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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow Your Mind from how Stuff

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Speaker 1: Works dot com. Hey, welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind.

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Speaker 1: My name is Robert Lamb and I'm Julie Douglas. Save

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Speaker 1: your applause, because when we were talking about applause in

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Speaker 1: this episode, I don't know if you do applaud us

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Speaker 1: after a weird done um as you're listening to us

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Speaker 1: in your car, on the train, or in your bed.

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Speaker 1: But I hope I just assumed everyone applauded when we finished. Well,

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Speaker 1: hold on a second, let's just let's just listen to

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Speaker 1: a little bit of applause. Let's really soak it in.

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Speaker 1: I feel better already. Yeah. I knew they loved this.

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Speaker 1: I knew it. Um. You know, we are, of course

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Speaker 1: talking about clapping today, applause, about what it all means

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Speaker 1: in our universe and what it can tell us about

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Speaker 1: the laws governing the ways that we operate in the world. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: For instance, the big one, of course is when do

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Speaker 1: you clap? When do you not clap? When is it appropriate?

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Speaker 1: When is it unseemly? When do you not want the clap? Clapping? Clapping? Uh? Okay,

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Speaker 1: And of course there's a rich tradition of clapping in

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Speaker 1: childhood and happiness, right, because if you're happy and you

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Speaker 1: know what, you will clap your hands. That's what the

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Speaker 1: song says to do. And who we have to doubt it, Yeah, exactly.

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Speaker 1: And clapping really is one of those things that it

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Speaker 1: is just a rudimentary percussive instrument, right, You can use it,

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Speaker 1: you can start your songs. It's like used a lot

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Speaker 1: in folk music, right, Yeah, I mean it's the it's

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Speaker 1: the instrument of our bodies. Yeah, it's right up there

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Speaker 1: with like hand boning hamdbone hambone where you man exactly.

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Speaker 1: I don't know really the rest of that song. I

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Speaker 1: don't think anybody wants me to sing the rest of

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Speaker 1: that song. But you can also use clapping as as

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Speaker 1: even like a signal to turn electronic devices on and off. Right,

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Speaker 1: Clap on, clap off. Right. So, and there's just satisfaction

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Speaker 1: to a good clap. Have you ever noticed that? Yeah? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: like a like a good just a rich clap where

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Speaker 1: you really kind of cut your hands a bit and

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Speaker 1: you get that solid sound. Yeah. Yeah, it's a good,

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Speaker 1: meaty connection between your hands and it sort of comes

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Speaker 1: to symbolize something really important to you, right, Like that

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Speaker 1: performance was so enriching and beautiful that I must somehow

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Speaker 1: express myself. My wife often gets onto me, for um,

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Speaker 1: when we're at events where there's clapping, Like, generally what

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Speaker 1: I'll do is I love to clap, and I will

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Speaker 1: I will applaud an artist or or even you know,

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Speaker 1: a movie if it's if it's really had an effect

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Speaker 1: on me. But but my hands get a little tired

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Speaker 1: doing it. I mean, it's not that it's like wearing

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Speaker 1: me out and I'm just you know, you know, out

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Speaker 1: of breath or anything. But like after you know, pin

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Speaker 1: and claps, you know, you get kind of a stingy

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Speaker 1: sensation because I'm really committing on my early claps. So

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Speaker 1: if the audience continues to applaud, I'll often go to

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Speaker 1: a silent clap where I look like I'm clapping, but

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Speaker 1: I'm not really making any noise because at that point,

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Speaker 1: you feel like it's obligatory clapping. Yeah, So I continue

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Speaker 1: to keep up appearances, but I'm not really going to

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Speaker 1: contribute to the volume of of applause. And uh, and

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Speaker 1: my wife thinks that's kind of silly or something. All Right,

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Speaker 1: We're gonna touch back on that in a moment um.

