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Speaker 1: Hey, their dear listener. It's Marie Noo Hossan and today

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Speaker 1: we're sharing with you episode two of the Network. It's

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Speaker 1: a new series that Latino USA co produced with NPR's

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Speaker 1: Embedded podcast. Now, if you haven't listened to the first episode,

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Speaker 1: of course, I recommend that you do that first. Check

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Speaker 1: it out on the embedded feed or listen to last

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Speaker 1: week's Latino USA podcast. In the first episode, Latino USA

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Speaker 1: producers Marta Martinez and Victoria Estrada traveled to Brazil in

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Speaker 1: order to trace the roots of an unexpected discovery, an

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Speaker 1: ulcer pill that could be used to have safe abortions

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Speaker 1: without a doctor. A network of Brazilian women started whispering

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Speaker 1: about that pill, Cytotech. It's the commercial name of Miso Prosto,

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Speaker 1: which is also known as Miso. But that's not where

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Speaker 1: the story ends, because soon word of that discovery would

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Speaker 1: cross borders, and it brought the network into a new

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Speaker 1: era in which women were using new tactics to get

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Speaker 1: the word out and they started working on a much

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Speaker 1: larger scale. Mittoria and Martha are going to take it

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Speaker 1: from here. This is episode two of the network.

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Speaker 2: Saintotech. That was the name that some Brazilian doctors started

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Speaker 2: calling sidetech in the nineteen eighties because far fewer women

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Speaker 2: were dying from abortion complications thanks to this ulcer pill,

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Speaker 2: but not everyone was ready to canonize it. During the nineties,

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Speaker 2: the Brazilian government cracked down on side attack the commercial

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Speaker 2: name of misoprostol, or Misto for short. Eventually, the government

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Speaker 2: banned the medication and labeled it a controlled substance, which

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Speaker 2: meant miso had restrictions similar to what dangerous drugs like

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Speaker 2: fentanyl now have, and conditions got harsh for women who

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Speaker 2: had abortions. The government targeted them more and more arrested them.

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Speaker 2: In charge is distributing me so and what prosecutors called

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Speaker 2: self induced abortion.

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Speaker 3: Oh my fashion.

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Speaker 4: A cleaning lady has been arrested. She suspected of having

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Speaker 4: a clandestine abortion.

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Speaker 5: But despite official attempts to control me so, the secret

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Speaker 5: was out Reproactive health workers in Latin America heard about

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Speaker 5: the pill when they traveled. Some people got some from Columbia,

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Speaker 5: and then some people got some from Brazil from a

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Speaker 5: Peruvian city in the Amazon jungle. And she said, here

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Speaker 5: we use a bill, And I said, what bill is that?

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Speaker 5: Two huge feminist gatherings across Latin America called quintros, where

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Speaker 5: women chatted about it in the hallways.

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Speaker 3: We were in a group talking and they said.

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Speaker 6: Look, we've been using Cytottech and it's working well.

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Speaker 5: Part of the pill was moving out of Brazil to

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Speaker 5: countries where abortion was also mostly banned and deeply stigmatized.

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Speaker 1: And so we were just like, well, well, how do

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Speaker 1: we use.

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Speaker 2: This activists who are getting their hands on me? So

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Speaker 2: saw its potential widespread access to safe abortions, but to

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Speaker 2: make that happen, they needed to get organized, which sparked

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Speaker 2: a whole new set of questions.

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Speaker 5: How could they talk about something that had been almost unspeakable,

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Speaker 5: and even if they did, was talking enough. This episode,

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Speaker 5: we're going to Ecuador, Argentina, and Mexico, all places where

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Speaker 5: the women who make up this diffuse network took on

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Speaker 5: these questions, teaming up, challenging each other, sometimes even breaking

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Speaker 5: the law to change it. I'm Marta MARTINEV, I'm Victoria Estrada,

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Speaker 5: and this is the network A serious about the diy

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Speaker 5: me that took safe abortions out of the clinic and

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Speaker 5: the women who made it happen.

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Speaker 2: Episode two, Breaking Bread the activist in Latin America who

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Speaker 2: knew about Miso had a problem. Abortion was highly criminalized,

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Speaker 2: it was stigmatized. How could they get women access to

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Speaker 2: something illegal, something that was shrouded in shame.

