WEBVTT - Thinking About a Career Change? You’ll Need Skill, Work – and Luck 0:00:02.520 --> 0:00:08.840 Bloomberg Audio Studios, podcasts, radio news, Pay the. 0:00:09.640 --> 0:00:31.600 Rides remarks based on enough time job at the. 0:00:36.920 --> 0:00:40.720 How often have you thought about making a major change 0:00:40.960 --> 0:00:44.919 in your career. You're gonna give up time, effort, money, education, 0:00:45.800 --> 0:00:48.760 but in the end, if it pays off, it could 0:00:48.800 --> 0:00:52.760 be very worthwhile to be true to yourself. On today's 0:00:52.800 --> 0:00:55.640 at the Money, let's bring in Morgan Housel. He is 0:00:55.680 --> 0:00:58.480 the author of the Psychology of Money, a book that 0:00:58.600 --> 0:01:01.040 sold over seven million worldwide. 0:01:01.440 --> 0:01:02.960 His new book, The Art. 0:01:02.800 --> 0:01:08.080 Of Spending Money, arrived in October. So, Morgan, I know 0:01:08.160 --> 0:01:11.520 you've had a bunch of jobs and even a bunch 0:01:11.520 --> 0:01:16.640 of careers Ski Patrol valet, Like, what was the original 0:01:16.680 --> 0:01:17.520 career plan. 0:01:17.360 --> 0:01:19.920 With you when I was When I was a teenager, 0:01:20.000 --> 0:01:22.600 my first job was well, my first job was a 0:01:22.760 --> 0:01:23.800 was a host at Denny's. 0:01:23.880 --> 0:01:25.240 That was that was a glorious job. 0:01:25.720 --> 0:01:28.039 And then so I grew up as a ski racer, 0:01:28.120 --> 0:01:30.200 so then it was it was a natural flow for 0:01:30.240 --> 0:01:32.399 me to get a job in the ski industry. I 0:01:32.440 --> 0:01:35.280 worked in a in a ski rental tech place for 0:01:35.319 --> 0:01:38.480 it for a while, and and then I got my 0:01:38.560 --> 0:01:41.560 first kind of quote unquote real job was as a 0:01:41.680 --> 0:01:44.240 valet at a high end hotel that was on a 0:01:44.280 --> 0:01:46.480 ski resort, so that was cool. But all throughout my 0:01:46.920 --> 0:01:51.120 kind of like uh, late teenage college years, I really 0:01:51.160 --> 0:01:52.800 only thought I had one career path, and that was 0:01:52.800 --> 0:01:55.000 how I was going to be an investment banker, and 0:01:55.000 --> 0:01:56.880 then maybe later on that changed to I'm gonna be 0:01:56.880 --> 0:01:59.080 a hedge fund manager. I didn't really know anything about 0:01:59.160 --> 0:02:02.120 either of those careers, but nineteen year old Morgan loved 0:02:02.120 --> 0:02:03.480 the idea that they appeared to make a lot of 0:02:03.520 --> 0:02:05.040 money and have a lot of power, and so that 0:02:05.120 --> 0:02:07.040 was appealing to me because I was all that I knew. 0:02:07.600 --> 0:02:12.120 And then, haphazardly, not not on purpose, and kind of 0:02:12.480 --> 0:02:15.839 with a sense of shame, I stumbled into a job 0:02:15.960 --> 0:02:18.480 as a writer. Because I graduated college in two thousand 0:02:18.480 --> 0:02:20.560 and eight, nobody was hiring. The economy is a mess. 0:02:20.760 --> 0:02:22.960 The only job I can find that was related to 0:02:23.000 --> 0:02:25.360 investing was as a blogger for the Motley Fool. I 0:02:25.440 --> 0:02:27.400 did not want to do it. I hated writing. I 0:02:27.400 --> 0:02:30.440 had no experience doing it, but I thought I would 0:02:30.440 --> 0:02:32.160 do it for six months until I stumbled into it, 0:02:32.200 --> 0:02:35.720 but then I ended up loving it. It took a year, 0:02:35.760 --> 0:02:37.440 but it was like, actually I was like, oh, this 0:02:37.240 --> 0:02:39.240 is this is pretty fun. I actually liked doing this. 0:02:39.760 --> 0:02:42.760 And then over you know, that was, you know, seventeen 0:02:42.800 --> 0:02:46.000 years ago. And over those seventeen years, I've had several 0:02:46.040 --> 0:02:49.240 different transitions doing different things, but they've all kind of 0:02:49.240 --> 0:02:51.919 been had this common core of I just like being 0:02:52.040 --> 0:02:54.840 an observer of how people think about money and investing 0:02:55.080 --> 0:02:56.640 and I want to tell a good story about it. 0:02:57.040 --> 0:03:00.640 But there have been several different paths and transitions within that, 0:03:01.560 --> 0:03:03.720 within that core that I've gone down. 0:03:03.880 --> 0:03:06.880 A blogger for the Motley Fool. I wouldn't even call 0:03:06.919 --> 0:03:11.120 that a journalist. You're just a content producer at that point. 