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Speaker 1: I wanted to point out that Jay Fisher, he's a

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Speaker 1: classics professor Yale University, he dates the custom to at

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Speaker 1: least the third century BC. He said, you see it

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Speaker 1: at the end of a lot of place by plaud

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Speaker 1: Us and Terrence, where they have this word plaudit, which

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Speaker 1: is an imperative meaning applause or clap, So we see

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Speaker 1: it there. Um. We also know that it was popular

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Speaker 1: in ancient room, where it joined finger clicks and waving

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Speaker 1: handkerchiefs and expression of appreciation, so they would do clicks

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Speaker 1: with their fingers. I thought that was just a be

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Speaker 1: nick thing that I did not realize that that had

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Speaker 1: its origins in ancient room. And uh Bruno h Rep

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Speaker 1: has a paper all about clapping, the sound of two

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Speaker 1: hands clapping and exploratory study, and he found I thought

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Speaker 1: this was fascinating. There is no gender difference when it

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Speaker 1: comes to ladies and gents clapping, like sound volume or

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Speaker 1: how much they do it exactly both. So he wanted

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Speaker 1: to explore this idea because he thought, well, hand size

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Speaker 1: is a clear sexual dimorphism, right, so his hands are

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Speaker 1: big and meaty, and growths in women's hands are slight

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Speaker 1: and beautiful, right, and couldn't possibly produce sounds sure exactly

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Speaker 1: or the daintiest stuff, right, But he found that there

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Speaker 1: was no there was no different spoints. Whoever. I thought

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Speaker 1: that was just kind of funny too to find out about.

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Speaker 1: But anyway, if you ever want to know everything in

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Speaker 1: the world about clapping, you should definitely check out reps

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Speaker 1: paper the sound of two hands clapping. So we've all

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Speaker 1: been in an environment obviously where applause is taking place.

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Speaker 1: If you haven't, then then we have some questions about

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Speaker 1: your life. But for the most part, everyone knows that

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Speaker 1: those would generally happen. So it's like a couple of

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Speaker 1: people start applauding, then the applause builds, and then a

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Speaker 1: curious thing begins to happen. I mean, you don't think

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Speaker 1: about it as being curious at the time, because it

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Speaker 1: happens all the time, but a little synchronicity leaches its

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Speaker 1: way into the applause. And we know that this is

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Speaker 1: really important in social constructs, right, because we've talked about

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Speaker 1: the social contract that we all unwittingly sign because we

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Speaker 1: want to be cooperative, we want to be a community.

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Speaker 1: We have to get along, we have to have. We

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Speaker 1: have certain norms that we we generally want to to meet, Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and clapping is just another way to communicate. In fact,

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Speaker 1: in Samoa, which is an island in the South Pacific,

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Speaker 1: rhythm dancing, singing, and music are really integral to that

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Speaker 1: culture and so clapping is a is huge part of

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Speaker 1: how they expressed themselves through these stories and they re

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Speaker 1: enact these different stories by using these sound signals. And

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Speaker 1: I just wanted to play a quick clip of that

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Speaker 1: because I thought it was so cool to be able

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Speaker 1: to hear this community all participating in this act. And

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Speaker 1: of course you should really check out videos of this

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Speaker 1: as well, because any of these ritual uh you know,

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Speaker 1: Simonan performances are always a real treat to watch as well.

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Speaker 1: So you look at something like this and then you

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Speaker 1: begin to wonder, well, is this something that um is

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Speaker 1: integral to humans? Are we born clappers or we made clappers?

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Speaker 1: And a pediatric physical therapist and research at the University

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Speaker 1: of Hartford, she says that we are We're made and

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Speaker 1: we're not born. She said that I think it's a

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Speaker 1: learned behavior. I've seen babies spontaneously from excitement clasp their

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Speaker 1: hands together, but the motion of clapping is a learned behavior,

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Speaker 1: so the left of their own devices and an unschooled

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Speaker 1: infant might learn to clap, but generally speaking, you're you're

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Speaker 1: taught to clap before you do. I mean, it's to me,

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Speaker 1: it's kind of a hard question to answer because your

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Speaker 1: motor skills of the baby aren't really up to party clapping. Right. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I was terrible at when I was young. My family

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Speaker 1: continues to give me a hell over that, but really, yeah,

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Speaker 1: I couldn't like make I would try to clap and

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Speaker 1: I would go like this, you're crossing your your arms

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Speaker 1: if you look it, see you right now, You're trying

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Speaker 1: to clap and I'm missing. Okay, do it. Now, let

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Speaker 1: me do the quick clapping of hands together. There we go. Okay,

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Speaker 1: you're pretty good. Now, well now I'm all right, yeah,

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Speaker 1: all right. So, um, what does all this have to

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Speaker 1: do though? With social synchronicity. There's a twelve study from

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Speaker 1: cognitive neuroscientists at the California Institute of Technology and researchers

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Speaker 1: found that the body movement synchronization between two participants increases

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Speaker 1: following a short session of cooperative training, and it suggests

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Speaker 1: our ability to synchronized body movements is measurable, is a

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Speaker 1: measurable indicator of social interaction. So in other words, we

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Speaker 1: need this, we need this motion in order for all

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Speaker 1: of this to say, hey, we're all on the same page. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: I mean you think about any kind of like a

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Speaker 1: physical activity such as you know, like like any time

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Speaker 1: you're your your work or your your church or your

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Speaker 1: you know, whatever kind of group goes out and does

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Speaker 1: some sort of service act, like if you say you're

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Speaker 1: digging a ditch, like you can take people that do

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Speaker 1: not dig ditches, uh normally in their courses of the life.

