1 00:00:08,600 --> 00:00:11,880 Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to food Stuff. I'm Lauren Vogelbon and 2 00:00:11,920 --> 00:00:17,640 Speaker 1: I'm Annie Reese, and today we're talking about cranberries. Yes, cranberries. 3 00:00:18,640 --> 00:00:23,160 Speaker 1: It's a seasonal, festive topic here in the United States anyway. Yeah, 4 00:00:23,200 --> 00:00:26,159 Speaker 1: and pretty much only in the US and Canada. I 5 00:00:26,239 --> 00:00:29,479 Speaker 1: was very surprised to learn that. Well, we'll talk about 6 00:00:29,520 --> 00:00:32,760 Speaker 1: that more later, but well, they are native to North America. 7 00:00:32,800 --> 00:00:35,840 Speaker 1: I think that probably helps. It does, it does, and 8 00:00:36,120 --> 00:00:38,519 Speaker 1: we're crazy about them for one tiny part of the 9 00:00:38,600 --> 00:00:41,680 Speaker 1: year and then forget that. Nobody cares. What is this 10 00:00:41,880 --> 00:00:43,720 Speaker 1: tart berry? We don't want anything to do with it. 11 00:00:44,640 --> 00:00:48,840 Speaker 1: Oh and speaking of what are cranberries, Lauren, cranberries are berries. 12 00:00:50,120 --> 00:00:52,279 Speaker 1: I know it sounds sort of dub when I say 13 00:00:52,320 --> 00:00:54,680 Speaker 1: it that way, but after pineapple and sweetbreads, I felt 14 00:00:54,720 --> 00:00:57,400 Speaker 1: like I should really specify. They are the fruit of 15 00:00:57,400 --> 00:01:01,360 Speaker 1: a couple of trailing viney shrub by the scientific names 16 00:01:01,600 --> 00:01:07,800 Speaker 1: Vaccinium oxycoccus and Vaccinium macro carbon um, although the latter 17 00:01:08,120 --> 00:01:11,960 Speaker 1: the large cranberry that macro um is much more common. 18 00:01:12,480 --> 00:01:14,600 Speaker 1: A Vaccinium, by the way, is the same genus that 19 00:01:14,680 --> 00:01:18,200 Speaker 1: blueberries are in there. They're pretty closely related. In case 20 00:01:18,240 --> 00:01:21,560 Speaker 1: you've never seen a cranberry or never worked with raw ones, 21 00:01:21,680 --> 00:01:25,360 Speaker 1: which you know, I think in some parts of America 22 00:01:25,400 --> 00:01:29,000 Speaker 1: the conception of a cranberry is just this tin can 23 00:01:29,160 --> 00:01:34,120 Speaker 1: shaped jelly, are dried things you might find in your salad. Sure, um, 24 00:01:34,360 --> 00:01:37,200 Speaker 1: cranberries are are we things an oval about half an 25 00:01:37,240 --> 00:01:40,600 Speaker 1: inch long. It's about ten millimeters with bright red or 26 00:01:40,680 --> 00:01:43,440 Speaker 1: pink skin and white flesh and side containing these time 27 00:01:43,560 --> 00:01:46,360 Speaker 1: and little seeds. Um. They are very tart and a 28 00:01:46,400 --> 00:01:49,320 Speaker 1: little bit bitter. So although they can be eaten raw, 29 00:01:49,640 --> 00:01:53,800 Speaker 1: they're usually cooked and sweetened. There are a few unrelated 30 00:01:53,800 --> 00:01:58,080 Speaker 1: species of shrubs that bear similar looking and sometimes similar 31 00:01:58,120 --> 00:02:03,919 Speaker 1: tasting fruit in the Viburnum genus that are commonly called 32 00:02:03,960 --> 00:02:08,240 Speaker 1: cranberry bushes. But they are not They're not cranberries. They 33 00:02:08,240 --> 00:02:11,520 Speaker 1: are totally different plant. Not even a berry has to 34 00:02:11,520 --> 00:02:14,920 Speaker 1: be handled differently. Not not what we're talking about here today. 35 00:02:15,080 --> 00:02:17,280 Speaker 1: Why did they try to trifles up with these things? 36 00:02:17,440 --> 00:02:20,600 Speaker 1: They they look so similar, let's call it the same thing? Yeah, 37 00:02:20,639 --> 00:02:26,120 Speaker 1: you know, okay, sure, thanks history. True cranberries, as we've 38 00:02:26,160 --> 00:02:28,520 Speaker 1: already said, our native to North America, but have been 39 00:02:28,520 --> 00:02:32,840 Speaker 1: cultivated in Europe and Chile. And cranberry bush species are 40 00:02:32,960 --> 00:02:36,600 Speaker 1: native to parts of Europe and Asia and Africa. True 41 00:02:36,600 --> 00:02:41,240 Speaker 1: cranberries grow in bogs. Bogs, I get to talk about bogs. 42 00:02:41,240 --> 00:02:44,680 Speaker 1: These are great, fascinating ecosystems. Okay. The first thing you 43 00:02:44,720 --> 00:02:48,239 Speaker 1: need to make a bog is a glacier. Of course, 44 00:02:48,480 --> 00:02:50,639 Speaker 1: about ten thousand years ago, towards the end of the 45 00:02:50,720 --> 00:02:53,840 Speaker 1: last Ice Age, the glaciers that had descended upon the 46 00:02:53,919 --> 00:02:57,679 Speaker 1: land began to to separate and recede. Bits of them 47 00:02:57,760 --> 00:03:00,519 Speaker 1: would get caught in depressions in the land gape, and 48 00:03:00,520 --> 00:03:03,720 Speaker 1: and as they melted, if those depressions happened to be 49 00:03:03,800 --> 00:03:08,280 Speaker 1: lined with impermeable clay, they wound up forming small lakes 50 00:03:08,320 --> 00:03:13,000 Speaker 1: and or large ponds that are called kettle holes. Over time, 51 00:03:13,240 --> 00:03:17,080 Speaker 1: these kettle holes collect sediments, and they attract particular plants 52 00:03:17,120 --> 00:03:20,600 Speaker 1: that further specialize the environment. You've got, you've got peat deposits, 53 00:03:20,600 --> 00:03:23,480 Speaker 1: You've got thick moss and acidic water that is low 54 00:03:23,560 --> 00:03:28,359 Speaker 1: in oxygen. Cranberries happen to love this. What doesn't love 55 00:03:28,360 --> 00:03:31,480 Speaker 1: this is bacteria and fungi. And that is why some 56 00:03:31,560 --> 00:03:35,080 Speaker 1: amazingly preserved specimens of ancient humans and other animals have 57 00:03:35,120 --> 00:03:37,880 Speaker 1: been found in bogs. Yea that the micro critters that 58 00:03:38,000 --> 00:03:41,320 Speaker 1: usually break things down can't really live there, so you 59 00:03:41,400 --> 00:03:45,040 Speaker 1: get good. You get good fossilized stuff, or not necessarily 60 00:03:45,080 --> 00:03:48,440 Speaker 1: fossilized but preserved in many ways like blog butter, bog butter. 61 00:03:49,240 --> 00:03:51,680 Speaker 1: Oh right, okay, bringing it back to butter. Thank you. 62 00:03:52,520 --> 00:03:54,960 Speaker 1: Cranberries are another food that have gone by a handful 63 00:03:55,000 --> 00:03:57,680 Speaker 1: of fun names throughout their history, like finn wort and 64 00:03:57,800 --> 00:04:03,160 Speaker 1: war short marsh berry, marshwart not a thing that does 65 00:04:03,200 --> 00:04:06,640 Speaker 1: not sound you imagine buying marshwart in the grocery store. 