1 00:00:05,800 --> 00:00:08,720 Speaker 1: Welcome to the Bloomberg P and L Podcast. I'm PIM Fox. 2 00:00:08,760 --> 00:00:11,440 Speaker 1: Along with my co host Lisa A. Bramowitz. Each day 3 00:00:11,480 --> 00:00:15,000 Speaker 1: we bring you the most important, noteworthy, and useful interviews 4 00:00:15,040 --> 00:00:17,520 Speaker 1: for you and your money, whether you're at the grocery 5 00:00:17,560 --> 00:00:20,560 Speaker 1: store or the trading floor. Find the Bloomberg P M 6 00:00:20,680 --> 00:00:32,800 Speaker 1: L Podcast on Apple Podcasts, SoundCloud, and Bloomberg dot Com. 7 00:00:32,800 --> 00:00:37,400 Speaker 1: Trade Wars with China? Does anybody win? Let's find out from. 8 00:00:37,440 --> 00:00:40,160 Speaker 1: David Kotaki is the chairman of the chief executive, chief 9 00:00:40,240 --> 00:00:44,879 Speaker 1: Investment Officer of Cumberland Advisors. They are based in Sarasota, Florida, 10 00:00:44,960 --> 00:00:47,520 Speaker 1: but David is joining us here in our eleven three 11 00:00:47,560 --> 00:00:50,560 Speaker 1: oh studios in New York. He's also the co author 12 00:00:50,640 --> 00:00:54,440 Speaker 1: of the book Adventures in Muni Land. All right, David Kotalk, 13 00:00:54,520 --> 00:00:56,920 Speaker 1: thank you for being here. Have an Adventures in trade 14 00:00:56,960 --> 00:01:00,920 Speaker 1: war Land. Does anybody come out a winner? Oh? My gosh. No, 15 00:01:02,040 --> 00:01:07,640 Speaker 1: It's a relative lost game, and it is a different 16 00:01:07,720 --> 00:01:11,080 Speaker 1: kind of a game. PIM. We spent the last thirty 17 00:01:11,160 --> 00:01:17,720 Speaker 1: years in monetary credit banking Federal Reserve Central Banks. We 18 00:01:17,880 --> 00:01:22,959 Speaker 1: dealt with linear type programs revert to the mean predictability, 19 00:01:23,360 --> 00:01:28,479 Speaker 1: numerous e nu mercy. This is a shock business. We're 20 00:01:28,520 --> 00:01:31,360 Speaker 1: not used to this. We've got market agents who haven't 21 00:01:31,400 --> 00:01:34,560 Speaker 1: had to deal with these kinds of shocks for thirty 22 00:01:34,640 --> 00:01:37,680 Speaker 1: or forty years. Now. You look around the street, half 23 00:01:37,720 --> 00:01:40,120 Speaker 1: of them weren't born the last time we had something 24 00:01:40,200 --> 00:01:42,520 Speaker 1: like this. This is a big deal, and it's not good. 25 00:01:43,080 --> 00:01:45,240 Speaker 1: If this is such a big deal, why is the 26 00:01:45,560 --> 00:01:50,080 Speaker 1: SMP five trading at such elevated levels. Try to make 27 00:01:50,120 --> 00:01:54,960 Speaker 1: that statement with six stocks removed. Defang the fang and 28 00:01:55,000 --> 00:01:57,840 Speaker 1: we can see what happens with Facebook when you defang 29 00:01:57,840 --> 00:02:01,040 Speaker 1: a tooth. Defang the fang and look at what the 30 00:02:01,080 --> 00:02:06,360 Speaker 1: market has been doing. Look at the breath shrinking, new 31 00:02:06,440 --> 00:02:13,040 Speaker 1: highlist shrinking. My view, personal opinion, that's why we've got you. Okay. 32 00:02:13,200 --> 00:02:17,239 Speaker 1: The economy peaked in the second quarter of this year 33 00:02:17,280 --> 00:02:19,360 Speaker 1: with the four percent growth rate. If you had to 34 00:02:19,400 --> 00:02:24,280 Speaker 1: pick a month, it probably was April or May, because 35 00:02:24,600 --> 00:02:28,480 Speaker 1: that was the time when you had trade bluster rhetoric, 36 00:02:29,000 --> 00:02:31,800 Speaker 1: but you didn't have actual. Now we have actual. You 37 00:02:31,840 --> 00:02:35,160 Speaker 1: open up the Wall Street Journal editorial today and what 38 00:02:35,200 --> 00:02:39,600 Speaker 1: do you see the list of the growing bureaucracy. You 39 00:02:39,680 --> 00:02:45,680 Speaker 1: see companies begging for relief and being denied. What else 40 00:02:45,720 --> 00:02:47,399 Speaker 1: do you see? You go to Maine. I just came 41 00:02:47,400 --> 00:02:52,960 Speaker 1: back from mere lobster men, family businesses, little business, a 42 00:02:52,960 --> 00:02:57,120 Speaker 1: few million in revenue, six eight employees are in a 43 00:02:57,120 --> 00:03:02,280 Speaker 1: lobster trade war with retaliator tariffs. Some of them are saying, 44 00:03:02,639 --> 00:03:05,200 Speaker 1: we're gonna lose a third of our revenue. We're gonna 45 00:03:05,240 --> 00:03:08,840 Speaker 1: lay off people. The banks that lend to them. We're saying, 46 00:03:09,200 --> 00:03:11,320 Speaker 1: come in here, let's talk about what we got to 47 00:03:11,400 --> 00:03:16,600 Speaker 1: do with your loans. This is an ugly anecdote by anecdote, 48 00:03:16,880 --> 00:03:21,840 Speaker 1: shock by shock, and we're only seeing the beginning. If 49 00:03:21,880 --> 00:03:24,440 Speaker 1: we're only seeing the beginning, and the stock market is 50 00:03:24,440 --> 00:03:28,880 Speaker 1: supposed to be a forward looking mechanism, why our investors 51 00:03:28,919 --> 00:03:33,600 Speaker 1: not looking at those lobstermen in Maine, the cranberry growers 52 00:03:33,639 --> 00:03:39,200 Speaker 1: in Massachusetts, and the steelmakers like well al CoA aluminum 53 00:03:39,240 --> 00:03:42,680 Speaker 1: they wanted an exemption on some of those import tariffs 54 00:03:42,680 --> 00:03:45,520 Speaker 1: because they wanted to import aluminum