Speaker 1: Part one Why It's the Way it Is.
Speaker 2: Today, we're going to talk about two famous hunters who
Speaker 2: were very different people named Daniel Boone and Davy Crockett. Now,
Speaker 2: the reason why we're going to talk about Daniel Boone
Speaker 2: and Davy Crockett together is a couple of reasons for
Speaker 2: that I have found in my life as a hunter.
Speaker 2: I have found that if you go and ask people
Speaker 2: to name famous frontiersman or famous hunters from America's history,
Speaker 2: you will often get those two names as answers, Daniel
Speaker 2: Boone and Davy Crockett. Another reason they're often associated together
Speaker 2: is there is a very successful prominent conservation organization called
Speaker 2: the Boone and Crocket Club. And on past episodes of
Speaker 2: Why It's the Way It Is, we talked about President
Speaker 2: Theodore Roosevelt. Well, President Theodore Roosevelt was a member of
Speaker 2: the Boone and Crocket Club. The organization is that old
Speaker 2: and it's still around today and still very effective today
Speaker 2: in helping to restore and help manage our big game
Speaker 2: populations in North America. So the Boone and Crocket Club
Speaker 2: draws its name from these two people, and it would
Speaker 2: kind of lead you to believe that Boone and Crockett
Speaker 2: knew each other, or that they somehow hung out together,
Speaker 2: or that they were contemporaries, but in fact they're not.
Speaker 2: In fact, Daniel Boone and Davy Crockett would not have
Speaker 2: ever even met each other, though their lives overlapped. Daniel
Speaker 2: Boone was born in seventeen thirty four, so he was
Speaker 2: born forty two years before the United States of America
Speaker 2: became the United States of America. He was born forty
Speaker 2: two years before our country declared its independence from Great Britain,
Speaker 2: and he died in eighteen twenty. Daniel Boone was born
Speaker 2: in Pennsylvania. He moved from there down to North Carolina.
Speaker 2: He moved from North Carolina to Kentucky, and he eventually
Speaker 2: moved to the state of Missouri, and that is where
Speaker 2: he died in Missouri. Now Davy Crockett was born ten
Speaker 2: years after the birth of our country, the United States
Speaker 2: of America. He was born in seventeen eighty six, and
Speaker 2: he died young. He died when he was fifty years old,
Speaker 2: and he died at the Alamo.
Speaker 3: And maybe you've heard of the Alamo.
Speaker 2: It was a fort, a military fort in Texas, and
Speaker 2: a bunch of Americans and Texans were occupying that fort
Speaker 2: during a war with Mexico, and all of the Americans
Speaker 2: and Texans that were in that fort defending that fort
Speaker 2: were overrun and killed by members of the Mexican army
Speaker 2: under a general.
Speaker 3: Name Santa Ana.
Speaker 2: So that is how Crockett died. But let's talk a
Speaker 2: little bit about how Daniel Boone lived and how Davy
Speaker 2: Crockett lived and why we kind of know their hunters,
Speaker 2: but we don't really know the detail of what they
Speaker 2: hunted and how they hunted. Both Boone and Crockett, even
Speaker 2: though they weren't friends and didn't hang out and didn't
Speaker 2: meet each other, they were both market hunters. And I'm
Speaker 2: going to explain a little bit about what their hunting
Speaker 2: looked like. And we're going to start with what Daniel
Speaker 2: Boone's hunting looked like. He was a market hunter, so
Speaker 2: he hunted for products. Okay, if you imagine a miner,
Speaker 2: Let's say.
Speaker 3: You're a miner. You're a gold miner, all right.
Speaker 2: And you go into the mountains and you dig down
Speaker 2: and get a gold pan and go to a creek.
Speaker 3: And you know, and you go gold mining.
Speaker 2: You're trying to produce gold that you can sell for money,
Speaker 2: and that's how you support yourself. If you're a logger,
Speaker 2: you might go into you know, timber country, and you're
Speaker 2: gonna cut down logs and sell the logs which are
Speaker 2: made into products. Okay, they're made into wooden houses and
Speaker 2: all the things we buy that are made out of wood.
Speaker 3: Well.
Speaker 2: The market hunter was a person who went out into
Speaker 2: the wilds and pursued animals in order to be able
Speaker 2: to sell parts of those animals that had a market value.