66 00:04:06,720 --> 00:04:09,440 Speaker 1: I mean, I can that sounds like you're making a potion. Yeah. 67 00:04:09,720 --> 00:04:14,320 Speaker 1: The Native Americans called them sasamanesh are in beanie, which 68 00:04:14,360 --> 00:04:19,080 Speaker 1: translated to bitter or sourberry, and this can make tracking 69 00:04:19,120 --> 00:04:22,000 Speaker 1: them in historical documents and recipes difficult. Like a lot 70 00:04:22,000 --> 00:04:25,440 Speaker 1: of things we talked about, the word cranberry itself, a 71 00:04:25,440 --> 00:04:30,200 Speaker 1: translation of the German craneberry, referenced its long beak like 72 00:04:30,360 --> 00:04:33,279 Speaker 1: stocks that kind of looked like cranes um, and it 73 00:04:33,279 --> 00:04:37,560 Speaker 1: didn't appear until late seventeenth century America and was probably 74 00:04:37,600 --> 00:04:41,680 Speaker 1: again based on things that weren't cranberries at all. Ye, 75 00:04:42,760 --> 00:04:46,600 Speaker 1: totally correct. Um. Today, the granberry industry is valued around 76 00:04:46,800 --> 00:04:49,360 Speaker 1: three million, with the U. S. And Canada accounting for 77 00:04:49,520 --> 00:04:54,000 Speaker 1: nineties of production. Yeah, and it's the state fruit of 78 00:04:54,040 --> 00:04:59,119 Speaker 1: Wisconsin and Massachusetts, and Wisconsin and Washington State have cranberry museums. 79 00:04:59,120 --> 00:05:01,800 Speaker 1: Oh their field chirp opportunity. I know, if you're in 80 00:05:01,839 --> 00:05:04,760 Speaker 1: one of those states and I visited, or you should 81 00:05:04,839 --> 00:05:08,760 Speaker 1: go visit and write in and tell us what they're like. Yeah. Meanwhile, 82 00:05:08,800 --> 00:05:13,720 Speaker 1: As Americans consume about four hundred million pounds of cranberries 83 00:05:13,720 --> 00:05:19,560 Speaker 1: a year, primarily is juice. Yes, and of that consumption 84 00:05:19,600 --> 00:05:23,920 Speaker 1: occurs during the Thanksgiving season. Only five percent of cranberries 85 00:05:23,960 --> 00:05:26,360 Speaker 1: are sold as the whole fruit. The rest is all 86 00:05:26,560 --> 00:05:30,120 Speaker 1: processed stuff. Yeah, it's a terrible shame. I love fresh cranberries. 87 00:05:30,240 --> 00:05:32,640 Speaker 1: I know, I have only had them recently, and I 88 00:05:32,720 --> 00:05:35,000 Speaker 1: was like, have I gone so long only knowing the 89 00:05:35,080 --> 00:05:38,760 Speaker 1: jellied stuff? Anyway, how did we get to this point? 90 00:05:38,800 --> 00:05:41,560 Speaker 1: Let's look at the history. Over four dred years ago, 91 00:05:41,600 --> 00:05:44,960 Speaker 1: the Native Americans were using cranberries a variety of ways. Um. 92 00:05:45,000 --> 00:05:47,200 Speaker 1: Apart from eating them straight or as a sweet sauce, 93 00:05:47,200 --> 00:05:49,359 Speaker 1: they dry them out and make them into cakes or 94 00:05:49,400 --> 00:05:52,960 Speaker 1: mix them with dried vedicine and animal fat for pemmican, 95 00:05:53,560 --> 00:05:56,080 Speaker 1: a portable and long lasting food that often served as 96 00:05:56,080 --> 00:05:59,039 Speaker 1: a primary calorie source on winter trading routes and could 97 00:05:59,040 --> 00:06:02,039 Speaker 1: be treated itself as a commodity. I think about it 98 00:06:02,040 --> 00:06:04,279 Speaker 1: as sort of like a like a protein bar of 99 00:06:04,320 --> 00:06:07,279 Speaker 1: the ancient days. I think it's often called like the original, 100 00:06:07,400 --> 00:06:10,200 Speaker 1: the first protein bar. Yeah, yeah, jerky and cranberries. I 101 00:06:10,200 --> 00:06:12,480 Speaker 1: would definitely eat that protein bar. Oh yeah, me too. 102 00:06:12,720 --> 00:06:15,560 Speaker 1: And the importance of pemicon for winter traders led to 103 00:06:15,960 --> 00:06:19,599 Speaker 1: the Battle of Seven Oaks in eighteen sixteen. After in 104 00:06:19,680 --> 00:06:23,040 Speaker 1: eighteen fourteen, the Red River Colonies governor tried to keep 105 00:06:23,080 --> 00:06:29,239 Speaker 1: the Matisse from exporting pemmicon through the Pemicon Proclamation. Pemicon Proclamation. Yeah, 106 00:06:29,279 --> 00:06:31,680 Speaker 1: he was worried there wouldn't be enough food to feed 107 00:06:31,720 --> 00:06:34,839 Speaker 1: the settlers without it, but also wanted to help out 108 00:06:34,839 --> 00:06:37,440 Speaker 1: the Hudson Bay Companies for Trade at the extent of 109 00:06:37,440 --> 00:06:42,680 Speaker 1: the Northwest Companies for Trade. Yeah, and the Matis believed 110 00:06:42,720 --> 00:06:45,560 Speaker 1: he was trying to kill their trade, which legitimately um 111 00:06:45,600 --> 00:06:48,839 Speaker 1: After after a series of skirmishes and rising tensions, the 112 00:06:48,839 --> 00:06:52,080 Speaker 1: Matise and the Northwest Company for Traders joined forces to 113 00:06:52,160 --> 00:06:56,880 Speaker 1: attack Red River Colony in response, and twenty two people died. Yeah, 114 00:06:57,000 --> 00:07:00,960 Speaker 1: so pretty important, pretty important pomcon. Yeah. Cranberries were also 115 00:07:01,160 --> 00:07:04,640 Speaker 1: used other than food and teas and as the leaves 116 00:07:04,640 --> 00:07:08,440 Speaker 1: as a tobacco substitute. They worked well as a die 117 00:07:08,680 --> 00:07:11,520 Speaker 1: and as a bait in traps laid for hairs. The 118 00:07:11,600 --> 00:07:15,000 Speaker 1: Native Americans utilized cranberries and poultices to speed up the 119 00:07:15,000 --> 00:07:18,280 Speaker 1: healing of wounds and tumors, which may or may not 120 00:07:18,520 --> 00:07:22,000 Speaker 1: have provided some benefit due to the cranberry compound that 121 00:07:22,080 --> 00:07:25,400 Speaker 1: keeps e coli and staff from glomming onto tissue walls, 122 00:07:25,840 --> 00:07:28,560 Speaker 1: cell walls. Um. Some traps used it for bladder and 123 00:07:28,640 --> 00:07:31,720 Speaker 1: kidney problems. You've probably heard this yourself, and we will 124 00:07:31,760 --> 00:07:35,000 Speaker 1: be talking more about that later. Absolutely um, digestive problems, 125 00:07:35,040 --> 00:07:41,960 Speaker 1: and childbirth related issues. European settlers quickly subed cranberries interestipes 126 00:07:42,040 --> 00:07:45,960 Speaker 1: using similar berries, mostly sauces, jams, and jellies that often 127 00:07:46,000 --> 00:07:50,160 Speaker 1: appeared alongside meat. Cranberries contain a lot of pectin, which 128 00:07:50,200 --> 00:07:53,400 Speaker 1: is one of those natural jelling agents that that helps 129 00:07:53,480 --> 00:07:55,600 Speaker 1: make stuff without having to mess with, you know, like 130 00:07:55,960 --> 00:08:01,000 Speaker 1: boiling an entire calf's leg. Right, The naturalistidity helps absolutely 131 00:08:01,000 --> 00:08:05,560 Speaker 1: concentuate the meat. By the sixteen hundreds, North American cranberries 132 00:08:05,600 --> 00:08:08,200 Speaker 1: were being used as a cure for scurvy for the 133 00:08:08,320 --> 00:08:11,400 Speaker 1: sailors transverse in the Atlantic back to Europe. It was 134 00:08:11,440 --> 00:08:15,080 Speaker 1: believed the so harness pulled the salt from the body. 135 00:08:15,120 --> 00:08:18,280 Speaker 1: But we know today this worked due to the vitamin 136 00:08:18,360 --> 00:08:22,440 Speaker 1: C and cranberries, because scurvy is a vitamin C deficiency. Yeah, 137 00:08:22,640 --> 00:08:25,280 Speaker 1: the pilgrims would most likely be familiar with the smaller 138 00:08:25,480 --> 00:08:29,080 Speaker 1: wild European cranberry that grew in bogs and marshes in England. 