that came from their 55 00:03:45,560 --> 00:03:50,800 Speaker 1: own operations overseas. Well, Why does the stock market do 56 00:03:50,880 --> 00:03:53,640 Speaker 1: what it does? We had a conversation were buyers themselves, 57 00:03:53,680 --> 00:03:58,280 Speaker 1: Well there you go, so I I said, remember new 58 00:03:58,320 --> 00:04:05,040 Speaker 1: fed chair, green Span worried about currency, exchange rates, raises, 59 00:04:05,120 --> 00:04:09,840 Speaker 1: interest rates, market keeps going up, hits a wall in August, 60 00:04:10,240 --> 00:04:14,120 Speaker 1: and two months later it's down and we've had a 61 00:04:14,160 --> 00:04:17,680 Speaker 1: bear market that has been devastating. Why did the stock 62 00:04:17,720 --> 00:04:21,760 Speaker 1: market then go up in June to go down in September. 63 00:04:22,040 --> 00:04:24,040 Speaker 1: I don't know what the stock market's gonna I'll tell 64 00:04:24,040 --> 00:04:27,160 Speaker 1: you what we did in our portfolios. Tell us cash reserves. 65 00:04:27,560 --> 00:04:31,840 Speaker 1: We have them domestic focus. Depends on the portfolios, can 66 00:04:31,880 --> 00:04:35,599 Speaker 1: be as high as a third, as low as ten 67 00:04:35,680 --> 00:04:40,320 Speaker 1: fifteen percent, depends on the structure. But US Focus has 68 00:04:40,360 --> 00:04:43,200 Speaker 1: a cash reserved. Now, what do you do with the rest? 69 00:04:43,800 --> 00:04:50,080 Speaker 1: Domestic small mid cap focus locally reduce exposure to the 70 00:04:50,120 --> 00:04:54,159 Speaker 1: international breuhaha, and hope, by the way, you can restore 71 00:04:54,200 --> 00:04:56,880 Speaker 1: it because they're going to have a settlement and not 72 00:04:57,000 --> 00:04:59,200 Speaker 1: a long term trade war, and we don't know which 73 00:04:59,200 --> 00:05:01,640 Speaker 1: it's going to be now. I confess every time I 74 00:05:01,680 --> 00:05:05,159 Speaker 1: hear the word hope, when I hear about money, it's 75 00:05:05,200 --> 00:05:07,920 Speaker 1: not a It makes me worried a little a little bit. 76 00:05:08,560 --> 00:05:12,960 Speaker 1: You're you talked about the cash portfolio right ten on 77 00:05:13,000 --> 00:05:15,840 Speaker 1: the downs on the low side, and maybe third for 78 00:05:15,920 --> 00:05:19,800 Speaker 1: some other and it depends and that's temporary. It's transitional, 79 00:05:19,880 --> 00:05:23,200 Speaker 1: but it may be there for a while. What do 80 00:05:23,240 --> 00:05:27,279 Speaker 1: you sell in order to raise that kind of capital? 81 00:05:27,480 --> 00:05:32,240 Speaker 1: What we reduced the tech? Wait? We fortunately we came 82 00:05:32,279 --> 00:05:34,920 Speaker 1: out of the E t f s that were heavy 83 00:05:34,960 --> 00:05:38,080 Speaker 1: before Facebook blew up, and that kind of gave us 84 00:05:38,080 --> 00:05:41,160 Speaker 1: a little gift we didn't know. Take your profits, pay 85 00:05:41,200 --> 00:05:43,920 Speaker 1: your taxes, and be happy. You bet you. You know 86 00:05:44,000 --> 00:05:47,000 Speaker 1: what my grandfather taught me when I was a little boy. 87 00:05:47,120 --> 00:05:50,200 Speaker 1: If you make a profit, say thank you, and you 88 00:05:50,279 --> 00:05:52,560 Speaker 1: don't have to make the whole profit. And if you 89 00:05:52,640 --> 00:05:55,320 Speaker 1: pay the tax, say thank you because the rest of 90 00:05:55,360 --> 00:05:59,640 Speaker 1: it is in your pocket. Given that advice from your 91 00:06:00,040 --> 00:06:05,560 Speaker 1: and father, do you believe that investors are ignoring the 92 00:06:05,640 --> 00:06:12,200 Speaker 1: fundamental geopolitical situation in favor of Oh, corporate earnings are 93 00:06:12,240 --> 00:06:16,800 Speaker 1: going to continue to produce these incredible results. Well, I 94 00:06:16,800 --> 00:06:19,200 Speaker 1: think you hit it right on the head, Right on 95 00:06:19,240 --> 00:06:22,320 Speaker 1: the head. We've had great earnings. We've got another round 96 00:06:22,360 --> 00:06:26,760 Speaker 1: reporting off the second quarter of earnings. They're good. Most 97 00:06:26,880 --> 00:06:31,600 Speaker 1: companies beat expectations, pretty good result. We've had a good quarter. Now, 98 00:06:31,600 --> 00:06:34,040 Speaker 1: did we have a good quarter? And is this a 99 00:06:34,160 --> 00:06:39,120 Speaker 1: continuation of a trend? Maybe I don't think so. Did 100 00:06:39,160 --> 00:06:42,880 Speaker 1: we accelerate business into the second quarter? Did we borrow 101 00:06:42,960 --> 00:06:46,159 Speaker 1: from the future because of the trade effects? Do we 102 00:06:46,320 --> 00:06:49,960 Speaker 1: not see the dislocations from the trade effects yet? Are 103 00:06:50,000 --> 00:06:53,479 Speaker 1: they coming? Do they affect credit? Do we get some 104 00:06:53,600 --> 00:06:57,320 Speaker 1: inflation from it? Do we get growth slow down? All 105 00:06:57,360 --> 00:07:01,839 Speaker 1: those things line up. That's not healthy for continuing earnings 106 00:07:01,880 --> 00:07:07,400 Speaker 1: being robust. Let's say a client calls and three months 107 00:07:07,400 --> 00:07:13,480 Speaker 1: have gone by, stocks have still increased in value. Does 108 00:07:13,560 --> 00:07:18,160 Speaker 1: David Kotok say, Look, just because you didn't make the 109 00:07:18,240 --> 00:07:22,520 Speaker 1: last three months doesn't mean that what's coming is going 110 00:07:22,560 --> 00:07:25,120 Speaker 1: to get better. Yeah. I mean you say it, they 111 00:07:25,120 --> 00:07:26,920 Speaker 1: don't want to hear it. I And just that's my point. 