00:15:58,196 --> 00:16:01,156 Speaker 2: Come on, lads, that's due to the Germans what they 224 00:16:01,196 --> 00:16:02,396 Speaker 2: are doing to the Belgians. 225 00:16:05,836 --> 00:16:08,676 Speaker 1: The randsetting of the shop that ensued was said to 226 00:16:08,716 --> 00:16:14,916 Speaker 1: be of unprecedented ferocities. Huge crowds gathered outside, and scores 227 00:16:14,956 --> 00:16:18,556 Speaker 1: of stones crashed through the downstairs windows, as well as 228 00:16:18,596 --> 00:16:22,436 Speaker 1: those of the apartment above whom Lucina may well have 229 00:16:22,516 --> 00:16:28,556 Speaker 1: been cowering. Police constables who intervened were pelted with rocks 230 00:16:28,596 --> 00:16:32,236 Speaker 1: and bottles. A police inspector was struck on the head 231 00:16:32,396 --> 00:16:35,596 Speaker 1: and left with a bloody gash, while other officers were 232 00:16:35,596 --> 00:16:39,116 Speaker 1: said to be bleeding profusely too. You are worst than 233 00:16:39,156 --> 00:16:43,876 Speaker 1: the Germans for protecting them, shouted the mob. A priest, 234 00:16:44,356 --> 00:16:48,596 Speaker 1: Father Russell, finally succeeded where the authorities had not and 235 00:16:48,716 --> 00:16:52,396 Speaker 1: dispersed the crowd, telling them that if they really wanted 236 00:16:52,396 --> 00:16:54,756 Speaker 1: to fight the Germans, they should head to the army 237 00:16:54,796 --> 00:16:59,676 Speaker 1: recruiting office. But the following day the violence resurged and 238 00:16:59,876 --> 00:17:03,836 Speaker 1: spread more gum shops were wrecked and looted. In the 239 00:17:03,876 --> 00:17:06,556 Speaker 1: windows at the police station where the Andraci family was 240 00:17:06,636 --> 00:17:11,356 Speaker 1: sheltering were smashed. Velyn would have been six years old, 241 00:17:11,836 --> 00:17:15,116 Speaker 1: very young, but still old enough to understand that people 242 00:17:15,116 --> 00:17:18,756 Speaker 1: in her town were angry and old enough to feel afraid. 243 00:17:23,676 --> 00:17:27,116 Speaker 2: That wave of violence in Keighley and in towns across 244 00:17:27,116 --> 00:17:30,836 Speaker 2: the land marked out something important about the character of 245 00:17:30,876 --> 00:17:34,516 Speaker 2: the First World War, something that a government minister underlined 246 00:17:34,516 --> 00:17:37,116 Speaker 2: in a speech the following year. This was not a 247 00:17:37,156 --> 00:17:40,836 Speaker 2: conflict between armies, but between nations. He said. 248 00:17:40,996 --> 00:17:44,756 Speaker 3: Every individual, whether civilian or not, has got to throw 249 00:17:44,876 --> 00:17:46,316 Speaker 3: his weight into the scale. 250 00:17:47,316 --> 00:17:50,476 Speaker 2: The British people took up that challenge with vigor. There 251 00:17:50,476 --> 00:17:53,276 Speaker 2: were more anti German riots over the next four years, 252 00:17:53,636 --> 00:17:56,836 Speaker 2: and German women and children were targets of this violence too. 253 00:17:57,636 --> 00:18:01,956 Speaker 2: German immigrants were also affected by government policy. Some lost 254 00:18:01,956 --> 00:18:05,036 Speaker 2: their jobs, and enemy aliens were required to register with 255 00:18:05,076 --> 00:18:08,916 Speaker 2: their local police stations. Their freedom of movement was restricted, 256 00:18:09,356 --> 00:18:14,676 Speaker 2: and some were even repatriated back to Germany. Rosina and 257 00:18:14,716 --> 00:18:17,996 Speaker 2: her children may well have known Germans who suffered desperately 258 00:18:18,076 --> 00:18:20,956 Speaker 2: under these measures, but they themselves would likely have been 259 00:18:20,996 --> 00:18:24,636 Speaker 2: spared the very worst of this treatment. Residing with our 260 00:18:24,676 --> 00:18:28,156 Speaker 2: foster parents. Evelyn's heritage may not have been widely known, 261 00:18:28,756 --> 00:18:31,236 Speaker 2: and for her part, Rosina had ceased to be a 262 00:18:31,276 --> 00:18:35,636 Speaker 2: German national an alien upon her marriage to Walter. Although 263 00:18:35,636 --> 00:18:39,196 Speaker 2: they had separated, they were still married, and Walter enlisted 264 00:18:39,236 --> 00:18:42,756 Speaker 2: and fought the Germans for king and country. Rosina often 265 00:18:42,796 --> 00:18:49,076 Speaker 2: also went by a name that sounded unquestionably English, Rose Judd. Still, 266 00:18:49,436 --> 00:18:52,516 Speaker 2: there was a troubling strand of public discourse that did 267 00:18:52,636 --> 00:18:57,476 Speaker 2: implicate Rosina, Hermann and Evelyn. Journalists and politicians invoked the 268 00:18:57,556 --> 00:19:01,556 Speaker 2: racialized language of bad blood when they spoke about British 269 00:19:01,676 --> 00:19:05,916 Speaker 2: children of German parentage m I five. The British Security 270 00:19:05,996 --> 00:19:10,916 Speaker 2: Service described such children as enemy ten it and matrilineal. 271 00:19:10,996 --> 00:19:14,836 Speaker 2: German kinship was a particular cause for concern. Those born 272 00:19:14,876 --> 00:19:17,676 Speaker 2: to German mothers were more likely to be seen as 273 00:19:17,716 --> 00:19:22,636 Speaker 2: potential future threats. British citizenship, on paper was no match 274 00:19:22,716 --> 00:19:24,676 Speaker 2: for British German bloodstock. 275 00:19:25,236 --> 00:19:30,276 Speaker 3: You can't neutralize an unnatural beast, a human abortion a 276 00:19:30,396 --> 00:19:34,076 Speaker 3: Hellish freak, but you can exterminate it. 277 00:19:34,436 --> 00:19:36,796 Speaker 2: Fumed one nationalistic magazine editor. 278 00:19:40,036 --> 00:19:42,796 Speaker 1: For young Evelyn, the world must surely have seemed to 279 00:19:42,796 --> 00:19:46,196 Speaker 1: be filled with bidder enmity. Not only was her home 280 00:19:46,236 --> 00:19:49,756 Speaker 1: life troubled, her neighbours had also revealed that at any 281 00:19:49,836 --> 00:19:53,276 Speaker 1: moment they could turn violently on anyone they considered different. 282 00:19:55,876 --> 00:19:59,236 Speaker 1: But there were bright spots amid the gloom, glittering distractions 283 00:19:59,236 --> 00:20:07,476 Speaker 1: from grim reality. Keithley had a thriving theatrical and entertainment scene, 284 00:20:07,716 --> 00:20:11,876 Speaker 1: boasting several theaters, a picture Palace with five hundred seats, 285 00:20:12,196 --> 00:20:15,716 Speaker 1: and the Cozy Corner Picture House, which projected all the 286 00:20:15,756 --> 00:20:19,996 Speaker 1: world's finest cinerdramas three times daily at popular prices. 287 00:20:20,076 --> 00:20:22,716 Speaker 3: Buie tickets for the unwelcome Missus hatch. 288 00:20:22,476 --> 00:20:26,396 Speaker 1: Please cheap and comfortable. The cinema was an immensely popular 289 00:20:26,436 --> 00:20:28,596 Speaker 1: form of escapism for the working classes. 290 00:20:28,756 --> 00:20:31,716 Speaker 3: You considered the front for top and sapany chairs further back. 291 00:20:31,716 --> 00:20:36,556 Speaker 1: A sevenpence booking ahead wasn't necessary. The auditoriums were warm, 292 00:20:36,676 --> 00:20:39,996 Speaker 1: and the darkness also afforded cinemagoers some privacy. 293 00:20:40,196 --> 00:20:42,876 Speaker 4: East Is East, I Love Laurence Turner. 294 00:20:42,676 --> 00:20:45,756 Speaker 1: Films would be projected onto a whitewashed screen on the 295 00:20:45,796 --> 00:20:49,836 Speaker 1: back wall of the auditorium, and because they lacked sink sound, 296 00:20:50,236 --> 00:20:53,316 Speaker 1: they were often accompanied by a piano or other instruments. 297 00:20:53,876 --> 00:20:56,756 Speaker 1: Sometimes there were sound effects too, like the tapping of 298 00:20:56,796 --> 00:21:00,276 Speaker 1: coconut shells to simulate the clip clop of horses hoofs. 299 00:21:01,356 --> 00:21:03,556 Speaker 1: Evelyn may well have sat in one of the dark 300 00:21:03,676 --> 00:21:07,156 Speaker 1: and packed out Keighley Picture Houses on a Saturday evening, 301 00:21:07,756 --> 00:21:11,276 Speaker 1: the air thick with cigaret smoke, gazing up an awe 302 00:21:11,436 --> 00:21:15,316 Speaker 1: and wonder as the grainy moving images flickered across the 303 00:21:15,356 --> 00:21:27,996 Speaker 1: screen age. Military discipline from the experience of war failed 304 00:21:27,996 --> 00:21:31,836 Speaker 1: to mellow Walter Judd during his service. He was charged 305 00:21:31,876 --> 00:21:37,036 Speaker 1: with insubordination and received twenty eight days detention. He'd also 306 00:21:37,076 --> 00:21:40,556 Speaker 1: been wounded, and the gunshot had left him permanently disabled. 