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Speaker 1: You're listening to Part Time Genius, the production of Kaleidoscope

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Speaker 1: and iHeartRadio.

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Speaker 2: Guess what mango was that?

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Speaker 1: Well?

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Speaker 2: All right, So I was reading up on ancient Greek

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Speaker 2: theater this week, which you know I like to do

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Speaker 2: every October very personal reasons. I don't want to get

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Speaker 2: into it, and I came across this story about an

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Speaker 2: Athenian actor name he Geligos, and he once mispronounced a

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Speaker 2: word so badly that it tanked his entire career. That

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Speaker 2: sounds so harsh, like just one word tanked his career?

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Speaker 2: What was the word? Well, so here's the story. This

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Speaker 2: happened back in the spring of four hundred and eight BC,

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Speaker 2: and it was during the premiere performance of Orestes. This

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Speaker 2: was this tragedy written by Euripides. He was playing the

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Speaker 2: lead role, and in a scene where his character recovers

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Speaker 2: from a bout of madness, he's supposed to say, quote,

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Speaker 2: after the storm, I see once more a calm, But

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Speaker 2: because he was rushing to get the line out, there's

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Speaker 2: this word in it, galen, and he says it with

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Speaker 2: the wrong inflection, which changed the meaning from calm to weasel,

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Speaker 2: Like that's a different word. Those are yeah, I always

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Speaker 2: think that's an improvement. Well, it was actually worse than

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Speaker 2: it sounds, because in ancient Greece, seeing a weasel was

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Speaker 2: considered a really bad omen So the mispronunciation not only

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Speaker 2: made the line sound sillier, it also conveyed the exact

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Speaker 2: opposite mood. Instead of being this optimistic line about feeling better,

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Speaker 2: it became this ominous line about him having bad luck.

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Speaker 1: And it was actually that big of a mistake just

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Speaker 1: mispronouncing this one word.

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Speaker 2: I'm telling you it ruined his whole career. So comic

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Speaker 2: playwrights of the era teased him mercilessly and even referenced

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Speaker 2: him by name in their own play. This killed his

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Speaker 2: reputation as an actor, to the point that he never

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Speaker 2: acted again after that one flub. It also gave him

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Speaker 2: a different level of fame than his contemporaries. Like basically,

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Speaker 2: even though ancient Greek tragedies are the bedrock of Western theater,

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Speaker 2: we usually don't have record of the actors who appeared

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Speaker 2: in the original performances. You don't hear the names of

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Speaker 2: any of them except for Geligos, who we still know

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Speaker 2: for this mistake, and this was definitely not the legacy

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Speaker 2: he would have hoped for, but it is still his legacy.

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Speaker 2: No such thing as bad publicity. No, that's exactly right.

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Speaker 2: So we're often hearing about the seven wonders of the

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Speaker 2: ancient world, so today I thought it might be fun

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Speaker 2: to explore the seven biggest blunders of the ancient world instead.

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Speaker 2: This slip of the tongue is just the first on

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Speaker 2: the list, but that still leaves six more gafts to go,

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Speaker 2: so let's dive in. Hey, their podcast listeners, welcome to

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Speaker 2: Part Time Genie. I'm Will Pearson, and as always I'm

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Speaker 2: joined by my good friend mangsh Hot ticketter and on

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Speaker 2: the other side of that soundproof glass wearing a It

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Speaker 2: took me a minute to read this, but it says

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Speaker 2: po body's nerfic T shirt. He's so clear, so clever,

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Speaker 2: clever a picture of a great sphinx on it. That's

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Speaker 2: our friend and producer Dylan fag and he's just always

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Speaker 2: one upping the last thing he's done.

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Speaker 1: So I am actually glad that Dylan referenced the sphinx

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Speaker 1: because I considered adding the sphinx to our list, specifically

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Speaker 1: because of that broken nose it has, but once I

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Speaker 1: started looking into it, I realized the nose wasn't broken

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Speaker 1: off by mistake.

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Speaker 2: This is one of those stories that I feel like

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Speaker 2: I've heard a few times that I never can like,

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Speaker 2: wasn't it cut off on purpose? Or shot off by

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Speaker 2: French troops or something like that. No one actually knows

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Speaker 2: who did it for sure.

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Speaker 1: There have been all these rumors over the years that

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Speaker 1: it was Napoleon soldiers they had blasted the nose off

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Speaker 1: with the cannonball in the seventeen nineties. That was the rumor,

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Speaker 1: But most historians actually think that the schnaws was chiseled

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Speaker 1: off in the late fourteenth century and chiseled off like

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Speaker 1: it's a mass of nos that's huge. The most likely

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Speaker 1: culprit was this man named Mohammad Sayim al Dhar and

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Speaker 1: apparently the Egyptian peasants of the era had started making

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Speaker 1: offerings to the sphinx in the idea that it would

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Speaker 1: improve their harvests or whatever. But when Aldaar found out,

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Speaker 1: he was so outraged by this idolatry that he destroyed

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Speaker 1: the sphinx.

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Speaker 2: Nose just despite them. Wow, So did the villagers kind

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Speaker 2: of snap out of it after that or what? No,

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Speaker 2: they executed him for vandalism. Oh god. Okay, yeah, so

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Speaker 2: far we've talked about some people that they're just lives,

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Speaker 2: have gone poorly after things. But all right, so now

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Speaker 2: that we've got that nose story out of the way,

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Speaker 2: what's your first fact? Mango?

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Speaker 1: Okay, So I actually kind of want to stick with

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Speaker 1: Egypt for a minute, because not only is it home

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Speaker 1: to the only ancient wonder that still exists, the Great

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Speaker 1: Pyramid of Giza, but it's also home to a true

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Speaker 1: anciente blunder called the Bent Pyramid. Have you ever seen this?

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Speaker 2: Actually have not.

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Speaker 1: I'm actually going to put a photo here, but the

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Speaker 1: three hundred and thirty foot tall Bent Pyramid of Dashu

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Speaker 1: Where was built for pharaoh Sneffru in about twenty six

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Speaker 1: hundred BCE, and its name stems from an engineering issue

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Speaker 1: that required the builders to abruptly change the angle of

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Speaker 1: the pyramid slope about halfway through the construction.

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Speaker 2: Yeah. I'm just looking at this picture, and the slope

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Speaker 2: really does change drastically right there in the middle of

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Speaker 2: the pyramid, Like the lower portion looks so much deeper

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Speaker 2: than the top. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: So the whole thing was originally designed to be built

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Speaker 1: at a fifty four degree angle, which would have given

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Speaker 1: it smooth, straight angles that you see on traditional pyramids.