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Speaker 1: You can get them out there. And via this kind

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Speaker 1: of synchronicity that we we have built in, we can

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Speaker 1: generally avoid shoveling at each other in the face by accident,

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Speaker 1: because you'll fall into the synchronicity of the chore. But

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Speaker 1: you're right, you're right, so we and and just I'm

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Speaker 1: thinking about rowing canoe to right. So if you you've

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Speaker 1: got two people rowing, but you just generally fall into

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Speaker 1: these rhythms. Yeah, now it made take an hour or two.

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Speaker 1: And and you're and and if it's if it's a

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Speaker 1: husband and wife in a canoe, your relationship might not

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Speaker 1: last long enough to reach that point of synchronicity, but

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Speaker 1: stick with it because you'll get there. You know, my

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Speaker 1: husband and I used to can do a lot and

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Speaker 1: when we lived in Roley, North Carolina, and um, I

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Speaker 1: could always sort of tell what take the weather of

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Speaker 1: our relationship on those Sundays when we were doing that,

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Speaker 1: because you know, if you're not in synchronicity, if you're

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Speaker 1: not sort of on the same page, then you start

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Speaker 1: fobble and you're not really rowing very well, and they

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Speaker 1: can just sort of rudder lists. But um, what I

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Speaker 1: thought was interesting about this study is that the researcher

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Speaker 1: Young Um Young said that the reason why they're studying

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Speaker 1: this is because it could open new vistas to study

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Speaker 1: the brain to brain interface that appears when cooperative relationships exist.

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Speaker 1: So they're looking at this is possibly in an extrapolation

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Speaker 1: of looking at how two brains can create a loose

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Speaker 1: dynamic system. So of course, you know, my futurest mind goes,

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Speaker 1: this is you know, a way to study this and

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Speaker 1: somehow link up brains. Yeah, I mean, there are a

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Speaker 1: number of really fascinating studies out there right now talking

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Speaker 1: about the possible use of this uh linking two brains

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Speaker 1: together form for a single task, such as piloting a spaceship. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and it's and it's fascinating to see something just as

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Speaker 1: elementary as clapp in your hands is being able to

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Speaker 1: study the ways in which our brains changed with this activity.

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Speaker 1: So this is all sort of predicated, this clapping and

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Speaker 1: this social interaction on this idea that has recent come

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Speaker 1: out that not only are we all meme machines. We

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Speaker 1: take our thoughts and we spread them, as evidenced by

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Speaker 1: the Internet, but something like clapping is a microcosm of

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Speaker 1: the meme and how it spreads. Okay, so if you

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Speaker 1: look at classic about like applause in a in a

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Speaker 1: given environment, say it show yeah. Yeah. In fact, it's

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Speaker 1: looked at as as a sort of virus spreading out

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Speaker 1: throughout the audience. There's a paper published recently called the

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Speaker 1: Dynamics of Audience Applause and it's in the Journal of

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Speaker 1: Royal Society Interface, and the lead author, Dr Richard Mann

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Speaker 1: from the University of Upsala said, you can get quite

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Speaker 1: different lengths of applause even if you have the same

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Speaker 1: quality of performance. This is purely coming from the dynamics

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Speaker 1: of the people in the crowd. So in other words,

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Speaker 1: it's not like how great the performance was, it's how

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Speaker 1: the meme of the applause is spreading throughout that audience.

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Speaker 1: I imagine performance artists that are listening to this program,

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Speaker 1: be they a musician or a wrestler or what happen

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Speaker 1: you UM, or an actor, they can probably tell you, oh, well,

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Speaker 1: that's obviously the case because because if you go out

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Speaker 1: there and let's say you're your solo is just as

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Speaker 1: excellent on this night as it was the night before.

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Speaker 1: But it's a different crowd, it's a different town, and

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Speaker 1: sometimes the crowd is just not going to have that dynamic.

