1 00:00:02,480 --> 00:00:05,920 Speaker 1: Happy Saturday everyone. We have a new episode of this 2 00:00:05,960 --> 00:00:08,440 Speaker 1: show coming out this week that is about Mary, Queen 3 00:00:08,480 --> 00:00:11,680 Speaker 1: of Scott's. Thanks to the folks that Focus Features, they 4 00:00:11,720 --> 00:00:14,120 Speaker 1: approached us about doing an episode that would tie to 5 00:00:14,160 --> 00:00:16,599 Speaker 1: their new film, which is also called Mary Queen of 6 00:00:16,640 --> 00:00:19,160 Speaker 1: Scott's and comes out in the US on December seven. 7 00:00:20,160 --> 00:00:23,360 Speaker 1: Our upcoming episode is about the Babbington plot against Queen 8 00:00:23,360 --> 00:00:26,920 Speaker 1: Elizabeth and the trial for treason that led to Mary's beheading, 9 00:00:27,040 --> 00:00:30,040 Speaker 1: and the ongoing rivalry between Elizabeth and Mary is of 10 00:00:30,080 --> 00:00:32,960 Speaker 1: course a contributing factor to all of that, so we 11 00:00:33,000 --> 00:00:35,960 Speaker 1: wanted to share today's episode from the archive for listeners 12 00:00:36,000 --> 00:00:38,120 Speaker 1: who have not heard it. The episode is from two 13 00:00:38,200 --> 00:00:41,680 Speaker 1: thousand nine. It's by previous hosts Katie and Sarah, and 14 00:00:41,760 --> 00:00:44,559 Speaker 1: for folks who are eager for even more Mary Stewart, 15 00:00:44,640 --> 00:00:47,960 Speaker 1: you can also search our archive for the episode on 16 00:00:48,040 --> 00:00:52,960 Speaker 1: the death of her husband, Lord Darnley. Welcome to Stuff 17 00:00:53,000 --> 00:01:03,520 Speaker 1: You Missed in History Class from how Stuff Works dot Com. Hello, 18 00:01:03,600 --> 00:01:06,280 Speaker 1: and welcome to the podcast. I'm Katie Lambert and I'm 19 00:01:06,319 --> 00:01:09,199 Speaker 1: Sarah Dowdy, and we recently did a podcast on Queen 20 00:01:09,240 --> 00:01:12,920 Speaker 1: Elizabeth the First and it got us thinking about her 21 00:01:13,000 --> 00:01:17,679 Speaker 1: most important relationships while she was queen, and today we're 22 00:01:17,680 --> 00:01:20,640 Speaker 1: going to focus on her relationship with her cousin and 23 00:01:20,760 --> 00:01:25,920 Speaker 1: fellow Queen Mary Stewart, possibly her greatest rival. And since 24 00:01:25,959 --> 00:01:29,600 Speaker 1: we already talked about Elizabeth's early life, let's talk a 25 00:01:29,640 --> 00:01:33,400 Speaker 1: little bit about Mary Stewart's. Unlike Elizabeth, she was born 26 00:01:33,440 --> 00:01:35,920 Speaker 1: a queen. She was the child of King James the 27 00:01:35,959 --> 00:01:38,840 Speaker 1: fifth of Scotland and his French wife, Mary of Geese. 28 00:01:39,440 --> 00:01:42,679 Speaker 1: But her father died six days after her birth, and 29 00:01:42,720 --> 00:01:45,479 Speaker 1: this causes a little trouble for baby Mary. It does 30 00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:49,000 Speaker 1: her grandmother is the sister of Henry the eighth, so 31 00:01:49,240 --> 00:01:52,280 Speaker 1: he immediately makes an attempt to control her, but the 32 00:01:52,360 --> 00:01:55,800 Speaker 1: regency instead goes to her mother. Henry keeps at it 33 00:01:55,840 --> 00:01:59,040 Speaker 1: and pursues what's called the rough wooing between his young 34 00:01:59,200 --> 00:02:03,280 Speaker 1: son and Mary, hoping to make an alliance there. Um 35 00:02:03,280 --> 00:02:07,160 Speaker 1: Mary's mother instead sends her off to France to be 36 00:02:07,640 --> 00:02:10,280 Speaker 1: raised in the court of Henry the second in Catherine 37 00:02:10,320 --> 00:02:13,919 Speaker 1: de Medici, and this was the nicest, most luxurious court 38 00:02:14,080 --> 00:02:16,079 Speaker 1: in Europe at the time, so Mary was in good 39 00:02:16,080 --> 00:02:18,360 Speaker 1: hands and she had a lot of French relatives there. 40 00:02:18,760 --> 00:02:22,560 Speaker 1: And again, unlike Elizabeth. She had a fairly happy childhood. 41 00:02:22,560 --> 00:02:26,640 Speaker 1: It wasn't so stable childhood, right. And Mary grows up 42 00:02:26,680 --> 00:02:29,480 Speaker 1: to be a beautiful young lady. She's about five eleven, 43 00:02:29,600 --> 00:02:33,480 Speaker 1: very tall, remarkably tall for the Renaissance. Yes, she's got 44 00:02:33,600 --> 00:02:37,400 Speaker 1: red gold hair and ambered eyes. Yeah. Mary is really 45 00:02:37,639 --> 00:02:42,040 Speaker 1: the perfect Renaissance princess. When she finally marries Henry and 46 00:02:42,120 --> 00:02:46,400 Speaker 1: Catherine's eldest son, Frances in fiftifty eight, and they like 47 00:02:46,520 --> 00:02:49,880 Speaker 1: each other. They've been raised pretty much as siblings, but 48 00:02:50,120 --> 00:02:54,080 Speaker 1: it's the marriage probably isn't consummated. He's a few years 49 00:02:54,080 --> 00:02:56,880 Speaker 1: younger than her, and he's very sickly, and she thinks 50 00:02:56,919 --> 00:02:59,600 Speaker 1: of him fondly, but more in a brotherly sort of 51 00:02:59,600 --> 00:03:02,160 Speaker 1: way that in a husbandly sort of way. Also, in 52 00:03:02,240 --> 00:03:05,919 Speaker 1: fifteen fifty eight where the parallels start, Elizabeth the first 53 00:03:06,120 --> 00:03:10,200 Speaker 1: sends to the throne, so Mary, through the tutor line, 54 00:03:10,720 --> 00:03:13,560 Speaker 1: is next in line, but Henry had in order of 55 00:03:13,639 --> 00:03:18,200 Speaker 1: succession that had muddled things up a bit. Catholics actually 56 00:03:18,360 --> 00:03:23,639 Speaker 1: would consider Mary the Queen of England already because Elizabeth. 57 00:03:24,680 --> 00:03:28,679 Speaker 1: They don't recognize Elizabeth's parents marriage that of Henry the 58 00:03:28,760 --> 00:03:33,120 Speaker 1: eighth to Ann berleyn so to them, Elizabeth is a 59 00:03:33,200 --> 00:03:38,600 Speaker 1: courtesan's bastard right, And in fifteen fifty nine Francis becomes 60 00:03:38,720 --> 00:03:42,960 Speaker 1: king and Mary is his queen consort, and she begins 61 00:03:43,160 --> 00:03:45,480 Speaker 1: putting on airs as far as this whole Queen of 62 00:03:45,520 --> 00:03:50,280 Speaker 1: England things go, because she's safe, comfortable and powerful in France. 