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Speaker 1: But as the builders added more and more layers of blocks,

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Speaker 1: these cracks started appearing in the structure, and they realized

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Speaker 1: it would probably collapse if they kept going, and so

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Speaker 1: after a bit of number crunching, they decided to reduce

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Speaker 1: the angle for the upper portion to a much more

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Speaker 1: stable forty three degrees.

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Speaker 2: I guess it worked. It's still standing today, and you

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Speaker 2: could argue that the slightly curved appearance is part of

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Speaker 2: the landmark's charm. I guess. But I'm curious why the

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Speaker 2: Egyptians made such a mistake in the first place. I mean,

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Speaker 2: building pyramids feels like kind of their thing, you know.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, yeah, Egyptians are well known for building pyramids. I

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Speaker 1: think we're going to break that fact, right, Yeah, okay,

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Speaker 1: But Snepfer's bent pyramid was.

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Speaker 2: Kind of in early work.

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Speaker 1: It was just the second pyramid burial structure that the

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Speaker 1: Egyptians had ever constructed. The first one had been built

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Speaker 1: about two hundred years earlier, southwest of Cairo. And the

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Speaker 1: interesting thing about that one is it was actually a

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Speaker 1: stone step pyramid, So the kinds you see in like

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Speaker 1: Central America, rather than a smooth faced one like the

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Speaker 1: kind that they would later become famous for.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, so I guess this bent pyramid was in this

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Speaker 2: transitional phase where they were still trying to figure out

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Speaker 2: what it really meant or what it needed to build

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Speaker 2: a pyramid.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, they were still fine tuning the process, and obviously

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Speaker 1: there was a fair amount of trial and error along

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Speaker 1: the way. The Egyptians learned from this mistake, and once

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Speaker 1: the Bent Pyramid was finished, they built a second, more

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Speaker 1: successful one for the same pharaoh, This three hundred and

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Speaker 1: forty foot tall, smooth side red pyramid, and it's just

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Speaker 1: to the north and the future pyramids built in the area.

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Speaker 1: It was built at that same forty three degree angle

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Speaker 1: that saved the Bent pyramid. I don't know what it

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Speaker 1: is about forty three degrees, but it just works.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, and definitely does. That's every when we want to

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Speaker 2: build a pyramid. All right, Well, I've got an architectural

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Speaker 2: mishap to add to our list as well, except mine

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Speaker 2: is more of an ecological oversight than some sort of

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Speaker 2: design flaw. All so, I'm gonna give you a little

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Speaker 2: bit of background here. This was in the Great Maya

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Speaker 2: city called to Call and that formed around six hundred BCE.

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Speaker 2: Now to Call started as this tiny village in what's

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Speaker 2: now Guatemala, but over the course of about one thousand

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Speaker 2: years it developed into this full blown jungle metropolis so

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Speaker 2: to call hit its stride between three hundred and nine

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Speaker 2: hundred CE, and at the peak of its power in

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Speaker 2: the mid eighth century, it boasted upwards of sixty thousand inhabitants,

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Speaker 2: so there was a lot of people living in one place,

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Speaker 2: making it one of the largest and most powerful city

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Speaker 2: states in all of the Americas.

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Speaker 1: And I'm guessing the architecture there was pretty impressive as well.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, the architecture is actually pretty stunning. So they're these

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Speaker 2: one hundred foot tall temples more than two dozen pyramids.

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Speaker 2: But maybe most impressively, it also had this highly advanced

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Speaker 2: water management system that was there to help residents survive

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Speaker 2: the region's dry season. So this included a series of

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Speaker 2: dams reservoirs that collected and stored as much rain water

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Speaker 2: as possible, as well as these paved sloping plazas to

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Speaker 2: help direct the water where it needed to go. So

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Speaker 2: the city even had this sand filtration system to keep

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Speaker 2: the water clean, so really advanced systems.

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Speaker 1: That sounds gorgeous actually, and I'm guessing all that water

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Speaker 1: work was necessary because of where the city was located.

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Speaker 2: That's exactly right, Like the city was built in the

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Speaker 2: middle of this dense rainforest and people didn't have easy

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Speaker 2: access to lakes or rivers, so that's how the city

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Speaker 2: compensated for this. But what's ironic is that the very

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Speaker 2: system that helped to Call survive droughts and dry spells

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Speaker 2: also led to its downfall. And much of the Maya

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Speaker 2: Kingdom collapsed at the turn of the ninth century, and

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Speaker 2: in fact, to Call seems to have been outright abandoned,

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Speaker 2: like with all of its structures left completely intact, as

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Speaker 2: if everyone just picked up and left at some point.

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Speaker 2: So for the longest time, there's been this mystery about

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Speaker 2: what caused the city's demise. It obviously wasn't a violent struggle,

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Speaker 2: as there were no signs of damage to the city,

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Speaker 2: so that led historians to conclude that the city's collapse

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Speaker 2: was probably related to droughts and overpopulation.

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Speaker 1: And we're saying the fancy water system that the city has,

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Speaker 1: that's the reason that they left.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, So there was this very recent study. It was

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Speaker 2: back in twenty twenty that was published in Scientific Reports Journal,

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Speaker 2: and it was this investigation of to Call's reservoirs, and

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Speaker 2: they revealed that they were dangerously polluted with high levels

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Speaker 2: of mercury. And not only that, scientists also found traces

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Speaker 2: of very toxic algae blooms. Now, the presence of mercury

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Speaker 2: is most likely attributed to a red mineral called cinebar

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Speaker 2: or mercuric sulfide, which the ancient mile widely used as

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Speaker 2: a pigment or a die for various things. So, for example,

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Speaker 2: the city's temples and the main palace were said to

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Speaker 2: be caked in cinnabar, which means that during the rainy season,

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Speaker 2: all that mercury rich powder, it just washed right off

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Speaker 2: the buildings. Yeah, so you know, it's not good news.

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Speaker 2: And so thanks to those sloping plazas, this just flowed

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Speaker 2: straight down into the city's reservoirs and obtained the water

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Speaker 2: supply of course. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: And so obviously with people drinking and cooking with all

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Speaker 1: this poisoned water, they.

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Speaker 2: Must have started getting sick, right, very sick. Once the

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Speaker 2: blue green algae began to bloom in those phosphate filled reservoirs.

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Speaker 2: The locals could probably tell from the site and smell

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Speaker 2: alone that the water was no longer safe to drink.

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Speaker 1: And I guess what's weird about this is that the

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Speaker 1: entire population just gets up and leaves, right. I mean,

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Speaker 1: this civilization has lasted what like a thousand years, and

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Speaker 1: it feels like they'd almost wanted to fight to save

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Speaker 1: their city a little bit more.

