WEBVTT - Harassment Concerns at Oxford Went Unaddressed for Years

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<v Speaker 1>Bloomberg Audio Studios, podcasts, radio news. Earlier this year, a

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<v Speaker 1>woman approached Bloomberg's London office with the stories she thought

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<v Speaker 1>needed telling about one of the oldest and most prestigious

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<v Speaker 1>universities in the world.

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<v Speaker 2>She's been trying to highlight problems with Oxford for a

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<v Speaker 2>while now.

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<v Speaker 1>Catherine Griffiths covers the city of London for Bloomberg with

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<v Speaker 1>a focus on equality and workplace culture.

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<v Speaker 2>And I thought, yes, we definitely should have a look

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<v Speaker 2>at this story and see where it might take us.

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<v Speaker 1>That one tip led Catherine to a deeper investigation into

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<v Speaker 1>multiple allegations of sexual misconduct, harassment, and bullying at Oxford

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<v Speaker 1>University and what dozens of people Catherine talked to described

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<v Speaker 1>as the university's failures in handling them.

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<v Speaker 2>The sad truth is actually there are really quite a

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<v Speaker 2>lot of women both there now in this current day

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<v Speaker 2>and dating back years who have had really terrible experiences

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<v Speaker 2>and not only have been the victims of sexual assault

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<v Speaker 2>and harassment and bullying, but also then when they've taken

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<v Speaker 2>these problems to the university, they have been very, very

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<v Speaker 2>disappointed and traumatized because the university really hasn't dealt with

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<v Speaker 2>those issues in a way that the women felt was

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<v Speaker 2>the right way to deal with them.

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<v Speaker 1>I'm Sarah Holder and this is the big take from

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<v Speaker 1>Bloomberg News Today. On the show, an investigation into allegations

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<v Speaker 1>of harassment, bullying, and sexual misconduct at Oxford and why

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<v Speaker 1>one of the world's leading universities has been slow to

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<v Speaker 1>act against powerful male academics accused of inappropriate behavior. Oxford

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<v Speaker 1>is one of the most famous universities on the planet.

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<v Speaker 1>It's educated many of the world's most powerful people, including

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<v Speaker 1>political leaders in the UK. Its research labs have made

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<v Speaker 1>high profile scientific breakthroughs. Its gothic buildings are what many

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<v Speaker 1>people imagine when they picture university campus. It's where many

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<v Speaker 1>of the famous Hogwarts scenes were filmed for the Harry

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<v Speaker 1>Potter movies, and Bloomberg's Catherine Griffith says that within the UK,

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<v Speaker 1>the university looms large.

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<v Speaker 2>It's a place of huge prestige. It's a place that

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<v Speaker 2>attracts millions and millions of pounds of donations from individuals,

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<v Speaker 2>from governments and from big business people who have an

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<v Speaker 2>interest in putting their money at a place where they

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<v Speaker 2>hope it can further science and further development, but where

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<v Speaker 2>also I think it's probably fair to say hope they

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<v Speaker 2>are going to get a little bit of that Oxford

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<v Speaker 2>magic rubbing off on them. They want something out of

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<v Speaker 2>that association too, So Oxford is all of those things.

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<v Speaker 1>Catherine, You've been digging into how this story influential university

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<v Speaker 1>handles something really important, allegations of harassment and misconduct. I'm

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<v Speaker 1>wondering if you can give us a sense of your

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<v Speaker 1>reporting process, how you know what you know.

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<v Speaker 2>Yes, so we've spoken to nearly fifty people over many

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<v Speaker 2>months now. Some of those people have been able to

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<v Speaker 2>give us some documents that back up their own accounts

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<v Speaker 2>that have been incredibly useful to really really be clear

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<v Speaker 2>that what we've heard is accurate and fair. We found

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<v Speaker 2>seven women who were able to tell us about their

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<v Speaker 2>experiences over the last five years that included rapes and

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<v Speaker 2>sexual assaults. We found there were thirty who described experiences

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<v Speaker 2>of bullying and harassment dating back over about twenty years.