Speaker 2: And Daniel Boone did two main kinds of hunting in
Speaker 2: his day. Remember, Daniel Boone was alive on the years
Speaker 2: that sat on either side of the creation of the
Speaker 2: United States of America. So when he was born, Daniel
Speaker 2: Boone would have not have described himself as an American.
Speaker 2: He was a British colonial subject. And at that time
Speaker 2: there was a thriving market for these skins of whitetail deer,
Speaker 2: and that is the primary occupation that Daniel Boone had,
Speaker 2: would be hunting whitetail deer at those times during his life.
Speaker 2: Most of the market hunters, they were called long hunters.
Speaker 3: In Daniel Boone's time, most of the long hunters or market.
Speaker 2: Hunters would live in little farming settlements on the edge
Speaker 2: of the wilderness. And when the hunters set out to
Speaker 2: do their hunting, they would go into the wilds.
Speaker 3: They would go westward.
Speaker 2: Into the wilds and they would hunt deer and they
Speaker 2: would collect up sometimes hundreds.
Speaker 3: Of deer skins.
Speaker 2: Now you might have heard the term a buck meaning
Speaker 2: a dollar, like if you bought something from someone and
Speaker 2: they said it's going to be five bucks, or you
Speaker 2: bet someone five bucks.
Speaker 3: Bucks means a dollar, and that.
Speaker 2: Term comes from the fact that a deer skin was
Speaker 2: worth about a dollar. So the skin of a buck
Speaker 2: was worth about a dollar in Daniel Boone's time, and
Speaker 2: he would go and hunt these deer skins, and the
Speaker 2: deer skins would all be exported to England, and in
Speaker 2: England they would be turned into gloves and pants and
Speaker 2: bags and all sorts of leather products. Daniel Boone also
Speaker 2: engaged in bear hunting for the commercial market. Now today
Speaker 2: people might hunt bears because they want to get bear
Speaker 2: meat that they'll put in their freezer and use to
Speaker 2: feed their family. And they might want a bear rug,
Speaker 2: so a bear rug that they can hang on the
Speaker 2: wall or put on the floor, or they might get
Speaker 2: a bear mounted so they can display the bear in
Speaker 2: their house.
Speaker 3: And that's what people are after when they go after
Speaker 3: a black bear.
Speaker 2: But in Daniel Boone's time as a market hunter, where
Speaker 2: he was after was products that could be made from
Speaker 2: black bears. And one of the primary products he was
Speaker 2: after from black bears is bear grease. Now, if you
Speaker 2: ever look at a baking recipe, you talk to someone
Speaker 2: who likes to bake different pie crosts and other baked goods,
Speaker 2: they might talk about using lard, or someone might fry
Speaker 2: potatoes and lard we use nowadays when you go to
Speaker 2: the store, you're buying pork lards, you're buying lard made
Speaker 2: from pigs. And Daniel Boone's time, a very common source
Speaker 2: of lard was bear lard, and so Daniel Boone would
Speaker 2: hunt bears. He would render down all the fat on
Speaker 2: the bear in the lard and then sell that.
Speaker 3: Lard to the commercial markets.
Speaker 2: He would also make ham, so just as our lard
Speaker 2: today comes from pork, our ham today mostly comes from pork,
Speaker 2: But in Daniel Boone's time, they would make smoked bear hams.
Speaker 2: So Daniel Boone would go out, he would hunt bears.