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Speaker 2: Well, you've got to keep in mind that Takol was

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Speaker 2: already struggling due to intensifying droughts. So even if they're

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Speaker 2: was a way to fix the pollution, the residents really

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Speaker 2: didn't have the time to implement it. Like, they obviously

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Speaker 2: needed to deal with this immediately, and so they had

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Speaker 2: to find a new water supply. And there's also the

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Speaker 2: religious component to consider. So water was sacred to the

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Speaker 2: Maya because it was key to their whole existence, So

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Speaker 2: when their supply suddenly went bad in the middle of

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Speaker 2: a terrible drought, they likely took it as a sign

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Speaker 2: that the gods were displeased with them. So from a

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Speaker 2: practical standpoint and a symbolic one, abandoning their once great

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Speaker 2: city probably felt like the most sensible option.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I guess it's a luxury to be able to

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Speaker 1: learn from your mistakes. Like when you think about the

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Speaker 1: Egyptians working on that bent pyramid, they make this awkward pyramid,

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Speaker 1: and then they have time to reflect and figure out

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Speaker 1: like how to make the next one perfect. Right, But

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Speaker 1: for the Maya, they don't really have a chance to

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Speaker 1: be scientific.

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Speaker 2: In order to survive. They just have to scramble. Yeah. Yeah,

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Speaker 2: Actually it's funny that you put it that way, because

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Speaker 2: the next blunder on my list is from someone who

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Speaker 2: also had to walk away in order to survive a mistake,

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Speaker 2: but in his case there was a literal dead elephant

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Speaker 2: blocking the exit. How about that for a tease? Mango.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I have no idea what you're talking about, but

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Speaker 1: I'm very curious. So let's take a quick commercial break

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Speaker 1: and then you can tell me all about it. You're

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Speaker 1: listening to Part Time Genius and we're talking about the

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Speaker 1: seven blunders of the Ancient World.

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Speaker 2: So will where are you taking us next? All right?

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Speaker 2: So for this one, we're headed back to ancient Greece

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Speaker 2: to about the third century BCE, which was a tumultuous

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Speaker 2: time in the Mediterranean. The recent death of Alexander the

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Speaker 2: Great had created this serious power vacuum, and all of

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Speaker 2: his former generals and allies were competing to fill it.

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Speaker 2: And one of the would be successors King Pirus was

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Speaker 2: this ruler from northern Greece, and he managed to extend

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Speaker 2: his domain by winning their victories against the armies of Macedonia.

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Speaker 2: Now this was in the year two eighty, and that's

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Speaker 2: when he set his sights on conquering Rome. So Piras

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Speaker 2: sailed to Italy with about thirty thousand soldiers and twenty

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Speaker 2: war elephants, marking the first time that elephants had ever

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Speaker 2: been seen on the peninsula.

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Speaker 1: So this must predate Hannibal and the Alps, then, I guess.

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Speaker 2: By about sixty years, so not not a ton of time.

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Speaker 2: But as you might imagine, the Romans on the battlefield

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Speaker 2: were pretty freaked out by the site of these enormous

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Speaker 2: armored ann I can't even imagine if I had never

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Speaker 2: seen an elephant. But even with the advantage of intimidation,

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Speaker 2: Peiris only barely pulled out a win. In fact, the

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Speaker 2: number of casualties he sustained was so high that the

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Speaker 2: Greek historian Plutarch quoted him as having said, quote, if

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Speaker 2: we are victorious. In one more battle with the Romans,

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Speaker 2: we shall be utterly ruined. So you can imagine that

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Speaker 2: these were hard won battles. So King Pierris became well

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Speaker 2: known for his narrow winds, and people started using the

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Speaker 2: expression pyic victory, which of course means a victory that

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Speaker 2: comes at such great costs that it's almost like a defeat.

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Speaker 2: It's funny.

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Speaker 1: I remember taking a class on the moguls in college,

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Speaker 1: and elephants are obviously so massive and so intimidating, but

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Speaker 1: they also scare incredibly quickly, and so they're not great

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Speaker 1: war animals.

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Speaker 2: I can imagine that, especially if you let a bunch

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Speaker 2: of mice loose. I mean, that's what I hear. Have

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Speaker 2: no idea whether that's true, it's not true. So I

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Speaker 2: haven't even gotten to his real mistake. If you remember

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Speaker 2: that amazing tease before the commercial breath, the dead elephant

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Speaker 2: blocking the doorway. Do you remember this? Okay, So, after

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Speaker 2: a series of skin of his teeth victories in Italy,

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Speaker 2: Pearis actually started losing battles. So in two seventy five

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Speaker 2: he retreats back to Greece and begins making a play

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Speaker 2: for the throne of mast on first, he targeted Sparta,

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Speaker 2: but when the city state proves resistant to his attacks,

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Speaker 2: he turns his focus north to Argos. I've always thought

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Speaker 2: this was interesting in military history, where they're like, I'm

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Speaker 2: gonna go beat these people and then I can't, like,

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Speaker 2: oh no, no, I'll go over here. But it's interesting

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Speaker 2: to think about it. But now Pierce had no trouble

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Speaker 2: breaking through the city's defenses, thanks once again to his

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Speaker 2: pack of giant elephants. But once he's inside, he finds

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Speaker 2: it really difficult to maneuver through the narrow streets, and

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Speaker 2: his forces are quickly overwhelmed. And to make matters worse,

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Speaker 2: Peers's forces keep pouring into the city even after he

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Speaker 2: had ordered a retreat, and in the scuffle that followed,

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Speaker 2: one of the elephants, the largest one, falls down right

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Speaker 2: in front of the main gate, which sends the other

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Speaker 2: elephants into a panic, and they start rampaging through the city,

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Speaker 2: basically crushing everything.

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Speaker 1: I mean, can you imagine, like there's no reverse on

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Speaker 1: an elephant, Like you're in these narrow streets and like

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Speaker 1: the turning radius isn't that great?

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Speaker 2: Not good? Not good? So does piiskeatry not exactly, but

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Speaker 2: his death was the direct result of not being able

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Speaker 2: to get around the fallen elephant. So in the battle,

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Speaker 2: Puris takes one look at the chaos unfolding and decides

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Speaker 2: to take his chances back in the city. Now, as

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Speaker 2: the story goes, he's fighting his way through the streets

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Speaker 2: and he gets stabbed through the breastplate by this enemy spear.

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Speaker 2: Pieris turned to face his attacker and landed a killing blow.

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Speaker 2: But what he didn't realize was that the soldier's mother

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Speaker 2: had been watching the whole scene from a nearby rooftop. So,

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Speaker 2: according to Plutarch, when the old woman saw that her

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Speaker 2: son was in danger, she lifted up a rooftile with

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Speaker 2: both hands and hurled it at Peuris's head, and the

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Speaker 2: resulting blow didn't kill Pearis, but it left him dazed

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Speaker 2: enough that other soldiers were able to swoop in and

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Speaker 2: finish him off.

