WEBVTT - How Radiation Sickness Works 0:00:01.200 --> 0:00:04.640 Welcome to Stuff you Should Know from House Stuff Works 0:00:04.680 --> 0:00:13.399 dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark, 0:00:13.440 --> 0:00:16.400 and there's Charles W Chuck Bryant, and there's Jerry over there. 0:00:16.520 --> 0:00:20.320 So this is, as they say, stuff you should know. 0:00:20.680 --> 0:00:25.200 Who's who? Is that? Me? Okay? Just me? Gotcha? No 0:00:25.200 --> 0:00:29.040 one else calls it this. Everybody called it that. Um, 0:00:30.800 --> 0:00:33.520 what do you call that? That's what they call it, right, 0:00:34.960 --> 0:00:39.080 you know the one with the dudes, right, it was Rambalan, Right, 0:00:39.760 --> 0:00:43.080 go on, tangents, Oh stuff, you should know. I have 0:00:43.159 --> 0:00:48.360 a family member that even you know, not blood relative. 0:00:48.560 --> 0:00:51.320 I'll just say that who A couple of years ago, 0:00:51.360 --> 0:00:54.480 were like, you know you guys, you need to get 0:00:54.520 --> 0:00:58.640 to the point. You can't even Sometimes it's like six 0:00:58.840 --> 0:01:00.800 to ten minutes of stuff before you even start talking 0:01:00.840 --> 0:01:05.640 about the thing. It's like a no, sir, glad you 0:01:05.720 --> 0:01:09.119 enjoy it. This is not someone I see a lot. 0:01:10.160 --> 0:01:14.960 I'm just trying to be vague. Would he know who who? 0:01:14.959 --> 0:01:18.000 He probably didn't even remember saying this. It was at 0:01:18.000 --> 0:01:21.200 a party or something. No, I'm just I'm banking on 0:01:21.280 --> 0:01:26.000 that maybe if I see him again, he'll say, I 0:01:26.120 --> 0:01:28.039 know what you were saying. I heard your message. I 0:01:28.080 --> 0:01:31.680 know you were talking a thinly veiled message. Right. It 0:01:31.840 --> 0:01:34.119 came on the heels of the neighbor's dog telling me 0:01:34.480 --> 0:01:37.520 to do stuff I didn't want to do. Right, Here's 0:01:37.560 --> 0:01:40.679 messages everywhere. That's what I'm trying to say. He's not 0:01:40.720 --> 0:01:45.000 the son of Sam No, no, David Berkowitz. Right, Yeah, 0:01:45.400 --> 0:01:48.640 we should do a show on him. We really should. Well, 0:01:48.760 --> 0:01:52.480 you know what, we should do a show where we 0:01:52.560 --> 0:01:54.920 talk about all the ones that we said we would 0:01:54.960 --> 0:01:58.680 do a show on and just forgot. Just a list, Yeah, 0:01:59.720 --> 0:02:04.560 the David Berkowitz number twenty eight to start some Andy 0:02:04.640 --> 0:02:08.240 Kaufman esque thing, to see how much will people take 0:02:08.639 --> 0:02:11.359 before they hate us. I wrote a really cool Rolling 0:02:11.360 --> 0:02:15.079 Stone profile of him from like nineteen eighty one maybe 0:02:15.120 --> 0:02:19.360 something like that, really really good um on Andy Kaufmann 0:02:19.440 --> 0:02:22.360 Uh huh. Yeah, he's a really interesting cat. I know 0:02:22.840 --> 0:02:25.639 he was basically just doing it all for himself. Yeah, 0:02:25.680 --> 0:02:27.919 that's why he was in the comedy, just to amuse 0:02:27.960 --> 0:02:32.800 himself nobody else. Yeah. So it takes a lot of colonists, 0:02:33.160 --> 0:02:35.959 and I think he inspired a lot of people who 0:02:36.040 --> 0:02:39.519 ended up bastardizing what he did too. I think a 0:02:39.560 --> 0:02:41.760 lot of people that thought they followed in his footsteps, 0:02:41.760 --> 0:02:45.880 brought a mean spirit like Bob Newhart to things, to 0:02:46.000 --> 0:02:50.320 their to their work. Uh, like Gilbert Godfrey. No like 0:02:50.720 --> 0:02:56.720 you know, um, like you know and stuff like that, 0:02:56.760 --> 0:02:59.840 where you're where you're masquerading as someone to get a 0:03:00.040 --> 0:03:04.960 eyes out of somebody, but the jokes really on that person. Yeah. 0:03:04.240 --> 0:03:07.040 I mean, I like bored at two, But I don't 0:03:07.080 --> 0:03:10.360 think any Kaufman. I think he always had a sweetness 0:03:10.480 --> 0:03:12.600 about him. I see what you mean. I don't think 0:03:12.600 --> 0:03:15.000 he's ever mean spirited and tried to make other people 0:03:15.040 --> 0:03:19.880 look dumb. Yeah, yeah, that's my dumb opinion. I think 0:03:19.880 --> 0:03:24.400 the joke wasn't between him and the audience on another person. 