1 00:00:01,200 --> 00:00:04,640 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know from House Stuff Works 2 00:00:04,680 --> 00:00:13,399 Speaker 1: dot com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark, 3 00:00:13,440 --> 00:00:16,400 Speaker 1: and there's Charles W Chuck Bryant, and there's Jerry over there. 4 00:00:16,520 --> 00:00:20,320 Speaker 1: So this is, as they say, stuff you should know. 5 00:00:20,680 --> 00:00:25,200 Speaker 1: Who's who? Is that? Me? Okay? Just me? Gotcha? No 6 00:00:25,200 --> 00:00:29,040 Speaker 1: one else calls it this. Everybody called it that. Um, 7 00:00:30,800 --> 00:00:33,520 Speaker 1: what do you call that? That's what they call it, right, 8 00:00:34,960 --> 00:00:39,080 Speaker 1: you know the one with the dudes, right, it was Rambalan, Right, 9 00:00:39,760 --> 00:00:43,080 Speaker 1: go on, tangents, Oh stuff, you should know. I have 10 00:00:43,159 --> 00:00:48,360 Speaker 1: a family member that even you know, not blood relative. 11 00:00:48,560 --> 00:00:51,320 Speaker 1: I'll just say that who A couple of years ago, 12 00:00:51,360 --> 00:00:54,480 Speaker 1: were like, you know you guys, you need to get 13 00:00:54,520 --> 00:00:58,640 Speaker 1: to the point. You can't even Sometimes it's like six 14 00:00:58,840 --> 00:01:00,800 Speaker 1: to ten minutes of stuff before you even start talking 15 00:01:00,840 --> 00:01:05,640 Speaker 1: about the thing. It's like a no, sir, glad you 16 00:01:05,720 --> 00:01:09,119 Speaker 1: enjoy it. This is not someone I see a lot. 17 00:01:10,160 --> 00:01:14,960 Speaker 1: I'm just trying to be vague. Would he know who who? 18 00:01:14,959 --> 00:01:18,000 Speaker 1: He probably didn't even remember saying this. It was at 19 00:01:18,000 --> 00:01:21,200 Speaker 1: a party or something. No, I'm just I'm banking on 20 00:01:21,280 --> 00:01:26,000 Speaker 1: that maybe if I see him again, he'll say, I 21 00:01:26,120 --> 00:01:28,039 Speaker 1: know what you were saying. I heard your message. I 22 00:01:28,080 --> 00:01:31,680 Speaker 1: know you were talking a thinly veiled message. Right. It 23 00:01:31,840 --> 00:01:34,119 Speaker 1: came on the heels of the neighbor's dog telling me 24 00:01:34,480 --> 00:01:37,520 Speaker 1: to do stuff I didn't want to do. Right, Here's 25 00:01:37,560 --> 00:01:40,679 Speaker 1: messages everywhere. That's what I'm trying to say. He's not 26 00:01:40,720 --> 00:01:45,000 Speaker 1: the son of Sam No, no, David Berkowitz. Right, Yeah, 27 00:01:45,400 --> 00:01:48,640 Speaker 1: we should do a show on him. We really should. Well, 28 00:01:48,760 --> 00:01:52,480 Speaker 1: you know what, we should do a show where we 29 00:01:52,560 --> 00:01:54,920 Speaker 1: talk about all the ones that we said we would 30 00:01:54,960 --> 00:01:58,680 Speaker 1: do a show on and just forgot. Just a list, Yeah, 31 00:01:59,720 --> 00:02:04,560 Speaker 1: the David Berkowitz number twenty eight to start some Andy 32 00:02:04,640 --> 00:02:08,240 Speaker 1: Kaufman esque thing, to see how much will people take 33 00:02:08,639 --> 00:02:11,359 Speaker 1: before they hate us. I wrote a really cool Rolling 34 00:02:11,360 --> 00:02:15,079 Speaker 1: Stone profile of him from like nineteen eighty one maybe 35 00:02:15,120 --> 00:02:19,360 Speaker 1: something like that, really really good um on Andy Kaufmann 36 00:02:19,440 --> 00:02:22,360 Speaker 1: Uh huh. Yeah, he's a really interesting cat. I know 37 00:02:22,840 --> 00:02:25,639 Speaker 1: he was basically just doing it all for himself. Yeah, 38 00:02:25,680 --> 00:02:27,919 Speaker 1: that's why he was in the comedy, just to amuse 39 00:02:27,960 --> 00:02:32,800 Speaker 1: himself nobody else. Yeah. So it takes a lot of colonists, 40 00:02:33,160 --> 00:02:35,959 Speaker 1: and I think he inspired a lot of people who 41 00:02:36,040 --> 00:02:39,519 Speaker 1: ended up bastardizing what he did too. I think a 42 00:02:39,560 --> 00:02:41,760 Speaker 1: lot of people that thought they followed in his footsteps, 43 00:02:41,760 --> 00:02:45,880 Speaker 1: brought a mean spirit like Bob Newhart to things, to 44 00:02:46,000 --> 00:02:50,320 Speaker 1: their to their work. Uh, like Gilbert Godfrey. No like 45 00:02:50,720 --> 00:02:56,720 Speaker 1: you know, um, like you know and stuff like that, 46 00:02:56,760 --> 00:02:59,840 Speaker 1: where you're where you're masquerading as someone to get a 47 00:03:00,040 --> 00:03:04,960 Speaker 1: eyes out of somebody, but the jokes really on that person. Yeah. 48 00:03:04,240 --> 00:03:07,040 Speaker 1: I mean, I like bored at two, But I don't 49 00:03:07,080 --> 00:03:10,360 Speaker 1: think any Kaufman. I think he always had a sweetness 50 00:03:10,480 --> 00:03:12,600 Speaker 1: about him. I see what you mean. I don't think 51 00:03:12,600 --> 00:03:15,000 Speaker 1: he's ever mean spirited and tried to make other people 52 00:03:15,040 --> 00:03:19,880 Speaker 1: look dumb. Yeah, yeah, that's my dumb opinion. I think 53 00:03:19,880 --> 00:03:24,400 Speaker 1: the joke wasn't between him and the audience on another person. 54 00:03:24,720 --> 00:03:27,480 Speaker 1: The joke was on the audience, and the joke was 55 00:03:27,520 --> 00:03:31,080 Speaker 1: to himself. Yeah, it was between him and himself. Whereas 56 00:03:31,120 --> 00:03:37,040 Speaker 1: with like um, Sasha Baron Cohen, you're laughing, everybody's laughing 57 00:03:37,040 --> 00:03:40,240 Speaker 1: at Ron Paul right, you know, well, like you know 58 00:03:40,280 --> 00:03:41,600 Speaker 1: you saw did you See a Man on the Moon? 59 00:03:41,680 --> 00:03:44,520 Speaker 1: The movie? I was in a long time. It was good. 60 00:03:44,560 --> 00:03:47,320 Speaker 1: And when he uh first did the wrestling thing with 61 00:03:47,360 --> 00:03:50,360 Speaker 1: his future wife and afterwards she was so mad and 62 00:03:50,360 --> 00:03:52,640 Speaker 1: he was like wasn't that great? Like, you were so terrific, 63 00:03:52,680 --> 00:03:55,440 Speaker 1: you were wonderful, And she's like, what what's going on? 64 00:03:55,920 --> 00:03:58,280 Speaker 1: He's like, that was such a great performance and she 65 00:03:58,400 --> 00:04:03,440 Speaker 1: was like, oh you were some jerk? Was that Courtney Love? Yeah? 66 00:04:04,120 --> 00:04:08,760 Speaker 1: What a bizarre casting, I know. So that's a radiation 67 00:04:08,840 --> 00:04:13,120 Speaker 1: sickness is intro. Man, Well, we had to mention something 68 00:04:13,200 --> 00:04:16,640 Speaker 1: light because this isn't no, this is this is rough stuff, 69 00:04:16,920 --> 00:04:19,960 Speaker 1: pretty heavy. The one good thing about radiation this is 70 00:04:20,000 --> 00:04:22,200 Speaker 1: a grab Star article, by the way, is that the 71 00:04:22,200 --> 00:04:24,720 Speaker 1: one good thing about it? Yeah, And the one good 72 00:04:24,760 --> 00:04:27,800 Speaker 1: thing about radiation sickness is it's surprisingly tough to get 73 00:04:28,279 --> 00:04:31,640 Speaker 1: most people who just go about their average day exposed 74 00:04:31,640 --> 00:04:37,479 Speaker 1: the sunlight or um you know, even microwave in their coffee, yes, yes, 75 00:04:37,680 --> 00:04:41,120 Speaker 1: or you know, tuning in their favorite radio program while 76 00:04:41,160 --> 00:04:45,880 Speaker 1: it's around still um or I'm talking on their cell phone. 77 00:04:45,880 --> 00:04:48,719 Speaker 1: That's another controversial one. Sure, you're not going to get 78 00:04:49,240 --> 00:04:52,000 Speaker 1: radiation sickness. And the reason why you may get cancer 79 00:04:52,080 --> 00:04:56,080 Speaker 1: from these things who knows. But the you're not gonna 80 00:04:56,080 --> 00:05:00,520 Speaker 1: get radiation sickness because that the energy, the radiation coming 81 00:05:00,560 --> 00:05:02,560 Speaker 1: from these things like your cell phone, from the sun, 82 00:05:03,200 --> 00:05:06,320 Speaker 1: from the microwave are of a low enough frequency and 83 00:05:06,360 --> 00:05:09,120 Speaker 1: a low enough energy that they don't have the potential 84 00:05:09,200 --> 00:05:16,000 Speaker 1: to ionize. Um, they create ionizing radiation, which is, oh, well, 85 00:05:16,040 --> 00:05:20,880 Speaker 1: that's where a that's where radiation knocks an electron off 86 00:05:20,880 --> 00:05:24,200 Speaker 1: of an atom that's creating an ion, and ions can 87 00:05:24,320 --> 00:05:28,559 Speaker 1: wreak serious havoc. Yeah, in a in a human body 88 00:05:28,600 --> 00:05:32,240 Speaker 1: in particular. Yeah, so you're not gonna in fact, even 89 00:05:32,240 --> 00:05:34,320 Speaker 1: the cancer that you might get one day due to 90 00:05:35,240 --> 00:05:37,960 Speaker 1: long term exposure to your cell phone, if that's even 91 00:05:38,000 --> 00:05:42,360 Speaker 1: a thing. Um, that's not called radiation sickness. If you 92 00:05:42,920 --> 00:05:46,880 Speaker 1: worked at a power plant that leaked and ended up 93 00:05:46,880 --> 00:05:50,159 Speaker 1: getting cancer, that's not even considered radiation sickness. Or if 94 00:05:50,200 --> 00:05:53,240 Speaker 1: you're an X ray technician and you get radiation poisoning 95 00:05:53,360 --> 00:05:57,640 Speaker 1: or cancer years later, it's still not radiation sickness. Radiation 96 00:05:57,680 --> 00:06:00,440 Speaker 1: sickness is where you are hit with such a huge 97 00:06:01,000 --> 00:06:08,320 Speaker 1: immediate dose of ionizing radiation that you die pretty quickly 98 00:06:08,400 --> 00:06:11,680 Speaker 1: from it, and you're going to also experience immediate symptoms, 99 00:06:12,040 --> 00:06:16,000 Speaker 1: or you become the incredible hulk right in the court 100 00:06:16,080 --> 00:06:19,440 Speaker 1: in the in the case of gamma rays, it was gamma, 101 00:06:19,520 --> 00:06:21,919 Speaker 1: wasn't it. I think so right, Yeah, he wouldn't have 102 00:06:21,960 --> 00:06:26,440 Speaker 1: turned into a monster. That's that's fictitious. He instead would 103 00:06:26,440 --> 00:06:32,400 Speaker 1: have um possibly lost consciousness, maybe had diarrhea, vomited. Uh. 104 00:06:32,440 --> 00:06:34,839 Speaker 1: He probably would have had blistered skin that would have 105 00:06:34,880 --> 00:06:37,760 Speaker 1: never fully healed and would have formed scars under the 106 00:06:37,880 --> 00:06:42,359 Speaker 1: skin called kelloid's scars that eventually you are outside of 107 00:06:42,400 --> 00:06:44,479 Speaker 1: the skin. Yeah, and and then it would have just 108 00:06:44,520 --> 00:06:48,200 Speaker 1: gotten even worse. But we're getting ahead of ourselves, aren't we. Well, 109 00:06:48,279 --> 00:06:54,000 Speaker 1: what people should know what they're getting into. So, radiation 110 00:06:54,040 --> 00:07:00,520 Speaker 1: sickness is an acute situation, and it's accumulative effect. Um, 111 00:07:00,560 --> 00:07:05,839 Speaker 1: after you get that acute dose of radiation poisoning, there's 112 00:07:05,839 --> 00:07:08,400 Speaker 1: another way to call it. Uh. And there are three 113 00:07:08,600 --> 00:07:13,040 Speaker 1: kinds of ionizing radiation? Or is this article that the grabster? 