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Speaker 1: They're not gonna eat it up and uh and there's

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Speaker 1: maybe a lot more to that than just you know,

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Speaker 1: it being a sleepy small town versus a big city.

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Speaker 1: This is why you have to plant clappers in the audience.

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Speaker 1: If you if you wanted to have a big, resounding,

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Speaker 1: robust applause, you know, five minute plus, you would have

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Speaker 1: to have people who would be sporadically spread out UM.

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Speaker 1: And the reason is because the researchers found that that

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Speaker 1: that behavior, that tapering off of volume happens because people

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Speaker 1: begin to not participate and then that non pretipation sort

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Speaker 1: of give license um or that that lack of volume

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Speaker 1: to those other people that say, okay, so I'm much

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Speaker 1: anymore just sort of like how you said, like after

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Speaker 1: ten claps, you're kind of like kind of done here. Yeah. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: And it was interesting too. Then in this study that

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Speaker 1: they point out that it doesn't take that many people

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Speaker 1: starting the applause or stopping it to to affect the

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Speaker 1: overall volume. Yeah, something a couple of people, right, So

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Speaker 1: you have a couple of people start it. Let's say

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Speaker 1: you have people engage in it, two people drop off,

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Speaker 1: and then boom, your applause begins to to go on

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Speaker 1: the downward curve fare. It can be uh like the

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Speaker 1: one of the more like to two examples of this

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Speaker 1: something where you did not like the performance, say like

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Speaker 1: it seems like I've encountered this before. If it's you're

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Speaker 1: going to something where they're various performers, uh and and

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Speaker 1: maybe you're not really there to see if it see

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Speaker 1: the one that you just perform um and uh, and

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Speaker 1: you're there's something in me that I'll be stubborn. I'll

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Speaker 1: be like, well, I'm not going to applot that that

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Speaker 1: was horrible, but then everyone else is applotting, and it's

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Speaker 1: and it takes a real to it's a real test

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Speaker 1: of will to not fall in and clap like I

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Speaker 1: generally up at least doing my silent clap, just so

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Speaker 1: I don't look like a jerk, right, And you feel

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Speaker 1: kind of like a jerk on the inside, right because

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Speaker 1: it's the silent or you feel like I will not

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Speaker 1: give you that volume. I'll look like it, but I'm

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Speaker 1: not giving it to you. And another thing that comes

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Speaker 1: to mind is, um, if you've ever been to a

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Speaker 1: play and you don't realize that it's family night, so

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Speaker 1: it's the family members and friends of the performing I

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Speaker 1: went to, uh, we went to a play years ago

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Speaker 1: and it was the same case. The performance itself was um,

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Speaker 1: you know, heartfelt that the performers were really into it,

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Speaker 1: they were really believed in their product, but it was

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Speaker 1: very rough around the edges and and ultimately just kind

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Speaker 1: of weird and boring. The music was great, but at

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Speaker 1: the end of it was there was a standing ovation

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Speaker 1: from everyone around us, and and I kind of felt

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Speaker 1: like I was going insane for a second because I

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Speaker 1: was like, why is everyone loving this so much? Did

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Speaker 1: we see the same play? Uh? You know? That? Is it?

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Speaker 1: Is there some sort of weird generational divide here? And

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Speaker 1: I begin to one, is this what it feels like

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Speaker 1: to have like some sort of dementia where the world

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Speaker 1: is responding in a certain way to stimuli and you

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Speaker 1: are not having the same response. But it's it turns

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Speaker 1: out it's just all of those people given the standing.

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Speaker 1: Oh they were there because their friends or and or

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Speaker 1: family were involved in the production. I love that. I

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Speaker 1: love that You're like this is this is a possible

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Speaker 1: alternate reality that you're experiencing and could be like dementia

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Speaker 1: because again, again it comes down to the pressure, the

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Speaker 1: social pressure of the applause, where if the applause is

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Speaker 1: that strong for something, it's like, if there's something wrong

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Speaker 1: with me that they're not fitting in with this? Why

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Speaker 1: am I not having the same response? Another awkward kind

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Speaker 1: of applause moment, I think is office applause because you're

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Speaker 1: in a meeting someone does something great. Of course you

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Speaker 1: want to acknowledge it, but then you feel like you

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Speaker 1: can't not acknowledgement that you know, could you could? You?