63 00:03:50,360 --> 00:03:53,880 Speaker 1: She has very powerful in laws and she can do 64 00:03:53,920 --> 00:03:57,360 Speaker 1: what she wants with impunity. She certainly doesn't try to 65 00:03:57,440 --> 00:04:00,560 Speaker 1: disabuse anybody of the idea that she's the frightful Queen 66 00:04:00,600 --> 00:04:04,400 Speaker 1: of England. Um. She and Frances actually start quartering their 67 00:04:04,560 --> 00:04:09,360 Speaker 1: arms with that of England, so they're proclaiming themselves rulers 68 00:04:09,560 --> 00:04:13,119 Speaker 1: of France, Scotland and England, which is not something that's 69 00:04:13,120 --> 00:04:15,360 Speaker 1: going to make Elizabeth very happy, you know. And in 70 00:04:15,360 --> 00:04:18,520 Speaker 1: a sense of course, Mary by Henry's order of succession 71 00:04:18,640 --> 00:04:22,120 Speaker 1: had been disinherited or her line had been so this 72 00:04:22,200 --> 00:04:25,680 Speaker 1: does make sense. But the trouble between the two queens 73 00:04:25,880 --> 00:04:29,279 Speaker 1: begins around fifteen sixty when Mary refuses to sign the 74 00:04:29,320 --> 00:04:32,800 Speaker 1: Treaty of Edinburgh, and the basic backstory on that there's 75 00:04:32,839 --> 00:04:37,520 Speaker 1: been a long alliance between France and Scotland and it's 76 00:04:37,560 --> 00:04:42,760 Speaker 1: getting less and less popular with the increasingly Protestant Scottish 77 00:04:42,800 --> 00:04:46,440 Speaker 1: lords who are ready to see themselves freed to France, 78 00:04:46,800 --> 00:04:50,840 Speaker 1: and England backs them, and uh they put together this 79 00:04:51,000 --> 00:04:56,520 Speaker 1: Treaty of Edinburgh, and obviously Mary, as Queen Consort of 80 00:04:56,640 --> 00:05:01,000 Speaker 1: France as well as Queen of Scotland can't uh can't 81 00:05:01,000 --> 00:05:05,480 Speaker 1: advocate breaking up this relationship. She embodies this relationship, and 82 00:05:05,560 --> 00:05:09,520 Speaker 1: she'd also have to then officially recognize Elizabeth as the 83 00:05:09,600 --> 00:05:12,800 Speaker 1: Queen of England instead of herself. It's tantamount to renouncing 84 00:05:13,000 --> 00:05:16,680 Speaker 1: her own claim to the English throne. But further muddling 85 00:05:16,680 --> 00:05:19,320 Speaker 1: matters at the time, her husband Francis dies of an 86 00:05:19,320 --> 00:05:24,240 Speaker 1: ear infection, so she's eighteen, she's dowager Queen and France, 87 00:05:24,600 --> 00:05:27,520 Speaker 1: and it is time for Mary to return home to Scotland, 88 00:05:27,600 --> 00:05:29,920 Speaker 1: where again she hasn't been since she was a baby, 89 00:05:30,360 --> 00:05:33,480 Speaker 1: so things start to get more personal around now. She 90 00:05:33,600 --> 00:05:38,039 Speaker 1: asks Elizabeth for safe conduct crossing the Channel should she 91 00:05:38,120 --> 00:05:41,360 Speaker 1: be forced to land on English soil. Elizabeth gives her 92 00:05:41,400 --> 00:05:44,840 Speaker 1: a pretty snappy answer, which she actually sails before she 93 00:05:44,880 --> 00:05:47,200 Speaker 1: can even receive it. But there would be no safe 94 00:05:47,200 --> 00:05:49,680 Speaker 1: conduct and no welcome for the Queen of Scott's and 95 00:05:49,760 --> 00:05:52,840 Speaker 1: her cousin's realm until she had fulfilled her obligations by 96 00:05:52,960 --> 00:05:56,360 Speaker 1: ratifying the treaty as she was an honor bound to do. 97 00:05:56,839 --> 00:06:00,600 Speaker 1: And Mary was pretty much just sorry. She'd ask offended 98 00:06:00,680 --> 00:06:05,279 Speaker 1: by this response, and the international community also wasn't thrilled 99 00:06:05,320 --> 00:06:09,479 Speaker 1: with Elizabeth's behavior. They thought she's hassling her young, beautiful, 100 00:06:09,640 --> 00:06:14,200 Speaker 1: newly widowed cousin and it's something queen right. So Elizabeth 101 00:06:14,839 --> 00:06:17,360 Speaker 1: comes back from that and tries to play nice and 102 00:06:17,400 --> 00:06:19,880 Speaker 1: tells Mary that in fact they do have a sisterly 103 00:06:19,960 --> 00:06:23,279 Speaker 1: friendship and after all, she didn't send her navy after 104 00:06:23,320 --> 00:06:27,640 Speaker 1: her very benevolent The essential fact here is that Mary 105 00:06:27,760 --> 00:06:31,680 Speaker 1: as a teen queen consort over in France is one 106 00:06:31,720 --> 00:06:35,359 Speaker 1: thing to Elizabeth, but Mary, Queen of Scott's back on 107 00:06:35,400 --> 00:06:39,560 Speaker 1: the marriage market is another issue, entirely right, because with 108 00:06:39,640 --> 00:06:43,640 Speaker 1: Mary coming back to Scotland, Elizabeth now has a dynastic threat. 109 00:06:44,120 --> 00:06:48,240 Speaker 1: There's also the possibility of religious conflict because Mary had 110 00:06:48,279 --> 00:06:50,840 Speaker 1: told the Pope she intended to restore the Catholic faith 111 00:06:50,880 --> 00:06:55,360 Speaker 1: to Scotland and Protestant, and Elizabeth is a staunch Protestant 112 00:06:55,440 --> 00:06:59,800 Speaker 1: as well, and she was also extremely pretty, extremely powerful, 113 00:07:00,080 --> 00:07:03,600 Speaker 1: a rival to all of Elizabeth's potential suit. Elizabeth isn't 114 00:07:03,640 --> 00:07:07,520 Speaker 1: the most eligible queen in Europe anymore and that really 115 00:07:07,560 --> 00:07:10,920 Speaker 1: bugs her. But on the other hand, she sees Mary 116 00:07:10,960 --> 00:07:14,120 Speaker 1: as a potential compatriot. She is her cousin after all, 117 00:07:14,520 --> 00:07:18,240 Speaker 1: and she's a fellow female monarch, which is a a 118 00:07:18,360 --> 00:07:22,080 Speaker 1: very unique situation to be in. So Mary returns to 119 00:07:22,120 --> 00:07:26,200 Speaker 1: Scotland in fifteen sixty one, and her life as a 120 00:07:26,240 --> 00:07:30,200 Speaker 1: potential queen consort in this fancy French court has made 121 00:07:30,200 --> 00:07:33,040 Speaker 1: it very difficult for her to know how to run things. 