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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff from the Science Lab from how stuff

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Speaker 1: works dot com. Hey guys, welcome to the podcast. This

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Speaker 1: is Alice Noderwell at the science that are at how

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Speaker 1: stuff works dot com. And this is Robert Lambs, science

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Speaker 1: writer and how stuff works dot Com. Today's topic of

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Speaker 1: space elevators reminds me of the children's classic Charlie in

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Speaker 1: the Greek Class Elevator, which I understand that you never read, Robert, Well, no,

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Speaker 1: but I saw the movie and don't they have the

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Speaker 1: elevator at the end of the movie, right, right, So

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Speaker 1: there's Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, you know, Johnny Depp

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Speaker 1: and all that stuff, but then there's no, not Johnny Depp,

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Speaker 1: Gene Wilder. That's that's Charlie in the Chocolate fact Well right, right, yeah, yeah, okay,

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Speaker 1: point taken. And then the sequel is Charlie and the

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Speaker 1: Greek Class Elevator. Right. So when you open the opening

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Speaker 1: scene of Charlie and the Great Class Elevator, I think

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Speaker 1: it was called a Wonk evator in the movie. Okay, okay, Well,

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Speaker 1: so this this mega structure, the elevator is floating in

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Speaker 1: the sky and we see um, Charlie bucket and Willy

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Speaker 1: Wonka and all the various grandparents and even Charlie's parents

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Speaker 1: are all crowded into this elevator. And this is what

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Speaker 1: I was thinking of when we were preparing today's topic

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Speaker 1: for the Space Elevator, because the space Elevator is not

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Speaker 1: all that fanciful and idea like, it actually makes a

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Speaker 1: lot of sense and is something that we will probably

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Speaker 1: see in the decades ahead, we hope to see. You know,

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Speaker 1: I got really excited about this topic when we were

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Speaker 1: researching it. I'm not necessarily a space junkie. I'm very

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Speaker 1: excited about the different projects we're pursuing or not pursuing

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Speaker 1: as the case maybe uh and seems to be more

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Speaker 1: in the case these days. But um, the Space Elevator

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Speaker 1: really got me fired up, just because, yeah, it does

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Speaker 1: seem kind of doable. So let's give you a little

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Speaker 1: history on the space Elevator. Um, we have the idea

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Speaker 1: from one Russian gentleman Urie aren't suiting of excuse your

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Speaker 1: if we messed up your last name, And he came

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Speaker 1: up with this in nineteen sixty according to the Space

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Speaker 1: Word Foundation, and the Space Ward Foundation is going to

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Speaker 1: come up if you do any research into space elevators

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Speaker 1: and it's just a nonprofit organization that's dedicated to space

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Speaker 1: elevators for the space science, technology, all that good stuff.

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Speaker 1: Just a just a grassroots nonprofit interested in building an

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Speaker 1: elevator into out of space. So you can go to

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Speaker 1: space elevator dot com and read RS nine paper titled

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Speaker 1: to the Cosmos by Electric Train. It was published in Pravda,

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Speaker 1: the old Soviet union newspaper, and this is what kills me.

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Speaker 1: It was published as a Sunday supplement for the kids,

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Speaker 1: as far as I understand it, and it has this

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Speaker 1: kind of cool, fun kid graphics. Well in a way,

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Speaker 1: it's kind of sad though, because you think back and

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Speaker 1: it's like, oh, at a time when kids were interested

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Speaker 1: in science except for your kids listening, of course. So

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Speaker 1: Here he was a pretty smart guy, and he wasn't

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Speaker 1: really satisfied with rockets as a means for getting to space.

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Speaker 1: So Here's in which is reasonable because rockets are it's

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Speaker 1: like whatever you're sending into space, it's like strapping it

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Speaker 1: on the end of an explosion, you know, right, and

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Speaker 1: then there's a whole huge expenditure of fuel and you're

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Speaker 1: missing up the atmosphere. You have to protect passengers from

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Speaker 1: high acceleration. All this kid stuff. But let's read you

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Speaker 1: an excerpt. Oh, yes, yes, Robert has volunteered to do

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Speaker 1: this in his best Russian accent. Yes, Robert, feel free

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Speaker 1: to abbreviate the quote I got a little overzealous with

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Speaker 1: old Gary. All Right, here we go. Preparation for the

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Speaker 1: cosmic launching of a contemporary rocket requires not one day,

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Speaker 1: but more than one month. Yes, of course, these are

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Speaker 1: just the first steps. None is sounding a little like Dracula,

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Speaker 1: so I'm gonna stop and just continue in a normal voice.

