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Speaker 1: Part one Why It's the Way it Is.

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Speaker 2: Today, we're going to talk about two famous hunters who

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Speaker 2: were very different people named Daniel Boone and Davy Crockett. Now,

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Speaker 2: the reason why we're going to talk about Daniel Boone

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Speaker 2: and Davy Crockett together is a couple of reasons for

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Speaker 2: that I have found in my life as a hunter.

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Speaker 2: I have found that if you go and ask people

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Speaker 2: to name famous frontiersman or famous hunters from America's history,

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Speaker 2: you will often get those two names as answers, Daniel

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Speaker 2: Boone and Davy Crockett. Another reason they're often associated together

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Speaker 2: is there is a very successful prominent conservation organization called

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Speaker 2: the Boone and Crocket Club. And on past episodes of

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Speaker 2: Why It's the Way It Is, we talked about President

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Speaker 2: Theodore Roosevelt. Well, President Theodore Roosevelt was a member of

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Speaker 2: the Boone and Crocket Club. The organization is that old

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Speaker 2: and it's still around today and still very effective today

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Speaker 2: in helping to restore and help manage our big game

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Speaker 2: populations in North America. So the Boone and Crocket Club

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Speaker 2: draws its name from these two people, and it would

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Speaker 2: kind of lead you to believe that Boone and Crockett

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Speaker 2: knew each other, or that they somehow hung out together,

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Speaker 2: or that they were contemporaries, but in fact they're not.

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Speaker 2: In fact, Daniel Boone and Davy Crockett would not have

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Speaker 2: ever even met each other, though their lives overlapped. Daniel

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Speaker 2: Boone was born in seventeen thirty four, so he was

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Speaker 2: born forty two years before the United States of America

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Speaker 2: became the United States of America. He was born forty

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Speaker 2: two years before our country declared its independence from Great Britain,

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Speaker 2: and he died in eighteen twenty. Daniel Boone was born

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Speaker 2: in Pennsylvania. He moved from there down to North Carolina.

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Speaker 2: He moved from North Carolina to Kentucky, and he eventually

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Speaker 2: moved to the state of Missouri, and that is where

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Speaker 2: he died in Missouri. Now Davy Crockett was born ten

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Speaker 2: years after the birth of our country, the United States

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Speaker 2: of America. He was born in seventeen eighty six, and

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Speaker 2: he died young. He died when he was fifty years old,

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Speaker 2: and he died at the Alamo.

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Speaker 3: And maybe you've heard of the Alamo.

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Speaker 2: It was a fort, a military fort in Texas, and

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Speaker 2: a bunch of Americans and Texans were occupying that fort

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Speaker 2: during a war with Mexico, and all of the Americans

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Speaker 2: and Texans that were in that fort defending that fort

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Speaker 2: were overrun and killed by members of the Mexican army

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Speaker 2: under a general.

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Speaker 3: Name Santa Ana.

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Speaker 2: So that is how Crockett died. But let's talk a

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Speaker 2: little bit about how Daniel Boone lived and how Davy

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Speaker 2: Crockett lived and why we kind of know their hunters,

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Speaker 2: but we don't really know the detail of what they

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Speaker 2: hunted and how they hunted. Both Boone and Crockett, even

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Speaker 2: though they weren't friends and didn't hang out and didn't

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Speaker 2: meet each other, they were both market hunters. And I'm

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Speaker 2: going to explain a little bit about what their hunting

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Speaker 2: looked like. And we're going to start with what Daniel

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Speaker 2: Boone's hunting looked like. He was a market hunter, so

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Speaker 2: he hunted for products. Okay, if you imagine a miner,

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Speaker 2: Let's say.

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Speaker 3: You're a miner. You're a gold miner, all right.

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Speaker 2: And you go into the mountains and you dig down

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Speaker 2: and get a gold pan and go to a creek.

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Speaker 3: And you know, and you go gold mining.

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Speaker 2: You're trying to produce gold that you can sell for money,

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Speaker 2: and that's how you support yourself. If you're a logger,

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Speaker 2: you might go into you know, timber country, and you're

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Speaker 2: gonna cut down logs and sell the logs which are

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Speaker 2: made into products. Okay, they're made into wooden houses and

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Speaker 2: all the things we buy that are made out of wood.

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Speaker 3: Well.

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Speaker 2: The market hunter was a person who went out into

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Speaker 2: the wilds and pursued animals in order to be able

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Speaker 2: to sell parts of those animals that had a market value.