122 00:07:33,040 --> 00:07:35,760 Speaker 1: She simply hasn't been raised that way and she doesn't 123 00:07:35,800 --> 00:07:38,800 Speaker 1: have the tools she needs as powerful as she needs 124 00:07:38,800 --> 00:07:42,760 Speaker 1: to be. She hasn't been raised and educated as a prince. 125 00:07:43,040 --> 00:07:47,200 Speaker 1: She's been educated as a as a queen consort, and 126 00:07:47,320 --> 00:07:52,480 Speaker 1: that's a very different, different job. And most troublesome of 127 00:07:52,600 --> 00:07:58,000 Speaker 1: all are these Scottish nobles. The Scottish nobles are really 128 00:07:58,080 --> 00:08:01,440 Speaker 1: difficult to deal with. They're more interested it in um 129 00:08:01,480 --> 00:08:05,000 Speaker 1: fluffing up their own feathers kind of and having private feuds. 130 00:08:05,000 --> 00:08:08,400 Speaker 1: They're always feuding with each other then supporting the crown. 131 00:08:08,480 --> 00:08:11,600 Speaker 1: And we have to consider to um there's been a 132 00:08:11,680 --> 00:08:14,920 Speaker 1: regency while the queen has been in a minority for 133 00:08:15,120 --> 00:08:18,840 Speaker 1: eighteen years, so they haven't had a strong ruler for 134 00:08:19,880 --> 00:08:23,560 Speaker 1: a generation. But Mary does okay, at least at first 135 00:08:23,760 --> 00:08:27,840 Speaker 1: um with her illegitimate half brother, James, Earl of Moray, 136 00:08:28,000 --> 00:08:31,000 Speaker 1: she comes to a sort of policy of religious tolerance, 137 00:08:31,040 --> 00:08:34,640 Speaker 1: so at least in that respect there's no more fighting 138 00:08:34,880 --> 00:08:38,440 Speaker 1: or things are at somewhat of a piece as far 139 00:08:38,520 --> 00:08:41,679 Speaker 1: as religion. She can practice her Catholic religion but not 140 00:08:41,920 --> 00:08:45,760 Speaker 1: pull up a Mary Tutor, for instance, and have everyone 141 00:08:45,920 --> 00:08:49,000 Speaker 1: burned at the stake. And some people are happy to 142 00:08:49,040 --> 00:08:51,040 Speaker 1: have her there because again they've had that regency for 143 00:08:51,080 --> 00:08:53,760 Speaker 1: so long. They haven't had a monarch around in a 144 00:08:53,800 --> 00:08:57,360 Speaker 1: long time. And she is beautiful and charming and pleasant 145 00:08:57,440 --> 00:08:59,480 Speaker 1: to be around, so you know, maybe she'll be good 146 00:08:59,480 --> 00:09:02,360 Speaker 1: for Scotland after all. And when she gets back to Scotland, 147 00:09:02,559 --> 00:09:07,959 Speaker 1: she immediately starts working on Elizabeth to be named Elizabeth's Air, 148 00:09:08,679 --> 00:09:13,320 Speaker 1: of which, as we said earlier, um by birth she 149 00:09:13,640 --> 00:09:16,680 Speaker 1: she would be, but she's sort of downgraded her ambitions 150 00:09:16,679 --> 00:09:18,720 Speaker 1: at this point. She's not trying to be named. She's 151 00:09:19,080 --> 00:09:22,120 Speaker 1: calling herself Queen of England now quordering her arms. She 152 00:09:22,240 --> 00:09:26,280 Speaker 1: just wants to be Elizabeth's air, and Mary likes and 153 00:09:26,360 --> 00:09:29,760 Speaker 1: dislikes Elizabeth as well. These aren't just complicated feelings on 154 00:09:29,800 --> 00:09:34,080 Speaker 1: Elizabeth's part, because on one hand, Elizabeth has been helping 155 00:09:34,120 --> 00:09:38,560 Speaker 1: the Protestants cause trouble for Mary in Scotland, but friendly 156 00:09:38,600 --> 00:09:42,640 Speaker 1: relationships would only help. They both realize it would benefit 157 00:09:42,720 --> 00:09:47,040 Speaker 1: them to be friendly, right, But Elizabeth can't name Mary 158 00:09:47,200 --> 00:09:50,440 Speaker 1: her air. And this is what's at least somewhat at 159 00:09:50,480 --> 00:09:53,080 Speaker 1: the crux of their relationship, because that's one of the 160 00:09:53,120 --> 00:09:55,840 Speaker 1: reasons Elizabeth never wanted to get married at all. She 161 00:09:55,880 --> 00:09:58,600 Speaker 1: didn't want to name an air in her lifetime because 162 00:09:58,640 --> 00:09:59,839 Speaker 1: it would be a threat to her. And there's a 163 00:09:59,840 --> 00:10:02,640 Speaker 1: really a good quote about that. Yeah, she says, thank 164 00:10:02,679 --> 00:10:05,160 Speaker 1: you that I could love my winding sheet when his 165 00:10:05,280 --> 00:10:08,360 Speaker 1: example show princess cannot even love their children that are 166 00:10:08,400 --> 00:10:11,000 Speaker 1: to succeed them. And she goes on to say that 167 00:10:11,440 --> 00:10:14,840 Speaker 1: she's been a witness to this, uh, this desire to 168 00:10:15,000 --> 00:10:21,200 Speaker 1: overthrow the current prince with whoever, whoever the heir is uh, 169 00:10:21,320 --> 00:10:24,760 Speaker 1: something she's seen in her sister's lifetime. When Mary Tudor 170 00:10:24,920 --> 00:10:29,000 Speaker 1: was queen, people were saying it's time for Elizabeth. Elizabeth 171 00:10:29,000 --> 00:10:31,280 Speaker 1: should be queen instead, so she knows what it's like, 172 00:10:31,440 --> 00:10:35,120 Speaker 1: and so her fear and reluctance and that context makes 173 00:10:35,120 --> 00:10:38,160 Speaker 1: sense with her being friends with Mary. But they are 174 00:10:38,360 --> 00:10:41,560 Speaker 1: quite cordial, at least for a time, and Mary is 175 00:10:41,559 --> 00:10:45,040 Speaker 1: even a bit courtly. On seeing her cousin Elizabeth's portrait, 176 00:10:45,160 --> 00:10:47,240 Speaker 1: she said she wished that one of them was a 177 00:10:47,280 --> 00:10:50,840 Speaker 1: man so that their kingdoms could be united by marital alliances, 178 00:10:51,440 --> 00:10:54,840 Speaker 1: which we thought was really interesting because of course that 179 00:10:55,000 --> 00:10:58,080 Speaker 1: is how you played the game. Then you married off 180 00:10:58,360 --> 00:11:01,720 Speaker 1: eligible people to create these political alliances. But when you 181 00:11:01,800 --> 00:11:05,679 Speaker 1: had these two two single queens, you can't do the stalemate. 