0:03:24.720 --> 0:03:27.480 The joke was on the audience, and the joke was 0:03:27.520 --> 0:03:31.080 to himself. Yeah, it was between him and himself. Whereas 0:03:31.120 --> 0:03:37.040 with like um, Sasha Baron Cohen, you're laughing, everybody's laughing 0:03:37.040 --> 0:03:40.240 at Ron Paul right, you know, well, like you know 0:03:40.280 --> 0:03:41.600 you saw did you See a Man on the Moon? 0:03:41.680 --> 0:03:44.520 The movie? I was in a long time. It was good. 0:03:44.560 --> 0:03:47.320 And when he uh first did the wrestling thing with 0:03:47.360 --> 0:03:50.360 his future wife and afterwards she was so mad and 0:03:50.360 --> 0:03:52.640 he was like wasn't that great? Like, you were so terrific, 0:03:52.680 --> 0:03:55.440 you were wonderful, And she's like, what what's going on? 0:03:55.920 --> 0:03:58.280 He's like, that was such a great performance and she 0:03:58.400 --> 0:04:03.440 was like, oh you were some jerk? Was that Courtney Love? Yeah? 0:04:04.120 --> 0:04:08.760 What a bizarre casting, I know. So that's a radiation 0:04:08.840 --> 0:04:13.120 sickness is intro. Man, Well, we had to mention something 0:04:13.200 --> 0:04:16.640 light because this isn't no, this is this is rough stuff, 0:04:16.920 --> 0:04:19.960 pretty heavy. The one good thing about radiation this is 0:04:20.000 --> 0:04:22.200 a grab Star article, by the way, is that the 0:04:22.200 --> 0:04:24.720 one good thing about it? Yeah, And the one good 0:04:24.760 --> 0:04:27.800 thing about radiation sickness is it's surprisingly tough to get 0:04:28.279 --> 0:04:31.640 most people who just go about their average day exposed 0:04:31.640 --> 0:04:37.479 the sunlight or um you know, even microwave in their coffee, yes, yes, 0:04:37.680 --> 0:04:41.120 or you know, tuning in their favorite radio program while 0:04:41.160 --> 0:04:45.880 it's around still um or I'm talking on their cell phone. 0:04:45.880 --> 0:04:48.719 That's another controversial one. Sure, you're not going to get 0:04:49.240 --> 0:04:52.000 radiation sickness. And the reason why you may get cancer 0:04:52.080 --> 0:04:56.080 from these things who knows. But the you're not gonna 0:04:56.080 --> 0:05:00.520 get radiation sickness because that the energy, the radiation coming 0:05:00.560 --> 0:05:02.560 from these things like your cell phone, from the sun, 0:05:03.200 --> 0:05:06.320 from the microwave are of a low enough frequency and 0:05:06.360 --> 0:05:09.120 a low enough energy that they don't have the potential 0:05:09.200 --> 0:05:16.000 to ionize. Um, they create ionizing radiation, which is, oh, well, 0:05:16.040 --> 0:05:20.880 that's where a that's where radiation knocks an electron off 0:05:20.880 --> 0:05:24.200 of an atom that's creating an ion, and ions can 0:05:24.320 --> 0:05:28.559 wreak serious havoc. Yeah, in a in a human body 0:05:28.600 --> 0:05:32.240 in particular. Yeah, so you're not gonna in fact, even 0:05:32.240 --> 0:05:34.320 the cancer that you might get one day due to 0:05:35.240 --> 0:05:37.960 long term exposure to your cell phone, if that's even 0:05:38.000 --> 0:05:42.360 a thing. Um, that's not called radiation sickness. If you 0:05:42.920 --> 0:05:46.880 worked at a power plant that leaked and ended up 0:05:46.880 --> 0:05:50.159 getting cancer, that's not even considered radiation sickness. Or if 0:05:50.200 --> 0:05:53.240 you're an X ray technician and you get radiation poisoning 0:05:53.360 --> 0:05:57.640 or cancer years later, it's still not radiation sickness. Radiation 0:05:57.680 --> 0:06:00.440 sickness is where you are hit with such a huge 0:06:01.000 --> 0:06:08.320 immediate dose of ionizing radiation that you die pretty quickly 0:06:08.400 --> 0:06:11.680 from it, and you're going to also experience immediate symptoms, 0:06:12.040 --> 0:06:16.000 or you become the incredible hulk right in the court 0:06:16.080 --> 0:06:19.440 in the in the case of gamma rays, it was gamma, 0:06:19.520 --> 0:06:21.919 wasn't it. I think