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Speaker 2: And Daniel Boone did two main kinds of hunting in

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Speaker 2: his day. Remember, Daniel Boone was alive on the years

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Speaker 2: that sat on either side of the creation of the

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Speaker 2: United States of America. So when he was born, Daniel

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Speaker 2: Boone would have not have described himself as an American.

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Speaker 2: He was a British colonial subject. And at that time

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Speaker 2: there was a thriving market for these skins of whitetail deer,

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Speaker 2: and that is the primary occupation that Daniel Boone had,

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Speaker 2: would be hunting whitetail deer at those times during his life.

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Speaker 2: Most of the market hunters, they were called long hunters.

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Speaker 3: In Daniel Boone's time, most of the long hunters or market.

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Speaker 2: Hunters would live in little farming settlements on the edge

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Speaker 2: of the wilderness. And when the hunters set out to

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Speaker 2: do their hunting, they would go into the wilds.

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Speaker 3: They would go westward.

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Speaker 2: Into the wilds and they would hunt deer and they

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Speaker 2: would collect up sometimes hundreds.

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Speaker 3: Of deer skins.

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Speaker 2: Now you might have heard the term a buck meaning

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Speaker 2: a dollar, like if you bought something from someone and

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Speaker 2: they said it's going to be five bucks, or you

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Speaker 2: bet someone five bucks.

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Speaker 3: Bucks means a dollar, and that.

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Speaker 2: Term comes from the fact that a deer skin was

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Speaker 2: worth about a dollar. So the skin of a buck

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Speaker 2: was worth about a dollar in Daniel Boone's time, and

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Speaker 2: he would go and hunt these deer skins, and the

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Speaker 2: deer skins would all be exported to England, and in

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Speaker 2: England they would be turned into gloves and pants and

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Speaker 2: bags and all sorts of leather products. Daniel Boone also

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Speaker 2: engaged in bear hunting for the commercial market. Now today

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Speaker 2: people might hunt bears because they want to get bear

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Speaker 2: meat that they'll put in their freezer and use to

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Speaker 2: feed their family. And they might want a bear rug,

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Speaker 2: so a bear rug that they can hang on the

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Speaker 2: wall or put on the floor, or they might get

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Speaker 2: a bear mounted so they can display the bear in

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Speaker 2: their house.

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Speaker 3: And that's what people are after when they go after

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Speaker 3: a black bear.

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Speaker 2: But in Daniel Boone's time as a market hunter, where

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Speaker 2: he was after was products that could be made from

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Speaker 2: black bears. And one of the primary products he was

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Speaker 2: after from black bears is bear grease. Now, if you

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Speaker 2: ever look at a baking recipe, you talk to someone

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Speaker 2: who likes to bake different pie crosts and other baked goods,

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Speaker 2: they might talk about using lard, or someone might fry

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Speaker 2: potatoes and lard we use nowadays when you go to

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Speaker 2: the store, you're buying pork lards, you're buying lard made

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Speaker 2: from pigs. And Daniel Boone's time, a very common source

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Speaker 2: of lard was bear lard, and so Daniel Boone would

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Speaker 2: hunt bears. He would render down all the fat on

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Speaker 2: the bear in the lard and then sell that.

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Speaker 3: Lard to the commercial markets.

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Speaker 2: He would also make ham, so just as our lard

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Speaker 2: today comes from pork, our ham today mostly comes from pork,

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Speaker 2: But in Daniel Boone's time, they would make smoked bear hams.

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Speaker 2: So Daniel Boone would go out, he would hunt bears.

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Speaker 2: If he got a bear, he would render all the

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Speaker 2: fat into lard. He would take the meat and he

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Speaker 2: would brind it, and then he would make a smokehouse

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Speaker 2: and smoke it. And he could take all that smoked

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Speaker 2: bear meat and go back to the settlements and sell

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Speaker 2: it for money. And that's how Daniel Boone made his living. Now,

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Speaker 2: Davy krock was a professional hunter too, though he was

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Speaker 2: born again much later than Boone, though their lives did

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Speaker 2: overlap a little bit, and Crockett had many different occupations

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Speaker 2: in his life. But let's look at what he did

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Speaker 2: as a market hunter. He did a lot of hunting

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Speaker 2: like Boone did for bears. In fact, Davy Crockett became

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Speaker 2: even more famous than Boone as a bear hunter and

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Speaker 2: hunting for bear meat that could be smoked in the

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Speaker 2: hams and bear lard. But Davy Crockett had another very

