1 00:00:09,400 --> 00:00:13,520 Speaker 1: From Mediator's World News headquarters in Bozeman, Montana. This is 2 00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:17,479 Speaker 1: Kel's we can review with Ryan kel kell in now 3 00:00:17,760 --> 00:00:24,040 Speaker 1: here's kel weak penis bones or brittle baculum in Otter's 4 00:00:24,239 --> 00:00:29,000 Speaker 1: point to excessive contamination around Alberta's oil sands So you know, 5 00:00:29,600 --> 00:00:35,320 Speaker 1: check that tap water fellas A recent study performed in 6 00:00:35,440 --> 00:00:39,239 Speaker 1: part by the Joint Oil Sands Monitoring Project, which is 7 00:00:39,560 --> 00:00:43,880 Speaker 1: quote the governments of Canada and Alberta working with indigenous 8 00:00:43,920 --> 00:00:48,839 Speaker 1: peoples and their communities, stakeholders, and environmental agencies to ensure 9 00:00:48,880 --> 00:00:53,559 Speaker 1: the oil sands region is developed in a responsible way. Together, 10 00:00:53,720 --> 00:00:58,120 Speaker 1: they are working to provide comprehensive environmental monitoring data and 11 00:00:58,240 --> 00:01:02,160 Speaker 1: information to improve on understanding of the long term cumulative 12 00:01:02,160 --> 00:01:06,760 Speaker 1: effects of oil sands development. We don't yet know what 13 00:01:06,920 --> 00:01:11,120 Speaker 1: long term means, but in the now term, those frisky 14 00:01:11,120 --> 00:01:15,800 Speaker 1: otters are underperforming. If you have never heard of oil 15 00:01:15,800 --> 00:01:19,880 Speaker 1: sands before, think of really thick oil called bit umen, 16 00:01:20,160 --> 00:01:23,320 Speaker 1: which is mixed with sand and gravel sometimes hard rock. 17 00:01:24,040 --> 00:01:28,080 Speaker 1: Bit Jumen is most commonly extracted using drill rigs that 18 00:01:28,160 --> 00:01:31,120 Speaker 1: treat the bit yumen in place in order to make 19 00:01:31,160 --> 00:01:35,120 Speaker 1: it flow. This is done either by delution or heating 20 00:01:35,440 --> 00:01:38,399 Speaker 1: of the bit umen, injecting steam into the deposit, which 21 00:01:38,440 --> 00:01:42,080 Speaker 1: sort of liquefies the bit human. The pressure forces it 22 00:01:42,120 --> 00:01:44,840 Speaker 1: to the surface through a return pipe. That's a real 23 00:01:45,000 --> 00:01:49,120 Speaker 1: quick and dirty rundown, which is appropriate because you're dealing 24 00:01:49,160 --> 00:01:52,240 Speaker 1: with oil and lots of liquid and sometimes it's dirty. 25 00:01:52,480 --> 00:01:55,840 Speaker 1: Thousands of gallons of water used in extraction, and during 26 00:01:55,880 --> 00:01:59,400 Speaker 1: this process other minerals are extracted and things leach into 27 00:01:59,400 --> 00:02:02,640 Speaker 1: the soil, which is why the Joint Oil Sands Monitoring 28 00:02:02,680 --> 00:02:06,840 Speaker 1: Project exists. When people refer to the Alberta oil sands, 29 00:02:06,880 --> 00:02:10,560 Speaker 1: they're talking about the Peas River area, the Athabaska which 30 00:02:10,600 --> 00:02:14,280 Speaker 1: is the largest, or the Cold Lake area. Reports from 31 00:02:14,360 --> 00:02:18,120 Speaker 1: primarily Dean and cree trappers who count on the furs 32 00:02:18,200 --> 00:02:21,880 Speaker 1: from species like otters for income have been noting otter 33 00:02:22,000 --> 00:02:28,160 Speaker 1: litter sizes seemed consistently small. These reports raised the natural 34 00:02:28,280 --> 00:02:31,480 Speaker 1: question that comes to mind, how are their vaculums doing. 35 00:02:32,280 --> 00:02:34,680 Speaker 1: The vaculum, for those of you who do not know, 36 00:02:35,040 --> 00:02:38,440 Speaker 1: is the proper name for the penis bone. Weak penis 37 00:02:38,440 --> 00:02:42,000 Speaker 1: bones have proven to be associated with poor litter sizes 38 00:02:42,160 --> 00:02:46,520 Speaker 1: and reduced litters in general. Lots of animals have vaculums. 39 00:02:46,720 --> 00:02:51,800 Speaker 1: Humans do not, but guerrillas and chimpanzees do. Bears, badgers, 40 00:02:51,919 --> 00:02:56,399 Speaker 1: raccoons all have baculums. Fun fact for you. In some 41 00:02:56,520 --> 00:03:01,440 Speaker 1: bear hunting circles, the baculum is boiled, cleaned, and then 42 00:03:01,600 --> 00:03:04,640 Speaker 1: lightly sealed with a food safe lacquer and used as 43 00:03:04,639 --> 00:03:08,280 Speaker 1: a cocktail stir stick. If you think that's in poor taste, 44 00:03:08,400 --> 00:03:12,239 Speaker 1: I agree, the badger vaculum is much more noteworthy than 45 00:03:12,280 --> 00:03:18,920 Speaker 1: the bears. Anyway, No matter what your cocktail of choices, 46 00:03:19,400 --> 00:03:22,600 Speaker 1: you don't want a brittle vacuum breaking in your booze. 