Speaker 2: If he got a bear, he would render all the
Speaker 2: fat into lard. He would take the meat and he
Speaker 2: would brind it, and then he would make a smokehouse
Speaker 2: and smoke it. And he could take all that smoked
Speaker 2: bear meat and go back to the settlements and sell
Speaker 2: it for money. And that's how Daniel Boone made his living. Now,
Speaker 2: Davy krock was a professional hunter too, though he was
Speaker 2: born again much later than Boone, though their lives did
Speaker 2: overlap a little bit, and Crockett had many different occupations
Speaker 2: in his life. But let's look at what he did
Speaker 2: as a market hunter. He did a lot of hunting
Speaker 2: like Boone did for bears. In fact, Davy Crockett became
Speaker 2: even more famous than Boone as a bear hunter and
Speaker 2: hunting for bear meat that could be smoked in the
Speaker 2: hams and bear lard. But Davy Crockett had another very
Speaker 2: interesting job as a market hunter in his day because
Speaker 2: when the military would be out on expeditions, so when
Speaker 2: the military would be out waging its wars, and in
Speaker 2: Crockett's time, many of those wars were with Euro American
Speaker 2: or Americans fighting against Native American tribes in the southeastern
Speaker 2: United States or in Florida, and they would be on
Speaker 2: big wilderness journeys as they sought out the tribes that
Speaker 2: they were at war with. And you have to wonder, well,
Speaker 2: what do all those soldiers eat when they're traveling through
Speaker 2: the wilderness. Well, Crockett had a job supplying meat to
Speaker 2: feed the army. So armies today you hear about them
Speaker 2: eating MREs. They might go to the mess hall, right,
Speaker 2: food might be flown on a helicopter. In Crockett's time,
Speaker 2: armies ate food that could be stolen from Native Americans
Speaker 2: that they were raiding against, or they ate food that
Speaker 2: their hunters could kill and bring back to camp. And
Speaker 2: that is the kind of market hunting that Davy Crockett
Speaker 2: was involved in when he was young. So to wrap up,
Speaker 2: Boone and Crockett two famous American hunters and frontiersmen and explorers,
Speaker 2: not friends, didn't know each other, but both made their
Speaker 2: living hunting America's wild animals and producing products from those
Speaker 2: animals they could sell in order to support themselves.
Speaker 4: Guess that critter.
Speaker 5: It's time for Guess that critter. Where we play animal
Speaker 5: sounds and you've got to guess what animal is making
Speaker 5: those sounds. You'll learn some neat facts about these animals
Speaker 5: and develop your ear to better identify their sounds in
Speaker 5: the wild or in this case, maybe in your attic too.
Speaker 5: And don't worry, we'll throw in some clues along the way.
Speaker 5: Now listen closely. That's pretty loud, isn't it. It's like
Speaker 5: a whole roaring chorus. What you're hearing are hundreds of
Speaker 5: these marine mammals gathered together. They've emerged from catching anything
Speaker 5: from salmon to cod to small sharks in the ocean
Speaker 5: and have now climbed up onto rocks known as a
Speaker 5: haul out for some sun and rest. Why are they
Speaker 5: making these sounds? Both the males and females vocalize in
Speaker 5: the same low, deep tones to communicate with each other,
Speaker 5: to find their babies when they return from fishing, and
Speaker 5: to defend their territory. As marine mammals, they spend a
Speaker 5: lot of time hunting in the water, but have to
Speaker 5: come up to breathe air. They have four wing like flippers,
Speaker 5: which they use to walk on land and to swim
Speaker 5: in the ocean. They're covered with hair and have a
Speaker 5: thick layer of blubber or fat on their bodies to
Speaker 5: insulate them from the cold water and have whiskers on
Speaker 5: their faces, which they use to sense prey. They're also huge.
Speaker 5: Males can be ten feet long and weigh up to
Speaker 5: twenty four hundred pounds, which is like six African lions
Speaker 5: stacked together. Females average seven point five feet in length
Speaker 5: and weigh about six hundred pounds. But they're not so
Speaker 5: big that nothing can mess with them. Killer whales and
Speaker 5: sleeper sharks are known to gobble them up. Here's the
Speaker 5: sound of a lone female, so you can hear her
Speaker 5: individual call. Okay, it's time for the reveal. It's a
Speaker 5: stellar sea lion. Stellar sea lions live across a wide
Speaker 5: ocean range from the coast of California all the way
Speaker 5: up to the coast of Alaska and west over the
Speaker 5: coasts of Russia and Japan. At times, they have served
Speaker 5: as a valuable food resource to various Native American and
Speaker 5: Native Alaskan groups. Unfortunately, they were listed as threatened in
Speaker 5: nineteen ninety under the Endangered Species Act, but recovery efforts
Speaker 5: were thankfully successful, and now they're doing great in many
Speaker 5: of the places where they live. Make sure to join
Speaker 5: us next week for Guess that Critter.
Speaker 4: Part three.
Speaker 6: Trivia, and now it's time for Meat Eater Kids Trivia,
Speaker 6: the other only game show where conservation always wins. This
Speaker 6: is a quiz show for kids who love the outdoors.
Speaker 6: Take it away, Spencer.