so right, Yeah, he wouldn't have 0:06:21.960 --> 0:06:26.440 turned into a monster. That's that's fictitious. He instead would 0:06:26.440 --> 0:06:32.400 have um possibly lost consciousness, maybe had diarrhea, vomited. Uh. 0:06:32.440 --> 0:06:34.839 He probably would have had blistered skin that would have 0:06:34.880 --> 0:06:37.760 never fully healed and would have formed scars under the 0:06:37.880 --> 0:06:42.359 skin called kelloid's scars that eventually you are outside of 0:06:42.400 --> 0:06:44.479 the skin. Yeah, and and then it would have just 0:06:44.520 --> 0:06:48.200 gotten even worse. But we're getting ahead of ourselves, aren't we. Well, 0:06:48.279 --> 0:06:54.000 what people should know what they're getting into. So, radiation 0:06:54.040 --> 0:07:00.520 sickness is an acute situation, and it's accumulative effect. Um, 0:07:00.560 --> 0:07:05.839 after you get that acute dose of radiation poisoning, there's 0:07:05.839 --> 0:07:08.400 another way to call it. Uh. And there are three 0:07:08.600 --> 0:07:13.040 kinds of ionizing radiation? Or is this article that the grabster? 0:07:13.240 --> 0:07:14.960 He had a couple of nice little clips in here? 0:07:15.280 --> 0:07:20.560 Did you notice the Neil Young. It would have to 0:07:20.600 --> 0:07:23.320 say dash Neil Young after it for me, and he 0:07:23.360 --> 0:07:26.760 still wouldn't get it. Well. One of his his paragraphs 0:07:26.840 --> 0:07:30.120 is entitled ionizing radiation and the damage Done. I think 0:07:30.120 --> 0:07:32.440 he was playing on the needle and the damage done. 0:07:32.520 --> 0:07:36.520 Maybe probably Neil Young song, he's a cool cat, grabs 0:07:35.720 --> 0:07:40.840 the so um like, he says. It's comes in three flavors, 0:07:41.200 --> 0:07:44.880 alpha particles, bata particles, and the gamma raise the aforementioned 0:07:44.920 --> 0:07:48.520 gamma rays alpha particles. The good news is they're the 0:07:48.600 --> 0:07:54.200 least dangerous uh for external exposure. And the other good 0:07:54.280 --> 0:07:57.080 news is your T shirt. Well, you're not wearing a 0:07:57.120 --> 0:08:01.000 T shirt. I'm wearing one underneath my undershirt. Well, then 0:08:01.000 --> 0:08:05.080 you're doubly protected, your friend, because your clothing is even 0:08:05.320 --> 0:08:10.400 um strong enough to stop an external alpha particle. Right, 0:08:11.000 --> 0:08:13.840 they just bounce harmlessly off of your clothing, that's right, 0:08:13.960 --> 0:08:16.600 and go want want Right, So you would think that 0:08:16.800 --> 0:08:19.520 they're not dangerous at all. Not true, because you can 0:08:19.520 --> 0:08:22.960 still inhale this stuff uh and ingest it in the 0:08:23.000 --> 0:08:27.160 form of radon gas. And that's where things can get bad. Yeah. 0:08:27.200 --> 0:08:32.200 When you ingest um a radioactive particle, an ionizing particle, 0:08:32.559 --> 0:08:36.640 you um, it gets into your body, it gets transported around, 0:08:36.840 --> 0:08:39.760 and as it does, it goes through and it's like, hey, Adam, 0:08:39.800 --> 0:08:41.839 good to meet you. I'm gonna knock this electron off. 0:08:41.840 --> 0:08:44.320 And now you're a free radical. If you're a water molecule, 0:08:44.679 --> 0:08:47.280 and if you're gonna that's the way we say molecule 0:08:47.360 --> 0:08:49.840 from now on, by the way, and you're gonna go 0:08:49.880 --> 0:08:53.000 off and reak havoc on other stuff, right because when 0:08:53.000 --> 0:08:58.880 this when the um, when the the radioactive particle interacts 0:08:58.880 --> 0:09:01.679 with an atom and knocks the electron off, that's not 0:09:01.760 --> 0:09:05.520 the only damage done. When that electron is released or 0:09:05.559 --> 0:09:10.000 knocked off, energy in the form of what thirty three 0:09:10.240 --> 0:09:16.240 electron volts thirty three evs are released, and that weakens 0:09:16.280 --> 0:09:19.000 the chemical bonds holding the atom together. So it just 0:09:19.080 --> 0:09:22.640 totally alters the structure of the atom. Right. Well, when 0:09:22.640 --> 0:09:26.160 you're altering the structure of an atom, atoms make up molecules, 0:09:26.200 --> 0:09:28.720 so you alter the structure of the molecule. When you're 0:09:28.760 --> 0:09:32.200 talking about molecules, these things make up the basis of everything, 0:09:32.280 --> 0:09:34.920 from the proteins that are expressed in your body that 0:09:34.960 --> 0:09:38.560 carry out functions, to the cells that house these functions 0:09:38.600 --> 0:09:41.400 their act as factories. And all of a sudden you 0:09:41.480 --> 0:09:45.760 have all these weird alterations and like flawed and damaged 0:09:46.280 --> 0:09:50.320 um processes in your body, and it leads to systemic 0:09:50.400 --> 0:09:54.880 malfunction which leads to your at least severe illness, if 0:09:54.920 --> 0:09:57.079 not death. And all of this has to do with 0:09:57.240 --> 0:10:00.360 these little particles going through your body and bombar and 0:10:00.440 --> 0:10:03.199 knocking electrons off of their atoms. Yeah, and we'll get 0:10:03.200 --> 0:10:07.440 into the um specifics of how much is too much 0:10:07.679 --> 0:10:11.120 in a bit. But to continue, the beta particles are 0:10:11.160 --> 0:10:14.800 next up. They move very fastly with a lot of energy, 0:10:15.360 --> 0:10:19.040 and can travel a few feet when they're admitted from 0:10:19.040 --> 0:10:22.360 its source. The good news here is is that they 0:10:22.400 --> 0:10:25.600 can be blocked out by solid objects. Not your clothing, 0:10:26.400 --> 0:10:30.920 it's not solid enough, but like concrete or for Micah, 0:10:31.320 --> 0:10:37.480 if you were fighting under your kitchen counter, probably I 0:10:37.559 --> 0:10:40.040 like for Mica still it still has its you have 0:10:40.080 --> 0:10:42.360 what do you have like marble or quartz or some No, 0:10:42.600 --> 0:10:45.720 my my dining room table is would no, no, no, 0:10:45.760 --> 0:10:49.440 your kitchen counter like if you got into a cabinet. Yeah, 0:10:49.520 --> 0:10:52.880 you know, I don't know what my countertop is. I should. 0:10:52.920 --> 0:10:55.480 I thought it was something, but then when I redid 0:10:55.640 --> 0:10:58.679 my kitchen and went to cut it, it's black and stone, right, 0:10:59.320 --> 0:11:03.000 that's sort of the brownish thing. Now, I don't think 0:11:03.000 --> 0:11:05.400 it's a real stone. You went to cut it and 0:11:05.400 --> 0:11:08.280 did it just like completely mangle your ACKs off? No, 0:11:08.480 --> 0:11:11.160 because I got the right kind of blade. Um. I 0:11:11.200 --> 0:11:14.080 did my research, but it was it was not what 0:11:14.120 --> 0:11:16.320 I thought it was. And it's impossible to find this 0:11:16.400 --> 0:11:19.400 stuff now. Yeah, so we're just kind of begin to 0:11:19.400 --> 0:11:21.560 redo your countertops. Well at some point we have to. 0:11:21.640 --> 0:11:25.120 Are you going to redo them? No? Okay, that's gonna say. 0:11:25.160 --> 0:11:28.319 That's wow. That project right there. I tried to make 0:11:28.360 --> 0:11:33.200 my own concrete countertop you know those? Yeah, yeah, and 0:11:33.280 --> 0:11:35.560 you can do it yourself. I didn't know that. Yeah, 0:11:35.640 --> 0:11:38.320 you build a frame and you pour the stuff and um, 0:11:38.480 --> 0:11:42.520 but it was it turned out okay for a first try, 0:11:42.559 --> 0:11:44.880 but not good enough. Yeah, you don't want okay for 0:11:44.920 --> 0:11:47.440 the first try for your kitchen counters. Man, that stuff 0:11:47.480 --> 0:11:51.280 is heavy. Yeah, it's concrete and breaks easily if you 0:11:51.360 --> 0:11:53.800 drop it or if you just like are carving a turkey. 