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Speaker 5: The obvious option was to keep the conversation and their

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Speaker 5: actions hidden, whispering sister to sister, and that's basically what

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Speaker 5: happened for more than a decade.

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Speaker 2: But in two thousand and eight, activists in Latin America

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Speaker 2: took a totally different tack. In the middle of Quito, Ecuador,

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Speaker 2: there's a statue of a virgin lavir ghindl Panicido. She's

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Speaker 2: slightly taller than Rio di Janeto's famous Christ the Redeemer.

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Speaker 2: She has wings spread out like an angel. One day,

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Speaker 2: a group of women decided to pull a stunt. They

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Speaker 2: were a mix of Ecuadorian activists and activists from Women

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Speaker 2: on Waves, an abortion axis organization based in the Netherlands.

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Speaker 2: They plotted how to get to the statue's balcony without

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Speaker 2: attracting attention.

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Speaker 3: There are two guards there, so we need some beautiful

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Speaker 3: blonze to distract them.

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Speaker 2: A twenty fourteen documentary called Vessel recorded their efforts.

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Speaker 3: We are occupying the Virgin let a lot of women.

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Speaker 2: They hung a big white banner on the balcony of

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Speaker 2: the Virgin Statue. The banner said safe abortion with a

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Speaker 2: phone number. That number was for the first abortion hotline

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Speaker 2: in Latin America. The documentary shows them getting nearly eighty

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Speaker 2: calls within the first few hours.

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Speaker 6: Hello saloons.

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Speaker 2: This idea for a hotline and the stunt promoting it

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Speaker 2: through the Latin American network into a new, more public era.

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Speaker 2: They reached thousands of women this way. Their work was bold,

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Speaker 2: it was organized, and maybe most importantly, it was replicable.

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Speaker 2: Women in other countries had been watching what happened in Ecuador,

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Speaker 2: and a.

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Speaker 5: Year later Argentina started its own hotline, and so initial.

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Speaker 4: In the beginning, the hot line was so bare bones

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Speaker 4: the view of the We had a small backpack with

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Speaker 4: the Nokia eleven hundred.

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Speaker 5: Militian and notebooks and.

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Speaker 4: Flash cards and a process we had built rigorously.

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Speaker 5: This is Anamins, one of the first volunteers of the

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Speaker 5: Argentinian helpline. She was part of the collective Lesbians and

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Speaker 5: Feminists for Abortion Decriminalization. She and I talked in her

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Speaker 5: living room in Buenos Aires, with her cat sitting on

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Speaker 5: her lap. It was starting to face. She told me

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Speaker 5: that when they started the helpline in the summer of

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Speaker 5: two thousand and nine, they were just a dozen volunteers.

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Speaker 5: They didn't climb a statue. Instead, they put up posters

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Speaker 5: and stickers all over Buenos Aires. They were on TV

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Speaker 5: where they shared their phone number AKINCE, and they had

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Speaker 5: a weekly radio show on the channel Agent. Pretty Soon

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Speaker 5: the helpline was flooded with calls.

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Speaker 4: Demand was four more. It was always for a lot more.

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Speaker 5: Volunteers gave callers step by step information on how to

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Speaker 5: self manage an abortion.

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Speaker 2: With MISO and Argentina, no one had ever done what

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Speaker 2: this collective was doing, speaking so openly about abortions and

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Speaker 2: how to do it on your own. Not everyone was

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Speaker 2: happy about it.

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Speaker 5: I said, do we have to do this so public?

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Speaker 5: You are nuts.

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Speaker 2: This is Mariana Romero, the executive director of STATIS, the

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Speaker 2: Center for State and Society Studies. She's a prominent reproductive

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Speaker 2: health researcher and advocate for abortion rights in Argentina. Marianna

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Speaker 2: and other feminists worried that the helpline could inadvertently reduce

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Speaker 2: access to me.

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Speaker 6: So you are going to make the pharmaceutical company that

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Speaker 6: produced mysoposal take it out of that market.

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Speaker 2: That wasn't the only risk of their work. The helpline

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Speaker 2: was operating in uncharted territory since abortion was mostly banned.

