1 00:00:00,080 --> 00:00:02,920 Speaker 1: Hey, listeners, we have a little announcement. So if you 2 00:00:03,000 --> 00:00:06,320 Speaker 1: are someone that is maybe working on the back catalog 3 00:00:06,400 --> 00:00:08,200 Speaker 1: of our show, or maybe you already listen to that, 4 00:00:08,520 --> 00:00:10,840 Speaker 1: maybe you want to revisit some old episodes, We're helping 5 00:00:10,840 --> 00:00:13,680 Speaker 1: you out. We're going to start offering some classic episodes 6 00:00:13,720 --> 00:00:15,680 Speaker 1: that will run on the weekend, so keep an ear 7 00:00:15,680 --> 00:00:18,479 Speaker 1: out for those. That way, you can get History three 8 00:00:18,520 --> 00:00:20,640 Speaker 1: times a week and they'll be right there in your 9 00:00:20,640 --> 00:00:26,119 Speaker 1: feet alongside all of our new episodes. We hope you enjoy. 10 00:00:26,600 --> 00:00:29,560 Speaker 1: Welcome to steph you missed in history class from how 11 00:00:29,640 --> 00:00:38,440 Speaker 1: Stuff Works dot com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast. 12 00:00:38,479 --> 00:00:43,920 Speaker 1: I'm Holly Fry and I'm Tracy V. Wilson. So today's subject, 13 00:00:44,240 --> 00:00:47,080 Speaker 1: it's a really complex woman. Uh. And most of the 14 00:00:47,120 --> 00:00:50,160 Speaker 1: time she is described as this sort of eccentric spitfire 15 00:00:50,520 --> 00:00:54,040 Speaker 1: who really really hated alcohol, and that is not inaccurate. 16 00:00:54,800 --> 00:00:56,960 Speaker 1: But her story is really a lot more complex than that. 17 00:00:57,040 --> 00:00:59,440 Speaker 1: And it is so complex in fact that uh, and 18 00:00:59,480 --> 00:01:02,320 Speaker 1: it is load with unique experiences. So we're doing a 19 00:01:02,360 --> 00:01:05,039 Speaker 1: two parter on her because as I dug into this research, 20 00:01:05,520 --> 00:01:08,679 Speaker 1: I kept finding more and more and going, really, oh, 21 00:01:08,720 --> 00:01:12,160 Speaker 1: we got to talk about that too. Uh. So as 22 00:01:12,200 --> 00:01:14,280 Speaker 1: you examine her life and I'm using the you in 23 00:01:14,319 --> 00:01:17,880 Speaker 1: the very casual as one examines her life, it becomes 24 00:01:17,880 --> 00:01:21,120 Speaker 1: a parent where her anti alcohol ideology comes from. But 25 00:01:21,160 --> 00:01:24,399 Speaker 1: it's also really pretty amazing just how passionate and devoted 26 00:01:24,440 --> 00:01:26,320 Speaker 1: to the cause she was. She's one of those people 27 00:01:27,120 --> 00:01:30,120 Speaker 1: that some people see as just a kuk and other 28 00:01:30,160 --> 00:01:34,679 Speaker 1: people see as, you know, really this amazing activist, and 29 00:01:34,720 --> 00:01:37,679 Speaker 1: the reality is, you know, sort of probably somewhere between. 30 00:01:37,760 --> 00:01:40,479 Speaker 1: She's all of the above, too many people, and and 31 00:01:40,680 --> 00:01:45,880 Speaker 1: it's really interesting life story to examine, but also sort 32 00:01:45,880 --> 00:01:50,520 Speaker 1: of a psychological examination. So, um, we're talking about Carrie A. 33 00:01:50,640 --> 00:01:53,640 Speaker 1: Nation and her autobiography was a big part of my 34 00:01:53,680 --> 00:01:56,320 Speaker 1: research in this, in addition to other writings about her, 35 00:01:56,600 --> 00:01:58,680 Speaker 1: and it's quite a read, so I couldn't help but 36 00:01:58,720 --> 00:02:01,480 Speaker 1: include a number of quotes for it, So just know 37 00:02:01,600 --> 00:02:04,000 Speaker 1: that you'll get a lot of perspective from her point 38 00:02:04,000 --> 00:02:08,920 Speaker 1: of view. Carrie Nation was born Carrie Amelia Moore in 39 00:02:09,080 --> 00:02:13,600 Speaker 1: Kentucky on November eighteen forty six, and then right out 40 00:02:13,600 --> 00:02:16,160 Speaker 1: of the gate, there's a discrepancy about the spelling of 41 00:02:16,200 --> 00:02:18,679 Speaker 1: her first name, to the point that when Holly sent 42 00:02:18,720 --> 00:02:21,320 Speaker 1: this outline. I was surprised at the spelling of it 43 00:02:21,639 --> 00:02:25,760 Speaker 1: her birth certificate. Her birth certificate listed it as Carrie 44 00:02:25,960 --> 00:02:29,240 Speaker 1: with an I E ending, but her father entered Carrie 45 00:02:29,280 --> 00:02:31,640 Speaker 1: with a hy as her name in the family Bible. 46 00:02:31,960 --> 00:02:34,519 Speaker 1: And this difference in spelling, as if you were looking 47 00:02:34,560 --> 00:02:37,519 Speaker 1: things up about her, you will see it spelled both ways. 48 00:02:37,639 --> 00:02:41,200 Speaker 1: And this would also be revisited later in her life. Yeah, 49 00:02:41,240 --> 00:02:43,440 Speaker 1: initially she went by the I E spelling, but she 50 00:02:43,520 --> 00:02:47,040 Speaker 1: changed it later and we'll talk about why. In eighteen 51 00:02:47,040 --> 00:02:50,840 Speaker 1: fifty four, George Moore moved his family to Missouri, where 52 00:02:50,840 --> 00:02:54,080 Speaker 1: they made a home in a farmhouse in Cass County, 53 00:02:54,160 --> 00:02:56,520 Speaker 1: and then the family moved to Texas six years later, 54 00:02:56,600 --> 00:02:58,880 Speaker 1: but after only a year there, they once again moved 55 00:02:58,919 --> 00:03:01,480 Speaker 1: back to their Missouri phone arm, but they were unable 56 00:03:01,520 --> 00:03:04,480 Speaker 1: to stay there. The Civil War was still underway at 57 00:03:04,520 --> 00:03:06,320 Speaker 1: that time. That was actually what had caused them to 58 00:03:06,400 --> 00:03:09,120 Speaker 1: leave in the first place. Uh and Cass County, in 59 00:03:09,160 --> 00:03:12,280 Speaker 1: other areas near the border between Kansas and Missouri were 60 00:03:12,280 --> 00:03:15,560 Speaker 1: evacuated by the Union, so George and Mary took their 61 00:03:15,600 --> 00:03:20,079 Speaker 1: children to Kansas City on November one, eighteen sixty seven, 62 00:03:20,160 --> 00:03:23,080 Speaker 1: at the age of one, Carrie got married to a 63 00:03:23,120 --> 00:03:26,760 Speaker 1: man named Charles Gloyd, but their marriage was really brief. 