0:03:11.320 --> 0:03:14.240 How long did it take before you this six month? 0:03:14.680 --> 0:03:16.280 I'm going to just put up with this until I 0:03:16.320 --> 0:03:19.560 find something better. What was the transition that led you 0:03:19.680 --> 0:03:23.400 to realize, Hey, I got a knack for this, Maybe 0:03:23.440 --> 0:03:25.200 there's more to this than I realized. 0:03:25.320 --> 0:03:27.840 I think what was really good In hindsight, it felt 0:03:27.919 --> 0:03:30.600 terrible at the time, but because the job market in 0:03:30.600 --> 0:03:32.560 two thousand and eight, nine and ten was so bad, 0:03:33.000 --> 0:03:36.000 I didn't have the choice of giving up. There's no 0:03:36.080 --> 0:03:38.680 other job for me. I had a rent payment to make, 0:03:39.000 --> 0:03:41.320 so even in the first year or two that I 0:03:41.400 --> 0:03:43.720 didn't like writing at all. It was like, yeah, but 0:03:43.760 --> 0:03:45.840 that's what you're like. Sorry, Paal did deal with it. 0:03:45.880 --> 0:03:47.960 That's what you're doing. There's no other jobs out there 0:03:48.200 --> 0:03:50.320 that was really good in hindsight, because it took me 0:03:50.360 --> 0:03:52.800 a couple of years to kind of find my stride 0:03:52.800 --> 0:03:55.520 a little bit, just like anybody in any job. The 0:03:55.560 --> 0:03:58.680 other thing about writing online or doing anything online is 0:03:58.720 --> 0:04:01.280 that if your work is bad, people will tell you 0:04:01.520 --> 0:04:03.720 in no uncertain terms how bad it is and how 0:04:03.800 --> 0:04:06.120 dumb you are and how stupid you are. That is 0:04:06.200 --> 0:04:08.320 painful in the moment, but it is such a powerful 0:04:08.320 --> 0:04:11.120 feedback loop that you're able to learn very quickly if 0:04:11.120 --> 0:04:13.840 you're paying attention to that criticism. And so every blog 0:04:13.840 --> 0:04:15.280 post that I wrote, I would put it out there 0:04:15.280 --> 0:04:17.440 and people would either say this sucks and I'd say, okay, 0:04:17.480 --> 0:04:19.159 let me try to learn from that, or Hey, this 0:04:19.279 --> 0:04:20.960 is really good and let me try to learn from that. 0:04:21.279 --> 0:04:25.120 So the feedback mechanism was so powerful that after doing 0:04:25.160 --> 0:04:28.200 it for two years just to make rent, it was 0:04:28.279 --> 0:04:30.680 kind of like, oh, this is actually fun, and there's 0:04:30.680 --> 0:04:32.279 some readers out there who seem to be enjoying what 0:04:32.320 --> 0:04:34.719 I'm putting out and that's so it was good that 0:04:34.760 --> 0:04:36.760 I had that forcing function of having to do it, 0:04:37.000 --> 0:04:38.920 rather than having an exit ramp where I could have 0:04:38.960 --> 0:04:39.960 gone and done something else. 0:04:40.200 --> 0:04:47.040 So I'm curious about the transition from blogger and I 0:04:47.040 --> 0:04:49.200 have been blogging for one hundred years, so I don't 0:04:49.279 --> 0:04:55.320 use it pejoratively, but to a more formal either journalist 0:04:55.560 --> 0:04:59.440 or market commentator that was the next tier up. How 0:04:59.480 --> 0:05:00.279 did that happen. 