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<v Speaker 2>In some cases, women who have themselves tried to come

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<v Speaker 2>forward to highlight other people facing these problems and who

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<v Speaker 2>have then found themselves to be squashed down, crushed, discouraged

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<v Speaker 2>from taking things further. So the numbers are really quite big,

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<v Speaker 2>and I think if we're being realistic, there'll be plenty

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<v Speaker 2>of other people who who maybe have had similar experiences.

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<v Speaker 1>One of the men who has been accused of harassment

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<v Speaker 1>is Sumitra Dutta. Who is he and what triggered Oxford's

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<v Speaker 1>initial investigation into him.

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<v Speaker 2>Yeah, So, Sumitra Dutta was the dean of Oxford's Sayid

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<v Speaker 2>Business School and a female academic came forward earlier this

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<v Speaker 2>year and made a complaint about him. She alleged that

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<v Speaker 2>he harrassed her on several occasions. Oxford did a formal

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<v Speaker 2>investigation into those allegations and came back over the summer

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<v Speaker 2>to say it was upholding those allegations. Sumitra Dutta then

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<v Speaker 2>left his job. None of the information about the investigation

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<v Speaker 2>was made public at the time. There were no reasons

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<v Speaker 2>given at the time for his departure, so we were

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<v Speaker 2>able to report in September that he left the university

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<v Speaker 2>after this investigation and after he had been found to

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<v Speaker 2>have harassed her.

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<v Speaker 1>What has the fallout been?

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<v Speaker 2>So there were academics there who were very unhappy with

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<v Speaker 2>the way the university was dealing with the investigation. They

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<v Speaker 2>felt they weren't being kept informed properly, and they felt

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<v Speaker 2>increasingly frustrated that, in their view, the university was being

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<v Speaker 2>quite hostile to them and not being clear and fair

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<v Speaker 2>in its processes.

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<v Speaker 1>Catherine also learned something about Douta's behavior in a past

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<v Speaker 1>workplace that could have raised flags at Oxford.

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<v Speaker 2>Before Sumitra Detter worked at Oxford, he had been the

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<v Speaker 2>dean of the Cornell Business School for a while and

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<v Speaker 2>he'd had a personal relationship with a young woman, a subordinate,

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<v Speaker 2>and when that became known at Cornell, Semitradeter stood down

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<v Speaker 2>as dean of the Business school there. Again, none of

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<v Speaker 2>that information was ever put into the public domain at

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<v Speaker 2>the time, but.

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<v Speaker 1>When he was hired at Oxford, they knew yeah.

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<v Speaker 2>So he continued at Cornell, just not as dean for

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<v Speaker 2>a few years, and then when he came to Oxford.

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<v Speaker 2>My sources have said that Oxford was well aware of

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<v Speaker 2>the fact that this had happened at Cornell, and they

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<v Speaker 2>went ahead with the hiring Anyway.

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<v Speaker 1>Dutta did not respond to Bloomberg's request for Karmet Catherine.

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<v Speaker 1>The way Oxford University investigated and handled Judah's case, how

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<v Speaker 1>similar is that to the way that they've handled other

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<v Speaker 1>cases like this.

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<v Speaker 2>So I think one of the biggest problems, both at

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<v Speaker 2>Oxford and in other universities is people being accused of misconduct.

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<v Speaker 2>They're potentially being an investigation of some description, and the

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<v Speaker 2>person then leaving that job, and it all happening behind

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<v Speaker 2>closed doors without any kind of disclosure or warning or

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<v Speaker 2>any sort of way in which potentially a university and

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<v Speaker 2>institution could try to ensure that that person maybe doesn't

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<v Speaker 2>go somewhere else where. Clearly the risk is run that

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<v Speaker 2>they may do it again. It seems to happen time

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<v Speaker 2>and time again. Another person in our reporting was a

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<v Speaker 2>really really prestigious professor at Oxford for a long period

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<v Speaker 2>of time. His name is Miles Houston. He was a

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<v Speaker 2>professor of social psychology. He's this really really famous person

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<v Speaker 2>in his field. We've spoken to twenty women who had

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<v Speaker 2>real problem with him over quite a long period of time.