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Speaker 2: The volunteers worried any work they did on abortion could

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Speaker 2: put them or the women they helped in jail. But

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Speaker 2: as the years passed, no helpline volunteers were ever arrested.

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Speaker 5: And so they got more provocative with the way they

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Speaker 5: talked about abortion. A year after launching the helpline, they

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Speaker 5: printed a manual explaining how to self manage an abortion

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Speaker 5: by taking miso without a doctor. It's thorough, more than

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Speaker 5: one hundred pages long. The cover is all pink, with

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Speaker 5: two big rainbows and a bunch of bills with smiley

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Speaker 5: faces and on the back.

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Speaker 4: On the back, I had a picture of a Barbie

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Speaker 4: and a huge rainbow.

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Speaker 5: She's in a pink convertible with sunglasses and a glamorous

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Speaker 5: scarf over her head.

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Speaker 4: And in a fun fun it said Barbie had to go.

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Speaker 4: It was awesome, Barbie said.

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Speaker 5: Anna says women were hungry for this information.

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Speaker 4: It was a best seller. I had two printings of

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Speaker 4: ten thousand copies each.

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Speaker 5: Anna like a lot of the early helpline volunteers is

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Speaker 5: a lesbian. She saw echoes of her own experience in

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Speaker 5: the shame and stigma that women faced when they wanted

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Speaker 5: an abortion. She says the helpline and the manual were

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Speaker 5: driven by a lesbian philosophy.

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Speaker 4: The now closet, refusing to be in the closet no

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Speaker 4: stigma of getting out there and saying yes, we're.

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Speaker 5: Here, being public was one pillar of the helpline strategy.

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Speaker 5: The other was relying on science. Both the manual and

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Speaker 5: the script that the helpline volunteers used were based on

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Speaker 5: scientific research.

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Speaker 2: Starting in the nineties, researchers from around the world had

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Speaker 2: taken an interest in what Latin American activists had been doing.

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Speaker 2: They ran studies on women taking miso to end their

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Speaker 2: pregnancies in places all over the globe, from Africa to

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Speaker 2: Southeast Asia. Sometimes researchers worked in partnership with the activist.

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Speaker 2: Over and over. They found that using miso in this

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Speaker 2: way was safe and effective, and they developed best practices

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Speaker 2: for it. Their research led the World Health Organization to

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Speaker 2: add miso to its Essential Medicines list in two thousand

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Speaker 2: and five. Helpline volunteers cited this body of research on

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Speaker 2: their calls, and it gave them credibility. By the twenty tens,

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Speaker 2: the helpline and the manual were disseminating all that scientific

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Speaker 2: information to tens of thousands of women in Argentina.

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Speaker 5: Anna herself was able to help thousands of women through

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Speaker 5: the helpline, but sometimes as she spoke to women, Anna

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Speaker 5: wanted to stay in touch.

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Speaker 4: If a specific story affected me and made me anxious

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Speaker 4: and I wanted to stay involved, a colleague would say, no, no,

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Speaker 4: it's not your role. We didn't have the capacity, and

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Speaker 4: in political terms, that wasn't our project.

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Speaker 2: But other activists were concerned. They were aware of all

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Speaker 2: the hype around abortion health lines, but skeptical about the approach.

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Speaker 3: How do you know for sure that those women are

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Speaker 3: not at risk? You gave them information and then what no.

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Speaker 5: Less concilio.

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Speaker 3: Did she get appeals or didn't she? Did she end

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Speaker 3: up in the hospital? Did she do something wrong? You

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Speaker 3: actually don't know anything.

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Speaker 2: This is Veronica Cruz who goes by Verto. She's an

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Speaker 2: activist in Mexico doing something completely different than the helplines,

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Speaker 2: something that would push the envelope much further. After the break,

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Speaker 2: we follow Vetro to Mexico.

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Speaker 5: The helplines, the Barbie manual. All of it was aimed

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Speaker 5: at spreading the word about Miso and changing how people

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Speaker 5: were talking about abortion.

