1 00:00:00,800 --> 00:00:04,040 Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bloomberg Markets Podcast. I'm Paul Sweeney alongside 2 00:00:04,040 --> 00:00:06,920 Speaker 1: my co host Matt Miller. Every business day we bring 3 00:00:06,960 --> 00:00:11,520 Speaker 1: you interviews from CEOs, market pros, and Bloomberg experts, along 4 00:00:11,520 --> 00:00:15,600 Speaker 1: with essential market moving news. Find the Bloomberg Markets Podcast 5 00:00:15,600 --> 00:00:18,439 Speaker 1: on Apple Podcasts or wherever you listen to podcasts, and 6 00:00:18,480 --> 00:00:23,160 Speaker 1: at Bloomberg dot com slash podcast. Matt, this next next 7 00:00:23,160 --> 00:00:26,600 Speaker 1: segment is right down your alley. We're talking bitcoin. As 8 00:00:26,600 --> 00:00:30,080 Speaker 1: I look at my Bloomberg terminal here, XPTU top one 9 00:00:30,120 --> 00:00:34,120 Speaker 1: percent today to thousand, call it one seventy five dollars 10 00:00:34,200 --> 00:00:37,800 Speaker 1: for the coin. Let's introduce some safe He's the founder 11 00:00:37,840 --> 00:00:41,120 Speaker 1: and CEO of Purpose Investments. They're based in Toronto, Canada. 12 00:00:41,560 --> 00:00:43,159 Speaker 1: So thanks so much for joining us. I want to 13 00:00:43,200 --> 00:00:46,400 Speaker 1: talk to you about your Purpose Bitcoin e t F. 14 00:00:46,440 --> 00:00:50,519 Speaker 1: It's the world's first bitcoin ETF backed by physically settled bitcoin, 15 00:00:50,880 --> 00:00:53,800 Speaker 1: and it just crossed one billion dollars in assets under 16 00:00:53,840 --> 00:00:57,680 Speaker 1: management on this one month anniversary. Talk to us about 17 00:00:57,680 --> 00:01:01,360 Speaker 1: how the last month is gone for you guys. Thanks guys. 18 00:01:01,400 --> 00:01:04,479 Speaker 1: That yeah, no, it's been quite exciting. UM, I mean 19 00:01:04,480 --> 00:01:07,200 Speaker 1: we knew it was gonna be UM an interesting product 20 00:01:07,240 --> 00:01:09,240 Speaker 1: to get out the marketplace, being the first of its 21 00:01:09,280 --> 00:01:11,600 Speaker 1: kind in the world. And you know, I I've been 22 00:01:11,680 --> 00:01:15,600 Speaker 1: quite amazed by the one of course, the global interest 23 00:01:15,680 --> 00:01:19,559 Speaker 1: in in the product, but also just the continuous focus 24 00:01:19,680 --> 00:01:23,680 Speaker 1: on its uniqueness. UM. And you know, I think we're 25 00:01:23,680 --> 00:01:26,160 Speaker 1: we're we've been, you know, pleasantly surprised by by such 26 00:01:26,160 --> 00:01:28,360 Speaker 1: an amazing on point and the continuation of it, I mean, 27 00:01:28,440 --> 00:01:31,000 Speaker 1: across the billion dollars and you know, ironically on this 28 00:01:31,200 --> 00:01:34,440 Speaker 1: one month anniversary uh and uh. And then of course 29 00:01:34,480 --> 00:01:37,800 Speaker 1: we've seen just really rapid continued interest in the asset. 30 00:01:37,840 --> 00:01:41,440 Speaker 1: And you know, look, I think innovation always wins in 31 00:01:41,480 --> 00:01:44,160 Speaker 1: the long run, and I think that's what this ultimately proves. 32 00:01:44,520 --> 00:01:46,759 Speaker 1: So some lift up the hood for us and tell 33 00:01:46,880 --> 00:01:50,600 Speaker 1: us how this works mechanically. How do you trade, for example, 34 00:01:50,640 --> 00:01:54,320 Speaker 1: your bitcoin for the fund? So yeah, I know, it's 35 00:01:54,360 --> 00:01:57,120 Speaker 1: look at it's actually really important. You know what sounds 36 00:01:57,160 --> 00:01:59,080 Speaker 1: like a simple question, but it's it's not. As you know, 37 00:01:59,760 --> 00:02:04,520 Speaker 1: the bitcoin asset, digital assets in general trade uh in 38 00:02:04,600 --> 00:02:06,880 Speaker 1: real time and settle in real time, so they are 39 00:02:06,920 --> 00:02:10,720 Speaker 1: instantaneous settlement. Then, of course, the traditional securities market trades 40 00:02:11,000 --> 00:02:12,880 Speaker 1: um with a T plus mon or T plus two 41 00:02:12,880 --> 00:02:15,440 Speaker 1: please so te plus three. So bridging that gap was 42 00:02:15,440 --> 00:02:16,960 Speaker 1: an important thing. So what we do is, we of 43 00:02:16,960 --> 00:02:20,280 Speaker 1: course have the market makers uh and the you know 44 00:02:20,360 --> 00:02:22,400 Speaker 1: call it the A p s that are basically market 45 00:02:22,440 --> 00:02:24,440 Speaker 1: making the e t F all throughout the day. They're 46 00:02:24,480 --> 00:02:27,919 Speaker 1: accumulating the interests and demand. And then what we do 47 00:02:28,280 --> 00:02:30,760 Speaker 1: is we work with them on you know, when they 48 00:02:30,800 --> 00:02:33,520 Speaker 1: have creations or we haven't had redemptions yet, but if 49 00:02:33,560 --> 00:02:36,919 Speaker 1: we have redemptions, we are ultimately able to execute the 50 00:02:36,960 --> 00:02:40,840 Speaker 1: bitcoin in real time UM with them, with them and 51 00:02:41,120 --> 00:02:43,600 Speaker 1: our specific traders. So we work with some of the 52 00:02:43,639 --> 00:02:47,840 Speaker 1: best institutional traders in the over the counter market of bitcoin, uh, 53 00:02:47,880 --> 00:02:51,079 Speaker 1: you know, and executing in the best execution prices we 54 00:02:51,080 --> 00:02:54,640 Speaker 1: can get. UM. So I'm talk to me about who 55 00:02:54,840 --> 00:02:56,840 Speaker 1: is investing in your e t F. I've be interested 56 00:02:56,919 --> 00:03:02,080 Speaker 1: here kind of the mix between retail and maybe institutional. Yeah, 57 00:03:02,360 --> 00:03:05,000 Speaker 1: we look, we've seen a really strong kind of balanced. 