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<v Speaker 1>What did women tell you about Houston's behavior and how

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<v Speaker 1>it affected them?

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<v Speaker 2>So he ran a psychology lab and women and male

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<v Speaker 2>students both felt incredibly privileged to work with him. Yet

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<v Speaker 2>some of those women found that it was not the

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<v Speaker 2>kind of experience they were hoping for or expecting. Miles

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<v Speaker 2>Houston has behaved in a sexually harassing way to multiple

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<v Speaker 2>women over many years. According to our reporting, some of

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<v Speaker 2>these women described feeling flattered and overwhelmed by the tension,

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<v Speaker 2>not quite knowing what to do given the extreme power

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<v Speaker 2>and balance between them. He would give gifts to women

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<v Speaker 2>that they felt were intended to make them feel grateful

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<v Speaker 2>towards him. If they said to him that he had

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<v Speaker 2>behaved in a way that men made them feel uncomfortable,

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<v Speaker 2>he might use this phraseology, have I been a bad boy?

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<v Speaker 1>What happened when women initially raise their concerns? How did

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<v Speaker 1>the university respond?

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<v Speaker 2>So in the case of Miles Houston, he was at

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<v Speaker 2>Oxford for eighteen years, so it's a story that sort

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<v Speaker 2>of evolved over a long time, and of course, you know,

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<v Speaker 2>so did society in that time. There's women who've told

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<v Speaker 2>us about trying to raise his behavior with others. One

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<v Speaker 2>woman in particular told us about trying to talk to

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<v Speaker 2>a harassment advisor at the university, but her recollection was

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<v Speaker 2>that this harassment advisor was more worried about the potential

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<v Speaker 2>fallout for the university. Eventually, in twenty seventeen, a woman

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<v Speaker 2>did decide she could bring a formal complaint against him,

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<v Speaker 2>and that really was the point at which things changed

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<v Speaker 2>and there was an investigation. We don't know exactly what

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<v Speaker 2>the outcome was, but we do know that Miles Houston

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<v Speaker 2>left to Oxford University in twenty nineteen.

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<v Speaker 1>And what do we know about how Houston has responded

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<v Speaker 1>to the university investigations and the concerns raised about his behavior.

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<v Speaker 2>So we have tried to ask him and he has

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<v Speaker 2>not replied. I've been told by sources that he described

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<v Speaker 2>retiring at the time from Oxford in twenty nineteen. He

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<v Speaker 2>has done other things in public life since then, including

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<v Speaker 2>now working for this Indian university. He remains a fellow

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<v Speaker 2>of the British Academy, which is a very prestigious institution

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<v Speaker 2>in UK society. But we haven't heard anything, certainly in

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<v Speaker 2>the public domain from him that reflects what he may

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<v Speaker 2>or may not think about these allegations.

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<v Speaker 1>I'm wondering, more broadly, how has Oxford's leadership responded to

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<v Speaker 1>allegations of harassment, bullying, sexual misconduct in their home and

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<v Speaker 1>what's the pattern that's emerged across all of these cases.

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<v Speaker 2>For you, it has been different in different cases. We

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<v Speaker 2>have reported in our story on two investigations where two

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<v Speaker 2>men left Oxford, and the women involved in those cases

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<v Speaker 2>felt the outcomes were significant victories. But we have also

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<v Speaker 2>heard on multiple occasions about women who felt Oxford has

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<v Speaker 2>not done a good job in pursuing their complaints. One

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<v Speaker 2>woman described it as being like a deliberate chaos machine

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<v Speaker 2>where the people involved never really intended to help.