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Speaker 1: It feels like bringing elephants to battle wasn't a great idea,

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Speaker 1: but the king's real mistake was killing someone right in

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Speaker 1: front of their mind.

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Speaker 2: You don't do that.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, it's not the kind of thing you walk away

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Speaker 1: from it. But let's leave the battlefield behind for now.

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Speaker 1: Because it's time to pay a visit to the ancient

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Speaker 1: city of Bethlehem. And that's where Saint Jerome, one of

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Speaker 1: the early scholars of the Catholic Church, accidentally sparked one

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Speaker 1: of the weirdest trends in medieval and Renaissance are the

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Speaker 1: horns on Moses.

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Speaker 2: You know, I've actually always wondered about this, because there's

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Speaker 2: that famous statue of Moses by Michelangelo, and for no

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Speaker 2: apparent reason, he's got these weird little baby goat horns

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Speaker 2: sprouting from his forehead.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, it's super weird, especially considering Moses's this prophet and

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Speaker 1: horns are obviously associated with the devil. But Michelangelo was

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Speaker 1: actually far from the only person to make this connection.

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Speaker 1: This image of a horn Moses turns up in all

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Speaker 1: sorts of Western medieval iconography, and weirdly, it can all

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Speaker 1: be traced back to this single mistranslation by Saint Jerome.

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Speaker 1: So it all goes back to the late fourth century.

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Speaker 1: See when Saint Jerome began working on the first Latin

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Speaker 1: translation of the Christian Bible, and for whatever reason, he

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Speaker 1: decides to ignore the existing Greek translation of the Old

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Speaker 1: New Testaments and instead he translates his own version directly

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Speaker 1: from Hebrew into Latin, and unfortunately that led him into

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Speaker 1: trouble due to several ambiguities in the ancient Hebrew language.

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Speaker 1: One example of this is the Hebrew word for a

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Speaker 1: ray of light is almost exactly the same as the

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Speaker 1: word for horn, and because the Hebrew language doesn't apparently

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Speaker 1: write out its vowels, I guess Jerome wasn't able to

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Speaker 1: pick up on the context clues. And so in the

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Speaker 1: Book of Exodus, when Moses returns from Mount Sinai with

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Speaker 1: the Ten Commandments, his face is lit up by this

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Speaker 1: divine light, but in Saint Jerome's translation, he gets horns instead.

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Speaker 2: Wow, all right, So Moses spends six weeks on a

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Speaker 2: mountaintop communing with God and comes back down he's suddenly

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Speaker 2: grown a pair of horns, and nobody manages to comment

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Speaker 2: on this again. Is that what we're talking about here? Yeah,

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Speaker 2: it's super weird.

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Speaker 1: And the really well part is that the people who

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Speaker 1: translated the Old Testament into ancient Greek ray solved for

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Speaker 1: this welcome back to part time genius meaning of the

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Speaker 1: Hebrew text and described Moses's face as glorified. But because

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Speaker 1: Jeromed ignored that Greek translation Moses winds up supporting horns

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Speaker 1: in art for the next millennium, even after the error

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Speaker 1: is widely acknowledged.

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Speaker 2: Huh. I Like the art world was like, no, We're

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Speaker 2: just we're sticking with the horns, you know. All right,

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Speaker 2: So if my math is right, that brings us up

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Speaker 2: to five ancient blunders with two left to go. But

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Speaker 2: before we get to those, let's take one more quick break,

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Speaker 2: all right, Mango surp my final entry on our ancient

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Speaker 2: blunders list. I want to take us back to the

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Speaker 2: reign of Shen Sherwang, the first emperor of China. So

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Speaker 2: we're talking about the third century BCE, and Sheen puts

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Speaker 2: an end to a long period of provincial inflict in

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Speaker 2: China by unifying the country's various provinces under one central government.

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Speaker 2: He was also responsible for several major advances in Chinese culture,

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Speaker 2: including the introduction of standardized weights and measures, the creation

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Speaker 2: of uniform system of writing, the construction of the earliest

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Speaker 2: form of the Great Wall. So a lot of accomplishments here. Yeah,

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Speaker 2: it seems so pretty productive, pretty productive. Yeah, But as

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Speaker 2: he grew older and more powerful, the emperor also became

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Speaker 2: obsessed with death and began searching for a way to

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Speaker 2: achieve immortality. It feels like a lot of these leaders

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Speaker 2: fall into this trap. And we know this because about

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Speaker 2: twenty years ago, archaeologists discovered this cache of ancient writings

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Speaker 2: at the bottom of an abandoned well in the Hunan Province,

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Speaker 2: and one of them contains this executive order issued by

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Speaker 2: the emperor. The decree ordered a nationwide search for immortality

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Speaker 2: potions or elixirs of life, and required every village and

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Speaker 2: region to submit a report of their findings. That's kind

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Speaker 2: of amazing.

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Speaker 1: I mean, like, China is such a vast territory and

401
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Speaker 1: it's not like you can just send out junk mail

402
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Speaker 1: or notification. The fact that like he forced this decree

403
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Speaker 1: on everyone is incredible. It's a testament to Chen's efficacy

404
00:21:13,400 --> 00:21:16,040
Speaker 1: as a leader. But it also just shows how seriously

405
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Speaker 1: he took this quest for his immortality. So did the

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Speaker 1: villages end up getting back to him.

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00:21:20,600 --> 00:21:23,119
Speaker 2: I imagine they all did, but only a handful of

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Speaker 2: responses were found in that well, and most of the

409
00:21:26,160 --> 00:21:29,600
Speaker 2: replies were awkward notes from regional governments saying they hadn't

410
00:21:29,640 --> 00:21:31,720
Speaker 2: found the elixir of lives, but like, we're going to

411
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Speaker 2: keep looking for it because they am sure. They didn't

412
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Speaker 2: want to get in trouble. But the only semi hopeful

413
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Speaker 2: response came from officials and Langya when they suggested this

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Speaker 2: herb from a local mountain might have these life extending properties.

415
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Speaker 2: That sounds promising, did it, apparently not considering Emperor Chen

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Speaker 2: died at the age of forty nine. But that actually

417
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Speaker 2: brings us around to his big mistake, because it seems

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Speaker 2: that in his desperate search for immortality, the emperor may

419
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Speaker 2: have actually shortened his own life. Historians believe that his

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Speaker 2: early death was brought on by mercury poisoning, this extremely

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Speaker 2: toxic side effect of many of the lixers that he

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Speaker 2: drank in pursuit of his eternal life. Now that said,

423
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Speaker 2: don't feel too badly for the emperor, because he did

424
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Speaker 2: have a backup plan. So before his early ish death,

425
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Speaker 2: he ordered the construction of this enormous burial chamber, which

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Speaker 2: he famously stocked with a life size army of thousands

427
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Speaker 2: of terra Cotta warriors. To see where we're going here, Yeah,

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Speaker 2: Jen believed in the afterlife and hope that the clay

429
00:22:34,160 --> 00:22:36,560
Speaker 2: soldiers would protect him in the world that was to come.