Speaker 4: Today, I'm joined by Jimmy, Rosie, matthew Aa, Mabel Hayden,
Speaker 4: and Conley. Each player will earn ten dollars for conservation
Speaker 4: with every question they get right today. There's a potential
Speaker 4: for this room to earn up to two hundred and
Speaker 4: ten dollars this week. That donation is going to the
Speaker 4: National Wild Turkey Federation, who publishes the kids magazine about
Speaker 4: wildlife conservation called Jake's Country. Let's see how much money
Speaker 4: our players can raise. Question one, Which type of tree
Speaker 4: produces acorns? Is it an oak tree, a cottonwood tree,
Speaker 4: or a maple tree? Which type of tree produces acorns?
Speaker 4: Or if you like our friend Clay nukeomb he call
Speaker 4: them acorns? Is it an oak tree, a cottonwood tree,
Speaker 4: or a maple tree. Mabel, do you know this one?
Speaker 4: You seem very confident, you know it with certainty? Yeah, okay,
Speaker 4: I like that. How about Jimmy, Jimmy, you got this
Speaker 4: one right?
Speaker 3: I don't think so.
Speaker 4: Okay, Hayden, do you know this one? Or you just
Speaker 4: picking between the three as a guess. I think I
Speaker 4: got this one.
Speaker 3: Okay.
Speaker 4: Is everybody ready for which type of tree produces acorns? Oak, cottonwood,
Speaker 4: or maple. Matthew, you ready? Go ahead and reveal your answers? Rosie, Mabel,
Speaker 4: ok Aina, Hayden, oak, conley, cotton, Matthew, Jimmy, Oh, the
Speaker 4: correct answer is oak tree. The room did very well.
Speaker 4: Oak trees are one of the most important trees to
Speaker 4: wildlife in North America. Animals big and small, from caterpillars
Speaker 4: to black bears, will eat their acorns. Each acorn contains
Speaker 4: one or two seeds inside of it, and only one
Speaker 4: in ten thousand of those acorns will ever turn into
Speaker 4: a tree. Can you guys name some other animals that
Speaker 4: eat acorns?
Speaker 3: What do you got?
Speaker 4: Squirrels they eat a lot of acorns. What else?
Speaker 3: Rabbits?
Speaker 4: Rabbits they eat yep birds, anything else you can think of.
Speaker 4: Steve had some feedback Steve, what animals eat acorns? On rabbits?
Speaker 4: If you google what animals? If you google what animals
Speaker 4: eat acorns, it says a rabbit. So we're gonna trust
Speaker 4: Steve or Google. You guys think Google Google it is. Yeah, turkeys, deer, squirrels, mice, rabbits, raccoons, kyleds,
Speaker 4: fox hogs. They all eat acorns. Question two, Which of
Speaker 4: these animals is not nocturnal? Is it a bat, a
Speaker 4: blue jay, or a raccoon? Which of these anim animals
Speaker 4: is not nocturnal? Bat, blue jay, or raccoon. Matthew was
Speaker 4: thinking hard. Jimmy, you know this one.
Speaker 3: If I don't, I'd probably be pretty disappointed.
Speaker 4: Okay, So Conley, do you have this one?
Speaker 1: I'm pretty sure I do.
Speaker 4: Now, don't tell us what nocturnal is, but do you
Speaker 4: know what nocturnal means? It means just yes or no?
Speaker 4: Do you know what nocturnal means? Yes, he's shaking his head. Yes.
Speaker 4: Our room looks very confident. They all seem to know
Speaker 4: what nocturnal is, and they know which of these is
Speaker 4: not nocturnal between a bat, a blue jay, and a raccoon.
Speaker 1: Jimmy, if you don't get this, you're going to be
Speaker 1: a disappointment to the family.
Speaker 4: Wow, strong words from Rosie. Is everybody have an answer?
Speaker 4: Go ahead as your answers Rosie, Mabel, blue Jay, I
Speaker 4: know Haydencoon Conley, Bluejay, Matthew, Jimmy. The correct answer is
Speaker 4: blue Jay. Well done, kids, a lot of correct answers
Speaker 4: in the room. Nocturnal animals are those that are most
Speaker 4: active at night, diurnal animals are those that are most
Speaker 4: active during the day, and crepuscular animals are those that
Speaker 4: are most active at sunrise and sunset. Can you guys
Speaker 4: name some other nocturnal animals?