112 00:07:26,960 --> 00:07:29,840 Speaker 1: How do you educate people? How do people take that? 113 00:07:30,160 --> 00:07:33,400 Speaker 1: Because you know that what happens, people spend a lot 114 00:07:33,440 --> 00:07:36,280 Speaker 1: of time looking at the downside, and they just complain 115 00:07:36,360 --> 00:07:38,760 Speaker 1: about not making at all. PIM we had a great run, 116 00:07:38,840 --> 00:07:42,200 Speaker 1: a great market. No one gets of the market. We 117 00:07:42,280 --> 00:07:45,400 Speaker 1: know that. We've talked about that over the years. So 118 00:07:45,480 --> 00:07:48,120 Speaker 1: you say, Okay, it's okay to put a little dry 119 00:07:48,200 --> 00:07:51,240 Speaker 1: powder in the bank. You don't have to sell everything, 120 00:07:51,720 --> 00:07:53,840 Speaker 1: but you have to put dry powder in the bank. 121 00:07:54,080 --> 00:07:56,000 Speaker 1: And there are times when you have to admit and 122 00:07:56,080 --> 00:08:01,400 Speaker 1: I'm in minting it. We don't know. We haven't had 123 00:08:01,880 --> 00:08:06,680 Speaker 1: the kinds of issues on the plate driven by politics 124 00:08:07,400 --> 00:08:10,760 Speaker 1: where a trade policy is driven by a man named 125 00:08:10,800 --> 00:08:16,640 Speaker 1: Peter Navarro who promised there'll be no retaliation. Remember who 126 00:08:16,680 --> 00:08:20,520 Speaker 1: promised we won't have any of these effects? Set it 127 00:08:20,640 --> 00:08:24,640 Speaker 1: looking into the camera and he's got the president's here, 128 00:08:25,120 --> 00:08:28,080 Speaker 1: and who knows who's got the president's here on the 129 00:08:28,200 --> 00:08:34,120 Speaker 1: latest tweet. This bizarre leadership and the country still permits it. 130 00:08:34,760 --> 00:08:38,319 Speaker 1: Thank you very much. David Kotak, Chairman, Chief investment officer, 131 00:08:38,640 --> 00:08:57,840 Speaker 1: Cumberland Advisers, based in Sarasota, Florida. President Donald Trump has 132 00:08:57,960 --> 00:09:02,840 Speaker 1: warned countries against doing big business with Iran as sanctions 133 00:09:03,000 --> 00:09:06,280 Speaker 1: kicked back. In To tell us more about the implications 134 00:09:06,320 --> 00:09:09,640 Speaker 1: for world oil markets is Dr Ellen Wall, President of 135 00:09:09,679 --> 00:09:15,080 Speaker 1: Transversal Consulting and an expert on energy and Middle East politics. 136 00:09:15,160 --> 00:09:17,560 Speaker 1: Dr Wall, thank you very much for being with us. 137 00:09:18,200 --> 00:09:22,440 Speaker 1: Can you explain what effect the sanctions will have on 138 00:09:22,600 --> 00:09:26,959 Speaker 1: Iran's oil industry? Right now? The sanctions that are being 139 00:09:26,960 --> 00:09:31,000 Speaker 1: implemented are on purchases of US dollars, purchases of gold, 140 00:09:31,200 --> 00:09:35,440 Speaker 1: and also particularly the automobile industry. And that means that 141 00:09:35,520 --> 00:09:38,840 Speaker 1: any person or institutions that's helping the government of Iran 142 00:09:38,880 --> 00:09:42,640 Speaker 1: to purchase US currency would be subject to sanctions, and 143 00:09:42,760 --> 00:09:46,640 Speaker 1: that impacts the oil industry because most oil transactions are 144 00:09:46,720 --> 00:09:50,000 Speaker 1: done in dollars. Now, for quite some time now, a 145 00:09:50,000 --> 00:09:53,760 Speaker 1: lot of Iran's transactions have actually not been occurring in dollars. 146 00:09:53,960 --> 00:09:58,360 Speaker 1: They've been using duros and also some local currencies. So 147 00:09:58,520 --> 00:10:02,199 Speaker 1: right now we're not looking to see a whole lot 148 00:10:02,240 --> 00:10:07,240 Speaker 1: of impact on the Iranian oil industry aside from what 149 00:10:07,320 --> 00:10:10,800 Speaker 1: we've already seen. But what we do need to look 150 00:10:10,840 --> 00:10:13,439 Speaker 1: at is the sanctions that are coming into effect on 151 00:10:13,559 --> 00:10:16,840 Speaker 1: November five, and those who are actually clarified in this 152 00:10:16,960 --> 00:10:20,240 Speaker 1: most recent executive order, and that will be sanctions against 153 00:10:20,240 --> 00:10:24,720 Speaker 1: anyone or any institution that assists, sponsors, or provides goods 154 00:10:24,760 --> 00:10:28,199 Speaker 1: or services in support of the National Iranian Oil Company. 155 00:10:28,400 --> 00:10:31,160 Speaker 1: And so everyone who is right now engaged in doing 156 00:10:31,200 --> 00:10:33,880 Speaker 1: business with Iran in terms of oil is going to 157 00:10:33,920 --> 00:10:37,480 Speaker 1: be watching how the US implements this round of sanctions 158 00:10:37,679 --> 00:10:41,680 Speaker 1: to see and to make their plans in advance of 159 00:10:41,679 --> 00:10:45,240 Speaker 1: November five. Okay, let's see if we can describe two 160 00:10:45,280 --> 00:10:50,479 Speaker 1: different scenarios, one having to do with the Iran's domestic economy. 161 00:10:50,520 --> 00:10:55,760 Speaker 1: Do they have refining capacity? They do, it's not great. 