182 00:11:06,240 --> 00:11:08,360 Speaker 1: What's going to happen. One of them is going to win, 183 00:11:08,480 --> 00:11:19,400 Speaker 1: and we'll see which one a little bit later. So 184 00:11:19,559 --> 00:11:21,880 Speaker 1: they both really want to meet each other though, and 185 00:11:21,880 --> 00:11:24,560 Speaker 1: they come pretty close to it in fifteen sixty two, 186 00:11:24,600 --> 00:11:27,800 Speaker 1: but a religious war between the Catholics and Huguenots in 187 00:11:27,960 --> 00:11:32,440 Speaker 1: France upsets the meeting and they're really devastated by it. 188 00:11:32,559 --> 00:11:36,320 Speaker 1: Mary apparently cried all day and was only consoled when 189 00:11:36,360 --> 00:11:40,160 Speaker 1: somebody told her that Elizabeth was just as upset. So 190 00:11:40,400 --> 00:11:43,960 Speaker 1: there's a real personal element to this relationship too. They're 191 00:11:44,080 --> 00:11:47,680 Speaker 1: curious about each other. But the thorn and their relationship, 192 00:11:47,960 --> 00:11:51,520 Speaker 1: of course, is the fact that they both are two 193 00:11:51,520 --> 00:11:55,319 Speaker 1: single queens. But Elizabeth has of course set herself up 194 00:11:55,360 --> 00:11:58,480 Speaker 1: as the virgin Queen, a reputation she's worked very hard 195 00:11:58,520 --> 00:12:02,480 Speaker 1: to maintain, whereas Mary, on the other hand, temperamentally isn't 196 00:12:02,480 --> 00:12:05,080 Speaker 1: suited to be single, she doesn't want to be, and 197 00:12:05,160 --> 00:12:07,520 Speaker 1: she also has to think about the interests of Scotland. 198 00:12:07,559 --> 00:12:09,520 Speaker 1: It is in her interest to get married, but of 199 00:12:09,559 --> 00:12:13,199 Speaker 1: course any choice she makes, much like Elizabeth, is pretty 200 00:12:13,280 --> 00:12:18,680 Speaker 1: much impossible, yea. Elizabeth thinks that she'll be okay with 201 00:12:19,280 --> 00:12:23,200 Speaker 1: Mary's choice as long as it's somebody agreeable to the English, 202 00:12:23,400 --> 00:12:27,199 Speaker 1: namely not a Catholic prince from Spain, Austria or France, 203 00:12:27,200 --> 00:12:30,920 Speaker 1: which would be a very powerful alliance that Elizabeth does 204 00:12:30,920 --> 00:12:34,360 Speaker 1: not want to happen. So instead she offers up a 205 00:12:34,400 --> 00:12:36,920 Speaker 1: man named Robert Dudley and we'll talk about him more 206 00:12:37,080 --> 00:12:41,000 Speaker 1: in another podcast and relationship to Elizabeth. But he was 207 00:12:41,040 --> 00:12:44,520 Speaker 1: Elizabeth's great love, so this is a weird match, right, 208 00:12:44,600 --> 00:12:47,520 Speaker 1: and it was also an insulting one to Mary because 209 00:12:47,720 --> 00:12:51,960 Speaker 1: Dudley was of low birth and he's tainted because he's 210 00:12:52,000 --> 00:12:55,839 Speaker 1: implicated in the very mysterious death of his wife. So 211 00:12:56,559 --> 00:12:59,520 Speaker 1: Mary is genuinely insulted by this idea of a match 212 00:12:59,720 --> 00:13:03,800 Speaker 1: kind of Elizabeth's reject. Elizabeth can't marry him herself at 213 00:13:03,800 --> 00:13:06,839 Speaker 1: this point, and Dudley is not interested in this match either, 214 00:13:07,040 --> 00:13:10,680 Speaker 1: so he doesn't want to move to Scotland and leave Elizabeth. No, 215 00:13:10,960 --> 00:13:13,240 Speaker 1: so she's game playing a little bit, and Mary herself 216 00:13:13,320 --> 00:13:16,559 Speaker 1: is trying to arrange something with Don Carlos, who is 217 00:13:16,600 --> 00:13:19,200 Speaker 1: Philip the Second's Air and it's good this doesn't work 218 00:13:19,200 --> 00:13:22,880 Speaker 1: out of Spain. Don Carlos is not a great guy. Yeah, 219 00:13:23,040 --> 00:13:26,880 Speaker 1: So Mary declines an invitation to meet with Elizabeth, which 220 00:13:27,040 --> 00:13:33,160 Speaker 1: of course greatly offends Elizabeth and um. Eventually, Mary's advisers, uh, 221 00:13:33,360 --> 00:13:36,240 Speaker 1: right to Elizabeth's advisor, my guys will call your guys 222 00:13:36,640 --> 00:13:40,840 Speaker 1: and tell her that Mary won't even consider marrying Dudley 223 00:13:40,920 --> 00:13:44,199 Speaker 1: unless Elizabeth would settle the succession on her, And after 224 00:13:44,240 --> 00:13:47,520 Speaker 1: that Elizabeth is quiet. The game is over. Mary has 225 00:13:47,760 --> 00:13:51,000 Speaker 1: has called her on it, basically, but at this point 226 00:13:51,120 --> 00:13:54,360 Speaker 1: another possible suitor enters the game, and his name is 227 00:13:54,400 --> 00:13:58,480 Speaker 1: Lord Darnley. So Lord Darnley made a little shot at 228 00:13:58,559 --> 00:14:02,200 Speaker 1: Mary when she was first widowed. His mother sent him 229 00:14:02,200 --> 00:14:06,199 Speaker 1: to France to press his suit with with Mary. She 230 00:14:06,280 --> 00:14:10,240 Speaker 1: wasn't interested at the time, UM. But Elizabeth was very 231 00:14:10,280 --> 00:14:14,240 Speaker 1: disturbed by this because Lord Darnley is also a tutor claimant. 232 00:14:14,360 --> 00:14:18,600 Speaker 1: He's a cousin of Mary's UM. Elizabeth doesn't want any 233 00:14:18,880 --> 00:14:24,360 Speaker 1: consolidation of the tutor claims, so when Darnley returns from France, 234 00:14:24,400 --> 00:14:27,280 Speaker 1: she has him and his mother arrested, but by this 235 00:14:27,320 --> 00:14:30,520 Speaker 1: time they've patched things up. Elizabeth is okay with him again. 