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Speaker 1: The first steps man is taking beyond the limits of

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Speaker 1: his own planet. Still in the future, the construction of

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Speaker 1: rockets will not change in principle, and even in the future,

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Speaker 1: the first stage of the of the flight of a

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Speaker 1: cosmic liner will be accompanied by the furious effort of

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Speaker 1: straining engines, by the immense expenditure of fuel by protecting

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Speaker 1: passengers from high acceleration. Right, so, all sorts of crazy stuff.

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Speaker 1: Because Grandma's gonna want to go into space, two can't.

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Speaker 1: Ema wants to go into space, and and so Uri

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Speaker 1: winds up saying flight into the cosmos with the help

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Speaker 1: of a rocket will never be like an outing on

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Speaker 1: a boat or a trip on a tram. Yeah, and

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Speaker 1: then he wonders, is this the only method for cosmic flights?

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Speaker 1: And thus the space elevator thinks to your right. And

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Speaker 1: the fact most thing about it too is that it's

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Speaker 1: it's such a kind of like common sense sense answered.

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Speaker 1: Like you can imagine the first guy that brought it

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Speaker 1: up was just like sent out of the room, you know,

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Speaker 1: because he's like, hey, guys, I know these rockets are great,

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Speaker 1: but can we just build like an elevator that goes

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Speaker 1: from space. It's it's like when I was on vacation,

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Speaker 1: you know, you you get on at the lobby and

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Speaker 1: then you just push GEO for GIO synchronous orbit. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: Like when I was on vacation, we went to see

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Speaker 1: this hell fire pass thing and h in Thailand, okay,

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Speaker 1: and like there was some some some very old people

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Speaker 1: in God blessing from em brave enough to come on

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Speaker 1: the trip. But they were like, is there going to

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Speaker 1: be an elevator so we can ride back from the bottom.

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Speaker 1: You know, It's like it's a ridiculous question asking it

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Speaker 1: seems like a ridiculous question to ask of of space travel.

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Speaker 1: But it makes a lot of sense. Yeah, So for

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Speaker 1: a while they were thought of as kind of ridiculous,

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Speaker 1: and they'd really just existed in old Yury's head and

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Speaker 1: the realm of sci five as you guys my network,

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Speaker 1: Yeah you've wrote about it and Fountains of Paradise. But

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Speaker 1: two things moved space elevators firmly out of fantasy and

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Speaker 1: into the realm of possibility. And those two things were,

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Speaker 1: according to space Ward, the discovery of carbon nanotubes in

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Speaker 1: nineteen and their early nineteen nineties and uh Bradley Edwards

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Speaker 1: engineering research in two thousand one. So those were two

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Speaker 1: of the things that really made space elevators something that

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Speaker 1: we can hope for. We had the we had an

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Speaker 1: idea about how the engineering would work. It's not like

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Speaker 1: just going out and piling up cement blocks and two

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Speaker 1: by four until you reach orbit. I think part of

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Speaker 1: the problem for me when we were researching this podcast

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Speaker 1: was I just think of an elevator as a structure

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Speaker 1: being encased within a building. So that's not the case

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Speaker 1: with the space elevator. Yeah, It's more are like a

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Speaker 1: vehicle that climbs a super strong tether for miles and

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Speaker 1: miles and miles. Yeah, let's give some details on the

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Speaker 1: tether because that's pretty important part of the whole Space

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Speaker 1: elevator construction. Yeah. The thing that really that I had

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Speaker 1: to look up to really put it in perspective for

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Speaker 1: for me, UM is that the sheer distance we're talking here,

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Speaker 1: all right. Currently, the tallest structure in the world is

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Speaker 1: the Burgee Kalafa in Dubai. And you've probably seen pictures

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Speaker 1: of this super tall building. I was at the Seventh

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Speaker 1: Star Hotel. It might be it's yeah, it probably is.