47 00:03:22,960 --> 00:03:25,880 Speaker 1: You don't want animal suffering in the let's call it 48 00:03:26,000 --> 00:03:30,600 Speaker 1: bedroom for our oil consumption. Either, Trappers near and far 49 00:03:30,639 --> 00:03:33,519 Speaker 1: away from the oil sands sent in the penis bones 50 00:03:33,680 --> 00:03:37,040 Speaker 1: they collected to McMaster University lab where they were tested 51 00:03:37,080 --> 00:03:41,120 Speaker 1: in several ways for strength, including measuring the amount of 52 00:03:41,200 --> 00:03:44,960 Speaker 1: pressure it took to snap the bones in half. Now 53 00:03:45,160 --> 00:03:49,040 Speaker 1: I know the relationship of weak penis bone to undersize 54 00:03:49,120 --> 00:03:53,000 Speaker 1: offspring count is documented, so that is likely why the 55 00:03:53,040 --> 00:03:56,080 Speaker 1: penis bone was selected as the bone to send in 56 00:03:56,240 --> 00:03:59,440 Speaker 1: and break. But couldn't they just have easily pulled a 57 00:03:59,520 --> 00:04:03,200 Speaker 1: tooth or a fingerbone One all bones show the same 58 00:04:03,240 --> 00:04:08,040 Speaker 1: weakness to someone out there maybe have an agenda. The 59 00:04:08,080 --> 00:04:11,520 Speaker 1: outcome of this relay of information from Cree and Dean 60 00:04:11,600 --> 00:04:15,080 Speaker 1: trappers to study is that otters in areas with low 61 00:04:15,160 --> 00:04:19,760 Speaker 1: hydrocarbons have strong penis bones. Otters in areas with higher 62 00:04:19,800 --> 00:04:24,440 Speaker 1: contamination higher hydrocarbon counts have weaker penis bones and will 63 00:04:24,520 --> 00:04:28,719 Speaker 1: produce fewer offspring. This story and study is a great 64 00:04:28,720 --> 00:04:31,960 Speaker 1: example of how boots on the ground conversations of people 65 00:04:32,040 --> 00:04:35,960 Speaker 1: who are intimately involved with the resource can effectively communicate 66 00:04:36,120 --> 00:04:39,480 Speaker 1: and help get that scientific backing which is needed to 67 00:04:39,560 --> 00:04:42,920 Speaker 1: take action on an issue, especially if folks are making 68 00:04:42,960 --> 00:04:45,919 Speaker 1: money on it. I know that the reaction to this 69 00:04:45,960 --> 00:04:49,320 Speaker 1: study will be far too slow for the trappers, but 70 00:04:49,400 --> 00:04:52,279 Speaker 1: the combination of folks in the lab, publishing a peer 71 00:04:52,320 --> 00:04:55,600 Speaker 1: reviewed study, and those stories from the people that live 72 00:04:55,640 --> 00:04:59,280 Speaker 1: with the wildlife, the insiders and the outsiders, will be 73 00:04:59,360 --> 00:05:02,880 Speaker 1: more effect of than one or the other. The full 74 00:05:02,880 --> 00:05:07,720 Speaker 1: report can be found in Chemosphere Scientific Journal titled Coexposures 75 00:05:07,760 --> 00:05:12,599 Speaker 1: to Trace Elements and polycrylic Aromatic Compounds Impacts North American 76 00:05:12,720 --> 00:05:16,320 Speaker 1: River Otter Bacuum. If that doesn't get you excited, well 77 00:05:16,520 --> 00:05:21,000 Speaker 1: you might be swimming in the wrong water. This week, 78 00:05:21,200 --> 00:05:26,120 Speaker 1: we've got fishing reports, anti sense legislation, frozen squirrels, and 79 00:05:26,320 --> 00:05:29,119 Speaker 1: so much more. But first I'm gonna tell you about 80 00:05:29,120 --> 00:05:34,159 Speaker 1: my week and my week as well as This podcast 81 00:05:34,400 --> 00:05:37,960 Speaker 1: is sponsored by Steel Power Equipment. If you're thinking about 82 00:05:38,120 --> 00:05:41,039 Speaker 1: tools that stand the test of time, do me a 83 00:05:41,080 --> 00:05:43,840 Speaker 1: favor and check out your local steel dealer. Tell him 84 00:05:43,880 --> 00:05:46,359 Speaker 1: cal Sanya. They may not know who I am, but 85 00:05:46,400 --> 00:05:48,920 Speaker 1: then you get to do them the favor of educating 86 00:05:48,960 --> 00:05:52,440 Speaker 1: them on a great podcast. Anyway, I met up with 87 00:05:52,520 --> 00:05:55,040 Speaker 1: some friends and we completely lucked out on a duck 88 00:05:55,120 --> 00:05:58,839 Speaker 1: and goose scenario. I had exactly five duck decoys in 89 00:05:58,839 --> 00:06:01,960 Speaker 1: my truck. We had solid wind, and got permission on 90 00:06:02,000 --> 00:06:05,320 Speaker 1: a pond where it seemed every bird wanted to be. 91 00:06:06,160 --> 00:06:09,160 Speaker 1: On top of that, the mallards and Canada geese were 92 00:06:09,240 --> 00:06:12,760 Speaker 1: really responding to calls, so much so that we got 93 00:06:12,760 --> 00:06:15,440 Speaker 1: several groups of geese to commit to landing on this 94 00:06:15,520 --> 00:06:18,880 Speaker 1: tiny body of water. It was great. We shot really 95 00:06:18,920 --> 00:06:21,560 Speaker 1: well and had all the elements working for us. The 96 00:06:21,600 --> 00:06:24,800 Speaker 1: first day, the wind switched and we shot poorly the 97 00:06:24,839 --> 00:06:29,000 Speaker 1: second day, but Snort got exactly what she needed a 98 00:06:29,160 --> 00:06:32,760 Speaker 1: lot of retrieving, she got a lot of water work, 99 00:06:32,960 --> 00:06:36,600 Speaker 1: multiple birds falling at the same time. Her first goose retrieves. 