236 00:14:30,920 --> 00:14:34,680 Speaker 1: She lets Darnley go to Scotland on family business, whatever 237 00:14:35,160 --> 00:14:39,160 Speaker 1: that might be. UM. And it's kind of suspicious here 238 00:14:39,320 --> 00:14:44,400 Speaker 1: because she knows what Darnley's intention is regarding Mary. Not honorable, 239 00:14:44,560 --> 00:14:46,560 Speaker 1: let's put it that way, or at least honorable. He 240 00:14:46,640 --> 00:14:49,440 Speaker 1: wants to marry Mary, but he's not an honorable guy. 241 00:14:49,600 --> 00:14:52,480 Speaker 1: There are several accounts of him being basically someone who's 242 00:14:52,520 --> 00:14:55,280 Speaker 1: really nice on the outside, and once you get to 243 00:14:55,320 --> 00:14:58,640 Speaker 1: know him, you realize just how bad he is vicious. 244 00:14:59,480 --> 00:15:05,040 Speaker 1: So it's kind of suspicious that Elizabeth is sending him. 245 00:15:05,080 --> 00:15:08,520 Speaker 1: She might know how this all plays out right and 246 00:15:08,720 --> 00:15:11,880 Speaker 1: be planning this is something that could possibly ruin marry 247 00:15:12,560 --> 00:15:17,080 Speaker 1: So three nights before Darnley arrives, spectral warriors are seen 248 00:15:17,240 --> 00:15:19,560 Speaker 1: fighting in the streets of Edinburgh at midnight, and I 249 00:15:19,640 --> 00:15:22,760 Speaker 1: think we can all agree that's a bad omen. And 250 00:15:23,040 --> 00:15:27,040 Speaker 1: soon enough Mary welcomes him, and soon enough falls in 251 00:15:27,040 --> 00:15:29,920 Speaker 1: love with him. They're both young, they're both very attractive, 252 00:15:30,440 --> 00:15:34,800 Speaker 1: and as Katie said earlier, being single does not suit Mary. 253 00:15:34,880 --> 00:15:38,840 Speaker 1: And they announced their engagement and then I love this. 254 00:15:38,960 --> 00:15:43,480 Speaker 1: So Elizabeth has let Darnley go to Scotland, knowing what 255 00:15:43,600 --> 00:15:47,520 Speaker 1: might happen, but she completely plays dumb and is shocked 256 00:15:47,520 --> 00:15:52,840 Speaker 1: by the engagement and arrest Darnley's mother, and Mary, quite 257 00:15:53,920 --> 00:15:56,440 Speaker 1: quite understandably is saying, hey, I thought you wanted me 258 00:15:56,480 --> 00:15:59,720 Speaker 1: to marry an English guy, and I am. So they 259 00:15:59,760 --> 00:16:02,960 Speaker 1: get married in July of fifteen sixty five, and it 260 00:16:03,080 --> 00:16:05,880 Speaker 1: is quickly revealed to Mary that she has made a 261 00:16:06,000 --> 00:16:09,800 Speaker 1: very bad choice. Darnley is simply not a good guy, 262 00:16:09,920 --> 00:16:12,960 Speaker 1: and it's not just her who decides to hate him. 263 00:16:13,000 --> 00:16:16,360 Speaker 1: It's all of these Scottish lords, those contentious lords do 264 00:16:16,480 --> 00:16:20,200 Speaker 1: not like Darnley, and things get really bad by March 265 00:16:20,320 --> 00:16:23,800 Speaker 1: fifteen sixty six, so less than a year after the marriage, 266 00:16:24,280 --> 00:16:30,560 Speaker 1: uh in the Rizzio Murder Darnley and other lord's plot 267 00:16:31,200 --> 00:16:35,240 Speaker 1: to murder Mary's favorite in front of her. She's heavily 268 00:16:35,320 --> 00:16:39,440 Speaker 1: pregnant by this point, and they're hoping that she'll be 269 00:16:39,800 --> 00:16:43,320 Speaker 1: so shocked by seeing this man killed in front of her, 270 00:16:43,560 --> 00:16:47,760 Speaker 1: you know, at her feet essentially, that she'll be dehabilitated 271 00:16:47,960 --> 00:16:52,400 Speaker 1: and Darnley will act as maybe a regent or maybe 272 00:16:52,480 --> 00:16:56,000 Speaker 1: a king and just completely delusional thinking because no one 273 00:16:56,040 --> 00:16:59,120 Speaker 1: would have ever let that happen. Again, they hated him. 274 00:16:59,280 --> 00:17:02,800 Speaker 1: So Mary is confined for a few days, and she 275 00:17:02,960 --> 00:17:06,119 Speaker 1: is much brighter than her somewhat dimwitted husband, and she 276 00:17:06,160 --> 00:17:09,520 Speaker 1: convinces him that the conspirators are going to go after 277 00:17:09,640 --> 00:17:12,080 Speaker 1: him next. There's no way he's going to be a 278 00:17:12,160 --> 00:17:15,359 Speaker 1: regent or a co ruler or something now, so she 279 00:17:15,400 --> 00:17:17,479 Speaker 1: gets all of his conspirators names out of him, and 280 00:17:17,560 --> 00:17:20,840 Speaker 1: they end up escaping through servant quarters and ride twenty 281 00:17:20,880 --> 00:17:24,359 Speaker 1: five miles to safety, once again while she's heavily pregnant. 282 00:17:24,840 --> 00:17:29,560 Speaker 1: Um The relations between Elizabeth and Mary actually improve after this. 283 00:17:29,760 --> 00:17:35,159 Speaker 1: After obviously Elizabeth was disappointed with Mary's choice of husband 284 00:17:35,200 --> 00:17:38,360 Speaker 1: and things have gotten a little frosty there. But Elizabeth 285 00:17:38,440 --> 00:17:42,080 Speaker 1: is so horrified that something like this would happen in 286 00:17:42,119 --> 00:17:46,560 Speaker 1: front of a fellow sovereign queen, an anointed queen um 287 00:17:46,600 --> 00:17:49,800 Speaker 1: that she warms up to Mary again right, And when 288 00:17:49,880 --> 00:17:53,800 Speaker 1: Mary gives birth to her son James in June sixty six, 289 00:17:54,240 --> 00:17:57,560 Speaker 1: she names Elizabeth as the godmother, and in a fun 290 00:17:57,600 --> 00:18:01,080 Speaker 1: little story, Elizabeth sends a gold font for the baby, 291 00:18:01,119 --> 00:18:04,280 Speaker 1: but not realizing that the baptism took place a few 292 00:18:04,320 --> 00:18:07,240 Speaker 1: months after the birth font she sent was much too small. 