307 00:21:41,236 --> 00:21:44,316 Speaker 1: At war's end, a pension was awarded to make civilian 308 00:21:44,316 --> 00:21:47,956 Speaker 1: life with such an injury a little easier. Evelyn was 309 00:21:48,036 --> 00:21:51,876 Speaker 1: listed as a dependant. Walter and Rozina appear to have 310 00:21:51,916 --> 00:21:56,236 Speaker 1: briefly reconciled. In nineteen nineteen, they were living together and Keighley, 311 00:21:56,676 --> 00:22:00,156 Speaker 1: but this arrangement did not last. By nineteen twenty one, 312 00:22:00,316 --> 00:22:03,076 Speaker 1: he was once more residing with his mother and siblings 313 00:22:03,356 --> 00:22:06,836 Speaker 1: back in the village of Earby, working as a casual laborer. 314 00:22:07,796 --> 00:22:10,796 Speaker 1: Walter would never again lived with his wife and children, 315 00:22:11,156 --> 00:22:13,316 Speaker 1: and he would end his days in a lodging house 316 00:22:13,396 --> 00:22:17,276 Speaker 1: for the homeless. Perhaps Evelyn and Hermann felt abandoned by 317 00:22:17,316 --> 00:22:21,036 Speaker 1: their father, or perhaps by this point they were simply 318 00:22:21,076 --> 00:22:25,996 Speaker 1: accustomed to his absence. These upheavals seemed not to have 319 00:22:26,076 --> 00:22:29,636 Speaker 1: soured Evelyn, for she grew into a warm, kind hearted 320 00:22:29,636 --> 00:22:33,916 Speaker 1: young woman with a jolly disposition. By now a teenager, 321 00:22:34,276 --> 00:22:37,516 Speaker 1: she attended school and worked part time at a local mill. 322 00:22:38,316 --> 00:22:41,236 Speaker 1: She would later confide that as a young woman, she 323 00:22:41,316 --> 00:22:44,716 Speaker 1: gave birth to a baby out of wedlock. Sex education 324 00:22:44,956 --> 00:22:49,076 Speaker 1: was almost nonexistent at this time, and abortion still illegal. 325 00:22:49,436 --> 00:22:53,396 Speaker 1: Wouldn't have been a safe or straightforward option either. Apparently, 326 00:22:53,636 --> 00:22:56,316 Speaker 1: the child was adopted by a couple and the family 327 00:22:56,396 --> 00:23:01,516 Speaker 1: moved to Canada. There's no corresponding birth certificate in the archives, 328 00:23:01,836 --> 00:23:05,836 Speaker 1: but it's still possible that this story is true. Evelyn 329 00:23:06,076 --> 00:23:09,116 Speaker 1: might have given birth and a local mother and baby home. 330 00:23:09,476 --> 00:23:13,796 Speaker 4: Many of them run by rather strict religious organizations, the 331 00:23:13,916 --> 00:23:17,276 Speaker 4: job would just be taken for adoption without consulting the mother. 332 00:23:17,676 --> 00:23:20,596 Speaker 1: Historian Patthane is an expert on social history. In the 333 00:23:20,636 --> 00:23:22,116 Speaker 1: twentieth century. 334 00:23:21,836 --> 00:23:25,076 Speaker 4: Women who don't have support from their families or any 335 00:23:25,076 --> 00:23:29,196 Speaker 4: other sort of easy support are often forced into adoption, 336 00:23:29,356 --> 00:23:30,836 Speaker 4: and that was really quite common. 337 00:23:31,516 --> 00:23:33,956 Speaker 1: Evelyn would have been well aware that as a young 338 00:23:34,116 --> 00:23:38,276 Speaker 1: single mother life would be a grinding struggle and attracts 339 00:23:38,276 --> 00:23:43,116 Speaker 1: societal hostility. Still, having her baby wrenched away from her 340 00:23:43,396 --> 00:23:46,476 Speaker 1: would have been a scarring traumatic experience. 341 00:23:50,076 --> 00:23:53,996 Speaker 2: Life moved on. Evelyn, who was said to be enthralled 342 00:23:54,076 --> 00:23:59,116 Speaker 2: with show business, probably punctuated the everyday, repetitive drudgery of 343 00:23:59,156 --> 00:24:01,996 Speaker 2: working at the local mill with trips to the nearby 344 00:24:02,156 --> 00:24:03,796 Speaker 2: coastal town of Blackpool. 345 00:24:03,996 --> 00:24:10,476 Speaker 5: Your seaside resorts, which had boomed during the nineteenth century, 346 00:24:10,916 --> 00:24:14,476 Speaker 5: were designed to inspire, awe and overwhelm the census. 