114 00:07:13,240 --> 00:07:14,960 Speaker 1: He had a couple of nice little clips in here? 115 00:07:15,280 --> 00:07:20,560 Speaker 1: Did you notice the Neil Young. It would have to 116 00:07:20,600 --> 00:07:23,320 Speaker 1: say dash Neil Young after it for me, and he 117 00:07:23,360 --> 00:07:26,760 Speaker 1: still wouldn't get it. Well. One of his his paragraphs 118 00:07:26,840 --> 00:07:30,120 Speaker 1: is entitled ionizing radiation and the damage Done. I think 119 00:07:30,120 --> 00:07:32,440 Speaker 1: he was playing on the needle and the damage done. 120 00:07:32,520 --> 00:07:36,520 Speaker 1: Maybe probably Neil Young song, he's a cool cat, grabs 121 00:07:35,720 --> 00:07:40,840 Speaker 1: the so um like, he says. It's comes in three flavors, 122 00:07:41,200 --> 00:07:44,880 Speaker 1: alpha particles, bata particles, and the gamma raise the aforementioned 123 00:07:44,920 --> 00:07:48,520 Speaker 1: gamma rays alpha particles. The good news is they're the 124 00:07:48,600 --> 00:07:54,200 Speaker 1: least dangerous uh for external exposure. And the other good 125 00:07:54,280 --> 00:07:57,080 Speaker 1: news is your T shirt. Well, you're not wearing a 126 00:07:57,120 --> 00:08:01,000 Speaker 1: T shirt. I'm wearing one underneath my undershirt. Well, then 127 00:08:01,000 --> 00:08:05,080 Speaker 1: you're doubly protected, your friend, because your clothing is even 128 00:08:05,320 --> 00:08:10,400 Speaker 1: um strong enough to stop an external alpha particle. Right, 129 00:08:11,000 --> 00:08:13,840 Speaker 1: they just bounce harmlessly off of your clothing, that's right, 130 00:08:13,960 --> 00:08:16,600 Speaker 1: and go want want Right, So you would think that 131 00:08:16,800 --> 00:08:19,520 Speaker 1: they're not dangerous at all. Not true, because you can 132 00:08:19,520 --> 00:08:22,960 Speaker 1: still inhale this stuff uh and ingest it in the 133 00:08:23,000 --> 00:08:27,160 Speaker 1: form of radon gas. And that's where things can get bad. Yeah. 134 00:08:27,200 --> 00:08:32,200 Speaker 1: When you ingest um a radioactive particle, an ionizing particle, 135 00:08:32,559 --> 00:08:36,640 Speaker 1: you um, it gets into your body, it gets transported around, 136 00:08:36,840 --> 00:08:39,760 Speaker 1: and as it does, it goes through and it's like, hey, Adam, 137 00:08:39,800 --> 00:08:41,839 Speaker 1: good to meet you. I'm gonna knock this electron off. 138 00:08:41,840 --> 00:08:44,320 Speaker 1: And now you're a free radical. If you're a water molecule, 139 00:08:44,679 --> 00:08:47,280 Speaker 1: and if you're gonna that's the way we say molecule 140 00:08:47,360 --> 00:08:49,840 Speaker 1: from now on, by the way, and you're gonna go 141 00:08:49,880 --> 00:08:53,000 Speaker 1: off and reak havoc on other stuff, right because when 142 00:08:53,000 --> 00:08:58,880 Speaker 1: this when the um, when the the radioactive particle interacts 143 00:08:58,880 --> 00:09:01,679 Speaker 1: with an atom and knocks the electron off, that's not 144 00:09:01,760 --> 00:09:05,520 Speaker 1: the only damage done. When that electron is released or 145 00:09:05,559 --> 00:09:10,000 Speaker 1: knocked off, energy in the form of what thirty three 146 00:09:10,240 --> 00:09:16,240 Speaker 1: electron volts thirty three evs are released, and that weakens 147 00:09:16,280 --> 00:09:19,000 Speaker 1: the chemical bonds holding the atom together. So it just 148 00:09:19,080 --> 00:09:22,640 Speaker 1: totally alters the structure of the atom. Right. Well, when 149 00:09:22,640 --> 00:09:26,160 Speaker 1: you're altering the structure of an atom, atoms make up molecules, 150 00:09:26,200 --> 00:09:28,720 Speaker 1: so you alter the structure of the molecule. When you're 151 00:09:28,760 --> 00:09:32,200 Speaker 1: talking about molecules, these things make up the basis of everything, 152 00:09:32,280 --> 00:09:34,920 Speaker 1: from the proteins that are expressed in your body that 153 00:09:34,960 --> 00:09:38,560 Speaker 1: carry out functions, to the cells that house these functions 154 00:09:38,600 --> 00:09:41,400 Speaker 1: their act as factories. And all of a sudden you 155 00:09:41,480 --> 00:09:45,760 Speaker 1: have all these weird alterations and like flawed and damaged 156 00:09:46,280 --> 00:09:50,320 Speaker 1: um processes in your body, and it leads to systemic 157 00:09:50,400 --> 00:09:54,880 Speaker 1: malfunction which leads to your at least severe illness, if 158 00:09:54,920 --> 00:09:57,079 Speaker 1: not death. And all of this has to do with 159 00:09:57,240 --> 00:10:00,360 Speaker 1: these little particles going through your body and bombar and 160 00:10:00,440 --> 00:10:03,199 Speaker 1: knocking electrons off of their atoms. Yeah, and we'll get 161 00:10:03,200 --> 00:10:07,440 Speaker 1: into the um specifics of how much is too much 162 00:10:07,679 --> 00:10:11,120 Speaker 1: in a bit. But to continue, the beta particles are 163 00:10:11,160 --> 00:10:14,800 Speaker 1: next up. They move very fastly with a lot of energy, 164 00:10:15,360 --> 00:10:19,040 Speaker 1: and can travel a few feet when they're admitted from 165 00:10:19,040 --> 00:10:22,360 Speaker 1: its source. The good news here is is that they 166 00:10:22,400 --> 00:10:25,600 Speaker 1: can be blocked out by solid objects. Not your clothing, 167 00:10:26,400 --> 00:10:30,920 Speaker 1: it's not solid enough, but like concrete or for Micah, 168 00:10:31,320 --> 00:10:37,480 Speaker 1: if you were fighting under your kitchen counter, probably I 169 00:10:37,559 --> 00:10:40,040 Speaker 1: like for Mica still it still has its you have 170 00:10:40,080 --> 00:10:42,360 Speaker 1: what do you have like marble or quartz or some No, 171 00:10:42,600 --> 00:10:45,720 Speaker 1: my my dining room table is would no, no, no, 172 00:10:45,760 --> 00:10:49,440 Speaker 1: your kitchen counter like if you got into a cabinet. Yeah, 173 00:10:49,520 --> 00:10:52,880 Speaker 1: you know, I don't know what my countertop is. I should. 174 00:10:52,920 --> 00:10:55,480 Speaker 1: I thought it was something, but then when I redid 175 00:10:55,640 --> 00:10:58,679 Speaker 1: my kitchen and went to cut it, it's black and stone, right, 176 00:10:59,320 --> 00:11:03,000 Speaker 1: that's sort of the brownish thing. Now, I don't think 177 00:11:03,000 --> 00:11:05,400 Speaker 1: it's a real stone. You went to cut it and 178 00:11:05,400 --> 00:11:08,280 Speaker 1: did it just like completely mangle your ACKs off? No, 179 00:11:08,480 --> 00:11:11,160 Speaker 1: because I got the right kind of blade. Um. I 180 00:11:11,200 --> 00:11:14,080 Speaker 1: did my research, but it was it was not what 181 00:11:14,120 --> 00:11:16,320 Speaker 1: I thought it was. And it's impossible to find this 182 00:11:16,400 --> 00:11:19,400 Speaker 1: stuff now. Yeah, so we're just kind of begin to 183 00:11:19,400 --> 00:11:21,560 Speaker 1: redo your countertops. Well at some point we have to. 184 00:11:21,640 --> 00:11:25,120 Speaker 1: Are you going to redo them? No? Okay, that's gonna say. 185 00:11:25,160 --> 00:11:28,319 Speaker 1: That's wow. That project right there. I tried to make 186 00:11:28,360 --> 00:11:33,200 Speaker 1: my own concrete countertop you know those? Yeah, yeah, and 187 00:11:33,280 --> 00:11:35,560 Speaker 1: you can do it yourself. I didn't know that. Yeah, 188 00:11:35,640 --> 00:11:38,320 Speaker 1: you build a frame and you pour the stuff and um, 189 00:11:38,480 --> 00:11:42,520 Speaker 1: but it was it turned out okay for a first try, 190 00:11:42,559 --> 00:11:44,880 Speaker 1: but not good enough. Yeah, you don't want okay for 191 00:11:44,920 --> 00:11:47,440 Speaker 1: the first try for your kitchen counters. Man, that stuff 192 00:11:47,480 --> 00:11:51,280 Speaker 1: is heavy. Yeah, it's concrete and breaks easily if you 193 00:11:51,360 --> 00:11:53,800 Speaker 1: drop it or if you just like are carving a turkey. 