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Speaker 2: But Veronica, who you heard for the break and who

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Speaker 2: goes vi Vero didn't think spreading information was enough. She

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Speaker 2: used a different strategy in the feminist collective she started

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Speaker 2: in Mexico. The collective is called Las Libres, which means

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Speaker 2: the free.

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Speaker 7: Las libres is maybe de la compagna Minto's maybe deloiquatro

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Speaker 7: cie Las.

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Speaker 3: Libres is my life. A companiamentto is my life. I

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Speaker 3: can do it twenty four to seven.

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Speaker 2: A companiamento. That's the name of her approach.

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Speaker 5: Usually people translate a companiamento as accompaniment. It's not a

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Speaker 5: word you use in English very often, but in Spanish

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Speaker 5: you hear it all the time. It can mean being

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Speaker 5: with someone but also supporting them or just keeping them company.

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Speaker 2: I love the root of the word, which comes from

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Speaker 2: Latin companies. It means the people you break bread with,

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Speaker 2: your companions, the people you trust.

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Speaker 5: And for abortion, it's come to mean being there during

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Speaker 5: the whole process, from beginning to end, regardless of the legal.

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Speaker 2: Risks based on our reporting. Veto's collective Las Liveres, was

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Speaker 2: the first group in Latin America and possibly the world,

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Speaker 2: to start doing accompanimento with miso why not Positions? I

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Speaker 2: visited Veto last fall at the Las Liveres office in Juanajuato,

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Speaker 2: a city in central Mexico. Wow, stovill la vista. Their

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Speaker 2: office is more homey than corporate. It's in a three

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Speaker 2: story house that's nestled into the hills.

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Speaker 5: Akisi Yea.

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Speaker 2: Veto founded lasire Is nearly a decade before any of

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Speaker 2: the helplines started. At the time, abortion in Mexico was

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Speaker 2: essentially banned in the state where Veto lives. The only

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Speaker 2: exception was for women who were raped, but even in

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Speaker 2: those cases, hospitals often denied women the right to the procedure.

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Speaker 2: So Vedo was working with a Gayna college is to

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Speaker 2: help women who'd been raped get legal abortions, and in

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Speaker 2: two thousand, this doctor, like a growing number of doctors

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Speaker 2: around the world, started to use miso for abortions. Veto

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Speaker 2: remembers the first time she saw the doctor give a

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Speaker 2: woman miso.

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Speaker 5: I was like, what, no way.

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Speaker 2: It was nothing like a surgical abortion, and Veto had

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Speaker 2: a realization I mean I.

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Speaker 3: Can do it cost Yes, I can just buy the

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Speaker 3: pills tell the woman how to use them. That was

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Speaker 3: like an incredible discovery for me.

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Speaker 2: Not long after, a woman came to the last Liveless

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Speaker 2: office Medico.

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Speaker 3: She told me I'm not a rape victim, but I

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Speaker 3: also want to interrupt.

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Speaker 2: Interrupt her pregnancy. This woman didn't qualify for legal abortion

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Speaker 2: in Mexico because she wasn't a rape survivor. So Veto

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Speaker 2: didn't send her to the doctor.

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Speaker 6: And I think.

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Speaker 5: Victim Ada lession I.

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Speaker 3: Said, we don't have to tell anyone if she was

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Speaker 3: or wasn't a victim, that it's going to stay here

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Speaker 3: between us.

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Speaker 2: Veto decided to accompany the woman through the whole process,

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Speaker 2: even though it was risky. Where Vero lived, any method

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Speaker 2: of ending a pregnancy that wasn't a result of rape

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Speaker 2: carried a prison sentence for the woman and anyone who

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Speaker 2: helped her. But unlike in Brazil, in Mexico, misa was

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Speaker 2: easy to get. Even though you technically needed a prescription,

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Speaker 2: you could often get it over the counter. So Veto

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Speaker 2: told the woman to just go buy the pills, and

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Speaker 2: she did. She got the miso and went home.

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Speaker 5: Sando I was always.

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Speaker 2: Monitoring her for any complications. Even though Veto had seen

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Speaker 2: how the pills work, how easy it was to use them,

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Speaker 2: she says it was nerve wracking to support someone through

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Speaker 2: an abortion without a doctor.

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Speaker 3: Then, so I slept with my cel phone on my

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Speaker 3: chest all the time, like in case it rank or something.