100 00:06:36,960 --> 00:06:39,880 Speaker 1: I think she ended up retrieving seven geese, some of 101 00:06:39,920 --> 00:06:43,080 Speaker 1: which were probably a quarter of her body weight. She 102 00:06:43,240 --> 00:06:47,200 Speaker 1: still has so much to learn, but this weekend was huge, 103 00:06:47,240 --> 00:06:50,600 Speaker 1: particularly with the geese. And I'll admit it was not 104 00:06:50,680 --> 00:06:52,960 Speaker 1: the plan to have her retrieve geese on this hunt, 105 00:06:53,000 --> 00:06:56,080 Speaker 1: but it happened. I will say if I had given 106 00:06:56,120 --> 00:07:00,240 Speaker 1: her an out, said no or leave it, she likely 107 00:07:00,320 --> 00:07:03,520 Speaker 1: would not have gotten anywhere near a goose. Possibly. Ever, again, 108 00:07:04,120 --> 00:07:07,400 Speaker 1: there was a lot of loud encouragement over the weekend. 109 00:07:07,720 --> 00:07:11,320 Speaker 1: It was needed. This is the most experience at the 110 00:07:11,440 --> 00:07:15,080 Speaker 1: youngest age compared to any of my previous Labrador retrievers. 111 00:07:15,440 --> 00:07:18,760 Speaker 1: And it seems to me that this dog, perhaps because 112 00:07:18,800 --> 00:07:22,960 Speaker 1: of her age of only seven months, perhaps just her personality, 113 00:07:23,200 --> 00:07:26,920 Speaker 1: does question some of what the shooting results in. One 114 00:07:26,960 --> 00:07:29,480 Speaker 1: of the best things to happen on our hike out 115 00:07:29,480 --> 00:07:31,960 Speaker 1: of this hole we were in is she picked up 116 00:07:31,960 --> 00:07:35,240 Speaker 1: a mallard and chose to carry it the quarter mile 117 00:07:35,400 --> 00:07:37,680 Speaker 1: or so back to the truck, which, you know, it 118 00:07:37,800 --> 00:07:41,200 Speaker 1: just made me very proud, seemed to be a very 119 00:07:41,280 --> 00:07:43,800 Speaker 1: proud little girl walking to her duck all the way 120 00:07:43,840 --> 00:07:47,760 Speaker 1: back to the truck. Late season, Mallard's are the last 121 00:07:47,840 --> 00:07:50,080 Speaker 1: thing to go into the freezer and the first thing 122 00:07:50,160 --> 00:07:54,080 Speaker 1: to come back out. It is some of my absolute favorite, 123 00:07:54,120 --> 00:07:58,920 Speaker 1: deliciously fatty meat. One thing I often think of in 124 00:07:58,960 --> 00:08:03,880 Speaker 1: regards to water is hunters or shooters saved these migratory 125 00:08:03,920 --> 00:08:08,280 Speaker 1: species from likely extinction. We hunters fed the restaurants of 126 00:08:08,320 --> 00:08:13,320 Speaker 1: metropolitan areas and boomtowns on wild waterfowl until they started 127 00:08:13,360 --> 00:08:16,800 Speaker 1: to not show up. The demand for migratory birds as 128 00:08:16,920 --> 00:08:20,680 Speaker 1: food to be paid for took millions of birds from 129 00:08:20,680 --> 00:08:23,160 Speaker 1: the sky and the big waters of the Great Lakes 130 00:08:23,160 --> 00:08:27,680 Speaker 1: and Chesapeake Bay and the Sacramento Delta. Now, however, even 131 00:08:27,720 --> 00:08:31,160 Speaker 1: amongst some of my friends that hunt ducks heavily, there 132 00:08:31,400 --> 00:08:34,120 Speaker 1: is this shuffle of how the hell do we get 133 00:08:34,200 --> 00:08:37,200 Speaker 1: rid of these birds? It's crazy to me, and I 134 00:08:37,280 --> 00:08:40,880 Speaker 1: find the attitude pretty darned disrespectful to the resource that 135 00:08:40,960 --> 00:08:46,720 Speaker 1: was saved by hunters. Canada geese for dummies. Take the 136 00:08:46,760 --> 00:08:49,560 Speaker 1: breast and thigh meat, throw it in a pressure cooker 137 00:08:49,600 --> 00:08:53,080 Speaker 1: with plain water for fifteen minutes. You can get fancier 138 00:08:53,080 --> 00:08:56,240 Speaker 1: than this, but This is the simplest way. Shred the meat. 139 00:08:56,559 --> 00:08:59,080 Speaker 1: It tastes like dark meat turkey, and you can add 140 00:08:59,120 --> 00:09:01,720 Speaker 1: it to whatever and mix it with barbecue sauce and 141 00:09:01,760 --> 00:09:04,560 Speaker 1: anyone will eat it and ask for more. If you 142 00:09:04,559 --> 00:09:06,400 Speaker 1: want to take that to the next level, throw some 143 00:09:06,480 --> 00:09:08,640 Speaker 1: fat in a pan. Take that shredded meat in there, 144 00:09:08,800 --> 00:09:11,880 Speaker 1: let it crisp up heavily. Season it with tacos seasoning. 145 00:09:11,960 --> 00:09:14,760 Speaker 1: Then you got carnetas. You'll never give away a darned 146 00:09:14,800 --> 00:09:20,080 Speaker 1: Canada goose again. Ducks for dummies, take those breasts and 147 00:09:20,200 --> 00:09:24,120 Speaker 1: thighs skin off. If you're someone who does not enjoy flavor, 148 00:09:24,480 --> 00:09:26,280 Speaker 1: put a little bit of butter in a pan. Get 149 00:09:26,320 --> 00:09:29,720 Speaker 1: it hot. While you're doing this, you've coated your breasts 150 00:09:29,720 --> 00:09:32,920 Speaker 1: and thighs and salt, a little pinch cayenne, a dash 151 00:09:33,080 --> 00:09:37,760 Speaker 1: maple syrup, fat, salt, sugar, heat. Cook it to medium rare. 152 00:09:38,360 --> 00:09:42,320 Speaker 1: If you cannot stomach medium rare, check out Hankshaws duck 153 00:09:42,400 --> 00:09:46,559 Speaker 1: hunters sausage. If you have ever made a handmade burger, 154 00:09:47,200 --> 00:09:50,240 Speaker 1: you can make this sausage. You'll