64 00:03:26,800 --> 00:03:29,600 Speaker 1: Gloyd was a doctor who had also served for the 65 00:03:29,760 --> 00:03:32,520 Speaker 1: Union in the Civil War, and he was an alcoholic, 66 00:03:32,960 --> 00:03:35,720 Speaker 1: and Carrie left him a few months after their wedding 67 00:03:35,880 --> 00:03:39,120 Speaker 1: because she loved him, but she was also pregnant and 68 00:03:39,160 --> 00:03:41,360 Speaker 1: she knew that he was not going to be able 69 00:03:41,400 --> 00:03:44,320 Speaker 1: to take care of a family because of how severe 70 00:03:44,480 --> 00:03:49,040 Speaker 1: his drinking problem was. So Carrie moved in with her 71 00:03:49,080 --> 00:03:52,560 Speaker 1: family and she had her daughter, Charlene, named after her father. 72 00:03:52,720 --> 00:03:56,680 Speaker 1: On September eighteen sixty eight, when the baby was only 73 00:03:56,720 --> 00:04:00,200 Speaker 1: six months old, Charles died. He is generally dis I'm 74 00:04:00,240 --> 00:04:02,800 Speaker 1: just having drunk himself to death. I never found any 75 00:04:02,840 --> 00:04:05,400 Speaker 1: additional details in terms of cause of death other than 76 00:04:05,440 --> 00:04:10,880 Speaker 1: just alcoholism. Terry's experience with Charles's alcoholism really was likely 77 00:04:10,920 --> 00:04:14,120 Speaker 1: the beginning of her vehemence stance against drinking, and it 78 00:04:14,160 --> 00:04:17,919 Speaker 1: really fueled the rest of her life. After Charles's death, 79 00:04:18,000 --> 00:04:22,359 Speaker 1: Carry liquidated her modest assets. They included a parcel of 80 00:04:22,560 --> 00:04:25,200 Speaker 1: land that her father had given her, as well as 81 00:04:25,279 --> 00:04:28,040 Speaker 1: Charles's medical equipment, and she had a house built and 82 00:04:28,120 --> 00:04:31,599 Speaker 1: hold in Missouri for herself. Charlene and Charles's mother. She 83 00:04:31,640 --> 00:04:34,120 Speaker 1: would later write that she didn't really love her mother 84 00:04:34,160 --> 00:04:37,520 Speaker 1: in law, but that she respected her and quote, I 85 00:04:37,560 --> 00:04:39,680 Speaker 1: wanted to be with the mother of the man I 86 00:04:39,800 --> 00:04:43,640 Speaker 1: loved more than my own life. Yeah. She talks about 87 00:04:43,640 --> 00:04:46,279 Speaker 1: her mother in law a lot in her autobiography, and 88 00:04:46,400 --> 00:04:48,440 Speaker 1: even though she says she didn't love her, she speaks 89 00:04:48,440 --> 00:04:51,080 Speaker 1: of her very very sweetly and clearly had a lot 90 00:04:51,120 --> 00:04:54,559 Speaker 1: of respect for the woman and really did care for her. Uh. 91 00:04:54,720 --> 00:04:57,600 Speaker 1: Cherry spent a year from eighteen seventy one to eighteen 92 00:04:57,600 --> 00:05:00,640 Speaker 1: seventy two earning her teaching certificate so that she could 93 00:05:00,640 --> 00:05:03,200 Speaker 1: support her child and her mother in law, and the 94 00:05:03,279 --> 00:05:05,359 Speaker 1: arrangement that they sort of had in the household was 95 00:05:05,400 --> 00:05:07,680 Speaker 1: that mother Gloyd was going to look after Charlene in 96 00:05:07,720 --> 00:05:11,279 Speaker 1: the house and Carrie would be the earner. After several 97 00:05:11,360 --> 00:05:14,160 Speaker 1: years of teaching and Holden's Public School, she was let 98 00:05:14,200 --> 00:05:16,960 Speaker 1: go when she and one of the school boards members 99 00:05:17,040 --> 00:05:21,160 Speaker 1: argued over the way she taught the children. And her autobiography, 100 00:05:21,279 --> 00:05:23,440 Speaker 1: she said that when she had the children read the 101 00:05:23,480 --> 00:05:27,440 Speaker 1: sentence I saw a man out loud, she had them 102 00:05:27,440 --> 00:05:31,240 Speaker 1: pronounced the word A with the short rather than the 103 00:05:31,279 --> 00:05:35,200 Speaker 1: long sound the way that you would in a conversation. 104 00:05:35,839 --> 00:05:39,960 Speaker 1: I saw a man, and that the board member was 105 00:05:40,000 --> 00:05:43,400 Speaker 1: insistent that she teached them to use a long a sound, 106 00:05:43,520 --> 00:05:47,799 Speaker 1: So I saw a man. So this particular sticking point 107 00:05:47,920 --> 00:05:51,919 Speaker 1: caused serious clashes between the two of them, and in 108 00:05:51,960 --> 00:05:56,640 Speaker 1: the end she got fired. Yeah, no reading about her 109 00:05:56,640 --> 00:05:58,200 Speaker 1: and as it went along. When I first read this, 110 00:05:58,279 --> 00:06:00,520 Speaker 1: I was like, Oh, that steaks. But I can see 111 00:06:00,560 --> 00:06:03,440 Speaker 1: her personality being one that really gave it right back 112 00:06:03,480 --> 00:06:06,520 Speaker 1: and probably was pretty dismissive of him as well. So 113 00:06:06,560 --> 00:06:08,479 Speaker 1: it seems like it was definitely a case of two 114 00:06:08,480 --> 00:06:11,039 Speaker 1: people with strong ideas, neither of which was willing to 115 00:06:11,080 --> 00:06:15,039 Speaker 1: give so less about how to pronounce uh and more 116 00:06:15,120 --> 00:06:20,000 Speaker 1: about being argumented in right. I think there was definitely 117 00:06:20,000 --> 00:06:21,800 Speaker 1: a do as I say, don't tell me what to 118 00:06:21,800 --> 00:06:25,200 Speaker 1: do situation going on. Uh. And after she lost her job, 119 00:06:25,360 --> 00:06:29,360 Speaker 1: Carrie was very aware of the precarious situation that her 120 00:06:29,440 --> 00:06:32,839 Speaker 1: lack of income created for her small family, and so 121 00:06:32,920 --> 00:06:34,720 Speaker 1: she made this decision that she was just going to 122 00:06:34,839 --> 00:06:37,080 Speaker 1: have to get married again. And she did not have 123 00:06:37,120 --> 00:06:40,039 Speaker 1: any gentleman in mind for this marriage, but she prayed 124 00:06:40,160 --> 00:06:43,200 Speaker 1: for God to deliver her an answer to the conundrum, 125 00:06:43,240 --> 00:06:46,040 Speaker 1: and when she met David Nation ten days after she 126 00:06:46,160 --> 00:06:49,080 