0:05:00.720 --> 0:05:02.760 I've never considered myself a journalist. I don't think I 0:05:02.800 --> 0:05:03.200 ever will. 0:05:03.279 --> 0:05:05.839 I don't have it either, but I will accuse us 0:05:05.920 --> 0:05:07.400 of being journalist. 0:05:07.360 --> 0:05:09.360 Right, you know we are, we are journaling, but I 0:05:09.360 --> 0:05:12.480 don't consider myself a capital J journalist. But what's true 0:05:12.760 --> 0:05:15.360 is that once I realized that my audience was growing, 0:05:15.720 --> 0:05:18.800 and I realized who that audience was, there was a 0:05:18.839 --> 0:05:21.920 little bit I struggle to say, sense of duty. That 0:05:21.920 --> 0:05:23.320 that sounds like it's too much, but it was a 0:05:23.360 --> 0:05:25.520 little bit more of Hey, people are going to read 0:05:25.520 --> 0:05:27.720 this and they're going to take it seriously, so make 0:05:27.760 --> 0:05:30.400 sure that it's right, make sure that it is is 0:05:30.440 --> 0:05:33.520 not dangerous advice for them. And so I look back 0:05:33.520 --> 0:05:35.039 at some of the things that I wrote early in 0:05:35.080 --> 0:05:38.200 my career, and it's not that it was. It was reckless, 0:05:38.240 --> 0:05:40.000 but I would just I would just throw my thoughts 0:05:40.000 --> 0:05:42.440 on the table, regardless of what they were, and throw 0:05:42.440 --> 0:05:45.160 people under the bus, which I tend not to anymore. 0:05:45.800 --> 0:05:46.760 And what is this? 0:05:46.880 --> 0:05:49.200 What is this throwing people under the bus? You speak 0:05:49.240 --> 0:05:50.359 of it. 0:05:51.720 --> 0:05:54.040 You've done it once or twice, and even when they 0:05:54.040 --> 0:05:56.560 deserve it. I think there's a there's a principle. I 0:05:56.600 --> 0:05:59.560 forget who came up with this of like criticized broadly 0:05:59.640 --> 0:06:03.560 and pre individually. So it's fine to criticize an industry 0:06:03.720 --> 0:06:07.720 and say mortgage bankers in two thousand and five were reckless, 0:06:07.720 --> 0:06:10.400 if not criminal, But once you call them out by name, 0:06:10.720 --> 0:06:13.359 even if they deserve it, that's a tougher thing to do. 0:06:13.960 --> 0:06:17.320 It's usually the case that when you're criticizing somebody, at 0:06:17.320 --> 0:06:19.320 best you have half the story. Sometimes you have five 0:06:19.360 --> 0:06:22.960 percent of the story. But praising in the individual is 0:06:22.960 --> 0:06:25.400 great because you underestimate how much you can change somebody's 0:06:25.480 --> 0:06:26.960 life by praising them when they deserve it. 0:06:27.440 --> 0:06:31.400 Huh, really really insightful thought. So take us along the 0:06:31.440 --> 0:06:35.880 steps and along the aha moments where you realized, oh, 0:06:36.000 --> 0:06:40.679 this is something significant and I could build a professional 0:06:40.800 --> 0:06:43.200 career doing writing. 0:06:45.080 --> 0:06:46.600 It was interesting for me as a writer. That I 0:06:46.600 --> 0:06:48.640 think might be a little bit unique is day one 0:06:48.720 --> 0:06:51.720 that I was writing for the Mali Fool, the very 0:06:51.760 --> 0:06:54.040 first blog post I ever wrote. I was getting paid 0:06:54.080 --> 0:06:57.000 a full time salary. It was not exhorbingan but I 0:06:57.080 --> 0:06:59.520 was living off of it from day one. And ninety 0:06:59.720 --> 0:07:04.240 percent of bloggers go through years where they're not making 0:07:04.240 --> 0:07:06.760 a single cent and nobody's reading their work. And so 0:07:07.040 --> 0:07:09.000 I had made a profession out of it from day one, 0:07:09.040 --> 0:07:10.960 and there was really no ramp of let's see how 0:07:10.960 --> 0:07:13.560 I can make money from this. As the years went on, 0:07:13.640 --> 0:07:15.360 it could increase, and then I got into speaking in 0:07:15.360 --> 0:07:16.360 books and some other things. 