293 00:18:07,359 --> 00:18:11,240 Speaker 1: She's really embarrassed that little baby game um. But the 294 00:18:11,280 --> 00:18:16,320 Speaker 1: birth doesn't help Mary and Darnley reconcile, and she's starting 295 00:18:16,320 --> 00:18:20,480 Speaker 1: to think, Okay, I have a male air. How can 296 00:18:20,520 --> 00:18:24,040 Speaker 1: I get rid of this husband? She was really upset 297 00:18:24,160 --> 00:18:27,199 Speaker 1: about the prospect of spending her days with him, but 298 00:18:27,280 --> 00:18:29,920 Speaker 1: annulment is out of the question because that would mean 299 00:18:29,960 --> 00:18:32,040 Speaker 1: that James is a legitimate and she can't do that. 300 00:18:32,119 --> 00:18:35,120 Speaker 1: She needs an air, so her options are pretty much 301 00:18:35,240 --> 00:18:39,680 Speaker 1: divorce or arresting him for treason. But the question is 302 00:18:39,720 --> 00:18:43,560 Speaker 1: answered for her in fifteen sixty seven. So on the 303 00:18:43,680 --> 00:18:47,480 Speaker 1: night of February nine, Mary is supposed to spend the 304 00:18:47,560 --> 00:18:50,840 Speaker 1: night with Darnley, but she realizes that the last minute 305 00:18:50,880 --> 00:18:54,280 Speaker 1: that she has a mask to attend and goes out. Meanwhile, 306 00:18:54,800 --> 00:19:00,280 Speaker 1: Darnley's room is blown up seriously and he runs into 307 00:19:00,320 --> 00:19:05,359 Speaker 1: the night naked and is strangled to death. That's quite 308 00:19:05,359 --> 00:19:07,600 Speaker 1: a story, and we're going to talk about it more 309 00:19:07,920 --> 00:19:10,920 Speaker 1: later because it's too good to pass up now. That'll 310 00:19:10,920 --> 00:19:15,000 Speaker 1: be a different podcast. But after his death, Mary doesn't 311 00:19:15,040 --> 00:19:18,720 Speaker 1: conduct herself in the wisest manner. In fact, she marries 312 00:19:18,800 --> 00:19:21,640 Speaker 1: the chief suspect, James Hepburn, who is the fourth Earl 313 00:19:21,760 --> 00:19:25,760 Speaker 1: of Bothwell, just three months after the death, and also 314 00:19:25,880 --> 00:19:29,360 Speaker 1: after he abduct and ravished her according to accounts, and 315 00:19:29,400 --> 00:19:33,600 Speaker 1: that's always been unclear. Was it a willing abduction or 316 00:19:34,359 --> 00:19:37,320 Speaker 1: did this guy just steal her for real? And he's 317 00:19:37,320 --> 00:19:39,639 Speaker 1: married at the time, so he's granted a divorce to 318 00:19:39,720 --> 00:19:43,119 Speaker 1: marry her. So again, things aren't looking so great as 319 00:19:43,160 --> 00:19:46,680 Speaker 1: far as Mary's choices are going. But she may just 320 00:19:46,760 --> 00:19:49,960 Speaker 1: have been very simple sad at that point, she's in 321 00:19:50,040 --> 00:19:52,600 Speaker 1: ill health. She needs a strong man to help her 322 00:19:52,760 --> 00:19:57,520 Speaker 1: manage Scotland. She's already married once badly, and she's got 323 00:19:57,560 --> 00:19:59,960 Speaker 1: her heir and has to figure out how she's going 324 00:20:00,040 --> 00:20:02,560 Speaker 1: to live the rest of her life. But Elizabeth is 325 00:20:02,880 --> 00:20:07,840 Speaker 1: disgusted by Mary's actions and um, she even compares them 326 00:20:07,880 --> 00:20:11,840 Speaker 1: to her own relation with her true love Dudley and 327 00:20:12,280 --> 00:20:15,640 Speaker 1: his wife's mysterious death, and how she's conducted herself so 328 00:20:16,040 --> 00:20:20,639 Speaker 1: properly after this, uh, contrasted with Mary running away with 329 00:20:20,680 --> 00:20:24,119 Speaker 1: this guy. Elizabeth even wants little Prince James sent to 330 00:20:24,160 --> 00:20:26,880 Speaker 1: England so she can rear him under her protection rather 331 00:20:26,920 --> 00:20:29,480 Speaker 1: than him being with Mary and this strange new man. 332 00:20:37,800 --> 00:20:42,119 Speaker 1: But Mary and Bothwell part ways. On June sixty seven, 333 00:20:42,880 --> 00:20:47,800 Speaker 1: He's forced into exile and imprisonment by those lords who, 334 00:20:48,040 --> 00:20:50,199 Speaker 1: you know, having just gotten rid of Darnley, they're not 335 00:20:50,280 --> 00:20:54,359 Speaker 1: willing to to put up with Bothwell. Um. But Mary 336 00:20:54,400 --> 00:20:57,400 Speaker 1: herself is imprisoned on a tiny island in the middle 337 00:20:57,440 --> 00:21:00,440 Speaker 1: of a lock and deposed in favor of her one 338 00:21:00,480 --> 00:21:05,439 Speaker 1: year old son, James, and Elizabeth is completely outraged. She 339 00:21:05,520 --> 00:21:08,080 Speaker 1: was outraged by Mary's actions to begin with, but now 340 00:21:08,520 --> 00:21:11,280 Speaker 1: she's even more outraged by what the Scottish lords have 341 00:21:11,320 --> 00:21:15,240 Speaker 1: done by deposing Mary. Because Elizabeth has very strong viewpoints 342 00:21:15,320 --> 00:21:18,919 Speaker 1: about again appropriate behavior one and about the monarchy and 343 00:21:18,960 --> 00:21:23,080 Speaker 1: how an adored queen a sovereign and this was simply inappropriate, 344 00:21:23,160 --> 00:21:26,080 Speaker 1: and a lot of historians have suggested that if Elizabeth 345 00:21:26,080 --> 00:21:29,760 Speaker 1: hadn't protested so much against their actions, and the Scottish 346 00:21:29,760 --> 00:21:32,320 Speaker 1: lords would have executed Mary with without much to do 347 00:21:32,400 --> 00:21:35,520 Speaker 1: at all. Um And and that really is the crux 348 00:21:35,560 --> 00:21:39,400 Speaker 1: of their relationship. This, this is why Elizabeth hesitates over 349 00:21:39,480 --> 00:21:43,480 Speaker 1: the Mary question for so long, because actively trying to 350 00:21:43,520 --> 00:21:47,679 Speaker 1: depose or sentenced to death a fellow monarch sets a 351 00:21:47,760 --> 00:21:51,399 Speaker 1: really dangerous precedent and it's not something Elizabeth wants to 352 00:21:51,440 --> 00:21:54,640 Speaker 1: get into. But in contrast all these helpful things she's 353 00:21:54,680 --> 00:21:57,440 Speaker 1: doing at the same time, In March of fifteen sixty eight, 354 00:21:57,440 --> 00:22:00,800 Speaker 1: Elizabeth is eyeing Mary's jewels, which of course have been 355 00:22:00,840 --> 00:22:04,240 Speaker 1: put up for auction, and she outbids Katherine de Medici 356 00:22:04,359 --> 00:22:08,560 Speaker 1: for her pearls, and you'll see them in several state portraits. 