194 00:11:53,840 --> 00:11:55,480 Speaker 1: If it's if you have too long of a piece 195 00:11:55,520 --> 00:11:57,559 Speaker 1: and like you just have a person on each end 196 00:11:57,840 --> 00:12:00,640 Speaker 1: can snap in half. You know you need a short 197 00:12:00,679 --> 00:12:05,600 Speaker 1: person in the middle. Yeah, with a hard head. Uh. Anyway, 198 00:12:06,080 --> 00:12:09,720 Speaker 1: beta particles, Uh, like we said, where were we what 199 00:12:09,760 --> 00:12:12,520 Speaker 1: they can move through? Um? The problem with the beta 200 00:12:12,559 --> 00:12:15,439 Speaker 1: particles is they're tiny, eight thousand times smaller than the 201 00:12:15,480 --> 00:12:18,960 Speaker 1: alpha particle. Uh, and that means it can penetrate through 202 00:12:19,000 --> 00:12:22,520 Speaker 1: your clothing. Into your skin. Uh. This is the stuff 203 00:12:22,559 --> 00:12:27,160 Speaker 1: that if it enters the local food supply or the groundwater, uh, 204 00:12:27,160 --> 00:12:29,120 Speaker 1: and it gets in the body that way, you can 205 00:12:29,160 --> 00:12:33,840 Speaker 1: inhale it. Then you're in big trouble. Right, any time 206 00:12:33,880 --> 00:12:36,960 Speaker 1: this stuff gets into your body, you're in big trouble. Yeah, 207 00:12:36,960 --> 00:12:38,480 Speaker 1: and we should do you want to talk a real 208 00:12:38,559 --> 00:12:41,760 Speaker 1: quick here about the difference between a radiation and contamination. 209 00:12:41,800 --> 00:12:44,200 Speaker 1: Did you see that? Yeah, Well, let's finish gamma quickly 210 00:12:44,640 --> 00:12:46,839 Speaker 1: because I feel like gammas just sort of sitting out 211 00:12:46,880 --> 00:12:52,040 Speaker 1: there sad. Yeah, Gamma smash, gamma raise. They're the most dangerous, 212 00:12:52,360 --> 00:12:56,480 Speaker 1: very high energy, uh, and can travel through most anything, 213 00:12:56,520 --> 00:13:00,000 Speaker 1: which is why anything with gamma rays is gonna be 214 00:13:00,040 --> 00:13:02,600 Speaker 1: lined with like a few inches of lead or several 215 00:13:02,600 --> 00:13:07,280 Speaker 1: feet of concrete or both to block those gamma rays. Um. 216 00:13:07,640 --> 00:13:10,040 Speaker 1: And this is the stuff that gets in your bone, 217 00:13:10,080 --> 00:13:13,760 Speaker 1: marrow and your toast. Yeah. This stuff just goes right 218 00:13:13,760 --> 00:13:15,800 Speaker 1: through your body all the way through. And as it does, 219 00:13:15,880 --> 00:13:19,720 Speaker 1: it's it's just think of like these radioactive particles as 220 00:13:20,120 --> 00:13:25,640 Speaker 1: tiny bullets that are ricocheting around. Electron seeking bullets are 221 00:13:25,760 --> 00:13:29,280 Speaker 1: just going after your atoms with a vengeance. They're dying 222 00:13:29,320 --> 00:13:35,920 Speaker 1: hard with a vengeance. So contamination versus a radiation. Uh, 223 00:13:35,960 --> 00:13:38,680 Speaker 1: that's two ways that you can be dosed, and they're 224 00:13:38,720 --> 00:13:43,480 Speaker 1: both a little different. Yeah. So, so contamination is what 225 00:13:43,559 --> 00:13:46,560 Speaker 1: it sounds like. It's where you actually have uh, some 226 00:13:46,600 --> 00:13:49,240 Speaker 1: sort of radioactive material maybe like a liquid or a 227 00:13:49,240 --> 00:13:53,040 Speaker 1: powder or something on your body, on your clothing. In 228 00:13:53,200 --> 00:13:56,880 Speaker 1: your body is even worse. But you are, for all 229 00:13:56,920 --> 00:14:00,719 Speaker 1: intents and purposes, radioactive. You can transfer that radioactivity to 230 00:14:00,840 --> 00:14:04,080 Speaker 1: other people. You're contaminated. Like you said, it's still pinging 231 00:14:04,080 --> 00:14:06,600 Speaker 1: around in your body. Yeah, when it gets into your body, 232 00:14:06,600 --> 00:14:10,080 Speaker 1: it can be transported through your blood, through other processes 233 00:14:10,080 --> 00:14:13,640 Speaker 1: to transport processes in your body, and it's just reaking 234 00:14:13,720 --> 00:14:17,720 Speaker 1: havoc everywhere. Um. And it reeks the most havoc on 235 00:14:17,960 --> 00:14:23,200 Speaker 1: places where cells regenerate the fastest. Um, because the damage 236 00:14:23,240 --> 00:14:28,480 Speaker 1: is done and spread more quickly. Right. Um. But that's contamination. 237 00:14:28,560 --> 00:14:32,960 Speaker 1: You're radioactive. You can spread the radioactivity if you're contaminated. 238 00:14:33,080 --> 00:14:36,600 Speaker 1: A radiation is different. Yeah, that's when like when you 239 00:14:36,640 --> 00:14:39,880 Speaker 1: go to get your X chest X ray, you are 240 00:14:40,200 --> 00:14:47,760 Speaker 1: technically getting irradiation, uh, irradiated irradiated. Um. The difference is 241 00:14:47,960 --> 00:14:50,920 Speaker 1: you're not coming into actual contact uh. And when the 242 00:14:50,960 --> 00:14:54,600 Speaker 1: sources turn when they shut off that machine, it's over right, 243 00:14:54,600 --> 00:14:57,160 Speaker 1: You're you're no longer you're not radioactive, so you can't 244 00:14:57,160 --> 00:15:00,280 Speaker 1: make other people radioactive and you're you're not just sitting 245 00:15:00,320 --> 00:15:04,400 Speaker 1: there with radioactive particles in your body. It's done. It's done, 246 00:15:04,800 --> 00:15:07,120 Speaker 1: leaving in the past. That's right, is the motto of 247 00:15:07,160 --> 00:15:09,640 Speaker 1: a radiation Where are we still talking about it? So 248 00:15:09,680 --> 00:15:12,600 Speaker 1: they're they're different, right, um, And they're they're different ways 249 00:15:12,600 --> 00:15:14,840 Speaker 1: you can get contaminated. But I mean, if you stood 250 00:15:14,840 --> 00:15:16,760 Speaker 1: there in front of an X ray machine long enough, 251 00:15:17,240 --> 00:15:20,320 Speaker 1: you wouldn't be contaminated, but you could still have and 252 00:15:20,800 --> 00:15:24,560 Speaker 1: you could still develop a cute radiation poisoning um, because 253 00:15:24,680 --> 00:15:29,040 Speaker 1: the length of exposure would be long enough. Yeah, because 254 00:15:29,080 --> 00:15:31,040 Speaker 1: you're just standing there like a jackass in front of 255 00:15:31,080 --> 00:15:34,080 Speaker 1: an X ray machine turned on. It's a problem. Moved 256 00:15:34,120 --> 00:15:37,720 Speaker 1: to the side, and X rays are safe. But I 257 00:15:37,800 --> 00:15:40,960 Speaker 1: still get a little weirded out every time I go 258 00:15:41,040 --> 00:15:43,000 Speaker 1: in there and like they put the lead vest on 259 00:15:43,120 --> 00:15:45,040 Speaker 1: and then out of the run out of the room, 260 00:15:45,080 --> 00:15:48,480 Speaker 1: like they detonated a bomb. Yeah, I'm I was like, 261 00:15:48,520 --> 00:15:51,920 Speaker 1: oh wait a minute, um, especially like the mouth ones 262 00:15:51,920 --> 00:15:54,240 Speaker 1: in your teeth which have gotten. Obviously a lot of 263 00:15:54,520 --> 00:15:56,960 Speaker 1: you are supposed to UM, and I know you're in 264 00:15:56,960 --> 00:15:59,720 Speaker 1: a You're in a ticklish situation in that case. But 265 00:16:00,720 --> 00:16:03,920 Speaker 1: d Dennists like to take a lot of X rays 266 00:16:04,280 --> 00:16:08,640 Speaker 1: is because they can charge and get insurance very I'm 267 00:16:08,680 --> 00:16:11,320 Speaker 1: sure there are plenty of instances where you they do 268 00:16:11,440 --> 00:16:13,320 Speaker 1: need a new set of X rays or whatever, and 269 00:16:13,360 --> 00:16:15,360 Speaker 1: you do need to get them, but you should be 270 00:16:15,640 --> 00:16:19,440 Speaker 1: UM a lot more prone to calling your last dentist 271 00:16:19,560 --> 00:16:21,640 Speaker 1: if you're moving Dennis and saying I needs you to 272 00:16:21,680 --> 00:16:23,960 Speaker 1: transfer those X rays and they should do it for free, 273 00:16:24,360 --> 00:16:27,800 Speaker 1: willingly so you don't have to get another set, you know, 274 00:16:27,840 --> 00:16:30,520 Speaker 1: if you change dentists, you know within a single year, 275 00:16:30,720 --> 00:16:33,240 Speaker 1: you shouldn't have too many X rays. Now, cut down 276 00:16:33,240 --> 00:16:37,000 Speaker 1: on that whenever you can. I've always had the suspicion 277 00:16:37,040 --> 00:16:39,800 Speaker 1: that they give you the maximum allowable number of X 278 00:16:39,880 --> 00:16:43,440 Speaker 1: rays that they can build for. Yeah, I don't know 279 00:16:43,440 --> 00:16:45,640 Speaker 1: if I was just being cynical or if that's a 280 00:16:45,680 --> 00:16:49,640 Speaker 1: real thing. And I feel like Dennis says a profession 281 00:16:49,720 --> 00:16:53,000 Speaker 1: of really gotten into upselling in the last like decade, 282 00:16:54,600 --> 00:16:57,280 Speaker 1: really upselling. I'm not saying anything you had done was 283 00:16:57,360 --> 00:17:01,000 Speaker 1: up selling, but like there's a lot of like offers 284 00:17:01,080 --> 00:17:03,680 Speaker 1: and and there's a lot of marketing that goes on 285 00:17:03,760 --> 00:17:07,800 Speaker 1: during average dental visit. Now, yeah, from the dentist, there's 286 00:17:07,800 --> 00:17:12,320 Speaker 1: a special uh liquid that they have it maybe fluoride. 287 00:17:12,400 --> 00:17:15,120 Speaker 1: Now they think about it some you know the thing 288 00:17:15,160 --> 00:17:18,080 Speaker 1: that they say and now here's your thing, and they say, 289 00:17:18,080 --> 00:17:20,199 Speaker 1: rents with this for a minute and then you go 290 00:17:20,320 --> 00:17:23,560 Speaker 1: leave and it's like fifty dollars for this rinse treatment. 291 00:17:23,600 --> 00:17:27,120 Speaker 1: I'm like, you didn't even ask me if I wanted that. 292 00:17:27,480 --> 00:17:29,480 Speaker 1: So this last time I went, I have to go 293 00:17:29,960 --> 00:17:35,000 Speaker 1: four times a year now because I have short roots, um, 294 00:17:35,040 --> 00:17:37,080 Speaker 1: which is my worst nightmare to have to double the 295 00:17:37,080 --> 00:17:40,080 Speaker 1: amount of time at the dentist. Hate it. And that's 296 00:17:40,080 --> 00:17:42,280 Speaker 1: not including any of my stupid tooth stuff. This is 297 00:17:42,320 --> 00:17:44,480 Speaker 1: just for cleaning. Oh I see, Like I just have 298 00:17:44,520 --> 00:17:46,240 Speaker 1: to go in four times a year now for cleaning. 