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Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve Camray.

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Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to stump Mom Never told

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Speaker 1: you farm House top Works dot Com. Hey, and welcome

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Speaker 1: to the podcast. I'm Kristen and I'm Molly. Molly. One

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Speaker 1: way that I take after my mother is that we

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Speaker 1: both have super cold hands, but you both have warm hearts.

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Speaker 1: I hope so, or else i'd probably did. I feel

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Speaker 1: like that's one thing that my mother told me a lot. Yes,

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Speaker 1: cold hands, warm heart. Yeah, I mean, because you know,

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Speaker 1: I have noticed as a child, of course, that she

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Speaker 1: often had cold hands, and She's christ and called hands

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Speaker 1: warm hoore, And so as I grew up in my

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Speaker 1: hands took after hers and are often cold. You know,

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Speaker 1: I just I think the same thing I always think

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Speaker 1: of my mom and my heads and cold hands warm horror.

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Speaker 1: And what we found out this week is that that

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Speaker 1: expression completely true. It is true. Yeah, a lot of

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Speaker 1: times women will have warmer temperatures inside in our core

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Speaker 1: than men and yet externally cold. And we're going to

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Speaker 1: explain that phenomenon right now. Our episode is why do

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Speaker 1: women feel colder than men? Why do they run colder?

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Speaker 1: Why when you are at the office. Is a woman

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Speaker 1: shivering right next to a guy who's just like you know,

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Speaker 1: got a traffical Hawaiian shirt on, wearing flip flops in shore.

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Speaker 1: Its mean, what is there some real reason as to

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Speaker 1: why you know, we're always called in the office and

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Speaker 1: the guys aren't. It's probably due to our delicate constitution.

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Speaker 1: Is the weaker sex? Oh, I'm sure, I'm sure, jking, jking. Well,

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Speaker 1: first of all, it might have something to do with

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Speaker 1: a little extra subcutaneous fat. We don't have an extra

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Speaker 1: layer of fat, which is how some people will often

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Speaker 1: describe it, but we do have more of a particular

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Speaker 1: layer of fat, and this may play some role in

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Speaker 1: keeping us warm. Yes, and I think we should say

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Speaker 1: before we go any further, that you know, the ninety

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Speaker 1: eight point six degrees fahrenheit average temperature we're supposed to have.

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Speaker 1: This was discovered by a German physician in the nineteenth

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Speaker 1: century named Carl Reinhold August who compiled roughly a million

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Speaker 1: armpit temperature readings from twenty five thousand patients. But we

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Speaker 1: gotta remember that ninety eight point six is average of

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Speaker 1: both men and women, and there was a study finding

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Speaker 1: that women's body temperature was on average point three degrees

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Speaker 1: higher than men, So women are about nine point four

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Speaker 1: degrees whereas men are ninety eight point one degrees. And

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Speaker 1: you know, some people will try and do this study.

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Speaker 1: You're taking it, taking the temperature rectly orally, um, you know,

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Speaker 1: the armpit may not be the best way to measure it.

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Speaker 1: But no matter how they've done it, they have usually

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Speaker 1: found that the woman runs slightly, ever so slightly a

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Speaker 1: higher temperature, which might seem counterintuitive because we might think, well,

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Speaker 1: if we're warmer inside, why are we running colder outside. Well,

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Speaker 1: let's talk about vaso constriction to address that question, Kristen,

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Speaker 1: there is a theory, and again all of these are

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Speaker 1: just sort of reasons to add up to, you know,

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Speaker 1: a theory. No one knows for sure the one defining

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Speaker 1: thing that makes women feel colder than men. But one

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Speaker 1: of the main leading contenders in this, in this race

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Speaker 1: to figure it out, is vaso constriction. The thought that

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Speaker 1: women when uh, when they're hypothalamus, the body's temperature generator.

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Speaker 1: We talked about this part of the brain in hot flashes.

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Speaker 1: When that part of the brain senses something that's cold,

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Speaker 1: it immediately constricts our blood vessels, so that all the

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Speaker 1: heat goes straight into our core. Keeps our heartwarm, it

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Speaker 1: keeps our our stomach warm, maybe in case there's a

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Speaker 1: baby in there, again our delicate constitution feeding into that.