Speaker 1: had made this decision and prayed on it, she believed 127 00:06:49,120 --> 00:06:53,599 Speaker 1: that their meeting had been divinely arranged. She married David Nation, 128 00:06:53,600 --> 00:06:55,960 Speaker 1: who worked as a journalist and a lawyer as well 129 00:06:56,040 --> 00:06:58,520 Speaker 1: as a preacher, at the end of eighteen seventy four, 130 00:06:58,920 --> 00:07:01,640 Speaker 1: and David, who was a ittawer, brought his own children 131 00:07:01,680 --> 00:07:04,840 Speaker 1: from his previous marriage into the family. They all lived 132 00:07:04,880 --> 00:07:07,440 Speaker 1: in Missouri for several years before moving to a cotton 133 00:07:07,440 --> 00:07:11,280 Speaker 1: plantation in Texas in eighteen seventy seven. Carrie's mother in 134 00:07:11,360 --> 00:07:14,360 Speaker 1: law from her first marriage also moved with them, and 135 00:07:14,440 --> 00:07:16,960 Speaker 1: she lived with them for fifteen years after Carry and 136 00:07:17,040 --> 00:07:20,920 Speaker 1: David married, all the way up until her death. That 137 00:07:21,040 --> 00:07:25,640 Speaker 1: marriage was really not a blissful one, uh In her autobiography, 138 00:07:25,720 --> 00:07:28,680 Speaker 1: Carry wrote that David lied and deceived her, although she 139 00:07:28,720 --> 00:07:30,880 Speaker 1: did not go into particulars, so we don't really know 140 00:07:30,960 --> 00:07:34,600 Speaker 1: what that was about. She also added, quote, my christian 141 00:07:34,680 --> 00:07:37,160 Speaker 1: life was an offense unto him, and I found out 142 00:07:37,200 --> 00:07:39,600 Speaker 1: if I yielded to his ideas and views that I 143 00:07:39,600 --> 00:07:43,200 Speaker 1: would be false to every true motive. And it's unclear 144 00:07:43,320 --> 00:07:46,240 Speaker 1: as well how her Christianity was at odds with David's 145 00:07:46,280 --> 00:07:49,440 Speaker 1: Christianity since he was a preacher, but she does mention 146 00:07:49,480 --> 00:07:51,640 Speaker 1: in her life story that she was a literalist when 147 00:07:51,640 --> 00:07:54,000 Speaker 1: it came to the Bible, which may have been too 148 00:07:54,040 --> 00:07:58,200 Speaker 1: extreme for her husband. She credited the adversarial nature of 149 00:07:58,240 --> 00:08:01,280 Speaker 1: her second marriage with making her the fighter that she was, 150 00:08:01,440 --> 00:08:04,920 Speaker 1: but it bothered her to have had two failed marriages. 151 00:08:05,560 --> 00:08:08,360 Speaker 1: Later in her life, she wrote, quote, the bitterest sorrows 152 00:08:08,400 --> 00:08:10,800 Speaker 1: of my life have come from not having the love 153 00:08:10,880 --> 00:08:14,480 Speaker 1: of a husband. But she also reconciled that sorrow with 154 00:08:14,560 --> 00:08:17,760 Speaker 1: her firm belief that if she had been happily married, 155 00:08:17,840 --> 00:08:20,040 Speaker 1: she would not have gone on to her important work 156 00:08:20,040 --> 00:08:23,320 Speaker 1: of activism. She said, quote, I know it was God's 157 00:08:23,360 --> 00:08:26,520 Speaker 1: will for me to marry Mr. Nation. Had I married 158 00:08:26,520 --> 00:08:29,080 Speaker 1: a man I could have loved, God never could have 159 00:08:29,280 --> 00:08:32,800 Speaker 1: used me. And we're gonna pause here for a word 160 00:08:32,840 --> 00:08:34,920 Speaker 1: from one of our sponsors, and when we come back, 161 00:08:34,960 --> 00:08:38,080 Speaker 1: we're going to talk about Carrie Nations daughter Charlene, and 162 00:08:38,120 --> 00:08:47,240 Speaker 1: how the two of them got along. Carrie's relationship with 163 00:08:47,280 --> 00:08:50,400 Speaker 1: her daughter Charlene was also not ideal, so at this 164 00:08:50,440 --> 00:08:52,280 Speaker 1: point where she and her husband, we're not getting along. 165 00:08:52,280 --> 00:08:55,400 Speaker 1: But she also had problems with her child when the 166 00:08:55,440 --> 00:08:58,440 Speaker 1: girl became ill with typhoid fever. It seemed that Carrie 167 00:08:58,480 --> 00:09:02,160 Speaker 1: blamed her daughter's physical weakness on her deceased father's drinking. 168 00:09:02,760 --> 00:09:05,800 Speaker 1: She recounted, quote, her case was violent and she was 169 00:09:05,840 --> 00:09:09,840 Speaker 1: delirious from the first. This my only child, was peculiar. 170 00:09:10,040 --> 00:09:12,240 Speaker 1: She was the result of a drunken father and a 171 00:09:12,320 --> 00:09:15,560 Speaker 1: distracted mother. The curse of heredity is one of the 172 00:09:15,600 --> 00:09:19,559 Speaker 1: most heartbreaking results of the Saloon. Poor little children are 173 00:09:19,559 --> 00:09:21,680 Speaker 1: brought into the world with the curse of drink and 174 00:09:21,760 --> 00:09:26,200 Speaker 1: disease entailed upon them. Carrie was also heartbroken when her 175 00:09:26,280 --> 00:09:29,960 Speaker 1: daughter made it clear that she was not interested in Christianity, 176 00:09:30,160 --> 00:09:33,720 Speaker 1: and Mrs Nation, according to her own account, prayed to 177 00:09:33,960 --> 00:09:38,120 Speaker 1: God to visit quote bodily affliction on her preteen daughter 178 00:09:38,520 --> 00:09:41,960 Speaker 1: as a means to quote make her love and serve God. 179 00:09:42,840 --> 00:09:46,720 Speaker 1: Soon after this prayer, Charlene developed an infection in her cheek, 180 00:09:46,760 --> 00:09:49,120 Speaker 1: which caused a hole to open up in it, which 181 00:09:49,160 --> 00:09:53,840 Speaker 1: left her teeth and her jaw exposed. And after having 182 00:09:53,920 --> 00:09:57,560 Speaker 1: been really very ill for nine days, Charlene began to 183 00:09:57,600 --> 00:10:01,120 Speaker 1: recover and most of the whole in her healed, although 184 00:10:01,280 --> 00:10:04,920 Speaker 1: she then developed lockjaw. Carrie eventually took her to a 185 00:10:05,000 --> 00:10:08,680 Speaker 1: series of doctors to repair the remaining damage, and eventually, 186 00:10:08,720 --> 00:10:11,480 Speaker 1: after a number of doctors performed surgeries to her jaw 187 00:10:11,559 --> 