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Speaker 1: Hey, and welcome to the playlist. The Stuff You Should

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Speaker 1: Know Think Spring playlist to be exact, Chuck, Jerry and

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Speaker 1: I figured it was high time that winner got the

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Speaker 1: heck on, So we're tapping into all of our wishful

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Speaker 1: thinking and getting the crocuses to sprout and the air

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Speaker 1: to warm up and the chipmunks to come out. For

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Speaker 1: our first episode, we're going with caterpillars colon Nature's Magicians

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Speaker 1: because we can't think of a more poetic way to

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Speaker 1: kick things off. So enjoy this episode, and enjoy the playlist,

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Speaker 1: and don't forget to think Spring with all your might.

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Speaker 2: Cool. Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of iHeartRadio.

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Speaker 1: Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh and there's

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Speaker 1: Chuck and there's Jerry. The three of us just inchin

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Speaker 1: along in life together, trying to make do, making our

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Speaker 1: way in the world today. It takes everything a cop

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Speaker 1: Oh yeah, and this is stuff you should.

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Speaker 2: Cheers.

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Speaker 1: Cheers, Chuck cheers. Uh.

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Speaker 3: You know, if it's an episode where we say mouth parts.

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Speaker 1: I knew you're gonna say.

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Speaker 3: This, then we're going back to the old school from

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Speaker 3: our let's say, former colleague Tracy is still our colleague.

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Speaker 2: We just never see anyone anymore, right fully.

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Speaker 3: But Tracy Wilson, a co host of The Stuff You

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Speaker 3: Missed in History Class along with Holly. They're wonderful. They've

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Speaker 3: been around for years. They're icons of podcasting. Tracy used

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Speaker 3: to write a bunch of insect articles for HowStuffWorks dot

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Speaker 3: com back in the day.

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Speaker 1: She very legendarily stayed up for seventy two straight hours

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Speaker 1: and wrote like more than two dozen insect articles in

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Speaker 1: that time. They just got weirder and as the time

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Speaker 1: went on.

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Speaker 3: I almost believe that for a second. But Tracy always

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Speaker 3: does a great job with those, or did a great job,

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Speaker 3: And most of most of the insect articles we've ever

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Speaker 3: used have been Tracy's original, like the ticks and the

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Speaker 3: fleas and I don't think ants, but bees probably was.

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Speaker 1: She's the master of it for sure.

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Speaker 3: I mean she wrote a lot of them, and this

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Speaker 3: one about caterpillars was from Tracy, along with stuff from

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Speaker 3: World at List in the eighty eight and rereading butterflies

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Speaker 3: dot com. But I just realized today when I was

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Speaker 3: researching this some more, that we haven't done butterflies yet no,

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Speaker 3: which is shocking.

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Speaker 1: We've done one we.

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Speaker 2: Did the wings like that, you're desk Okay.

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Speaker 1: That's what it was. Yeah, And we talked about them

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Speaker 1: in the Animal Migration episode two.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, but not a standalone on butterflies. So we're going

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Speaker 3: to talk about their their counterpart. And one of the

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Speaker 3: facts of the episode already for me is that but

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Speaker 3: caterpillars that eventually turned into butterflies.

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Speaker 2: It's it's the same species. It's still the same thing.

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Speaker 4: Right.

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Speaker 1: We should never knew that we should do it too,

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Speaker 1: You didn't.

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Speaker 2: I just figured it like, well, now it's something else,

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Speaker 2: like entirely huh.

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Speaker 1: But did you know about the transformation and the chrysalis

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Speaker 1: or cocoon and everything? Did you know that was sure?

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Speaker 3: Okay, I knew how it happened, but I thought it

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Speaker 3: was like presto chaninjo. Now you're you're not whatever Latin

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Speaker 3: name you are, you're a new Latin name.

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Speaker 1: Oh gotcha. So like they just became a completely different

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Speaker 1: animal basically, or a different insect. Yeah, okay, I gotcha. Yeah, No,

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Speaker 1: they're the same thing, they're just configured differently. Yeah, they

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Speaker 1: got wings like a transformer, like they go box to

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Speaker 1: robot with the gun. That's right, you know, But in

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Speaker 1: a much more organic, soupy way, as we'll see you.

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Speaker 1: I love this one, Chuck. Like every kid knows about

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Speaker 1: caterpillars to go look at them in the garden and everything,

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Speaker 1: and they're super cute and weird looking, and you learn

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Speaker 1: the hard way not to touch some of them. But

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Speaker 1: I did not know a lot of this stuff either,

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Speaker 1: and it's endlessly fascinating to me, especially if you step

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Speaker 1: back and think about a life stage where an organism

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Speaker 1: undergoes such a complete transformation that their cells, they break

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Speaker 1: themselves down to their cells and then are rebuilt into

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Speaker 1: a new version. Not that many animals do that, and

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Speaker 1: scientists aren't exactly sure how or even why that evolved.

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Speaker 1: Although why it's kind of teleological, but how that evolved.

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Speaker 1: It's just this really bizarre thing that we're so aware of,

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Speaker 1: we kind of just take for granted until you really

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Speaker 1: stop and think about it. I love caterpillars, I guess,

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Speaker 1: is what I'm trying to say.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, And it was also one of those where I

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Speaker 3: just I kept looking and kept looking. I was like,

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Speaker 3: how has just this been sitting here under our noses

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Speaker 3: all this time? I don't know, because it's right up

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Speaker 3: our Alley to talk about something like cat.

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Speaker 2: No.

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Speaker 1: Yeah. One of the reasons why they are so different

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Speaker 1: and they're configured differently, is that a caterpillar's life it

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Speaker 1: is the larval stage of an adult moth or butterfly.

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Speaker 1: That's probably the best easy definition of a caterpillar. The

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Speaker 1: reason that it's configured differently than its adult form is

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Speaker 1: because in the larval stage, its entire life is pooping, eating, pooping, molting, eating,

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Speaker 1: pooping molting. That's what I saw the caterpillar's life described

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Speaker 1: as over the course of five different molts. As we'll see,

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Speaker 1: that's all it does. That's all it wants to do.

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Speaker 1: It just wants to eat. So it's designed essentially as

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Speaker 1: an eating machine.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, kind of shark like. And as Tracy points out,

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Speaker 3: like it's a very singular purpose. And the same butterfly

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Speaker 3: has a singular purpose later on, which is propagating the species,

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Speaker 3: if you know what I'm saying. But the caterpillar, yeah,

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Speaker 3: it's very shark like.

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Speaker 2: All it does is eat.

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Speaker 3: And store food and poop it out. And they eat

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Speaker 3: so much that apparently they say that they can eat

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Speaker 3: as much as twenty seven times they're body size in

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Speaker 3: their fairly short life. Yeah, and they can end up

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Speaker 3: being about one hundred times bigger at the by the

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Speaker 3: time they go to pupe et, which is when they

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Speaker 3: you know, hole up and turn into the butterfly as

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Speaker 3: when they.

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Speaker 2: Pop out of that little egg that they also eat.

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Speaker 1: That's amazing. And if you want to see something just astounding,

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Speaker 1: go look up a caterpillar egg or butterfly egg. I

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Speaker 1: don't know which one you'd call it, but they look

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Speaker 1: like little have you ever seen vasaline glass Huh? They

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Speaker 1: look like little like ornate vasaline glass vases.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, they're very pretty.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I mean everything about butterflies are just great. Okay,

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Speaker 1: I'm on board with them fully.

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Speaker 3: But yeah, that thing, I mean, it starts eating, It

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Speaker 3: eats its way out of the egg.

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Speaker 2: Then it says, well, I'll just eat the rest of

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Speaker 2: the egg.