299 00:17:46,840 --> 00:17:48,919 Speaker 1: But do you have your own chair? I do? I 300 00:17:48,920 --> 00:17:52,560 Speaker 1: should I certainly bought one by this point, but um, 301 00:17:52,600 --> 00:17:54,000 Speaker 1: I went in this last time. I was like, all right, 302 00:17:54,000 --> 00:17:56,159 Speaker 1: I'm not gonna I'm gonna decline that rents. I was 303 00:17:56,200 --> 00:17:59,439 Speaker 1: so ready to fight with this lady, um, and she 304 00:17:59,480 --> 00:18:01,560 Speaker 1: didn't give it to me. I think they can sense that. 305 00:18:02,320 --> 00:18:05,400 Speaker 1: I really consense when you're paying attention. When's a good 306 00:18:05,400 --> 00:18:07,840 Speaker 1: time to upsell, when's it, when's again? You gotta know 307 00:18:07,920 --> 00:18:10,040 Speaker 1: when to hold them and no when to fold them. 308 00:18:10,160 --> 00:18:13,760 Speaker 1: Is the new motto for for dentistry. All right, well 309 00:18:14,040 --> 00:18:15,959 Speaker 1: we got on this because of X rays, and we're 310 00:18:15,960 --> 00:18:20,119 Speaker 1: going to take a break and stop venting our frustrations 311 00:18:21,000 --> 00:18:22,919 Speaker 1: and come back and talk a little bit more about 312 00:18:23,040 --> 00:18:47,080 Speaker 1: ionizing radiation. You know what, it really stinks the dentist 313 00:18:48,480 --> 00:18:53,040 Speaker 1: just kidding. Um. So Ed points out, if you're going 314 00:18:53,080 --> 00:18:59,040 Speaker 1: to talk about radiation poisoning, Um, what you're looking at 315 00:18:59,160 --> 00:19:03,600 Speaker 1: is a total dosage, and that includes different factors like 316 00:19:04,640 --> 00:19:07,320 Speaker 1: what it came from, like we talked about with the alpha, 317 00:19:07,440 --> 00:19:11,120 Speaker 1: beta or gamma rays, um, how much it was, how 318 00:19:11,160 --> 00:19:16,159 Speaker 1: long you were exposed, how much was absorbed. It's not 319 00:19:16,280 --> 00:19:20,760 Speaker 1: an exact science. It's taken as a total accumulative effect. Right. 320 00:19:20,800 --> 00:19:24,160 Speaker 1: But the the sivert which takes all those things into account, 321 00:19:24,600 --> 00:19:27,200 Speaker 1: is it's pretty close to exact science as far as 322 00:19:27,200 --> 00:19:32,320 Speaker 1: measuring human absorption of radiation, right, Um. And so based 323 00:19:32,320 --> 00:19:35,800 Speaker 1: on these calculations which I couldn't find anywhere, how you 324 00:19:36,080 --> 00:19:41,520 Speaker 1: calculate siverts specifically, but apparently there are people who know 325 00:19:41,560 --> 00:19:44,720 Speaker 1: how to do this right, and when you calculate siverts, 326 00:19:45,040 --> 00:19:47,959 Speaker 1: you're able to say, okay, well, just flying in an 327 00:19:47,960 --> 00:19:51,920 Speaker 1: airplane gets you x number of millisiverts or micro siverts 328 00:19:52,000 --> 00:19:55,879 Speaker 1: on a five hour airplane flight or something like that, right, um, 329 00:19:55,960 --> 00:19:58,840 Speaker 1: And we we've come to realize that just living on 330 00:19:58,920 --> 00:20:02,760 Speaker 1: planet Earth, we are exposed to background radiation on the 331 00:20:02,880 --> 00:20:05,840 Speaker 1: order of something like um I think three point six 332 00:20:05,880 --> 00:20:10,919 Speaker 1: millisieverts per year. Yeah, that's point zero zero three six siverts, right, 333 00:20:11,359 --> 00:20:13,800 Speaker 1: And that's that's fine, you can totally deal with that. 334 00:20:14,119 --> 00:20:16,399 Speaker 1: It's when you start getting closer and closer to a 335 00:20:16,480 --> 00:20:20,600 Speaker 1: full sivert because if you'll notice, think siver or radiation 336 00:20:20,640 --> 00:20:25,159 Speaker 1: exposure is measured in millisieverts and even microceiver it's a 337 00:20:25,160 --> 00:20:28,080 Speaker 1: million of a fever. Which we love those members, and 338 00:20:28,119 --> 00:20:30,320 Speaker 1: we should say, you know, if you're getting an X 339 00:20:30,400 --> 00:20:32,200 Speaker 1: ray at the dentist or something like that, you're getting 340 00:20:32,200 --> 00:20:38,320 Speaker 1: a low level of of UM exposure to potentially deadly radiation. 341 00:20:38,400 --> 00:20:40,560 Speaker 1: If if it were just if you were standing next 342 00:20:40,600 --> 00:20:43,159 Speaker 1: to what's producing the X rays outside of an X 343 00:20:43,240 --> 00:20:45,840 Speaker 1: ray machine and you're holding that you'd be a big 344 00:20:45,880 --> 00:20:48,560 Speaker 1: trouble the fact that you're not exposed to it like that. 345 00:20:48,600 --> 00:20:51,440 Speaker 1: You're exposed to doses that, as far as we understand 346 00:20:51,480 --> 00:20:54,320 Speaker 1: scientifically right now, the human can take and it's not 347 00:20:54,359 --> 00:20:56,600 Speaker 1: going to have any adverse effects. It's when you start 348 00:20:56,600 --> 00:20:59,680 Speaker 1: getting closer to a full sivert that you really run 349 00:20:59,720 --> 00:21:03,159 Speaker 1: the risk of acute radiation poisoning. Yeah, like point seven 350 00:21:03,200 --> 00:21:06,479 Speaker 1: five siverts will get you sick, um and weaken your 351 00:21:06,480 --> 00:21:11,080 Speaker 1: immune system. Three siverts. Uh, you need medical attention or 352 00:21:11,160 --> 00:21:14,399 Speaker 1: you will probably die. Um, but you will probably live 353 00:21:14,440 --> 00:21:16,880 Speaker 1: if you do have medical care. Um, if you get 354 00:21:16,880 --> 00:21:19,600 Speaker 1: a dose of tin siverts at once, you are dead. 355 00:21:20,440 --> 00:21:22,800 Speaker 1: Even if you do get medical care. That's like a 356 00:21:22,800 --> 00:21:26,120 Speaker 1: death sentence basically. Um. But you're not going to encounter 357 00:21:26,200 --> 00:21:29,879 Speaker 1: that at all. So you don't need to worry about 358 00:21:29,920 --> 00:21:32,400 Speaker 1: that unless you work in a lab or something and 359 00:21:32,400 --> 00:21:34,720 Speaker 1: there's an accident, yeah, which we'll talk about some of 360 00:21:34,720 --> 00:21:38,240 Speaker 1: those that have happened. But um, tin siverts is really 361 00:21:38,240 --> 00:21:44,239 Speaker 1: bad news. Yeah. Um, between ten, I'm sorry, between one 362 00:21:44,280 --> 00:21:47,359 Speaker 1: and ten, you got about a fifty chance of dying 363 00:21:47,440 --> 00:21:52,560 Speaker 1: within a month. And if it's uh, a less if 364 00:21:52,600 --> 00:21:55,680 Speaker 1: it's not just one big blast, and it's over time, 365 00:21:56,119 --> 00:21:58,720 Speaker 1: then it's your odds are a little bit better, totally different, 366 00:21:58,840 --> 00:22:02,359 Speaker 1: but it's a totally different, like prolonged exposure is different 367 00:22:02,400 --> 00:22:07,200 Speaker 1: than the kind of acute exposure that that creates radiation sickness. Right, 368 00:22:07,720 --> 00:22:10,920 Speaker 1: and Ed points out to the factors that are included 369 00:22:10,960 --> 00:22:15,200 Speaker 1: in the formulation of a Sivert radiation dose is they're 370 00:22:15,240 --> 00:22:18,720 Speaker 1: not absolute. It's not like, hey, buddy, here's ten doses 371 00:22:18,800 --> 00:22:22,200 Speaker 1: or here's ten siverts of radiation your toast. It would 372 00:22:22,200 --> 00:22:24,720 Speaker 1: be slightly I think that actually probably is absolute. But 373 00:22:24,760 --> 00:22:28,040 Speaker 1: let's say too, it's going to be different depending on 374 00:22:28,119 --> 00:22:30,760 Speaker 1: where you were exposed, what part of your body, how 375 00:22:30,800 --> 00:22:35,000 Speaker 1: old you are, what kind of immune health you have, um, 376 00:22:35,080 --> 00:22:38,560 Speaker 1: and a number of different factors, the type of particle 377 00:22:38,640 --> 00:22:41,520 Speaker 1: that you're exposed to. So it's different. But for the 378 00:22:41,520 --> 00:22:43,679 Speaker 1: most part, once you get higher and higher along the 379 00:22:43,720 --> 00:22:46,760 Speaker 1: Sivert scale, it does become kind of absolute as far 380 00:22:46,800 --> 00:22:51,520 Speaker 1: as human mortality is concerned. Uh, if you do get exposed, 381 00:22:51,840 --> 00:22:55,800 Speaker 1: you're going to get sick very very quickly. Um. I 382 00:22:55,800 --> 00:22:59,560 Speaker 1: mean sometimes it's like you immediately start vomiting or lose 383 00:22:59,560 --> 00:23:03,640 Speaker 1: conscious Yeah, your body is just so immediately poisoned. Um. 384 00:23:03,680 --> 00:23:08,560 Speaker 1: It's hardcore nausea, diarrhea, headache, fever. Um. Like you said, 385 00:23:08,600 --> 00:23:11,359 Speaker 1: you can be knocked unconscious. And I looked everywhere to 386 00:23:11,400 --> 00:23:14,719 Speaker 1: find out what happens that makes you lose consciousness, and 387 00:23:14,760 --> 00:23:17,800 Speaker 1: I have the impression that they don't really know. It 388 00:23:17,840 --> 00:23:20,800 Speaker 1: doesn't make sense. What what about radiotion makes you lose 389 00:23:20,840 --> 00:23:25,080 Speaker 1: consciousness unless it just completely alters the effects of your 390 00:23:25,880 --> 00:23:29,760 Speaker 1: or the the action of your neurons. I guess. Yeah, 391 00:23:29,840 --> 00:23:32,680 Speaker 1: see you get a little more inquisitive about that stuff. 