0:07:16.520 --> 0:07:18.600 So what was next? After Motley Fool. 0:07:18.520 --> 0:07:20.640 After a Mither Fool, I joined the Collaborative Fund, which 0:07:20.680 --> 0:07:23.360 is a private equity firm. And my entire job now 0:07:23.400 --> 0:07:26.040 ten been dire for ten nine ten years. Yeah, and 0:07:26.080 --> 0:07:28.280 my entire job there is writing. It's a home for 0:07:28.360 --> 0:07:30.880 my writing. And so it's all that I've ever done, 0:07:31.160 --> 0:07:33.760 but finding unique ways to make a living out of 0:07:33.800 --> 0:07:35.600 doing it. There's several different ways you could do it. 0:07:35.640 --> 0:07:38.040 You can be a full time reporter for Reuters or 0:07:38.040 --> 0:07:39.760 for your local news or for the New York Times. 0:07:39.760 --> 0:07:41.800 That's one way to do it. You can do substack, 0:07:41.840 --> 0:07:43.920 you can try ads. There's a million different ways to 0:07:43.920 --> 0:07:44.160 do it. 0:07:44.240 --> 0:07:46.560 So let's get a little technical. Let's talk about some 0:07:46.640 --> 0:07:50.600 blocking and tackling. What sort of tools did you develop, 0:07:50.680 --> 0:07:55.240 What sort of subroutines did you learn that helped you 0:07:55.320 --> 0:07:56.840 become a better writer. 0:07:57.560 --> 0:07:59.800 Ninety nine percent of being a good writer is being 0:07:59.840 --> 0:08:02.360 a good reader. And ninety percent of your time as 0:08:02.360 --> 0:08:07.080 a writer is reading. And so the huge majority of 0:08:07.120 --> 0:08:09.160 my day, and it's been like this for almost twenty years, 0:08:09.280 --> 0:08:14.480 is very casually sitting around in my sweatpants reading reading books, 0:08:14.520 --> 0:08:17.960 reading blogs, reading reports, listening to podcasts. And it doesn't 0:08:18.000 --> 0:08:19.840 look like work, but that's the work of a writer 0:08:20.000 --> 0:08:21.800 because you do that and you start putting the pieces 0:08:21.800 --> 0:08:24.400 together of Oh, I read this chapter in this book 0:08:24.480 --> 0:08:26.320 and it reminded me of something I listened to in 0:08:26.320 --> 0:08:28.760 this podcast, which reminded me of the study that I 0:08:28.800 --> 0:08:31.000 read recently. I can tie all those together and come 0:08:31.080 --> 0:08:32.920 up with a really unique story myself that I can 0:08:32.920 --> 0:08:35.720 write about. And so that's that is what writing is 0:08:35.720 --> 0:08:39.560 is reading, and what writing is not is forcing yourself 0:08:39.600 --> 0:08:42.040 at the keyboard, forcing the sentences out. That's when you 0:08:42.080 --> 0:08:44.280 get the worst writing. You should spend all of your 0:08:44.280 --> 0:08:47.679 time reading and thinking and maybe ten percent of your 0:08:47.679 --> 0:08:48.560 time actually writing. 0:08:48.960 --> 0:08:54.000 I love that. That's really really insightful. Psychology Money came out? 0:08:54.200 --> 0:08:57.840 Was that twenty twenty twenty one September twenty twenty, all right, 0:08:57.880 --> 0:09:01.040 so twenty twenty, So that's a you know, a dozen 0:09:01.120 --> 0:09:05.760 years after you begin at the Motley Fool. What was 0:09:05.800 --> 0:09:09.720 a transition like writing a book from writing a bunch 0:09:09.720 --> 0:09:11.440 of really short blog posts? 0:09:11.960 --> 0:09:14.680 It was. It was interesting because when I started writing 0:09:14.720 --> 0:09:17.920 Psychology and Money, I was like, Hey, this is a book, 0:09:17.960 --> 0:09:20.960 this is not a blog. I need to have five 0:09:21.040 --> 0:09:24.760 thousand word chapters and they all need to be cohesive 0:09:24.800 --> 0:09:27.560 and tell a singular narrative. And that's what I set 0:09:27.559 --> 0:09:29.760 out to write. And I've told the story before. But 0:09:29.800 --> 0:09:32.880 after about three months, maybe six months, I had three 0:09:33.040 --> 0:09:35.640 really bad chapters, none of which made it in the book, 0:09:36.040 --> 0:09:37.760 because I was trying to do something that I had 0:09:37.760 --> 0:09:40.360 no experience doing. And I had to look back and say, look, 0:09:40.360 --> 0:09:44.000 for the previous twelve years, I have a skill and 0:09:44.160 --> 0:09:48.400 a muscle of writing one thousand word blog posts. I 0:09:48.440 --> 0:09:50.640 don't have a skill of writing five thousand word chapters. 