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<v Speaker 1>In response to Catherine's detailed questions, Oxford said it couldn't

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<v Speaker 1>comment on individual cases, but provided a statement.

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<v Speaker 2>It's said directly through a spokesperson. Sexual harassment has no

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<v Speaker 2>place at Oxford. Our sympathies and thoughts are with anyone

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<v Speaker 2>who has experienced harassment or misconduct. We strive to ensure

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<v Speaker 2>that Oxford is always a safe place for all students

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<v Speaker 2>and staff. We take concern and seriously applying robust procedures.

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<v Speaker 2>Support for those affected is a priority, and we take

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<v Speaker 2>precautionary and or disciplinary action where justified. And then it

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<v Speaker 2>talked about a new approach. It's brought in that they

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<v Speaker 2>say sets out our approach, support and training. We encourage

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<v Speaker 2>anyone who has a concern to raise it.

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<v Speaker 1>What have the last inconsequences been for women who have

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<v Speaker 1>experienced harassment at Oxford, and for women who have reported

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<v Speaker 1>harassment at Oxford.

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<v Speaker 2>Some people who've been through even some of these recent

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<v Speaker 2>investigations have said they have been very pleased with the

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<v Speaker 2>way people have dealt with their complaints. But the lasting

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<v Speaker 2>effect really is women who have been sexually assorted or

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<v Speaker 2>harassed or bullied, and then on top of that, who

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<v Speaker 2>have gone through processes that on the whole they have

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<v Speaker 2>felt to be re traumatizing, upsetting. People describe feeling that

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<v Speaker 2>they have post traumatic stress disorder. There are women who

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<v Speaker 2>have left the university. There are women who are sort

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<v Speaker 2>of now in limbo because they can't go back to

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<v Speaker 2>their studies necessarily, they can't move forward, and yet they're

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<v Speaker 2>alleged harasses have got on fine.

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<v Speaker 1>So why has it been so challenging to get Oxford

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<v Speaker 1>to hold people accountable after concerns are raised? That's next.

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<v Speaker 1>Bloomberg's Catherine Griffiths has been investigating how Oxford University responds

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<v Speaker 1>to allegations of misconduct, and she's uncovered a number of

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<v Speaker 1>reasons why one of the UK's leading universities has lagged

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<v Speaker 1>behind its peers. Part of it, she says, is structural.

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<v Speaker 2>So Oxford University is made up of more than forty

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<v Speaker 2>different colleges, and so if you're a student, you might

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<v Speaker 2>study at one particular college or another particular college, and

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<v Speaker 2>so if you are harrassed or assorted as a student,

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<v Speaker 2>you have to take that complaint in most cases to

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<v Speaker 2>your college rather than the central university. And that has

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<v Speaker 2>created lots and lots of problems for women who've tried

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<v Speaker 2>to hold their harassers to account. That's because these colleges

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<v Speaker 2>are their own individual legal entities. There are information sharing

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<v Speaker 2>arrangements in place, but in practice people say it doesn't

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<v Speaker 2>seem to happen that way, and it creates a complicated,

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<v Speaker 2>fragmented system.

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<v Speaker 1>Catherine says. Another challenge is cultural.

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<v Speaker 2>So Oxford is a nine hundred odd year old institution.

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<v Speaker 2>People love the history and the traditions, the special class,

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<v Speaker 2>those people where to do exams. There's all sorts of

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<v Speaker 2>things which make Oxford Oxford, but certainly linked to that

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<v Speaker 2>are quite negative things. And those include a university that

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<v Speaker 2>can in some ways be unwilling to make changes that

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<v Speaker 2>other places, other parts of society, other universities maybe think

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<v Speaker 2>are more appropriate and moving with the times. Now, Oxford

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<v Speaker 2>would probably dispute that, and of course it is at

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<v Speaker 2>the cutting edge in many, many different ways. But it

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<v Speaker 2>is a university where the vast majority of senior professors

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<v Speaker 2>are men. It also has a higher number than at