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Speaker 2: I like that.

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Speaker 1: You basically thought he would live forever regardless, but he

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Speaker 1: still tried to find a magic pushit, yes, make sure

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Speaker 1: I was to.

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Speaker 2: Live on earth. Well.

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Speaker 1: Oddly enough, my last mistake also has to do with

436
00:22:48,760 --> 00:22:51,560
Speaker 1: one man's quest for immortality. And maybe it's because I'm

437
00:22:51,560 --> 00:22:53,480
Speaker 1: actually working on a new show on how to Live Forever,

438
00:22:53,680 --> 00:22:57,760
Speaker 1: because I am obsessed with other people's obsession with the topic.

439
00:22:57,960 --> 00:23:02,520
Speaker 1: But so this fact, we need to head over to

440
00:23:02,680 --> 00:23:05,320
Speaker 1: the city of Ephesus, which used to be a part

441
00:23:05,320 --> 00:23:08,080
Speaker 1: of ancient Greece but is now in modern day Turkey,

442
00:23:08,520 --> 00:23:11,040
Speaker 1: and the city is largely remembered as a birthplace of

443
00:23:11,080 --> 00:23:14,800
Speaker 1: the philosopher Heraclitis, but it was also home to many

444
00:23:14,880 --> 00:23:17,359
Speaker 1: lesser known female artists. I didn't realize this until we

445
00:23:17,480 --> 00:23:20,679
Speaker 1: did this episode, but Ephesus was filled with sculptors and

446
00:23:20,760 --> 00:23:24,479
Speaker 1: painters and teachers, including the artist Timer Reid, who painted

447
00:23:24,480 --> 00:23:27,240
Speaker 1: a famous portrait of Artemis in the fifth century BCE.

448
00:23:28,200 --> 00:23:31,600
Speaker 1: Now Artemis for anyone who's familiar with Greek myths or

449
00:23:31,720 --> 00:23:34,840
Speaker 1: Percy Jackson was one of the most revered goddesses in

450
00:23:34,880 --> 00:23:38,159
Speaker 1: the ancient Greek pantheon, but the Ephesians laid a special

451
00:23:38,200 --> 00:23:40,440
Speaker 1: claim to her because they actually believed she had been

452
00:23:40,520 --> 00:23:44,080
Speaker 1: born near the city. And while most cities praised Artemis

453
00:23:44,119 --> 00:23:47,120
Speaker 1: as the goddess of hunting and wild animals, the people

454
00:23:47,160 --> 00:23:49,679
Speaker 1: here actually worshiped her as this goddess of fertility and

455
00:23:49,720 --> 00:23:52,800
Speaker 1: the protector of women and young girls, and in fact,

456
00:23:52,920 --> 00:23:56,520
Speaker 1: Ephesian women would often call on Artemis for help during childbirth.

457
00:23:57,240 --> 00:23:59,280
Speaker 1: So Artemis was, I don't know, kind of like the

458
00:23:59,280 --> 00:24:02,080
Speaker 1: city mascot patron deity might be a better way to

459
00:24:02,080 --> 00:24:02,720
Speaker 1: describe it.

460
00:24:02,640 --> 00:24:03,880
Speaker 2: But I want to go with mass.

461
00:24:04,800 --> 00:24:08,480
Speaker 1: But that's why the city has had a temple dedicated

462
00:24:08,520 --> 00:24:11,080
Speaker 1: to her since as far back as the Bronze Age,

463
00:24:11,119 --> 00:24:13,760
Speaker 1: and the original structure was wiped out by a flood

464
00:24:14,119 --> 00:24:17,160
Speaker 1: in the seventh century, But about two hundred years later,

465
00:24:17,240 --> 00:24:21,480
Speaker 1: the Lydian king Croesus paid to rebuild the temple of Artemis,

466
00:24:21,520 --> 00:24:24,480
Speaker 1: and he made it bigger and sturdier than ever, And

467
00:24:24,520 --> 00:24:27,560
Speaker 1: so this new and improved temple was one of the

468
00:24:27,640 --> 00:24:31,080
Speaker 1: largest ever built in ancient Greece. It stood roughly sixty

469
00:24:31,080 --> 00:24:36,920
Speaker 1: feet tall. Inside there was this treasure tove of relief carvings, sculptures, paintings,

470
00:24:37,080 --> 00:24:40,760
Speaker 1: including this massive statue of Artemis herself. But for nearly

471
00:24:40,840 --> 00:24:43,800
Speaker 1: one hundred years after its completion, the Temple of Artemis

472
00:24:43,840 --> 00:24:46,160
Speaker 1: served as a house of worship, and it was also

473
00:24:46,200 --> 00:24:50,320
Speaker 1: this tourist destination, this art gallery, all in one. And

474
00:24:50,440 --> 00:24:54,720
Speaker 1: then this guy named Haristratus comes along, right and late

475
00:24:54,760 --> 00:24:57,800
Speaker 1: one evening in three hundred and fifty six PCE, he

476
00:24:57,880 --> 00:25:00,480
Speaker 1: makes his way up to the temple and so fire

477
00:25:00,520 --> 00:25:03,879
Speaker 1: to the wooden roof. The flame spread so quickly throughout

478
00:25:03,880 --> 00:25:07,240
Speaker 1: this wooden interior. By morning the temple is totally in ruins.

479
00:25:07,320 --> 00:25:10,360
Speaker 1: There's nothing left but a few blackened marble columns.

480
00:25:10,800 --> 00:25:13,640
Speaker 2: So not an Artemis fan, I'm guessing that's the things

481
00:25:13,680 --> 00:25:15,760
Speaker 2: we really don't know much about the arsonist.

482
00:25:15,840 --> 00:25:19,439
Speaker 1: He's believed to have been lower class and possibly enslaved,

483
00:25:19,520 --> 00:25:22,760
Speaker 1: and many historians suspect that he wasn't Ephesian by birth,

484
00:25:23,040 --> 00:25:25,240
Speaker 1: And obviously with that kind of background, you can imagine

485
00:25:25,240 --> 00:25:28,600
Speaker 1: all sorts of potential motives. It might have been politically motivated.

486
00:25:28,720 --> 00:25:32,080
Speaker 1: It might have been protesting this injustice of his low station.

487
00:25:32,400 --> 00:25:35,400
Speaker 1: Or he also might have been a misogynist lashing out

488
00:25:35,400 --> 00:25:37,560
Speaker 1: it this women's protector.

489
00:25:37,720 --> 00:25:39,320
Speaker 2: Or maybe and I'm not trying to be funny here.