347 00:24:16,036 --> 00:24:19,436 Speaker 2: As spaces devoted to pleasure, they offered a break from 348 00:24:19,436 --> 00:24:23,036 Speaker 2: the workaday routine of the shop floor, factory bench or 349 00:24:23,156 --> 00:24:29,596 Speaker 2: kitchen sink. Blackpool boasted peers, promenades, and pavilions. The town 350 00:24:29,756 --> 00:24:33,716 Speaker 2: was also decked out in coloured lights, the annual illuminations, 351 00:24:34,156 --> 00:24:40,996 Speaker 2: which when switched on each autumn, attracted one hundred thousand visitors, 352 00:24:41,036 --> 00:24:45,636 Speaker 2: and its palatial all weather winter gardens complex included one 353 00:24:45,636 --> 00:24:48,916 Speaker 2: of the largest ball rooms in the world, the Empress. 354 00:24:49,836 --> 00:24:58,036 Speaker 2: The resort positively brimmed with entertainment, music, theater, circus performances 355 00:24:58,076 --> 00:24:59,316 Speaker 2: and burlesque shows. 356 00:24:59,996 --> 00:25:04,396 Speaker 3: Blackpool's audiences are reputed to possess highly developed critical powers 357 00:25:04,476 --> 00:25:08,156 Speaker 3: that London producers so often present their plays in Blackpool 358 00:25:08,356 --> 00:25:10,236 Speaker 3: before some admitting them to London. 359 00:25:11,316 --> 00:25:15,796 Speaker 2: The town attracted big named stars, and it congratulated itself 360 00:25:15,836 --> 00:25:19,676 Speaker 2: on hosting previews of shows before they hit London's West End. 361 00:25:20,476 --> 00:25:23,756 Speaker 3: If Blackpool likes it, any other place on Earth will 362 00:25:23,796 --> 00:25:24,996 Speaker 3: love it. 363 00:25:24,996 --> 00:25:28,476 Speaker 2: It was here in Blackpool. Perhaps promenading by the seafront 364 00:25:28,516 --> 00:25:31,916 Speaker 2: after watching a stage musical or catching a film screening 365 00:25:31,916 --> 00:25:36,156 Speaker 2: in tremendous natural color at the Hippodrome that Evelyn met 366 00:25:36,196 --> 00:25:40,876 Speaker 2: Harold Oatley. She was around twenty four years old, Harold 367 00:25:41,116 --> 00:25:45,556 Speaker 2: around twenty eight. The pair struck up a relationship. They 368 00:25:45,556 --> 00:25:49,276 Speaker 2: had things in common. Harold too had boarded out with 369 00:25:49,356 --> 00:25:51,716 Speaker 2: a couple as a child after his mother passed away, 370 00:25:52,036 --> 00:25:56,436 Speaker 2: and had then been adopted. Both shaped by turbulent childhoods 371 00:25:56,436 --> 00:26:00,076 Speaker 2: and fractured family life, they may well have understood each other, 372 00:26:00,756 --> 00:26:04,556 Speaker 2: and yet while they shared common ground, Harold and Evelyn 373 00:26:04,596 --> 00:26:08,756 Speaker 2: were also very different. Harold's was the humdrum life of 374 00:26:08,796 --> 00:26:13,436 Speaker 2: a room rooral poultry farmer in the nearby village of Thornton. Evelyn, 375 00:26:13,476 --> 00:26:16,236 Speaker 2: on the other hand, seems to have dreamt of one 376 00:26:16,316 --> 00:26:20,556 Speaker 2: day treading the boards herself, possibly inspired by the West 377 00:26:20,636 --> 00:26:25,036 Speaker 2: End idols she saw in Blackpool. It wasn't such an 378 00:26:25,076 --> 00:26:30,516 Speaker 2: absurd dream. Wildly successful singer and actor Gracie Fields came 379 00:26:30,556 --> 00:26:34,316 Speaker 2: from the Northwest and was utterly unashamed of her provincial 380 00:26:34,476 --> 00:26:40,676 Speaker 2: working class roots. She'd worked part time at a local 381 00:26:40,716 --> 00:26:49,716 Speaker 2: mill and had a Lancashire accent, just like Evelyn, and 382 00:26:49,796 --> 00:26:53,836 Speaker 2: so while Harold stayed up north tending to his birds, Evelyn, 383 00:26:54,196 --> 00:26:58,116 Speaker 2: like her mother before her, looked for new opportunities elsewhere. 384 00:26:58,916 --> 00:27:01,756 Speaker 2: She set her sights on the epicenter of showbiz and 385 00:27:01,796 --> 00:27:05,916 Speaker 2: took lodgings in the heart of London's West End. But, 386 00:27:06,196 --> 00:27:09,076 Speaker 2: as is so often true with glittering dreams of fame, 387 00:27:09,836 --> 00:27:20,156 Speaker 2: the reality would be somewhat bleaker. Bad Women the Blackout 388 00:27:20,196 --> 00:27:21,996 Speaker 2: Ripper will be back shortly. 