0:11:53.840 --> 0:11:55.480 If it's if you have too long of a piece 0:11:55.520 --> 0:11:57.559 and like you just have a person on each end 0:11:57.840 --> 0:12:00.640 can snap in half. You know you need a short 0:12:00.679 --> 0:12:05.600 person in the middle. Yeah, with a hard head. Uh. Anyway, 0:12:06.080 --> 0:12:09.720 beta particles, Uh, like we said, where were we what 0:12:09.760 --> 0:12:12.520 they can move through? Um? The problem with the beta 0:12:12.559 --> 0:12:15.439 particles is they're tiny, eight thousand times smaller than the 0:12:15.480 --> 0:12:18.960 alpha particle. Uh, and that means it can penetrate through 0:12:19.000 --> 0:12:22.520 your clothing. Into your skin. Uh. This is the stuff 0:12:22.559 --> 0:12:27.160 that if it enters the local food supply or the groundwater, uh, 0:12:27.160 --> 0:12:29.120 and it gets in the body that way, you can 0:12:29.160 --> 0:12:33.840 inhale it. Then you're in big trouble. Right, any time 0:12:33.880 --> 0:12:36.960 this stuff gets into your body, you're in big trouble. Yeah, 0:12:36.960 --> 0:12:38.480 and we should do you want to talk a real 0:12:38.559 --> 0:12:41.760 quick here about the difference between a radiation and contamination. 0:12:41.800 --> 0:12:44.200 Did you see that? Yeah, Well, let's finish gamma quickly 0:12:44.640 --> 0:12:46.839 because I feel like gammas just sort of sitting out 0:12:46.880 --> 0:12:52.040 there sad. Yeah, Gamma smash, gamma raise. They're the most dangerous, 0:12:52.360 --> 0:12:56.480 very high energy, uh, and can travel through most anything, 0:12:56.520 --> 0:13:00.000 which is why anything with gamma rays is gonna be 0:13:00.040 --> 0:13:02.600 lined with like a few inches of lead or several 0:13:02.600 --> 0:13:07.280 feet of concrete or both to block those gamma rays. Um. 0:13:07.640 --> 0:13:10.040 And this is the stuff that gets in your bone, 0:13:10.080 --> 0:13:13.760 marrow and your toast. Yeah. This stuff just goes right 0:13:13.760 --> 0:13:15.800 through your body all the way through. And as it does, 0:13:15.880 --> 0:13:19.720 it's it's just think of like these radioactive particles as 0:13:20.120 --> 0:13:25.640 tiny bullets that are ricocheting around. Electron seeking bullets are 0:13:25.760 --> 0:13:29.280 just going after your atoms with a vengeance. They're dying 0:13:29.320 --> 0:13:35.920 hard with a vengeance. So contamination versus a radiation. Uh, 0:13:35.960 --> 0:13:38.680 that's two ways that you can be dosed, and they're 0:13:38.720 --> 0:13:43.480 both a little different. Yeah. So, so contamination is what 0:13:43.559 --> 0:13:46.560 it sounds like. It's where you actually have uh, some 0:13:46.600 --> 0:13:49.240 sort of radioactive material maybe like a liquid or a 0:13:49.240 --> 0:13:53.040 powder or something on your body, on your clothing. In 0:13:53.200 --> 0:13:56.880 your body is even worse. But you are, for all 0:13:56.920 --> 0:14:00.719 intents and purposes, radioactive. You can transfer that radioactivity to 0:14:00.840 --> 0:14:04.080 other people. You're contaminated. Like you said, it's still pinging 0:14:04.080 --> 0:14:06.600 around in your body. Yeah, when it gets into your body, 0:14:06.600 --> 0:14:10.080 it can be transported through your blood, through other processes 0:14:10.080 --> 0:14:13.640 to transport processes in your body, and it's just reaking 0:14:13.720 --> 0:14:17.720 havoc everywhere. Um. And it reeks the most havoc on 0:14:17.960 --> 0:14:23.200 places where cells regenerate the fastest. Um, because the damage 0:14:23.240 --> 0:14:28.480 is done and spread more quickly. Right. Um. But that's contamination. 0:14:28.560 --> 0:14:32.960 You're radioactive. You can spread the radioactivity if you're contaminated. 0:14:33.080 --> 0:14:36.600 A radiation is different. Yeah, that's when like when you 0:14:36.640 --> 0:14:39.880 go to get your X chest X ray, you are 0:14:40.200 --> 0:14:47.760 technically getting irradiation, uh, irradiated irradiated. Um. The difference is 0:14:47.960 --> 0:14:50.920 you're not coming into actual contact uh. And when the 0:14:50.960 --> 0:14:54.600 sources turn when they shut off that machine, it's over right, 0:14:54.600 --> 0:14:57.160 You're you're no longer you're not radioactive, so you can't 0:14:57.160 --> 0:15:00.280 make other people radioactive and you're you're not just sitting 0:15:00.320 --> 0:15:04.400 there with radioactive particles in your body. It's done. It's done, 0:15:04.800 --> 0:15:07.120 leaving in the past. That's right, is the motto of 0:15:07.160 --> 0:15:09.640 a radiation Where are we still talking about it? So 0:15:09.680 --> 0:15:12.600 they're they're different, right, um, And they're they're different ways 0:15:12.600 --> 0:15:14.840 you can