58 00:03:05,040 --> 00:03:08,919 Speaker 1: Of course, retail UM continuously is looking for unique ways 59 00:03:08,960 --> 00:03:11,120 Speaker 1: to buy this asset, I mean efficient ways, and this 60 00:03:11,200 --> 00:03:14,160 Speaker 1: is the first of its kind in that way. But 61 00:03:14,160 --> 00:03:18,160 Speaker 1: but we've also seen some really good both active trading 62 00:03:18,200 --> 00:03:22,640 Speaker 1: institutions plus UM long term fundamental investors coming to the 63 00:03:22,800 --> 00:03:25,239 Speaker 1: to the vehicle as well. So you know, we've had 64 00:03:25,480 --> 00:03:28,680 Speaker 1: a number of institutions that had been looking for an 65 00:03:28,680 --> 00:03:31,240 Speaker 1: easy way to buy you know, bitcoin, but had been 66 00:03:31,280 --> 00:03:33,560 Speaker 1: struggling because you know, they either had to go up 67 00:03:33,560 --> 00:03:36,320 Speaker 1: and set up their own institutional costody accounts with let's g. 68 00:03:36,720 --> 00:03:39,240 Speaker 1: Gemini or other um, or they have to go buy 69 00:03:39,240 --> 00:03:41,760 Speaker 1: one of the clothes in tons like a GBPC and 70 00:03:41,880 --> 00:03:44,120 Speaker 1: you know, effectively have found this as a more efficient 71 00:03:44,120 --> 00:03:45,880 Speaker 1: way to do so. So we're seeing that now trick 72 00:03:46,000 --> 00:03:48,040 Speaker 1: in and that's actually been one of the big legs 73 00:03:48,120 --> 00:03:50,640 Speaker 1: up in the last couple of weeks, and I think 74 00:03:50,640 --> 00:03:53,520 Speaker 1: we'll see that more specifically with some of the larger 75 00:03:53,560 --> 00:03:56,720 Speaker 1: fundamental investors institutional investors UM in the next couple of 76 00:03:56,800 --> 00:03:59,080 Speaker 1: months as well. So we anticipate, you know, pretty strong 77 00:03:59,120 --> 00:04:02,280 Speaker 1: demand from the fundament investors coming into bitcoin through a 78 00:04:02,360 --> 00:04:05,400 Speaker 1: vehicle like this. How does the regulation work? I mean 79 00:04:05,400 --> 00:04:08,440 Speaker 1: there are some very large countries that have not yet 80 00:04:08,480 --> 00:04:11,920 Speaker 1: approved a bitcoin e t F. So um, are are 81 00:04:11,960 --> 00:04:17,080 Speaker 1: all investors welcomed? You have to somehow police that? Yeah? No, 82 00:04:17,640 --> 00:04:20,560 Speaker 1: I mean look, I mean it's a publicly listed vehicle, 83 00:04:20,760 --> 00:04:24,080 Speaker 1: so any investor with a brokerage accounts and who has 84 00:04:24,120 --> 00:04:28,040 Speaker 1: access to the securities market can basically buy it um. 85 00:04:28,080 --> 00:04:30,560 Speaker 1: You know, look at the regulators, you know, have been 86 00:04:30,600 --> 00:04:33,520 Speaker 1: going through their own decisions on this asset for the 87 00:04:33,560 --> 00:04:34,880 Speaker 1: last number of years. And if you go back to 88 00:04:35,960 --> 00:04:39,080 Speaker 1: times when we had a number of filings come to 89 00:04:39,160 --> 00:04:42,120 Speaker 1: market in the US and Canada and globally, the regulators 90 00:04:42,160 --> 00:04:45,000 Speaker 1: at that time had two concerns. The first one, of course, 91 00:04:45,400 --> 00:04:47,359 Speaker 1: you know, was this an asset that we you know, 92 00:04:47,440 --> 00:04:50,640 Speaker 1: believe is legitimate and should you know, be accessible by 93 00:04:50,880 --> 00:04:53,640 Speaker 1: the broad investor base. And then too was is the 94 00:04:53,680 --> 00:04:56,760 Speaker 1: infrastructure there to enable a daily liquid and trading vehicle 95 00:04:56,839 --> 00:05:01,040 Speaker 1: like this. I think, you know, back in eighteen they 96 00:05:01,040 --> 00:05:04,200 Speaker 1: were right to have concerns about the latter concern, which is, 97 00:05:04,240 --> 00:05:06,159 Speaker 1: you know, the infrastructure. It just wasn't there. And I 98 00:05:06,200 --> 00:05:08,240 Speaker 1: think if they had said yes at that point, it 99 00:05:08,279 --> 00:05:10,880 Speaker 1: would have been a disaster in many ways. But but 100 00:05:10,920 --> 00:05:13,000 Speaker 1: a law has changed in the last number of years 101 00:05:13,000 --> 00:05:17,360 Speaker 1: around the infrastructure. So we now have institutional grade UM custodians. 102 00:05:17,400 --> 00:05:19,640 Speaker 1: We have you know, institutional trading in the futures market. 103 00:05:19,680 --> 00:05:21,880 Speaker 1: We have you know, broker dealers who actually have direct 104 00:05:21,880 --> 00:05:24,040 Speaker 1: linkages to the asset could trade it in real time 105 00:05:24,360 --> 00:05:26,240 Speaker 1: and settle in real time with the custodian, So all 106 00:05:26,279 --> 00:05:29,240 Speaker 1: this stuff was really changed. It created a very unique 107 00:05:29,240 --> 00:05:32,680 Speaker 1: ability to trade. I think the first question though, of 108 00:05:32,920 --> 00:05:35,640 Speaker 1: was this an asset that they regulators wanted to have 109 00:05:35,960 --> 00:05:38,520 Speaker 1: um you know, investors have brought access to that has 110 00:05:38,560 --> 00:05:42,320 Speaker 1: also been going through a really important discussion, and I 111 00:05:42,320 --> 00:05:45,320 Speaker 1: think in Canada the regulators felt comfortable that it was 112 00:05:45,360 --> 00:05:47,560 Speaker 1: the time that institutions and investors were going to want 113 00:05:47,600 --> 00:05:49,200 Speaker 1: to have access to this, and they're gonna get