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Speaker 3: And you know, I'm gonna I'm gonna go ahead and

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Speaker 3: eat this leaf that the egg is sitting on as well.

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Speaker 2: While I'm at it.

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Speaker 1: Uh huh.

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Speaker 3: And they said, wow, I really like eating. Maybe I

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Speaker 3: should just keep eating for the rest of my life.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, each one suddenly turns into Augustus glop and just

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Speaker 1: keeps going from there.

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Speaker 2: That's exactly right.

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Speaker 1: So I said that at molts. Apparently it molts five

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Speaker 1: different times, and the reason why it molts is because

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Speaker 1: it eats so much it outgrows its skin.

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Speaker 2: It's amazing.

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Speaker 1: It has a mechanism where it releases an enzyme. There's

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Speaker 1: a hormone that says, hey, you're getting a little your

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Speaker 1: clothes are getting a little tight. Maybe it's time to bolt.

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Speaker 1: And so that releases an enzyme that basically dissolves its

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Speaker 1: attachment to the exoskeleton. And then the new, bigger version

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Speaker 1: pops out of the old exoskeleton, walks away, and guess

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Speaker 1: what it does immediately after it starts eating again.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, it tries to outgrow that suit.

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Speaker 1: And it does that five times in its larval stage

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Speaker 1: as a caterpillar.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, these molts are called in stars. Did you say.

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Speaker 1: That that's the period of its life between molts.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, yeah, so five in stars and between molts. Like

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Speaker 3: you said, all it's doing is just eating, trying to

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Speaker 3: get a larger suit size. But here's another cool fact

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Speaker 3: is they believe that not only do caterpillars have a

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Speaker 3: memory that lasts like a molt or two, but they

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Speaker 3: even think there are researchers at Georgetown that have sort

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Speaker 3: of proven that. I'm not how you sort of prove something,

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Speaker 3: but they feel pretty good about the fact that they

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Speaker 3: think that a butterfly remembers being a caterpillar.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, they've done this at least one study that showed

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Speaker 1: that if they trained it to avoid certain smells as

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Speaker 1: one of its last in stars, it will remember that

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Speaker 1: as an adult butterfly, that it will avoid those same smells.

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Speaker 1: That's pretty cool because, as you'll see, what happens in

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Speaker 1: the chrysalis is so mind bending and nuts that the

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Speaker 1: idea that it can remember anything is it's pretty pretty amazing.

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Speaker 3: Oh yeah, for sure, I didn't even consider that. That

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Speaker 3: is really hard to process.

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Speaker 1: So let's talk about the body. Like you said, it

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Speaker 1: has mouth parts very important because it eats, eats, eats,

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Speaker 1: and the rest of its body is essentially a storage

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Speaker 1: facility for that food that it eats and that it

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Speaker 1: breaks down and stores. Essentially is fat. They're very fatty.

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Speaker 2: Yeah.

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Speaker 3: I get the idea that the inner body movement through

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Speaker 3: that body tube never stops. It's just a conveyor belt

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Speaker 3: almost of food coming in and poop leaving.

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Speaker 1: That's my impression too.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, the caterpillar is six legged. If you're like Pho Chuck.

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Speaker 3: I've seen a caterpillar or two in my day, and

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Speaker 3: they have tons of little legs.

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Speaker 2: Those are not real legs.

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Speaker 3: They only have six genuine legs, meaning that they have

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Speaker 3: segments and joints. The rest of those are called pro legs,

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Speaker 3: and there are a lot of those, and they move

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Speaker 3: all up the length of the abdomened the caterpillar, and

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Speaker 3: at the end of those little pro legs they have

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Speaker 3: little suction cups, little hooks. Basically, is it is it

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Speaker 3: a crochette? Do you think I think crochet?

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Speaker 1: I'm going with crochet.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, they're called crouschettes. And the yachts a crack rocket.

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Speaker 3: Isn't that what those really fast motorcycles are called. Sure, okay,

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Speaker 3: I didn't know if that was, you know, a dirty

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Speaker 3: thing to say or not.

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Speaker 1: No, no, that's all over. It's like douchebag. It was

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Speaker 1: it one time, like not very nice, but now everybody

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Speaker 1: says it, so even PG. Thirteen Movies.

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Speaker 3: Oh I thought you meant it was okay to say, yes,

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Speaker 3: you're a real douchebag.

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Speaker 1: Okay, Oh no, no, no, it's not. Still not, but

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Speaker 1: it's not like, you know, a horrid thing to say

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Speaker 1: like it used to.

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Speaker 3: I gotcha because someone called me one the other day

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Speaker 3: in the car and I was like, oh, I thank you.

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Speaker 2: Did they really No? No, they don't have bones, of course,

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Speaker 2: but they do have lots. They're very muscly.

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Speaker 3: If you compare them to a human, we have about

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Speaker 3: six hundred and twenty nine muscles. Caterpillars have four thousand muscles.

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Speaker 3: Because those muscles, that's the way they're moving, you know.

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Speaker 3: They move in a little wave from front to back,

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Speaker 3: front to back. Yes, front to back, back to front,

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Speaker 3: back to front. How did I mess that up?

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Speaker 1: Well, it depends on which the direction they're going.

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Speaker 3: I guess, well, I guess so, And they move in

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Speaker 3: a couple of ways. One of two ways is sometimes

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Speaker 3: they're crawling, which means they're moving all of those pro

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Speaker 3: legs and legs at the same time in sequence. Or

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Speaker 3: they do what it sounds like an inch worm does.

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Speaker 2: Right.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I don't know why they didn't identify them as inchorms,

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Speaker 1: but that's what they're talking about. They can move in

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Speaker 1: little arches where they bring their their front to their

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Speaker 1: back and their back together, making a mound. Out of

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Speaker 1: their middle their abdomen, and then they stretch the front

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Speaker 1: out and they bring the back up and then they

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Speaker 1: stretch the front up. That's what an inch worm does.

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Speaker 1: And that's basically one of two ways. The other way

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Speaker 1: for a caterpillar to move, either as a wave under.

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Speaker 1: There's a lot of like really cool videos of caterpillars

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Speaker 1: moving or inching along.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, and I never looked close enough at an inch

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Speaker 3: worm to figure out why they move that way. And

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Speaker 3: I feel like a dummy now because it seems obvious

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Speaker 3: they move that way because their middle section doesn't have legs, right,

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Speaker 3: it's pretty The front pulls the back because those are

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Speaker 3: where the legs are, and the legs go, let me

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Speaker 3: catch up.

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Speaker 2: It's like a little cute accordion.

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Speaker 1: And it's really neat to see. When you watch a

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Speaker 1: close up of a centipeder, I keep wanting to say centipede,

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Speaker 1: but that's definitely a different animal. Caterpillars pro legs moving

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Speaker 1: as they they attach themselves. Like you said, they have

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Speaker 1: a suction cup. They just attach themselves to like the

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Speaker 1: branch or whatever that they're walking on. And if you

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Speaker 1: watch it and close enough detail, yes, excellent, Chuck, you

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Speaker 1: can really see those suction cups working and it's pretty cool.

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Speaker 2: It's awesome.

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Speaker 3: Most things on a caterpillar are small, obviouslycluding their little eyelets.

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Speaker 3: They have twelve of those are called stemata, and they

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Speaker 3: if you do look closely, though, it's really cool looking.

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Speaker 3: They have their arrange in a semi circle, sort of

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Speaker 3: wrapping around the head.

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Speaker 1: Like what's his name from Reading Rainbow but on Star

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Speaker 1: Trek the next generation.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, LeVar Burton.

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Speaker 3: Like his eyewear, Yes, yeah, that's what I said. It

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Speaker 3: would be on top of his head though, right, like

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Speaker 3: like a headband. I think is it more on the front?