139 00:08:29,200 --> 00:08:32,200 Speaker 1: Not the same thing, but looks similar. Um northern Europe 140 00:08:32,240 --> 00:08:35,360 Speaker 1: and even parts of Siberia that's where it all grew 141 00:08:35,400 --> 00:08:39,520 Speaker 1: and and Siberia. They stored these cranberries and barrels of 142 00:08:39,559 --> 00:08:42,720 Speaker 1: water during the winter, and they would eat them during 143 00:08:42,720 --> 00:08:45,680 Speaker 1: the spring. Yeah, if you keep them refrigerated, cranberries lasted 144 00:08:45,720 --> 00:08:48,960 Speaker 1: a good couple of months. Yeah, they'd chilling out. Literally, 145 00:08:49,960 --> 00:08:52,800 Speaker 1: didn't even mean that, boy, Bonus points for the waxy 146 00:08:52,840 --> 00:08:55,480 Speaker 1: film on cranberries that could help keep them for weeks. Yeah, 147 00:08:56,200 --> 00:08:59,320 Speaker 1: and bees, I love it. Whenever history and whenever history 148 00:08:59,360 --> 00:09:01,760 Speaker 1: talks about base I know, and I believe we've mentioned 149 00:09:01,800 --> 00:09:05,800 Speaker 1: this before, but in two bees from Britain arrived and 150 00:09:06,040 --> 00:09:09,640 Speaker 1: transformed the way the colonists could use fruit. Now, with 151 00:09:09,679 --> 00:09:14,240 Speaker 1: a more readily available form of sweetener honey, yep, cranberries 152 00:09:14,280 --> 00:09:18,920 Speaker 1: start poffing up in tarts and pies. Cranberries popularity skyrockets, 153 00:09:18,960 --> 00:09:23,240 Speaker 1: so much so that nineteenth century Boston satirist William Tudor wrote, 154 00:09:23,600 --> 00:09:26,840 Speaker 1: cranberry is eaten with almost every species of roasted meat, 155 00:09:27,000 --> 00:09:30,560 Speaker 1: particularly the white meats, turkeys, etcetera. Some even eat it 156 00:09:30,559 --> 00:09:32,880 Speaker 1: with boiled fish. And I knew one person otherwise, a 157 00:09:33,000 --> 00:09:39,640 Speaker 1: very worthy man who eats it with lobsters for supper. Oh, outrageous, outrageous. 158 00:09:41,600 --> 00:09:45,120 Speaker 1: European cookbooks like The Experienced English Housekeeper and London Art 159 00:09:45,120 --> 00:09:49,120 Speaker 1: of Cookery in the seventeen hundreds gave recommendations on cranberry storage. 160 00:09:49,679 --> 00:09:53,000 Speaker 1: In the frequently mentioned seventeen nineties six cookbook American Cookery, 161 00:09:53,320 --> 00:09:57,000 Speaker 1: A Milia Simmons suggested for cranberry tarts and pies that 162 00:09:57,080 --> 00:09:59,920 Speaker 1: they be stewed, strained and sweetened, put into a pay 163 00:10:00,200 --> 00:10:05,480 Speaker 1: and big gently mhm. Meanwhile, in eighteen sixteen we get 164 00:10:05,520 --> 00:10:11,000 Speaker 1: our first instant instance of cranberry cultivation. A Massachusetts Revolutionary 165 00:10:11,000 --> 00:10:13,680 Speaker 1: War veteran by the name of Henry Hall observed that 166 00:10:14,120 --> 00:10:17,520 Speaker 1: cranberries in his bog grew faster when they were exposed 167 00:10:17,600 --> 00:10:20,840 Speaker 1: to sand blown off of nearby dunes, and that gave 168 00:10:20,960 --> 00:10:23,679 Speaker 1: him the idea to transplant some cranberry vines to an 169 00:10:23,720 --> 00:10:27,200 Speaker 1: area that he had fenced off, drained and sanded. The 170 00:10:27,320 --> 00:10:31,240 Speaker 1: vines became much more fruitful of producing a variety of types, 171 00:10:31,360 --> 00:10:35,640 Speaker 1: some of which Hall called jumbo mm HM. New York 172 00:10:35,720 --> 00:10:39,880 Speaker 1: City and Boston enjoyed shipments of Hall's cranberries by eighteen twenty, 173 00:10:40,120 --> 00:10:43,400 Speaker 1: and others in the Cape Cod areas started making cran 174 00:10:43,440 --> 00:10:46,480 Speaker 1: merry yards of their own. It was around this time 175 00:10:46,480 --> 00:10:49,400 Speaker 1: in Massachusetts that early black and house were selected as 176 00:10:49,440 --> 00:10:53,400 Speaker 1: the two main cultivars, and New Jersey began cultivating cranberries 177 00:10:53,440 --> 00:10:57,800 Speaker 1: in eighteen thirty five, Wisconsin in eighteen three in Oregon. 178 00:10:57,800 --> 00:11:00,439 Speaker 1: In Washington, towards the end of the century, while the 179 00:11:00,679 --> 00:11:05,080 Speaker 1: price of granulated sugar was decreasing, and this coincided with 180 00:11:05,200 --> 00:11:10,560 Speaker 1: the increased availability of cranberries, meaning that more housewives purchased 181 00:11:10,640 --> 00:11:14,000 Speaker 1: them as they could now afford to sweeten them with sugar. Right, 182 00:11:14,640 --> 00:11:17,720 Speaker 1: and sea captains familiar with cranberries due to the whole 183 00:11:17,760 --> 00:11:21,760 Speaker 1: scurvy prevention thing got in on the cranberry bog action 184 00:11:21,800 --> 00:11:24,680 Speaker 1: as well, some financing them two locals in a similar 185 00:11:24,720 --> 00:11:27,720 Speaker 1: manner they had done with their ships. The financing. Some 186 00:11:27,840 --> 00:11:30,760 Speaker 1: of these bogs were passed down for generations, and since 187 00:11:30,800 --> 00:11:33,360 Speaker 1: cranberry vines live so long, some are thought to be 188 00:11:33,400 --> 00:11:37,760 Speaker 1: the first vines planted. Boston would become the major marketing 189 00:11:37,840 --> 00:11:42,400 Speaker 1: and shipping hub for cranberries, and uh when shipped greater distances, 190 00:11:42,600 --> 00:11:45,720 Speaker 1: up to one hundred pounds of cranberries were packed in 191 00:11:45,760 --> 00:11:49,640 Speaker 1: barrels of water, and this barrel became the standard measurement 192 00:11:49,960 --> 00:11:54,360 Speaker 1: for cranberries still is today, I believe. So these barrels 193 00:11:54,400 --> 00:11:59,080 Speaker 1: of cranberries would become available starting in the fall, ready 194 00:11:59,320 --> 00:12:03,080 Speaker 1: for when your celebrations. But how exactly did they become 195 00:12:03,320 --> 00:12:06,520 Speaker 1: such a well known part of North American winter celebrations. 196 00:12:06,960 --> 00:12:09,319 Speaker 1: We'll find out right after we take a quick break 197 00:12:09,360 --> 00:12:22,280 Speaker 1: for a word from our sponsor, and we're back, Thank you, sponsor. 