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Speaker 1: I guess you could not just sit there and fold

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Speaker 1: your arms. We don't do that here though. We're pretty

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Speaker 1: unsupported bunch for the most part. Yeah, pretty much. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: every once a while, like once every two years, so

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Speaker 1: there's a cloppicking going on. Let's take a quick break

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Speaker 1: and when we get back we will talk about how

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Speaker 1: clapping in neurons are related. Wow, that was an inspired

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Speaker 1: performance there. That that that was pretty awesome. Oh yeah,

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Speaker 1: we had that person come in to do that. Yeah, ye,

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Speaker 1: share was great. Ah. Well, um, if you're just joining us, uh.

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Speaker 1: And I'm not sure how you're doing that since someone

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Speaker 1: listened to the first half of this podcast for you,

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Speaker 1: but we are talking about applause, we're talking about clapping,

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Speaker 1: and we're talking about all the stuff that you really

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Speaker 1: going going on under the surface, both the psychologically, uh,

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Speaker 1: socially and uh and indeed from a neuroscientific standpoint. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: And I wanted to mention that that um, that study

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Speaker 1: about clapping. It was from a team of mathematicians and

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Speaker 1: biologists from Sweden and Germany, and one of the things

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Speaker 1: they graphed were the times at which people started stop clapping,

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Speaker 1: and they found that that graph had a sick mortal

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Speaker 1: curve like graphs of people getting infected and then recovering

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Speaker 1: from a disease. So I thought that was interesting. Again,

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Speaker 1: this idea that it's a social contagion. Wow, that it

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Speaker 1: virally affects you, then you're you're in the throes of

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Speaker 1: it for a little bit, and then gradually you recover.

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Speaker 1: It's like, all right, I'm not clapping anymore. I think

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Speaker 1: I'm fine. I'm fine. Yeah, I've recovered from this. Yeah. Um.

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Speaker 1: I also thought it was interesting that your neurons they

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Speaker 1: actually act like a clapping audience. And it turns out

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Speaker 1: that your brain that's ability to adapt to circumstances in

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Speaker 1: this rapid fire progression of neurons. Um it is all

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Speaker 1: related to that. Because let's say you detect an object,

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Speaker 1: let's say like a baseball hurtling towards your head um

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Speaker 1: you have to size up the dimensions of it and

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Speaker 1: its relationship to your body, and then in a split second,

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Speaker 1: you're sort of switching between all this sensorial data and

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Speaker 1: you're making a decision whether or not to move your

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Speaker 1: head away from the ball or catch it. And there

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Speaker 1: is an associate professor in the Wallace h Culture Department

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Speaker 1: of Biomedical Engineering his name is Garrett Stanley. He says,

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Speaker 1: there's a switching of the circuit to a different function.

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Speaker 1: The same neurons do two things and switch quickly in

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Speaker 1: a matter of seconds or milliseconds. Though a change in

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Speaker 1: the synchronization across neurons occurs. And he says, if you

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Speaker 1: think of the neurons firing like members of an audience

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Speaker 1: with their clapping hands, then the sound up clapping becomes

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Speaker 1: louder when they all clapped together. So it kind of

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Speaker 1: makes sense that you have that immediacy like move your

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Speaker 1: head or catch that ball. It's sort of like that

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Speaker 1: the crescendo of the clapping of the neurons saying come on,

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Speaker 1: give attention to this. Now. Another cool study that that

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Speaker 1: we found one from a researcher at Ben Garon University

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Speaker 1: of the Negev and I conducted the first study of

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Speaker 1: hand clapping songs and it revealed a distinct link between

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Speaker 1: these activities and the development of important skills and children,

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Speaker 1: any young adults, including university students, which was really fascinating

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Speaker 1: because they're they're studying, uh, obviously their social ramifications for

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Speaker 1: clapping games. You get kids clapping together. We've talked about

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Speaker 1: this too. With music. You know, people come together in

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Speaker 1: song and you're essentially firing up your neurons in in unison,

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Speaker 1: you're sharing in this activity, uh, this viral activity, if

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Speaker 1: you will, and uh, and it strengthens the bonds between you.

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Speaker 1: So obviously if you're playing uh patty Cake, patty Cake

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Speaker 1: Baker's Man, Yeah, you know that kind of thing, then

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Speaker 1: it's there's a lot of social activity. You're you're clapp

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Speaker 1: you're moving to in unison, there's actual physical touch involved.

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Speaker 1: It's uh. So it's a no brainer in that regard

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Speaker 1: that it would help socially, but as it turns out,

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Speaker 1: there's also there's also an impact on learning as well. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: One of the reasons why they wanted to look at

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Speaker 1: this with kids elementary ages that they found that they

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Speaker 1: really like to engage in clapping activities and clapping songs

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Speaker 1: at age six, but then they drop off at age ten.