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Speaker 1: It's in Dubai. It's probably eight um. But all right,

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Speaker 1: this structure is two thousand, seven hundred and seventeen feet tall.

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Speaker 1: That's roughly half a mile structure. Yes, the Dubai structure,

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Speaker 1: all right. Geo centrationis altitude is a hundred and twenty

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Speaker 1: four miles, Okay, okay, So you'd have to stack um

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Speaker 1: two hundred and um of those Dubai super hotels on

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Speaker 1: top of each other just to reach um, you know,

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Speaker 1: satellite territory. But that's not even the distance of the

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Speaker 1: Space elevator. The space elevator, according to uh to some predictions,

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Speaker 1: would be sixty two thousand miles in length, right, and

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Speaker 1: it would be made from lightweight carbon nanotubes, which again

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Speaker 1: according to some people, maybe a hundred times stronger than steel.

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Speaker 1: And then it's going to be security to a station

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Speaker 1: on Earth on one end. So depending on who you

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Speaker 1: talked to, you specifications for that ribbon vary. According to

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Speaker 1: the Institute for Scientific Research, the ribbon maybe three ft

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Speaker 1: wide and thinner than a sheet of paper, which is insane.

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Speaker 1: Something that's going to be slipping you up to space

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Speaker 1: and that a sheet of paper and maybe carrying all

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Speaker 1: sorts of expensive material and grandmas. And then if you

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Speaker 1: wanted to increase the amount of stuff you're bringing into space,

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Speaker 1: the payload you're bringing into space, and you would want

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Speaker 1: to scale up your space elevator by increasing the size

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Speaker 1: of your tether, which makes sense. Now this next part

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Speaker 1: really just floored me when I was when we were

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Speaker 1: researching it. And that's when you talk about the how

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Speaker 1: the counterweight stays in space, Like I ran this is

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Speaker 1: the simple explanation that I ran across from a scientist

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Speaker 1: and he was like, all right, imagine that your fist

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Speaker 1: is the is the planet, all right, and then you

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Speaker 1: have a bit of dental floss, you know, that, and

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Speaker 1: then that dental floss is tied to like a little um,

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Speaker 1: I don't know, like a little golf ball or something, right,

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Speaker 1: and then you like hold your fist over your head

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Speaker 1: and you just start swinging that golf ball around and

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Speaker 1: and of course the golf ball doesn't crash into your

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Speaker 1: fist because it's swinging around and around and around the rotation,

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Speaker 1: the rotation and all. And that's the same principle essentially

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Speaker 1: with the space elevator. And it's so simple that it

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Speaker 1: you know, it's one of those that kind of flourish.

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Speaker 1: You're like, that can't be right. That just sounds way

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Speaker 1: too simple, right, And we have the original space elevator guy,

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Speaker 1: the Russian Eurie, to thank for working this out. So

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Speaker 1: we all know that the Earth's force of attraction lessons

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Speaker 1: in proportion to the square of the distance, and centrifugal

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Speaker 1: force grows with the increase in distance. So what that

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Speaker 1: means is that at about a distance of fort KOs,

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Speaker 1: centrifugal force turns out to be an equal to the

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Speaker 1: force of gravity. So it's kind of cool. I never

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Speaker 1: knew that. And then the Institute for Scientific Research says

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Speaker 1: that by using the end of the ribbon like a slingshot.

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Speaker 1: You could send pretty serious payloads in the Moon, Mars

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Speaker 1: and beyond. That's so awesome. It's like if they're if

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Speaker 1: you're you're an astronaut, you're the Aunt. It's on the

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Speaker 1: little golf ball that's tied to the dental bloss that's

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Speaker 1: attached to my fist, and then you're swinging around and

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Speaker 1: then Aunt goes flying and on his way to Mars.