198 00:12:23,200 --> 00:12:25,840 Speaker 1: So the association of cran bears with Christmas probably began 199 00:12:25,880 --> 00:12:29,640 Speaker 1: as early as the first American Christmas trees in the 200 00:12:29,640 --> 00:12:35,480 Speaker 1: eighteen forties, which were traditionally decorated with sweetmeats, not sweetbreads, fruits, 201 00:12:35,840 --> 00:12:38,560 Speaker 1: nuts and the like. Um, and it's only natural that 202 00:12:38,760 --> 00:12:42,160 Speaker 1: the bright red berry that's available around this time would 203 00:12:42,240 --> 00:12:44,839 Speaker 1: lend itself to such a decoration. Also, since they're kind 204 00:12:44,840 --> 00:12:47,400 Speaker 1: of sturdy, you can string them on a string as 205 00:12:47,440 --> 00:12:50,360 Speaker 1: opposed to other things that you would string them on. Sure, 206 00:12:50,760 --> 00:12:52,760 Speaker 1: uh strings, string them on a string and hanging them up, 207 00:12:52,760 --> 00:12:55,960 Speaker 1: and they'll they'll remain pretty okay for for a while. Yeah. 208 00:12:56,760 --> 00:12:59,960 Speaker 1: In eighteen sixty eight, Queen Victoria's book reference to Pie 209 00:13:00,040 --> 00:13:03,560 Speaker 1: with good tart of cranberries, she had a dinner in Scotland, 210 00:13:03,960 --> 00:13:08,240 Speaker 1: so they'd made it over there. And Reverend Benjamin Eastwood's 211 00:13:08,240 --> 00:13:11,439 Speaker 1: book on cranberry cultivation helped grow the industry even further, 212 00:13:11,559 --> 00:13:16,560 Speaker 1: as did the expansion of yes after the Civil War. 213 00:13:16,720 --> 00:13:20,960 Speaker 1: Something some historians have given the name cranberry fever took 214 00:13:21,000 --> 00:13:27,000 Speaker 1: the country by storm. Everything's a fever. In eighteen seventy one, 215 00:13:27,040 --> 00:13:31,120 Speaker 1: the first Cranberry Girls Association coalest the eighties innovation of 216 00:13:31,200 --> 00:13:35,480 Speaker 1: Wooden cranberry scoops with improvements in sorting and screening up 217 00:13:35,480 --> 00:13:38,760 Speaker 1: to production, and with dollar bill signs in their eyes. 218 00:13:38,840 --> 00:13:43,240 Speaker 1: Amateurs rushed into the cranberry business. Promises of cranberry money 219 00:13:43,280 --> 00:13:46,080 Speaker 1: pouring in did not come to fruition in most cases, 220 00:13:46,080 --> 00:13:49,360 Speaker 1: and a majority lost their money. Yeah, there was a 221 00:13:49,360 --> 00:13:51,560 Speaker 1: real craze going on, and it's like the gold Rush, 222 00:13:51,640 --> 00:13:55,640 Speaker 1: but with berries. She saw it described that way. Cranberry 223 00:13:55,720 --> 00:13:59,040 Speaker 1: bog spread to Wisconsin and New England, which they both 224 00:13:59,040 --> 00:14:03,160 Speaker 1: surpassed Message U sits in production UM and by nine hundred, 225 00:14:03,320 --> 00:14:06,880 Speaker 1: twenty one thousand, five hundred acres were used to produce 226 00:14:07,080 --> 00:14:10,440 Speaker 1: the berry. Massachusetts was not out of the game, though 227 00:14:10,640 --> 00:14:14,440 Speaker 1: not by a long shot. Cape Cod became a household name, 228 00:14:14,559 --> 00:14:17,839 Speaker 1: and up until nineteen seven, children of the state might 229 00:14:17,880 --> 00:14:20,400 Speaker 1: be excused from school to go help out with the 230 00:14:20,400 --> 00:14:25,280 Speaker 1: cranberry harvest every year. Yeah, serious business. In nineteen o 231 00:14:25,400 --> 00:14:28,560 Speaker 1: seven we saw the force the first formation of the 232 00:14:28,640 --> 00:14:33,000 Speaker 1: first cranberry marketing cooperative, the New England Sales Company. Three 233 00:14:33,080 --> 00:14:36,560 Speaker 1: years later, in nineteen ten, Massachusetts got the University of 234 00:14:36,640 --> 00:14:41,160 Speaker 1: Massachusetts Cranberry Research Station. Yeah. Very intrigued by that. The 235 00:14:41,240 --> 00:14:45,720 Speaker 1: first mechanical cranberry picker arrived in nineteen twenty and in 236 00:14:45,840 --> 00:14:49,040 Speaker 1: nineteen thirty as the cranberry industry was peaking with twenty 237 00:14:49,120 --> 00:14:53,440 Speaker 1: seven thousand, six hundred forty acres. Ocean Spray. Cranberries Inc. 238 00:14:54,000 --> 00:15:00,160 Speaker 1: Stepped in with a marketing cooperative owned by growers. The 239 00:15:00,240 --> 00:15:04,360 Speaker 1: Great Depression, as you would probably guess, depressed cranberries. Crazy 240 00:15:04,400 --> 00:15:09,640 Speaker 1: growth and disease also decreased growth further. In the nineteen forties, 241 00:15:10,120 --> 00:15:14,560 Speaker 1: in hand scooping was almost a universally replaced by a 242 00:15:14,640 --> 00:15:18,440 Speaker 1: mechanical walk behind harvester um. These days this is called 243 00:15:18,560 --> 00:15:22,320 Speaker 1: dry harvesting and sometimes uses a helicopter to transport the 244 00:15:22,360 --> 00:15:25,960 Speaker 1: berries from the bog without hurting the vines. Then, in 245 00:15:26,000 --> 00:15:29,840 Speaker 1: the early nineteen fifties, as refrigerators electric refrigerators that is, 246 00:15:29,880 --> 00:15:33,600 Speaker 1: became a thing, housewives began freezing cranberries to last throughout 247 00:15:33,720 --> 00:15:36,920 Speaker 1: the year, thanks to Cranberries dot Org by the way 248 00:15:36,960 --> 00:15:41,360 Speaker 1: for this handy dandy timeline, super handy dandy. Cranberries primarily 249 00:15:41,440 --> 00:15:45,080 Speaker 1: came as juice, jelly or gelatin until after World War Two, 250 00:15:45,400 --> 00:15:47,560 Speaker 1: when people started to use the fresh stuff, especially around 251 00:15:47,600 --> 00:15:50,440 Speaker 1: the holidays and with that refrigeration um. But this was 252 00:15:50,480 --> 00:15:55,560 Speaker 1: still the minority of cranberry usage. But then, but then 253 00:15:56,400 --> 00:16:00,680 Speaker 1: dune done yes disaster struck with the cranberrys scare of 254 00:16:00,880 --> 00:16:04,880 Speaker 1: nineteen fifty nine. Cranberry scared. First there's a craze, and 255 00:16:04,920 --> 00:16:08,200 Speaker 1: then there's a scare. When Secretary of the U s 256 00:16:08,240 --> 00:16:11,720 Speaker 1: Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Arthur Fleming announced to 257 00:16:11,720 --> 00:16:16,280 Speaker 1: the country that some cranberries had been exposed to amino triazle, 258 00:16:16,840 --> 00:16:21,920 Speaker 1: a suspected carcinogenic used as an herbicide. This was a 259 00:16:21,960 --> 00:16:26,239 Speaker 1: severe blow, severe like how severe like? Sales of cranberries 260 00:16:26,280 --> 00:16:31,080 Speaker 1: plummeted by seventy percent. Some consider this the first major 261 00:16:31,200 --> 00:16:35,160 Speaker 1: cancer scare in the US traspect to cranberries. I never 262 00:16:35,160 --> 00:16:37,560 Speaker 1: would have guessed. Yeah. Yeah. It was only a small 263 00:16:37,640 --> 00:16:41,280 Speaker 1: number of cranberries harvested in Oregon, but cranberries had to 264 00:16:41,280 --> 00:16:44,400 Speaker 1: be destroyed, and the massive resulting price decline meant that 265 00:16:44,480 --> 00:16:47,040 Speaker 1: a lot of acres devoted to cranberry acreage had to 266 00:16:47,040 --> 00:16:49,680 Speaker 1: be shut down, and it took almost a decade for 267 00:16:49,680 --> 00:16:53,840 Speaker 1: the industry to bounce back. Farmers figured out um water 268 00:16:53,920 --> 00:16:57,800 Speaker 1: harvesting in the nineteen sixties and most bogs implemented the practice, 269 00:16:57,840 --> 00:17:02,720 Speaker 1: which allowed for more growth and diversification to eventually lead 270 00:17:02,760 --> 00:17:11,040 Speaker 1: to the release of ocean sperries. Crazins. Crazins, Yep, I'm 271 00:17:11,040 --> 00:17:12,639 Speaker 1: still let sure that I approve of that of that 272 00:17:12,760 --> 00:17:17,280 Speaker 1: minor pun. No, I have to think about it further. 