00:10:14,440 Speaker 1: that never achieved any real relief, she was sent to 188 00:10:14,480 --> 00:10:16,839 Speaker 1: a relative in New York, also a doctor. This is 189 00:10:16,880 --> 00:10:19,600 Speaker 1: a relative on her father's side, and that man took 190 00:10:19,640 --> 00:10:22,440 Speaker 1: skin from under the girl's chin and grafted it onto 191 00:10:22,480 --> 00:10:25,400 Speaker 1: the open cheeks, so he finally closed up that hole completely, 192 00:10:25,640 --> 00:10:29,120 Speaker 1: but her jaw remained unmoving. She was then referred to 193 00:10:29,160 --> 00:10:32,200 Speaker 1: a specialist in Philadelphia after she asked her mother to 194 00:10:32,280 --> 00:10:35,960 Speaker 1: pray for her jaw to heal, and slowly, over time 195 00:10:36,040 --> 00:10:39,120 Speaker 1: she was able to open her mouth. The text of 196 00:10:39,240 --> 00:10:43,079 Speaker 1: Nation's autobiography gets a little medically hazy here because she 197 00:10:43,240 --> 00:10:46,600 Speaker 1: asserts that portions of her daughter's jaw bone, which had 198 00:10:46,640 --> 00:10:52,520 Speaker 1: been removed surgically, had somehow grown back. Yes, she definitely 199 00:10:53,040 --> 00:10:57,679 Speaker 1: characterizes this whole thing as um some divine healing taking 200 00:10:57,679 --> 00:11:02,200 Speaker 1: place that scientifically is not really so parted uh. And 201 00:11:02,240 --> 00:11:05,000 Speaker 1: at this point Carrie had also been managing a hotel 202 00:11:05,080 --> 00:11:07,079 Speaker 1: for a while as a way to make money, and 203 00:11:07,080 --> 00:11:09,960 Speaker 1: while that enterprise had started out sort of hard, scramble. 204 00:11:10,040 --> 00:11:13,280 Speaker 1: She really built herself a very successful business and bought 205 00:11:13,320 --> 00:11:15,920 Speaker 1: her own hotel, which she also ran, and thanks to 206 00:11:15,960 --> 00:11:19,320 Speaker 1: that business success, she was able to pay for Charlenne's treatments. 207 00:11:20,160 --> 00:11:23,280 Speaker 1: And after Charlene recovered finally she went and stayed with 208 00:11:23,320 --> 00:11:25,600 Speaker 1: some of her father's family in Vermont for a while, 209 00:11:25,760 --> 00:11:28,480 Speaker 1: and then she returned to Texas and not long after 210 00:11:28,559 --> 00:11:31,400 Speaker 1: got married. The new couple lived with Carrie for a 211 00:11:31,480 --> 00:11:34,120 Speaker 1: year in the hotel before they finally moved into a 212 00:11:34,160 --> 00:11:37,040 Speaker 1: home of their own. During this period of her life, 213 00:11:37,160 --> 00:11:41,120 Speaker 1: Nation became even more devoutly religious. She describes attending a 214 00:11:41,160 --> 00:11:44,800 Speaker 1: Methodist conference in Texas where she felt profoundly moved During 215 00:11:44,840 --> 00:11:48,360 Speaker 1: a sermon, she wrote, quote, there was a halo around 216 00:11:48,360 --> 00:11:52,599 Speaker 1: the minister. I was wrapped in ecstasy. MY first impression 217 00:11:52,679 --> 00:11:55,160 Speaker 1: was that an angel was talking and that the house 218 00:11:55,280 --> 00:11:59,160 Speaker 1: was ascending to heaven. I felt my natural heart expanding 219 00:11:59,200 --> 00:12:02,000 Speaker 1: to it an enormal size. I looked to see what 220 00:12:02,120 --> 00:12:04,880 Speaker 1: impression was made on the people in the audience. I 221 00:12:04,920 --> 00:12:08,160 Speaker 1: saw one man nodding. I was surprised for no one 222 00:12:08,200 --> 00:12:13,760 Speaker 1: seemed at all astonished or delighted. And she spoke with 223 00:12:13,840 --> 00:12:17,080 Speaker 1: the other attendees after the service ended, because she wanted 224 00:12:17,080 --> 00:12:19,560 Speaker 1: to see if anybody else had the same experience she did, 225 00:12:20,000 --> 00:12:21,840 Speaker 1: and she found that she was the only one that 226 00:12:21,880 --> 00:12:25,000 Speaker 1: was so deeply affected by it. She decided in that 227 00:12:25,040 --> 00:12:28,600 Speaker 1: moment that quote, henceforth, all my time, means, and efforts 228 00:12:28,600 --> 00:12:31,840 Speaker 1: should be given to God. And she wrote pretty openly 229 00:12:31,840 --> 00:12:35,079 Speaker 1: in her life story about her religious devotion, drawing criticism 230 00:12:35,160 --> 00:12:38,240 Speaker 1: and that she was quote considered crazy. That's her freezing. 231 00:12:38,679 --> 00:12:41,360 Speaker 1: But she believed that the sensation that she felt that 232 00:12:41,400 --> 00:12:45,040 Speaker 1: Tracy just described where her heart was expanding, was in 233 00:12:45,080 --> 00:12:48,280 Speaker 1: fact because quote God was putting the whole world in 234 00:12:48,400 --> 00:12:51,640 Speaker 1: my heart, and she later referred to this experience at 235 00:12:51,679 --> 00:12:55,320 Speaker 1: the sermon as a quote transaction between my soul and God, 236 00:12:55,720 --> 00:12:59,240 Speaker 1: as well as her baptism of the Holy Ghost. Soon 237 00:12:59,320 --> 00:13:02,080 Speaker 1: after this, she was dismissed from teaching in the local 238 00:13:02,120 --> 00:13:05,920 Speaker 1: Methodist Sunday school because she was not actually Methodist, but 239 00:13:06,040 --> 00:13:08,640 Speaker 1: she soon moved on to teach in an Episcopal Sunday 240 00:13:08,640 --> 00:13:12,600 Speaker 1: school that too, ended poorly when she refused to teach 241 00:13:12,640 --> 00:13:16,160 Speaker 1: the Catechism because she felt it contained elements that contradicted 242 00:13:16,160 --> 00:13:19,200 Speaker 1: her literal reading of the Bible. As there were no 243 00:13:19,320 --> 00:13:22,319 Speaker 1: other churches in her small town, she began she began 244 00:13:22,400 --> 00:13:26,200 Speaker 1: teaching religion the way she felt proper and correct, using 245 00:13:26,200 --> 00:13:30,680 Speaker 1: the dining room of her hotel, and she had a 246 00:13:30,760 --> 00:13:33,400 Speaker 1: number of students, so she clearly wasn't the only person 247 00:13:33,440 --> 00:13:36,320 Speaker 1: who felt like she had had really like the strongest 248 00:13:36,320 --> 00:13:39,000 Speaker 1: sense of the way to teach children about the Bible. 