never give away a 155 00:09:50,360 --> 00:09:57,720 Speaker 1: duck again. Moving on HR eight to eight to restrict 156 00:09:57,800 --> 00:10:00,520 Speaker 1: the use of steel jaw leg hold try apps and 157 00:10:00,640 --> 00:10:04,480 Speaker 1: conna bet traps on animals. In the United States. This 158 00:10:04,559 --> 00:10:07,120 Speaker 1: Act may be cited as the Public Safety and Wildlife 159 00:10:07,160 --> 00:10:10,200 Speaker 1: Protection Act. It is the policy in the United States 160 00:10:10,240 --> 00:10:13,760 Speaker 1: to reduce risk to public safety, as well as unnecessary 161 00:10:13,840 --> 00:10:18,559 Speaker 1: harm to companion animals and wildlife from indiscriminate and injurious 162 00:10:18,600 --> 00:10:22,280 Speaker 1: trapping methods by prohibiting the import or export of, and 163 00:10:22,280 --> 00:10:26,680 Speaker 1: the shipment in interstate commerce of steel jaw, leg hold traps, 164 00:10:26,679 --> 00:10:29,840 Speaker 1: and conna bet traps. It shall be unlawful for any 165 00:10:29,840 --> 00:10:33,439 Speaker 1: person to import, export, deliver, carry, transport by a means 166 00:10:33,480 --> 00:10:42,360 Speaker 1: anywhere or whatever, and do Long and short is they 167 00:10:42,360 --> 00:10:47,000 Speaker 1: want to ban trapping. Introduced by Congressional Representative Atoms of 168 00:10:47,080 --> 00:10:51,120 Speaker 1: North Carolina's twelfth district. This is a bill that would 169 00:10:51,240 --> 00:10:55,520 Speaker 1: end trapping in America. And remember trapping is not done 170 00:10:55,800 --> 00:11:01,520 Speaker 1: only by backwoods cariculture type folks or young Stephen Ronnella's 171 00:11:01,520 --> 00:11:05,520 Speaker 1: putting themselves through community college, or by those cree and 172 00:11:05,600 --> 00:11:09,240 Speaker 1: dean trappers that are currently saving otters. There are no 173 00:11:09,280 --> 00:11:13,920 Speaker 1: provisions here for research for conflict mitigation. Only for mice. 174 00:11:14,760 --> 00:11:17,760 Speaker 1: It is, according to HR eight to eight, just fine 175 00:11:17,760 --> 00:11:20,719 Speaker 1: to kill mice with traps which really makes me want 176 00:11:20,720 --> 00:11:23,720 Speaker 1: to have a conversation with this congress person. So let's 177 00:11:23,760 --> 00:11:26,439 Speaker 1: just send this one to the bottom of the round file, 178 00:11:26,520 --> 00:11:31,120 Speaker 1: shall we. Even if you don't like the idea of trapping, 179 00:11:31,480 --> 00:11:34,000 Speaker 1: even when it's a conna bear trap designed to snap 180 00:11:34,040 --> 00:11:36,160 Speaker 1: the neck of the animal that triggers the trap, just 181 00:11:36,240 --> 00:11:39,520 Speaker 1: like a mouse trap, which is apparently totally fine, you 182 00:11:39,920 --> 00:11:43,280 Speaker 1: do like what trapping does for you, Whether you live 183 00:11:43,320 --> 00:11:46,920 Speaker 1: in a community that could be flooded by industrious beavers, 184 00:11:46,920 --> 00:11:50,480 Speaker 1: a community that occasionally gets rabies outbreaks, which we have 185 00:11:50,600 --> 00:11:53,920 Speaker 1: covered here over and over again, or a bird hunter 186 00:11:54,040 --> 00:11:57,480 Speaker 1: that likes finding birds. A bit of trapping does benefit 187 00:11:57,559 --> 00:12:01,000 Speaker 1: all of us, which let's be on us. This bill 188 00:12:01,040 --> 00:12:04,679 Speaker 1: still leaves room for trapping. It just says that live 189 00:12:04,760 --> 00:12:07,760 Speaker 1: trapping is better. It says that it is better to 190 00:12:07,800 --> 00:12:10,200 Speaker 1: put a wild animal in a trap, let it stay 191 00:12:10,240 --> 00:12:13,839 Speaker 1: alive as it is transported somewhere away from prying eyes, 192 00:12:13,920 --> 00:12:16,960 Speaker 1: to then be killed. I'll tell you right now that 193 00:12:17,040 --> 00:12:20,280 Speaker 1: I've spent some time with some trappers. Some of them 194 00:12:20,320 --> 00:12:23,199 Speaker 1: are their own worst enemy. There needs to be good, 195 00:12:23,240 --> 00:12:27,120 Speaker 1: responsible behavior. There needs to be good spokespeople for trapping, 196 00:12:27,400 --> 00:12:30,720 Speaker 1: and there needs to be a better understanding of what 197 00:12:30,920 --> 00:12:34,000 Speaker 1: trapping is. There's a lot of trapping that goes on 198 00:12:34,120 --> 00:12:37,359 Speaker 1: in the United States. Again, a lot of that benefits 199 00:12:37,360 --> 00:12:40,560 Speaker 1: people that live in cities too. Now it should be 200 00:12:40,640 --> 00:12:44,360 Speaker 1: on everyone's New Year's resolution to get more familiar with 201 00:12:44,400 --> 00:12:48,840 Speaker 1: your elected representatives at all levels of government. And this 202 00:12:49,160 --> 00:12:52,720 Speaker 1: is a softball to start with. We manage wildlife in 203 00:12:52,720 --> 00:12:55,280 Speaker 1: this country. And unless you own stock and one of 204 00:12:55,280 --> 00:12:58,520 Speaker 1: those anti coyote jackets for lap dogs they sell in 205 00:12:58,559 --> 00:13:02,880 Speaker 1: the Los Angeles are call your congressional representative and let 206 00:13:02,920 --> 00:13:05,720 Speaker 1: them know what you think of Hr eight to eight. 