357 00:22:09,520 --> 00:22:15,280 Speaker 1: M Mary's briefly liberated the following year, and uh tries 358 00:22:15,359 --> 00:22:18,760 Speaker 1: to seek refuge in England with her cousin Elizabeth. She's 359 00:22:18,760 --> 00:22:22,200 Speaker 1: probably thinking Elizabeth has been pretty nice and helpful lately, 360 00:22:22,440 --> 00:22:25,879 Speaker 1: but this is a really bad move, because Elizabeth uses 361 00:22:25,960 --> 00:22:32,000 Speaker 1: as an excuse issues surrounding Darnley's murder and holds Mary 362 00:22:32,040 --> 00:22:34,639 Speaker 1: in a series of prisons for the next eighteen years, 363 00:22:35,280 --> 00:22:38,920 Speaker 1: and the English tribunal delivers the only verdict they can 364 00:22:39,040 --> 00:22:42,879 Speaker 1: against Mary because there's nothing that can be proved. But 365 00:22:42,920 --> 00:22:46,199 Speaker 1: Elizabeth can't let her go either because Mary at this 366 00:22:46,280 --> 00:22:49,719 Speaker 1: point has gotten interested again in claiming the English throne 367 00:22:49,760 --> 00:22:52,480 Speaker 1: because she doesn't want the Scottish one back, and I mean, 368 00:22:52,520 --> 00:22:55,879 Speaker 1: really would you. It's pretty understandable, and the tempo of 369 00:22:55,920 --> 00:22:58,240 Speaker 1: her life has changed at this point. She's gone from 370 00:22:58,240 --> 00:23:02,359 Speaker 1: being this romantic and venturous figure in this whirlwind life, 371 00:23:02,359 --> 00:23:07,160 Speaker 1: always fleeing on horseback exactly, to spending twenty years in prison, 372 00:23:07,480 --> 00:23:11,960 Speaker 1: practicing her religion and working on her embroidery. Yeah, she's 373 00:23:11,960 --> 00:23:14,920 Speaker 1: her embroidery is kind of an interesting side note. There 374 00:23:14,960 --> 00:23:19,600 Speaker 1: actually been books written solely about Mary's embroidery. She was 375 00:23:19,640 --> 00:23:22,960 Speaker 1: really good at it, but she would use symbolism. I 376 00:23:23,400 --> 00:23:27,119 Speaker 1: really liked rendering of a ginger cat playing with a mouse, 377 00:23:27,160 --> 00:23:30,000 Speaker 1: which was a reference to the red hair to Elizabeth 378 00:23:30,080 --> 00:23:34,160 Speaker 1: toying with poor little mouse Mary. But most of her 379 00:23:34,160 --> 00:23:37,520 Speaker 1: time in prison is really sad and her health suffers, 380 00:23:37,520 --> 00:23:41,479 Speaker 1: her beauty diminishes, and she resolves to get out first 381 00:23:41,560 --> 00:23:45,240 Speaker 1: by pleading with Elizabeth. But also she is scheming from 382 00:23:45,240 --> 00:23:49,560 Speaker 1: the very beginning, Elizabeth's chief advisor actually warns her the 383 00:23:49,640 --> 00:23:53,040 Speaker 1: Queen of Scott's is and always shall be a dangerous 384 00:23:53,080 --> 00:23:58,160 Speaker 1: person to your estate, and that is very much true. 385 00:23:58,240 --> 00:24:01,400 Speaker 1: Mary has started plogging against a Elizabeth almost as soon 386 00:24:01,880 --> 00:24:06,359 Speaker 1: as she was in England, um and unfortunately she's the 387 00:24:06,440 --> 00:24:10,760 Speaker 1: number one hope for English Catholics. So basically, any rebellion 388 00:24:10,920 --> 00:24:13,760 Speaker 1: you have that's trying to unsee Elizabeth is going to 389 00:24:13,920 --> 00:24:17,479 Speaker 1: look to Mary as the woman to put on the 390 00:24:17,480 --> 00:24:20,639 Speaker 1: throne in her stead. And one of the plots in 391 00:24:20,760 --> 00:24:24,120 Speaker 1: fifteen seventy was a big deal, the Rodolphie plot, which 392 00:24:24,240 --> 00:24:27,639 Speaker 1: was your average run of the mill Catholic plot to 393 00:24:27,680 --> 00:24:31,160 Speaker 1: assassinate Elizabeth and replace her with Mary. But after this 394 00:24:31,280 --> 00:24:37,040 Speaker 1: particular event, Elizabeth never again considers restoring Mary, and she 395 00:24:37,119 --> 00:24:41,520 Speaker 1: recognizes James the sixth as King of Scotland. But Mary's 396 00:24:41,560 --> 00:24:46,040 Speaker 1: security gets tighter around four she's been living as a 397 00:24:46,119 --> 00:24:51,640 Speaker 1: queen imprisoned. But it goes into major lockdown mode by 398 00:24:51,640 --> 00:24:54,800 Speaker 1: this point, and they're also new laws against plotting treason 399 00:24:54,840 --> 00:24:57,960 Speaker 1: in England by this point, and Elizabeth is afraid that 400 00:24:58,000 --> 00:25:00,359 Speaker 1: she might have to kill Mary under them. In goes 401 00:25:00,440 --> 00:25:04,879 Speaker 1: to the now grown James and asks if you and 402 00:25:04,920 --> 00:25:07,440 Speaker 1: your mother would be willing to co rule, and he's 403 00:25:07,680 --> 00:25:11,120 Speaker 1: unwilling to do this. He's seeing a future for himself 404 00:25:11,160 --> 00:25:14,640 Speaker 1: as um not only king of Scotland, but King of England, 405 00:25:15,160 --> 00:25:19,359 Speaker 1: and uh. Elizabeth tries to hide this betrayal from Mary, 406 00:25:19,400 --> 00:25:24,120 Speaker 1: which was kind, but the end finally happens in a 407 00:25:24,160 --> 00:25:26,960 Speaker 1: plot that was sent through beer barrels. Mary is under 408 00:25:26,960 --> 00:25:29,520 Speaker 1: this heavy security, but these beer barrels are like the 409 00:25:29,560 --> 00:25:32,600 Speaker 1: one one chink in the armor. But even then, even 410 00:25:32,640 --> 00:25:35,399 Speaker 1: after yet another plot comes up where it's clear to 411 00:25:35,440 --> 00:25:38,800 Speaker 1: Elizabeth that Mary is still conspiring against her. She wavers 412 00:25:38,880 --> 00:25:43,320 Speaker 1: for months about doing anything about it. She even declares, 413 00:25:43,359 --> 00:25:45,920 Speaker 1: I am not free but a captive. She knows that 414 00:25:46,280 --> 00:25:51,840 Speaker 1: their lives are entwined together forever. And finally, though, Mary 415 00:25:51,920 --> 00:25:56,640 Speaker 1: is executed in February eight and she goes to her 416 00:25:56,680 --> 00:26:00,879 Speaker 1: death in a very dignified manner and end the fact 417 00:26:00,920 --> 00:26:04,520 Speaker 1: of her death is broken to Elizabeth, She's almost hysterical. 