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<v Speaker 2>some of its peers of particularly famous male professors who

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<v Speaker 2>bring in lots and lots of grant funding. So Oxford

0:15:54.360 --> 0:15:58.080
<v Speaker 2>very explicitly has said to us that it rejects any

0:15:58.160 --> 0:16:03.000
<v Speaker 2>kind of suggestion that it puts people's reputation above other

0:16:03.040 --> 0:16:07.640
<v Speaker 2>people's safety. But the experiences of people who have spoken

0:16:07.680 --> 0:16:11.880
<v Speaker 2>to us is certainly their feeling is that the reputation

0:16:12.720 --> 0:16:16.880
<v Speaker 2>of some of their alleged harassers has played into the

0:16:16.880 --> 0:16:18.280
<v Speaker 2>way Oxford has dealt with this.

0:16:19.080 --> 0:16:23.000
<v Speaker 1>In certain cases that surface during Catherine's reporting process, the

0:16:23.040 --> 0:16:27.800
<v Speaker 1>way Oxford leadership responded also contributed to a chilling effect.

0:16:28.040 --> 0:16:31.440
<v Speaker 2>So we spoke to a young woman who was studying

0:16:31.560 --> 0:16:35.680
<v Speaker 2>for a PhD at Balliol College, and she has described

0:16:35.720 --> 0:16:41.240
<v Speaker 2>to us being sexually assaulted by a male student at

0:16:41.320 --> 0:16:45.440
<v Speaker 2>Bailliol College. She made a formal complaint about it, and

0:16:45.480 --> 0:16:48.000
<v Speaker 2>then she says the college dealt with the matter in

0:16:48.040 --> 0:16:54.960
<v Speaker 2>an incredibly unsupportive and in her view, unfair way. After that,

0:16:55.120 --> 0:16:57.840
<v Speaker 2>she talked to a news organization about what had happened

0:16:57.840 --> 0:17:01.800
<v Speaker 2>to her because she felt really upset and frustrated in

0:17:01.880 --> 0:17:05.080
<v Speaker 2>the light of that. Helen Gosch, who is the head

0:17:05.160 --> 0:17:09.040
<v Speaker 2>of Balliol College, she's a fairly well known person in

0:17:09.520 --> 0:17:12.919
<v Speaker 2>UK public life. She's received a damehood. She called a

0:17:12.920 --> 0:17:17.399
<v Speaker 2>meeting for students at which she challenged the young woman

0:17:17.520 --> 0:17:21.119
<v Speaker 2>about her account of what had happened, and leaflets were

0:17:21.119 --> 0:17:24.080
<v Speaker 2>printed out the young woman has told us, which had

0:17:24.119 --> 0:17:27.639
<v Speaker 2>some details about her case on them, including some private

0:17:27.680 --> 0:17:32.280
<v Speaker 2>information such as when the alleged sexual assault had taken place.

0:17:32.680 --> 0:17:37.720
<v Speaker 1>Following a student backlash, Balliol appointed an external investigator who

0:17:37.800 --> 0:17:41.680
<v Speaker 1>upheld some of the women's complaints. Balliol College told Bloomberg

0:17:41.720 --> 0:17:45.159
<v Speaker 1>in a statement that it takes its responsibilities seriously to

0:17:45.240 --> 0:17:48.520
<v Speaker 1>address and prevent harassment and has a rigorous set of

0:17:48.520 --> 0:17:52.080
<v Speaker 1>policies and procedures in place. It said it implemented all

0:17:52.080 --> 0:17:55.280
<v Speaker 1>the recommendations that were made in two independent reports it

0:17:55.320 --> 0:17:59.320
<v Speaker 1>commissioned following a harassment complaint by a student. So, after

0:17:59.400 --> 0:18:04.440
<v Speaker 1>doing all this reporting, what stands out about Oxford's process

0:18:04.440 --> 0:18:06.919
<v Speaker 1>for handling these types of issues when compared to the

0:18:07.000 --> 0:18:10.280
<v Speaker 1>measures and processes that other UK universities have.