207 00:13:06,080 --> 00:13:07,600 Speaker 1: Let them know who you are, and let them know 208 00:13:07,720 --> 00:13:14,920 Speaker 1: that they'll be hearing from you again. Moving on to 209 00:13:15,000 --> 00:13:18,000 Speaker 1: the fish desk, one of the beautiful things about fishing 210 00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:21,000 Speaker 1: in rivers with low visibility is you never know what 211 00:13:21,040 --> 00:13:24,400 Speaker 1: you'll haul in. Could be a thirty pound catfish, could 212 00:13:24,400 --> 00:13:27,680 Speaker 1: be a nasty, mud filled pair of old sweatpants, could 213 00:13:27,760 --> 00:13:32,760 Speaker 1: be a near two white tail skull. Although Josh Blake, 214 00:13:32,840 --> 00:13:35,920 Speaker 1: who is an avid hunter and fisherman, was neither hunting 215 00:13:36,040 --> 00:13:38,679 Speaker 1: or fishing, he did haul up one side of a 216 00:13:38,720 --> 00:13:42,080 Speaker 1: white tail rack while clearing the screens of the American 217 00:13:42,080 --> 00:13:46,240 Speaker 1: Electro Hydro Power facility at the London, Mormot and Windfield 218 00:13:46,280 --> 00:13:50,200 Speaker 1: locks on the Canawa River. The Canawa River is a 219 00:13:50,240 --> 00:13:53,120 Speaker 1: tributary of the Ohio and if you are a fan 220 00:13:53,440 --> 00:13:57,559 Speaker 1: of whitewater, the New and Gali Rivers feed the Canawa 221 00:13:58,559 --> 00:14:01,240 Speaker 1: Uh just right into a s K C A L 222 00:14:01,320 --> 00:14:03,400 Speaker 1: at the mediator dot com. You can tell me how 223 00:14:03,400 --> 00:14:08,319 Speaker 1: to pronounce that later. It is e economically correct. According 224 00:14:08,360 --> 00:14:11,120 Speaker 1: to West Virginia Metro News, the first half of the 225 00:14:11,160 --> 00:14:14,040 Speaker 1: buck scored roughly eighty inches, which would have been a 226 00:14:14,040 --> 00:14:17,520 Speaker 1: great find on its own, especially when you're getting paid 227 00:14:17,559 --> 00:14:20,280 Speaker 1: to drag stuff out of the river. The next day, 228 00:14:20,400 --> 00:14:22,400 Speaker 1: a member of the crew hauled up the other half 229 00:14:22,440 --> 00:14:26,240 Speaker 1: of the buck's rack, this side non typical and sporting 230 00:14:26,280 --> 00:14:30,040 Speaker 1: about one inches of antler, for an estimated gross score 231 00:14:30,280 --> 00:14:35,120 Speaker 1: of a seven eighth. West Virginia Department and Natural Resources 232 00:14:35,160 --> 00:14:38,200 Speaker 1: believe the buck went into the river while still in velvet, 233 00:14:38,520 --> 00:14:41,840 Speaker 1: but they, along with Blake, can only guess when and 234 00:14:41,880 --> 00:14:45,080 Speaker 1: where that happened. Blake, who is an avid hunter. His 235 00:14:45,160 --> 00:14:48,080 Speaker 1: biggest deer to date is a hundred and forty buck, 236 00:14:48,640 --> 00:14:52,280 Speaker 1: and just like fishing murky water, he, along with anyone 237 00:14:52,320 --> 00:14:55,720 Speaker 1: else who hunts West Virginia is having dreams of what 238 00:14:55,840 --> 00:14:59,520 Speaker 1: this one catch might mean. Are there more monster bucks 239 00:14:59,560 --> 00:15:05,600 Speaker 1: roaming the West Virginia Hills? Moving on, Benjamin canuteson on 240 00:15:05,720 --> 00:15:09,680 Speaker 1: famous Lake mill Locks landed back to back fifty plus 241 00:15:09,760 --> 00:15:13,560 Speaker 1: inch muskies within hours of each other. For those that know, 242 00:15:13,960 --> 00:15:17,120 Speaker 1: the muskie is called the fish of ten thousand casts, 243 00:15:17,520 --> 00:15:20,160 Speaker 1: which means canutes and would have had to have made 244 00:15:20,400 --> 00:15:23,680 Speaker 1: five thousand casts an hour or eighty three point three 245 00:15:23,720 --> 00:15:27,080 Speaker 1: casts a minute to put in the effort necessary to boat. 246 00:15:27,160 --> 00:15:30,880 Speaker 1: The second fish reminds me that terrible joke I just 247 00:15:30,920 --> 00:15:35,160 Speaker 1: flew in, and boy are my arms tired. The first 248 00:15:35,240 --> 00:15:38,440 Speaker 1: muskie was fifty six point five inches in length and 249 00:15:38,680 --> 00:15:42,440 Speaker 1: estimated at fifty one pounds, the second fifty three point 250 00:15:42,520 --> 00:15:46,520 Speaker 1: to five inches and fifty four pounds. According to for 251 00:15:46,720 --> 00:15:49,720 Speaker 1: the Win Outdoors, the fifty four pounder could tie a 252 00:15:49,800 --> 00:15:53,040 Speaker 1: catch and release weight record that has stood since nineteen 253 00:15:53,120 --> 00:15:56,440 Speaker 1: fifty seven, although neither fish is a record breaker for 254 00:15:56,560 --> 00:16:00,640 Speaker 1: mill Lock, fifty inch muski are extremely rare and something 255 00:16:00,720 --> 00:16:04,760 Speaker 1: anglers dream about. Seeing two in one day is amazing. 