392 00:23:32,720 --> 00:23:34,639 Speaker 1: I hear that, and I just think, you know, your 393 00:23:34,640 --> 00:23:38,639 Speaker 1: brain just overloads. Well, now I'm like, what happened? Why that? 394 00:23:38,720 --> 00:23:41,840 Speaker 1: Why that? Why that person just lose consciousness by being 395 00:23:41,880 --> 00:23:44,320 Speaker 1: exposed to an X ray machine? That's not good? What's 396 00:23:44,320 --> 00:23:47,280 Speaker 1: the science behind that? That's what I sound like in 397 00:23:47,359 --> 00:23:53,760 Speaker 1: my head? Um burns on the body. We talked about 398 00:23:53,760 --> 00:23:59,280 Speaker 1: external exposure, UM, bad scarring. Uh. There's something called a 399 00:23:59,359 --> 00:24:02,919 Speaker 1: latent period after that initial set of symptoms. Yeah, this 400 00:24:02,960 --> 00:24:06,240 Speaker 1: is just mean where you don't have symptoms, you get better. Yeah, 401 00:24:06,400 --> 00:24:09,000 Speaker 1: they you know, things gonna go away. But I don't 402 00:24:09,000 --> 00:24:10,880 Speaker 1: think anyone thinks are going to get better because they 403 00:24:10,880 --> 00:24:14,320 Speaker 1: know about the now, but I'll be the first few 404 00:24:14,359 --> 00:24:16,679 Speaker 1: people who die from radiation sytince. You're like, wow, this 405 00:24:16,760 --> 00:24:20,840 Speaker 1: is miraculous. And then yeah, so the the initial symptoms 406 00:24:20,840 --> 00:24:24,000 Speaker 1: are very obvious and very bad, and then there's that 407 00:24:24,080 --> 00:24:26,199 Speaker 1: latent period like you said, it was a lull and 408 00:24:26,240 --> 00:24:29,800 Speaker 1: then yeah, and apparently what's going on at that point 409 00:24:29,920 --> 00:24:34,760 Speaker 1: is the damage that has been done immediately. And I 410 00:24:34,800 --> 00:24:39,320 Speaker 1: mean like, when, for example, your DNA is altered, it 411 00:24:39,400 --> 00:24:43,399 Speaker 1: happens on the in in the billions trillions of a 412 00:24:43,480 --> 00:24:46,800 Speaker 1: second that that damage is done. If a free radical 413 00:24:46,880 --> 00:24:49,320 Speaker 1: is created, it still takes on the order of like 414 00:24:49,359 --> 00:24:52,639 Speaker 1: a second to to do this damage. So it's very quick, 415 00:24:53,000 --> 00:24:56,119 Speaker 1: but the effects of that damage take a little while 416 00:24:56,160 --> 00:24:59,080 Speaker 1: to appear. But when they when they do appear, it's like, 417 00:24:59,359 --> 00:25:02,800 Speaker 1: oh man, and you're you're having multi organ failure right 418 00:25:02,880 --> 00:25:06,200 Speaker 1: now because you were exposed to so much ionizing radiation, 419 00:25:06,480 --> 00:25:10,439 Speaker 1: your cells were so totally altered um and your DNA 420 00:25:10,600 --> 00:25:13,680 Speaker 1: was ultimately altered too, that your body is not functioning 421 00:25:13,720 --> 00:25:16,200 Speaker 1: properly and some parts of your body are definitely more 422 00:25:16,240 --> 00:25:19,080 Speaker 1: susceptible than others. Like I said, the ones where cells 423 00:25:19,119 --> 00:25:22,600 Speaker 1: replicate more frequently, like the lining of your gut. And 424 00:25:22,680 --> 00:25:25,720 Speaker 1: that's a big problem if your guts messed up, because 425 00:25:25,720 --> 00:25:29,840 Speaker 1: you're prone to infections, which is not good. You don't 426 00:25:29,840 --> 00:25:33,560 Speaker 1: want a gut infection. You had one of those. You 427 00:25:33,600 --> 00:25:38,800 Speaker 1: had staff a staff stomach confection. And I've never seen 428 00:25:38,840 --> 00:25:41,320 Speaker 1: a human being sicker than you were. And you had 429 00:25:41,359 --> 00:25:43,840 Speaker 1: to fly home. Do you remember you had to get 430 00:25:43,840 --> 00:25:46,280 Speaker 1: on a plane as that was hitting you. I felt 431 00:25:46,320 --> 00:25:50,600 Speaker 1: so bad. Dude's pretty bad. You were green, Yeah, green, 432 00:25:51,080 --> 00:25:54,399 Speaker 1: Your face was green like the whole You had a 433 00:25:54,440 --> 00:25:57,160 Speaker 1: gamma ray burst of radiation. I had a gamma ray 434 00:25:57,160 --> 00:26:05,000 Speaker 1: burst in my shorts. That's so growth. Uh, standing up, 435 00:26:05,000 --> 00:26:09,679 Speaker 1: sitting down, lying down, everywhere. Um. So, that latent period, 436 00:26:09,760 --> 00:26:16,720 Speaker 1: if it's it's shorter, the smaller the dose, wait shorter, 437 00:26:16,800 --> 00:26:20,520 Speaker 1: the larger the dose, the latent period. Yeah. And in fact, 438 00:26:20,520 --> 00:26:22,199 Speaker 1: if you get dose with more than ten, there is 439 00:26:22,240 --> 00:26:25,119 Speaker 1: no latent period at all. It's that it doesn't take 440 00:26:25,160 --> 00:26:32,000 Speaker 1: a break. So um, like you said, after that latent 441 00:26:32,000 --> 00:26:35,639 Speaker 1: period wears off is when it's really clear what's happened 442 00:26:35,640 --> 00:26:38,920 Speaker 1: inside your body. And one thing we haven't specifically talked 443 00:26:38,920 --> 00:26:42,080 Speaker 1: about yet is the is your bone marrow, which is 444 00:26:42,160 --> 00:26:46,520 Speaker 1: a very bad place to get radiation poisoning because it 445 00:26:46,760 --> 00:26:50,960 Speaker 1: basically what's you know, where you produce blood cells to 446 00:26:51,000 --> 00:26:54,639 Speaker 1: make your body better, and it basically shuts down your 447 00:26:54,680 --> 00:26:58,480 Speaker 1: immune system because there's so much damage and now you 448 00:26:58,520 --> 00:27:01,440 Speaker 1: can't even make yourself better or try to make yourself better. Yeah. 449 00:27:01,520 --> 00:27:05,520 Speaker 1: It either it either directly damages the cells and kills 450 00:27:05,600 --> 00:27:09,000 Speaker 1: them right, so therefore you're just not making as many cells. 451 00:27:09,000 --> 00:27:12,000 Speaker 1: You don't have as many white blood cells. And then 452 00:27:12,080 --> 00:27:14,840 Speaker 1: it also can damage the d n A in your 453 00:27:14,880 --> 00:27:18,200 Speaker 1: cells so that when they are when it is making 454 00:27:18,200 --> 00:27:20,560 Speaker 1: more white blood cells, is not making them correctly, so 455 00:27:20,840 --> 00:27:23,720 Speaker 1: there's malfunctioning white blood cell. So yeah, your immune systems 456 00:27:23,720 --> 00:27:26,119 Speaker 1: total anemic at that point. Yeah, well that's from the 457 00:27:26,160 --> 00:27:29,280 Speaker 1: red blood cells being affected as well. And then again 458 00:27:29,800 --> 00:27:32,760 Speaker 1: when your gut gets um assaulted, You've got a lot 459 00:27:32,760 --> 00:27:34,800 Speaker 1: of bacteria in your gut and it's beneficial so long 460 00:27:34,840 --> 00:27:37,199 Speaker 1: as it's in your gut. When it leaks into the 461 00:27:37,200 --> 00:27:40,440 Speaker 1: rest of your body, you can get blood infections from 462 00:27:40,440 --> 00:27:44,119 Speaker 1: that because the the stomach lining is not is not 463 00:27:44,280 --> 00:27:47,800 Speaker 1: protecting your stomach like it's supposed to any longer. It's 464 00:27:47,800 --> 00:27:50,080 Speaker 1: bad news, man, it is bad news, all right. Well, 465 00:27:50,119 --> 00:27:52,720 Speaker 1: let's take another break and UM. We'll talk about some 466 00:27:52,760 --> 00:28:18,560 Speaker 1: of these tragedies and accidents when we get back. So 467 00:28:18,760 --> 00:28:24,840 Speaker 1: Chuck UM. We know actually, fortunately very little about the 468 00:28:24,920 --> 00:28:28,639 Speaker 1: effects of ionizing radiation on the human body because there's 469 00:28:28,720 --> 00:28:31,800 Speaker 1: not that many people who have died from it. UM. 470 00:28:31,840 --> 00:28:37,239 Speaker 1: Basically everything we know it comes from industrial accidents like 471 00:28:37,320 --> 00:28:42,120 Speaker 1: Three Mile Island or Fukushima. UM. And then the nuclear 472 00:28:42,160 --> 00:28:46,000 Speaker 1: bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which, by the way, 473 00:28:46,040 --> 00:28:49,880 Speaker 1: any time that comes up, I feel it's it's totally 474 00:28:49,920 --> 00:28:55,400 Speaker 1: worth mentioning going to see the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum, 475 00:28:55,440 --> 00:28:57,480 Speaker 1: Like I think everybody in the world should have to 476 00:28:57,480 --> 00:29:00,280 Speaker 1: go to this. It's so well done, it's so asked 477 00:29:00,320 --> 00:29:03,800 Speaker 1: Lee some of the stuff that they're showing UM and 478 00:29:03,800 --> 00:29:07,719 Speaker 1: and it's it's basically here Ashima saying, this happened to us, 479 00:29:07,720 --> 00:29:13,760 Speaker 1: So we're going to take UM this terrible gift that 480 00:29:13,800 --> 00:29:17,120 Speaker 1: was bestowed on us and turned it into UM a 481 00:29:17,160 --> 00:29:19,440 Speaker 1: way to keep it from ever happening again. And that's 482 00:29:19,480 --> 00:29:22,280 Speaker 1: what they did with it. Carl Or in Japan make 483 00:29:22,280 --> 00:29:23,920 Speaker 1: a trip to hear is Human to check it out. 484 00:29:24,200 --> 00:29:27,000 Speaker 1: We'll talk about those then since we're there. I ran 485 00:29:27,080 --> 00:29:30,080 Speaker 1: across a cool article on a website called Today I 486 00:29:30,120 --> 00:29:32,760 Speaker 1: found Out, which is a neat site. You ever been there? Yeah, 487 00:29:32,800 --> 00:29:35,520 Speaker 1: it's pretty cool. This was called why can people live 488 00:29:35,560 --> 00:29:39,000 Speaker 1: in Hiroshima and Nagasaki Now? But not chernobyl Um. So 489 00:29:39,080 --> 00:29:43,040 Speaker 1: here's a little background, and I think it it should 490 00:29:43,040 --> 00:29:45,360 Speaker 1: have its own podcast at some point for sure. Which 491 00:29:45,360 --> 00:29:49,880 Speaker 1: one the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, But here's here's 492 00:29:49,880 --> 00:29:55,480 Speaker 1: a short version. UM. On August the bomb Little Boy 493 00:29:56,120 --> 00:30:00,480 Speaker 1: was a uranium bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, hundred and 494 00:30:00,520 --> 00:30:04,680 Speaker 1: forty pounds of uranium. But these were detonated both of 495 00:30:04,760 --> 00:30:08,960 Speaker 1: more above each city. It's like two thousand feet above Hiroshima. 