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Speaker 2: The next day, the woman went to a doctor who

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Speaker 2: confirmed her pregnancy had ended without any complications. Veto's first

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Speaker 2: time doing accompaniamento had gone smoothly. After that, when someone

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Speaker 2: contacted las Levitz for an abortion and they were not

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Speaker 2: rape survivors, Las Leivas didn't send her to the kindacologists

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Speaker 2: they'd been working with. They handled it themselves.

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Speaker 3: We promised ourselves that we were never going to leave

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Speaker 3: anyone without access whatever we had to do.

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Speaker 2: If a woman couldn't afford to buy miso, which was

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Speaker 2: expensive in Mexico, Las Leaves would give her the pills

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Speaker 2: for free. If a woman could afford me. So sometimes

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Speaker 2: she had left over pills. Veto suggested what to do

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Speaker 2: with them.

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Speaker 6: Q two.

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Speaker 3: I told them the next woman who comes, you are

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Speaker 3: going to give her the pills as a gift, and

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Speaker 3: you are going to tell her about your experience.

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Speaker 2: Veto would set up a meeting between the two women

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Speaker 2: in a park or at a mall. The woman who'd

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Speaker 2: had an abortion would share her leftover pills and her story. Eventually,

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Speaker 2: some women did this even when Vedo hadn't asked so.

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Speaker 7: So for Multiply Candon multiplic Cando multiply Candle.

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Speaker 3: That was multiplying and multiplying and multiplying.

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Speaker 2: By connecting women directly one by one, Las Livides was

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Speaker 2: recruiting volunteers and growing the network a person.

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Speaker 3: There are people from those beginnings who are still at

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Speaker 3: company or even started their own groups.

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Speaker 2: Les Livides helped create accompaniment networks that today reached every

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Speaker 2: state in Mexico. But over the years some activists criticized

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Speaker 2: Veto's approach. For them, real change was changed ing the law.

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Speaker 2: Veto remembers one conference where activists told her that what

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Speaker 2: she was doing compromised their movement for abortion rights. They

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Speaker 2: didn't want to be associated with people like her who

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Speaker 2: were breaking the law.

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Speaker 3: They said that what we were doing of accompanying the

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Speaker 3: women and giving them the bills was risky for us,

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Speaker 3: for us and for the whole movement Portos, because if

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Speaker 3: they arrest you, it's like they are going to come

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Speaker 3: for everyone.

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Speaker 2: But Veto believed the system she'd help create was necessary

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Speaker 2: and more humane than what the helplines across Latin America offered.

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Speaker 2: And she actually didn't care if others were worried that

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Speaker 2: her methods might damage legalization efforts.

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Speaker 5: Mamselle, if we got.

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Speaker 3: Down the legalization route, we'll never finish, or it will

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Speaker 3: take a very long time, so we need concrete answers.

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Speaker 5: Many activists in the network across Latin America found themselves

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Speaker 5: on opposite sides. Some were fighting to legalize abortion. Those

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Speaker 5: women were playing the long game, you might say. Others

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Speaker 5: were actively breaking the law because women who needed abortions

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Speaker 5: immediately couldn't wait until the law changed. But one group

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Speaker 5: realized they didn't have to make a choice between the

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Speaker 5: two sides. That's after the break A companiaminto with me

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Speaker 5: So started in Mexico, but in Argentina women took it

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Speaker 5: to the next level. Last fall, I went to a

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Speaker 5: feminist gathering called an Inquentro was being held in a

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Speaker 5: small Argentine city called San Salvador de Hujui near the

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Speaker 5: Andes Mountains. The days of women whispering about me So

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Speaker 5: in the hallways those are long gone. I've never seen

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Speaker 5: so many women together here. Absolutely more than fifty thousand

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Speaker 5: women flooded this town, and there was one woman you

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Speaker 5: just couldn't miss. Her name is Ruth Surrichen. At the Encuentros,

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Speaker 5: She's usually the person with the megaphone and seemingly endless energy.

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Speaker 5: Ruth is one of the founders of the Argentinian Accompaniment

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Speaker 5: network so Corista sendriv, which translates to first Responders Network.