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Speaker 2: interesting job as a market hunter in his day because

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Speaker 2: when the military would be out on expeditions, so when

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Speaker 2: the military would be out waging its wars, and in

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Speaker 2: Crockett's time, many of those wars were with Euro American

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Speaker 2: or Americans fighting against Native American tribes in the southeastern

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Speaker 2: United States or in Florida, and they would be on

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Speaker 2: big wilderness journeys as they sought out the tribes that

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Speaker 2: they were at war with. And you have to wonder, well,

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Speaker 2: what do all those soldiers eat when they're traveling through

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Speaker 2: the wilderness. Well, Crockett had a job supplying meat to

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Speaker 2: feed the army. So armies today you hear about them

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Speaker 2: eating MREs. They might go to the mess hall, right,

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Speaker 2: food might be flown on a helicopter. In Crockett's time,

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Speaker 2: armies ate food that could be stolen from Native Americans

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Speaker 2: that they were raiding against, or they ate food that

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Speaker 2: their hunters could kill and bring back to camp. And

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Speaker 2: that is the kind of market hunting that Davy Crockett

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Speaker 2: was involved in when he was young. So to wrap up,

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Speaker 2: Boone and Crockett two famous American hunters and frontiersmen and explorers,

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Speaker 2: not friends, didn't know each other, but both made their

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Speaker 2: living hunting America's wild animals and producing products from those

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Speaker 2: animals they could sell in order to support themselves.

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Speaker 4: Guess that critter.

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Speaker 5: It's time for Guess that critter. Where we play animal

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Speaker 5: sounds and you've got to guess what animal is making

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Speaker 5: those sounds. You'll learn some neat facts about these animals

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Speaker 5: and develop your ear to better identify their sounds in

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Speaker 5: the wild or in this case, maybe in your attic too.

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Speaker 5: And don't worry, we'll throw in some clues along the way.

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Speaker 5: Now listen closely. That's pretty loud, isn't it. It's like

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Speaker 5: a whole roaring chorus. What you're hearing are hundreds of

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Speaker 5: these marine mammals gathered together. They've emerged from catching anything

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Speaker 5: from salmon to cod to small sharks in the ocean

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Speaker 5: and have now climbed up onto rocks known as a

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Speaker 5: haul out for some sun and rest. Why are they

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Speaker 5: making these sounds? Both the males and females vocalize in

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Speaker 5: the same low, deep tones to communicate with each other,

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Speaker 5: to find their babies when they return from fishing, and

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Speaker 5: to defend their territory. As marine mammals, they spend a

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Speaker 5: lot of time hunting in the water, but have to

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Speaker 5: come up to breathe air. They have four wing like flippers,

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Speaker 5: which they use to walk on land and to swim

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Speaker 5: in the ocean. They're covered with hair and have a

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Speaker 5: thick layer of blubber or fat on their bodies to

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Speaker 5: insulate them from the cold water and have whiskers on

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Speaker 5: their faces, which they use to sense prey. They're also huge.

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Speaker 5: Males can be ten feet long and weigh up to

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Speaker 5: twenty four hundred pounds, which is like six African lions

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Speaker 5: stacked together. Females average seven point five feet in length

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Speaker 5: and weigh about six hundred pounds. But they're not so

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Speaker 5: big that nothing can mess with them. Killer whales and

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Speaker 5: sleeper sharks are known to gobble them up. Here's the

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Speaker 5: sound of a lone female, so you can hear her

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Speaker 5: individual call. Okay, it's time for the reveal. It's a

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Speaker 5: stellar sea lion. Stellar sea lions live across a wide

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Speaker 5: ocean range from the coast of California all the way

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Speaker 5: up to the coast of Alaska and west over the

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Speaker 5: coasts of Russia and Japan. At times, they have served

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Speaker 5: as a valuable food resource to various Native American and

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Speaker 5: Native Alaskan groups. Unfortunately, they were listed as threatened in

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Speaker 5: nineteen ninety under the Endangered Species Act, but recovery efforts

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Speaker 5: were thankfully successful, and now they're doing great in many

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Speaker 5: of the places where they live. Make sure to join

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Speaker 5: us next week for Guess that Critter.

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Speaker 4: Part three.

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Speaker 6: Trivia, and now it's time for Meat Eater Kids Trivia,

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Speaker 6: the other only game show where conservation always wins. This

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Speaker 6: is a quiz show for kids who love the outdoors.

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Speaker 6: Take it away, Spencer.