490
00:25:39,359 --> 00:25:42,800
Speaker 2: Maybe he was just unwell and not thinking clearly. Yeah.

491
00:25:42,920 --> 00:25:46,080
Speaker 1: Yeah, there are all sorts of plausible options, except that

492
00:25:46,760 --> 00:25:50,520
Speaker 1: none of them are the explanation that he offered, because

493
00:25:50,640 --> 00:25:53,280
Speaker 1: after being arrested, he admitted that he had torched the

494
00:25:53,280 --> 00:25:55,440
Speaker 1: temple just to make a name for himself. He wanted

495
00:25:55,440 --> 00:25:57,840
Speaker 1: to leave his mark on history, and he decided the

496
00:25:57,840 --> 00:25:59,639
Speaker 1: best way to do it was to destroy the symbol

497
00:25:59,680 --> 00:26:01,760
Speaker 1: of the city, which had been, you know, a wonder

498
00:26:01,800 --> 00:26:04,680
Speaker 1: of the ancient world that could have lasted for a very,

499
00:26:04,760 --> 00:26:07,040
Speaker 1: very long time had it not been for him.

500
00:26:07,400 --> 00:26:09,760
Speaker 2: It's weird because it makes you wonder why the Ephesians

501
00:26:09,760 --> 00:26:13,440
Speaker 2: would play into his hand by recording his confession. Why

502
00:26:13,480 --> 00:26:15,520
Speaker 2: not just say the fire was an accident and sweep

503
00:26:15,520 --> 00:26:16,160
Speaker 2: it under the rug.

504
00:26:16,359 --> 00:26:19,680
Speaker 1: Apparently they tried so. Not only did Efesian authorities sentence

505
00:26:19,880 --> 00:26:23,320
Speaker 1: Haristratus to death for the arson, they also institute this

506
00:26:23,400 --> 00:26:28,800
Speaker 1: special kind of punishment known as damnatio memory or condemnation

507
00:26:28,880 --> 00:26:32,680
Speaker 1: of memory, and under this order, the public was forbidden

508
00:26:32,680 --> 00:26:35,960
Speaker 1: to speak or write the culprit's name. This was obviously

509
00:26:36,000 --> 00:26:39,480
Speaker 1: done to discourage others from committing similar copycat crimes, but

510
00:26:40,040 --> 00:26:42,840
Speaker 1: also to ensure that he didn't get his wish. You

511
00:26:42,880 --> 00:26:46,439
Speaker 1: know that people would forget the name Herostratus, so instead

512
00:26:46,480 --> 00:26:49,600
Speaker 1: of being remembered, he would be condemned to obscurity.

513
00:26:49,680 --> 00:26:51,560
Speaker 2: It's like the people that streak across like at the

514
00:26:51,600 --> 00:26:53,440
Speaker 2: super Bowl and stuff like that on the field. No,

515
00:26:53,560 --> 00:26:55,480
Speaker 2: it don't show them. We do not want them to

516
00:26:55,520 --> 00:26:58,200
Speaker 2: be known. But that's clearly not what happened, since we're

517
00:26:58,240 --> 00:26:59,240
Speaker 2: talking about him right now.

518
00:26:59,320 --> 00:27:03,240
Speaker 1: Yeah, I completely Apparently some historians refused to go along

519
00:27:03,280 --> 00:27:05,800
Speaker 1: with this punishment, so they write down his story, his

520
00:27:05,960 --> 00:27:08,320
Speaker 1: name before it could be forgotten by history, and as

521
00:27:08,359 --> 00:27:11,280
Speaker 1: a result, Arsenist's name was not only remembered, it became

522
00:27:11,320 --> 00:27:14,560
Speaker 1: the basis for a new expression, which is herostratic fame.

523
00:27:15,000 --> 00:27:18,800
Speaker 1: It basically means fame at any cost. All right, So

524
00:27:18,840 --> 00:27:20,760
Speaker 1: what are we calling the mistake in this one? Because

525
00:27:20,760 --> 00:27:23,200
Speaker 1: it seemed like the Arsenists got exactly what.

526
00:27:23,119 --> 00:27:24,120
Speaker 2: He wanted in this case.

527
00:27:24,160 --> 00:27:26,280
Speaker 1: I think it's the Ephesian authorities who made the mistake

528
00:27:26,400 --> 00:27:29,080
Speaker 1: because they tried to suppress the truth about this fire,

529
00:27:29,400 --> 00:27:32,680
Speaker 1: and they went about it in the worst possible way,

530
00:27:32,760 --> 00:27:35,160
Speaker 1: right They told everyone not to talk about it, which

531
00:27:35,280 --> 00:27:36,800
Speaker 1: just makes everyone want to talk about it.

532
00:27:36,920 --> 00:27:39,040
Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, all right. Well, I'm glad we put this

533
00:27:39,080 --> 00:27:40,680
Speaker 2: list together. It's nice to know that the people of

534
00:27:40,720 --> 00:27:43,600
Speaker 2: the past were just as accident prone as the rest

535
00:27:43,640 --> 00:27:47,160
Speaker 2: of us, and as susceptible to mercury poison. It is true.

536
00:27:47,200 --> 00:27:49,480
Speaker 1: It seems to close out the show. Why don't we

537
00:27:49,520 --> 00:27:52,199
Speaker 1: try to keep the fact off mercury poisoning free?

538
00:27:52,240 --> 00:28:00,600
Speaker 2: I'll try, no promises. Well, let's see what happens. Okay.

539
00:28:00,640 --> 00:28:03,440
Speaker 1: So here is a messy medieval blunder from the city

540
00:28:03,920 --> 00:28:07,120
Speaker 1: for Germany. This is back in eleven eighty four. Dozens

541
00:28:07,119 --> 00:28:09,840
Speaker 1: of noblemen gathered at Saint Peter's Church at the request

542
00:28:09,880 --> 00:28:13,680
Speaker 1: of the King Henrik the sixth, and he had called

543
00:28:13,680 --> 00:28:16,600
Speaker 1: a meeting to settle a land dispute between two prominent citizens.

544
00:28:16,600 --> 00:28:19,640
Speaker 1: But unfortunately they actually never got a chance to discuss

545
00:28:19,680 --> 00:28:23,520
Speaker 1: it because shortly after the meeting started, the floor of

546
00:28:23,560 --> 00:28:26,800
Speaker 1: the church collapses, right, and apparently the upper room where

547
00:28:26,800 --> 00:28:30,000
Speaker 1: the group met wasn't intended to hold such a large gathering.