0:18:10.880 --> 0:18:15.760
<v Speaker 2>So Oxford has changed its measures in various ways over

0:18:15.760 --> 0:18:19.520
<v Speaker 2>the years, and in September even this year has introduced

0:18:19.520 --> 0:18:24.919
<v Speaker 2>a new policy for students which is clearer and easier

0:18:25.000 --> 0:18:28.000
<v Speaker 2>to use for people who want to bring sexual harassment

0:18:28.280 --> 0:18:33.080
<v Speaker 2>non academic misconduct complaints. And that seemed to be a

0:18:33.119 --> 0:18:37.400
<v Speaker 2>broadly positive thing. But at the same time, there are

0:18:37.400 --> 0:18:41.520
<v Speaker 2>ways in which the university probably is still quite out

0:18:41.520 --> 0:18:45.200
<v Speaker 2>of step with other universities, and they may have policies,

0:18:45.240 --> 0:18:49.600
<v Speaker 2>but it's really how those policies are implemented and how

0:18:49.840 --> 0:18:53.080
<v Speaker 2>when people come forward in highly vulnerable states, how the

0:18:53.160 --> 0:18:54.959
<v Speaker 2>university actually deals with those people.

0:18:55.840 --> 0:18:59.639
<v Speaker 1>And Catherine's sources say there's more the university could do.

0:19:00.200 --> 0:19:05.240
<v Speaker 2>The reality is it's actually quite difficult for Oxford, any university,

0:19:05.359 --> 0:19:09.840
<v Speaker 2>any employer, to open the doors and give full disclosure

0:19:10.080 --> 0:19:14.240
<v Speaker 2>on an investigation, how it's going, what might happen to

0:19:14.760 --> 0:19:18.359
<v Speaker 2>a person who against whom discipline and reaction may be taken.

0:19:18.520 --> 0:19:22.359
<v Speaker 2>That said, I think it comes back to this point

0:19:22.400 --> 0:19:25.920
<v Speaker 2>about Oxford being a leader, and really people have told

0:19:26.000 --> 0:19:28.560
<v Speaker 2>us that it should be a leader in this field too.

0:19:29.000 --> 0:19:32.040
<v Speaker 2>It really needs to send the message to some of

0:19:32.080 --> 0:19:37.240
<v Speaker 2>these senior men at the university that this kind of

0:19:37.240 --> 0:19:41.840
<v Speaker 2>behavior is completely and utterly unacceptable. They need to make

0:19:41.880 --> 0:19:45.000
<v Speaker 2>it clear that they are not going to tolerate it.

0:19:45.640 --> 0:19:49.720
<v Speaker 1>On Thursday, in response to Catherine's investigation, the Member of

0:19:49.760 --> 0:19:54.200
<v Speaker 1>Parliament for Oxford Western Abingdon Leila Moran, said she would

0:19:54.200 --> 0:19:58.400
<v Speaker 1>be following up with university leadership to understand what more

0:19:58.520 --> 0:20:06.600
<v Speaker 1>they can do to address this issue. This is the

0:20:06.600 --> 0:20:10.240
<v Speaker 1>Big Take from Bloomberg News. I'm Sarah Holder. The show

0:20:10.280 --> 0:20:13.520
<v Speaker 1>was hosted by Me, David Gera and Wan Ha. The

0:20:13.560 --> 0:20:17.560
<v Speaker 1>show is made by Aaron Edwards, David Fox, Eleanor Harrison Dengate,

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<v Speaker 1>Patti hirsh Rachel Lewis, Krisky, Naomi Julia Press, Tracy Samuelson,

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<v Speaker 1>Naomi Shaven, Alex Hugiura, Julia Weaver, Yanyong and Taka Yasuzawa.

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<v Speaker 1>To get more from the Big Take and unlimited access

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0:20:39.400 --> 0:20:41.400
<v Speaker 1>back on Monday.