249 00:13:39,120 --> 00:13:42,120 Speaker 1: But um she ended up having to leave her hotel 250 00:13:42,120 --> 00:13:46,280 Speaker 1: work and thus that that little sort of religious school 251 00:13:46,280 --> 00:13:48,439 Speaker 1: that she was running in the dining room when their 252 00:13:48,480 --> 00:13:53,040 Speaker 1: family relocated to Medicine Lodge, Kansas, and her husband, David Nation, 253 00:13:53,080 --> 00:13:55,880 Speaker 1: worked as a preacher there and then also in Holton, Kansas. 254 00:13:56,440 --> 00:13:59,960 Speaker 1: But this was actually an issue of dismay for Carrie Nation, 255 00:14:00,040 --> 00:14:03,079 Speaker 1: and she felt that her husband was not truly religious 256 00:14:03,120 --> 00:14:06,280 Speaker 1: and that he absolutely should not be leading a congregation. 257 00:14:07,000 --> 00:14:09,920 Speaker 1: And she also argued with Medicine Lodgest church leaders for 258 00:14:10,080 --> 00:14:12,800 Speaker 1: very similar reasons. It kind of seemed like no one 259 00:14:12,840 --> 00:14:16,839 Speaker 1: in any church was quite religious enough for carry These 260 00:14:16,880 --> 00:14:20,040 Speaker 1: conflicts were really an ongoing source of stress for her, 261 00:14:20,240 --> 00:14:23,040 Speaker 1: and she often felt that her expressions of faith were 262 00:14:23,080 --> 00:14:26,560 Speaker 1: constrained by the structure of the church. She would sometimes 263 00:14:26,600 --> 00:14:29,480 Speaker 1: have outbursts where she would announce during services that the 264 00:14:29,520 --> 00:14:33,040 Speaker 1: congregation should sing different hymns than the ones selected by 265 00:14:33,040 --> 00:14:36,360 Speaker 1: the minister, believing that the Holy Spirit had conveyed to 266 00:14:36,400 --> 00:14:39,920 Speaker 1: her more correct information, and she would sometimes have passionate 267 00:14:39,960 --> 00:14:43,720 Speaker 1: outbursts during the sermons themselves. While she believed she was 268 00:14:43,800 --> 00:14:46,720 Speaker 1: worshiping in the truest way that she knew, most of 269 00:14:46,720 --> 00:14:49,680 Speaker 1: the other parishioners and church leaders found all of this 270 00:14:49,840 --> 00:14:57,000 Speaker 1: to be too disruptive. Yeah. I she was very much 271 00:14:57,000 --> 00:14:59,720 Speaker 1: at odds with pretty much everyone on the issue of religion, 272 00:15:00,520 --> 00:15:03,320 Speaker 1: which I'm sure was very frustrating for everyone involved. Well, 273 00:15:03,320 --> 00:15:08,480 Speaker 1: and I They're like, there are churches that do operate 274 00:15:08,560 --> 00:15:11,120 Speaker 1: in this way where if you feel called to say 275 00:15:11,200 --> 00:15:14,920 Speaker 1: something during the sermon, you say it. So it is 276 00:15:15,040 --> 00:15:17,880 Speaker 1: unfortunate that that that was not a church that existed 277 00:15:17,920 --> 00:15:21,960 Speaker 1: where she lived. Yeah. Uh, yeah, I feel like somewhere 278 00:15:22,000 --> 00:15:24,480 Speaker 1: out there was exactly the right place for her, but 279 00:15:24,560 --> 00:15:26,520 Speaker 1: she never found it in any of the places that 280 00:15:26,560 --> 00:15:30,200 Speaker 1: she lived. But despite all of these elements of discord 281 00:15:30,200 --> 00:15:33,400 Speaker 1: in her life, she really found great purpose in Medicine Lodge. 282 00:15:33,880 --> 00:15:37,480 Speaker 1: She became very deeply involved in charity work. She dedicated 283 00:15:37,520 --> 00:15:40,800 Speaker 1: her time to women's and children's causes. She also helped 284 00:15:40,840 --> 00:15:43,920 Speaker 1: to start a local chapter of the Women's Christian Temperance Union, 285 00:15:43,960 --> 00:15:46,760 Speaker 1: which had been founded in Cleveland, Ohio, the same year 286 00:15:46,800 --> 00:15:49,880 Speaker 1: that Carrie and David were married. Her work as the 287 00:15:49,920 --> 00:15:54,880 Speaker 1: Women Christian Temperance Unions jail evangelist with imprisoned men also 288 00:15:55,000 --> 00:15:57,680 Speaker 1: led her to conclude that the cause of most criminal 289 00:15:57,680 --> 00:16:01,440 Speaker 1: behavior was alcohol, so she used the w c t 290 00:16:01,600 --> 00:16:05,400 Speaker 1: U to organize temperance protests. She and other women would 291 00:16:05,440 --> 00:16:08,040 Speaker 1: gather outside of bars and saloons to pray and to 292 00:16:08,120 --> 00:16:11,200 Speaker 1: sing hymns. Sometimes she would walk right into the front 293 00:16:11,240 --> 00:16:14,480 Speaker 1: room of such places the bar was normally a back room, 294 00:16:14,680 --> 00:16:18,400 Speaker 1: and they would do their hymn singing there. In eight 295 00:16:19,080 --> 00:16:21,560 Speaker 1: Kansas had become the first state to make sale and 296 00:16:21,640 --> 00:16:25,120 Speaker 1: manufacture of alcohol illegal, and so at this point alcohol 297 00:16:25,160 --> 00:16:28,440 Speaker 1: sales were illegal in Kansas, with the exception of transactions 298 00:16:28,480 --> 00:16:30,760 Speaker 1: that were for medical purposes. That was of course used 299 00:16:30,760 --> 00:16:34,160 Speaker 1: as a loophole a lot. But of course making alcohol 300 00:16:34,240 --> 00:16:36,840 Speaker 1: illegal did not make people stop drinking it, and there 301 00:16:36,840 --> 00:16:40,160 Speaker 1: were a number of men only drinking clubs throughout the state, 302 00:16:40,240 --> 00:16:43,920 Speaker 1: and they really were not policed. So we're about to 303 00:16:44,000 --> 00:16:47,479 Speaker 1: get into the real beginnings of Carrie nations more aggressive 304 00:16:47,520 --> 00:16:51,400 Speaker 1: activism probably the things people associate most with her if 305 00:16:51,440 --> 00:16:53,560 Speaker 1: they have heard of her before. We're gonna pause really 306 00:16:53,640 --> 00:17:01,160 Speaker 1: quickly for another sponsor break before we do that. So, 307 00:17:01,200 --> 00:17:04,879 Speaker 1: even though Carrie Nation was vehemently against alcohol consumption and 308 00:17:04,920 --> 00:17:07,600 Speaker 1: the bars where it happened, she didn't wish for the 309 00:17:07,640 --> 00:17:10,280 Speaker 1: men who ran such places to get into legal trouble. 