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Speaker 1: We are the ants, right, So let's talk about the

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Speaker 1: cars you have. These cars are climbers as they're called,

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Speaker 1: that are riding up the ribbon, and they're meant to

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Speaker 1: carry some serious weight and they themselves may way up

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Speaker 1: to twenty tons. So in one draft of the idea,

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Speaker 1: the cars attached to the ribbon have electric motors and

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Speaker 1: they get their power from a station on the ground

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Speaker 1: by way of laser beams. It's kind of a setup

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Speaker 1: like a ski lift, was one comparison I heard. And

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Speaker 1: then another idea is to use solar power instead of

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Speaker 1: laser beams to power the cars. Either way, you don't

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Speaker 1: want a huge engine on board because that kind of

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Speaker 1: negates the whole great thing about it. The solar energy

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Speaker 1: makes perfect sense because you're not going I have to

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Speaker 1: deal with with cloud cover right right, So inside the

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Speaker 1: cars could be roomier because of the relatively inexpensive cost

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Speaker 1: per pound, So great news for grandmas. She might have,

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Speaker 1: you know, sleeping and eating accommodations within the car. And

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Speaker 1: some of the estimates I've looked at um they show

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Speaker 1: that our like first space elevator, whenever we finally build

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Speaker 1: it could like bring thirteen tons of grandma's. Like, I

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Speaker 1: don't know if that's all the grandma's, but it's a large,

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Speaker 1: large assembly of grandma's it is, indeed. But you raise

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Speaker 1: an important point in that we're not going to be

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Speaker 1: sending grandma's up first. We're gonna be sending Also it's

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Speaker 1: important distress the grandma's will not be the first to

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Speaker 1: take the space elevator, no matter how many nights they

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Speaker 1: cam about to get tickets to be the first in line.

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Speaker 1: It sounds like a great Twilight Shone episode that where

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Speaker 1: it's like all the grandmas are called in for the

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Speaker 1: first space elevator, right, what's up right, We're gonna be

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Speaker 1: sending you know, different things for NASA and the European

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Speaker 1: Space Agency and all sorts of other folks are in

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Speaker 1: line before the Grandma's. I saw there's I saw an

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Speaker 1: article online talking about the map to the Space Elevator

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Speaker 1: which showed like some of the ways will test it,

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Speaker 1: which is kind of interesting and also kind of common sense.

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Speaker 1: It involves like using blimps to test like the early

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Speaker 1: section of it, and then using satellites to test the

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Speaker 1: higher portion of it until you reach the point where

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Speaker 1: you pull unrolled sort of the whole thing. So that's

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Speaker 1: pretty awesome. Would you be a guinea pig for that? No, No,

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Speaker 1: of course, I'm not a big fan of heights. So

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Speaker 1: you might be wondering how fast the cars are ascending.

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Speaker 1: I certainly was, and I heard according to space where

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Speaker 1: that there's a roughly a hundred miles per hours the

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Speaker 1: speed they would be going up. Okay, yeah, some of

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Speaker 1: the estimates I was looking at the talking about maybe

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Speaker 1: a week or so on board that thing. So I'm

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Speaker 1: guessing they'll probably some of that view to look at

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Speaker 1: the home, but there's some of the thirteen tons though.

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Speaker 1: You're gonna have to have your snack bars and your

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Speaker 1: places for the Grandma's to stay. You know, how are

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Speaker 1: the space bathroom work for Grandma yeah, because that's tricky,

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Speaker 1: wouldn't you think, Yeah, it would on several levels. Um.

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Speaker 1: And then of course we have the ground station. Right,

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Speaker 1: let's not forget about the ground and has where's that

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Speaker 1: going to be? Well, the best scenario as far as

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Speaker 1: I've heard, is in the ocean, right, because you want

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Speaker 1: to have um, you don't want anybody getting close to it, right,

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Speaker 1: So the ocean is the best place to have like

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Speaker 1: a hundred mile no fly zone keep planes from accidentally

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Speaker 1: running into it. Um. No, you know, to keep your

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Speaker 1: villainous folk away from it in case they want to Yeah,

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Speaker 1: crazy people you know, anti space elevator, terrorists, etcetera. Um.