496 00:30:09,360 --> 00:30:13,000 Speaker 1: Only two pounds of the hundred and forty pounds underwent 497 00:30:13,080 --> 00:30:17,520 Speaker 1: nuclear fission um and then sixteen kilo tons of explosive force. 498 00:30:18,080 --> 00:30:22,000 Speaker 1: So because Hiroshima was on a plane, it caused a 499 00:30:22,000 --> 00:30:27,800 Speaker 1: lot of damage. UM estimated seventy thousand people were killed 500 00:30:28,240 --> 00:30:33,320 Speaker 1: on that day period seventy thousand, another seventy thousand injured, 501 00:30:33,680 --> 00:30:38,840 Speaker 1: and about seventy of the buildings gone UM for fat 502 00:30:38,880 --> 00:30:43,000 Speaker 1: Man which was a few days later on Nagasaki on 503 00:30:43,040 --> 00:30:47,760 Speaker 1: August nine, only two pounds. This was plutonium and only 504 00:30:47,800 --> 00:30:51,320 Speaker 1: two pounds of that underwent fission and that was about 505 00:30:51,360 --> 00:30:54,040 Speaker 1: sixteen feet in the air. But because it's a valley, 506 00:30:54,080 --> 00:30:57,080 Speaker 1: a lot of the city was protected. Still killed about 507 00:30:57,960 --> 00:31:01,400 Speaker 1: between forty five thousand and seventy thousand peep immediately. And 508 00:31:01,440 --> 00:31:03,200 Speaker 1: I get the feeling that a lot of that stuff 509 00:31:03,240 --> 00:31:09,080 Speaker 1: was just the blast impact for these were just so immense. Yeah, 510 00:31:09,240 --> 00:31:13,239 Speaker 1: so bring in Chernobyl because this article compares you know, 511 00:31:13,360 --> 00:31:18,480 Speaker 1: the conditions there at these places. Chernobyl was a preventable disaster, 512 00:31:19,040 --> 00:31:24,360 Speaker 1: nuclear disaster that had, uh the way they say been 513 00:31:24,360 --> 00:31:27,200 Speaker 1: this article was that the reactors had a built in 514 00:31:27,360 --> 00:31:31,480 Speaker 1: instability was the quote. Um. So basically, when the reaction 515 00:31:31,680 --> 00:31:35,160 Speaker 1: got hotter and hotter, the coolant would decrease and just 516 00:31:35,200 --> 00:31:37,880 Speaker 1: make everything less stable and they couldn't control it. So 517 00:31:37,920 --> 00:31:40,240 Speaker 1: they did some went to do some test one day 518 00:31:40,240 --> 00:31:44,920 Speaker 1: on ap uh to see how long these turbines would 519 00:31:45,000 --> 00:31:49,280 Speaker 1: run after the reactor was down. So in order to 520 00:31:49,360 --> 00:31:51,520 Speaker 1: do this, they had to turn off all these safety 521 00:31:51,560 --> 00:31:54,400 Speaker 1: controls and remove you know, I think we talked about 522 00:31:54,520 --> 00:31:59,320 Speaker 1: the control rods and um, how a nuclear meltown works, Yeah, 523 00:31:59,360 --> 00:32:02,360 Speaker 1: how nuclear mount work. So these control rods absorbed the 524 00:32:02,400 --> 00:32:06,280 Speaker 1: neutrons and limit the reaction. They had to remove cheese. 525 00:32:06,280 --> 00:32:09,600 Speaker 1: How many, only all but six of the two five 526 00:32:09,640 --> 00:32:13,360 Speaker 1: control rods for this test, and they shut down the 527 00:32:13,400 --> 00:32:17,880 Speaker 1: safety system, so it was just ready for disaster. Basically, 528 00:32:18,040 --> 00:32:20,400 Speaker 1: why were they doing that just for fun? No, they 529 00:32:20,400 --> 00:32:22,360 Speaker 1: were trying to see how long these turbines would run 530 00:32:22,440 --> 00:32:24,800 Speaker 1: once everything was shut down. But in order to do that, 531 00:32:24,840 --> 00:32:26,680 Speaker 1: you had to do all these other things. That's like 532 00:32:26,720 --> 00:32:29,479 Speaker 1: figuring out how much weight a bridge can take by 533 00:32:29,560 --> 00:32:33,360 Speaker 1: driving increasingly heavy trucks across the until it collapses. Yeah, 534 00:32:33,520 --> 00:32:36,600 Speaker 1: and systematically waking as you do it. That's insane. Yeah, 535 00:32:36,640 --> 00:32:38,120 Speaker 1: it was not a good idea. And they said it 536 00:32:38,160 --> 00:32:41,800 Speaker 1: all came down to like the hubrists of the people 537 00:32:41,800 --> 00:32:44,920 Speaker 1: who designed it, and we're working there. It was totally preventable. 538 00:32:45,560 --> 00:32:48,320 Speaker 1: So uh, a lot of these graphite rods they tried 539 00:32:48,360 --> 00:32:50,680 Speaker 1: to put them back in there, and they fractured because 540 00:32:50,680 --> 00:32:53,800 Speaker 1: there was a design flaw in them, and there was 541 00:32:53,800 --> 00:32:57,560 Speaker 1: an explosion. Uh, it basically just blew it up. UM 542 00:32:57,760 --> 00:33:01,320 Speaker 1: seven to ten tons of nucle your fuel were released 543 00:33:01,360 --> 00:33:05,520 Speaker 1: that day. Only eight people died immediately, and over ninety 544 00:33:05,560 --> 00:33:09,560 Speaker 1: thousand square miles of land were contaminated. How many people 545 00:33:09,640 --> 00:33:13,800 Speaker 1: died immediately? Eight that were just like in the area. Uh. 546 00:33:13,800 --> 00:33:16,680 Speaker 1: And of course you can't get accurate numbers on fallout 547 00:33:16,720 --> 00:33:20,840 Speaker 1: since then because they're not really sharing that information. But 548 00:33:21,360 --> 00:33:24,120 Speaker 1: by two thousand five, there were seven thousand cases of 549 00:33:24,160 --> 00:33:28,080 Speaker 1: thyroid cancer uh in the Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia alone, 550 00:33:28,680 --> 00:33:32,040 Speaker 1: So obviously it had an effect. But um, nowadays people 551 00:33:32,040 --> 00:33:35,800 Speaker 1: can live in Japan in those two places, and they 552 00:33:35,800 --> 00:33:38,280 Speaker 1: say that the levels of background radiation are basically like 553 00:33:38,320 --> 00:33:41,440 Speaker 1: anywhere else in the world. But Chernobyl is still they 554 00:33:41,440 --> 00:33:43,760 Speaker 1: have a zone where like you can't live there at 555 00:33:43,800 --> 00:33:47,680 Speaker 1: all anymore. So the difference is basically, Uh, the amount 556 00:33:47,720 --> 00:33:50,720 Speaker 1: of fuel only two pounds, like I said, of each 557 00:33:50,720 --> 00:33:55,560 Speaker 1: of those bombs, um, only two pounds underwent fission and 558 00:33:55,720 --> 00:33:58,720 Speaker 1: a hundred there was a hundred and eighty tons of 559 00:33:58,840 --> 00:34:02,040 Speaker 1: nuclear fuel. Really Chernobyl. That's crazy that there's any of 560 00:34:02,120 --> 00:34:06,360 Speaker 1: Chernobyl even left. Yeah, they just blow up the whole town. Well, 561 00:34:06,440 --> 00:34:10,919 Speaker 1: and they're studying um. Well, I think the explosion wasn't 562 00:34:10,960 --> 00:34:18,000 Speaker 1: anything like Nagasaki Hiroschma. It was just but they're studying 563 00:34:18,000 --> 00:34:20,560 Speaker 1: that area now because it's a big you know, like 564 00:34:20,600 --> 00:34:23,040 Speaker 1: you said, you don't have this opportunity to see what 565 00:34:23,080 --> 00:34:27,080 Speaker 1: it means for the ecology of that area and the ecosystem, 566 00:34:27,120 --> 00:34:29,680 Speaker 1: and like they found some things have like adapted and 567 00:34:29,719 --> 00:34:32,640 Speaker 1: are thriving, and lately they've been reports that they're like 568 00:34:32,680 --> 00:34:36,400 Speaker 1: animals they're living there. Yeah, like normal animals that aren't 569 00:34:36,560 --> 00:34:40,520 Speaker 1: you know, three eyed bears and stuff like that. And 570 00:34:40,560 --> 00:34:44,600 Speaker 1: the other difference was that, um, it was on the 571 00:34:44,600 --> 00:34:47,560 Speaker 1: ground and these other you know, the bombs are detonated 572 00:34:47,600 --> 00:34:50,080 Speaker 1: two thousand feet in the air, so while it's airborne, 573 00:34:50,120 --> 00:34:52,279 Speaker 1: it just has a bigger impact obviously if it's like 574 00:34:52,360 --> 00:34:56,480 Speaker 1: literally ground level. So that's sort of the deal on 575 00:34:56,520 --> 00:35:00,640 Speaker 1: why you can not live in Chernobyl anytime soon. Yeah. Finally, 576 00:35:00,920 --> 00:35:06,359 Speaker 1: in tumbing the reactor, that's it's just yeah, I mean 577 00:35:06,400 --> 00:35:09,480 Speaker 1: they tried before, but they did a pretty terrible job 578 00:35:09,520 --> 00:35:12,160 Speaker 1: of it and it was already leaking and cracking. So 579 00:35:12,239 --> 00:35:14,879 Speaker 1: now they're building I think other countries are helping them 580 00:35:14,880 --> 00:35:17,600 Speaker 1: with it. They're building like this huge tomb to go 581 00:35:17,640 --> 00:35:20,600 Speaker 1: around it, so nobody can enter for I think at 582 00:35:20,640 --> 00:35:23,520 Speaker 1: least a century. Jeez. Yeah. Well there have been some 583 00:35:23,760 --> 00:35:29,000 Speaker 1: scientists too though that had minor well not minor for them, 584 00:35:29,120 --> 00:35:32,480 Speaker 1: but minor accidents and labs that were exposed heavily, like 585 00:35:32,520 --> 00:35:35,359 Speaker 1: the stuff that that created there that led to their 586 00:35:35,360 --> 00:35:39,799 Speaker 1: deaths were just so small. With anything else, you would 587 00:35:39,800 --> 00:35:42,200 Speaker 1: probably even barely noticed that you'd messed up. But these 588 00:35:42,200 --> 00:35:45,560 Speaker 1: guys died because of it. Yeah, two dudes notably working 589 00:35:45,560 --> 00:35:49,479 Speaker 1: on the same core plutonium core, not at the same time, 590 00:35:50,440 --> 00:35:52,520 Speaker 1: like a year apart, and it came to be called 591 00:35:52,520 --> 00:35:55,319 Speaker 1: the Demon core for that reason because it killed two people. Yeah. 592 00:35:55,360 --> 00:35:59,560 Speaker 1: One guy was a physicist named Harry kay dag Lean Jr. 593 00:36:00,239 --> 00:36:05,279 Speaker 1: He got a five point one severt exposure uh and 594 00:36:05,360 --> 00:36:11,000 Speaker 1: died days later. Who's the other guy, Lewis Slawton Slaughton. 