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Speaker 3: I thought it was more on top.

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Speaker 1: I thought it was on the front, but you could

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Speaker 1: be right, it could be on top.

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Speaker 2: It's kind of hard to tell with the caterpillar head

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Speaker 2: right exactly.

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Speaker 1: You don't really know what's what. It's kind of like

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Speaker 1: a studio baker. You can't tell which way it's going,

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Speaker 1: right for our aged listeners love a good STUDI baker, Joe.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, there's one little guys like Damn Skippy.

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Speaker 3: Uh So those stamata they can identify light in darkness,

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Speaker 3: but caterpillars are are basically blind. They're for sure color blind,

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Speaker 3: and they just like I said, they can see sort

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Speaker 3: of light and dark and shadow and stuff like that,

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Speaker 3: but they are not like they're not crawling around seeing things.

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Speaker 3: They're kind of feeling their way around with those antennae

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Speaker 3: that they have. But although those antennae only handle taste

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Speaker 3: and smell, so I don't even know why I said that.

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Speaker 1: So they also breathe in a really interesting way. They

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Speaker 1: breathe through spiracles, which are holes in the side of

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Speaker 1: the caterpillar, and they breathe in oxygen. It goes directly

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Speaker 1: to the trachea, and they breathe out carbon dioxide and

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Speaker 1: as they move, it's kind of like breathing in and

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Speaker 1: breathing out. That's like a byproduct of their movement, and

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Speaker 1: it all goes to that trichia, like I said, and

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Speaker 1: the trachia just diffuses it to the tissue throughout the body.

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Speaker 1: They have blood. It's called hemolymph like most insects blood,

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Speaker 1: but it doesn't it's not used to transport oxygen. It

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Speaker 1: transports things like hormones that trigger molting and things like that,

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Speaker 1: but the oxygen just diffuses throughout the body.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, you know, an inch worm, it is like a

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Speaker 3: little accordion, And if you could figure out how to

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Speaker 3: build and insert a tiny little like wooden reed in

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Speaker 3: each spiracle, that little thing might sound like an accordion

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Speaker 3: as it moved.

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Speaker 2: That'd be pretty neat, kind of cruel to I imagine.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, I mean probably if you're sticking wood in the

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Speaker 1: tiny breathing holes of a caterpillar. I don't think it would.

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Speaker 2: Don't try that.

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Speaker 1: By the way, Chuck, did I tell you that caterpillar

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Speaker 1: is from the old French chateapellos, which means shaggy cat.

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Speaker 3: Oh, like the actor Timothy Chatapellos? Is that you know

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Speaker 3: that's Timothy Shallomey?

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Speaker 1: Sorry, right, Yeah, Timothy. Shaggy cat would be that name.

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Speaker 2: Kind of looks like a shaggy cat.

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Speaker 1: But apparently they think it was the the is it

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Speaker 1: the wooly bully caterpillar that? Yeah, they think that that

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Speaker 1: was the original shaggy cat and it's just kind of

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Speaker 1: caught on from there, But that's where caterpillar comes from.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, And speaking of wily bully, you notice on caterpillars

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Speaker 3: a lot of times those little hairs or little quills

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Speaker 3: or spines those are called Oh man, we've even had

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Speaker 3: scientists tell us how to pronounce that ae.

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Speaker 2: Is it? Stay?

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Speaker 1: That's what I think it is.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, it's either that or we've been getting it wrong.

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Speaker 2: I can't remember.

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Speaker 3: But everyone is like in science guys, anytimes it's AE,

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Speaker 3: you pronounce the blank and I can't remember which one

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Speaker 3: it is. Oh, it's either set or SETAE. And now

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Speaker 3: we're gonna get more emails. And maybe I should just

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Speaker 3: put a sticky note on my laptop so i'll always

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Speaker 3: remember that. But that's what they're called, and they have

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Speaker 3: a lot of functions. They can deter things that want

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Speaker 3: to eat caterpillars because a lot of times these things

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Speaker 3: carry little irritants and toxins. And you just put a

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Speaker 3: pin in that for our very final segment at the end.

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Speaker 3: But like you said, yeah, but you can get, you know,

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Speaker 3: little little irritated bumps sometimes if you handle the wrong caterpillar.

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Speaker 1: Oh yeah, and you shouldn't handle a category get much

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Speaker 1: worse than that too. Yeah, if you've ever touched the caterpillar,

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Speaker 1: That's why I was referring too earlier, Like as a kid,

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Speaker 1: I remember touching one and just being like, oh my god,

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Speaker 1: what what just happened? And it hurt very badly, I

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Speaker 1: remember distinctly, but I still love caterpillars after that.

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Speaker 3: I remember there was one kind and someone will know

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Speaker 3: what kind ofness is, but I think it was sort

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Speaker 3: of yellow and black, and we would, you know, put

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Speaker 3: our finger on the ground and the caterpillar would crawl

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Speaker 3: up our hand and then we would like get a

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Speaker 3: leaf and have it crawl off. So I don't think

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Speaker 3: we harmed the caterpillar. We were just sitting it kind

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Speaker 3: of crawl on us for a minute. But and I

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Speaker 3: wasn't touching the spine, so I never got that irritation.

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Speaker 3: But I used to love doing that, and I just

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Speaker 3: thought that was so cool that they I guess now

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Speaker 3: knowing that they're blind, that there's like crawling on a stick,

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Speaker 3: and it's like, now I'm crawling on a finger.

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Speaker 1: Right, Yeah that's cute.

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Speaker 2: But yeah, you wouldn't stick like kid fingers.

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Speaker 1: You wouldn't have been touching the hair like structures, so

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Speaker 1: it wouldn't have stung you. It's not like I don't

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Speaker 1: think it's an active process. I think it's a passive

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Speaker 1: thing where you just touch it and they're not like

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Speaker 1: die die die. It's just like, right, you just touched

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Speaker 1: it and it did its Thingah.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, I get the feeling.

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Speaker 3: The caterpillars even like, sorry, man, and you know it

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Speaker 3: shouldn't touch me, but sorry.

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Speaker 1: Most caterpillars seem rather chill, but not all of them are.

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Speaker 1: I was not happy to find this out. I find

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Speaker 1: this rather unpleasant. But there's some species of caterpillars in

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Speaker 1: Hawaii that are actually carnivores. Far and away, most species

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Speaker 1: of caterpillars, and hence butterflies are are herbivores. They just

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Speaker 1: eat leaves, That's what they do. They eat leaves and shoots. Wait,

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Speaker 1: eat shoots and leaves. So there's the ones in Hawaii, though,

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Speaker 1: they'll eat snails. And not only do they eat snails,

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Speaker 1: it's really awful. They tie the snails to, say, like

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Speaker 1: a twig or a leaf or something, using spinnerets. They

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Speaker 1: have silk producing organs, and they'll tie the snail, the

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Speaker 1: whole shell and all to like a twig so the

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Speaker 1: snail can't get away, and then they climb into the

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Speaker 1: shell and eat the snail alive.

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Speaker 2: It is horrifying.

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Speaker 1: I don't like that particular kind of caterpillar, but I

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Speaker 1: like all the rest.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, they tie it down and eat it.

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Speaker 1: So awful. Imagine it just coming into your house too,

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Speaker 1: and you're like, please know, and you have no escape.

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Speaker 1: And that's that.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, it was pretty horrifying to read that and frankly disappointing.

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Speaker 3: But there's also a brand, a brand in Australia brand Hey.

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Speaker 3: They lay their eggs and ant hills and when they

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Speaker 3: come out, they will eat those ants. But aside from that,

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Speaker 3: in the Hawaiian they, like you said, are strictly herbivores

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Speaker 3: and they are using those leaves also to camouflage themselves.