it 114 00:05:49,520 --> 00:05:51,880 Speaker 1: even if it was an unregulated way. And I felt, well, 115 00:05:51,920 --> 00:05:54,880 Speaker 1: why not make it regulated way? All right? So I'm 116 00:05:54,920 --> 00:05:57,920 Speaker 1: great having you on. Fascinating to see this kind of 117 00:05:58,120 --> 00:06:01,240 Speaker 1: development in the industry. See if they're from the purpose 118 00:06:01,320 --> 00:06:06,560 Speaker 1: bitcoin e t F. Let's bring in right now. Bloomberg 119 00:06:06,640 --> 00:06:09,280 Speaker 1: opinion columnist Joe No Sarah. It takes a lot to 120 00:06:09,320 --> 00:06:12,000 Speaker 1: get your own NI code on the Bloomberg terminal, but 121 00:06:12,120 --> 00:06:15,800 Speaker 1: Joe has one that should tell you how important we 122 00:06:15,920 --> 00:06:19,520 Speaker 1: consider his opinion. Joe, you're talking about union saying they 123 00:06:19,560 --> 00:06:22,280 Speaker 1: are back in favor and they need to seize the 124 00:06:22,520 --> 00:06:30,960 Speaker 1: moment um. Is this about making America great again? I 125 00:06:31,120 --> 00:06:33,680 Speaker 1: knew you. I they warned me that you guys are 126 00:06:33,720 --> 00:06:38,400 Speaker 1: gonna beat me up. So so let's let's let's know 127 00:06:39,080 --> 00:06:44,440 Speaker 1: it's about it's about trying to reduce income inequality, and 128 00:06:44,560 --> 00:06:47,840 Speaker 1: it's and it's also trying to to understand, you know, 129 00:06:47,960 --> 00:06:51,640 Speaker 1: why workers have had so little leverage in terms of 130 00:06:52,040 --> 00:06:56,760 Speaker 1: UH waves growth UM over the last you know, quarter century. 131 00:06:57,760 --> 00:07:00,240 Speaker 1: Al Right, so income inequality is a bad thing. We 132 00:07:00,360 --> 00:07:03,920 Speaker 1: want to try and alleviate that, and wage growth is 133 00:07:03,960 --> 00:07:06,560 Speaker 1: something that we all want to see. But you point 134 00:07:06,600 --> 00:07:10,880 Speaker 1: out that um, private sector workers should emulate the public 135 00:07:10,960 --> 00:07:13,880 Speaker 1: sector when it comes to organized labor, and I just 136 00:07:14,080 --> 00:07:16,920 Speaker 1: wonder why the public sector workers should be a model 137 00:07:17,880 --> 00:07:20,320 Speaker 1: that is not what it says. It's said the only 138 00:07:20,440 --> 00:07:22,920 Speaker 1: the only way that it should replicate the public sector 139 00:07:23,520 --> 00:07:27,800 Speaker 1: is increasing their numbers. I mean, the public of public 140 00:07:27,880 --> 00:07:30,760 Speaker 1: sector workers are unionized and six point eight six point 141 00:07:30,840 --> 00:07:34,240 Speaker 1: three percent of private sector union workers are unionized. And 142 00:07:34,320 --> 00:07:36,720 Speaker 1: and the only point I was making about the comparisons 143 00:07:36,760 --> 00:07:39,360 Speaker 1: tocluding public and private is that we'd like to see 144 00:07:39,440 --> 00:07:44,400 Speaker 1: the private sector get HI are closer to But why, 145 00:07:44,680 --> 00:07:46,960 Speaker 1: I'm wondering why, because the public sector doesn't seem like 146 00:07:47,000 --> 00:07:53,960 Speaker 1: a great example it's a number. It's a number. It's like, 147 00:07:54,440 --> 00:07:57,720 Speaker 1: you know, I'm not crazy about public sector unions either, 148 00:07:57,760 --> 00:08:01,320 Speaker 1: although you know they've done they've done okay in terms 149 00:08:01,360 --> 00:08:04,760 Speaker 1: of way waves growth. But um, you know, the teachers union. 150 00:08:04,800 --> 00:08:06,640 Speaker 1: As you read my column, I've been I have been 151 00:08:06,680 --> 00:08:09,920 Speaker 1: the highly highly critical of the teachers union's unwillingness to 152 00:08:10,040 --> 00:08:13,280 Speaker 1: go back to school, even though schools are are probably 153 00:08:13,320 --> 00:08:16,080 Speaker 1: the safest place because you can be in this pandemic. No, 154 00:08:16,360 --> 00:08:18,760 Speaker 1: it's not that at all. And and and if you 155 00:08:18,800 --> 00:08:22,280 Speaker 1: get sidetracked on that, it's sort of yeah, you're missing 156 00:08:22,320 --> 00:08:26,760 Speaker 1: the point. The point is that you know, Amazon workers, UH, 157 00:08:27,800 --> 00:08:33,880 Speaker 1: Walmart workers, McDonald's workers, I mean, people who make craft money. 158 00:08:34,760 --> 00:08:38,280 Speaker 1: You know, the only way they're going to do better 159 00:08:39,160 --> 00:08:42,640 Speaker 1: is through union, period, end of story. And and the 160 00:08:43,960 --> 00:08:48,000 Speaker 1: the history of American labor since the nine forty absolutely 161 00:08:48,160 --> 00:08:53,000 Speaker 1: proves that. Um, when when unions were strong, we had 162 00:08:53,040 --> 00:08:57,200 Speaker 1: a we had a vibrant middle blue collar middle class. 163 00:08:58,200 --> 00:09:04,400 Speaker 1: And as UH unions have faded, that vibrancy has has 164 00:09:04,440 --> 00:09:09,599 Speaker 1: faded as well. So Joe. Again, the labor narrative in 165 00:09:09,679 --> 00:09:11,600 Speaker 1: my lifetime has been as you just stay a kind 166 00:09:11,600 --> 00:09:15,600 Speaker 1: of the the the steady decline of unionization in this country. 167 00:09:15,920 --> 00:09:18,520 Speaker 1: We now have a democratic White House, we now have 168 00:09:19,080 --> 00:09:22,680 Speaker 1: democratic Congress. I'll be at a very very slightest of margins. 