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Speaker 1: And then also if something goes wrong, I mean, it's

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Speaker 1: all that's another reason to stay back from it, right.

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Speaker 1: It's a it's a pretty big investment with new technology,

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Speaker 1: right right. And any other thing is that it needs

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Speaker 1: to be near the equator, right, Robert correct. Which also

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Speaker 1: has the benefit of of having there being fewer like

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Speaker 1: catastrophic storms in that area, so you don't have to

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Speaker 1: worry about like hurricanes blowing your tether around, gotcha, Right,

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Speaker 1: So there will be a bit of movement kind of

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Speaker 1: like a guitar sty for the tether, which would be

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Speaker 1: a tad bit unsettling. Yeah, but it's kind of like,

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Speaker 1: you know, you want a little a little give and

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Speaker 1: take even with a skyscraper, So you definitely want some

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Speaker 1: give and take with something that stretches, uh six miles. Yes, intuitively,

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Speaker 1: I know that, but I'm still saying that I might

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Speaker 1: be a little bit frightened when that thing started. Wouldn't help. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: So why space elevator? What's the motivation behind it? I

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Speaker 1: think you guys know the answer to this. But um,

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Speaker 1: one of the people who's interested in this is a

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Speaker 1: company called Liftports, and their goal is to be the

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Speaker 1: folks behind mass transportation system that allows people to take

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Speaker 1: advantage of space and all the resources that space offers,

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Speaker 1: whether it's you know, mining asteroids or a helium three.

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Speaker 1: I mean, they want to be the transportation system for

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Speaker 1: even the smallest entrepreneur. Right. And the other great thing

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Speaker 1: about a space elevator is not just like physical um cargo,

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Speaker 1: but it would be a way to transport energy, a

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Speaker 1: way to transmit communications, um, you know in the information

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Speaker 1: it's uh, you know, it becomes a highway for for

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Speaker 1: all those things. Right, we break free the Earth, and

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Speaker 1: we start colonizing other worlds we established in the inter stations.

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Speaker 1: We finally get to go to Marsha or actually if

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Speaker 1: you we put a satellite into orbit and we make

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Speaker 1: a man and some robots watch bad movies on it,

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Speaker 1: like Mystery Sense Theater three thousand. They have a space

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Speaker 1: elevator of sorts in that show, is called the Umbilicus,

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Speaker 1: and they would Dr Clayton Forester would send the movie

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Speaker 1: up through that. So there's another sci fi example of

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Speaker 1: space elevator for you. Right. They're all over science fiction,

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Speaker 1: And there was also one of them book I just

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Speaker 1: read called Fearsome Engine by Ian M. Banks. I highly

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Speaker 1: recommend that to anybody who's into um into science fiction,

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Speaker 1: because there's a whole lot of like craze like anything.

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Speaker 1: I'm not gonna give any what anything like, except say

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Speaker 1: it has less of cyberpunk stuff in it. It has

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Speaker 1: stuff having to do with like um, with civilizations in

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Speaker 1: the Kardashef scale. It has stuff to do with like megastructures, um.

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Speaker 1: And there's in this particular world there was at one

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Speaker 1: point a space elevator, but it's long since been taken down.

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Speaker 1: That's a pretty glowing recommendation. So what are we talking

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Speaker 1: about for price to get Grandma on the space elevator?

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Speaker 1: The price, Yeah, I think it was a hundred dollars

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Speaker 1: per pound. So that's going to be a price of

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Speaker 1: a pretty serious plane ticket plus um luggage. Right, so

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Speaker 1: there maybe a hundred fifty pounds. You want to bring

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Speaker 1: fifty pounds of luggage, then you're talking roughly free Grandma

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Speaker 1: if you're a hundred fifty pounds. Wait, but why is

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Speaker 1: Grandma bringing fifty pounds of stuff in orbit? I don't

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Speaker 1: get that this Gamma need that many things. I just

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Speaker 1: like how much. I don't know. Maybe it's just a

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Speaker 1: lot of birthday cards to send now and stuff with

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Speaker 1: five dollar bills. I'm not really sure. I was just saying,

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Speaker 1: because you think of fifty pounds as the limit, you

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Speaker 1: know from when they you stick here, Well, I guess

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Speaker 1: you gotta bring a space suit, space food, all that stuff.