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Speaker 5: Even traveling doesn't keep her from doing accompaniamento. Ruth told

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Speaker 5: me she was going to accompany three women in between

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Speaker 5: her packs schedule at the Endquentron, and one of them

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Speaker 5: is going to be using Miso proussel tonight at around

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Speaker 5: eleven thirty pm, so I'll be there. Bruce took the

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Speaker 5: accompaniamento model and scaled it. She started Socaristas and Dread

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Speaker 5: in twenty twelve. It's now the biggest abortion accompaniment collective

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Speaker 5: in the world. And to make that happen, she and

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Speaker 5: the Socaristas decided to build systems, turning the art of

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Speaker 5: accompaniamento into a science that started with a simple step,

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Speaker 5: not exactly a revolutionary one.

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Speaker 7: Yea Mohamunavia we said, let's make a form, yeah, amasumo,

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Speaker 7: let's do a little follow up.

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Speaker 5: The Socaristas survey was exhaustive, so that's amar.

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Speaker 7: We were annoying, really annoying with the women.

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Speaker 5: They asked straightforward questions like how many weeks pregnant were you?

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Speaker 5: Did you have a successful abortions? You need to tell

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Speaker 5: us because this is going to be useful for others.

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Speaker 3: He important.

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Speaker 5: Other questions were more personal, why did you decide to

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Speaker 5: have an abortion? Does your partner know? Are you religious?

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Speaker 7: And I think it's because we were conscious that we

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Speaker 7: were also producing science prosamba.

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Speaker 5: They tracked the data on spreadsheets, carefully documenting trends in

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Speaker 5: women's experiences self managing with Miso and the Socaristas quickly

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Speaker 5: noticed that a lot of women were finding them in

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Speaker 5: pretty unexpected ways.

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Speaker 7: Thirty percent had come to us recommended by healthcare professionals,

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Speaker 7: and that's when we said, Greta, what's happening, queneson who

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Speaker 7: are they?

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Speaker 5: Ruth was surprised. In general, doctors in Argentina were not

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Speaker 5: on board with abortion, especially when they weren't happening in

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Speaker 5: hosts hospitals. So Socoristas wanted to understand why medical staff

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Speaker 5: were referring patients to them a group that was working

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Speaker 5: outside the medical system and the law, so they used

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Speaker 5: gorilla tactics to build relationships with them. They started scheduling

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Speaker 5: appointments with these doctors as if they were personal appointments,

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Speaker 5: so that they could talk to them in private.

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Speaker 7: Marnavin and we started creating a bond with professional medical staff,

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Speaker 7: and then we started asking them, what's the problem if

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Speaker 7: you write two prescriptions a month for us and nothing right?

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Speaker 7: And they write us two or three prescriptions for us

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Speaker 7: with different dates, and we'd get male names from friends

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Speaker 7: or sons la retas and the prescriptions would be under

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Speaker 7: male names.

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Speaker 5: Not something socoristas do anymore. And when they did it,

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Speaker 5: it was illegal. Many feminists weren't comfortable with Ruth's work.

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Speaker 5: She was a little bit too radical for me. This

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Speaker 5: is Mariana Romero again, she's the reproductive health researcher you

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Speaker 5: heard earlier who thought to legalize abortion in Argentina.

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Speaker 6: Radical how well, because they were open about having abortions

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Speaker 6: at home and being with women having their abortions at home.

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Speaker 5: I was like, what, just like with les levities in Mexico,

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Speaker 5: Feminists in Argentina worried that Socoristas would damage their country's

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Speaker 5: movement for abortion rights because it would be associated with

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Speaker 5: criminal activity, but some of the doctors and nurses Agorista's

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Speaker 5: scheduled appointments with were happy to help, even though they

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Speaker 5: risked losing their license. I talked to a couple of them,

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Speaker 5: and obgin named Gabrila Lucetti said sending patients who needed

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Speaker 5: an abortion to the Sokoristas wasn't a hard choice, said demos.

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Speaker 3: Do you know what we felt, Olivia, Relief, Ivase.

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Speaker 6: Someone was going to do what we didn't dare to

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Speaker 6: because we had a license and we were afraid of

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Speaker 6: the law.