169 00:09:23,280 --> 00:09:26,760 Speaker 1: Is this the time for something at the federal levels, 170 00:09:26,800 --> 00:09:32,640 Speaker 1: some legislation to be passed to kind of spur all unionization. Well, 171 00:09:32,720 --> 00:09:36,400 Speaker 1: the House has actually passed such a bill, um of course, 172 00:09:36,480 --> 00:09:39,480 Speaker 1: on the party line, and it's basically a bill that 173 00:09:39,960 --> 00:09:46,240 Speaker 1: tries to uh give union organizers or workers trying to 174 00:09:46,400 --> 00:09:51,040 Speaker 1: organize inside like an Amazon warehouse, um a better shot. 175 00:09:51,280 --> 00:09:54,120 Speaker 1: Not you know, just try to make the planing field 176 00:09:54,120 --> 00:09:56,880 Speaker 1: a little more even the obvious it's obvious that you 177 00:09:56,960 --> 00:09:58,880 Speaker 1: can't pass a bill like that in the Senate as 178 00:09:58,960 --> 00:10:01,200 Speaker 1: long as you have to sell a bu uh. There's 179 00:10:01,240 --> 00:10:04,280 Speaker 1: a lot of legislation that could pass the House and 180 00:10:04,400 --> 00:10:06,480 Speaker 1: camp pass the Senate was that without getting rid of 181 00:10:06,520 --> 00:10:08,880 Speaker 1: the filibuster. And the question is, you know, are the 182 00:10:09,000 --> 00:10:11,440 Speaker 1: Democrats ultimately willing to give up the sale of buster 183 00:10:11,520 --> 00:10:14,240 Speaker 1: at the moment. The answer is no. And so you know, 184 00:10:14,920 --> 00:10:17,240 Speaker 1: President Biden can do what he can in terms of 185 00:10:17,360 --> 00:10:21,160 Speaker 1: jaw boning, which he has done uh visa visa the 186 00:10:21,200 --> 00:10:26,800 Speaker 1: Amazon uh effort in Alabama. But really he can't do 187 00:10:26,960 --> 00:10:30,880 Speaker 1: more than that as long as the filibuster exists. Now 188 00:10:31,120 --> 00:10:33,280 Speaker 1: we could have a whole show on the filibuster. I 189 00:10:33,320 --> 00:10:35,679 Speaker 1: would love to have you on to talk about that. 190 00:10:35,840 --> 00:10:38,120 Speaker 1: I think the Democrats would really regret giving it up 191 00:10:38,200 --> 00:10:41,719 Speaker 1: if they then lost the majority. But in terms of 192 00:10:42,160 --> 00:10:45,679 Speaker 1: UM labor, you know, my opinion doesn't matter, Joe, but 193 00:10:46,040 --> 00:10:48,680 Speaker 1: my heart goes out to these gig workers, especially uber 194 00:10:48,800 --> 00:10:54,480 Speaker 1: drivers UM and the like. California gave them a big 195 00:10:54,640 --> 00:10:58,719 Speaker 1: fat finger in November last year with Prop twenty two. 196 00:10:58,840 --> 00:11:03,400 Speaker 1: Why would have left leaning state vote against UM you know, 197 00:11:03,800 --> 00:11:07,679 Speaker 1: a better livelihood for people like that. Well, that's a 198 00:11:07,720 --> 00:11:12,559 Speaker 1: really good question. And and especially since um uh in 199 00:11:12,960 --> 00:11:18,000 Speaker 1: Europe somewhere they actually are, they are being considered employees 200 00:11:18,120 --> 00:11:22,080 Speaker 1: in all those ways. I mean, you know, there are 201 00:11:22,280 --> 00:11:25,520 Speaker 1: uber drivers who who like the state, the situation, the 202 00:11:25,559 --> 00:11:29,199 Speaker 1: way it is as a part time thing. And you know, America, 203 00:11:29,679 --> 00:11:34,559 Speaker 1: we don't do a good job of allowing people to 204 00:11:34,720 --> 00:11:40,439 Speaker 1: be a part time and still uh you know, get 205 00:11:40,559 --> 00:11:43,760 Speaker 1: benefits like health insurance. You know, it's either it's either 206 00:11:43,800 --> 00:11:45,920 Speaker 1: you're a full time employee, which a lot of these 207 00:11:45,960 --> 00:11:48,880 Speaker 1: super drivers don't want to do, or your part time 208 00:11:48,960 --> 00:11:52,280 Speaker 1: and you don't get anything. So, uh, you know, we 209 00:11:52,360 --> 00:11:54,640 Speaker 1: need some kind of system that's in between. I don't 210 00:11:54,720 --> 00:11:58,439 Speaker 1: know why the California thing didn't pass. Um. You know, 211 00:11:58,600 --> 00:12:01,720 Speaker 1: obviously Uber and Lift you know, pulled out all the stops, 212 00:12:02,160 --> 00:12:05,480 Speaker 1: which is which is not not a surprise. Um, but 213 00:12:05,559 --> 00:12:07,360 Speaker 1: you're right. It isn't let letely state and you would 214 00:12:07,360 --> 00:12:09,920 Speaker 1: have thought it it might have happened. Yeah, Matt. My 215 00:12:10,120 --> 00:12:13,280 Speaker 1: my take on that is, you know, people choose to 216 00:12:13,400 --> 00:12:15,520 Speaker 1: be gig workers, and you think about when the g 217 00:12:17,200 --> 00:12:21,599 Speaker 1: that it was that historically low unemployment rates. Okay, so 218 00:12:21,720 --> 00:12:24,040 Speaker 1: these are people that, for whatever reason, chose the gig 219 00:12:24,120 --> 00:12:27,199 Speaker 1: economy and that allows these business models to flourish to 220 00:12:27,280 --> 00:12:30,760 Speaker 1: the benefit of consumers. Airbnb, you, Uber, all those things. 