273 00:17:19,280 --> 00:17:24,680 Speaker 1: You're allowed for from form your own opinions. Water harvesting 274 00:17:25,280 --> 00:17:29,280 Speaker 1: entailed pumping about eighteen inches that's about forty of water 275 00:17:29,680 --> 00:17:33,560 Speaker 1: into a dry cranberry bog. And the day after this, 276 00:17:33,640 --> 00:17:37,800 Speaker 1: the cranberries are harvested using these water reels called egg 277 00:17:37,840 --> 00:17:41,000 Speaker 1: beaters that pull the cranberries from the vines and and 278 00:17:41,080 --> 00:17:44,320 Speaker 1: thanks to this air pocket that is naturally in the 279 00:17:44,320 --> 00:17:47,359 Speaker 1: berry around the around the seeds, the berries float to 280 00:17:47,359 --> 00:17:49,920 Speaker 1: the surface ready to be scooped up with a big 281 00:17:49,960 --> 00:17:53,520 Speaker 1: plastic or wooden brooms. They're then cleaned and processed, and 282 00:17:53,760 --> 00:17:57,520 Speaker 1: we now get of our cranberries this way to this day, 283 00:17:58,119 --> 00:18:00,800 Speaker 1: despite the kind of rough treat and it means for 284 00:18:00,840 --> 00:18:04,119 Speaker 1: the berries, which doesn't matter too much if you're processing 285 00:18:04,119 --> 00:18:07,639 Speaker 1: most of them into juice. Absolutely right. It wasn't until 286 00:18:07,680 --> 00:18:10,480 Speaker 1: the two thousands we start to see cranberries paired with salads. 287 00:18:10,760 --> 00:18:14,200 Speaker 1: The two thousands dried cranberries. By the way, I don't 288 00:18:14,200 --> 00:18:16,240 Speaker 1: think I've ever seen a fresh cranberry on a salad. No, 289 00:18:16,359 --> 00:18:18,600 Speaker 1: I don't think so. I don't think so either, most 290 00:18:18,640 --> 00:18:22,760 Speaker 1: likely because that's about when these nicer prepackaged salads complete 291 00:18:22,800 --> 00:18:27,120 Speaker 1: with topping tappings, started to hit grocery store shelves. UM. 292 00:18:27,240 --> 00:18:30,840 Speaker 1: Perhaps but probably not related. Total production of export markets 293 00:18:30,920 --> 00:18:37,160 Speaker 1: grew by probably not related, but interesting um and worth 294 00:18:37,200 --> 00:18:40,199 Speaker 1: noting that by the mid nineteenth century, most Native American 295 00:18:40,240 --> 00:18:43,760 Speaker 1: tribes had been wiped out of the New England region, 296 00:18:44,200 --> 00:18:47,119 Speaker 1: but some do have ties to the cranberry in the 297 00:18:47,160 --> 00:18:51,280 Speaker 1: present day. Um. The Coquill tribe owns and operates organic 298 00:18:51,359 --> 00:18:55,360 Speaker 1: cranberry farm Coquila Cranberries out of Oregon, and the Wampa 299 00:18:55,400 --> 00:19:05,160 Speaker 1: Noag hold Cranberry Fest in Marco's vineyard each year. So yeah, yeah, 300 00:19:05,359 --> 00:19:08,760 Speaker 1: and another episode where we get a nice depressing yeah 301 00:19:10,440 --> 00:19:13,639 Speaker 1: right right on the end. Um, although, hey, I've actually 302 00:19:13,720 --> 00:19:16,000 Speaker 1: got some more kind of depressing things to to to 303 00:19:16,040 --> 00:19:18,479 Speaker 1: talk about, and there's gonna be a Lawrence Killjoy corner. 304 00:19:19,000 --> 00:19:21,639 Speaker 1: But first there's gonna be one more quick break for 305 00:19:21,680 --> 00:19:34,960 Speaker 1: a word from our sponsor. And went back, thank you sponsor. 306 00:19:36,040 --> 00:19:40,280 Speaker 1: So okay. There seemed to be a lot of misconceptions 307 00:19:40,320 --> 00:19:46,440 Speaker 1: about the healthfulness of cranberries. First off, dried sweetened cranberries 308 00:19:46,960 --> 00:19:51,440 Speaker 1: are basically candy. Yeah, they're no longer a fruit. And 309 00:19:51,440 --> 00:19:54,360 Speaker 1: and the thing about about dried cranberries is that all 310 00:19:54,400 --> 00:19:57,760 Speaker 1: of them on the market are sweetened. If you find 311 00:19:57,800 --> 00:20:01,080 Speaker 1: any unsweetened ones, please tell me send me to that website. 312 00:20:01,080 --> 00:20:04,200 Speaker 1: I want to buy them. Um. But okay, the nutritional 313 00:20:04,240 --> 00:20:08,680 Speaker 1: information about dried sweetened cranberries, A single ounce serving that's 314 00:20:08,680 --> 00:20:11,720 Speaker 1: about twenty eight grams or like a like a handful, um, 315 00:20:11,800 --> 00:20:15,200 Speaker 1: contains eighteen grams of sugar, which is half as much 316 00:20:15,359 --> 00:20:20,680 Speaker 1: as a can of coke. Basically, uh, that's not that's 317 00:20:20,720 --> 00:20:25,040 Speaker 1: that's not healthy. Um. Furthermore, the manufacturing process that makes 318 00:20:25,080 --> 00:20:28,919 Speaker 1: them dried and sweetened leeches basically all of their nutritional 319 00:20:29,320 --> 00:20:35,080 Speaker 1: benefits or beneficial nutrients rather from them. Um, Vitamin C 320 00:20:35,280 --> 00:20:39,520 Speaker 1: is gone, all of the like possible antioxidants are gone. 321 00:20:39,680 --> 00:20:42,280 Speaker 1: They still contain one percent of your daily recommended value 322 00:20:42,280 --> 00:20:51,040 Speaker 1: of iron and four percent of manganese. Okay, that's about it. Yeah, 323 00:20:51,280 --> 00:20:54,440 Speaker 1: that's not too much to brag about. Yeah, so if 324 00:20:54,440 --> 00:20:57,840 Speaker 1: you really like eating them, do it, but just be 325 00:20:57,920 --> 00:21:01,359 Speaker 1: aware that you're not doing yourself any particularnutritional favors. No, don't, 326 00:21:01,480 --> 00:21:05,720 Speaker 1: don't think you're doing a healthy thing. By eating them. No. Secondly, 327 00:21:06,040 --> 00:21:09,080 Speaker 1: Oh and okay, this gets back to cranberries use in 328 00:21:09,160 --> 00:21:13,600 Speaker 1: treating urinary tract infections. Okay, so so this was this 329 00:21:13,680 --> 00:21:16,280 Speaker 1: was an an ancient or not ancient. This this was 330 00:21:16,280 --> 00:21:20,639 Speaker 1: an older folk remedy. And about a hundred years ago UM, 331 00:21:20,680 --> 00:21:25,720 Speaker 1: as we started developing science but still didn't quite have antibiotics, 332 00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:28,040 Speaker 1: some doctors said that they might be able to treat 333 00:21:28,320 --> 00:21:31,840 Speaker 1: u t e s by making patients urine too acidic 334 00:21:32,200 --> 00:21:37,280 Speaker 1: for bacteria to grow in. Cranberry juice became a popular therapy, 335 00:21:37,320 --> 00:21:39,920 Speaker 1: but it was later found that the amount of cranberry 336 00:21:39,960 --> 00:21:42,120 Speaker 1: juice you'd have to drink to really see an effect 337 00:21:42,320 --> 00:21:46,040 Speaker 1: is prohibitive, being that mostly it would just give you 338 00:21:46,119 --> 00:21:48,520 Speaker 1: ulcers in kidney stones in the long run. But then 339 00:21:49,480 --> 00:21:52,560 Speaker 1: a while later another thing that we talked about UM 340 00:21:52,600 --> 00:21:55,879 Speaker 1: that that protein present in cranberries and also blueberries by 341 00:21:55,880 --> 00:21:59,399 Speaker 1: the way UM that prevents bacteria from from binding to 342 00:21:59,720 --> 00:22:03,720 Speaker 1: and us from infecting other cells was discovered. UM and 