256 00:16:05,440 --> 00:16:09,560 Speaker 1: Actually catching two is unheard of. Way to go, Benjamin 257 00:16:09,600 --> 00:16:14,600 Speaker 1: canutes them, Moving on over to the animal Domestication Desk. 258 00:16:16,400 --> 00:16:19,440 Speaker 1: The title of this desk has gained a meaning this week, 259 00:16:19,720 --> 00:16:21,960 Speaker 1: and that it seems that animals are the ones doing 260 00:16:22,000 --> 00:16:25,160 Speaker 1: the domesticating. On this show, we end up talking about 261 00:16:25,160 --> 00:16:27,760 Speaker 1: a lot of cattle, dogs, pet snakes, fenced in deer 262 00:16:27,800 --> 00:16:30,680 Speaker 1: and so on, the animals that humans have taken out 263 00:16:30,680 --> 00:16:34,000 Speaker 1: of wild context and put into use either for work 264 00:16:34,160 --> 00:16:36,800 Speaker 1: or food, or swimming after ducks and bring them back. 265 00:16:38,040 --> 00:16:40,560 Speaker 1: All of this talk rests on the assumption that we 266 00:16:40,760 --> 00:16:43,520 Speaker 1: humans are the only ones getting animals to do what 267 00:16:43,560 --> 00:16:45,960 Speaker 1: we want them to do, But it seems we are 268 00:16:45,960 --> 00:16:50,200 Speaker 1: not alone. Recently, a team of scientists discovered that the 269 00:16:50,360 --> 00:16:54,800 Speaker 1: long fin damselfish, a species native to the Carribou Bay 270 00:16:54,920 --> 00:16:58,800 Speaker 1: coral reef in Belize, has put another species to work 271 00:16:59,040 --> 00:17:02,400 Speaker 1: cultivating the algae that makes up its primary food source. 272 00:17:03,040 --> 00:17:05,600 Speaker 1: Long fin damselfish grow to be about four and a 273 00:17:05,640 --> 00:17:08,840 Speaker 1: half inches long and are typically gray black with bright 274 00:17:08,880 --> 00:17:12,520 Speaker 1: blue and yellow accent marks. They have been observed fiercely 275 00:17:12,600 --> 00:17:15,000 Speaker 1: protecting the patches of algae that grow on the reef 276 00:17:15,000 --> 00:17:19,159 Speaker 1: from all other species. All other species except one, the 277 00:17:19,280 --> 00:17:24,119 Speaker 1: tiny miceid shrimp. The damselfish allows these shrimps onto the 278 00:17:24,160 --> 00:17:28,119 Speaker 1: algae patches. The shrimp waste fertilizes the algae, and the 279 00:17:28,119 --> 00:17:32,639 Speaker 1: fertilized algae grows faster and is more nutritious for the damselfish. 280 00:17:32,720 --> 00:17:36,040 Speaker 1: And whereas mice had, shrimp are usually easy pickings for 281 00:17:36,080 --> 00:17:39,320 Speaker 1: the many predators around them, they can stay safe inside 282 00:17:39,359 --> 00:17:43,040 Speaker 1: the dome of protection that the damselfish provide. This may 283 00:17:43,080 --> 00:17:47,200 Speaker 1: sound familiar. Free ranging chickens can fertilize your garden. You 284 00:17:47,280 --> 00:17:51,000 Speaker 1: gotta eat the eggs, but without feeding protection they wouldn't 285 00:17:51,080 --> 00:17:55,240 Speaker 1: last long with the foxes nearby. There are many symbiotic 286 00:17:55,280 --> 00:17:58,000 Speaker 1: relationships in the wild, and in some of them, certain 287 00:17:58,040 --> 00:18:01,080 Speaker 1: species protect other species and a turn for providing a 288 00:18:01,119 --> 00:18:04,680 Speaker 1: food source. The relationship between ants and aphids has been 289 00:18:04,720 --> 00:18:09,400 Speaker 1: well documented. For example, aphids produce a sugary material called 290 00:18:09,480 --> 00:18:13,240 Speaker 1: honeydew as a byproduct of their digestion, and the ants 291 00:18:13,440 --> 00:18:16,760 Speaker 1: keep a fids around just so they can eat the byproduct. 292 00:18:17,240 --> 00:18:20,480 Speaker 1: Ants even stroke the abdomens of a FIDS to stimulate 293 00:18:20,520 --> 00:18:23,840 Speaker 1: the production of honeydew, and certain species of aphids have 294 00:18:23,960 --> 00:18:27,600 Speaker 1: become so adapted to the ant relationship that they aren't 295 00:18:27,600 --> 00:18:31,960 Speaker 1: anatomically able to excrete their honeydew. Waste without ants there 296 00:18:32,000 --> 00:18:35,840 Speaker 1: to uh, you know, stroke them. The ants will provide 297 00:18:35,840 --> 00:18:38,720 Speaker 1: protection from a fid eaters. They'll even bring the little 298 00:18:38,760 --> 00:18:41,960 Speaker 1: guys along when they have to migrate to a new colony. 299 00:18:42,160 --> 00:18:45,040 Speaker 1: This obviously bears a whole lot of resemblance to how 300 00:18:45,119 --> 00:18:50,040 Speaker 1: humans cultivated dairy cows, goats, sheet anything with nipples. I 301 00:18:50,080 --> 00:18:55,959 Speaker 1: guess I have nipples, greg me. So. Although symbiosis is common, 302 00:18:56,240 --> 00:18:59,960 Speaker 1: what sets the damsel shrimp interaction apart is it seems 303 00:19:00,040 --> 00:19:03,200 Speaker 1: to be the only observed case of one animal species 304 00:19:03,560 --> 00:19:07,440 Speaker 1: using another animal to cultivate a separate food source, in 305 00:19:07,440 --> 00:19:11,680 Speaker 1: this case the algae, which is pretty incredible. Next, I'm 306 00:19:11,680 --> 00:19:14,159 Speaker 1: hoping that will discover a four age club on the 307 00:19:14,320 --> 00:19:17,920 Speaker 1: Caribou Bay coral reef. Maybe we can catch some young 308 00:19:18,000 --> 00:19:21,439 Speaker 1: damselfish showing off their price shrimp for the season. But 309 00:19:21,560 --> 00:19:26,080 Speaker 1: that auction gets heated. Here's a fun fact for you. 310 00:19:26,400 --> 00:19:29,040 Speaker 1: One you should know if you're gonna be stuck trying 311 00:19:29,040 --> 00:19:32,600 Speaker 1: to entertain or impress some relatives or friends or tinder dates. 