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Speaker 1: It ends up wings and max. Yeah. But one of

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Speaker 1: the thing is like sending anything into orbit, like using rockets.

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Speaker 1: That's the huge prices. The huge part of the price

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Speaker 1: tag is like you want to send food into space,

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Speaker 1: It's really expensive because it has to you know, right

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Speaker 1: on top of rockets. So it is inflated. As this

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Speaker 1: price might sound, it's a bargain. It's total bargain sending

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Speaker 1: it up in a rocket. Yeah, and then price of

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Speaker 1: building it, some would argue as a bargain as well.

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Speaker 1: That's going to be around the realm of ten billion,

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Speaker 1: that's one estimate. Well, we've we've spent that much on

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Speaker 1: things that were far less beneficial to the human race before.

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Speaker 1: So I think no doubt. I'm all for it. Ten million.

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Speaker 1: Sock it away, start saving right now. Um. So you

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Speaker 1: may be thinking this is kind of fringe, and yes,

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Speaker 1: it is far off, but it's not fringe. Lest you

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Speaker 1: think it is fringe, let's talk about some of the

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Speaker 1: people and agencies that are involved in this. We've got

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Speaker 1: you know, NASA and the Las Alamos National Laboratory. We've

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Speaker 1: folks from m I, T you see, Berkeley, Locked Martin,

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Speaker 1: European Space Society, all sorts of people and they all

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Speaker 1: get together every year. In fact, they're holding in August

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Speaker 1: two thousand ten Space Elevator Conference in Redmond, Washington. In

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Speaker 1: case you guys want to attend, I just give the

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Speaker 1: image of a bunch of scientist building a space elevator

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Speaker 1: like out in the field. Yeah, I don't think this

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Speaker 1: is it. I think it's got a little bit more

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Speaker 1: to it. So, among other things, are going to be

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Speaker 1: focusing on the four pillars of Space elevator development, and

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Speaker 1: those are science and technical aspects, Political, social, Yeah, because

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Speaker 1: obviously there's a like, how do you arrange to have

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Speaker 1: this giant section of of ocean that you're going to

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Speaker 1: erect it in? How do you, you know, convince people

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Speaker 1: there's not going to wreck their satellites, etcetera? Right? How

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Speaker 1: do you figure out who gets to ride on it,

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Speaker 1: who owns stuff, and who gets all the benefits from it,

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Speaker 1: you know, cost wise? Yeah, you're you're basically building a

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Speaker 1: gateway to like the Eighth Continent, you know, if you

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Speaker 1: can consider space or the Moon and the eighth continent,

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Speaker 1: and then it's like who owns the Eighth Continent? Right?

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Speaker 1: So another thing that they're going to be doing at

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Speaker 1: this Space Elevator conference is they're going to be holding

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Speaker 1: a materials engineering challenge that will play into the space

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Speaker 1: elevator development, and it's called the Strong Tether Competition. I

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Speaker 1: know you guys are wondering where I'm going with this,

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Speaker 1: but I promise you it has a point. So this

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Speaker 1: is a NASA sponsored challenge in which tames enter some

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Speaker 1: super strong tether that's subjected to a pool test. Right,

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Speaker 1: So in order to win the two million dollar prize,

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Speaker 1: that's no small chump change. The tether has to exceed

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Speaker 1: the strength of the best available commercial tether by with

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Speaker 1: no increase in mass. I wonder what they have pulling

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Speaker 1: on it, Like DoD they have those big, big guys

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Speaker 1: from the World's Strongest Man competition. That would be amusing.