548
00:28:30,040 --> 00:28:32,840
Speaker 1: Everyone's in chainmail and all this heavy armor, and the

549
00:28:32,880 --> 00:28:35,960
Speaker 1: floor just wasn't strong enough. So the weight of the

550
00:28:36,000 --> 00:28:38,520
Speaker 1: falling people and the debris was so heavy that they

551
00:28:38,560 --> 00:28:43,000
Speaker 1: broke through the ground floor too, and wound up plunging right.

552
00:28:42,760 --> 00:28:44,040
Speaker 2: Into the church's.

553
00:28:43,720 --> 00:28:48,640
Speaker 1: Communal sessca post. I know, it's like the money pit

554
00:28:48,800 --> 00:28:51,680
Speaker 1: or something. It's believed that almost everyone for the meeting

555
00:28:51,720 --> 00:28:55,480
Speaker 1: fell into the latrine pits. Supposedly, the king and the

556
00:28:55,600 --> 00:28:58,880
Speaker 1: archbishop avoided this embarrassment by clinging on to some iron

557
00:28:59,000 --> 00:29:01,160
Speaker 1: rails on the church's windows. I don't know if that's

558
00:29:01,240 --> 00:29:04,800
Speaker 1: just sort of like polishing the story, but the majority

559
00:29:04,800 --> 00:29:07,959
Speaker 1: weren't so lucky, and altogether more than sixty people fell

560
00:29:08,000 --> 00:29:10,360
Speaker 1: into this latrine and never made it out.

561
00:29:10,640 --> 00:29:13,040
Speaker 2: Goh, that might be the saddest story about people falling

562
00:29:13,040 --> 00:29:15,760
Speaker 2: into a giant toilet that I've ever heard, So can't

563
00:29:15,920 --> 00:29:18,400
Speaker 2: use that in our future list of sad stories of

564
00:29:18,440 --> 00:29:21,240
Speaker 2: people falling into giant toilets. But yeah, that's really sad.

565
00:29:22,520 --> 00:29:22,840
Speaker 1: All right.

566
00:29:22,880 --> 00:29:25,640
Speaker 2: I've got a tragic, low brow blunder of my own

567
00:29:25,680 --> 00:29:28,080
Speaker 2: for you, Mango, and it's about the first known mooning

568
00:29:28,200 --> 00:29:31,120
Speaker 2: on record, and it took place in Jerusalem. This was

569
00:29:31,160 --> 00:29:34,040
Speaker 2: back in the first century CE, and according to a

570
00:29:34,080 --> 00:29:38,040
Speaker 2: contemporary historian of the era, Flavius Josephus, the first mooning

571
00:29:38,080 --> 00:29:41,000
Speaker 2: took place just outside of the city when a Roman

572
00:29:41,040 --> 00:29:44,480
Speaker 2: soldier exposed his backside to a group of Jewish pilgrims

573
00:29:44,520 --> 00:29:48,520
Speaker 2: on their way to celebrate Passover. As Josephus puts it, quote,

574
00:29:48,600 --> 00:29:51,800
Speaker 2: the soldier pulled back his garment and, cowering down after

575
00:29:51,880 --> 00:29:54,880
Speaker 2: an indecent manner, turned his breach to the Jews and

576
00:29:54,920 --> 00:29:58,280
Speaker 2: spake such words as you might expect upon such a posture.

577
00:30:00,080 --> 00:30:03,360
Speaker 2: To put it another way, he farted than for that.

578
00:30:05,680 --> 00:30:08,000
Speaker 1: Okay, so I'm going to skip to another one. I

579
00:30:08,000 --> 00:30:10,560
Speaker 1: know we've talked about the Wicked Bible before aka the

580
00:30:10,600 --> 00:30:13,680
Speaker 1: Sinner's Bible, and it's just a normal English printing of

581
00:30:13,720 --> 00:30:16,760
Speaker 1: the Christian Bible. This is from sixteen thirty one, except,

582
00:30:16,880 --> 00:30:19,200
Speaker 1: of course, it leaves out the word not from the

583
00:30:19,240 --> 00:30:23,440
Speaker 1: seventh Commandment, so instead of saying thou shalt not commit adultery,

584
00:30:23,720 --> 00:30:26,400
Speaker 1: it orders the readers to go out and have an affair.

585
00:30:26,640 --> 00:30:29,040
Speaker 2: Was this a typo situation or did the printers leave

586
00:30:29,080 --> 00:30:31,360
Speaker 2: out the non on purpose, like as a prank or

587
00:30:31,480 --> 00:30:34,080
Speaker 2: what was the origin of this? So there's this long.

588
00:30:33,920 --> 00:30:36,400
Speaker 1: Running rumor that the misprint was actually an act of

589
00:30:36,560 --> 00:30:40,800
Speaker 1: sabotage by a rival publisher, but today most experts think

590
00:30:40,800 --> 00:30:43,160
Speaker 1: it was just an honest mistake, not that it made

591
00:30:43,240 --> 00:30:46,200
Speaker 1: much difference to the two printers responsible for this. Once

592
00:30:46,320 --> 00:30:50,120
Speaker 1: King Charles found out about the wicked Bible, he ordered

593
00:30:50,120 --> 00:30:53,080
Speaker 1: the printers to stand trial for sloppiness, and ultimately he

594
00:30:53,240 --> 00:30:56,880
Speaker 1: stripped them of their printing license. Now, one thousand copies

595
00:30:56,880 --> 00:30:59,200
Speaker 1: of the Bible were printed before the error was discovered,

596
00:30:59,360 --> 00:31:02,520
Speaker 1: but ns most of them were destroyed by all these

597
00:31:02,560 --> 00:31:05,040
Speaker 1: scandalized readers, priests, or whatever who wanted to get rid

598
00:31:05,080 --> 00:31:07,440
Speaker 1: of them. Only about twenty copies are known.

599
00:31:07,280 --> 00:31:10,280
Speaker 2: To exist today. Okay, all right, well here's a quick

600
00:31:10,320 --> 00:31:13,440
Speaker 2: one I found. So back in thirteen twenty five, a strange,

601
00:31:13,480 --> 00:31:17,080
Speaker 2: short lived conflict broke out between the Italian city states

602
00:31:17,080 --> 00:31:19,880
Speaker 2: of Bologna and Modena, and it was called the War

603
00:31:20,040 --> 00:31:23,000
Speaker 2: of the Bucket. Now, trouble had been brewing between the

604
00:31:23,040 --> 00:31:26,520
Speaker 2: two cities for centuries, but the thing that supposedly tipped

605
00:31:26,560 --> 00:31:29,680
Speaker 2: them over into this all out war was the theft

606
00:31:29,720 --> 00:31:33,040
Speaker 2: of an old wooden bucket. I mean, buckets are very handy,

607
00:31:33,080 --> 00:31:35,120
Speaker 2: so you could see the other night frustrate someone. But

608
00:31:35,560 --> 00:31:40,000
Speaker 2: apparently a group of Modanese soldiers sneaked into Bologna one

609
00:31:40,120 --> 00:31:42,880
Speaker 2: night they noticed this random bucket at a public well,

610
00:31:43,160 --> 00:31:46,080
Speaker 2: and they decided to take it with them, so you know,

611
00:31:46,200 --> 00:31:48,959
Speaker 2: the spoils of victory, I guess. And of course someone

612
00:31:49,040 --> 00:31:51,360
Speaker 2: noticed the missing bucket the next morning and was able

613
00:31:51,400 --> 00:31:54,800
Speaker 2: to quickly suss out who had stolen it. So Bolanese

614
00:31:54,880 --> 00:31:59,239
Speaker 2: officials demanded this bucket be returned, and even when the

615
00:31:59,240 --> 00:32:03,240
Speaker 2: Modenese were fused to oblige, Bologna declared war on its

616
00:32:03,280 --> 00:32:04,160
Speaker 2: longtime rival.