389 00:27:37,516 --> 00:27:41,276 Speaker 1: In the nineteen thirties, The Windmill Theater was a somewhat 390 00:27:41,396 --> 00:27:45,476 Speaker 1: odd new addition to London's theater land. A converted five 391 00:27:45,556 --> 00:27:49,476 Speaker 1: story cinema, the balconies and turrets of its facade were 392 00:27:49,596 --> 00:27:53,316 Speaker 1: squashed into a tiny frontage that peeked out between the 393 00:27:53,396 --> 00:27:57,116 Speaker 1: neighboring buildings. Slightly set back from the main drag of 394 00:27:57,236 --> 00:28:01,636 Speaker 1: rival theaters in a narrow side street, the Windmill sat 395 00:28:01,716 --> 00:28:06,956 Speaker 1: in a cosmopolitan quarter, continental grocers and restaurants interspersed the 396 00:28:06,956 --> 00:28:12,876 Speaker 1: shops of Italian tailors, makers, artists, and theatrical costumers. Physically 397 00:28:12,916 --> 00:28:17,436 Speaker 1: at the boundary between slightly cedy Soho and upscale Piccadilly. 398 00:28:17,916 --> 00:28:22,156 Speaker 1: The Windmill occupied an entertainment borderland, too, being poised on 399 00:28:22,236 --> 00:28:26,796 Speaker 1: a knife edge between llicit and illicit pleasure. Perhaps this 400 00:28:26,916 --> 00:28:32,716 Speaker 1: combination of bohemianism and racy countercultural nightlife fueled Evelyn's enduring 401 00:28:32,796 --> 00:28:37,236 Speaker 1: fascination with the venue in its environs. Settling in Soho, 402 00:28:37,556 --> 00:28:41,556 Speaker 1: Evelyn picked a fitting alias for herself, a starlet's name. 403 00:28:42,316 --> 00:28:46,076 Speaker 1: Here she was no longer Evelyn Judd, but leta Ward, 404 00:28:46,636 --> 00:28:50,276 Speaker 1: and she told Harold she'd obtained a situation at the 405 00:28:50,276 --> 00:28:57,996 Speaker 1: famous Windmill Theater. With continuous daily performances of singing and dancing, 406 00:28:58,196 --> 00:29:01,876 Speaker 1: it promised the snappiest shows in town, and according to 407 00:29:01,916 --> 00:29:05,436 Speaker 1: the writer Elizabeth Bowen, the venue was so intimate that 408 00:29:05,516 --> 00:29:07,876 Speaker 1: Windmill girls would perform. 409 00:29:07,276 --> 00:29:08,996 Speaker 4: Practically in your lap. 410 00:29:09,836 --> 00:29:13,316 Speaker 1: The theater would eventually become famous for its nude show girls, 411 00:29:13,596 --> 00:29:17,116 Speaker 1: with the Prudish government censor only tolerated if they stood 412 00:29:17,316 --> 00:29:21,076 Speaker 1: stock still. It was deemed these girls functioned as. 413 00:29:21,316 --> 00:29:23,636 Speaker 3: A national safety. 414 00:29:23,276 --> 00:29:28,836 Speaker 1: Valve, satisfying unruly male sexuality in the contained setting of 415 00:29:28,876 --> 00:29:32,196 Speaker 1: the theatre auditorium. 416 00:29:32,436 --> 00:29:34,316 Speaker 3: I've never seen a woman like you. 417 00:29:36,156 --> 00:29:38,756 Speaker 1: Evelyn was said to have worked at the Windmill before 418 00:29:38,876 --> 00:29:42,116 Speaker 1: full nudity was allowed, and Harold believed she was a 419 00:29:42,236 --> 00:29:46,196 Speaker 1: dancer in the chorus. In the nineteen thirties, chorus girls 420 00:29:46,196 --> 00:29:49,876 Speaker 1: were chosen for their raw singing, acting, and dancing abilities. 421 00:29:50,396 --> 00:29:53,316 Speaker 1: Their training was short, and for the most part, their 422 00:29:53,356 --> 00:29:56,756 Speaker 1: performance skills tended to be rudimentary, so it needn't have 423 00:29:56,836 --> 00:30:00,396 Speaker 1: posed a problem if Evelyn lacked formal training in these arts. 424 00:30:01,116 --> 00:30:03,356 Speaker 1: As a windmill girl, she would have been subject to 425 00:30:03,396 --> 00:30:07,596 Speaker 1: a makeover that observed a precise notion of femininity, with 426 00:30:07,796 --> 00:30:12,396 Speaker 1: carefully plucked eyebrows, good teeth, red lips, and permed hair, 427 00:30:12,956 --> 00:30:17,156 Speaker 1: or even a platinum blonde wig. On stage, she would 428 00:30:17,156 --> 00:30:21,436 Speaker 1: have sung tap downst and high kicked