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Speaker 7: Alais.

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Speaker 5: A general practitioner named Naria Scharbowski told me she gladly

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Speaker 5: signed the prescription every once in a while confience.

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Speaker 3: I trusted them and I believed in the practice, but

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Speaker 3: also to feel like I was contributing in a tiny way.

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Speaker 5: A few years later, research showed that doctors had reason

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Speaker 5: to trust the Sokoristas. A study published in an influential

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Speaker 5: academic journal called The Lancet Global Health found that abortions

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Speaker 5: with the Socoristas support were just as safe and effective

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Speaker 5: as those that happened in a clinic, and then in twenty.

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Speaker 1: Eighteen, Argentine lawmakers began an historic debate on legalizing abortion.

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Speaker 2: More than a thousand, thirty years after feminists in Argentina

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Speaker 2: started a movement to legalize abortion, the Argentina and Congress

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Speaker 2: considered a law that would make abortion a right. More

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Speaker 2: than seven hundred people gave speeches at the Congress, including

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Speaker 2: helpline volunteers and the soaparistas. Since socaristas had been accompanying

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Speaker 2: women through their abortions, they had specific stories they could share.

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Speaker 2: This is a socarista reading the words of women who

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Speaker 2: sought the collective's help for modios. But they came from

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00:27:47,520 --> 00:27:52,360
Speaker 2: different class backgrounds and needed abortions for different reasons. One

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Speaker 2: was in college and another had lost your job. Another

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Speaker 2: had recently separated from her partner.

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Speaker 5: Chicos no Kiromas.

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Speaker 2: Sogoristas had all these stories from the survey responses. The

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Speaker 2: data they've been tracking for five years. In that time

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Speaker 2: did accompanied nearly twenty thousand abortions.

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Speaker 5: This data challenged beliefs that Argentinians had Sogaristas showed that

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Speaker 5: the women who are most likely to have abortions were

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Speaker 5: already mothers, and that many of them were religious.

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Speaker 7: Here's Ruth Againita, How did so Gorristas contribute? The one

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Speaker 7: thing I considered the most important is that we erased

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Speaker 7: the idea of abortion as a clandestine practice. We said,

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Speaker 7: people here are having abortions. You can have a safe abortion,

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Speaker 7: yes see, and you can do it at home.

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Speaker 5: Some of the other feminists who testified in front of Congress,

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Speaker 5: like the researcher Mariana Rometo, had been critical of the Socorristas,

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Speaker 5: but she and other skeptics came around.

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Speaker 6: They were radical. But if they weren't, I don't know

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Speaker 6: if things would have happened the way they happened.

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Speaker 5: From sharing information about the pills in hallways at feminist

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Speaker 5: gatherings to taking abortion out of the closet to building

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Speaker 5: a whole support system for women having self managed abortions.

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Speaker 5: Feminist efforts decade after decade helped change the law, and

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Speaker 5: in twenty twenty one, abortion became legal in Argentina. Now

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Speaker 5: any woman can go to a hospital or a community

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Speaker 5: clinic and ask for an abortion up to fourteen weeks

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Speaker 5: planation needed, and it became common practice for doctors to

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Speaker 5: prescribe miso for abortion.

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Speaker 2: Argentina was just the beginning the campaign there to legalize abortion,

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Speaker 2: which brought together a broad range of feminist groups inspired

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Speaker 2: feminists all over Latin America. Argentinians made the green bandana

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Speaker 2: the symbol for their movement, and the fight to legalize

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Speaker 2: abortion across the region became known as the Green Wave,

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Speaker 2: and then within a couple of years, Colombia and Mexico

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Speaker 2: decriminalized abortion.

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Speaker 3: Mexico's Supreme Court has declared loudly and clearly that access

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Speaker 3: to abortion care is a human right.

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Speaker 2: This major legal shift made news all over the world.

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Speaker 8: In other words, Mexico just got its Row versus Wade today.

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Speaker 2: And at the center of this whole movement was a

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Speaker 2: tiny pill.

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Speaker 7: Mis technology misso brussel is a technological revolution that when

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Speaker 7: you put it in the hands of women and those

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Speaker 7: who need an abortion, heinera is saut. It generates another revolution.