221 00:12:30,840 --> 00:12:33,839 Speaker 1: So there's certainly that argument to be made. So, but 222 00:12:33,920 --> 00:12:35,800 Speaker 1: I think it's gonna come up again and again and 223 00:12:35,880 --> 00:12:39,120 Speaker 1: again because it is key to those companies. Modeled Joe. 224 00:12:39,200 --> 00:12:42,760 Speaker 1: Is there any reason to believe unionization rates will not 225 00:12:43,120 --> 00:12:48,559 Speaker 1: continue to decline in this country? Um? Yes, I do. 226 00:12:48,800 --> 00:12:52,960 Speaker 1: I do think that there's a decent possibility that they'll rise. 227 00:12:53,160 --> 00:12:55,800 Speaker 1: I mean, um, you know, you do have the Democrats 228 00:12:55,840 --> 00:12:59,200 Speaker 1: and you do have the President talking about Alabama. UM, 229 00:12:59,559 --> 00:13:03,000 Speaker 1: let's see what happens with this Alabama effort. And you know, 230 00:13:03,200 --> 00:13:05,960 Speaker 1: if if I were to passed, it would it would 231 00:13:06,040 --> 00:13:11,319 Speaker 1: spark a union union organizations all over Amazon shops and 232 00:13:11,440 --> 00:13:14,319 Speaker 1: probably started at Walmart as well. I don't think it's 233 00:13:14,800 --> 00:13:18,480 Speaker 1: I don't think it's UM. I don't think unions are 234 00:13:18,640 --> 00:13:22,040 Speaker 1: dead in this country, although they've been in decline for 235 00:13:22,080 --> 00:13:25,160 Speaker 1: a very long time. Joe, thanks so much for joining us. 236 00:13:25,200 --> 00:13:27,880 Speaker 1: Really appreciate it chatting with you. Your column is fascinating. 237 00:13:28,200 --> 00:13:31,080 Speaker 1: Jonah Sarah, calumnist for Bloomberg Opinion. You can meet Joe's 238 00:13:31,120 --> 00:13:33,240 Speaker 1: work and all the good work from our friends at 239 00:13:33,280 --> 00:13:37,679 Speaker 1: Bloomberg Opinion, at Bloomberg dot com, Slash Opinion, or by 240 00:13:37,760 --> 00:13:40,960 Speaker 1: typing in O P, I N go on the terminal. 241 00:13:43,679 --> 00:13:46,120 Speaker 1: Now I have a little bit of a mini vacation 242 00:13:46,200 --> 00:13:48,959 Speaker 1: this afternoon. Normally, I'm sure all of our listeners are 243 00:13:49,120 --> 00:13:52,440 Speaker 1: driving either home or to work in order to watch 244 00:13:52,559 --> 00:13:55,680 Speaker 1: my program on Bloomberg Television at one PM. But today 245 00:13:56,280 --> 00:14:01,160 Speaker 1: I will be supplanted by j Powell and Janet Yellen. 246 00:14:01,240 --> 00:14:04,400 Speaker 1: They'll be testifying in front of Congress and here to 247 00:14:04,920 --> 00:14:08,920 Speaker 1: help us UH gauge what to expect what to watch really, 248 00:14:08,960 --> 00:14:14,160 Speaker 1: Ben Emmons, Managing director of Global macro Strategy at Medley Advisors. Ben, 249 00:14:14,240 --> 00:14:16,400 Speaker 1: thanks for coming back on the program. What are you 250 00:14:16,520 --> 00:14:21,120 Speaker 1: going to be most focused on in today's hearing? Hey, 251 00:14:21,200 --> 00:14:24,360 Speaker 1: Matt's good. Good to be back on the show. Um. Yeah, 252 00:14:24,400 --> 00:14:26,880 Speaker 1: I do think I want to focus on what exactly 253 00:14:27,000 --> 00:14:29,560 Speaker 1: they see as the progress in the economy. Right, That 254 00:14:29,640 --> 00:14:31,920 Speaker 1: continues to be I think for the market the puzzle 255 00:14:32,000 --> 00:14:36,520 Speaker 1: to understand because as Ira Jersey earlier on your program 256 00:14:36,600 --> 00:14:39,240 Speaker 1: actually mentioned, right, we have tip bits on what they 257 00:14:39,280 --> 00:14:42,200 Speaker 1: expect about inflation and how long that could stay potential 258 00:14:42,280 --> 00:14:46,280 Speaker 1: of target, but the substantial progresses is something that I 259 00:14:46,360 --> 00:14:49,200 Speaker 1: think also Congress will ask you do you see that? 260 00:14:49,400 --> 00:14:51,320 Speaker 1: And how I know? And how far does that need 261 00:14:51,400 --> 00:14:54,320 Speaker 1: to be in order if you to then change your policy. 262 00:14:54,400 --> 00:14:56,520 Speaker 1: I think that would be the key focus today, in 263 00:14:56,600 --> 00:14:59,160 Speaker 1: addition to, of course the on a ployment picture, which 264 00:14:59,240 --> 00:15:01,960 Speaker 1: is which is key in that in that calculation. As 265 00:15:02,280 --> 00:15:04,960 Speaker 1: also Cappen said this morning, right, they want to hit 266 00:15:05,040 --> 00:15:08,600 Speaker 1: the benchmark on unemployment. Yeah, That's kind of where I 267 00:15:08,640 --> 00:15:10,160 Speaker 1: wanted to go, Ben, because so much of it the 268 00:15:10,320 --> 00:15:14,040 Speaker 1: U S economy is tied towards the consumer and getting 269 00:15:14,080 --> 00:15:17,800 Speaker 1: folks back to work here. Um, what do you think 270 00:15:17,920 --> 00:15:20,320 Speaker 1: the Fed and the and the Treasury, how do you 271 00:15:20,360 --> 00:15:24,320 Speaker 1: think they're thinking about the unemployment picture in the US. 272 00:15:24,440 --> 00:15:28,400 Speaker 1: Is it something that can be you know, fixed relatively 273 00:15:28,520 --> 00:15:31,040 Speaker 1: quickly post pandemic, or is this something that might be 274 00:15:31,080 --> 00:15:35,120 Speaker 1: a little bit more institutionalized. It's an interestant dynamic bol 275 00:15:35,120 --> 00:15:37,960 Speaker 1: because if if you think about when Yellen was having 276 00:15:38,080 --> 00:15:42,880 Speaker 1: her testimony, you know, beforecoming the Treasure secretary, she was 277 00:15:43,000 --> 00:15:45,360 Speaker 1: very convinced that the US would be back to full 278 00:15:45,400 --> 00:15:48,560 Speaker 1: employment by next year as the fetis taken, the more 279 00:15:48,840 --> 00:15:51,520 Speaker 1: I think someone more conservative stands there right there. The 280 00:15:51,800 --> 00:15:55,280 Speaker 1: Multi Policy Report outlined labor market disparity and goes in 281 00:15:55,320 --> 00:15:57,800 Speaker 1: all the details of that and shows that you know, 282 00:15:57,880 --> 00:16:00,040 Speaker 1: the significant slack it will take a while. So it 283 00:16:00,120 --> 00:16:02,080 Speaker 1: was a bit of a bit of a economy there 284 00:16:02,160 --> 00:16:05,760 Speaker 1: between the two in terms of dead view in Jelly Yellen, 285 00:16:06,000 --> 00:16:09,200 Speaker 1: Jennet Yellen being the labor economists, seems to be pretty 286 00:16:09,240 --> 00:16:12,600 Speaker 1: optimistic that this fiscal stimulus is powerful enough to get 287 00:16:12,880 --> 00:16:15,800 Speaker 1: everybody back into the labor force and at work. So 288 00:16:15,960 --> 00:16:18,480 Speaker 1: I think it is indeed a function of one and 289 00:16:18,560 --> 00:16:22,080 Speaker 1: institutional as function of you know, how you measure slack 290 00:16:22,160 --> 00:16:24,800 Speaker 1: and how you at then at some point would say yes, 291 00:16:24,880 --> 00:16:27,880 Speaker 1: we're back to full employment. But there's another answers the 292 00:16:27,960 --> 00:16:31,320 Speaker 1: function of very cyclical dynamic here and economy. That is 293 00:16:31,360 --> 00:16:34,800 Speaker 1: it STV opening doesn't get too much derailed and really 294 00:16:34,880 --> 00:16:37,720 Speaker 1: opens the fiscal stimus should do its work and people 295 00:16:37,800 --> 00:16:41,120 Speaker 1: get back get back into the libor force. Is this FED? 296 00:16:41,760 --> 00:16:44,560 Speaker 1: Does this FED look at um full employment different than 297 00:16:44,600 --> 00:16:47,280 Speaker 1: any other FED? I mean, are they more focused on 298 00:16:48,080 --> 00:16:51,960 Speaker 1: equality than another FED? Are they more focused on wages 299 00:16:52,040 --> 00:16:55,760 Speaker 1: than any other FED? I think there's a change that 300 00:16:55,960 --> 00:16:58,840 Speaker 1: meant in terms of the previous episodes when indeed the 301 00:16:59,160 --> 00:17:02,680 Speaker 1: wages were think imporn part of the narrative, and let's 302 00:17:02,680 --> 00:17:07,639 Speaker 1: say the period of into sixteen, there's determining policy today. 303 00:17:07,680 --> 00:17:12,080 Speaker 1: It's of course as broad inclusive labor force growth. Like 304 00:17:12,200 --> 00:17:14,080 Speaker 1: I said, we want to pull on as many people 305 00:17:14,320 --> 00:17:17,000 Speaker 1: in as we could possibly do, because I think they 306 00:17:17,040 --> 00:17:19,800 Speaker 1: have found out through all those sessions on the ground 307 00:17:19,880 --> 00:17:23,760 Speaker 1: that that listens uh series that they did that people 308 00:17:23,920 --> 00:17:27,320 Speaker 1: really emphasize like it's it is obviously really important to 309 00:17:27,359 --> 00:17:29,840 Speaker 1: have emprooyment and to get as many people back in 310 00:17:29,880 --> 00:17:34,080 Speaker 1: the labor force. So it's broad inclusive definition. Again referring 311 00:17:34,119 --> 00:17:36,480 Speaker 1: back to the mountt Policy Report. If you go in, 312 00:17:36,560 --> 00:17:38,639 Speaker 1: there as a good table on that that actually shows 313 00:17:39,200 --> 00:17:43,520 Speaker 1: how many people per type of jobs and Peru was 314 00:17:43,560 --> 00:17:48,120 Speaker 1: it um population in terms of the Hispanic or Black etcetera. 315 00:17:48,680 --> 00:17:51,080 Speaker 1: All these people, you know, are still on the sidelines. Right, 316 00:17:51,160 --> 00:17:54,320 Speaker 1: So I think this is the definition today, get a 317 00:17:54,359 --> 00:17:57,639 Speaker 1: broad inclusive recovery there and that will take sometimes too. 318 00:17:59,320 --> 00:18:02,480 Speaker 1: Then you in the background, still is the chatter about 319 00:18:02,520 --> 00:18:05,359 Speaker 1: the next round of fiscal stimulus. I think the number 320 00:18:05,359 --> 00:18:07,719 Speaker 1: that's being bandied about these days is maybe three trillion 321 00:18:07,760 --> 00:18:10,399 Speaker 1: dollars over some period of time, maybe ten years. How 322 00:18:10,440 --> 00:18:16,119 Speaker 1: important is that fiscal stimulus plan to your economic recovery outlook? 323 00:18:17,680 --> 00:18:20,040 Speaker 1: I think it's key bold because you know there's one 324 00:18:20,080 --> 00:18:23,000 Speaker 1: point nine trillion is a good effort in terms of 325 00:18:23,080 --> 00:18:26,160 Speaker 1: forgetting the initial cyclical boost here for the next quarter 326 00:18:26,240 --> 00:18:29,239 Speaker 1: to two quarters. But it is the more long term 327 00:18:29,320 --> 00:18:31,880 Speaker 1: investment in the economy that that is key to get 328 00:18:32,000 --> 00:18:35,520 Speaker 1: us really at a sustained track. Let's say back to 329 00:18:35,640 --> 00:18:38,320 Speaker 1: the trend that we had in eighteen at close to 330 00:18:38,480 --> 00:18:43,040 Speaker 1: three or higher m and and it's not factored in yet. 331 00:18:43,080 --> 00:18:45,639 Speaker 1: I think in many people's forecasts other than maybe some 332 00:18:45,760 --> 00:18:50,120 Speaker 1: outliers that see that party happening already this year. There's 333 00:18:50,119 --> 00:18:52,480 Speaker 1: a big political issue here too, of course, right this 334 00:18:52,560 --> 00:18:57,040 Speaker 1: infrastructure bill has more things included than just spending on infrastructure. 