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Speaker 3: They have a lot of great mechanisms to keep this

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Speaker 3: not quite octopus level, but they seem like they're you know,

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Speaker 3: I don't know if it's wrong to use words smart,

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Speaker 3: but they know to feed under leaves so birds can't

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Speaker 3: see them. They also have some natural camouflage, like sometimes

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Speaker 3: those eyes can look like the fake eyes can look

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Speaker 3: like snakes.

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Speaker 1: Did you see that one?

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Speaker 2: Yeah, it looks like a snake.

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Speaker 1: Yeah, it looks like a bright green snake. And apparently

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Speaker 1: they'll arrange themselves sometimes to make it look like a

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Speaker 1: long snake, Like three hundred caterpillars will get together and

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Speaker 1: line up and it's like Wow, there's a snake. No,

401
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Speaker 1: it's a line of caterpillars.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, like a lot of them are solitary caterpillars, but

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Speaker 3: there is what was the one in particular that traveling.

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Speaker 1: Groups gregarious caterpillars.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, I get the feeling. Those are the ones that

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Speaker 3: might do the old snake one too.

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Speaker 1: Yes, I think those are swallow tails and they might

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Speaker 1: be gregarious. Yeah. So I say we take a break, Chuck,

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Speaker 1: and then we'll come back, and I propose that we

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Speaker 1: talked more about caterpillars.

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Speaker 2: Let's do it.

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Speaker 1: Softly jaw. Okay, So you mentioned a couple of things

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Speaker 1: that they do to protect themselves, camouflage, just eating a

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Speaker 1: little bit on the underside of a leaf. There's a

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Speaker 1: lot of other things that they can do too. There's

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Speaker 1: there's so many different species of caterpillar because again we're

417
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Speaker 1: talking about moths and butterflies, they're not just all the

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Speaker 1: same thing. That they've developed all sorts of really interesting

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Speaker 1: means of defense. One of the ways they say the

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Speaker 1: best defense is shooting your poop out, and there's a

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Speaker 1: type of caterpillar that does that. I think it's the

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Speaker 1: it's the silver spotted skipper and skipper is basically a

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Speaker 1: type of butterfly, and it shoots its waist called frast

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Speaker 1: it's poop as far as five feet from itself in

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Speaker 1: order to keep predators from being able to track it

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Speaker 1: back to its source.

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Speaker 3: That explains that old saying, you ain't nothing but caterpillar frass.

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Speaker 2: M I never knew what they mean.

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Speaker 1: You're really good at jumping, that's what they say to you.

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Speaker 3: Yeah, and that's one of the things they do, like

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Speaker 3: several other things, which is it all sort of falls

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Speaker 3: to the umbrella of I don't want anyone to know

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Speaker 3: I'm like even here, So a poop will be a

434
00:22:31,680 --> 00:22:32,639
Speaker 3: big giveaway obviously.

435
00:22:32,760 --> 00:22:35,120
Speaker 2: Another as if, like they love to eat.

436
00:22:35,200 --> 00:22:38,720
Speaker 3: If if a predator sees a ton of chewed up

437
00:22:38,800 --> 00:22:41,800
Speaker 3: leaves everywhere, they're gonna be like, ooh, the caterpillars nearby.

438
00:22:41,840 --> 00:22:44,240
Speaker 3: I love to eat those things. So as much as

439
00:22:44,280 --> 00:22:47,640
Speaker 3: those caterpillars love to eat, it is their singular purpose

440
00:22:47,640 --> 00:22:51,679
Speaker 3: in life. They will many times just eat little bits

441
00:22:52,160 --> 00:22:55,679
Speaker 3: off of many, many leaves to kind of disguise the fact, like,

442
00:22:55,680 --> 00:22:58,400
Speaker 3: no caterpillar here. There's just a few nibbles here and there,

443
00:22:58,520 --> 00:23:01,359
Speaker 3: yeah leaf rather than just yeah, rather than just like

444
00:23:01,400 --> 00:23:04,280
Speaker 3: taking a leaf down to its spine.

445
00:23:04,400 --> 00:23:07,159
Speaker 1: Yeah, which any even the dumbest of birds can be Like,

446
00:23:07,200 --> 00:23:08,920
Speaker 1: there's a caterpillar around here.

447
00:23:09,080 --> 00:23:10,719
Speaker 2: And you know they want to do that, but they

448
00:23:10,840 --> 00:23:11,560
Speaker 2: still don't do it.

449
00:23:11,640 --> 00:23:16,720
Speaker 1: I know. Caterpillars have tremendous self control, you doo. We

450
00:23:16,840 --> 00:23:19,439
Speaker 1: mentioned that they have spinnerets so that they can spin silk,

451
00:23:19,480 --> 00:23:21,560
Speaker 1: and they use it to great effect in all sorts

452
00:23:21,600 --> 00:23:28,000
Speaker 1: of different ways, including defense. Apparently some kinds of caterpillars

453
00:23:28,040 --> 00:23:31,040
Speaker 1: will like spin a little thing of silk that they'll

454
00:23:31,040 --> 00:23:33,640
Speaker 1: attach to the leaf they're on, and when a predator comes,

455
00:23:33,680 --> 00:23:37,040
Speaker 1: they just jump off, basically like John McClean and die Hard,

456
00:23:37,560 --> 00:23:40,240
Speaker 1: and they're attached to the silk, so they swing into

457
00:23:40,800 --> 00:23:43,640
Speaker 1: you know, a window in the Knokotomi building and then

458
00:23:43,640 --> 00:23:45,760
Speaker 1: climb back up when the bird goes away. But they

459
00:23:45,840 --> 00:23:49,040
Speaker 1: just jump off the leaf to get away. I'll bet

460
00:23:49,040 --> 00:23:50,560
Speaker 1: that's pretty neat to see.

461
00:23:50,440 --> 00:23:53,880
Speaker 2: That's right. And to combat jet lag, they make fists

462
00:23:53,920 --> 00:23:54,440
Speaker 2: with their toes.

463
00:23:54,640 --> 00:23:56,040
Speaker 1: Yeah, what do you know.

464
00:23:56,359 --> 00:23:58,520
Speaker 3: I wonder if they leap. I'd like to see that

465
00:23:58,640 --> 00:24:00,760
Speaker 3: in slow motion. I wonder if all of those legs

466
00:24:00,760 --> 00:24:04,280
Speaker 3: and pro legs at once do that in concert that

467
00:24:04,280 --> 00:24:05,040
Speaker 3: would be pretty cool.

468
00:24:05,119 --> 00:24:07,320
Speaker 1: Or if they inch, they just shoot themselves up. They

469
00:24:07,320 --> 00:24:10,120
Speaker 1: inch so quickly that shoots them right off of the leaf.

470
00:24:10,840 --> 00:24:12,240
Speaker 2: Yeah.

471
00:24:12,280 --> 00:24:14,840
Speaker 3: So yeah, that's one use of the silk is like

472
00:24:14,960 --> 00:24:20,159
Speaker 3: literal climbing rope. And like we said, like the solo caterpillar,

473
00:24:20,440 --> 00:24:23,080
Speaker 3: which is many of the I want to say, brands,

474
00:24:23,240 --> 00:24:26,520
Speaker 3: what a dummy varieties species.

475
00:24:26,560 --> 00:24:26,959
Speaker 2: Here you go.

476
00:24:28,440 --> 00:24:31,119
Speaker 3: You know, there's going around, they're eating, they're they're laying

477
00:24:31,119 --> 00:24:35,280
Speaker 3: an egg. They're using the silk as as like a lasso.