Speaker 3: Hamsters are they?
Speaker 4: I don't, You're gonna have to. I mean, you're right
Speaker 4: until I prove you wrong, and I can't prove you wrong.
Speaker 4: It's a hamster nocturnal.
Speaker 2: Run all night.
Speaker 4: How about some more traditional nocturnal animals besides the little rodents?
Speaker 4: Anything else? What do you got, Rosie? That was in
Speaker 4: the question you guys are throwing out? You know I
Speaker 4: can't prove you wrong with the Tasmanian devil avenue idea?
Speaker 4: Sometimes sure, owls, foxes, coyotes, possums, most types of toads
Speaker 4: and frogs. How about you, guys? Are you nocturnal or diurnal? No?
Speaker 4: I'm diarnal dial Maybe over Christmas break? Where any of
Speaker 4: you nocturnal over Christmas? Filled the engineer. He's nocturnal over
Speaker 4: Christmas break as well? Question three, which of these is
Speaker 4: not a type of cloud? Is it Stratus esophagus or cumulus?
Speaker 1: Apposed to.
Speaker 4: Well, I would think at some point in school maybe
Speaker 4: they've talked to you about clouds and science class. Now
Speaker 4: has that has not happened?
Speaker 1: One teacher we had a big science you know she's
Speaker 1: an and I've done the same teacher, What.
Speaker 4: Do you do you think you know the answer? Yes, okay?
Speaker 4: Which of these is not a type of cloud? Two
Speaker 4: of them are clouds, one of them is not Stratus
Speaker 4: esophagus or cumulus. Spelling does not matter. You can get
Speaker 4: very creative with how you spell your answers. Yeah, that's
Speaker 4: what I did, was spelling Mabel. Do you know the answer?
Speaker 4: Conservation would be do you think you've hearn about this
Speaker 4: in school as well?
Speaker 1: Yeah?
Speaker 3: Okay?
Speaker 4: Which is not a type of cloud? Stratus, esophagus, cumulus?
Speaker 4: Is everybody ready?
Speaker 3: Yeah?
Speaker 4: Go ahead and reveal your answers.
Speaker 1: Rosie astrophagus, Mabel esophagus, a esophagus, haydeneshagus, Conley, Matthew, Jimmy esophagus.
Speaker 4: The correct answer is esophagus. About half of you got
Speaker 4: that one right, Stratus clouds are those that can cover
Speaker 4: the sky in a uniformed layer of gray and can
Speaker 4: sometimes produce rain over snow. Cumulus clouds have sharp outlines
Speaker 4: that often resemble culliflower and Esophagus is the tube in
Speaker 4: your throat where food travels down, which also happens to
Speaker 4: be where burps travel up. And here's what we're gonna do.
Speaker 4: If one of you can burp on command, we're gonna
Speaker 4: add an extra ten dollars to this donation. Can anybody
Speaker 4: in here do it?
Speaker 1: Side?
Speaker 4: None of you can do it. Conley Hayden with a
Speaker 4: clutch verp that sounded like a genuine verb. He didn't
Speaker 4: have to course it. Oh, okay, we got more of them.
Speaker 4: Now we're gonna add That sounded like a growl. I
Speaker 4: don't know if we're gonna get that. Hayden adding extra
Speaker 4: ten dollars. That's it for today's round of trivia, filled
Speaker 4: the engineer. How much money did we raise?
Speaker 6: Well, they raised one hundred and sixty dollars, but with
Speaker 6: Hayden's burp comes up to one seventy.
Speaker 4: One hundred and seventy dollars going to the National Wild
Speaker 4: Turkey Federation. Well done, kids, join us snacks, Time for
Speaker 4: more meat Eater Kids Trivia, the only game show we're burping,
Speaker 4: pays for conservation.
Speaker 6: Thank you so much for listening. We really hope you
Speaker 6: enjoyed the episode. If you want to bone up on
Speaker 6: your outdoor knowledge before the next episode drops, pick up
Speaker 6: a copy of the book Catch a Crayfish, Count the Stars.
Speaker 6: It's available wherever books are sold, and it's chalk full
Speaker 6: of activity that will turn you into a true outdoor expert.
Speaker 6: Now get outside. Be sure to tune in next week
Speaker 6: for another episode of
Speaker 5: Days