162 00:10:56,600 --> 00:10:59,400 Speaker 1: Part of the issue during the first round of sanctions, 163 00:10:59,440 --> 00:11:01,599 Speaker 1: the earlier ones before the j c p o A 164 00:11:02,160 --> 00:11:05,520 Speaker 1: was that they were unable to get parts and supplies 165 00:11:05,559 --> 00:11:10,320 Speaker 1: and things and infrastructure parts needed to um fix their 166 00:11:10,360 --> 00:11:14,760 Speaker 1: declining refineries and to put in more refining capacity. Apparently 167 00:11:15,240 --> 00:11:19,599 Speaker 1: they have made strides in producing some of these things domestically, 168 00:11:19,880 --> 00:11:23,680 Speaker 1: but they're not yet ready, so it will affect Iran's 169 00:11:23,720 --> 00:11:27,520 Speaker 1: domestic refining capacity, which will have an impact on the 170 00:11:27,520 --> 00:11:32,760 Speaker 1: Iranian economy. Okay, the second part is to which country 171 00:11:32,880 --> 00:11:36,439 Speaker 1: does Iran export the most oil? Is it South Korea? 172 00:11:36,679 --> 00:11:40,240 Speaker 1: Is it China? Right now, it's China. They are the 173 00:11:40,360 --> 00:11:45,040 Speaker 1: number one purchaser of Iranian oil. And what will the 174 00:11:45,160 --> 00:11:50,080 Speaker 1: sanctions do to Chinese oil imports? Well, that is the 175 00:11:50,240 --> 00:11:54,120 Speaker 1: big question that we're all looking to see what happens 176 00:11:54,320 --> 00:11:57,880 Speaker 1: right now. China has said it has no intention regardless 177 00:11:57,880 --> 00:12:03,679 Speaker 1: of these sanctions of decree seeing it's Iranian oil imports. However, 178 00:12:03,720 --> 00:12:06,720 Speaker 1: it has said it's not planning on increasing them, which 179 00:12:06,760 --> 00:12:10,520 Speaker 1: is actually a pretty big signal that it's um that 180 00:12:10,640 --> 00:12:13,800 Speaker 1: it is taking these sanctions somewhat seriously. The big question 181 00:12:13,880 --> 00:12:16,120 Speaker 1: is how is it going to import that oil? Is 182 00:12:16,120 --> 00:12:19,720 Speaker 1: it simply going to just ignore the sanctions? Will it 183 00:12:20,040 --> 00:12:23,520 Speaker 1: have to pass most of its funds and things through 184 00:12:23,920 --> 00:12:28,320 Speaker 1: uh the There's one particular bank in China that they 185 00:12:28,400 --> 00:12:31,520 Speaker 1: use last time that doesn't really do business with American interests, 186 00:12:31,520 --> 00:12:35,080 Speaker 1: and so they can use that bank to take care 187 00:12:35,080 --> 00:12:38,280 Speaker 1: of those financial transactions. The problem is that with the 188 00:12:38,280 --> 00:12:42,480 Speaker 1: amount of oil that China is importing from Iran these days, 189 00:12:42,880 --> 00:12:44,920 Speaker 1: they that bank may not be able to handle all 190 00:12:44,920 --> 00:12:51,200 Speaker 1: those transactions and we may see an involuntary decline from China. Now, 191 00:12:51,240 --> 00:12:55,520 Speaker 1: there has been a report that the total export volume 192 00:12:56,240 --> 00:13:00,839 Speaker 1: on various types of oil carrying ship to afromax Is, 193 00:13:00,920 --> 00:13:04,720 Speaker 1: Suez max Is and those very large crude carriers, that 194 00:13:04,880 --> 00:13:09,760 Speaker 1: the exports from Iranian ports have fallen about seven percent 195 00:13:10,440 --> 00:13:15,200 Speaker 1: in July. Do you agree with that? Yes, And we 196 00:13:15,280 --> 00:13:19,680 Speaker 1: are seeing that particularly India has their refineries in India, 197 00:13:19,720 --> 00:13:21,920 Speaker 1: not the state owned ones, but some of the other 198 00:13:21,960 --> 00:13:25,960 Speaker 1: ones like Naraya, which is owned by Rosneft, have been 199 00:13:26,000 --> 00:13:30,800 Speaker 1: cutting their imports of Iranian oil. So that does match 200 00:13:30,840 --> 00:13:34,000 Speaker 1: with what we're seeing also South Korea has been looking 201 00:13:34,080 --> 00:13:37,560 Speaker 1: at South Korea imports a lot of Iranian condensate, and 202 00:13:37,559 --> 00:13:40,400 Speaker 1: they've been looking at other options, including light oil from 203 00:13:40,480 --> 00:13:44,400 Speaker 1: create and oil from condensate from the United States. All Right, 204 00:13:44,480 --> 00:13:47,719 Speaker 1: some other customers include Japan. What do you believe the 205 00:13:47,800 --> 00:13:51,760 Speaker 1: Japanese refiners will do. I do think that when when 206 00:13:51,800 --> 00:13:54,800 Speaker 1: it comes down to it, the Japanese refiners will not 207 00:13:54,960 --> 00:13:58,360 Speaker 1: continue to purchase Iranian oil um if they do not 208 00:13:58,440 --> 00:14:01,320 Speaker 1: receive a waiver from the us UH. It seems right 209 00:14:01,320 --> 00:14:03,920 Speaker 1: now it's unlikely they're going to get a waiver. They've 210 00:14:04,040 --> 00:14:07,760 Speaker 1: asked for one. The State Department has been asked about 211 00:14:07,760 --> 00:14:10,800 Speaker 1: the status of that. They've decided they they're not commenting 212 00:14:10,880 --> 00:14:15,119 Speaker 1: on these case by case situations. But given the language 213 00:14:15,280 --> 00:14:18,359 Speaker 1: and the stances that we've seen coming from the Trump administration, 214 00:14:18,640 --> 00:14:21,080 Speaker 1: it does not seem likely that Japan will get a 215 00:14:21,120 --> 00:14:26,120 Speaker 1: waiver for to continue