as a thrilling 429 00:30:21,556 --> 00:30:24,996 Speaker 1: ride that the hours were long and the pay was poor, 430 00:30:25,476 --> 00:30:30,116 Speaker 1: equivalent to a shop girl's salary. The archetypal windmill girl 431 00:30:30,236 --> 00:30:33,636 Speaker 1: was intended to be remarkable for her freshness and beauty, 432 00:30:34,036 --> 00:30:36,276 Speaker 1: and while men were expected to sit in the stalls 433 00:30:36,316 --> 00:30:41,196 Speaker 1: and ogle her, she herself was to be docile, passive, 434 00:30:41,516 --> 00:30:45,356 Speaker 1: and innocent of sexual knowledge, or at least to appear so. 435 00:30:46,476 --> 00:30:50,116 Speaker 1: Theatrical historians have said Evelyn's name does not appear on 436 00:30:50,236 --> 00:30:52,716 Speaker 1: any of the programs or show bills for the Windmill 437 00:30:52,796 --> 00:30:55,676 Speaker 1: Theater over the years, and nor does her alias lead 438 00:30:55,756 --> 00:31:00,636 Speaker 1: award casting doubt over the claim that she performed here. However, 439 00:31:00,756 --> 00:31:04,796 Speaker 1: for historian of prostitution, a night life expert Professor Julia 440 00:31:04,876 --> 00:31:06,756 Speaker 1: Late this isn't conclusive. 441 00:31:08,196 --> 00:31:11,196 Speaker 6: Chorus girls are hard to find in the historical record. 442 00:31:11,436 --> 00:31:14,876 Speaker 6: There's actually very little record in general about theater and 443 00:31:14,916 --> 00:31:18,916 Speaker 6: the casts, but chorus girls are particularly poorly documented. 444 00:31:18,996 --> 00:31:21,596 Speaker 1: And in her own research for her book, The Disappearance 445 00:31:21,636 --> 00:31:26,236 Speaker 1: of Lydia Harvey, Julia found that chorus girls sometimes deliberately 446 00:31:26,276 --> 00:31:28,676 Speaker 1: concealed themselves through multiple aliases. 447 00:31:29,116 --> 00:31:31,476 Speaker 6: That's one thing I learned about pseudonyms in my research 448 00:31:31,516 --> 00:31:35,476 Speaker 6: for my book is that people very rarely only have one. 449 00:31:35,636 --> 00:31:39,676 Speaker 1: So perhaps Evelyn had another name altogether and used this 450 00:31:39,716 --> 00:31:42,516 Speaker 1: at the Windmill. On the other hand, she was already 451 00:31:42,556 --> 00:31:45,596 Speaker 1: much older than the typical Windmill recruit, who was usually 452 00:31:45,596 --> 00:31:49,436 Speaker 1: only eighteen or nineteen. So another possibility is that Evelyn 453 00:31:49,516 --> 00:31:53,116 Speaker 1: worked at the Windmill, not as an official dancer, but 454 00:31:53,236 --> 00:31:58,196 Speaker 1: in another capacity, such as welcoming spectators to the venue. 455 00:31:58,276 --> 00:32:01,236 Speaker 6: She could have been a hostess who sometimes went up 456 00:32:01,276 --> 00:32:04,236 Speaker 6: on stage when one of the other women were not available. 457 00:32:04,476 --> 00:32:06,916 Speaker 6: She could have worked clearing glasses. She could have worked 458 00:32:06,956 --> 00:32:10,236 Speaker 6: behind the bar, and again longed to be on stage 459 00:32:10,236 --> 00:32:13,356 Speaker 6: potentially and was quite happy for people to assume she was. 460 00:32:14,316 --> 00:32:17,436 Speaker 1: Whatever. The truth that Evelyn wished to be associated with 461 00:32:17,516 --> 00:32:21,436 Speaker 1: this iconic site of West End entertainment is important a 462 00:32:21,476 --> 00:32:24,436 Speaker 1: central plank in the mythology she was building around the 463 00:32:24,516 --> 00:32:26,116 Speaker 1: character of Leita Ward. 464 00:32:27,196 --> 00:32:30,356 Speaker 6: For women working and living in that space, the windmill 465 00:32:30,556 --> 00:32:32,756 Speaker 6: would have been seen as a coup, as an interesting, 466 00:32:32,876 --> 00:32:35,236 Speaker 6: exciting place to work, as having made it as a 467 00:32:35,276 --> 00:32:37,676 Speaker 6: review artist, so I can see why she may as 468 00:32:37,716 --> 00:32:40,836 Speaker 6: herself have allowed that story to circulate. 