get contaminated. But I mean, if you stood 0:15:14.840 --> 0:15:16.760 there in front of an X ray machine long enough, 0:15:17.240 --> 0:15:20.320 you wouldn't be contaminated, but you could still have and 0:15:20.800 --> 0:15:24.560 you could still develop a cute radiation poisoning um, because 0:15:24.680 --> 0:15:29.040 the length of exposure would be long enough. Yeah, because 0:15:29.080 --> 0:15:31.040 you're just standing there like a jackass in front of 0:15:31.080 --> 0:15:34.080 an X ray machine turned on. It's a problem. Moved 0:15:34.120 --> 0:15:37.720 to the side, and X rays are safe. But I 0:15:37.800 --> 0:15:40.960 still get a little weirded out every time I go 0:15:41.040 --> 0:15:43.000 in there and like they put the lead vest on 0:15:43.120 --> 0:15:45.040 and then out of the run out of the room, 0:15:45.080 --> 0:15:48.480 like they detonated a bomb. Yeah, I'm I was like, 0:15:48.520 --> 0:15:51.920 oh wait a minute, um, especially like the mouth ones 0:15:51.920 --> 0:15:54.240 in your teeth which have gotten. Obviously a lot of 0:15:54.520 --> 0:15:56.960 you are supposed to UM, and I know you're in 0:15:56.960 --> 0:15:59.720 a You're in a ticklish situation in that case. But 0:16:00.720 --> 0:16:03.920 d Dennists like to take a lot of X rays 0:16:04.280 --> 0:16:08.640 is because they can charge and get insurance very I'm 0:16:08.680 --> 0:16:11.320 sure there are plenty of instances where you they do 0:16:11.440 --> 0:16:13.320 need a new set of X rays or whatever, and 0:16:13.360 --> 0:16:15.360 you do need to get them, but you should be 0:16:15.640 --> 0:16:19.440 UM a lot more prone to calling your last dentist 0:16:19.560 --> 0:16:21.640 if you're moving Dennis and saying I needs you to 0:16:21.680 --> 0:16:23.960 transfer those X rays and they should do it for free, 0:16:24.360 --> 0:16:27.800 willingly so you don't have to get another set, you know, 0:16:27.840 --> 0:16:30.520 if you change dentists, you know within a single year, 0:16:30.720 --> 0:16:33.240 you shouldn't have too many X rays. Now, cut down 0:16:33.240 --> 0:16:37.000 on that whenever you can. I've always had the suspicion 0:16:37.040 --> 0:16:39.800 that they give you the maximum allowable number of X 0:16:39.880 --> 0:16:43.440 rays that they can build for. Yeah, I don't know 0:16:43.440 --> 0:16:45.640 if I was just being cynical or if that's a 0:16:45.680 --> 0:16:49.640 real thing. And I feel like Dennis says a profession 0:16:49.720 --> 0:16:53.000 of really gotten into upselling in the last like decade, 0:16:54.600 --> 0:16:57.280 really upselling. I'm not saying anything you had done was 0:16:57.360 --> 0:17:01.000 up selling, but like there's a lot of like offers 0:17:01.080 --> 0:17:03.680 and and there's a lot of marketing that goes on 0:17:03.760 --> 0:17:07.800 during average dental visit. Now, yeah, from the dentist, there's 0:17:07.800 --> 0:17:12.320 a special uh liquid that they have it maybe fluoride. 0:17:12.400 --> 0:17:15.120 Now they think about it some you know the thing 0:17:15.160 --> 0:17:18.080 that they say and now here's your thing, and they say, 0:17:18.080 --> 0:17:20.199 rents with this for a minute and then you go 0:17:20.320 --> 0:17:23.560 leave and it's like fifty dollars for this rinse treatment. 0:17:23.600 --> 0:17:27.120 I'm like, you didn't even ask me if I wanted that. 0:17:27.480 --> 0:17:29.480 So this last time I went, I have to go 0:17:29.960 --> 0:17:35.000 four times a year now because I have short roots, um, 0:17:35.040 --> 0:17:37.080 which is my worst nightmare to have to double the 0:17:37.080 --> 0:17:40.080 amount of time at the dentist. Hate it. And that's 0:17:40.080 --> 0:17:42.280 not including any of my stupid tooth stuff. This is 0:17:42.320 --> 0:17:44.480 just for cleaning. Oh I see, Like I just have 0:17:44.520 --> 0:17:46.240 to go in four times a year now for cleaning. 