to purchase Iranian oil. Explain what 216 00:14:26,320 --> 00:14:30,440 Speaker 1: is Turkey's relationship to Iranian oil. Turkey is a is 217 00:14:30,480 --> 00:14:33,680 Speaker 1: a fairly large importer of Iranian oil right now, and 218 00:14:33,920 --> 00:14:36,760 Speaker 1: Turkey in the United States are not on good terms 219 00:14:36,800 --> 00:14:39,480 Speaker 1: at this moment, and so Turkey has said they're going 220 00:14:39,480 --> 00:14:42,920 Speaker 1: to continue to purchase this Iranian oil. Now the question 221 00:14:42,920 --> 00:14:45,760 Speaker 1: again is how, because how are they going to ensure 222 00:14:46,040 --> 00:14:48,160 Speaker 1: the tankers full of Iranian oil? How are they going 223 00:14:48,200 --> 00:14:51,040 Speaker 1: to purchase that oil. We may see them have to 224 00:14:51,480 --> 00:14:55,520 Speaker 1: decrease their um legitimate purchases, but we may see an 225 00:14:55,560 --> 00:15:00,560 Speaker 1: increase in um smuggling or in the illegitimate purchases of 226 00:15:00,720 --> 00:15:03,680 Speaker 1: Rainy oil. Iran and Turkey share a border. Now there's 227 00:15:03,720 --> 00:15:07,080 Speaker 1: no pipeline that connects Iran and Turkey because it was 228 00:15:07,120 --> 00:15:09,400 Speaker 1: blown up by the curds, but we could see some 229 00:15:09,480 --> 00:15:12,480 Speaker 1: trucking going on there, Thank you very much. Dr ellen 230 00:15:12,640 --> 00:15:16,600 Speaker 1: Wald is the president of Transversal Consulting and also a 231 00:15:16,680 --> 00:15:21,880 Speaker 1: non resident Senior Fellow at the Atlantic Council's Global Energy Center. 232 00:15:38,680 --> 00:15:42,640 Speaker 1: We consult with Damian Sassare are fixed income strategist for 233 00:15:42,840 --> 00:15:45,920 Speaker 1: Bloomberg Intelligence when we want to know anything about what's 234 00:15:45,920 --> 00:15:49,240 Speaker 1: going on in the world of emerging markets, and Damien, 235 00:15:49,400 --> 00:15:52,840 Speaker 1: good to have you with us. Is Turkey an emerging 236 00:15:52,920 --> 00:15:56,400 Speaker 1: market or is it a cratering market at this point? Yeah? 237 00:15:56,440 --> 00:15:59,120 Speaker 1: I know you. I mean, now the comparisons is really 238 00:15:59,120 --> 00:16:01,560 Speaker 1: only one comparison to make, and you just made its Venezuela. 239 00:16:01,680 --> 00:16:03,680 Speaker 1: You know, if you look at local currency tenure yields, 240 00:16:03,720 --> 00:16:06,120 Speaker 1: if you look at their their dollar equivalent yield, if 241 00:16:06,120 --> 00:16:07,880 Speaker 1: you look at the performance of their currency and their 242 00:16:07,920 --> 00:16:10,640 Speaker 1: equity markets, Venezuela is really the only one you can 243 00:16:10,680 --> 00:16:12,680 Speaker 1: even make comparison to, in fact, but the thing that 244 00:16:12,760 --> 00:16:17,440 Speaker 1: big difference is Venezuela has oil. Turkey doesn't have oil. 245 00:16:17,440 --> 00:16:21,480 Speaker 1: It just seems to have a problem. What is going first, 246 00:16:21,480 --> 00:16:24,000 Speaker 1: one don't just set out what are the issues that 247 00:16:24,120 --> 00:16:29,200 Speaker 1: Turkey faces and what are the potential solutions if any. Right, Well, 248 00:16:29,240 --> 00:16:32,640 Speaker 1: I mean Turkey's fiscal priorities are not aligned with the 249 00:16:32,680 --> 00:16:36,360 Speaker 1: country's sovereign balance sheet, right, I mean they have um, 250 00:16:36,400 --> 00:16:38,560 Speaker 1: They've extracted a ton of funding from the West, from 251 00:16:38,560 --> 00:16:42,640 Speaker 1: the US, from Europe, yet President Urdwin's pivoted away from them. Um. 252 00:16:42,680 --> 00:16:44,040 Speaker 1: And that's really at the root of this. And so 253 00:16:44,080 --> 00:16:46,720 Speaker 1: the market effectively has lost pretty much all confidence in 254 00:16:46,720 --> 00:16:49,560 Speaker 1: the central Bank and it's polity mechanisms that are in place, 255 00:16:49,640 --> 00:16:52,760 Speaker 1: such as interest rates and so forth, to um to 256 00:16:52,960 --> 00:16:56,280 Speaker 1: to to basically arrest the decline in UH in the 257 00:16:56,320 --> 00:16:59,600 Speaker 1: country's you know, asset base and so right now, so 258 00:16:59,600 --> 00:17:02,120 Speaker 1: far as I can tell, it looks like capital controls 259 00:17:02,280 --> 00:17:04,600 Speaker 1: appear inevitable and and that's never a good thing for 260 00:17:04,640 --> 00:17:07,479 Speaker 1: an emerging market, especially one were inflations running at sixteen 261 00:17:07,880 --> 00:17:10,840 Speaker 1: per year. The current account deficits over six percent now 262 00:17:11,240 --> 00:17:16,560 Speaker 1: UM it's external debtload is upwards of total debt um 263 00:17:16,760 --> 00:17:18,479 Speaker 1: p M I felt to its lowest level in May, 264 00:17:18,480 --> 00:17:20,680 Speaker 1: although it's recovered a bit. I mean, we're just, uh, 265 00:17:20,840 --> 00:17:23,240 Speaker 1: it's a bad situation. And so you know, from where 266 00:17:23,280 --> 00:17:24,840 Speaker 1: we sit, you know, there's a few other things that 267 00:17:24,920 --> 00:17:26,800 Speaker 1: kind of come to mind. And the first thing that 268 00:17:26,880 --> 00:17:29,520 Speaker 1: might help mitigate the issue is if if if President 269 00:17:29,560 --> 