478
00:24:35,400 --> 00:24:38,320
Speaker 3: Or maybe they might make a little nest. Like we

479
00:24:38,359 --> 00:24:41,959
Speaker 3: said earlier, maybe they might restrain that that snail. But

480
00:24:42,000 --> 00:24:45,200
Speaker 3: those gregarious kinds that live in big groups, they really

481
00:24:45,280 --> 00:24:49,120
Speaker 3: get going with the silk production. They make big nests

482
00:24:49,880 --> 00:24:51,520
Speaker 3: in trees and around tree trunks.

483
00:24:51,760 --> 00:24:53,119
Speaker 1: You've probably seen them before.

484
00:24:53,400 --> 00:24:54,800
Speaker 2: Oh yeah, they're like big tents.

485
00:24:54,840 --> 00:24:58,080
Speaker 3: Basically, if you've seen big you know, it looks like

486
00:24:59,440 --> 00:25:02,040
Speaker 3: sort of a real dense spider web. I guess sometimes

487
00:25:02,040 --> 00:25:03,159
Speaker 3: those are spiders, right.

488
00:25:03,440 --> 00:25:05,600
Speaker 1: Yeah, there's some kinds of spiders that do that, but

489
00:25:05,640 --> 00:25:07,879
Speaker 1: I think probably more often than not what you're seeing

490
00:25:07,960 --> 00:25:10,160
Speaker 1: or gregarious caterpillars getting together.

491
00:25:10,760 --> 00:25:15,879
Speaker 3: Yeah, but they also use their little spinnerets as like

492
00:25:15,920 --> 00:25:18,440
Speaker 3: a trail, like, hey, we're all going this way and

493
00:25:18,480 --> 00:25:21,000
Speaker 3: we're gonna lay this little trail and we know that.

494
00:25:21,080 --> 00:25:22,280
Speaker 3: You know, if you want to get home, this is

495
00:25:22,320 --> 00:25:22,920
Speaker 3: how you get home.

496
00:25:23,080 --> 00:25:26,520
Speaker 1: What's neat is those trails are often intergenerational and so

497
00:25:26,880 --> 00:25:31,520
Speaker 1: like an older generation will leave there that that silk

498
00:25:31,600 --> 00:25:34,240
Speaker 1: for the next generation to use, and that next generation

499
00:25:34,359 --> 00:25:36,919
Speaker 1: then can grow bigger and stronger because they didn't have

500
00:25:36,960 --> 00:25:40,119
Speaker 1: to use that energy to create the silk for that

501
00:25:40,119 --> 00:25:42,920
Speaker 1: that leads to the to the food source. I thought

502
00:25:42,960 --> 00:25:43,840
Speaker 1: that was pretty nice.

503
00:25:44,320 --> 00:25:48,919
Speaker 2: Yeah, like handy down silk, Yeah exactly, or like you

504
00:25:48,960 --> 00:25:50,800
Speaker 2: know link of rope that grandpa gave.

505
00:25:50,680 --> 00:25:54,359
Speaker 1: You, Yeah, same thing, hand me down silk, length of

506
00:25:54,480 --> 00:25:55,280
Speaker 1: rope from grandpa.

507
00:25:56,040 --> 00:25:56,520
Speaker 4: What else?

508
00:25:57,520 --> 00:26:00,360
Speaker 1: There's another thing too that we haven't quite figured it out,

509
00:26:00,359 --> 00:26:03,000
Speaker 1: and we I mean the entomology world, and by we

510
00:26:03,240 --> 00:26:08,399
Speaker 1: also mean them that it may or may not be

511
00:26:08,560 --> 00:26:12,040
Speaker 1: advantageous to live in a gregarious community as opposed to

512
00:26:12,119 --> 00:26:16,680
Speaker 1: being solitary. Because yes, it's easier to build a big

513
00:26:16,720 --> 00:26:18,800
Speaker 1: shelter for yourself if you have a bunch of other

514
00:26:18,840 --> 00:26:22,359
Speaker 1: friends helping you. It's easier to find food if you

515
00:26:22,400 --> 00:26:24,480
Speaker 1: have other people looking at the same time you are

516
00:26:24,520 --> 00:26:27,280
Speaker 1: and then telling you what they found. But at the

517
00:26:27,280 --> 00:26:30,760
Speaker 1: same time you're also competing with those same people or

518
00:26:30,760 --> 00:26:33,000
Speaker 1: those same caterpillars. I should say, yeah, and that's a

519
00:26:33,000 --> 00:26:35,359
Speaker 1: big that can be a big problem too. I like it.

520
00:26:35,400 --> 00:26:39,359
Speaker 3: Caterpillars are people too, exactly, and if there's a disease,

521
00:26:39,400 --> 00:26:42,720
Speaker 3: you know it's gonna spread pretty readily within that population

522
00:26:43,520 --> 00:26:46,439
Speaker 3: if they're all living together. But I think you know,

523
00:26:46,480 --> 00:26:48,400
Speaker 3: we've held off long enough. We should we should talk

524
00:26:48,400 --> 00:26:53,000
Speaker 3: about that metamorphosis, which is what everyone wants to know about,

525
00:26:53,480 --> 00:26:56,280
Speaker 3: and that is basically a caterpillar is doing its thing.

526
00:26:56,640 --> 00:26:59,760
Speaker 3: It's going through those molts. It's that fifth molt, and

527
00:26:59,800 --> 00:27:03,159
Speaker 3: they say, you know what, it's been great, But I

528
00:27:03,160 --> 00:27:05,720
Speaker 3: think I'm tired of eating. Finally, m I'm gonna go

529
00:27:05,800 --> 00:27:08,560
Speaker 3: off and wander off into the woods and find a

530
00:27:08,600 --> 00:27:12,640
Speaker 3: safe spot and I'm going to pupeate everybody, and when

531
00:27:12,680 --> 00:27:16,160
Speaker 3: you see me again, I will be the most beautiful

532
00:27:16,200 --> 00:27:16,920
Speaker 3: thing you've ever seen.

533
00:27:17,040 --> 00:27:21,440
Speaker 1: Yeah, pretty neat. And this is where the terminology gets

534
00:27:21,480 --> 00:27:25,200
Speaker 1: really confusing. If you do any research on.

535
00:27:25,160 --> 00:27:27,120
Speaker 2: This, yeah, I can for sure.

536
00:27:27,240 --> 00:27:31,479
Speaker 1: So the pupa is often referred to as the form

537
00:27:31,560 --> 00:27:38,560
Speaker 1: the body form that the centipede that the caterpillar is

538
00:27:38,640 --> 00:27:44,080
Speaker 1: in as it enters the transformation. Right, Yes, it's actually

539
00:27:44,119 --> 00:27:47,480
Speaker 1: the life stage, like the caterpillar is the larval life stage,

540
00:27:47,720 --> 00:27:50,360
Speaker 1: the butterfly or the moth is the adult. The pupa

541
00:27:50,480 --> 00:27:53,280
Speaker 1: is the life stage in between. But for all intents

542
00:27:53,320 --> 00:27:56,480
Speaker 1: and purposes, you can also say that's a butterfly pupa,

543
00:27:56,520 --> 00:28:01,960
Speaker 1: although or that's a moth pupa. Right, that's the easiest,

544
00:28:01,960 --> 00:28:04,440
Speaker 1: most understandable part of it. It starts to get really

545
00:28:04,440 --> 00:28:09,280
Speaker 1: strange from there because the butterfly caterpillar when it emerges

546
00:28:09,320 --> 00:28:12,080
Speaker 1: from that fifth mold, it has a special kind of

547
00:28:12,520 --> 00:28:16,879
Speaker 1: skin on it, and over time, when it turns upside

548
00:28:16,920 --> 00:28:19,960
Speaker 1: down and hangs from a leaf and begins its transformation,

549
00:28:20,280 --> 00:28:23,639
Speaker 1: that skin hardens and it forms basically the protective layer

550
00:28:23,880 --> 00:28:27,840
Speaker 1: that's going to protect that caterpillar turned butterfly as it

551
00:28:27,960 --> 00:28:32,240
Speaker 1: undergoes its transformation, and that's called the crystalis But just

552
00:28:32,400 --> 00:28:35,360
Speaker 1: butterfly caterpillars do that, right, not moths.