0:17:46.840 --> 0:17:48.919 But do you have your own chair? I do? I 0:17:48.920 --> 0:17:52.560 should I certainly bought one by this point, but um, 0:17:52.600 --> 0:17:54.000 I went in this last time. I was like, all right, 0:17:54.000 --> 0:17:56.159 I'm not gonna I'm gonna decline that rents. I was 0:17:56.200 --> 0:17:59.439 so ready to fight with this lady, um, and she 0:17:59.480 --> 0:18:01.560 didn't give it to me. I think they can sense that. 0:18:02.320 --> 0:18:05.400 I really consense when you're paying attention. When's a good 0:18:05.400 --> 0:18:07.840 time to upsell, when's it, when's again? You gotta know 0:18:07.920 --> 0:18:10.040 when to hold them and no when to fold them. 0:18:10.160 --> 0:18:13.760 Is the new motto for for dentistry. All right, well 0:18:14.040 --> 0:18:15.959 we got on this because of X rays, and we're 0:18:15.960 --> 0:18:20.119 going to take a break and stop venting our frustrations 0:18:21.000 --> 0:18:22.919 and come back and talk a little bit more about 0:18:23.040 --> 0:18:47.080 ionizing radiation. You know what, it really stinks the dentist 0:18:48.480 --> 0:18:53.040 just kidding. Um. So Ed points out, if you're going 0:18:53.080 --> 0:18:59.040 to talk about radiation poisoning, Um, what you're looking at 0:18:59.160 --> 0:19:03.600 is a total dosage, and that includes different factors like 0:19:04.640 --> 0:19:07.320 what it came from, like we talked about with the alpha, 0:19:07.440 --> 0:19:11.120 beta or gamma rays, um, how much it was, how 0:19:11.160 --> 0:19:16.159 long you were exposed, how much was absorbed. It's not 0:19:16.280 --> 0:19:20.760 an exact science. It's taken as a total accumulative effect. Right. 0:19:20.800 --> 0:19:24.160 But the the sivert which takes all those things into account, 0:19:24.600 --> 0:19:27.200 is it's pretty close to exact science as far as 0:19:27.200 --> 0:19:32.320 measuring human absorption of radiation, right, Um. And so based 0:19:32.320 --> 0:19:35.800 on these calculations which I couldn't find anywhere, how you 0:19:36.080 --> 0:19:41.520 calculate siverts specifically, but apparently there are people who know 0:19:41.560 --> 0:19:44.720 how to do this right, and when you calculate siverts, 0:19:45.040 --> 0:19:47.959 you're able to say, okay, well, just flying in an 0:19:47.960 --> 0:19:51.920 airplane gets you x number of millisiverts or micro siverts 0:19:52.000 --> 0:19:55.879 on a five hour airplane flight or something like that, right, um, 0:19:55.960 --> 0:19:58.840 And we we've come to realize that just living on 0:19:58.920 --> 0:20:02.760 planet Earth, we are exposed to background radiation on the 0:20:02.880 --> 0:20:05.840 order of something like um I think three point six 0:20:05.880 --> 0:20:10.919 millisieverts per year. Yeah, that's point zero zero three six siverts, right, 0:20:11.359 --> 0:20:13.800 And that's that's fine, you can totally deal with that. 0:20:14.119 --> 0:20:16.399 It's when you start getting closer and closer to a 0:20:16.480 --> 0:20:20.600 full sivert because if you'll notice, think siver or radiation 0:20:20.640 --> 0:20:25.159 exposure is measured in millisieverts and even microceiver it's a 0:20:25.160 --> 0:20:28.080 million of a fever. Which we love those members, and 0:20:28.119 --> 0:20:30.320 we should say, you know, if you're getting an X 0:20:30.400 --> 0:20:32.200 ray at the dentist or something like that, you're getting 0:20:32.200 --> 0:20:38.320 a low level of of UM exposure to potentially deadly radiation. 0:20:38.400 --> 0:20:40.560 If if it were just if you were standing next 0:20:40.600 --> 0:20:43.159 to what's producing the X rays outside of an X 0:20:43.240 --> 0:20:45.840 ray machine and you're holding that you'd be a big 0:20:45.880 --> 0:20:48.560 trouble the fact that you're not exposed to it like that. 0:20:48.600 --> 0:20:51.440 You're exposed to doses that, as far as we understand 0:20:51.480 --> 0:20:54.320 scientifically right now, the human can take and it's not 0:20:54.359 --> 0:20:56.600 going to have any adverse effects. It's when you start 0:20:56.600 --> 0:20:59.680 getting closer to a full sivert that you really run 0:20:59.720 --> 0:21:03.159 the risk of acute radiation poisoning. Yeah, like point seven 0:21:03.200 --> 0:21:06.479 five siverts will get you sick, um and weaken your 0:21:06.480 --> 0:21:11.080 immune system. Three siverts. Uh, you need medical attention