00:17:31,600 Speaker 1: Urdwin and Turkey were to re engage with the US, 270 00:17:31,720 --> 00:17:35,120 Speaker 1: because right now we're having some diplomatic issues and I'll 271 00:17:35,119 --> 00:17:37,199 Speaker 1: just kind of run you through them. Um. You know, 272 00:17:37,200 --> 00:17:41,280 Speaker 1: Turkey's refused to release UM Pastor Andrew Brunson, also a 273 00:17:41,400 --> 00:17:45,760 Speaker 1: NASA scientist, UM, who's who's been locked up since sixteen. UM. 274 00:17:45,760 --> 00:17:48,160 Speaker 1: We have a halk Bank, one of the largest banks 275 00:17:48,160 --> 00:17:50,880 Speaker 1: in Turkey, that helped a random ad U S sanctions 276 00:17:50,880 --> 00:17:54,159 Speaker 1: on oil some time ago. And we had Turkey decision 277 00:17:54,160 --> 00:17:56,560 Speaker 1: to recently purchase a missile system from Russia, really turning 278 00:17:56,560 --> 00:17:59,600 Speaker 1: their backs on NATO. So that's from the U S side. 279 00:17:59,600 --> 00:18:03,240 Speaker 1: From the Turkish side, You've got you know, um, Turkey 280 00:18:03,240 --> 00:18:06,000 Speaker 1: looking for the US to extradite Fatula Gulan, which is 281 00:18:06,000 --> 00:18:08,679 Speaker 1: an Islamic cleric whom is a former ally of Urdwin 282 00:18:08,720 --> 00:18:11,600 Speaker 1: who he blames for the kup In. And you have 283 00:18:12,040 --> 00:18:16,240 Speaker 1: the US arming Kurdish forces um uh, you know, basically 284 00:18:16,280 --> 00:18:20,000 Speaker 1: against Isis um. But you know basically that is Dwin 285 00:18:20,080 --> 00:18:22,560 Speaker 1: views the Kurds as as terrorists. So so you have 286 00:18:22,640 --> 00:18:25,520 Speaker 1: these diplomatic divides, and it's really just weighing on the 287 00:18:25,560 --> 00:18:28,359 Speaker 1: economy and the people of Turkey, and you know, something 288 00:18:28,440 --> 00:18:31,240 Speaker 1: needs to be done in order for for for US 289 00:18:31,280 --> 00:18:34,160 Speaker 1: to arrest it the clients. So let's let me see 290 00:18:34,240 --> 00:18:37,560 Speaker 1: I can get this. They have debts they cannot repay, 291 00:18:37,640 --> 00:18:42,360 Speaker 1: they have a currency that is dwindling in value, and 292 00:18:42,440 --> 00:18:46,560 Speaker 1: there is radio silence from the government. Yeah, that's exactly right. 293 00:18:46,600 --> 00:18:49,560 Speaker 1: And so we do have a delegation of Turkish officials 294 00:18:49,600 --> 00:18:52,600 Speaker 1: supposedly coming to Washington in the next two days, and 295 00:18:52,720 --> 00:18:55,280 Speaker 1: one would hope that would be the beginning of a 296 00:18:55,280 --> 00:18:57,560 Speaker 1: appeal to the I m F, perhaps for a line 297 00:18:57,600 --> 00:18:59,399 Speaker 1: of credit or alone or something of that nature to 298 00:18:59,480 --> 00:19:03,040 Speaker 1: sort of give some confidence to to their existing creditors 299 00:19:03,040 --> 00:19:05,520 Speaker 1: that hey, maybe there's gonna be Would the United Banks 300 00:19:05,560 --> 00:19:09,680 Speaker 1: have to approve any disbursement from the International Monetary Fund 301 00:19:09,680 --> 00:19:12,000 Speaker 1: to help Turkey? One would think the U S would 302 00:19:12,000 --> 00:19:15,399 Speaker 1: be heavily involved in those negotiations. Absolutely. Um, you would 303 00:19:15,400 --> 00:19:17,119 Speaker 1: think that perhaps there would be an appeal to the 304 00:19:17,160 --> 00:19:20,400 Speaker 1: White House and to President Trump's administration in that type 305 00:19:20,400 --> 00:19:23,760 Speaker 1: of a scenario. But you know, right now, um, it's 306 00:19:23,760 --> 00:19:26,399 Speaker 1: anyone's guess if they're even gonna make it here. And 307 00:19:26,480 --> 00:19:28,240 Speaker 1: so you know that is kind of where we are. 308 00:19:28,280 --> 00:19:30,520 Speaker 1: I mean, it's just, um, you know, it's been radio 309 00:19:30,600 --> 00:19:33,520 Speaker 1: silence quite frankly from urdle Win from the Central Bank 310 00:19:33,880 --> 00:19:36,119 Speaker 1: of the Republic of Turkey, right, and and that that 311 00:19:36,320 --> 00:19:39,160 Speaker 1: radio silence is giving a lot of people room for pause. 312 00:19:39,520 --> 00:19:41,720 Speaker 1: Let's just assume that you get a blank slate and 313 00:19:41,760 --> 00:19:44,880 Speaker 1: they called Damien Sassaur and say, all right, give us 314 00:19:44,920 --> 00:19:47,520 Speaker 1: three things that we ought to do by the end 315 00:19:47,520 --> 00:19:50,520 Speaker 1: of the week to start to put this on a 316 00:19:50,680 --> 00:19:54,120 Speaker 1: more reliable and sustainable recovery. Yeah, there are the three 317 00:19:54,200 --> 00:19:56,399 Speaker 1: things that I would do. Is I'd read anything and 318 00:19:56,440 --> 00:20:00,800 Speaker 1: everything I can to reinstall central bank confidence that's the most. 319 00:20:01,560 --> 00:20:03,479 Speaker 1: I don't think you can even I don't think it's 320 00:20:03,520 --> 00:20:05,479 Speaker 1: the level of interest rates. I think it's just about 321 00:20:06,680 --> 00:20:09,320 Speaker 1: the central banks independence, which, as we've discussed here on 322 00:20:09,359 --> 00:20:11,520 Speaker 1: this show before, has been called into question now that 323 00:20:11,560 --> 00:20:13,639 Speaker 1: Irwin's put his son