343 00:22:04,080 --> 00:22:08,280 Speaker 1: cranberry juices and supplements like like dried pounded cranberries and 344 00:22:08,320 --> 00:22:12,040 Speaker 1: little gel caplets UM started to be promoted as therapies again, 345 00:22:13,520 --> 00:22:17,920 Speaker 1: but no research has yet shown that this actually prevents 346 00:22:17,960 --> 00:22:23,760 Speaker 1: infection in humans. So scientifically speaking, no one knows whether 347 00:22:23,800 --> 00:22:28,160 Speaker 1: cranberries actually help with U T I s. And hey, 348 00:22:28,600 --> 00:22:30,639 Speaker 1: the cranberry juice cocktail that you buy in the store 349 00:22:30,720 --> 00:22:34,000 Speaker 1: contains a lot of sugar and acid um, both of 350 00:22:34,040 --> 00:22:39,000 Speaker 1: which can exacerbate an already angry urinary tract. Man, do 351 00:22:39,040 --> 00:22:41,800 Speaker 1: not do not drink cranberry juice cocktail for a U 352 00:22:41,840 --> 00:22:45,760 Speaker 1: T I. Maybe consider a cranberry supplement, like if you 353 00:22:45,800 --> 00:22:48,360 Speaker 1: want to, but be aware that they have not consistently 354 00:22:48,440 --> 00:22:51,840 Speaker 1: been performed better than placebo. So like, don't put yourself 355 00:22:51,840 --> 00:22:54,800 Speaker 1: out of money if if you're strapped for cash, it's 356 00:22:54,800 --> 00:22:57,840 Speaker 1: probably not the care you're looking for. Um to keep 357 00:22:57,920 --> 00:23:02,399 Speaker 1: your urinary tract healthy, drink water the kind without bubbles sometimes, 358 00:23:02,880 --> 00:23:05,600 Speaker 1: uh like were cotton underpants. To talk to your doctor 359 00:23:05,640 --> 00:23:07,800 Speaker 1: if you have a persistent problem. And sorry that got 360 00:23:07,880 --> 00:23:12,920 Speaker 1: kind of weirdly personal for a second there, It's cool, okay, Um, 361 00:23:12,960 --> 00:23:15,919 Speaker 1: all that being said, Uh, you know, as our seafaring 362 00:23:15,960 --> 00:23:19,200 Speaker 1: ancestors sussed out, cranberries are a great source of vitamin C. 363 00:23:19,600 --> 00:23:23,679 Speaker 1: They're also really high and antioxidants, which may help prevent 364 00:23:23,800 --> 00:23:27,720 Speaker 1: some diseases like cancer. In some situations. Um. They're high 365 00:23:27,760 --> 00:23:30,920 Speaker 1: fiber and low calorie until you add a bunch of sugar, 366 00:23:31,200 --> 00:23:33,719 Speaker 1: so they're pretty filling. Um. Which means that if you 367 00:23:33,760 --> 00:23:38,359 Speaker 1: like tart things, um, fresh cranberries or a fresh made 368 00:23:38,400 --> 00:23:40,960 Speaker 1: sauce that is low in sugar is really great to 369 00:23:41,000 --> 00:23:43,919 Speaker 1: add to to oatmeal or yogurt or baked goods or 370 00:23:44,040 --> 00:23:47,879 Speaker 1: sauces or roasted savory dishes or whatever. Just wash out 371 00:23:47,920 --> 00:23:50,640 Speaker 1: for that sugar, you know, by by fresh cranberries when 372 00:23:50,640 --> 00:23:53,399 Speaker 1: they're available, Maybe freeze some. Make your own low sugar 373 00:23:53,400 --> 00:23:56,720 Speaker 1: sauce to add stuff. Yeah, I'm a fan of doing that. 374 00:23:56,760 --> 00:23:59,480 Speaker 1: I like to put them in an acorn squash with 375 00:23:59,560 --> 00:24:04,120 Speaker 1: keen rong ran beers. Oh no, yeah, it's good. Okay, 376 00:24:04,119 --> 00:24:06,520 Speaker 1: I want to make that right now, maybe later, all right, 377 00:24:06,560 --> 00:24:09,640 Speaker 1: but first we gotta talk about pesticides. Oh yeah yeah, 378 00:24:10,320 --> 00:24:13,600 Speaker 1: oh man, Well, welcome, Welcome to my killjoy corner. Thank 379 00:24:13,640 --> 00:24:16,280 Speaker 1: you for having me. It's a show within a show. 380 00:24:16,359 --> 00:24:19,960 Speaker 1: It's gotten really meta. Um okay. According to the U 381 00:24:20,040 --> 00:24:23,000 Speaker 1: s d A Pesticide Data Program, as of two thousand six, 382 00:24:23,040 --> 00:24:27,000 Speaker 1: cranberries tested positive for thirteen different pesticides. Some of these 383 00:24:27,000 --> 00:24:31,679 Speaker 1: are classified as known carcinogens and honeybe toxins. Yeah, that's bad. Nope. 384 00:24:31,920 --> 00:24:34,919 Speaker 1: Ocean Spray did attempt growing them without the stuff, but 385 00:24:34,960 --> 00:24:38,240 Speaker 1: found it too difficult and costly. Since cran beers are 386 00:24:38,280 --> 00:24:41,119 Speaker 1: native to North America, pest have had forever to figure 387 00:24:41,160 --> 00:24:44,960 Speaker 1: out the cranberry, there by making pesticides necessary. Their argument goes, 388 00:24:45,720 --> 00:24:49,520 Speaker 1: another environmental concern is the exposure to these pesticides of 389 00:24:49,520 --> 00:24:52,560 Speaker 1: the water pumped into the cranberry bog during wet harvest 390 00:24:53,119 --> 00:24:55,800 Speaker 1: um where it after that it returns to local bodies 391 00:24:55,840 --> 00:24:58,440 Speaker 1: of water. Um. And this type of runoff is not 392 00:24:58,560 --> 00:25:01,560 Speaker 1: regulated by the US government it They are a handful 393 00:25:01,560 --> 00:25:05,159 Speaker 1: of companies out there growing an organic cranberry crop. The 394 00:25:05,280 --> 00:25:08,680 Speaker 1: article I was reading gave cranberry hill farms and fresh 395 00:25:08,720 --> 00:25:11,840 Speaker 1: meadow farms as examples, and the only way they're able 396 00:25:11,880 --> 00:25:14,520 Speaker 1: to do this currently is through programs that buy their 397 00:25:14,520 --> 00:25:18,880 Speaker 1: fruit at a super high price point to help incentivize them. Yeah. 398 00:25:18,960 --> 00:25:21,640 Speaker 1: And I sort of hesitate, hesitate and talking about pesticide 399 00:25:21,640 --> 00:25:24,479 Speaker 1: because honestly I don't really know too much about them. Um. 400 00:25:24,720 --> 00:25:27,440 Speaker 1: Hopefully you will rectify this in a later episode. Absolutely 401 00:25:27,520 --> 00:25:29,960 Speaker 1: very important topic. Yeah, so grain of salted do your 402 00:25:30,000 --> 00:25:33,119 Speaker 1: own research. Um. Yeah, but hopefully this is useful to 403 00:25:33,240 --> 00:25:37,680 Speaker 1: some of you out there and worth noting. Yeah, absolutely notes. 