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Speaker 1: But all our all our warmth is centered from our

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Speaker 1: shoulders to our hips. It's just it's all there. And

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Speaker 1: so that's why you sometimes see survival guides say that

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Speaker 1: if you're cold, if you're freezing to death, you put

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Speaker 1: your hands down your pants or under your armpits or something,

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Speaker 1: because all your heat is just along the trunk of

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Speaker 1: your body um, and so all that blood is rushing

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Speaker 1: away from our hands and our feet. All our extremities

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Speaker 1: are are just you know, they've got no blood flow.

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Speaker 1: They're so cold. And when our extremities since the cold,

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Speaker 1: it makes us feel cold all over, even though our

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Speaker 1: core is going to be warmer than men. So in

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Speaker 1: a way, we might be tougher in the cold in

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Speaker 1: the long run if our core stays stays, if we

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Speaker 1: can keep our extremities covered, because uh, the extremities are

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Speaker 1: gonna be what registers as cold. When you're you know,

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Speaker 1: if you head out into a blustery day, your hands

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Speaker 1: are gonna be the first thing that's cold. So um,

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Speaker 1: you know, it's not that you're cold or overall than

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Speaker 1: a guy. It's just that you know, you've gotta gotta

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Speaker 1: protect your hands well. And we've also got to talk

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Speaker 1: about surface to volume ratio of the body, all right.

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Speaker 1: So the idea is that the heat generated by the

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Speaker 1: human body is determined by the volume. So the bigger

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Speaker 1: you are, the more heat you will generate. But heat

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Speaker 1: dissipation or heat spreading out is determined by surface ay

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Speaker 1: the skin surface aery. The more surface area you have,

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Speaker 1: the more heat you will lose. And women um have

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Speaker 1: a higher ratio of surface to volume than men because

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Speaker 1: we're smaller in size, so we generate less heat. But

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Speaker 1: then we have all of the heat that we're losing

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Speaker 1: from our surface area, so we might lose heat faster

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Speaker 1: than guys. Can I tell you, Christen, how they did

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Speaker 1: one of these studies that measured this surface area of

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Speaker 1: volume hypothesis? Please do? They had um, all these men

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Speaker 1: and women submerged in ice cold water for certain periods

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Speaker 1: of time, and then they took a rectal temperature and

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Speaker 1: then we put them back in the water. And you know,

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Speaker 1: we've talked before about studies we don't want to be

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Speaker 1: a part of, and I'm going to say that might

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Speaker 1: be number one for me. Yeah, a lot of these

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Speaker 1: cold temperature studies have very small sample sizes because who

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Speaker 1: they always involve immersion in ice water and that sounds awful. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: not like they just go to an office and go, hey,

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Speaker 1: these women seem to be colder than than the guys.

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Speaker 1: What's going on? Yeah? They always sound super painful, which

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Speaker 1: is maybe why we can't definitively say, you know, whether

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Speaker 1: it's the surface era thing versus the vasto constriction thing,

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Speaker 1: because who wants to be studied for this? Yeah? And

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Speaker 1: also it's not only a matter of gender that makes

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Speaker 1: the person more sensitive, more or less sensitive to the cold.

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Speaker 1: We have factors like fitness, age, your diet, sleep, whether

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Speaker 1: you're stressed, whether you're stressed out, and in general humans

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Speaker 1: just aren't built for cold weather. Were more tropical creatures,

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Speaker 1: and we actually have four times as many cold sensors

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Speaker 1: as hot sensors on in our skin, So it makes

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Speaker 1: sense that we are generally more more sensitive and more

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Speaker 1: reactive to cold. And also an article from The Times

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Speaker 1: Online points out that the human body is only efficient,

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Speaker 1: so that energy we're producing is being released as heat.

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Speaker 1: So if our bodies were cars would be very not

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Speaker 1: fuel efficient the world. All right, I'm gonna give you

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Speaker 1: one more sort of gender related topic. There's a theory

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Speaker 1: that women get colder while they're on their periods. Yes,

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Speaker 1: because hormones are going crazy, because you might have anemia

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Speaker 1: from losing blood. This hasn't improven, but again it's just

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Speaker 1: one of those theories out there. But I found it

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Speaker 1: interesting because the idea of hormones affecting women feeling cold

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Speaker 1: or hot popped up again when I was looking into

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Speaker 1: a little condition called ray nodes disease. And this is

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Speaker 1: when imagine cold hands to the extreme, when extreme cold

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Speaker 1: kind of makes your blood vessels spasm and your your

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Speaker 1: fingers just lose all color, they just turn white, and um,

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Speaker 1: it affects women nine times more than men, and it

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Speaker 1: may affect um as many as twenty of childbearing women.