469 00:32:41,436 --> 00:32:44,836 Speaker 1: But show business was not lead towards sole occupation. The 470 00:32:44,916 --> 00:32:48,436 Speaker 1: testimony of close friends suggests that Evelyn also earned her 471 00:32:48,516 --> 00:32:52,076 Speaker 1: living and soho by selling sex, and it may well 472 00:32:52,076 --> 00:32:54,156 Speaker 1: have been through the world of the theater that she 473 00:32:54,396 --> 00:32:55,236 Speaker 1: entered this trade. 474 00:32:56,116 --> 00:33:01,236 Speaker 6: These theater spaces were contiguous with the spaces where commercial 475 00:33:01,276 --> 00:33:04,036 Speaker 6: sex would have been bought and sold, and so women 476 00:33:04,076 --> 00:33:06,036 Speaker 6: working in those spaces would have been exposed to it. 477 00:33:06,276 --> 00:33:09,556 Speaker 6: The other thing about working as a chorus girl theater 478 00:33:09,836 --> 00:33:13,596 Speaker 6: is that it paid incredibly poorly, and women were often 479 00:33:13,796 --> 00:33:17,116 Speaker 6: compelled to supplement their earnings with other work, be that 480 00:33:17,236 --> 00:33:20,716 Speaker 6: illicit or illicit work. The contracts at these theaters were 481 00:33:20,756 --> 00:33:24,356 Speaker 6: also notoriously bad, but you'd be signing a contract essentially 482 00:33:24,396 --> 00:33:26,476 Speaker 6: saying we can terminate you whenever we want, and we 483 00:33:26,556 --> 00:33:28,756 Speaker 6: can withhold pay and all of those things. And so 484 00:33:29,196 --> 00:33:31,756 Speaker 6: that's another way in which those two industries were linked 485 00:33:31,836 --> 00:33:32,876 Speaker 6: through their precarity. 486 00:33:34,236 --> 00:33:38,276 Speaker 1: Hostesses and dances working in these spaces were also encouraged 487 00:33:38,436 --> 00:33:41,396 Speaker 1: to sell the illusion of sexual availability at work. 488 00:33:42,716 --> 00:33:46,156 Speaker 6: So the women working there, even if they weren't explicitly 489 00:33:46,196 --> 00:33:50,316 Speaker 6: selling sex, were expected to act available and to trade 490 00:33:50,436 --> 00:33:52,796 Speaker 6: on that kind of sex appeal to get men to 491 00:33:52,836 --> 00:33:55,236 Speaker 6: buy drinks, to get men to come in, and also 492 00:33:55,316 --> 00:33:57,276 Speaker 6: of course for tips. So if you're working at the 493 00:33:57,276 --> 00:34:00,396 Speaker 6: co check, for example, for tips. And so there's lots 494 00:34:00,396 --> 00:34:03,676 Speaker 6: of ways in which these worlds are entangled. Theater provided 495 00:34:03,836 --> 00:34:06,916 Speaker 6: multiple entry points and in no way saying that every 496 00:34:06,996 --> 00:34:09,676 Speaker 6: woman who was involved in theater was also sell sex, 497 00:34:09,836 --> 00:34:13,916 Speaker 6: but there's definitely an overlap. 498 00:34:16,156 --> 00:34:19,916 Speaker 2: Evelyn continued in this way for a time, seeing clients 499 00:34:19,956 --> 00:34:24,116 Speaker 2: and enjoying the drinking, dancing and music of Soho's exhilarating 500 00:34:24,196 --> 00:34:28,396 Speaker 2: night life with her friends, but in summer nineteen thirty six, 501 00:34:29,156 --> 00:34:33,436 Speaker 2: something happened to make her change her course. Aged twenty eight, 502 00:34:33,516 --> 00:34:38,276 Speaker 2: she packed her belongings, return north and agreed to marry Harold. 503 00:34:39,196 --> 00:34:41,556 Speaker 2: When they read at the District Register office it was 504 00:34:41,596 --> 00:34:44,356 Speaker 2: by license rather than having band thread out in the 505 00:34:44,396 --> 00:34:47,996 Speaker 2: local area. A license was a more discreet and far 506 00:34:48,196 --> 00:34:51,116 Speaker 2: swifter way to marry. But if Evelyn was in a 507 00:34:51,196 --> 00:34:54,316 Speaker 2: rush because of a pregnancy, she must have lost the baby, 508 00:34:54,836 --> 00:34:57,236 Speaker 2: for it seems that no child was ever born to 509 00:34:57,316 --> 00:35:02,996 Speaker 2: the couple. The pair lived together at Harold's quaint Thornton Bungalow, Rivermead, 510 00:35:03,796 --> 00:35:07,436 Speaker 2: but there were strings attached to this union. Before the 511 00:35:07,476 --> 00:35:11,196 Speaker 2: wedding ceremony, Evelyn had compelled Harold to submit to a 512 00:35:11,236 --> 00:35:12,436 Speaker 2: particular proviso. 