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Speaker 4: Today, I'm joined by Jimmy, Rosie, matthew Aa, Mabel Hayden,

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Speaker 4: and Conley. Each player will earn ten dollars for conservation

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Speaker 4: with every question they get right today. There's a potential

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Speaker 4: for this room to earn up to two hundred and

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Speaker 4: ten dollars this week. That donation is going to the

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Speaker 4: National Wild Turkey Federation, who publishes the kids magazine about

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Speaker 4: wildlife conservation called Jake's Country. Let's see how much money

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Speaker 4: our players can raise. Question one, Which type of tree

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Speaker 4: produces acorns? Is it an oak tree, a cottonwood tree,

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Speaker 4: or a maple tree? Which type of tree produces acorns?

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Speaker 4: Or if you like our friend Clay nukeomb he call

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Speaker 4: them acorns? Is it an oak tree, a cottonwood tree,

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Speaker 4: or a maple tree. Mabel, do you know this one?

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Speaker 4: You seem very confident, you know it with certainty? Yeah, okay,

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Speaker 4: I like that. How about Jimmy, Jimmy, you got this

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Speaker 4: one right?

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Speaker 3: I don't think so.

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Speaker 4: Okay, Hayden, do you know this one? Or you just

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Speaker 4: picking between the three as a guess. I think I

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Speaker 4: got this one.

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Speaker 3: Okay.

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Speaker 4: Is everybody ready for which type of tree produces acorns? Oak, cottonwood,

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Speaker 4: or maple. Matthew, you ready? Go ahead and reveal your answers? Rosie, Mabel,

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Speaker 4: ok Aina, Hayden, oak, conley, cotton, Matthew, Jimmy, Oh, the

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Speaker 4: correct answer is oak tree. The room did very well.

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Speaker 4: Oak trees are one of the most important trees to

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Speaker 4: wildlife in North America. Animals big and small, from caterpillars

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Speaker 4: to black bears, will eat their acorns. Each acorn contains

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Speaker 4: one or two seeds inside of it, and only one

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Speaker 4: in ten thousand of those acorns will ever turn into

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Speaker 4: a tree. Can you guys name some other animals that

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Speaker 4: eat acorns?

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Speaker 3: What do you got?

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Speaker 4: Squirrels they eat a lot of acorns. What else?

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Speaker 3: Rabbits?

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Speaker 4: Rabbits they eat yep birds, anything else you can think of.

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Speaker 4: Steve had some feedback Steve, what animals eat acorns? On rabbits?

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Speaker 4: If you google what animals? If you google what animals

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Speaker 4: eat acorns, it says a rabbit. So we're gonna trust

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Speaker 4: Steve or Google. You guys think Google Google it is. Yeah, turkeys, deer, squirrels, mice, rabbits, raccoons, kyleds,

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Speaker 4: fox hogs. They all eat acorns. Question two, Which of

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Speaker 4: these animals is not nocturnal? Is it a bat, a

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Speaker 4: blue jay, or a raccoon? Which of these anim animals

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Speaker 4: is not nocturnal? Bat, blue jay, or raccoon. Matthew was

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Speaker 4: thinking hard. Jimmy, you know this one.

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Speaker 3: If I don't, I'd probably be pretty disappointed.

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Speaker 4: Okay, So Conley, do you have this one?

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Speaker 1: I'm pretty sure I do.

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Speaker 4: Now, don't tell us what nocturnal is, but do you

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Speaker 4: know what nocturnal means? It means just yes or no?

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Speaker 4: Do you know what nocturnal means? Yes, he's shaking his head. Yes.

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Speaker 4: Our room looks very confident. They all seem to know

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Speaker 4: what nocturnal is, and they know which of these is

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Speaker 4: not nocturnal between a bat, a blue jay, and a raccoon.

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Speaker 1: Jimmy, if you don't get this, you're going to be

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Speaker 1: a disappointment to the family.

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Speaker 4: Wow, strong words from Rosie. Is everybody have an answer?

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Speaker 4: Go ahead as your answers Rosie, Mabel, blue Jay, I

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Speaker 4: know Haydencoon Conley, Bluejay, Matthew, Jimmy. The correct answer is

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Speaker 4: blue Jay. Well done, kids, a lot of correct answers

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Speaker 4: in the room. Nocturnal animals are those that are most

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Speaker 4: active at night, diurnal animals are those that are most

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Speaker 4: active during the day, and crepuscular animals are those that

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Speaker 4: are most active at sunrise and sunset. Can you guys

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Speaker 4: name some other nocturnal animals?