553
00:28:36,640 --> 00:28:38,600
Speaker 2: I think that's right.

554
00:28:38,720 --> 00:28:41,800
Speaker 1: And then I think it's just moths because they don't

555
00:28:41,800 --> 00:28:46,080
Speaker 1: form chrysalis or crysalie. They are the only ones to

556
00:28:46,120 --> 00:28:48,120
Speaker 1: spin a cocoon to protect themselves.

557
00:28:48,200 --> 00:28:51,400
Speaker 3: Correct, right, and that cocoon starts talk kind of soft,

558
00:28:51,400 --> 00:28:54,880
Speaker 3: but that eventually hardens as well. But I think that's right.

559
00:28:56,280 --> 00:29:00,760
Speaker 3: But the chrysalis itself is not some like shell they

560
00:29:00,760 --> 00:29:01,400
Speaker 3: build like it.

561
00:29:01,640 --> 00:29:03,080
Speaker 2: It is. It is the thing.

562
00:29:03,240 --> 00:29:04,920
Speaker 1: Yeah, it's the outer layer of skin.

563
00:29:05,640 --> 00:29:08,880
Speaker 3: Okay, yeah, because it can actually twitch and move as

564
00:29:08,920 --> 00:29:12,960
Speaker 3: a defense. Yeah, like it's it's a thinking sentient, well

565
00:29:13,000 --> 00:29:16,080
Speaker 3: not thinking necessarily, but it is a shell that is

566
00:29:16,400 --> 00:29:18,640
Speaker 3: a living thing. It's not like let me build this,

567
00:29:19,240 --> 00:29:22,320
Speaker 3: you know, this thing to get into. It is the

568
00:29:22,320 --> 00:29:23,200
Speaker 3: thing that it is in.

569
00:29:23,320 --> 00:29:26,880
Speaker 1: Right, So imagine if you underwent this transformation, you probably

570
00:29:26,920 --> 00:29:29,720
Speaker 1: go off into a corner and kind of ball up,

571
00:29:29,880 --> 00:29:32,080
Speaker 1: maybe in a bit of a fetal position. But then

572
00:29:32,160 --> 00:29:35,240
Speaker 1: imagine as part of this process, all of your skin

573
00:29:35,360 --> 00:29:39,720
Speaker 1: fused together and turned into like an outer shell rather

574
00:29:39,840 --> 00:29:43,280
Speaker 1: than you know this this you know, this thing covering you.

575
00:29:43,360 --> 00:29:46,160
Speaker 1: It's it's like this now this big ball that you're

576
00:29:46,240 --> 00:29:49,600
Speaker 1: now kind of separated from inside and you're doing your

577
00:29:49,600 --> 00:29:52,680
Speaker 1: thing inside. That's kind of like what the chrysalis is like.

578
00:29:53,520 --> 00:29:56,800
Speaker 3: Yeah, And so we mentioned the silk, like the uses

579
00:29:56,840 --> 00:29:57,720
Speaker 3: as like a climbing rope.

580
00:29:57,760 --> 00:29:59,240
Speaker 2: And stuff like that, and to build little nests.

581
00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:03,400
Speaker 3: It really comes in handy when it's time to pupate

582
00:30:04,120 --> 00:30:06,720
Speaker 3: because they use this silk in a variety of ways.

583
00:30:06,520 --> 00:30:08,520
Speaker 3: There's more than one way to skin a cat, and

584
00:30:08,560 --> 00:30:12,720
Speaker 3: there's more than one way for a caterpillar to metamorphosize. Sometimes,

585
00:30:12,720 --> 00:30:14,560
Speaker 3: like you said, they hang upside down from that leaf,

586
00:30:14,960 --> 00:30:18,400
Speaker 3: so they've spun like a little silk pad that attaches

587
00:30:18,480 --> 00:30:22,440
Speaker 3: to something. Sometimes they create like a little hammock. Sometimes

588
00:30:22,480 --> 00:30:25,800
Speaker 3: they make like a little sling in concert with a stick.

589
00:30:26,520 --> 00:30:28,320
Speaker 3: There are different ways that they can do this, but

590
00:30:28,480 --> 00:30:31,959
Speaker 3: it always involves using silk to sort of stabilize itself,

591
00:30:32,000 --> 00:30:34,760
Speaker 3: either upside down or right side up or sideways or whatever. Right,

592
00:30:35,360 --> 00:30:38,480
Speaker 3: and then they start to do that thing, whether it's

593
00:30:38,480 --> 00:30:42,600
Speaker 3: a moth spinning that cocoon or just the gradual transformation

594
00:30:42,960 --> 00:30:45,240
Speaker 3: of caterpillar into chrysalis.

595
00:30:45,720 --> 00:30:48,600
Speaker 1: Right. And then so once that happens, once the cocoon

596
00:30:48,760 --> 00:30:54,440
Speaker 1: is full or the crysalis is hardened, this and one

597
00:30:54,480 --> 00:30:57,720
Speaker 1: of the most amazing things that on Earth happens in there.

598
00:30:58,000 --> 00:31:00,600
Speaker 1: And it's neat because we've gotten to the point where

599
00:31:00,600 --> 00:31:05,200
Speaker 1: we have photography that can peer inside of this without

600
00:31:05,200 --> 00:31:09,840
Speaker 1: harming the caterpillar, and they have like time lapse videos

601
00:31:09,880 --> 00:31:12,960
Speaker 1: of this transformation. And as the thing turns more and

602
00:31:13,040 --> 00:31:16,760
Speaker 1: more into what's obviously like a butterfly or moth, and

603
00:31:16,800 --> 00:31:21,479
Speaker 1: you see it hanging upside down just forming it. It

604
00:31:21,520 --> 00:31:27,040
Speaker 1: looks like a cross between an hr Geiger painting and

605
00:31:27,720 --> 00:31:32,840
Speaker 1: Michael Crichton's Coma, the movie version. It's really neat, but

606
00:31:32,880 --> 00:31:35,400
Speaker 1: it also gives you this. It has this kind of

607
00:31:35,440 --> 00:31:39,600
Speaker 1: regal and majestic feel to it as well. I produced

608
00:31:39,600 --> 00:31:41,240
Speaker 1: a lot of emotions in me apparently.

609
00:31:42,040 --> 00:31:43,160
Speaker 2: Yeah, I mean it's.

610
00:31:45,360 --> 00:31:48,440
Speaker 3: This isn't the science y explanation, but it's almost as

611
00:31:48,520 --> 00:31:53,320
Speaker 3: if you can take a tray of put a bunch

612
00:31:53,360 --> 00:31:57,000
Speaker 3: of spaghetti and meatballs in a dish and cover it

613
00:31:57,080 --> 00:32:01,360
Speaker 3: up and then when you open it up it's a lasagna. Yeah,

614
00:32:01,400 --> 00:32:03,000
Speaker 3: and you're like, how did that happen?

615
00:32:03,160 --> 00:32:05,520
Speaker 2: Like how did that even happen?