513 00:35:13,276 --> 00:35:16,716 Speaker 3: My wife insisted that if she should ever tire of 514 00:35:16,756 --> 00:35:19,716 Speaker 3: her life with me, that I would allow her her 515 00:35:19,756 --> 00:35:22,956 Speaker 3: freedom so that she could come back to London to live. 516 00:35:24,116 --> 00:35:27,436 Speaker 2: Maybe Harold had hoped that the new missus Oatly would 517 00:35:27,436 --> 00:35:31,356 Speaker 2: be satisfied with domestic routine, that London was well and 518 00:35:31,476 --> 00:35:34,476 Speaker 2: truly out of her system, and she wouldn't ask him 519 00:35:34,476 --> 00:35:37,716 Speaker 2: to make good on his promise. But the pull of 520 00:35:37,756 --> 00:35:41,356 Speaker 2: the West End would prove too great to resist, and 521 00:35:41,476 --> 00:35:44,516 Speaker 2: before long Evelyn was once more yearning for the bright 522 00:35:44,596 --> 00:35:48,316 Speaker 2: lights of Piccadilly, for the vibrant chaos and commotion of 523 00:35:48,396 --> 00:35:53,796 Speaker 2: Soho's crisscrossing thoroughfares, and maybe quite simply for the close, 524 00:35:53,956 --> 00:36:00,196 Speaker 2: supportive and fun friendships she'd formed there. Evelyn oaately, convivial, 525 00:36:00,556 --> 00:36:03,676 Speaker 2: kind and a dreamer could not have known that with 526 00:36:03,756 --> 00:36:06,516 Speaker 2: each trip back to London, and with each new friend 527 00:36:06,596 --> 00:36:10,356 Speaker 2: she made, she was moving ever closer to another person 528 00:36:10,436 --> 00:36:14,596 Speaker 2: with an alter ego, though one more sinister and more sadistic. 529 00:36:14,716 --> 00:36:16,916 Speaker 3: Excuse me, are you waiting? 530 00:36:17,516 --> 00:36:20,276 Speaker 2: Soon she would meet an airman who pretended to be 531 00:36:20,396 --> 00:36:25,396 Speaker 2: an influential and wealthy aristocrat and airman with sharp features 532 00:36:25,876 --> 00:36:27,156 Speaker 2: and piercing. 533 00:36:26,716 --> 00:36:36,276 Speaker 1: Eyes bad women. The Blackout Ripper is hosted by me 534 00:36:36,516 --> 00:36:38,196 Speaker 1: Halle Rubinholt. 535 00:36:37,676 --> 00:36:38,996 Speaker 2: And me Alice Fines. 536 00:36:39,396 --> 00:36:42,116 Speaker 1: It was written and produced by Alice Fines and Ryan Dilley, 537 00:36:42,356 --> 00:36:46,476 Speaker 1: with additional support from Courtney Guarino and Offa Gomperts. Kate 538 00:36:46,556 --> 00:36:50,156 Speaker 1: Healy of Oakwood Family Trees aided us with genealogical research. 539 00:36:50,756 --> 00:36:53,916 Speaker 2: Pascal Wise Sound designed and mixed the show and composed 540 00:36:53,956 --> 00:36:57,036 Speaker 2: all the original music. The show was recorded at Alldoor 541 00:36:57,116 --> 00:37:00,676 Speaker 2: Studios by David Smith and Tom Berry. You also heard 542 00:37:00,716 --> 00:37:04,636 Speaker 2: the voice talents of Ben Crow, David Glover, Melanie Gutridge, 543 00:37:04,756 --> 00:37:08,516 Speaker 2: Stella Harford, Gemma Saunders, and rufus Wright. Much of the 544 00:37:08,596 --> 00:37:12,996 Speaker 2: music was performed by Ed Gocken, Ross Hughes, Christian Miller, 545 00:37:13,116 --> 00:37:15,996 Speaker 2: and Marcus Penrose. They were recorded by Nick Taylor at 546 00:37:16,036 --> 00:37:20,316 Speaker 2: Porcupine Studios. Pushkin's Ben Holiday mixed the tracks and. 547 00:37:20,236 --> 00:37:24,436 Speaker 1: You heard additional piano playing by the great Berry Wise 548 00:37:25,076 --> 00:37:28,516 Speaker 1: Hi Berry. The show also wouldn't have been possible without 549 00:37:28,516 --> 00:37:33,116 Speaker 1: the work of Jacob Weisberg, Heather Fame, Carl mcgliori, Maggie Taylor, 550 00:37:33,316 --> 00:37:38,076 Speaker 1: Nicole Morano, Eric Sandler, and Daniela Lukhan. We'd also like 551 00:37:38,116 --> 00:37:41,436 Speaker 1: to thank Michael Buchanan Dunn of the Murder Mile podcast, 552 00:37:41,876 --> 00:37:46,116 Speaker 1: Lizzie McCarroll, Katherine Walker at the Royal Pharmaceutical Society and 553 00:37:46,196 --> 00:37:50,276 Speaker 1: the Earbe Historical Society. Bad Women is a production of 554 00:37:50,316 --> 00:37:53,956 Speaker 1: Pushkin Industries. Please rate and review the show and spread 555 00:37:53,996 --> 00:37:56,596 Speaker 1: the word about what we do, and thanks for listening.