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Speaker 7: It's a cultural, social, political, medical revolution.

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Speaker 5: But the news up north sounded very different.

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Speaker 8: Thank you for joining us on a day that changed

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Speaker 8: America or outside the Supreme Court after the landmark decision

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Speaker 8: that overturned Roe versus Weighed and ended a woman's constitutional

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Speaker 8: right to an abortion. As you can see behind.

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Speaker 5: The same year Columbia decriminalized abortion, the US was moving

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Speaker 5: in the opposite direction.

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Speaker 3: Are just absolutely terrified, outrage, discussed anger.

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Speaker 8: They are experiencing biraling anxiety in some states, like we're

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Speaker 8: talking about homicide charges.

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Speaker 5: In our final episode, we follow the network to the

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Speaker 5: United States. Yeah, we've certainly been called drug dealers. We've

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Speaker 5: been called murderers, abortionists, you know, you name it. That's

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Speaker 5: next time on the network. All episodes of the network

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Speaker 5: are available right now.

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Speaker 2: If you want more about the network, like photos from

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Speaker 2: Martha's trip to Argentina, go to NPR dot org slash

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Speaker 2: Embedded Network. That's NPR dot org slash embedded Network.

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Speaker 5: The Network from Embedded is a collaboration with Latino USA,

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Speaker 5: a production of Futuro Media.

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Speaker 2: This episode was produced by Adelina Lancianese, Ariana Garibli, Nica

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00:33:00,320 --> 00:33:04,760
Speaker 2: Moreles Garcia, and Abby Wendel. Rayna Cohen edited the series.

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Speaker 5: Fact checking by Cecil Davis Vasquez and Nicolet Kahan. Robert

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Speaker 5: Rodriguez mastered the episode.

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Speaker 2: Leanna Simpstrom is our supervising senior producer. Katie Simon is

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Speaker 2: our supervising senior editor. Ireneagucci is our executive producer, and

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Speaker 2: Colin Campbell is the Senior Vice President for Podcasting at MPR.

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Speaker 5: The embedded team also includes Luis Treis and Dan Germa.

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Speaker 2: From Latino USA. Our executive producers are Merlin Bishop and

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Speaker 2: Pennile Raminez, and our production managers are Jessica Ellis and

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Speaker 2: Nancy Druchuillo.

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Speaker 5: Thanks to our Managing Editor of Standards and Practices, Tony Kevin,

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Speaker 5: and to Johannes Durghi and Micah Ratner for legal support

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00:33:48,640 --> 00:33:53,360
Speaker 5: and Tommy Evans, MPR's managing editor Editorial Review. Our visuals

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Speaker 5: editor is Emily Bogel. Original tail art by Luke Medina, voiceovers.

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Speaker 2: By Alejandra Marquez, Hanse Lauas Tobarra, Mariavasquez, Rosamontees, Monica Moreles Garcia,

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Speaker 2: Gabriela Simon, se de Jidro and Andrea de Alva Alvarez.

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Speaker 5: Special thanks to d red Wine, Susanna Chavez, Alisa Caccpardoel Caino,

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Speaker 5: Mabuel Bianco, Julia mcgrenod Spades, Alissa add Warni, Selina Simons

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Speaker 5: Steffen and Kiara Eisner.

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Speaker 2: Archival footage from Urine News, vessel Agenza Pado and the

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Speaker 2: YouTube channel for the National Campaign for Safe, Legal and

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Speaker 2: Free Abortions in Argentina and a big thanks to our

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Speaker 2: embedded plus supporters.

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Speaker 5: I'm Marta Martinez.

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Speaker 2: I'm Victoria Strada.

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Speaker 5: This is embedded from MPR.

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Speaker 2: Thanks for listening.

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Speaker 5: For Escuta.

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Speaker 4: Latino USA is brought to you in part by the

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Speaker 4: Levi Strauss Foundation, outfitting movements and leaders fighting for more

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Speaker 4: just and abundant world, with the support from the International

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Speaker 4: Women's Media Foundation as part of its Reproductive Health, Rights

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Speaker 4: and Justice in the America's initiative, and the v Day

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Speaker 4: Foundation