310 00:17:10,720 --> 00:17:14,000 Speaker 1: She truly blamed their behavior on alcohol and wanted them 311 00:17:14,080 --> 00:17:16,600 Speaker 1: to be saved, and that is why she opted to 312 00:17:16,640 --> 00:17:20,000 Speaker 1: try to save them with religion. It wasn't long before 313 00:17:20,240 --> 00:17:23,439 Speaker 1: her efforts achieved their desired effect. She would basically go 314 00:17:23,520 --> 00:17:27,080 Speaker 1: and preach to various people in these sorts of saloons 315 00:17:27,080 --> 00:17:30,639 Speaker 1: and watering holes. But eventually, uh the watering holes of 316 00:17:30,640 --> 00:17:33,199 Speaker 1: Medicine Lodge, Missouri were no more. They kind of started 317 00:17:33,200 --> 00:17:34,960 Speaker 1: to shut down, and she took a lot of credit 318 00:17:35,000 --> 00:17:37,679 Speaker 1: for that in her autobiography, claiming that because she administered 319 00:17:37,680 --> 00:17:40,639 Speaker 1: to these men, she shut the whole thing down. Nation 320 00:17:40,720 --> 00:17:43,760 Speaker 1: wrote to the county attorney and the state attorney many 321 00:17:43,760 --> 00:17:47,720 Speaker 1: times to report the sale of alcohol in Kansas. Several 322 00:17:47,760 --> 00:17:50,120 Speaker 1: of the imprisoned men she spoke with in her work 323 00:17:50,160 --> 00:17:55,160 Speaker 1: as a jail evangelists had mentioned getting illegal alcohol in Kiowa, Kansas, 324 00:17:55,680 --> 00:17:58,840 Speaker 1: so she implored in her letters that they considered the 325 00:17:58,920 --> 00:18:03,959 Speaker 1: broken families caused by alcohol. And after a long period 326 00:18:04,000 --> 00:18:06,439 Speaker 1: of writing all of these letters and seeing that nothing 327 00:18:06,480 --> 00:18:10,040 Speaker 1: was being done, Carrie Nation came to the conclusion in 328 00:18:10,160 --> 00:18:12,560 Speaker 1: June of nine hundred that if the authorities would not 329 00:18:12,600 --> 00:18:15,359 Speaker 1: stop the illegal saloons of Kansas, it was up to 330 00:18:15,400 --> 00:18:18,840 Speaker 1: her to enforce the law. This belief was bolstered by 331 00:18:18,880 --> 00:18:21,320 Speaker 1: what she claimed was a divine voice that spoke to 332 00:18:21,359 --> 00:18:24,639 Speaker 1: her one morning. The night before she had turned in 333 00:18:24,680 --> 00:18:28,600 Speaker 1: her frustration to prayer, saying quote, oh Lord, you see 334 00:18:28,680 --> 00:18:32,360 Speaker 1: the treason in Kansas. They're going to break the mother's hearts. 335 00:18:32,440 --> 00:18:35,440 Speaker 1: They are going to send the boys to drunkard's graves 336 00:18:35,480 --> 00:18:39,240 Speaker 1: and a drunkard's hell. I have exhausted all my means. 337 00:18:39,680 --> 00:18:42,679 Speaker 1: Oh Lord, you have plenty of ways. You have used 338 00:18:42,720 --> 00:18:46,199 Speaker 1: the base things and the weak things used me to 339 00:18:46,359 --> 00:18:49,600 Speaker 1: save Kansas. I have but one life to give you. 340 00:18:49,680 --> 00:18:51,920 Speaker 1: If I had a thousand, I would give them all. 341 00:18:52,040 --> 00:18:56,520 Speaker 1: Please show me something to do. And so the next morning, 342 00:18:56,600 --> 00:18:59,480 Speaker 1: that divine voice that we referenced a moment ago, according 343 00:18:59,480 --> 00:19:02,879 Speaker 1: to her, out told her to travel to Kiowa and 344 00:19:02,920 --> 00:19:06,800 Speaker 1: also said very clearly and very firmly, I'll stand by you. 345 00:19:07,400 --> 00:19:10,760 Speaker 1: She acted on this calling by traveling immediately to Kyowa, 346 00:19:10,880 --> 00:19:13,119 Speaker 1: and while driving in her buggy, she had a vision 347 00:19:13,240 --> 00:19:16,560 Speaker 1: of human like creatures with demon faces in her path, 348 00:19:17,080 --> 00:19:19,560 Speaker 1: but she called out to God for help and they fled. 349 00:19:20,280 --> 00:19:23,959 Speaker 1: Later on in her life, she interpreted the vision this way, quote, 350 00:19:24,320 --> 00:19:27,480 Speaker 1: I now know what those creatures were. They were real 351 00:19:27,800 --> 00:19:30,359 Speaker 1: devils that knew more of what I was going to 352 00:19:30,440 --> 00:19:33,119 Speaker 1: do than I did. The devil is a prophet. He 353 00:19:33,160 --> 00:19:35,680 Speaker 1: knew Jesus when he was here, and he knew that 354 00:19:35,720 --> 00:19:38,600 Speaker 1: I came to fulfill prophecy, that this was a death 355 00:19:38,640 --> 00:19:43,320 Speaker 1: blow to his kingdom. Until the next day, in Kayowa, 356 00:19:43,520 --> 00:19:46,040 Speaker 1: she entered a men's club carrying what appeared to be 357 00:19:46,119 --> 00:19:50,200 Speaker 1: several small, paper wrapped parcels, and she addressed the owner 358 00:19:50,280 --> 00:19:53,360 Speaker 1: of this establishment, quote, Mr Dobson, I told you last 359 00:19:53,400 --> 00:19:56,240 Speaker 1: spring to close this place. You did not do it. 360 00:19:56,800 --> 00:20:00,160 Speaker 1: Now I have come down with another remonstrance. Get out 361 00:20:00,160 --> 00:20:01,960 Speaker 1: of the way. I do not want to strike you, 362 00:20:02,040 --> 00:20:04,440 Speaker 1: but I am going to break this place up. As 363 00:20:04,440 --> 00:20:07,720 Speaker 1: it turned out, the parcels were bricks, which she began 364 00:20:07,920 --> 00:20:12,160 Speaker 1: hurling at the Saloons bar area. Nation was not a 365 00:20:12,160 --> 00:20:15,600 Speaker 1: petite woman. I don't know why I had sort of 366 00:20:15,640 --> 00:20:18,320 Speaker 1: thought in my head that she was. She was almost 367 00:20:18,400 --> 00:20:22,000 Speaker 1: because I think she gets characterized as a little old lady, 368 00:20:22,080 --> 00:20:24,720 Speaker 1: and so you think of her as a tiny, petite grandmother. 