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Speaker 1: It's just when it gets cold, your hands go crazy.

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Speaker 1: And it's sometimes it's just a nuisance, you know, would

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Speaker 1: wear gloves, you figure it out. Sometimes it gonna be

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Speaker 1: more serious. Yeah, a lot of times you'll people can

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Speaker 1: tell what's that it's happening because their hands will turn

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Speaker 1: from white to blue sometimes and most people just have

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Speaker 1: rain noses like the primary disease. It's just, you know,

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Speaker 1: it's a thing on its own. For some women, it

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Speaker 1: is the first symptom of something like lupus or sclare derma.

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Speaker 1: So that's why it's it's something to check out to

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Speaker 1: make sure it's UM primary not secondary, and a doctor

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Speaker 1: can tell you some ways to UM to deal. It

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Speaker 1: might be carrying more gloves around than the average person,

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Speaker 1: but I was reading an interview with an expert on

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Speaker 1: the condition. He thinks that it might be because women

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Speaker 1: have more estrogen. Could be, but we've focused a lot

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Speaker 1: on gender, with women feeling colder than men. And while

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Speaker 1: the those those studies on core temperature indicate that, yes,

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Speaker 1: we might be warmer inside and colder outside, anecdotally that

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Speaker 1: is not always the case. There was an article we

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Speaker 1: tracked down in the New York Times UM full of

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Speaker 1: stories about couples, heterosexual couples who homosexual couples. Oh yeah,

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Speaker 1: in homosexual couples who um could not agree on a temperature.

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Speaker 1: They would have like dual dual side of electric blankets

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Speaker 1: because one person needed to be hot in the bed,

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Speaker 1: the other person needed to stay cold. People who would

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Speaker 1: get in fights over the temperature in a room, and

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Speaker 1: the author was basically pointing out that, you know, in

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Speaker 1: some cases it was the wife who was colder, some

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Speaker 1: cases it was a husband, and even in gay couples

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Speaker 1: there would still be the differences. Yeah, it's sort of

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Speaker 1: the one source we found that did not automatically assume

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Speaker 1: that women would be the colder sex that you know,

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Speaker 1: if in same sex relationships, uh, there would there be

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Speaker 1: a disagreement, and then that sometimes the husband would feel colder.

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Speaker 1: But yeah, her reaction was get a get a dual

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Speaker 1: like a dual electric blanket, so you can each set

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Speaker 1: your own temperature, and to not take it personally when

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Speaker 1: you're significant other is spiting you by turning the thermostat up.

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Speaker 1: But she said, you know, you've got to accept this

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Speaker 1: is something they really feel and they're not doing this

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Speaker 1: to make you feel uncomfortable. A lot of people take

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Speaker 1: it really personally when they say these places a sauna,

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Speaker 1: why won't you turn the heat down? I mean it's

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Speaker 1: they're really that cold. Because it's not just a random

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Speaker 1: subjective thing. Like we said, there are factors like weight.

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Speaker 1: I mean, the more body fat you have, the more

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Speaker 1: insulation you have, so you tend to not be as

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Speaker 1: cold a lot of times. If you're more fit, you

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Speaker 1: have more muscle mass, it might allow you to regulate

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Speaker 1: body temperature more efficiently. Diet can make a difference where

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Speaker 1: you're getting all those vitamins, minerals, proteins, vegetables, and then

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Speaker 1: you have things like ray nodes like you mentioned that

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Speaker 1: might make you extremely sensitive sensitive to the cold. But

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Speaker 1: there has been um one study that estimates that seventy

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Speaker 1: two degrees fahrenheit or twenty two point two degrees celsius

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Speaker 1: is the middle range comfort level for the workplace, although

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Speaker 1: another study found it was twenty five degrees celsius or

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Speaker 1: seventy seven degrees fahrenheit. And Um, I will say that

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Speaker 1: I think this office tends to be colder than hotter.

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Speaker 1: What do you think, Kristen, Um, Yeah, I guess so.

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Speaker 1: But that might have to do with our stress levels.

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Speaker 1: Maybe we feel colder because we're stressed in the workplace,

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Speaker 1: in stress about putting on the perfect podcast. Yeah, it's

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Speaker 1: getting stress tends to tends to make you feel colder.