335 00:18:57,119 --> 00:19:00,600 Speaker 1: It's climate change, is inequality, it's those set of issues 336 00:19:00,640 --> 00:19:04,480 Speaker 1: that come along. So to get that food package proof 337 00:19:04,560 --> 00:19:07,400 Speaker 1: will not be that straightforward. But if it does happen, 338 00:19:07,640 --> 00:19:11,399 Speaker 1: it could significantly boost the potential output for the US 339 00:19:11,640 --> 00:19:14,879 Speaker 1: because I would think that would be significant investments in 340 00:19:15,000 --> 00:19:17,920 Speaker 1: infrastructure and the grid and everything else that we need. 341 00:19:18,160 --> 00:19:22,359 Speaker 1: So yeah, it's an important aspect of going forward. Hey, Ben, 342 00:19:22,440 --> 00:19:24,480 Speaker 1: thanks so much for joining us. As always, we always 343 00:19:24,480 --> 00:19:27,399 Speaker 1: appreciate getting your thoughts and perspective here. Again, as we 344 00:19:27,480 --> 00:19:30,840 Speaker 1: prepare for Janet Yellen and FED Chairman j Pal testifying 345 00:19:30,840 --> 00:19:33,280 Speaker 1: in front of Congress uh in just at the top 346 00:19:33,359 --> 00:19:35,359 Speaker 1: of the hour, maybe we will certainly bring that to you. 347 00:19:35,480 --> 00:19:39,080 Speaker 1: Ben Emmon's managing director, Global macro Strategy at Medley Advisors. 348 00:19:42,280 --> 00:19:44,520 Speaker 1: I want to bring in right now, Vince Signarella, our 349 00:19:44,560 --> 00:19:48,040 Speaker 1: global macro strategist at Bloomberg and on on Trini vass On, 350 00:19:48,080 --> 00:19:52,200 Speaker 1: the senior semiconductor and hardware analyst at Bloomberg Intelligence to 351 00:19:52,280 --> 00:19:57,280 Speaker 1: talk about the problem getting chips, the supply chain issue, 352 00:19:57,560 --> 00:20:01,520 Speaker 1: and the increase in price, the inflation issue, and whether 353 00:20:01,680 --> 00:20:04,880 Speaker 1: or not this kind of inflation is transient or here 354 00:20:04,920 --> 00:20:07,360 Speaker 1: to stay. Vince, let me get your take first, because 355 00:20:07,400 --> 00:20:12,000 Speaker 1: I know you have a um UH a counter consensus 356 00:20:12,119 --> 00:20:15,400 Speaker 1: take on it. Well. A source of mind that I've 357 00:20:15,440 --> 00:20:18,720 Speaker 1: been speaking with in UH in San Francisco, who specializes 358 00:20:18,920 --> 00:20:23,000 Speaker 1: in UH in tracking data chips and semiconductors and such, 359 00:20:23,200 --> 00:20:25,399 Speaker 1: has been filling me in on some of the issues 360 00:20:25,440 --> 00:20:29,240 Speaker 1: have played and saying that the expectation for prices going 361 00:20:29,680 --> 00:20:33,800 Speaker 1: through this year is going to increase in every quarter 362 00:20:33,920 --> 00:20:37,800 Speaker 1: and carry into two. And from what he's seeing is 363 00:20:38,000 --> 00:20:42,200 Speaker 1: essentially the shortage in the industry is driving up prices. 364 00:20:42,640 --> 00:20:44,960 Speaker 1: And when I asked him about UM, you know that 365 00:20:45,280 --> 00:20:47,440 Speaker 1: you know the contracts that are in place, especially in 366 00:20:47,480 --> 00:20:51,359 Speaker 1: the large corporations, you know, people like Apple for instance, 367 00:20:51,440 --> 00:20:53,879 Speaker 1: Forward Motor Company UH And he says, yet they have 368 00:20:54,280 --> 00:20:57,960 Speaker 1: contracts in place to set a price. But in reality, 369 00:20:58,040 --> 00:21:00,640 Speaker 1: if the if these contracts with company is in Taiwan, 370 00:21:00,720 --> 00:21:02,800 Speaker 1: they don't actually have to sell it to them at 371 00:21:02,840 --> 00:21:05,879 Speaker 1: their price. At that price there it's a supply and 372 00:21:06,000 --> 00:21:10,800 Speaker 1: demand issue and recent prices Apple for instances, as he 373 00:21:10,880 --> 00:21:13,639 Speaker 1: tells me, of scrambling for supply and can't get them 374 00:21:13,640 --> 00:21:17,000 Speaker 1: because they will offer prices refused and now the prices 375 00:21:17,040 --> 00:21:19,640 Speaker 1: are higher and they're coming back and the suppliers are 376 00:21:19,640 --> 00:21:22,800 Speaker 1: telling them sorry, the the uh, the allocation has gone 377 00:21:22,840 --> 00:21:26,600 Speaker 1: to someone else. So that type of frenzy, if you will. Uh, 378 00:21:26,680 --> 00:21:29,040 Speaker 1: The expectation is to drive prices up through the end 379 00:21:29,119 --> 00:21:32,320 Speaker 1: of the year. And on the small old margin suppliers, 380 00:21:32,359 --> 00:21:35,159 Speaker 1: the people that supply wal Mart and Amazon, they have 381 00:21:35,359 --> 00:21:37,399 Speaker 1: to pass that cost alonge because they simply don't have 382 00:21:37,520 --> 00:21:41,120 Speaker 1: the margin. Uh, they to eat away and their profits 383 00:21:41,240 --> 00:21:44,880 Speaker 1: to to take that themselves. All Right, So I want 384 00:21:44,880 --> 00:21:48,719 Speaker 1: to bring in you. You've been covering the semiconductor industry 385 00:21:48,800 --> 00:21:52,320 Speaker 1: for decades. Explain to us what's going on here, How 386 00:21:52,359 --> 00:21:54,359 Speaker 1: did this shortage come about, and how long do you 387 00:21:54,440 --> 00:21:57,840 Speaker 1: think it plays out? Yeah, hey, guys, thanks for having 388 00:21:57,880 --> 00:22:00,320 Speaker 1: me on. So a couple of different things. One of 389 00:22:00,400 --> 00:22:02,639 Speaker 1: the things that we've been talking about with respect of 390 00:22:02,680 --> 00:22:06,320 Speaker 1: the ship chip shortage is that the pandemic has boosted 391 00:22:06,359 --> 00:22:09,600 Speaker 1: demand and the demand hasn't come from areas that we 392 00:22:09,760 --> 00:22:13,800 Speaker 1: thought were going to be the demand spikes. So, for example, 393 00:22:13,920 --> 00:22:19,840 Speaker 1: PCs have been through the roof, so associated components of PCs, CPUs, memory, 394 00:22:20,440 --> 00:22:25,000 Speaker 1: um io chips, display drivers have all from a demand perspective, 395 00:22:25,040 --> 00:22:28,040 Speaker 1: shot through the roof from second half of last year 396 00:22:28,400 --> 00:22:31,760 Speaker 1: and it's ongoing. So that's a big component that's about. 