312 00:19:33,320 --> 00:19:37,600 Speaker 1: Symbiotic is a prolonged relationship in which both parties benefit. 313 00:19:38,000 --> 00:19:43,400 Speaker 1: I would call the aphid ant relationship symbiotic. Mutualistic can 314 00:19:43,440 --> 00:19:46,320 Speaker 1: be quite similar. But when I think of mutualistic, I 315 00:19:46,359 --> 00:19:49,399 Speaker 1: think of the fact that the party's involved benefit but 316 00:19:49,640 --> 00:19:54,720 Speaker 1: remain independent lacking of that relationship. Think of let's say 317 00:19:54,760 --> 00:19:58,120 Speaker 1: the prairie wolf that followed the pioneers across the prairies. 318 00:19:58,640 --> 00:20:01,880 Speaker 1: The wolves cleaned up after the pioneers by eating the waist, 319 00:20:01,880 --> 00:20:05,439 Speaker 1: the prairie wouldn't stank to high heaven scavengers reduced the 320 00:20:05,520 --> 00:20:09,520 Speaker 1: presence of disease as well. You could call that mutualistic. 321 00:20:10,280 --> 00:20:15,680 Speaker 1: Then there are obligate mutualistic relationships where neither species can 322 00:20:15,720 --> 00:20:19,720 Speaker 1: survive without the other. And here's where the symbiotic the 323 00:20:19,880 --> 00:20:25,240 Speaker 1: mutualistic relationship discussion really heats up. Like the aphids that 324 00:20:25,359 --> 00:20:29,199 Speaker 1: cannot expel their own honeydew without the sensitive stroking of 325 00:20:29,280 --> 00:20:33,879 Speaker 1: anti antennae, the yucca plant is pollinated only by the 326 00:20:33,960 --> 00:20:38,320 Speaker 1: yucca moth. The yucca moth lays it's larva inside the 327 00:20:38,359 --> 00:20:41,679 Speaker 1: fruit of the yucca. The larva eats only part of 328 00:20:41,720 --> 00:20:44,879 Speaker 1: the seeds produced that year, and in turn is a 329 00:20:44,960 --> 00:20:48,080 Speaker 1: comfy protected home for larva of the yucca moth, and 330 00:20:48,080 --> 00:20:52,320 Speaker 1: the yucca gets pollinated. The yucca plant is obviously very 331 00:20:52,359 --> 00:20:55,160 Speaker 1: different from a moth. That gets to hatch wings and fly, 332 00:20:55,560 --> 00:20:58,520 Speaker 1: but they cannot live without each other. You may want 333 00:20:58,560 --> 00:21:01,920 Speaker 1: to ask yourself, if you're currently in a relationship, which 334 00:21:01,920 --> 00:21:08,560 Speaker 1: are you an aunt or a yucca? Moving on, here, 335 00:21:08,600 --> 00:21:12,359 Speaker 1: we are in a brand spanking new two thousand twenty 336 00:21:12,440 --> 00:21:17,040 Speaker 1: one and New Year's resolutions abound, especially related to losing 337 00:21:17,080 --> 00:21:20,360 Speaker 1: some of those quarantine pounds. But how do we do it? 338 00:21:20,920 --> 00:21:23,200 Speaker 1: If you have a friend who has ever done cross fit, 339 00:21:23,320 --> 00:21:26,119 Speaker 1: or tried a whole third year dabbled in the Keto diet, 340 00:21:26,400 --> 00:21:28,879 Speaker 1: you have no doubt heard more than enough about the 341 00:21:28,880 --> 00:21:32,800 Speaker 1: practice of intermittent fasting to take off the pounds. The 342 00:21:32,800 --> 00:21:37,400 Speaker 1: premise of intermittent fasting is simple enough, skip breakfast every 343 00:21:37,480 --> 00:21:41,000 Speaker 1: day and you'll lose weight. What about second breakfast? Or 344 00:21:41,040 --> 00:21:43,760 Speaker 1: don't eat anything one day a week and watch the 345 00:21:43,760 --> 00:21:47,720 Speaker 1: pounds melt away. Proponents of fasting will tell you, and 346 00:21:47,840 --> 00:21:50,919 Speaker 1: keep telling you, that its effects are not just the 347 00:21:50,920 --> 00:21:54,200 Speaker 1: result of taking in fewer calories. When your body hasn't 348 00:21:54,240 --> 00:21:57,199 Speaker 1: had any new NW transfer long enough, it responds by 349 00:21:57,280 --> 00:22:00,919 Speaker 1: changing its metabolic functions. After a ale of not eating, 350 00:22:01,080 --> 00:22:03,560 Speaker 1: your body will start looking for damaged cells to get 351 00:22:03,640 --> 00:22:07,720 Speaker 1: rid of. A process called autophagy. Because there's less sugar 352 00:22:07,760 --> 00:22:12,119 Speaker 1: coming into the system, less insulin is released, your body 353 00:22:12,160 --> 00:22:15,520 Speaker 1: may even eventually switch over to burning fat for energy. 