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Speaker 1: Although I will say if you do feel really cool

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Speaker 1: in your workplace? I feel like it's worth saying something

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Speaker 1: because another study showed that the cold people were far

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Speaker 1: less productive than the overheated people, because you're just work

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Speaker 1: I mean, like you know, when your hands are want

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Speaker 1: a type, Sometimes I'll go print things off the printer

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Speaker 1: just to hold something more. It probably is hard to

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Speaker 1: type in it, And yes it is, I can say

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Speaker 1: from experience. And we have those little mouse paths in

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Speaker 1: the middle of our computers that don't register when a

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Speaker 1: when a gloved finger touches them. Have you really typed

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Speaker 1: in gloves at off enough to know that the mouse

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Speaker 1: doesn't work when you type in them? Who? I didn't know?

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Speaker 1: You know what I think? Even though I do have

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Speaker 1: probably colder hands than you do, I might. I might

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Speaker 1: be the warmer blood of us smalling fingerless gloves. I

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Speaker 1: can save your life to do a electric blanket. So

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Speaker 1: that's what we learned about whether women run colder. It's

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Speaker 1: another one of those things where researchers aren't quite sure

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Speaker 1: we've given you the best ideas, But at this point

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Speaker 1: we're going to have to open it up to you

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Speaker 1: guys and see what you think about the phenomenons. You

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Speaker 1: fit the stereotypes, not fit the stereotype. Do you have

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Speaker 1: ray notes? How do you stay warm when your office

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Speaker 1: is for reusing things like that? We want to hear

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Speaker 1: from you. It's mom stuff at how stuff works dot com.

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Speaker 1: And we've got time for an email or two. All right,

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Speaker 1: I've got an email here from Ashley and it's about

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Speaker 1: the objective sexuality episode And as she writes, I am

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Speaker 1: rather frustrated that people are even allowed to marry unanimate

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Speaker 1: objects and then it gains media attention for those individuals.

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Speaker 1: It is equivalent to rate because it is fundamentally non consensual.

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Speaker 1: It should not be considered the same as homosexual your

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Speaker 1: head or sexuality because in these relationships, both parties have

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Speaker 1: the ability to consent. Even if the Eiffel Tower had feelings,

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Speaker 1: we could not know if it is okay with being

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Speaker 1: married to someone since it is not able to express

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Speaker 1: its will. And isn't it rather bold to assume that,

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Speaker 1: out of all the people in the world, you're the

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Speaker 1: one whom the Eiffel Tower is in love with. So

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Speaker 1: something to think about. Thanks? Actually, well, I have one

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Speaker 1: here from Catherine and this is in response to our

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Speaker 1: podcast on lying, and she writes, I'm in the vast

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Speaker 1: minority as someone who would not only always rather hear

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Speaker 1: the truth, even if it's painful to hear, but will

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Speaker 1: not intentionally tell an untrue If a friend makes a

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Speaker 1: dinner that's not tasty for whatever reason, I will tell

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Speaker 1: them what I did enjoy about it, but will not

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Speaker 1: necessarily state what I didn't enjoy. I made very uncomfortable

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Speaker 1: by lying, and it's in the last few years that

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Speaker 1: I've started making a real effort to avoid it. I've

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Speaker 1: had a lot of friends that lie, and when they

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Speaker 1: get caught in it, they lie more to try to

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Speaker 1: excuse it. That bothers me. I don't tell the whole

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Speaker 1: truth about everything, but any friend I can't be honest

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Speaker 1: with or that won't be honest with me, is not

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Speaker 1: a friend I need to have in my life. There

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Speaker 1: you go, So thank you so much to everyone who

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Speaker 1: has written in and keep the emails coming. It's Mom

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Speaker 1: Stuff at how stuff works dot com. You can also

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Speaker 1: get in touch with us via Facebook and follow us

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Speaker 1: on Twitter at Mom's Stuff podcast, and of course you

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Speaker 1: can check out our blog. We'd love for you to

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Speaker 1: stuff Mom Never Told You at how stuff works dot

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Speaker 1: com for moralness, and thousands of other topics. Visit how

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Speaker 1: stuff Works dot com To learn more about the podcast.

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Speaker 1: Click on the podcast icon in the upper right corner

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Speaker 1: of our homepage. The How Stuff Works I fone app

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Speaker 1: by the reinvented two thousand twelve Camray. It's ready, are

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Speaker 1: you