616
00:32:05,760 --> 00:32:10,040
Speaker 1: So this is how it happens. The caterpillar breaks itself

617
00:32:10,080 --> 00:32:15,120
Speaker 1: down into a soup of cells, like it's basically like

618
00:32:15,160 --> 00:32:17,920
Speaker 1: a caterpillar soup for a while, and some of the

619
00:32:18,040 --> 00:32:22,640
Speaker 1: cells keep their form generally, or at least stay attached

620
00:32:22,680 --> 00:32:26,440
Speaker 1: to one another. So those leg cells, yeah, they change.

621
00:32:26,560 --> 00:32:29,800
Speaker 1: They look different, like a caterpillar's actual true legs look

622
00:32:29,840 --> 00:32:32,040
Speaker 1: different from the butterfly's true legs, but they're still the

623
00:32:32,040 --> 00:32:35,280
Speaker 1: same cells. They're just they rearrange themselves a little bit.

624
00:32:36,040 --> 00:32:40,000
Speaker 1: Most of the other cells just completely come apart, turn

625
00:32:40,080 --> 00:32:43,880
Speaker 1: into imaginal cells, which are analogous to our stem cells,

626
00:32:44,360 --> 00:32:46,360
Speaker 1: and that they can turn into any kind of cell.

627
00:32:46,760 --> 00:32:51,360
Speaker 1: And then it reconfigures itself using the same cells, same amount,

628
00:32:51,480 --> 00:32:57,240
Speaker 1: same everything into a butterfly. It reconfigures itself over the

629
00:32:57,280 --> 00:32:58,560
Speaker 1: course of about two weeks.

630
00:32:59,480 --> 00:33:03,400
Speaker 3: It's un Yeah, it really is, Like my brain breaks

631
00:33:03,880 --> 00:33:05,760
Speaker 3: every time I try to make sense, especially when you

632
00:33:05,760 --> 00:33:08,200
Speaker 3: see what comes out, you know, And I mean if

633
00:33:08,240 --> 00:33:11,840
Speaker 3: it came out looking like a dung beetle like that

634
00:33:11,880 --> 00:33:14,640
Speaker 3: would still be awesome. But to come out looking like

635
00:33:14,640 --> 00:33:17,760
Speaker 3: a butterfly with those iridescent wings, yeah, and the little

636
00:33:17,760 --> 00:33:20,440
Speaker 3: faces on those wings, it's just unbelievable. And I guess

637
00:33:21,120 --> 00:33:24,520
Speaker 3: I mean, evolutionarily speaking, this is all to eventually get

638
00:33:24,560 --> 00:33:25,680
Speaker 3: to like a pollinator.

639
00:33:26,720 --> 00:33:29,360
Speaker 1: I don't understand it. This is where I think they

640
00:33:29,480 --> 00:33:32,440
Speaker 1: that science has kind of thrown off. They're like, the

641
00:33:32,440 --> 00:33:35,479
Speaker 1: best explanation I saw is that it's better than having

642
00:33:36,840 --> 00:33:40,160
Speaker 1: two things compete for the same food source, but that

643
00:33:40,160 --> 00:33:43,959
Speaker 1: that doesn't really make any sense, you know, because that

644
00:33:44,000 --> 00:33:46,080
Speaker 1: doesn't make any sense to me at all. I don't

645
00:33:46,160 --> 00:33:48,560
Speaker 1: understand that. But that was the best explanation I saw,

646
00:33:48,600 --> 00:33:49,920
Speaker 1: and I didn't even understand it.

647
00:33:50,000 --> 00:33:53,680
Speaker 2: So as to the why, yeah, yeah, Like.

648
00:33:53,800 --> 00:33:58,640
Speaker 1: It's just so strange. It's I just don't understand it.

649
00:33:58,800 --> 00:34:02,200
Speaker 1: And everything goes through life like stages. We go through puberty,

650
00:34:02,520 --> 00:34:07,200
Speaker 1: we become adults, we go from infant babies to grown adults.

651
00:34:07,520 --> 00:34:10,680
Speaker 1: But there's not a period where we stop and over

652
00:34:10,719 --> 00:34:13,960
Speaker 1: the course of two weeks to completely reconfigure ourselves into

653
00:34:14,000 --> 00:34:16,520
Speaker 1: a new form. There's not that many things out there

654
00:34:16,520 --> 00:34:19,640
Speaker 1: that do do that, and we just don't fully understand

655
00:34:19,680 --> 00:34:22,239
Speaker 1: why it happens, and maybe we never will, and I

656
00:34:22,280 --> 00:34:23,800
Speaker 1: think that'd be just fine.

657
00:34:24,160 --> 00:34:26,640
Speaker 3: Although I would argue that the Josh Clark I knew

658
00:34:27,040 --> 00:34:30,359
Speaker 3: fifteen years ago his caterpillar like has now emerged as

659
00:34:30,400 --> 00:34:31,680
Speaker 3: a beautiful butterfly.

660
00:34:31,440 --> 00:34:36,879
Speaker 1: Thank you. I remember reading when Christopher Hitchins became a conservative,

661
00:34:37,520 --> 00:34:40,920
Speaker 1: one of the Liberal members of parliament said that this

662
00:34:41,000 --> 00:34:43,320
Speaker 1: is one of the rare instances where the butterfly turns

663
00:34:43,320 --> 00:34:46,480
Speaker 1: back on lug Oh no, yeah.

664
00:34:46,520 --> 00:34:48,080
Speaker 2: Wow, I'd like to hear what that exit.

665
00:34:48,400 --> 00:34:50,040
Speaker 1: I think I read that in two thousand and seven

666
00:34:50,080 --> 00:34:51,279
Speaker 1: and it still stuck with me.

667
00:34:51,719 --> 00:34:54,359
Speaker 2: Yeah, that's a good one. We didn't take our second break,

668
00:34:54,360 --> 00:34:54,640
Speaker 2: did we.

669
00:34:54,840 --> 00:34:55,520
Speaker 1: Nope, it's time.

670
00:34:55,640 --> 00:34:57,360
Speaker 2: All right, Well let's take our second break.

671
00:34:57,600 --> 00:35:00,480
Speaker 3: We'll probably still be talking about this metamorphosis, you know,

672
00:35:00,560 --> 00:35:01,839
Speaker 3: when we come back, So just be.

673
00:35:01,840 --> 00:35:14,880
Speaker 4: Prepared softly, jaws.

674
00:35:18,640 --> 00:35:24,200
Speaker 2: Soft all right.

675
00:35:24,960 --> 00:35:28,480
Speaker 3: I mean, I guess we're done talking about metamorphosis. It's

676
00:35:28,520 --> 00:35:33,680
Speaker 3: called holo metabolism. Yeah, that full transformation. And I don't

677
00:35:33,760 --> 00:35:36,120
Speaker 3: think he said it takes a couple of weeks generally.

678
00:35:36,239 --> 00:35:39,520
Speaker 1: Yeah, I saw about two weeks something like that on average.

679
00:35:39,640 --> 00:35:41,479
Speaker 1: It can be more or less depending on the weather

680
00:35:41,560 --> 00:35:41,960
Speaker 1: and stuff.

681
00:35:42,200 --> 00:35:44,600
Speaker 3: Yeah, and I took it as depending on the weather.

682
00:35:44,760 --> 00:35:46,840
Speaker 3: Meaning is that they don't want to do this in

683
00:35:46,920 --> 00:35:50,080
Speaker 3: the middle of winter. So if they get started and

684
00:35:50,239 --> 00:35:53,200
Speaker 3: like winter comes early, maybe it'll they'll just stay in

685
00:35:53,280 --> 00:35:53,960
Speaker 3: there for a few months.