397 00:22:31,880 --> 00:22:35,800 Speaker 1: You know, PCs, at OLPCs and um servers are roughly 398 00:22:35,840 --> 00:22:42,560 Speaker 1: about thirty of semiconductor consumption across different categories. Second handsets 399 00:22:42,640 --> 00:22:46,280 Speaker 1: have been very, very strong despite the Wahwei band. There's 400 00:22:46,280 --> 00:22:49,000 Speaker 1: been movement of market share five gs that and that 401 00:22:49,200 --> 00:22:51,720 Speaker 1: demand has been very strong as well. So that's another 402 00:22:52,240 --> 00:22:56,919 Speaker 1: thirty five or so percent of demand for for semiconductors. 403 00:22:57,040 --> 00:23:01,760 Speaker 1: Those two alone have been spiking demand. Now, one of 404 00:23:01,840 --> 00:23:04,639 Speaker 1: the things that we've also seen through the industry is 405 00:23:05,680 --> 00:23:08,760 Speaker 1: supply has moved around, so all those were expected to 406 00:23:08,840 --> 00:23:10,760 Speaker 1: fall off a cliff. They're roughly about ten percent of 407 00:23:10,800 --> 00:23:14,040 Speaker 1: semi conductor demand. So people cut cut back on autos. 408 00:23:14,400 --> 00:23:18,520 Speaker 1: Come three Q of last year, whoa nellie, demands spiked again, 409 00:23:19,000 --> 00:23:21,800 Speaker 1: but too late we've already moved away from autos, so 410 00:23:22,040 --> 00:23:25,159 Speaker 1: that area has been caught on the back foot. UM 411 00:23:25,560 --> 00:23:27,920 Speaker 1: So that's the part I care about. On I don't 412 00:23:27,960 --> 00:23:31,120 Speaker 1: care about the PC demand. I'm fine using my old 413 00:23:31,160 --> 00:23:35,600 Speaker 1: one handset, doesn't matter. The cars are important because we're 414 00:23:35,600 --> 00:23:40,639 Speaker 1: seeing ten fifty dollar markups on dealer lots. Um is 415 00:23:40,720 --> 00:23:43,320 Speaker 1: that going to Are they going to get production back 416 00:23:43,480 --> 00:23:47,760 Speaker 1: into line? Not any time soon? Is the is the 417 00:23:47,840 --> 00:23:51,840 Speaker 1: short answer? Um? And UM, you've you've had some marvels 418 00:23:51,880 --> 00:23:54,840 Speaker 1: already under a little bit of a supply crunch, and 419 00:23:55,480 --> 00:23:58,440 Speaker 1: you know this is this, Uh, the the adage of 420 00:23:58,560 --> 00:24:00,240 Speaker 1: you know, for the warrant of a horse shoe, the 421 00:24:00,320 --> 00:24:03,159 Speaker 1: kingdom was was lost is a good one here, because 422 00:24:03,720 --> 00:24:06,280 Speaker 1: these could all be ten cent parts, two dollar parts. 423 00:24:06,680 --> 00:24:09,200 Speaker 1: But as a result, you know, twenty two fifty to 424 00:24:09,359 --> 00:24:13,800 Speaker 1: seventy thousand dollar cars are waiting for this last electronic 425 00:24:13,880 --> 00:24:17,760 Speaker 1: component despite its value, low value, in order to shift 426 00:24:17,760 --> 00:24:20,320 Speaker 1: the product. And you're seeing a lot of that. And 427 00:24:20,480 --> 00:24:22,639 Speaker 1: I don't know if you've seen this in industrial or 428 00:24:22,760 --> 00:24:27,399 Speaker 1: certain types of very mundane household electronic items that are 429 00:24:27,440 --> 00:24:29,800 Speaker 1: on back order and prices being marked up. So I 430 00:24:29,880 --> 00:24:34,679 Speaker 1: agree with Vince's point in that you're going to see shortages, 431 00:24:35,080 --> 00:24:37,640 Speaker 1: you're going to see delays, and you're going to see 432 00:24:37,720 --> 00:24:43,000 Speaker 1: higher prices. And this is most likely sustained through one 433 00:24:43,400 --> 00:24:47,119 Speaker 1: and perhaps me spill over into two depending on whether 434 00:24:47,840 --> 00:24:52,000 Speaker 1: demand is sustained. Some of this demand is perishable UM, 435 00:24:52,359 --> 00:24:55,120 Speaker 1: but most of the demand, like auto demand for example, 436 00:24:55,640 --> 00:24:57,680 Speaker 1: is long lasting. You're not going to go out and 437 00:24:57,760 --> 00:24:59,720 Speaker 1: buy a bicycle because you can't get your hands on 438 00:24:59,760 --> 00:25:03,320 Speaker 1: a car are UM, So either you buy it in 439 00:25:03,440 --> 00:25:09,440 Speaker 1: two Q or t Q, or you know gone. All right, guys, 440 00:25:09,600 --> 00:25:11,159 Speaker 1: thank you very much. This is going to be a 441 00:25:11,240 --> 00:25:13,680 Speaker 1: big issue for this economy and will certainly pay attention 442 00:25:13,760 --> 00:25:17,359 Speaker 1: to a Vinced Signarella, Global macro strategists for Bloomberg News 443 00:25:17,440 --> 00:25:20,480 Speaker 1: joining us on the phone. And Anna Trinivasan, senior semiconductor 444 00:25:20,520 --> 00:25:25,800 Speaker 1: and hardware analysts for Bloomberg Intelligence. Thanks for listening to 445 00:25:25,800 --> 00:25:29,320 Speaker 1: the Bloomberg Markets podcast. You can subscribe and listen to 446 00:25:29,400 --> 00:25:33,520 Speaker 1: interviews of Apple Podcasts or whatever podcast platform you prefer. 447 00:25:33,960 --> 00:25:38,600 Speaker 1: I'm Matt Miller. I'm on Twitter at Matt Miller on 448 00:25:38,720 --> 00:25:41,760 Speaker 1: ball Sweeney I'm on Twitter at pt Sweeney. Before the podcast, 449 00:25:41,840 --> 00:25:44,320 Speaker 1: you can always catch us worldwide at Bloomberg Radio.