in law at the head of 324 00:20:13,640 --> 00:20:16,960 Speaker 1: the finance ministry. Basically he's controlling the economy, or maybe 325 00:20:16,960 --> 00:20:19,080 Speaker 1: put someone else in charge of the central banks. We 326 00:20:19,119 --> 00:20:21,760 Speaker 1: need independence. That's the first order business. The second would 327 00:20:21,760 --> 00:20:24,000 Speaker 1: be they need to tighten fiscal spending. They need to 328 00:20:24,040 --> 00:20:26,680 Speaker 1: take structural forms. They have a lot of debt, they 329 00:20:26,680 --> 00:20:29,960 Speaker 1: need to stop spending money, stop spending money exactly. And 330 00:20:30,000 --> 00:20:32,520 Speaker 1: the third would be, yeah, I think they need to 331 00:20:32,520 --> 00:20:34,200 Speaker 1: go and appeal to the I m F. They need 332 00:20:34,240 --> 00:20:36,919 Speaker 1: to secure some sort of backup facility in place to 333 00:20:37,000 --> 00:20:40,880 Speaker 1: help arrest uh an idea how much? Um, I have 334 00:20:40,920 --> 00:20:43,480 Speaker 1: no idea how much? And I have no idea. Well, 335 00:20:43,520 --> 00:20:45,120 Speaker 1: I don't know if it's so much. The number again, 336 00:20:45,160 --> 00:20:47,560 Speaker 1: it's just the confidence that hey, they're now appealing to 337 00:20:47,840 --> 00:20:51,600 Speaker 1: multi lateral institutions for for assistance, and they realize that 338 00:20:51,600 --> 00:20:53,280 Speaker 1: their economy is in a bad way and they need 339 00:20:53,320 --> 00:20:56,119 Speaker 1: to do something about it. And you know, look we like, 340 00:20:56,840 --> 00:20:59,720 Speaker 1: I mean, like most most investors in emerging market debt 341 00:20:59,760 --> 00:21:03,520 Speaker 1: will they like I m F backed sovereigns, so you know, 342 00:21:03,560 --> 00:21:05,600 Speaker 1: we would like to see that happen as well. Thank 343 00:21:05,600 --> 00:21:08,520 Speaker 1: you very much. Damian Sassauer as always expert when it 344 00:21:08,560 --> 00:21:11,720 Speaker 1: comes to emerging markets. He's our fixed income strategist for 345 00:21:11,800 --> 00:21:18,320 Speaker 1: Bloomberg Intelligence. Talking about Turkey and it's a dire economic situation. 346 00:21:33,240 --> 00:21:37,199 Speaker 1: Let's turn our attention to the connection between wildfires in 347 00:21:37,400 --> 00:21:41,520 Speaker 1: California and the utilities in California. Here to tell us 348 00:21:41,520 --> 00:21:44,840 Speaker 1: all about it is Kit Ki is our senior Industrials 349 00:21:44,840 --> 00:21:48,959 Speaker 1: and utilities analysts for Bloomberg Intelligence. Kit thank you very 350 00:21:49,040 --> 00:21:52,520 Speaker 1: much for joining me. Maybe just explain to people that 351 00:21:52,600 --> 00:21:56,199 Speaker 1: it is not just the current wildfires that have been 352 00:21:56,240 --> 00:22:00,560 Speaker 1: affecting companies like Pacific Gas and Electric PGNI. This is 353 00:22:00,600 --> 00:22:05,760 Speaker 1: something that has lingered from last year's wildfire season and 354 00:22:05,800 --> 00:22:10,240 Speaker 1: it is continuing unfortunately this year. Absolutely right. Last year, 355 00:22:10,760 --> 00:22:14,800 Speaker 1: there was an estimate of up to fifteen billion dollars 356 00:22:14,840 --> 00:22:17,600 Speaker 1: in liabilities that p g n E ran up, and 357 00:22:18,000 --> 00:22:21,119 Speaker 1: maybe three or four billion that Edison International in the 358 00:22:21,200 --> 00:22:26,520 Speaker 1: South has pending. Nobody knows for sure what those numbers 359 00:22:26,520 --> 00:22:30,360 Speaker 1: are like because all the lawsuits have not been filed 360 00:22:30,400 --> 00:22:33,560 Speaker 1: and they're going to take a long time. But the 361 00:22:33,600 --> 00:22:37,480 Speaker 1: you know, given the track record so far, uh, and 362 00:22:37,560 --> 00:22:42,800 Speaker 1: given the likelihood the courts are sympathetic to victims. Uh, big, 363 00:22:42,840 --> 00:22:48,000 Speaker 1: big potential problems already in the books for pen and Edison, 364 00:22:48,440 --> 00:22:51,360 Speaker 1: and of course what's going on now and what might 365 00:22:51,400 --> 00:22:54,240 Speaker 1: go on next year. This had to do with a 366 00:22:54,400 --> 00:22:59,639 Speaker 1: signing blame or responsibility for some of the fires. But 367 00:23:00,040 --> 00:23:04,560 Speaker 1: there's also an issue having to do with laws regulations 368 00:23:04,560 --> 00:23:07,840 Speaker 1: in the state of California. Yeah, exactly. The utilities and 369 00:23:07,920 --> 00:23:11,480 Speaker 1: investors feel like they're falling in the cracks here that 370 00:23:11,560 --> 00:23:16,840 Speaker 1: there's a doctrine in California, mainly in California that the 371 00:23:16,880 --> 00:23:21,359 Speaker 1: courts of upheld called inverse condemnation, which holds that a 372 00:23:21,520 --> 00:23:26,640 Speaker 1: utility is gonna have to pay for any damages anybody 373 00:23:26,680 --> 00:23:31,080 Speaker 1: suffers if the utility is even slightly involved, regardless of 374 00:23:31,119 --> 00:23:34,800 Speaker 1: their fault. So the idea, uh, you know, broadly was 375 00:23:35,560 --> 00:23:37,800 Speaker 1: somebody picks up the tab first and then you go 376 00:23:38,280 --> 00:23:41,159 Speaker 1: and assign blame. Well, you know, by the time they 377 00:23:41,200 --> 00:23:44,320 Speaker 1: get around to assigning it, investors are legitimately afraid that 378 00:23:44,480 --> 00:23:46,880 Speaker 1: nobody's going to give the money back to the utilities, 379 00:23:46,920 --> 00:23:49,800 Speaker 1: and that's the huge threat there is that the utilities 380 00:23:49,800 --> 00:23:54,880 Speaker 1: have these multibillion dollar liabilities just lingering and eventually having 381 00:23:54,920 --> 00:23:59,680 Speaker 1: to be paid. We know that PGNI currently pays no dividend. 