418 00:26:05,400 --> 00:26:08,960 Speaker 1: She dresses in mourning, She cries, She rages against those 419 00:26:08,960 --> 00:26:11,000 Speaker 1: who drove her to do this, so much so that 420 00:26:11,040 --> 00:26:13,960 Speaker 1: her advisers get out of town because worried the shell 421 00:26:14,000 --> 00:26:18,639 Speaker 1: do right. And she's also afraid, truly, deeply afraid, that 422 00:26:18,720 --> 00:26:22,040 Speaker 1: God will punish her for what she's done. And she's 423 00:26:22,320 --> 00:26:25,359 Speaker 1: part of this is certainly personal. This was a hard 424 00:26:25,440 --> 00:26:29,000 Speaker 1: personal decision for Elizabeth to make, but she's also worried 425 00:26:29,040 --> 00:26:33,119 Speaker 1: that her international reputation will be shot, that she's put 426 00:26:33,720 --> 00:26:39,480 Speaker 1: Catholic martyr to death, not just a treasonous queen um 427 00:26:39,520 --> 00:26:43,720 Speaker 1: and some of this rage and these crying fits are 428 00:26:43,760 --> 00:26:47,920 Speaker 1: to show the world that she's upset by this. So 429 00:26:48,280 --> 00:26:51,720 Speaker 1: while the relationship between the Thistle and the Rose came 430 00:26:51,760 --> 00:26:55,040 Speaker 1: to a bloody end, the interesting thing is that despite 431 00:26:55,080 --> 00:26:58,440 Speaker 1: this long history they have with one another, they've never 432 00:26:58,480 --> 00:27:03,960 Speaker 1: met no and Mary never stopped pleading for personal contact. 433 00:27:04,080 --> 00:27:07,160 Speaker 1: She was a very charming woman, and she was sure 434 00:27:07,200 --> 00:27:10,080 Speaker 1: that she could charm her cousin too. And Elizabeth was 435 00:27:10,200 --> 00:27:13,600 Speaker 1: interested at first in this, but became more and more distant, 436 00:27:13,960 --> 00:27:17,640 Speaker 1: and she's she's afraid of the charm. She's afraid that 437 00:27:17,760 --> 00:27:22,800 Speaker 1: Mary will enchant her, or worse, upstage her, be prettier 438 00:27:22,840 --> 00:27:27,400 Speaker 1: and more impressive than the great Queen Elizabeth. She said 439 00:27:27,440 --> 00:27:30,240 Speaker 1: at one point, there is something sublime and the words 440 00:27:30,320 --> 00:27:32,879 Speaker 1: and bearing of the Queen of Scott's that constrains even 441 00:27:32,880 --> 00:27:36,160 Speaker 1: her enemies to speak well of her. And again, since 442 00:27:36,200 --> 00:27:39,480 Speaker 1: they never met, they had the opportunity to make the 443 00:27:39,560 --> 00:27:43,520 Speaker 1: other one larger than life in their minds less excuse me, 444 00:27:43,560 --> 00:27:48,159 Speaker 1: more than human. And it's funny too to consider their reputations. 445 00:27:48,200 --> 00:27:52,920 Speaker 1: Elizabeth always played up the masculinity of her strength, even 446 00:27:52,920 --> 00:27:56,760 Speaker 1: though she was a very emotional woman, and Mary has 447 00:27:56,800 --> 00:28:01,200 Speaker 1: always been seen as the emotional one, even though honestly 448 00:28:01,960 --> 00:28:05,480 Speaker 1: she's more ruthless. She would have seen Elizabeth murdered because 449 00:28:05,680 --> 00:28:09,960 Speaker 1: she was so desperate. Well, Elizabeth takes forever to sentence 450 00:28:09,960 --> 00:28:13,960 Speaker 1: her to death, so between this battle of the rival queens, 451 00:28:14,600 --> 00:28:17,440 Speaker 1: they both end up winning and losing. In the end, 452 00:28:17,560 --> 00:28:22,639 Speaker 1: Elizabeth makes James her air, and every British monarch since 453 00:28:22,680 --> 00:28:25,840 Speaker 1: then has been a descendant of Mary. But James, of 454 00:28:25,880 --> 00:28:29,560 Speaker 1: course was a Protestant Air, which was the cause dear 455 00:28:29,600 --> 00:28:33,040 Speaker 1: to Elizabeth's heart. And the best conclusion to this story 456 00:28:33,440 --> 00:28:37,360 Speaker 1: is that when James becomes king, he brings his mother's 457 00:28:37,359 --> 00:28:41,840 Speaker 1: remains to Westminster Abbey and builds a magnificent marble tomb 458 00:28:42,440 --> 00:28:45,840 Speaker 1: for the lady Chapel with a Scottish lion at her feet, 459 00:28:46,320 --> 00:28:50,120 Speaker 1: and the tomb lies just across the aisle from U Guessta, 460 00:28:50,560 --> 00:28:54,280 Speaker 1: that of Elizabeth together forever. So we will end with 461 00:28:54,440 --> 00:28:57,520 Speaker 1: the words of Elizabeth, who wrote a sonnet about Mary 462 00:28:57,640 --> 00:29:00,360 Speaker 1: and said, the daughter of debate that eke this chord 463 00:29:00,480 --> 00:29:03,640 Speaker 1: doth so shall reap no gain where former rule that's 464 00:29:03,760 --> 00:29:13,640 Speaker 1: taught still peace to grow. Thank you so much for 465 00:29:13,720 --> 00:29:16,920 Speaker 1: joining us on this Saturday. If you have heard an 466 00:29:16,920 --> 00:29:19,120 Speaker 1: email address or a Facebook you are l or something 467 00:29:19,240 --> 00:29:22,000 Speaker 1: similar over the course of today's episode, since it is 468 00:29:22,080 --> 00:29:24,160 Speaker 1: from the archive that might be out of date now, 469 00:29:24,680 --> 00:29:27,760 Speaker 1: you can email us at History podcast at how stuff 470 00:29:27,760 --> 00:29:29,720 Speaker 1: works dot com, and you can find us all over 471 00:29:29,800 --> 00:29:33,240 Speaker 1: social media at missed in History. And you can subscribe 472 00:29:33,240 --> 00:29:36,400 Speaker 1: to our show on Apple podcasts, Google podcast, the I 473 00:29:36,520 --> 00:29:39,600 Speaker 1: Heart Radio app, and wherever else you listen to podcasts. 474 00:29:43,840 --> 00:29:46,360 Speaker 1: For more on this and thousands of other topics, visit 475 00:29:46,440 --> 00:29:52,719 Speaker 1: how stuff Works dot com.