595 00:36:11,239 --> 00:36:14,759 Speaker 1: Um he was. He was basically messing with the core 596 00:36:15,040 --> 00:36:20,160 Speaker 1: with the screwdriver from what I read, and um, just 597 00:36:20,360 --> 00:36:24,719 Speaker 1: the screwdriver just barely slipped just a little bit, and 598 00:36:24,880 --> 00:36:28,319 Speaker 1: I guess came and allowed the cover to come in 599 00:36:28,360 --> 00:36:31,360 Speaker 1: contact with the core and the core went subcritical for 600 00:36:31,640 --> 00:36:35,440 Speaker 1: half a second. He luckily was like able to like 601 00:36:35,480 --> 00:36:37,719 Speaker 1: throw the core off, so it didn't really lead to 602 00:36:37,760 --> 00:36:40,160 Speaker 1: an even bigger problem that killed bore people, but it 603 00:36:40,280 --> 00:36:43,040 Speaker 1: led to his death. And um, he got a twenty 604 00:36:43,080 --> 00:36:46,680 Speaker 1: one severt dose. We've been saying ten is almost, you know, 605 00:36:46,760 --> 00:36:51,160 Speaker 1: instantly fatal. He lost consciousness and threw up immediately, and 606 00:36:51,239 --> 00:36:53,879 Speaker 1: he died I think nine days later. I can't believe 607 00:36:53,880 --> 00:36:57,040 Speaker 1: it took that long, you know, but the air turned 608 00:36:57,120 --> 00:37:00,600 Speaker 1: blue around him. Yeah, and there was like a visible 609 00:37:00,640 --> 00:37:04,239 Speaker 1: wave of heat. Yeah, and he was Immediately after his death, 610 00:37:04,239 --> 00:37:07,400 Speaker 1: I think he was kind of praised for containing the accident, 611 00:37:07,920 --> 00:37:10,440 Speaker 1: but then later on, even after that, they were like, yeah, 612 00:37:10,480 --> 00:37:12,360 Speaker 1: but he did something wrong that led to it to 613 00:37:12,400 --> 00:37:15,000 Speaker 1: begin with. Oh yeah, yeah, so it was kind of 614 00:37:15,040 --> 00:37:17,200 Speaker 1: a you did a good job, but you shouldn't have 615 00:37:17,239 --> 00:37:20,520 Speaker 1: done it. Well, what said? It also killed somebody else. Um, 616 00:37:20,560 --> 00:37:22,960 Speaker 1: a guard who was in the room died years later 617 00:37:23,080 --> 00:37:26,440 Speaker 1: from cancer. That they're like, that was definitely from exposure. Yeah, 618 00:37:26,719 --> 00:37:29,399 Speaker 1: don't surprise me. So what happens if you, I mean, 619 00:37:29,400 --> 00:37:32,400 Speaker 1: how can they treat this stuff? Surprisingly, they can't treat it. 620 00:37:32,440 --> 00:37:36,000 Speaker 1: Like if you think about radioactive particles entering your body, 621 00:37:36,440 --> 00:37:39,360 Speaker 1: you just think it'd be like, well, here's some morphine. 622 00:37:40,120 --> 00:37:42,360 Speaker 1: I hope you had a nice life. But there's actually 623 00:37:42,360 --> 00:37:44,719 Speaker 1: stuff they can do to treat it. Um. And one 624 00:37:44,719 --> 00:37:46,560 Speaker 1: of the first things they do if you're contaminated. Is 625 00:37:46,600 --> 00:37:49,480 Speaker 1: they wash you off. It seems like a good step 626 00:37:49,520 --> 00:37:51,399 Speaker 1: one because you didn't get some of that stuff off. 627 00:37:51,640 --> 00:37:53,520 Speaker 1: But if it's in your body, they have to give 628 00:37:53,560 --> 00:37:57,040 Speaker 1: you drugs that are known to actually bind to radioactive 629 00:37:57,080 --> 00:38:00,680 Speaker 1: materials and then flush out of your system. Yeah, like 630 00:38:00,719 --> 00:38:05,000 Speaker 1: Prussian blue dye. It's actually good for um, caesium and 631 00:38:05,040 --> 00:38:10,160 Speaker 1: thallium poisoning UM. It's like it's a blue dye that 632 00:38:10,200 --> 00:38:12,960 Speaker 1: goes in and it binds to the stuff and um 633 00:38:13,080 --> 00:38:15,960 Speaker 1: holds it so it's no longer going through your body 634 00:38:16,239 --> 00:38:18,520 Speaker 1: making havoc. Since you're coming with me. Then you poop 635 00:38:18,560 --> 00:38:22,839 Speaker 1: it out. There's another one. You're gonna try this one, Oh, 636 00:38:23,480 --> 00:38:30,120 Speaker 1: dia thy leen, try a mind penatic acid band or 637 00:38:30,200 --> 00:38:34,800 Speaker 1: d t p A been to acetic acid. That was 638 00:38:34,840 --> 00:38:38,799 Speaker 1: the easier part. Yeah, let's call it that. So that 639 00:38:38,840 --> 00:38:41,640 Speaker 1: one's good for plutonium among other things. And they inject 640 00:38:41,719 --> 00:38:43,880 Speaker 1: you with that and it does basically the same thing. 641 00:38:43,920 --> 00:38:47,239 Speaker 1: It seeks out those radioactive particles, binds to them, and 642 00:38:47,239 --> 00:38:49,440 Speaker 1: then you pee it out. So it I mean, it 643 00:38:49,600 --> 00:38:53,239 Speaker 1: is possible to treat people who have been contaminated with 644 00:38:53,440 --> 00:38:56,040 Speaker 1: radioactive stuff. I just want to point out every time 645 00:38:56,120 --> 00:38:59,360 Speaker 1: Josh said, binds to him. You hug your stomach. What 646 00:38:59,520 --> 00:39:02,440 Speaker 1: is that all? I don't know. I hadn't really noticed. 647 00:39:02,480 --> 00:39:05,880 Speaker 1: I hadn't done that, but it's both times. Uh. What 648 00:39:05,880 --> 00:39:08,239 Speaker 1: else can they do? They can prevent infection. Uh. If 649 00:39:08,239 --> 00:39:12,160 Speaker 1: your immune systems compromise because of the bone marrow, you 650 00:39:12,200 --> 00:39:15,880 Speaker 1: could have a bone I'm sorry, blood transfusion. If you 651 00:39:15,920 --> 00:39:18,719 Speaker 1: only have a little bit of bone marrow damage, um, 652 00:39:18,760 --> 00:39:22,640 Speaker 1: that could help you out. But if it is too severe, 653 00:39:22,800 --> 00:39:25,680 Speaker 1: you would have to have a complete bone marrow transplant. 654 00:39:26,400 --> 00:39:28,840 Speaker 1: And then and even then you're not guaranteed to be Okay, 655 00:39:28,880 --> 00:39:31,760 Speaker 1: you're in pretty bad shape if that's going on. Um. 656 00:39:31,920 --> 00:39:36,240 Speaker 1: Did you read about this Goyana, Brazil accident? I did. 657 00:39:37,120 --> 00:39:41,120 Speaker 1: It is nuts, It's crazy. So back in there were 658 00:39:41,360 --> 00:39:44,480 Speaker 1: I guess some people who were just wandering around an 659 00:39:44,520 --> 00:39:48,760 Speaker 1: abandoned hospital in Guyana, Brazil. Yes to two dudes, Uh, 660 00:39:49,200 --> 00:39:53,920 Speaker 1: scrap salesman, like scavenger salesman. Okay. So they found I 661 00:39:53,920 --> 00:39:56,040 Speaker 1: guess maybe an X ray machine or something like that, 662 00:39:56,080 --> 00:39:58,480 Speaker 1: and cracked it open and there was a cake of 663 00:39:59,000 --> 00:40:02,319 Speaker 1: glowing blue caesi um inside and they said, well, this 664 00:40:02,360 --> 00:40:05,000 Speaker 1: looks pretty let's take it with us and they did, 665 00:40:05,680 --> 00:40:09,000 Speaker 1: and they sold it to people, including some children who 666 00:40:09,040 --> 00:40:11,120 Speaker 1: rubbed it on their skin so that they would glow 667 00:40:11,160 --> 00:40:13,920 Speaker 1: in the dark. Yeah, and a lot of these people 668 00:40:14,160 --> 00:40:16,719 Speaker 1: died very shortly afterwards. Yeah, they took I mean, it 669 00:40:16,760 --> 00:40:19,520 Speaker 1: wasn't just the raw stuff. They took the machine in 670 00:40:19,520 --> 00:40:22,399 Speaker 1: a wheelbarrow and then spent the next few days like 671 00:40:22,480 --> 00:40:25,719 Speaker 1: trying to take this machine apart to get to this 672 00:40:25,800 --> 00:40:28,440 Speaker 1: glow because they, I mean, they thought it was like supernatural. 673 00:40:28,480 --> 00:40:32,160 Speaker 1: They didn't know what it was. Um, these dudes started 674 00:40:32,200 --> 00:40:33,880 Speaker 1: vomiting and stuff. Of course, went to the doctor and 675 00:40:33,920 --> 00:40:37,640 Speaker 1: they're like, it's food poisoning. Um, here's a here's a coke, 676 00:40:38,239 --> 00:40:43,720 Speaker 1: go home, clam. Uh. So one of the guys finally 677 00:40:43,800 --> 00:40:47,200 Speaker 1: freed some of this glowing blue goo. He thought it 678 00:40:47,239 --> 00:40:50,080 Speaker 1: was gunpowder and tried to light it on fire. It 679 00:40:50,160 --> 00:40:53,760 Speaker 1: didn't light. It's not flammable. Uh. And then he sold 680 00:40:53,760 --> 00:40:57,040 Speaker 1: it to a scrap yard, like you said, for bucks. Um. 681 00:40:57,120 --> 00:41:00,319 Speaker 1: And this guy, the owner of the scrap rd I 682 00:41:00,320 --> 00:41:03,759 Speaker 1: think was his uncle, was like, man, everyone come and 683 00:41:03,800 --> 00:41:06,440 Speaker 1: see this, and he invited like for three days, like 684 00:41:06,520 --> 00:41:08,960 Speaker 1: family and guests could all come over and look at 685 00:41:08,960 --> 00:41:11,880 Speaker 1: They called the carnival glitter and like you said this, 686 00:41:12,000 --> 00:41:14,520 Speaker 1: I mean it's really sad. But this guy's daughter was 687 00:41:14,560 --> 00:41:17,840 Speaker 1: like rubbing it on her skin and her bed sheets, 688 00:41:17,960 --> 00:41:21,560 Speaker 1: and uh, they were just enamored with this stuff. So again, 689 00:41:21,600 --> 00:41:24,120 Speaker 1: a lot of people died from this. Um well, four 690 00:41:24,120 --> 00:41:26,960 Speaker 1: people died for still, it's a lot, you know, four 691 00:41:26,960 --> 00:41:31,560 Speaker 1: people died, but they two people had significant levels of 692 00:41:31,600 --> 00:41:35,240 Speaker 1: material in their body. And hundred and twelve thousand people 693 00:41:35,280 --> 00:41:40,040 Speaker 1: were examined and they demolished several square city blocks, just 694 00:41:40,160 --> 00:41:42,600 Speaker 1: gone like this is contaminated, we have to get rid 695 00:41:42,640 --> 00:41:45,800 Speaker 1: of it. They just leveled parts of that city. Yeah, 696 00:41:46,239 --> 00:41:49,840 Speaker 1: it was crazy, all because some guys like broke into 697 00:41:49,880 --> 00:41:53,880 Speaker 1: an X ray machine because somebody just left it in 698 00:41:53,920 --> 00:41:57,920 Speaker 1: an abandoned hospital. Yeah. I think there were guards, but 699 00:41:58,000 --> 00:42:00,920 Speaker 1: the guard was off duty or something. There still shouldn't 700 00:42:00,920 --> 00:42:03,759 Speaker 1: be like X ray machines in a hospital. Yeah, that 701 00:42:03,880 --> 00:42:06,640 Speaker 1: was I think. I think they ended up there being 702 00:42:06,680 --> 00:42:11,279 Speaker 1: lotsuits and I would hope so, man, So that's it, right, 703 00:42:11,560 --> 00:42:15,560 Speaker 1: I got nothing else I don't either. That's a radiation sickness. 