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Speaker 1: I don't know. But at the two thousand nine Space

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Speaker 1: Elevator Conference, no one participated except for one exhibition only team,

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Speaker 1: and they brought with them a two point two meter

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Speaker 1: length of carbon nanotube. So carbon nanotube, you guys will remember,

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Speaker 1: is what some people have proposed building the elevators tether

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Speaker 1: out of. So according to NASA, this loop that the

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Speaker 1: team brought with them failed at a level that's well

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Speaker 1: below expected strength. But the fact that they made the

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Speaker 1: carbon nanotube loop was good news because we need that

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Speaker 1: ribbon first space elevator. So the main reason we're focusing

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Speaker 1: so much on the tether is of clearly it's a

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Speaker 1: key component that's the space elevator, but the materials technology

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Speaker 1: just and quite there yet. When will we have it though,

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Speaker 1: we're looking at what October thirty one. Yeah, they have

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Speaker 1: a running clock on their website and they have slated

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Speaker 1: October twenty one as the date. Two thousand one. I

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Speaker 1: gotta say, I'm pretty excited. Yeah, yeah, I bet they'll

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Speaker 1: Maybe they'll have the deal where you can like be

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Speaker 1: like going up in space, um on the on the

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Speaker 1: virgin Ship. You know, you can buy your tickets ahead

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Speaker 1: of time before the things even build. Yeah, there's gonna

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Speaker 1: be a lot of hype before that. Hey, So in

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Speaker 1: case you guys have nothing to do before two one,

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Speaker 1: when I go to the homepage and check out how

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Speaker 1: space elevators will work, or how space tourism works, or

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Speaker 1: how the Google Lunar exerprese works. Yeah, we have a

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Speaker 1: lot of great, great space content, so check it out.

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Speaker 1: And we're constantly throwing those links up to some of

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Speaker 1: these space related content pieces on our Twitter and our Facebook.

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Speaker 1: That's a stuff from the Science Lab on Facebook, Lab

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Speaker 1: stuff on Twitter. I also do a little stuff for

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Speaker 1: Discovery Space, so I'd like to throw that on to

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Speaker 1: the website as well. Yeah, you're pimping yourself there, Robert.

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Speaker 1: Nice work. So I got a little listener mail that

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Speaker 1: I would love to share. This could be my favorite

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Speaker 1: ever piece of listener mail, although we have gotten some

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Speaker 1: good ones, and it seems to be trending that we're

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Speaker 1: getting very interesting pictures from you all, which I really like.

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Speaker 1: In the past, we've received pictures of people's pet rats.

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Speaker 1: With your marvelous pictures of of listeners composting efforts. We

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Speaker 1: got that one with the lizards regenerated tale, which was

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Speaker 1: pretty awesome. That was good. But then then this this morning,

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Speaker 1: it was interaction and this one came from Jenna in Vancouver,

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Speaker 1: and Jenna writes, Hey, I just started listening to this

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Speaker 1: podcast and listening to back episodes, so you have to

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Speaker 1: excuse me for sending an email on an old one.

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Speaker 1: Please forgive you, Chenna, but I really do have something

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Speaker 1: to share on your podcast about hookworm. Three years ago,

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Speaker 1: I caught kanaan hookworm on a beach in Ghana. This

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Speaker 1: has a different life cycle in humans because we're dead

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Speaker 1: and host so instead of going to the lungs and intestine,

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Speaker 1: it pretty much just crawls around your foot. This was

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Speaker 1: probably the worst experience of my life, as it is

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Speaker 1: incredibly itchy. Luckily, by the time it really manifested itself,

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Speaker 1: I was in Scotland. Listen, she's in Ghana and then

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Speaker 1: she's in Scotland. Janna, you're a world traveler bringing parasites

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Speaker 1: all over the place, I know, right, So she's in

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Speaker 1: Scotland and they have cold water. Because the only way

427
00:21:27,680 --> 00:21:29,760
Speaker 1: I could sleep was to soak both the until he

428
00:21:29,800 --> 00:21:31,600
Speaker 1: went numb up to the ankle, at which point I

429
00:21:31,600 --> 00:21:34,120
Speaker 1: could sleep for two hours before getting up to numb

430
00:21:34,160 --> 00:21:37,280
Speaker 1: them again. Well, okay, so she she talks a little

431
00:21:37,280 --> 00:21:40,240
Speaker 1: bit more about the process, but she wraps up and says, now,