354 00:22:15,720 --> 00:22:19,120 Speaker 1: Your CrossFit friend can go on about several other desirable 355 00:22:19,240 --> 00:22:24,240 Speaker 1: metabolic changes that may result from fasting, including possible resistance 356 00:22:24,280 --> 00:22:27,439 Speaker 1: to cancer and a longer lifespan. You won't even have 357 00:22:27,520 --> 00:22:30,399 Speaker 1: to ask them, they'll just tell you. But no matter 358 00:22:30,440 --> 00:22:34,400 Speaker 1: how much that friend can deadlift or how committed they 359 00:22:34,400 --> 00:22:37,639 Speaker 1: are to their regiment, when it comes to fasting, they 360 00:22:37,680 --> 00:22:41,480 Speaker 1: are no match for the Arctic ground squirrel. Researchers with 361 00:22:41,520 --> 00:22:45,119 Speaker 1: the University of Alaska Fairbanks have been studying how exactly 362 00:22:45,280 --> 00:22:48,719 Speaker 1: Arctic ground squirrels can survive the stunningly long periods of 363 00:22:48,760 --> 00:22:52,760 Speaker 1: time they go without food and water during hibernation. In 364 00:22:52,800 --> 00:22:56,320 Speaker 1: the eight months eight months they spend in their burrows, 365 00:22:56,720 --> 00:23:00,320 Speaker 1: these squirrels can slow their metabolisms down so much much 366 00:23:00,480 --> 00:23:03,960 Speaker 1: that they take one breath and their heart beats only 367 00:23:04,040 --> 00:23:08,680 Speaker 1: one time in an entire minute. Scientists have long been 368 00:23:08,720 --> 00:23:12,920 Speaker 1: amazed by how extreme this hibernation is. The temperature of 369 00:23:12,960 --> 00:23:16,320 Speaker 1: the squirrels brains goes down to just above freezing, while 370 00:23:16,320 --> 00:23:18,920 Speaker 1: the temperature and the rest of their bodies actually goes 371 00:23:18,960 --> 00:23:22,560 Speaker 1: down below the freezing point, sometimes getting as low as 372 00:23:22,560 --> 00:23:26,240 Speaker 1: twenty seven degrees. We don't quite know why their blood 373 00:23:26,320 --> 00:23:30,240 Speaker 1: doesn't freeze solid, but one hypothesis is that the squirrels 374 00:23:30,240 --> 00:23:33,160 Speaker 1: can somehow cleanse their system of any of the kinds 375 00:23:33,160 --> 00:23:37,399 Speaker 1: of particles that ice crystals form around the University of 376 00:23:37,400 --> 00:23:41,760 Speaker 1: Alaska Fairbanks team broke new ground by directly observing part 377 00:23:41,800 --> 00:23:45,440 Speaker 1: of the squirrels hibernation metabolism change. It had never been 378 00:23:45,440 --> 00:23:49,440 Speaker 1: seen before. If almost any other animal went so long 379 00:23:49,520 --> 00:23:54,240 Speaker 1: without food, their bones, muscles, and organs would deteriorate. Even 380 00:23:54,320 --> 00:23:57,280 Speaker 1: if they were able to survive somehow, their bodies would 381 00:23:57,320 --> 00:24:01,080 Speaker 1: undergo extreme damage. But the sy aists showed that as 382 00:24:01,119 --> 00:24:03,960 Speaker 1: the muscles of the squirrels broke down, they were able 383 00:24:04,000 --> 00:24:07,520 Speaker 1: to take the nitrogen released by this process and convert 384 00:24:07,600 --> 00:24:11,080 Speaker 1: it into amino acids, and then use those amino acids 385 00:24:11,119 --> 00:24:14,560 Speaker 1: to build new tissue for their organs and skeletal muscles. 386 00:24:15,080 --> 00:24:17,959 Speaker 1: In this way, the squirrels can emerge from their hibernation 387 00:24:18,160 --> 00:24:21,520 Speaker 1: with their muscles and organs in pretty good shape. Now 388 00:24:21,560 --> 00:24:25,680 Speaker 1: that this nitrogen recycling process has been described, scientists are 389 00:24:25,680 --> 00:24:29,160 Speaker 1: now wondering if something similar could be triggered in human beings. 390 00:24:29,800 --> 00:24:33,280 Speaker 1: Maybe the kind of muscle and tissue wasting that happens 391 00:24:33,280 --> 00:24:36,159 Speaker 1: to the elderly and people recovering from illness could be 392 00:24:36,200 --> 00:24:40,240 Speaker 1: slowed or reversed. Maybe astronauts traveling all the way to 393 00:24:40,320 --> 00:24:43,280 Speaker 1: Mars could slip into an icy sleep for a few 394 00:24:43,359 --> 00:24:46,560 Speaker 1: years and wake up none the worse for wear. Or 395 00:24:46,640 --> 00:24:49,040 Speaker 1: let's say you rung in the new year long into 396 00:24:49,040 --> 00:24:52,840 Speaker 1: the early morning or even day of January one, and 397 00:24:52,880 --> 00:24:55,639 Speaker 1: you want to get fresh and forget what happened, the 398 00:24:55,760 --> 00:24:59,720 Speaker 1: damage that you did by over indulgence. Well do we 399 00:25:00,000 --> 00:25:03,200 Speaker 1: of the new health and recovery fad for you? Get 400 00:25:03,240 --> 00:25:07,240 Speaker 1: that A G S. That's lard to ground squirrel bro, Yes, 401 00:25:08,080 --> 00:25:11,400 Speaker 1: that's awesome. That's all I've got for you this week. 402 00:25:11,640 --> 00:25:14,800 Speaker 1: Thanks so much for listening, and as per usual, let 403 00:25:14,840 --> 00:25:16,399 Speaker 1: me know what's going on in your neck of the 404 00:25:16,400 --> 00:25:20,520 Speaker 1: woods by writing in to ask Cal. That's a s 405 00:25:20,600 --> 00:25:24,120 Speaker 1: k C. A L. At the Meat Eater dot com. 406 00:25:24,160 --> 00:25:27,000 Speaker 1: Happy New Year and thanks again. I'll talk to you 407 00:25:27,080 --> 00:25:27,520 Speaker 1: next week.