704 00:42:15,960 --> 00:42:18,839 Speaker 1: We hope that this save you or someone you love 705 00:42:19,120 --> 00:42:21,200 Speaker 1: if you're ever going through an abandoned hospital and you 706 00:42:21,280 --> 00:42:24,680 Speaker 1: come across an extray machine. Don't crack it open, just 707 00:42:24,840 --> 00:42:27,800 Speaker 1: observe it from afar. Well, we always talk about exploring 708 00:42:27,840 --> 00:42:32,440 Speaker 1: abandoned structures and it's super dangerous. Oh yeah, they're all 709 00:42:32,560 --> 00:42:35,680 Speaker 1: fraught with dangers. They definitely are, and probably when you 710 00:42:35,680 --> 00:42:39,319 Speaker 1: wouldn't think about something like this, you know, have I 711 00:42:39,360 --> 00:42:44,040 Speaker 1: ever talked about Grossingers? I don't think so. Man, there's 712 00:42:44,040 --> 00:42:47,719 Speaker 1: this one side about Grossingers. It's just it's a it's 713 00:42:47,719 --> 00:42:50,960 Speaker 1: a cat skills resort that was abandoned in the eighties. 714 00:42:51,040 --> 00:42:54,800 Speaker 1: It's just now it's almost completely reclaimed by the forest. 715 00:42:55,280 --> 00:42:59,600 Speaker 1: But about five ten years ago somebody went and documented it. 716 00:42:59,600 --> 00:43:03,040 Speaker 1: I like peak decay where the structures are still there 717 00:43:03,080 --> 00:43:06,799 Speaker 1: because it's totally coming in so fascinating. I don't know, 718 00:43:06,920 --> 00:43:09,560 Speaker 1: but it's there. There's I can't remember what the name 719 00:43:09,560 --> 00:43:11,200 Speaker 1: of the site is, but it's grossing Jersey. And this 720 00:43:11,239 --> 00:43:14,359 Speaker 1: guy went many many years, like over many times over 721 00:43:14,400 --> 00:43:17,160 Speaker 1: the years and documented it. And I think his dad 722 00:43:17,200 --> 00:43:20,440 Speaker 1: was the caretaker there as the place was shutting down, 723 00:43:20,719 --> 00:43:22,600 Speaker 1: so he knew the place really well. And he has 724 00:43:22,640 --> 00:43:25,200 Speaker 1: like old photos from while it was still in use 725 00:43:25,680 --> 00:43:29,359 Speaker 1: to compare and contrast. It's just amazing. Yeah, I thought 726 00:43:29,360 --> 00:43:31,560 Speaker 1: you were gonna say it was completely overtaken now by 727 00:43:31,600 --> 00:43:36,359 Speaker 1: forest fairies, and that's what I meant. And the Hulk. 728 00:43:36,960 --> 00:43:40,760 Speaker 1: Have you ever seen Hulk Hodgeman? It's a Twitter account 729 00:43:40,840 --> 00:43:44,000 Speaker 1: where it's like stuff Hodgeman says that. I would say, yeah, 730 00:43:44,120 --> 00:43:47,160 Speaker 1: but as the Hulk. I mean, I've heard the Hulk 731 00:43:47,239 --> 00:43:50,160 Speaker 1: for other things, but not there's one for I'm not 732 00:43:50,200 --> 00:43:52,839 Speaker 1: sure how he feels about it. Sounds you gotta check 733 00:43:52,840 --> 00:43:59,239 Speaker 1: it out. Well, mind is swirling? Alright? Uh did you 734 00:43:59,280 --> 00:44:01,640 Speaker 1: say listener mail? Oh no, If you want to know 735 00:44:01,680 --> 00:44:04,080 Speaker 1: more about radiation sickness, you can type those words in 736 00:44:04,120 --> 00:44:06,399 Speaker 1: the search bar. How stuff works. And since I said 737 00:44:06,440 --> 00:44:11,920 Speaker 1: search parts, time for listening. Now, I'm gonna call this 738 00:44:12,320 --> 00:44:15,320 Speaker 1: something I've never really thought about before. Hey, guys, my 739 00:44:15,360 --> 00:44:19,480 Speaker 1: loyal listener from the very beginning, I've listened to every 740 00:44:19,520 --> 00:44:25,279 Speaker 1: podcast and watched all of your TV shows episodes, um, 741 00:44:25,320 --> 00:44:27,920 Speaker 1: and most, if not all, of your Internet roundups. How 742 00:44:27,960 --> 00:44:33,279 Speaker 1: about that this person is Yeah, yeah, I'm writing about 743 00:44:33,280 --> 00:44:34,960 Speaker 1: a very serious topic and one that is dear to 744 00:44:35,000 --> 00:44:37,640 Speaker 1: my heart. Uh. The high rate of physician and medical 745 00:44:37,680 --> 00:44:40,680 Speaker 1: students suicide. Uh. This one of the highest stress careers 746 00:44:40,680 --> 00:44:43,319 Speaker 1: in terms of training, debt, work schedule and trying not 747 00:44:43,400 --> 00:44:45,600 Speaker 1: to take on the stress of every one of your 748 00:44:45,640 --> 00:44:49,000 Speaker 1: patients that you see. You are not allowed. I'm sorry. 749 00:44:49,000 --> 00:44:52,440 Speaker 1: We she's speaking first person. We are not allowed to 750 00:44:52,520 --> 00:44:56,000 Speaker 1: have any mental health weaknesses where we risk being labeled 751 00:44:56,040 --> 00:44:59,120 Speaker 1: a liability by medical board, employers, are peers, and even 752 00:44:59,120 --> 00:45:01,880 Speaker 1: our own patients. Um, I really thought about that. You 753 00:45:01,920 --> 00:45:06,360 Speaker 1: know you can't like stoic doctors. Whateverybody wants our school 754 00:45:06,360 --> 00:45:09,759 Speaker 1: I see, I want a wacky doctor Adams. Yeah, like 755 00:45:09,760 --> 00:45:12,080 Speaker 1: a whoopie cushion or joy buzzer. Every now and then 756 00:45:14,280 --> 00:45:16,360 Speaker 1: our schooling and training or grueling, it can be emotional 757 00:45:16,560 --> 00:45:19,600 Speaker 1: roller coaster. We're sleep deprived, made to feel inadequate on 758 00:45:19,600 --> 00:45:22,839 Speaker 1: a daily basis, and often humiliated and belittled in front 759 00:45:22,840 --> 00:45:25,720 Speaker 1: of our peers. She said it was tougher than eleven 760 00:45:25,760 --> 00:45:28,880 Speaker 1: years in the army. We're supposed to convince our patients 761 00:45:28,920 --> 00:45:30,960 Speaker 1: to seek help when they need it, but we are 762 00:45:31,640 --> 00:45:35,120 Speaker 1: certain to harm our own careers if we personally reach 763 00:45:35,160 --> 00:45:38,160 Speaker 1: out for help. So she said that in recent years 764 00:45:38,200 --> 00:45:41,400 Speaker 1: she had a hit close to home. Classmate committed suicide 765 00:45:41,400 --> 00:45:45,480 Speaker 1: before graduating, and his parents have spoken out UH and 766 00:45:45,560 --> 00:45:49,319 Speaker 1: have gotten together with a filmmaker to create a documentary 767 00:45:49,320 --> 00:45:53,359 Speaker 1: called Do No Harm UH exposing the silent epidemic. So 768 00:45:53,400 --> 00:45:55,319 Speaker 1: they have a lot of support. Um, you can go 769 00:45:55,360 --> 00:45:58,680 Speaker 1: to their Facebook page UH Facebook dot com slash do 770 00:45:58,760 --> 00:46:02,000 Speaker 1: No Harm the film, and um they have a Kickstarter 771 00:46:02,120 --> 00:46:04,680 Speaker 1: that you can look up if you just google kickstarter 772 00:46:04,760 --> 00:46:07,680 Speaker 1: do No Harm documentary there really close. That's just a 773 00:46:07,680 --> 00:46:11,120 Speaker 1: couple of thousand away from their benching funds. So I 774 00:46:11,200 --> 00:46:14,120 Speaker 1: think they are going to maybe even by this time 775 00:46:14,120 --> 00:46:16,879 Speaker 1: it will be done. But if anyone out there felt 776 00:46:16,920 --> 00:46:18,719 Speaker 1: like phone a few dollars their away, they'll be great. 777 00:46:19,000 --> 00:46:22,960 Speaker 1: So that's from Brooklyn Bertel's, a fourth year medical student. 778 00:46:23,480 --> 00:46:26,200 Speaker 1: Thanks a lot, Brooklyn, It's really that was a great email. 779 00:46:26,360 --> 00:46:30,880 Speaker 1: It took a really a turn at the at the beginning, right, Yeah, 780 00:46:30,960 --> 00:46:34,040 Speaker 1: So thanks for that. Um. And if you guys want, 781 00:46:34,080 --> 00:46:36,600 Speaker 1: you can go help that kickstarter out. If you want 782 00:46:36,600 --> 00:46:38,440 Speaker 1: to hang out with us, you can hang out with 783 00:46:38,520 --> 00:46:40,640 Speaker 1: us on Twitter at s y s K podcast in 784 00:46:40,680 --> 00:46:43,560 Speaker 1: the same for Instagram. You can join us on Facebook 785 00:46:43,600 --> 00:46:45,680 Speaker 1: dot com slash stuff. You should know. You can send 786 00:46:45,760 --> 00:46:48,160 Speaker 1: us an email to Stuff podcast at how Stuff Works 787 00:46:48,160 --> 00:46:50,759 Speaker 1: dot com and as always, joined us at at Home 788 00:46:50,800 --> 00:46:57,960 Speaker 1: on the Web Stuff you Should know dot com. For 789 00:46:58,040 --> 00:47:00,560 Speaker 1: more on this and thousands of other topics, visit how 790 00:47:00,600 --> 00:47:08,640 Speaker 1: staff Works dot com. MHM