617
00:32:05,160 --> 00:32:08,120
Speaker 1: I feel like that has got to be some bucket

618
00:32:08,240 --> 00:32:09,560
Speaker 1: rightly special.

619
00:32:09,800 --> 00:32:12,560
Speaker 2: I definitely hope so, because although the war only lasted

620
00:32:12,600 --> 00:32:15,960
Speaker 2: a few months, it's estimated that roughly two thousand people

621
00:32:16,040 --> 00:32:17,400
Speaker 2: died between the two sides.

622
00:32:17,440 --> 00:32:19,920
Speaker 1: Oh my god, a few months. So how did Bologna

623
00:32:20,120 --> 00:32:21,120
Speaker 1: get this bucket back?

624
00:32:21,920 --> 00:32:24,400
Speaker 2: They did not. They wound up surrendering, and just to

625
00:32:24,400 --> 00:32:27,480
Speaker 2: add insult to injury, the Modinese were said to have

626
00:32:27,640 --> 00:32:30,480
Speaker 2: stolen a second bucket on their way back home.

627
00:32:33,520 --> 00:32:36,120
Speaker 1: So we've talked about some pretty silly fluffs today, but

628
00:32:36,200 --> 00:32:38,360
Speaker 1: I think this fact might be the most embarrassing yet.

629
00:32:38,400 --> 00:32:41,840
Speaker 1: According to a biography of Greek philosophers, there was a

630
00:32:41,840 --> 00:32:45,959
Speaker 1: Stoic philosopher named Crispus, and this is in the second

631
00:32:45,960 --> 00:32:50,719
Speaker 1: century BCE. He apparently laughed himself to death while watching

632
00:32:50,720 --> 00:32:57,960
Speaker 1: a donkey eat figs. Okay, so apparently this happened during

633
00:32:57,960 --> 00:33:01,200
Speaker 1: the one hundred and forty third Olympia. Chrysippus was just

634
00:33:01,240 --> 00:33:04,000
Speaker 1: hanging out watching the games when he noticed that his

635
00:33:04,120 --> 00:33:07,000
Speaker 1: donkey had started helping himself to some figs, and he

636
00:33:07,080 --> 00:33:09,560
Speaker 1: thinks it's the funniest thing he's ever seen, so he

637
00:33:09,600 --> 00:33:11,960
Speaker 1: cries out, now, give the ass some pure wine to

638
00:33:12,120 --> 00:33:16,080
Speaker 1: wash down his figs. And then, according to Diogenes, he

639
00:33:16,240 --> 00:33:18,600
Speaker 1: laughed so violently that he died.

640
00:33:19,040 --> 00:33:23,560
Speaker 2: Wait, so this guy got presumably very drunk at the

641
00:33:23,560 --> 00:33:27,000
Speaker 2: Olympics and then die laughing at his own dad joke.

642
00:33:27,120 --> 00:33:30,280
Speaker 2: It sounds like, are we sure this guy was a stoic?

643
00:33:30,320 --> 00:33:32,520
Speaker 2: Because that does not sound very stoic to me.

644
00:33:33,240 --> 00:33:35,200
Speaker 1: I think his real mistake was not giving a close

645
00:33:35,240 --> 00:33:38,360
Speaker 1: enough watch on his fig supply, because the easiest way

646
00:33:38,440 --> 00:33:41,880
Speaker 1: to prevent death by laughing at watching a fig eating

647
00:33:41,880 --> 00:33:44,120
Speaker 1: donkey is to never give your donkey figs in the

648
00:33:44,160 --> 00:33:44,680
Speaker 1: first place.

649
00:33:44,840 --> 00:33:48,160
Speaker 2: A truer words were never said, Mango, I think you

650
00:33:48,240 --> 00:33:50,760
Speaker 2: deserve the trophy this week for imparting that bit of wisdom.

651
00:33:50,760 --> 00:33:52,320
Speaker 2: You built it up like it was going to be

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00:33:52,360 --> 00:33:55,840
Speaker 2: a great fact and it delivered. So congratulations you win

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00:33:55,880 --> 00:33:56,800
Speaker 2: the trophy this week.

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00:33:57,440 --> 00:33:59,360
Speaker 1: Well that's going to do it for a part Time

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00:33:59,400 --> 00:34:03,080
Speaker 1: Genius from myself, Will, Mary, Gabe, and Dylan.

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00:34:03,280 --> 00:34:04,880
Speaker 2: Thank you so much for listening.

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00:34:05,040 --> 00:34:07,800
Speaker 1: We'll be back next week with and other brand new episodes,

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00:34:07,920 --> 00:34:24,000
Speaker 1: so please tune back in. Part Time Genius is a

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00:34:24,040 --> 00:34:27,960
Speaker 1: production of Kaleidoscope and iHeartRadio. This show is hosted by

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00:34:27,960 --> 00:34:32,520
Speaker 1: Will Pearson and me Mongashtikler and research by our good

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00:34:32,600 --> 00:34:36,840
Speaker 1: pal Mary Philip Sandy. Today's episode was engineered and produced

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00:34:36,880 --> 00:34:39,480
Speaker 1: by the wonderful Dylan Fagan with support.

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00:34:39,160 --> 00:34:40,160
Speaker 2: From Tyler Klang.

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00:34:40,640 --> 00:34:44,000
Speaker 1: The show is executive produced for iHeart by Katrina Norbel

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00:34:44,160 --> 00:34:47,200
Speaker 1: and Ali Perry, with social media support from Sasha Gay,

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00:34:47,280 --> 00:34:51,839
Speaker 1: trustee Dara Potts and Viney Shorey. For more podcasts from

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00:34:51,920 --> 00:34:57,080
Speaker 1: Kaleidoscope and iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or.

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00:34:57,120 --> 00:35:11,320
Speaker 3: Wherever you listen to your favorite shows.

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Speaker 2: A