369 00:20:25,680 --> 00:20:28,879 Speaker 1: And she was formidable. She was almost six ft tall 370 00:20:29,040 --> 00:20:31,560 Speaker 1: and reportedly weigh a hundred and seventy five pounds, and 371 00:20:31,640 --> 00:20:35,040 Speaker 1: she was also very strong. She described a feeling of 372 00:20:35,200 --> 00:20:39,239 Speaker 1: invincibility as she hurled these bricks and said, quote, my 373 00:20:39,359 --> 00:20:43,159 Speaker 1: strength was that of a giant. She was. This is 374 00:20:43,200 --> 00:20:45,639 Speaker 1: not a situation where she just caused a little bit 375 00:20:45,640 --> 00:20:48,400 Speaker 1: of damage. This was a powerful woman literally throwing an 376 00:20:48,520 --> 00:20:52,560 Speaker 1: armload of bricks and she destroyed the place. And she 377 00:20:52,680 --> 00:20:55,800 Speaker 1: proceeded to then repeat this scene in two more Saloons 378 00:20:55,840 --> 00:20:57,920 Speaker 1: that day, and she drew a crowd as she made 379 00:20:57,960 --> 00:21:02,440 Speaker 1: her way through town, and finally, after hitting several places, 380 00:21:02,480 --> 00:21:04,879 Speaker 1: she addressed those who were gathered in the street, quote, 381 00:21:05,119 --> 00:21:07,919 Speaker 1: I have destroyed three of your places of business, and 382 00:21:07,960 --> 00:21:10,480 Speaker 1: if I have broken a statute of Kansas, put me 383 00:21:10,520 --> 00:21:13,440 Speaker 1: in jail. If I am not a lawbreaker, your mayor 384 00:21:13,440 --> 00:21:16,600 Speaker 1: and councilman are you must arrest one of us, for 385 00:21:16,720 --> 00:21:19,560 Speaker 1: if I am not a criminal, they are. As she 386 00:21:19,680 --> 00:21:22,480 Speaker 1: drove her buggy out of Kyowa, she dropped the reins 387 00:21:22,600 --> 00:21:25,679 Speaker 1: and stood up, calling out to the crowd peace on 388 00:21:25,760 --> 00:21:29,160 Speaker 1: earth could will to men. Her smashings had drawn enough 389 00:21:29,160 --> 00:21:32,480 Speaker 1: attention to the illegal dives as she called them, that 390 00:21:32,560 --> 00:21:35,439 Speaker 1: the men who ran them were brought to trial in 391 00:21:35,480 --> 00:21:39,240 Speaker 1: the months that followed, and all of them were found guilty. 392 00:21:40,119 --> 00:21:43,240 Speaker 1: But while Carrie clearly saw the entire chain of events 393 00:21:43,320 --> 00:21:46,320 Speaker 1: as a win for Temperance, not everyone thought she was 394 00:21:46,400 --> 00:21:50,600 Speaker 1: doing great things. The Kiowa paper ran an article that stated, quote, 395 00:21:50,840 --> 00:21:54,000 Speaker 1: the consensus of the public opinion in this city is 396 00:21:54,040 --> 00:21:57,080 Speaker 1: the old lady is of unsound mind and not accountable 397 00:21:57,160 --> 00:21:59,240 Speaker 1: for at least some of her actions, and that she 398 00:21:59,280 --> 00:22:02,280 Speaker 1: should be kept at home by her people. Nation made 399 00:22:02,280 --> 00:22:05,240 Speaker 1: a statement at a convention she hosted not long after 400 00:22:05,280 --> 00:22:08,600 Speaker 1: these events, making it clear that the Women's Christian Temperance 401 00:22:08,720 --> 00:22:12,119 Speaker 1: Union was not responsible for what she had done, and 402 00:22:12,119 --> 00:22:15,600 Speaker 1: that she had acted alone without their knowledge. Because while 403 00:22:15,640 --> 00:22:19,720 Speaker 1: many of the women in the Temperance movement supported Carrie Nation, 404 00:22:20,240 --> 00:22:24,240 Speaker 1: they as an organization understandably did not want to endorse 405 00:22:24,320 --> 00:22:30,320 Speaker 1: her actions. Yes, she uh describes in in her writings 406 00:22:30,680 --> 00:22:34,160 Speaker 1: meeting with another one of the leaders of the Women's 407 00:22:34,280 --> 00:22:37,360 Speaker 1: UH Christian Temperance Union, and and it basically being like, 408 00:22:37,440 --> 00:22:39,640 Speaker 1: you got to say we weren't involved in this, like 409 00:22:39,720 --> 00:22:41,639 Speaker 1: we we support you, but you got to say we 410 00:22:41,640 --> 00:22:44,879 Speaker 1: were no part of this business. And she very was 411 00:22:45,160 --> 00:22:47,680 Speaker 1: completely understood and was happy to oblige in that regard. 412 00:22:48,320 --> 00:22:51,640 Speaker 1: UH Nation was later sued for slander by county attorney 413 00:22:51,680 --> 00:22:54,760 Speaker 1: Sam Griffin. She had stated in the midst of all 414 00:22:54,800 --> 00:22:59,280 Speaker 1: of her her activists run through Kyowa that he took 415 00:22:59,320 --> 00:23:02,760 Speaker 1: bribes to let Saloons continue to operate, and he wanted 416 00:23:02,800 --> 00:23:05,480 Speaker 1: five thousand dollars in damages. Keep in mind, this is 417 00:23:05,520 --> 00:23:08,040 Speaker 1: five thousand dollars in nineteen hundreds, so that is a 418 00:23:08,080 --> 00:23:11,359 Speaker 1: lot of money. Her husband, David Nation, was her lawyer 419 00:23:11,440 --> 00:23:13,480 Speaker 1: in the case. There was a lot of rumbling that 420 00:23:13,520 --> 00:23:15,080 Speaker 1: she was going to get a different lawyer, but those 421 00:23:15,119 --> 00:23:17,800 Speaker 1: never panned out, and so her husband had to represent her. 422 00:23:18,200 --> 00:23:21,200 Speaker 1: And Carrie was actually found guilty, but the amount of 423 00:23:21,280 --> 00:23:24,840 Speaker 1: damages awarded was only one dollar, which Carrie later said 424 00:23:25,280 --> 00:23:28,720 Speaker 1: was all that Sam Griffin's character was worth. And this 425 00:23:28,880 --> 00:23:32,000 Speaker 1: is where we will leave Carrie Nation for today, and 426 00:23:32,119 --> 00:23:35,080 Speaker 1: we will pick back up next time when she really 427 00:23:35,119 --> 00:23:37,920 Speaker 1: gets into the smashing in earnest as if this previous 428 00:23:37,920 --> 00:23:40,640 Speaker 1: smashing was not enough, there will be a lot more smashing. 