or 0:21:11.160 --> 0:21:14.399 you will probably die. Um, but you will probably live 0:21:14.440 --> 0:21:16.880 if you do have medical care. Um, if you get 0:21:16.880 --> 0:21:19.600 a dose of tin siverts at once, you are dead. 0:21:20.440 --> 0:21:22.800 Even if you do get medical care. That's like a 0:21:22.800 --> 0:21:26.120 death sentence basically. Um. But you're not going to encounter 0:21:26.200 --> 0:21:29.879 that at all. So you don't need to worry about 0:21:29.920 --> 0:21:32.400 that unless you work in a lab or something and 0:21:32.400 --> 0:21:34.720 there's an accident, yeah, which we'll talk about some of 0:21:34.720 --> 0:21:38.240 those that have happened. But um, tin siverts is really 0:21:38.240 --> 0:21:44.239 bad news. Yeah. Um, between ten, I'm sorry, between one 0:21:44.280 --> 0:21:47.359 and ten, you got about a fifty chance of dying 0:21:47.440 --> 0:21:52.560 within a month. And if it's uh, a less if 0:21:52.600 --> 0:21:55.680 it's not just one big blast, and it's over time, 0:21:56.119 --> 0:21:58.720 then it's your odds are a little bit better, totally different, 0:21:58.840 --> 0:22:02.359 but it's a totally different, like prolonged exposure is different 0:22:02.400 --> 0:22:07.200 than the kind of acute exposure that that creates radiation sickness. Right, 0:22:07.720 --> 0:22:10.920 and Ed points out to the factors that are included 0:22:10.960 --> 0:22:15.200 in the formulation of a Sivert radiation dose is they're 0:22:15.240 --> 0:22:18.720 not absolute. It's not like, hey, buddy, here's ten doses 0:22:18.800 --> 0:22:22.200 or here's ten siverts of radiation your toast. It would 0:22:22.200 --> 0:22:24.720 be slightly I think that actually probably is absolute. But 0:22:24.760 --> 0:22:28.040 let's say too, it's going to be different depending on 0:22:28.119 --> 0:22:30.760 where you were exposed, what part of your body, how 0:22:30.800 --> 0:22:35.000 old you are, what kind of immune health you have, um, 0:22:35.080 --> 0:22:38.560 and a number of different factors, the type of particle 0:22:38.640 --> 0:22:41.520 that you're exposed to. So it's different. But for the 0:22:41.520 --> 0:22:43.679 most part, once you get higher and higher along the 0:22:43.720 --> 0:22:46.760 Sivert scale, it does become kind of absolute as far 0:22:46.800 --> 0:22:51.520 as human mortality is concerned. Uh, if you do get exposed, 0:22:51.840 --> 0:22:55.800 you're going to get sick very very quickly. Um. I 0:22:55.800 --> 0:22:59.560 mean sometimes it's like you immediately start vomiting or lose 0:22:59.560 --> 0:23:03.640 conscious Yeah, your body is just so immediately poisoned. Um. 0:23:03.680 --> 0:23:08.560 It's hardcore nausea, diarrhea, headache, fever. Um. Like you said, 0:23:08.600 --> 0:23:11.359 you can be knocked unconscious. And I looked everywhere to 0:23:11.400 --> 0:23:14.719 find out what happens that makes you lose consciousness, and 0:23:14.760 --> 0:23:17.800 I have the impression that they don't really know. It 0:23:17.840 --> 0:23:20.800 doesn't make sense. What what about radiotion makes you lose 0:23:20.840 --> 0:23:25.080 consciousness unless it just completely alters the effects of your 0:23:25.880 --> 0:23:29.760 or the the action of your neurons. I guess. Yeah, 0:23:29.840 --> 0:23:32.680 see you get a little more inquisitive about that stuff. 0:23:32.720 --> 0:23:34.639 I hear that, and I just think, you know, your 0:23:34.640 --> 0:23:38.639 brain just overloads. Well, now I'm like, what happened? Why that? 0:23:38.720 --> 0:23:41.840 Why that? Why that person just lose consciousness by being 0:23:41.880 --> 0:23:44.320 exposed to an X ray machine? That's not good? What's 0:23:44.320 --> 0:23:47.280 the science behind that? That's what I sound like in 0:23:47.359 --> 0:23:53.760 my head? Um burns on the body. We talked about 0:23:53.760 --> 0:23:59.280 external exposure, UM, bad scarring. Uh. There's something called a 0:23:59.359 --> 0:24:02.919 latent period after that initial set of symptoms. Yeah, this 0:24:02.960 --> 0:24:06.240 is just mean where you don't have symptoms, you get better. Yeah, 0:24:06.400 --> 0:24:09.000