404 00:25:37,680 --> 00:25:39,560 Speaker 1: It's good to good to know where where food comes 405 00:25:39,600 --> 00:25:43,200 Speaker 1: from and what the overall cost of it is. Um. 406 00:25:43,320 --> 00:25:46,400 Speaker 1: But that's the end of the killjoy corner. Yeah, let's 407 00:25:46,480 --> 00:25:49,120 Speaker 1: let's eat ourselves out of this corner into the into 408 00:25:49,200 --> 00:25:56,320 Speaker 1: the open wide vistas of cranberry culture. Cranberry culture. So first, 409 00:25:56,920 --> 00:26:01,880 Speaker 1: cranberry sauce and you, Oh, I'm just realizing that maybe 410 00:26:01,920 --> 00:26:03,960 Speaker 1: a lot of people listening don't know. I don't know 411 00:26:04,040 --> 00:26:08,760 Speaker 1: for sure what this is. Yeah, cranberry sauce is a 412 00:26:08,920 --> 00:26:11,399 Speaker 1: mixture of cranberries and sugar. You can also put a 413 00:26:11,400 --> 00:26:13,480 Speaker 1: little bit of spices, like like maybe like a ground 414 00:26:13,520 --> 00:26:16,640 Speaker 1: grind of nutmeg, maybe some ginger in there. Yeah, that's 415 00:26:16,680 --> 00:26:19,119 Speaker 1: if your homemak it, yeah, which I love to do. 416 00:26:19,200 --> 00:26:23,119 Speaker 1: That's actually way better than the stuff most Americans get, 417 00:26:23,720 --> 00:26:26,800 Speaker 1: which is like this can and it's just a log, 418 00:26:27,040 --> 00:26:30,440 Speaker 1: a jellied log that comes out. Yeah, it's it's got 419 00:26:30,480 --> 00:26:32,359 Speaker 1: so much pecked and it's so jellied that when you 420 00:26:32,840 --> 00:26:35,080 Speaker 1: open the can from one end you can just just 421 00:26:35,160 --> 00:26:39,440 Speaker 1: wiggle an entire can shaped loaf of this stuff out 422 00:26:39,440 --> 00:26:44,200 Speaker 1: of it, which I find endlessly disturbing. Yeah, my family 423 00:26:44,320 --> 00:26:47,840 Speaker 1: used to before I started making my own um for 424 00:26:47,880 --> 00:26:49,479 Speaker 1: some reason, we'd get it every year and no one 425 00:26:49,480 --> 00:26:51,040 Speaker 1: would eat it. Like we'd put it on the table 426 00:26:51,280 --> 00:26:53,760 Speaker 1: and no one would eat it, but we kept up 427 00:26:53,800 --> 00:26:57,439 Speaker 1: the facade. I most most thanksgivings that I've been a 428 00:26:57,440 --> 00:27:00,400 Speaker 1: part of have been so entertained by how are official 429 00:27:00,440 --> 00:27:02,760 Speaker 1: It looks that they don't bother disguising the fact that 430 00:27:02,800 --> 00:27:04,960 Speaker 1: it comes from a can. They like slice it, yes, 431 00:27:05,600 --> 00:27:07,760 Speaker 1: straight from the end, like you can still see the 432 00:27:07,840 --> 00:27:11,400 Speaker 1: ridges from the can, and it gets brilliant. It's bizarre. 433 00:27:11,520 --> 00:27:15,879 Speaker 1: It's something very mid century. I I'm very charmed by it. Yeah, 434 00:27:16,119 --> 00:27:19,200 Speaker 1: it's it's particularly weird. I'm still made a cranberry, so 435 00:27:19,240 --> 00:27:23,439 Speaker 1: it's still kind of delicious. Yeah, um, I avoided it 436 00:27:23,520 --> 00:27:26,280 Speaker 1: so hardcore. I can't honestly recall the taste. But maybe 437 00:27:26,280 --> 00:27:29,320 Speaker 1: this year, when I see that lone plate, because we 438 00:27:29,359 --> 00:27:31,200 Speaker 1: still we still put it on the table, even though 439 00:27:31,240 --> 00:27:34,879 Speaker 1: I make homemade cranberry sauce, maybe I'll give it a 440 00:27:35,040 --> 00:27:37,000 Speaker 1: give it a try. I think it's more a texture 441 00:27:37,000 --> 00:27:41,280 Speaker 1: than a taste. Really, Okay, Okay, anyway, So Americans eat 442 00:27:41,440 --> 00:27:45,879 Speaker 1: or buy and intend to eat five million gallons of 443 00:27:46,080 --> 00:27:49,679 Speaker 1: jellied cranberry sauce each year during the holidays, just during 444 00:27:49,720 --> 00:27:53,200 Speaker 1: the holidays, according to Ocean Spray, the first jellied cranberry 445 00:27:53,240 --> 00:27:56,800 Speaker 1: sauce was canned in nineteen twelve by a lawyer turned 446 00:27:56,880 --> 00:28:02,840 Speaker 1: cranberry bog owner, Marcus l. Uron in Massachusetts. Once mechanical 447 00:28:02,840 --> 00:28:05,480 Speaker 1: harvesting was introduced in a lot of the berries came 448 00:28:05,480 --> 00:28:08,920 Speaker 1: out of the other side damaged. Ocean Sperry decided to 449 00:28:08,960 --> 00:28:11,480 Speaker 1: canned them since selling them fresh would be difficult. It 450 00:28:11,480 --> 00:28:15,800 Speaker 1: would be a difficult prospect, and before canning technology came around, 451 00:28:16,119 --> 00:28:19,879 Speaker 1: cranberries didn't last that long. It wasn't until that the 452 00:28:19,920 --> 00:28:22,880 Speaker 1: sauce was available across the US. And the reason it's 453 00:28:22,920 --> 00:28:25,520 Speaker 1: so solid ish, like Lauren said, has to do with 454 00:28:25,560 --> 00:28:29,000 Speaker 1: the peckton. Yeah, but so many of the berries were 455 00:28:29,080 --> 00:28:32,399 Speaker 1: damaged and damage berries just didn't last and you don't 456 00:28:32,440 --> 00:28:35,800 Speaker 1: obviously want to take that much of a loss. Um, Yeah, 457 00:28:36,080 --> 00:28:40,120 Speaker 1: let's just cann them. Let's just put him in this uh, 458 00:28:40,440 --> 00:28:44,200 Speaker 1: this can and marketed as a holiday thing. Um, you're on. 459 00:28:44,320 --> 00:28:47,000 Speaker 1: Went on to invent the cranberry juice, cocktail and a 460 00:28:47,080 --> 00:28:50,920 Speaker 1: cocktail syrup for drink mixers. In nineteen thirty, he convinced 461 00:28:50,960 --> 00:28:55,000 Speaker 1: competitors to come together to form Cranberry Canners, Inc. In 462 00:28:55,080 --> 00:28:58,440 Speaker 1: nineteen fifty seven, they changed their name to Ocean. Okay, 463 00:28:59,040 --> 00:29:03,440 Speaker 1: that Ocean spread that one. Yeah. Yeah. Also, I couldn't 464 00:29:03,480 --> 00:29:07,160 Speaker 1: bear to do a Cranberry episode without mentioning the Cosmo. 465 00:29:07,560 --> 00:29:11,880 Speaker 1: The Cosmo, Ah, that's nineties staple cocktail. It's so pink, 466 00:29:11,960 --> 00:29:15,680 Speaker 1: it's in a impossible to hold Martini glass. Seriously, what's 467 00:29:15,720 --> 00:29:19,280 Speaker 1: up with martini glasses? Question for a future episode. Oh 468 00:29:19,360 --> 00:29:23,000 Speaker 1: my goodness. Okay, the Cosmo, if you have never encountered one, 469 00:29:23,040 --> 00:29:28,120 Speaker 1: calls for vodka, quantrill, lime and cranberry juice, and we'll 470 00:29:28,240 --> 00:29:30,760 Speaker 1: have to do a whole cocktail hour episode about it, 471 00:29:30,760 --> 00:29:34,000 Speaker 1: because this is this one. It's one that's relatively new 472 00:29:34,040 --> 00:29:36,640 Speaker 1: onto the scene. But there's that. But there's some really 473 00:29:36,680 --> 00:29:39,960 Speaker 1: great little little bits of subculture wrapped throughout its creation, 474 00:29:40,480 --> 00:29:43,400 Speaker 1: and it seems to have originated with a late sixties 475 00:29:43,520 --> 00:29:47,480 Speaker 1: marketing directive from Ocean Spray to get more adults consuming 476 00:29:47,480 --> 00:29:50,200 Speaker 1: cranberry juice. Kids were all about it, Adults were like, 477 00:29:50,200 --> 00:29:52,680 Speaker 1: what am I doing? With this, put booze in it, 478 00:29:53,240 --> 00:29:56,080 Speaker 1: sell it to them that way, coolever, I mean, can't 479 00:29:56,080 --> 00:29:59,880 Speaker 1: fault them for that seems to have worked. So yeah. 480 00:30:00,040 --> 00:30:04,880 Speaker 1: That is our brief story of the Cranberry and brings 481 00:30:04,960 --> 00:30:10,560 Speaker 1: us to Listener Mail. Listener Mail Michael wrote in response 482 00:30:10,600 --> 00:30:13,560 Speaker 1: to our Chuck E Cheese episode, you mentioned a place 483 00:30:13,560 --> 00:30:15,640 Speaker 1: called Pizza and Pipes. I'm not sure if it's the 484 00:30:15,680 --> 00:30:17,480 Speaker 1: same one, but I used to go to a Pizza 485 00:30:17,520 --> 00:30:21,360 Speaker 1: and Pipes in up Washington state descent Upper Peninsula. I 486 00:30:21,400 --> 00:30:23,680 Speaker 1: believe it does, I think so. Yeah. It had a 487 00:30:23,760 --> 00:30:27,960 Speaker 1: very fantastical pipe organ. The device took up two floors 488 00:30:28,040 --> 00:30:31,520 Speaker 1: and one quarter of a large building. The rest was 489 00:30:31,600 --> 00:30:36,440 Speaker 1: dining areaan kitchens. It was crafted with stuffed animals, clocks, drums, tambourines, 490 00:30:36,520 --> 00:30:39,560 Speaker 1: and many other percussive instruments that were all controlled by 491 00:30:39,600 --> 00:30:43,240 Speaker 1: a standard looking organ that was played daily. They would 492 00:30:43,280 --> 00:30:45,800 Speaker 1: sometimes cast movie clips on a small screen and have 493 00:30:45,880 --> 00:30:50,040 Speaker 1: the organists play music in time with the clips. Unfortunately, 494 00:30:50,080 --> 00:30:52,280 Speaker 1: the place burned down in the early two thousand's or 495 00:30:52,400 --> 00:30:55,840 Speaker 1: late nineteen nineties. It was replaced by a ruby Tuesday. 496 00:30:56,000 --> 00:31:00,480 Speaker 1: Oh that's so disappointing. I know it sounds really no 497 00:31:00,600 --> 00:31:03,200 Speaker 1: offense Ruby Tuesday. But man, that's not That's not a 498 00:31:03,200 --> 00:31:06,240 Speaker 1: good trade off. No, yeah, you really lost out on 499 00:31:06,280 --> 00:31:08,880 Speaker 1: that one. If you lived in that area, that sounds 500 00:31:09,000 --> 00:31:11,160 Speaker 1: I would go to that for sure. Yeah. I need 501 00:31:11,200 --> 00:31:12,640 Speaker 1: to look up. I need to look at footage of 502 00:31:12,680 --> 00:31:16,920 Speaker 1: this on YouTube now. Um. Meanwhile, Polly sent us this 503 00:31:17,000 --> 00:31:20,800 Speaker 1: in response to our brunch episode. The basic principle of 504 00:31:20,880 --> 00:31:24,800 Speaker 1: breakfast slash lunch foods equaling brunch is the same, but 505 00:31:25,120 --> 00:31:28,800 Speaker 1: the upper class and alcoholic attributes aren't usually there in 506 00:31:28,880 --> 00:31:32,800 Speaker 1: Australian brunch culture. Brunch in Australia is very much tied 507 00:31:32,840 --> 00:31:36,840 Speaker 1: in with our heavy coffee snob cafe culture. Recently, there's 508 00:31:36,880 --> 00:31:39,680 Speaker 1: been a huge surge in good coffee cafes that serve 509 00:31:39,760 --> 00:31:43,200 Speaker 1: an all day combined breakfast lunch menu. And we'll close 510 00:31:43,240 --> 00:31:45,960 Speaker 1: somewhere around a three to five pm. To give you 511 00:31:46,000 --> 00:31:48,440 Speaker 1: an example of how common they are. I live in 512 00:31:48,480 --> 00:31:51,000 Speaker 1: a low middle class suburban town and there are four 513 00:31:51,080 --> 00:31:54,480 Speaker 1: of these cafes surrounding my local train station. I also 514 00:31:54,520 --> 00:31:57,000 Speaker 1: study in the inner West suburbs of the City of Sydney, 515 00:31:57,200 --> 00:31:58,880 Speaker 1: and there would be at least one of these kinds 516 00:31:58,920 --> 00:32:01,640 Speaker 1: of places on every street corner. It's not so much 517 00:32:01,720 --> 00:32:04,240 Speaker 1: used to compensate to a hangover, but to a lazy 518 00:32:04,240 --> 00:32:07,680 Speaker 1: weekend start or morning spent at the beach. Most menus 519 00:32:07,720 --> 00:32:10,320 Speaker 1: will have meals with ingredients like eggs, bacon, sour dough, 520 00:32:10,520 --> 00:32:14,440 Speaker 1: muse lely kinwa, sweet potato, kale, ricotta, but we'll have 521 00:32:14,680 --> 00:32:17,800 Speaker 1: hipster names. You usually enjoy brunch with a coffee or 522 00:32:17,840 --> 00:32:21,560 Speaker 1: maybe a tea, juice or smoothie. I've never been to 523 00:32:21,640 --> 00:32:24,520 Speaker 1: a brunch place that is served alcohol, but maybe in older, 524 00:32:24,560 --> 00:32:28,400 Speaker 1: wealthier populations. This culture does exist in Sydney at least. 525 00:32:28,400 --> 00:32:30,080 Speaker 1: If you want to catch up with someone, you'll often 526 00:32:30,160 --> 00:32:32,200 Speaker 1: arrange to meet up over a coffee, and if it's 527 00:32:32,240 --> 00:32:34,680 Speaker 1: around breakfast or lunch, you'd expect to get a brunch 528 00:32:34,720 --> 00:32:37,400 Speaker 1: type meal too. While my husband and I in our 529 00:32:37,400 --> 00:32:40,960 Speaker 1: mid twenties have a little disposable income, we'd probably get 530 00:32:40,960 --> 00:32:43,480 Speaker 1: brunch twice a month, just when catching up with friends 531 00:32:43,520 --> 00:32:50,720 Speaker 1: for coffee. Very interesting look at a brunch in Australia. Yeah, 532 00:32:50,720 --> 00:32:52,880 Speaker 1: I gotten a lot of emails about like brunch in 533 00:32:52,920 --> 00:32:55,040 Speaker 1: this area, in this area, this area, and it all 534 00:32:55,080 --> 00:32:58,280 Speaker 1: sounds pretty different. Yeah to me. The biggest difference here 535 00:32:58,320 --> 00:33:02,440 Speaker 1: is that there's like no alcohol, right, and it's um 536 00:33:02,480 --> 00:33:06,360 Speaker 1: it sounds much more Ours is purportedly supposed to be relaxed, 537 00:33:06,400 --> 00:33:08,360 Speaker 1: but I really don't think it is. Oh yeah, no, 538 00:33:08,440 --> 00:33:10,680 Speaker 1: it's it's it's very high tension. I think it's it's 539 00:33:10,680 --> 00:33:16,080 Speaker 1: it's supposed to be relaxing, but the social uh considerations, 540 00:33:16,160 --> 00:33:19,560 Speaker 1: the social pressure on it can be can be very 541 00:33:19,680 --> 00:33:21,920 Speaker 1: very large. Like this sounds like a nice casual like oh, 542 00:33:21,960 --> 00:33:24,840 Speaker 1: we're we're just hanging out, but French in America can 543 00:33:24,880 --> 00:33:27,760 Speaker 1: be like what am I wearing? Oh? Is anyone else 544 00:33:27,760 --> 00:33:29,560 Speaker 1: gonna be wearing an eyeliner? And what do I have 545 00:33:29,640 --> 00:33:32,280 Speaker 1: to do? Like? Should I wear heels? Are we walking somewhere? 546 00:33:32,360 --> 00:33:35,720 Speaker 1: What's going on? Are we? Do we have reservations? Yeah? 547 00:33:36,000 --> 00:33:38,400 Speaker 1: Do we need to get a lift? Oh? Man? Am 548 00:33:38,400 --> 00:33:42,600 Speaker 1: I drinking too many? Mimoses many questions? Yes, as he had. Yeah, 549 00:33:42,960 --> 00:33:45,720 Speaker 1: So thank you for both of them for writing in 550 00:33:46,320 --> 00:33:48,840 Speaker 1: two can write to us. We have an email it 551 00:33:48,960 --> 00:33:51,560 Speaker 1: is food stuff at how stuff works dot com. We're 552 00:33:51,600 --> 00:33:55,800 Speaker 1: also available on Facebook and Twitter at food stuff. Hs 553 00:33:55,960 --> 00:33:59,800 Speaker 1: W stands for how stuff Works. We're also on Instagram 554 00:34:00,040 --> 00:34:03,480 Speaker 1: at food stuff. You can find us there. We hope 555 00:34:03,520 --> 00:34:06,040 Speaker 1: to hear from you, and we hope that lots more 556 00:34:06,080 --> 00:34:07,520 Speaker 1: good things are coming your way.