429 00:23:41,640 --> 00:23:44,640 Speaker 1: She is smash tastic and she calls them smashings, which 430 00:23:44,680 --> 00:23:48,040 Speaker 1: sort of becomes hilarious to me, and that's her name 431 00:23:48,080 --> 00:23:49,760 Speaker 1: for it. I'm trying to figure out if we have 432 00:23:49,920 --> 00:23:53,560 Speaker 1: enough thematically related episodes in our archive to make us 433 00:23:53,560 --> 00:23:58,399 Speaker 1: smashing things, uh, because I know now we have Carrie Nation, 434 00:23:58,640 --> 00:24:04,560 Speaker 1: and um, we have the riot Um where the apprentices 435 00:24:04,600 --> 00:24:08,720 Speaker 1: pulled down all of the houses the right. I gotta 436 00:24:08,760 --> 00:24:11,879 Speaker 1: think if we've got some others for a smashing things tag. 437 00:24:12,119 --> 00:24:17,639 Speaker 1: I'm sure we do destruction. Uh. So I have listener 438 00:24:17,720 --> 00:24:21,320 Speaker 1: mail and it's a gift and it is awesome. So 439 00:24:21,720 --> 00:24:24,720 Speaker 1: this is from our listener. She signs her name Chris, 440 00:24:24,760 --> 00:24:27,840 Speaker 1: but also Heather Christine. She says, Dear Holly and Tracy. 441 00:24:28,080 --> 00:24:30,160 Speaker 1: I feel like this letter should be addressed dear friends, 442 00:24:30,200 --> 00:24:32,480 Speaker 1: because I've been listening to your podcast for years now 443 00:24:32,720 --> 00:24:34,320 Speaker 1: and I feel like you're good friends that I see 444 00:24:34,320 --> 00:24:37,440 Speaker 1: on a regular basis. I'm so grateful for all the time, energy, 445 00:24:37,480 --> 00:24:40,080 Speaker 1: and creativity you both put into the show. I love 446 00:24:40,160 --> 00:24:42,760 Speaker 1: learning history. Because of the both of you, there literally 447 00:24:42,760 --> 00:24:45,159 Speaker 1: could be no greater compliment than that. It's so sweet, 448 00:24:45,240 --> 00:24:47,720 Speaker 1: so Chris says, I like to think of myself with 449 00:24:47,800 --> 00:24:51,000 Speaker 1: grand titles. I am a fiber artist and a toymaker, 450 00:24:51,080 --> 00:24:53,639 Speaker 1: and I love to loom and knit and crochet and teach. 451 00:24:54,200 --> 00:24:56,639 Speaker 1: Listening to your podcast brings out all of my skills, 452 00:24:56,640 --> 00:24:58,520 Speaker 1: So I wanted to send you something in return for 453 00:24:58,560 --> 00:25:01,840 Speaker 1: all of your effort. Open the little containers and then 454 00:25:01,880 --> 00:25:04,640 Speaker 1: open the little cakes to find the gift inside. Your 455 00:25:04,640 --> 00:25:06,879 Speaker 1: show inspired me with thoughts of cake and butter and 456 00:25:06,920 --> 00:25:09,199 Speaker 1: even fashion. I've decided to make a whole line of 457 00:25:09,240 --> 00:25:11,800 Speaker 1: cakes and put them on my Threadbare Bakery at Sea shop. 458 00:25:12,280 --> 00:25:14,040 Speaker 1: As I sit here writing this letter, it's hard to 459 00:25:14,080 --> 00:25:15,679 Speaker 1: find the words that I wanted to say to let 460 00:25:15,680 --> 00:25:17,919 Speaker 1: you know how much you are appreciated. What you do 461 00:25:18,000 --> 00:25:20,439 Speaker 1: is so important. I even get my husband and my 462 00:25:20,480 --> 00:25:22,640 Speaker 1: son to listen to your shows occasionally, and they both 463 00:25:22,640 --> 00:25:25,040 Speaker 1: always enjoy learning from you. Thank you for providing a 464 00:25:25,080 --> 00:25:28,000 Speaker 1: safe place for my family to learn from humanities, triumphs 465 00:25:28,000 --> 00:25:31,920 Speaker 1: and failures alike. So sweet, but oh my goodness, these things, 466 00:25:31,920 --> 00:25:33,920 Speaker 1: she said. Okay, Tracy, can you see this. I'm holding 467 00:25:33,920 --> 00:25:35,520 Speaker 1: this up to our camera since we are on a 468 00:25:35,520 --> 00:25:38,560 Speaker 1: little skype thing. It looks like a tiny cake. It's 469 00:25:38,560 --> 00:25:41,360 Speaker 1: a teeny tiny cake on a little teeny tiny cake 470 00:25:41,400 --> 00:25:44,720 Speaker 1: serving tray. But wait, it's a beautiful little crocheted cake. 471 00:25:45,160 --> 00:25:46,760 Speaker 1: There are two, so there's one for each of us. 472 00:25:47,119 --> 00:25:49,440 Speaker 1: And then you can take the cake out and then 473 00:25:49,520 --> 00:25:53,000 Speaker 1: you open up the cake. I know, it's amazing. Like 474 00:25:53,040 --> 00:25:54,280 Speaker 1: I took it out of the box and I was 475 00:25:54,280 --> 00:25:56,119 Speaker 1: delighted that it was a tiny cake. But then she 476 00:25:56,240 --> 00:25:58,240 Speaker 1: wrote that we had to open it and then inside 477 00:25:58,320 --> 00:26:03,040 Speaker 1: is a little bitty bom so sweet. That's beautiful, it 478 00:26:03,160 --> 00:26:05,520 Speaker 1: really is. This is like so up my alley. Tiny 479 00:26:05,600 --> 00:26:07,800 Speaker 1: things are like a drug to me. I love them 480 00:26:08,359 --> 00:26:12,920 Speaker 1: so uh and tiny little frilly things that look like dessert. 481 00:26:13,240 --> 00:26:16,400 Speaker 1: Oh my goodness, what a delight. So um that is Chris. 482 00:26:16,400 --> 00:26:19,320 Speaker 1: We will also put a link to her little Etsy 483 00:26:19,359 --> 00:26:21,440 Speaker 1: shops so you can see similar things that she makes. 484 00:26:21,480 --> 00:26:24,080 Speaker 1: In our show notes. Um, thank you, thank you, thank you, 485 00:26:24,160 --> 00:26:28,480 Speaker 1: thank you. This is the cutest thing. And today's my 486 00:26:28,520 --> 00:26:31,040 Speaker 1: first day back in the office after doing some traveling, 487 00:26:31,040 --> 00:26:33,960 Speaker 1: and this is like the best gift to come. While 488 00:26:33,960 --> 00:26:36,399 Speaker 1: we're on the subject of gifts. I do want to 489 00:26:36,480 --> 00:26:40,320 Speaker 1: report that my Kentucky Derby mint Julip glass did make 490 00:26:40,359 --> 00:26:47,199 Speaker 1: it back to Boston in one piece. They made the 491 00:26:47,600 --> 00:26:49,760 Speaker 1: you made it to Atlanta in one piece, and then 492 00:26:49,800 --> 00:26:51,720 Speaker 1: my one made it back with me in one piece. 493 00:26:52,440 --> 00:26:54,439 Speaker 1: I know. I feel like we've defied all the odds 494 00:26:54,440 --> 00:26:58,840 Speaker 1: of glass travel. UH. 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