432
00:21:40,280 --> 00:21:42,399
Speaker 1: it's just a super fun and totally gross story that

433
00:21:42,440 --> 00:21:44,959
Speaker 1: I have pictures to prove. And indeed, Jenna sent us

434
00:21:45,080 --> 00:21:47,879
Speaker 1: the pictures of her foot with the hook room and

435
00:21:47,920 --> 00:21:50,040
Speaker 1: it is awesome. I'm about to give the photo out

436
00:21:50,040 --> 00:21:52,800
Speaker 1: again and look at it again just to re experienced it,

437
00:21:52,880 --> 00:21:56,080
Speaker 1: and it is so gross. It's just oh, I mean fit,

438
00:21:56,440 --> 00:21:58,400
Speaker 1: will you sent this photo in knowing that we would

439
00:21:58,720 --> 00:22:01,120
Speaker 1: be grossed out by your feet? Your feet are gross

440
00:22:01,200 --> 00:22:03,040
Speaker 1: in this photo because you can I'm sure they're lovely

441
00:22:03,080 --> 00:22:06,680
Speaker 1: now they're Jenna well, it's well, maybe we can put

442
00:22:06,680 --> 00:22:09,200
Speaker 1: this on the block. We would have to ask for question,

443
00:22:09,280 --> 00:22:11,960
Speaker 1: but yeah, maybe. Well it's not for the fan of heart,

444
00:22:12,080 --> 00:22:15,160
Speaker 1: it really isn't. It's like it's little worms crawling under

445
00:22:15,200 --> 00:22:16,760
Speaker 1: the skin kind of and it kind of looks but

446
00:22:16,800 --> 00:22:21,080
Speaker 1: it also kind of looks like like poison ivy um.

447
00:22:21,119 --> 00:22:22,840
Speaker 1: But you can see the path of the worm, which

448
00:22:22,880 --> 00:22:25,160
Speaker 1: is awesome, Like you can just yeah, because the whole

449
00:22:25,160 --> 00:22:26,919
Speaker 1: thing is like they used to have to like like

450
00:22:26,960 --> 00:22:28,880
Speaker 1: get it out and like spin it around a little

451
00:22:28,920 --> 00:22:31,399
Speaker 1: stick and you can just imagine somebody doing it to

452
00:22:31,440 --> 00:22:36,440
Speaker 1: these feet. Yeah, so that was disgusting and awesome. Yeah,

453
00:22:36,440 --> 00:22:38,760
Speaker 1: thanks Jenna, And that's all we got for listener now today.

454
00:22:38,880 --> 00:22:41,359
Speaker 1: So I think that wraps it up. Yeah, you guys

455
00:22:41,359 --> 00:22:46,280
Speaker 1: have thoughts on spaceworms space worms, Well, yeah, if you

456
00:22:46,320 --> 00:22:48,480
Speaker 1: have thoughts on spaceworms, centnamon because I would love to

457
00:22:48,480 --> 00:22:50,560
Speaker 1: know what that entails. But if you have thoughts on

458
00:22:50,720 --> 00:22:57,399
Speaker 1: just parasitic worms or space separate thoughts. And uh and indeed,

459
00:22:57,440 --> 00:22:59,639
Speaker 1: if you have some sort of horrific infection and you

460
00:22:59,680 --> 00:23:02,520
Speaker 1: have does that you're rather proud of send them in.

461
00:23:03,119 --> 00:23:06,080
Speaker 1: I guess I will look at that, Robert, I will

462
00:23:06,160 --> 00:23:08,320
Speaker 1: definitely look at him. I love this stuff. Yes, send

463
00:23:08,359 --> 00:23:10,240
Speaker 1: us an email at science stuff at how staff works

464
00:23:10,280 --> 00:23:20,760
Speaker 1: dot com. Thanks guys for more on this and thousands

465
00:23:20,800 --> 00:23:23,760
Speaker 1: of other topics. Is it how stuff works dot com.

466
00:23:24,040 --> 00:23:26,800
Speaker 1: Want more how stuff works, check out our blogs on

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00:23:26,880 --> 00:23:28,600
Speaker 1: the house stuff works dot com home page