0:09:50.640 --> 0:09:53.080 It's just not something that I do. And so I 0:09:53.120 --> 0:09:55.440 just kind of I threw everything out and I said, look, 0:09:55.480 --> 0:09:58.280 I need to leverage whatever little strength that I have 0:09:58.840 --> 0:10:01.320 and say I'm good at writing short form blogs that 0:10:01.360 --> 0:10:02.920 can kind of live on their own. They're not going 0:10:03.000 --> 0:10:05.640 to tie tie into the next chapter. They're all going 0:10:05.679 --> 0:10:07.720 to be kind of like standalone, live on their own. 0:10:07.880 --> 0:10:10.400 The publisher hated that, said it's not going to work. 0:10:10.440 --> 0:10:12.800 People want a cohesive book, and I said, yeah, I'm sorry, 0:10:12.800 --> 0:10:14.439 but this is all that I can do, like to 0:10:14.600 --> 0:10:17.040 deal with it, And I think it actually worked out 0:10:17.080 --> 0:10:20.640 well because it's easy to underestimate how much people's attention 0:10:20.720 --> 0:10:23.920 spans have declined in the last fifteen years, and so 0:10:24.440 --> 0:10:28.080 the attention to read a three hundred page nonfiction book 0:10:28.120 --> 0:10:30.440 that is a cohesive narrative from page one to page 0:10:30.480 --> 0:10:32.440 three hundred is very difficult. 0:10:32.559 --> 0:10:34.000 It's a big ass these days. 0:10:34.360 --> 0:10:37.240 But can you ask people to flip through short chapters 0:10:37.240 --> 0:10:39.160 that live on their own. If you don't like this chapter, 0:10:39.280 --> 0:10:41.600 just flip to the next. You can start there. That 0:10:41.760 --> 0:10:45.320 is a better ask, And everybody knows the nonfiction business 0:10:45.320 --> 0:10:48.320 book that could have been a blog post, it could 0:10:48.320 --> 0:10:50.439 have been a magazine article, but they stretched it into 0:10:50.480 --> 0:10:52.680 three hundred pages. I think the only way that you 0:10:52.679 --> 0:10:56.240 could avoid that was by writing short, standalone chapters that 0:10:56.280 --> 0:10:58.360 live on their own. Here's my point. Let me tell 0:10:58.360 --> 0:11:00.240 an interesting story, and then I'm going to move on 0:11:00.280 --> 0:11:01.760 to the next one and not waste your time. 0:11:02.120 --> 0:11:05.199 So I find it hilarious. We share the same publisher 0:11:05.360 --> 0:11:08.360 for How Not To Invest, that you wrote the forward to, 0:11:09.000 --> 0:11:12.080 and your book The Psychology of Money. This is the 0:11:12.120 --> 0:11:15.719 first time I'm hearing that they weren't enthralled with your 0:11:15.760 --> 0:11:21.640 original concept the have we crossed eight million copies yet 0:11:21.640 --> 0:11:23.800 you're like seven million on the way to eight million. 0:11:24.320 --> 0:11:27.040 I have a whole section in my book about none 0:11:27.040 --> 0:11:30.480 of the professionals know what's gonna sell. Nobody wanted to 0:11:30.520 --> 0:11:33.600 do Star Wars. They all passed on Raiders. This et 0:11:33.840 --> 0:11:37.800 movie is dumb. We have another Spaceman movie like on 0:11:37.840 --> 0:11:40.720 and on it goes John Wick, Squid Games. All the 0:11:40.760 --> 0:11:44.000 reviews of the Beatles, initially on ed Sullivan were horrible. 0:11:44.480 --> 0:11:49.640 It's I'm shocked to hear that the experts were like, eh, 0:11:49.840 --> 0:11:51.680 we're not really impressed with this concept. 