382 00:24:00,080 --> 00:24:04,640 Speaker 1: Correct they've been trying to conserve cash. What's the likelihood 383 00:24:05,040 --> 00:24:09,240 Speaker 1: that pen has to seek bankruptcy protection. I view it 384 00:24:09,720 --> 00:24:15,359 Speaker 1: as a strategic threat at this point. I don't think 385 00:24:15,400 --> 00:24:18,760 Speaker 1: that they're in my view that they, uh you know, 386 00:24:18,800 --> 00:24:23,040 Speaker 1: are an imminent cash danger the way they were in 387 00:24:23,080 --> 00:24:26,720 Speaker 1: the energy crisis in oh one, for example, because a 388 00:24:26,760 --> 00:24:31,320 Speaker 1: lot of these decisions about liabilities haven't been made yet. However, 389 00:24:31,840 --> 00:24:34,520 Speaker 1: they are gonna happen in the future, and I think 390 00:24:35,040 --> 00:24:37,560 Speaker 1: uh p GNY correctly is telling people we're gonna go 391 00:24:37,640 --> 00:24:41,800 Speaker 1: bankrupt if this continues someday, and it's up to us 392 00:24:41,800 --> 00:24:45,000 Speaker 1: when we file. And they're trying to make the state 393 00:24:45,080 --> 00:24:51,280 Speaker 1: legislature make some decisions about protecting us from catastrophic losses 394 00:24:51,320 --> 00:24:54,399 Speaker 1: that make no sense because you need a utility that 395 00:24:54,440 --> 00:24:58,639 Speaker 1: can operate financially. P GENS shares have lost about forty 396 00:24:59,240 --> 00:25:03,640 Speaker 1: of their value usince October of last year. Does that 397 00:25:04,000 --> 00:25:07,879 Speaker 1: figure into the back and forth between PG and E 398 00:25:08,160 --> 00:25:12,200 Speaker 1: and state regulators. Are they able to kind of use 399 00:25:12,320 --> 00:25:16,160 Speaker 1: that as a backdrop and say, look, this is what's happening. 400 00:25:16,160 --> 00:25:19,280 Speaker 1: And as you just said, they do need a public utility. 401 00:25:19,440 --> 00:25:23,959 Speaker 1: There's no question that the utility managers and investors go 402 00:25:24,119 --> 00:25:28,600 Speaker 1: to the public authorities and say, we're we've taken our heads. 403 00:25:29,040 --> 00:25:32,159 Speaker 1: You know, it's not all our fault. Even even in 404 00:25:32,160 --> 00:25:36,159 Speaker 1: the findings by the fire authorities. Yeah, we have some blame, 405 00:25:36,520 --> 00:25:39,159 Speaker 1: but other people have other blame, and some of it 406 00:25:39,240 --> 00:25:42,480 Speaker 1: is just fire start and they burn and it's not 407 00:25:42,960 --> 00:25:45,960 Speaker 1: you know, because we have wires around doesn't mean it 408 00:25:46,040 --> 00:25:49,720 Speaker 1: was our fault. Um. But at any rate, we can't 409 00:25:49,720 --> 00:25:53,240 Speaker 1: go bankrupt. It makes no sense. Don't force us into 410 00:25:53,240 --> 00:25:56,880 Speaker 1: that position. And we've done what we can by cutting 411 00:25:56,920 --> 00:26:01,560 Speaker 1: our dividend out completely. Give you about twenty seconds. What 412 00:26:01,720 --> 00:26:04,600 Speaker 1: is next? What should we look forward? We have two 413 00:26:04,640 --> 00:26:09,239 Speaker 1: things going on. One the big event should be by 414 00:26:09,240 --> 00:26:12,840 Speaker 1: the end of August. The legislature in California will have 415 00:26:12,880 --> 00:26:14,560 Speaker 1: to make a decision on whether they get rid of 416 00:26:14,600 --> 00:26:17,119 Speaker 1: inverse condemnation somewhere or not, and that could play into 417 00:26:17,480 --> 00:26:21,480 Speaker 1: PGNI deciding about bankruptcy. The other is in the near term, 418 00:26:21,520 --> 00:26:25,200 Speaker 1: the biggest fire from last year, the Tubs Fire, has 419 00:26:25,240 --> 00:26:29,320 Speaker 1: a decision to be made by the cal Fire Authority, 420 00:26:29,400 --> 00:26:34,000 Speaker 1: the firefighting agency that puts out a report. Thanks very much. 421 00:26:34,080 --> 00:26:37,560 Speaker 1: Kit Connoledge is our senior Industrials and Utilities analyst for 422 00:26:37,600 --> 00:26:41,960 Speaker 1: Bloomberg Intelligence. Knows all about the business and always appreciate 423 00:26:42,000 --> 00:26:48,720 Speaker 1: your stopping by and enlightening us. Much appreciated. Thanks for 424 00:26:48,800 --> 00:26:51,439 Speaker 1: listening to the Bloomberg P and L podcast. You can 425 00:26:51,480 --> 00:26:55,320 Speaker 1: subscribe and listen to interviews at Apple Podcasts, SoundCloud, or 426 00:26:55,359 --> 00:26:58,840 Speaker 1: whatever podcast platform you prefer. I'm pim Fox. I'm on 427 00:26:58,880 --> 00:27:02,720 Speaker 1: Twitter at and Fox. I'm on Twitter at Lisa Abramo 428 00:27:02,720 --> 00:27:05,399 Speaker 1: wits one. Before the podcast, you can always catch us 429 00:27:05,480 --> 00:27:07,040 Speaker 1: worldwide on Bloomberg Radio.