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Speaker 1: And so what they figured out is that those kids

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Speaker 1: when they engage them and say, like boards sanctioned educational music,

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Speaker 1: like one group just in song and another group um

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Speaker 1: with hand clappings songs, they found that those kids, over

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Speaker 1: like a ten week period, they were able to catch

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Speaker 1: up in their cognitive abilities those clapping kids as opposed

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Speaker 1: to the non clapping kids. So it points to this

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Speaker 1: idea that kids may gravitate to it naturally because it's

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Speaker 1: integral to motor and cognitive training at those ages. And

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Speaker 1: then they also found that it's good for adults as well.

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Speaker 1: And part of this they point out as of course nostalgia.

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Speaker 1: If you if you played these games when you're younger,

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Speaker 1: then there's a warming effect to play them now. But

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Speaker 1: but in this questionnaires that they sent out, they found

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Speaker 1: that the adult students who took part in clapping games,

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Speaker 1: they became more focused and less tense. Um, So the

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Speaker 1: next time you're feeling of its stressed, Uh, maybe you

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Speaker 1: just need to have some patty Cake in your life.

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Speaker 1: Mandatory patty cake time. So you're sitting at your desk,

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Speaker 1: you're working on something, you're under deadline, you're totally stressed out,

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Speaker 1: Start clapping, yeah, or hand boning or some sort of

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Speaker 1: you know, just hitting the thighs or something that might work. Um.

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Speaker 1: I was trying to think of a bunch of clapping

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Speaker 1: songs when I read this, and the only ones that

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Speaker 1: came to mind were patty Cake, some church songs, but

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Speaker 1: I can't remember any of them, but I know there

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Speaker 1: are church songs that have clapping in them, and then

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Speaker 1: of course we will rock you, but that's more of

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Speaker 1: But certainly you get a whole you know, auditorium doing

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Speaker 1: that at once. Then it's pretty spectacular. I was going

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Speaker 1: to say, because you were synchronizing your entire body to this,

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Speaker 1: your brain and all of your limbs, and feeling like

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Speaker 1: you are now invested in something completely outside of yourself.

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Speaker 1: But she kind of gives you that big, warm, fuzzy

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Speaker 1: feeling towards humanity, or at least towards queen exactly exactly, well,

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Speaker 1: should we slow clap ourselves out of this episode? I guess.

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Speaker 1: So you have the slow clap we didn't really get into,

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Speaker 1: but that, of course is the sarcastic clap. And the

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Speaker 1: thing about that the slow clap, though, of course, is

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Speaker 1: that sometimes you see the see a scene in a

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Speaker 1: movie where the slow clap is like that, the first

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Speaker 1: individual to clap is that person who stands up and

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Speaker 1: just like the really heartfelt clapping slow that builds to

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Speaker 1: everyone else applauding. So well, I think those are in

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Speaker 1: in the films that it's like Mr Holland's opus. Yes,

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Speaker 1: you know, it's sort of like emotionally charged, like here's

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Speaker 1: the grand moment that's been realized. Yeah, whereas the other

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Speaker 1: slow cap is kind of like the an agat the

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Speaker 1: Christie parlor room mystery. We're like, oh, you've figured it

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Speaker 1: out to have you bravo? All right, Well, well you

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Speaker 1: know we'll let you. We'll give you a moment here

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Speaker 1: in just a second to to applaud us for another podcast. UM.

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Speaker 1: Hopefully well done, um or slow applaud us. If you

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Speaker 1: found this not all that helpful, but we think it's

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Speaker 1: pretty interesting and certainly Uh. You know, some of the

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Speaker 1: most mind blowing stuff is when you take something every day,

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Speaker 1: something you just completely take for granted, and you get

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Speaker 1: to to really dive down into the depths beneath it.

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Speaker 1: So you out there, if you have any tidbits you'd

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Speaker 1: like to share based on this information about clapping, we

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Speaker 1: would love to hear from you. Um, what's the weirdest

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Speaker 1: clapping or applause situation you've encountered? So what's the most awkward? Uh?

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Speaker 1: We always love stories like that. Uh. And you can

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Speaker 1: get in touch with a number of ways. You can

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Speaker 1: go to our Mothership, Stuff of Goal, Your Mind dot com.

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Speaker 1: You can go to Facebook or Twitter. We're on both

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Speaker 1: of those. On Twitter we're blow the Mind. We're also

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