0:11:52.240 --> 0:11:54.920 There's a Daniel Common quote where he said, the more 0:11:54.960 --> 0:11:58.520 outlier of the successes, the more an element of luck 0:11:58.720 --> 0:12:01.319 played a role, not that it all luck, but he 0:12:01.760 --> 0:12:03.800 phrased it as like there's no exception to that rule. 0:12:04.040 --> 0:12:06.600 The more standard deviations it is as an outlier, the 0:12:06.600 --> 0:12:09.320 more luck there was period end of story. And I 0:12:09.320 --> 0:12:11.240 think that's true for books as well. It's true for 0:12:11.320 --> 0:12:14.240 every startup. Jeff Bezos tells a story about how much 0:12:14.280 --> 0:12:18.400 he struggled to raise one million dollars to sell one 0:12:18.480 --> 0:12:20.160 third of it. I think it was of Amazon in 0:12:20.240 --> 0:12:22.760 nineteen ninety four. Could he had to take one hundred 0:12:22.800 --> 0:12:24.840 calls to get to raise one hundred to raise one 0:12:24.880 --> 0:12:28.520 million dollars for Amazon? So it's it always makes sense 0:12:28.520 --> 0:12:31.480 in hindsight, it never makes sense with foresight. I think 0:12:31.480 --> 0:12:33.920 that's true. And I think books are very much like 0:12:33.960 --> 0:12:36.719 a seed stage startup where even if you do everything right, 0:12:37.120 --> 0:12:39.800 it's probably not going to work. So don't look I 0:12:40.320 --> 0:12:43.480 don't look poorly at all or criticize the publishers who 0:12:43.559 --> 0:12:44.319 passed on a book. 0:12:45.440 --> 0:12:45.800 Huh. 0:12:45.840 --> 0:12:49.840 And our final question, what's your big takeaway about someone 0:12:50.000 --> 0:12:54.880 thinking about either exploring a career that wasn't their original intention? 0:12:55.640 --> 0:12:59.320 Or making a career shift towards something that they have 0:12:59.400 --> 0:13:01.040 a natural aspleude towards. 0:13:01.559 --> 0:13:03.680 One thing about careers is that so many of us, 0:13:04.679 --> 0:13:07.040 the careers that we have in our thirties, forties and fifties, 0:13:07.559 --> 0:13:10.079 are tied to our college major that we chose when 0:13:10.080 --> 0:13:12.600 we were seventeen or eighteen. And when you frame how 0:13:12.920 --> 0:13:15.400 absolutely absurd that is that you made a decision when 0:13:15.440 --> 0:13:18.200 you are seventeen years old that is now tying you 0:13:18.240 --> 0:13:21.559 into a career when you're forty five, it's completely insane. 0:13:21.640 --> 0:13:24.760 And so the idea that if you're truly unhappy doing it, 0:13:25.080 --> 0:13:27.480 that you should you should move on to something else. 0:13:27.480 --> 0:13:29.200 There's a great quote from Tilt where he says, if 0:13:29.240 --> 0:13:31.760 you're going to panic, panic early. And I think you 0:13:31.760 --> 0:13:34.320 can tie that to careers as well. If you really 0:13:34.360 --> 0:13:36.800 realize that this is not for you and you're unhappy, 0:13:37.280 --> 0:13:39.880 panic early, quit, move on, cut your losses, move on 0:13:39.880 --> 0:13:41.600 to something else, rather than tying it out for the 0:13:41.600 --> 0:13:42.960 next forty years of your career. 0:13:43.120 --> 0:13:46.280 So to wrap up, if you're thinking about a career change, 0:13:46.360 --> 0:13:49.760 if you have an aptitude towards a particular skill, if 0:13:49.800 --> 0:13:53.560 you want to just try something different, find a way 0:13:53.600 --> 0:13:56.080 to do that. See what you're capable of, see if 0:13:56.080 --> 0:13:58.840 you can make a go of it. But be aware 0:13:59.520 --> 0:14:03.360 merely pursuing your bliss isn't going to get you anywhere. 0:14:03.840 --> 0:14:06.320 You have to develop some tools, some skills, and some 0:14:06.480 --> 0:14:11.760 abilities in order to earn a living in your new career. 0:14:12.480 --> 0:14:23.560 I'm Barry Ridholts. You're listening to Bloomberg's At the Money