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Speaker 3: Hamsters are they?

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Speaker 4: I don't, You're gonna have to. I mean, you're right

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Speaker 4: until I prove you wrong, and I can't prove you wrong.

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Speaker 4: It's a hamster nocturnal.

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Speaker 2: Run all night.

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Speaker 4: How about some more traditional nocturnal animals besides the little rodents?

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Speaker 4: Anything else? What do you got, Rosie? That was in

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Speaker 4: the question you guys are throwing out? You know I

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Speaker 4: can't prove you wrong with the Tasmanian devil avenue idea?

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Speaker 4: Sometimes sure, owls, foxes, coyotes, possums, most types of toads

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Speaker 4: and frogs. How about you, guys? Are you nocturnal or diurnal? No?

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Speaker 4: I'm diarnal dial Maybe over Christmas break? Where any of

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Speaker 4: you nocturnal over Christmas? Filled the engineer. He's nocturnal over

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Speaker 4: Christmas break as well? Question three, which of these is

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Speaker 4: not a type of cloud? Is it Stratus esophagus or cumulus?

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Speaker 1: Apposed to.

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Speaker 4: Well, I would think at some point in school maybe

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Speaker 4: they've talked to you about clouds and science class. Now

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Speaker 4: has that has not happened?

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Speaker 1: One teacher we had a big science you know she's

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Speaker 1: an and I've done the same teacher, What.

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Speaker 4: Do you do you think you know the answer? Yes, okay?

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Speaker 4: Which of these is not a type of cloud? Two

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Speaker 4: of them are clouds, one of them is not Stratus

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Speaker 4: esophagus or cumulus. Spelling does not matter. You can get

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Speaker 4: very creative with how you spell your answers. Yeah, that's

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Speaker 4: what I did, was spelling Mabel. Do you know the answer?

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Speaker 4: Conservation would be do you think you've hearn about this

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Speaker 4: in school as well?

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Speaker 1: Yeah?

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Speaker 3: Okay?

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Speaker 4: Which is not a type of cloud? Stratus, esophagus, cumulus?

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Speaker 4: Is everybody ready?

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Speaker 3: Yeah?

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Speaker 4: Go ahead and reveal your answers.

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Speaker 1: Rosie astrophagus, Mabel esophagus, a esophagus, haydeneshagus, Conley, Matthew, Jimmy esophagus.

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Speaker 4: The correct answer is esophagus. About half of you got

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Speaker 4: that one right, Stratus clouds are those that can cover

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Speaker 4: the sky in a uniformed layer of gray and can

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Speaker 4: sometimes produce rain over snow. Cumulus clouds have sharp outlines

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Speaker 4: that often resemble culliflower and Esophagus is the tube in

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Speaker 4: your throat where food travels down, which also happens to

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Speaker 4: be where burps travel up. And here's what we're gonna do.

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Speaker 4: If one of you can burp on command, we're gonna

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Speaker 4: add an extra ten dollars to this donation. Can anybody

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Speaker 4: in here do it?

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Speaker 1: Side?

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Speaker 4: None of you can do it. Conley Hayden with a

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Speaker 4: clutch verp that sounded like a genuine verb. He didn't

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Speaker 4: have to course it. Oh, okay, we got more of them.

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Speaker 4: Now we're gonna add That sounded like a growl. I

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Speaker 4: don't know if we're gonna get that. Hayden adding extra

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Speaker 4: ten dollars. That's it for today's round of trivia, filled

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Speaker 4: the engineer. How much money did we raise?

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Speaker 6: Well, they raised one hundred and sixty dollars, but with

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Speaker 6: Hayden's burp comes up to one seventy.

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Speaker 4: One hundred and seventy dollars going to the National Wild

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Speaker 4: Turkey Federation. Well done, kids, join us snacks, Time for

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Speaker 4: more meat Eater Kids Trivia, the only game show we're burping,

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Speaker 4: pays for conservation.

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Speaker 6: Thank you so much for listening. We really hope you

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Speaker 6: enjoyed the episode. If you want to bone up on

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Speaker 6: your outdoor knowledge before the next episode drops, pick up

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Speaker 6: a copy of the book Catch a Crayfish, Count the Stars.

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Speaker 6: It's available wherever books are sold, and it's chalk full

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Speaker 6: of activity that will turn you into a true outdoor expert.

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Speaker 6: Now get outside. Be sure to tune in next week

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Speaker 6: for another episode of

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Speaker 5: Days