686
00:35:54,000 --> 00:35:56,359
Speaker 1: Is that right? There are some species that over winter

687
00:35:56,719 --> 00:36:00,200
Speaker 1: in their cocoon or in their chrysalis, and that's part

688
00:36:00,239 --> 00:36:02,239
Speaker 1: of their thing. But I saw that there's that the

689
00:36:02,400 --> 00:36:04,800
Speaker 1: ideal there's an ideal temperature. That's what I took it

690
00:36:04,880 --> 00:36:07,200
Speaker 1: to mean, oh, okay, and that the ideal temperature is

691
00:36:07,239 --> 00:36:10,240
Speaker 1: twenty one degrees celsius. And get this, buddy, I converted

692
00:36:10,280 --> 00:36:13,040
Speaker 1: to farent height. You s we talked about the other day.

693
00:36:13,120 --> 00:36:13,920
Speaker 2: So you did it yourself.

694
00:36:14,480 --> 00:36:17,480
Speaker 1: Yeah, it's like, uh, I love it down. I could

695
00:36:17,520 --> 00:36:19,239
Speaker 1: do it again if I wanted to. But I'm just

696
00:36:19,320 --> 00:36:20,960
Speaker 1: gonna find what I wrote down. I think it's like

697
00:36:21,040 --> 00:36:22,879
Speaker 1: eighty eight eighty nine degrees.

698
00:36:22,880 --> 00:36:27,040
Speaker 3: Fahrenheits all right, I love it when after all these

699
00:36:27,120 --> 00:36:29,759
Speaker 3: eighty one it's eighty one, you're still brave enough to

700
00:36:29,760 --> 00:36:31,040
Speaker 3: put yourself out there with math.

701
00:36:31,400 --> 00:36:33,919
Speaker 1: Here, I'll just do this, okay. So here we find

702
00:36:34,000 --> 00:36:37,000
Speaker 1: fahrenheit from twenty one degree celsius. So it's twenty one

703
00:36:37,400 --> 00:36:40,919
Speaker 1: plus thirty two. Okay, we're getting everything back equal again.

704
00:36:41,200 --> 00:36:45,040
Speaker 1: So what is that fifty six times one point eight

705
00:36:45,239 --> 00:36:46,960
Speaker 1: I believe comes to eighty one.

706
00:36:48,160 --> 00:36:52,560
Speaker 3: When was the last time you did sort of written

707
00:36:52,640 --> 00:36:54,719
Speaker 3: down long division or something like that.

708
00:36:55,800 --> 00:36:57,359
Speaker 1: Oh it's been a long time. By the way, it's

709
00:36:57,400 --> 00:36:58,200
Speaker 1: eighty four point.

710
00:36:58,040 --> 00:37:00,600
Speaker 2: Six eighty four point six. Can you still do that stuff?

711
00:37:02,160 --> 00:37:05,160
Speaker 1: I don't know. Probably if I gave enough time to it. Sure,

712
00:37:05,480 --> 00:37:07,840
Speaker 1: I just did just it's not a part of my life.

713
00:37:08,320 --> 00:37:09,120
Speaker 1: Yeah anymore.

714
00:37:09,440 --> 00:37:11,800
Speaker 3: I actually don't know if I remember how to do

715
00:37:11,920 --> 00:37:16,640
Speaker 3: long division. I recently because Ruby is starting, you know,

716
00:37:16,840 --> 00:37:20,680
Speaker 3: like this past year started like multiplication and stuff and

717
00:37:21,360 --> 00:37:23,719
Speaker 3: came at me with like three digit times of two

718
00:37:23,800 --> 00:37:26,440
Speaker 3: digit and I was like, oh, you know what it was.

719
00:37:26,440 --> 00:37:27,360
Speaker 2: Like, I got it. I got it.

720
00:37:27,480 --> 00:37:29,520
Speaker 3: I remember, and I remember how to do that and

721
00:37:29,560 --> 00:37:34,000
Speaker 3: to carry the stuff. But I definitely don't think I

722
00:37:34,000 --> 00:37:35,240
Speaker 3: could do long division anymore.

723
00:37:35,239 --> 00:37:35,480
Speaker 2: I don't.

724
00:37:35,760 --> 00:37:37,680
Speaker 3: I sort of remember, but I don't think I would

725
00:37:38,200 --> 00:37:40,120
Speaker 3: fully be able to complete a problem.

726
00:37:40,400 --> 00:37:42,600
Speaker 1: By the way. I I know, I brushed past it

727
00:37:42,719 --> 00:37:44,719
Speaker 1: because I don't handle compliments that well. But I do

728
00:37:44,840 --> 00:37:48,400
Speaker 1: appreciate the comment about me metamorphosizing into a butterfly.

729
00:37:49,040 --> 00:37:51,880
Speaker 2: That was a joke. I'm just kidding.

730
00:37:51,880 --> 00:37:53,120
Speaker 1: Well, definitely edit this part.

731
00:37:53,480 --> 00:37:56,080
Speaker 2: No, it was for sure true. I appreciate you appreciating that.

732
00:37:56,680 --> 00:37:59,560
Speaker 1: So did we just come back from from a break?

733
00:37:59,640 --> 00:38:01,359
Speaker 1: Is that here?

734
00:38:01,560 --> 00:38:02,440
Speaker 2: Yeah, that's what's going on.

735
00:38:02,960 --> 00:38:06,160
Speaker 3: But we can wrap it up and talk about caterpillar management,

736
00:38:06,320 --> 00:38:13,040
Speaker 3: because here's the deal. Caterpillars eat leaves, and you know

737
00:38:13,239 --> 00:38:16,080
Speaker 3: they can they can eat garden stuff. If you have

738
00:38:16,160 --> 00:38:19,160
Speaker 3: a garden that you're planting, but it's not that big

739
00:38:19,239 --> 00:38:23,239
Speaker 3: a deal. Like, individual caterpillars are not gonna ravage your

740
00:38:23,280 --> 00:38:27,600
Speaker 3: garden and spoil your garden. If you have big groups

741
00:38:27,719 --> 00:38:33,239
Speaker 3: of those gregarious caterpillars, they can cause problems. But you know,

742
00:38:33,280 --> 00:38:36,759
Speaker 3: if you see caterpillars in your garden, don't like, don't

743
00:38:36,800 --> 00:38:38,919
Speaker 3: overreact and be like, I gotta, I gotta start killing

744
00:38:38,960 --> 00:38:43,840
Speaker 3: all these caterpillars. You know, take a breath, assess your problem.

745
00:38:44,239 --> 00:38:46,200
Speaker 3: Are they ravaging your garden or do you just have

746
00:38:46,320 --> 00:38:48,640
Speaker 3: some caterpillars here and there, like because you want those

747
00:38:48,680 --> 00:38:49,800
Speaker 3: butterflies later on, don't you.

748
00:38:50,719 --> 00:38:53,080
Speaker 1: Right, Yeah, definitely, that's a big part. And it's not

749
00:38:53,239 --> 00:38:56,719
Speaker 1: just for their beauty either. Caterpillars and butterflies alike are

750
00:38:56,840 --> 00:39:00,359
Speaker 1: food source for birds, which is sad, but it's part

751
00:39:00,400 --> 00:39:03,040
Speaker 1: of the circle of life, I guess. So that's one

752
00:39:03,120 --> 00:39:08,200
Speaker 1: reason alone. They're also probably even more important for your garden. Pollinators, yeah,

753
00:39:08,920 --> 00:39:12,799
Speaker 1: big time pollinators. There was a dead milkman joke in there.

754
00:39:12,840 --> 00:39:16,640
Speaker 1: I couldn't quite I couldn't quite make it. But so

755
00:39:16,719 --> 00:39:21,520
Speaker 1: they pollinate their food source, and most caterpillars, although all

756
00:39:21,600 --> 00:39:23,480
Speaker 1: of them eat leaves and again like we said they're

757
00:39:23,480 --> 00:39:27,600
Speaker 1: eating machines. The amount of damage they're doing is really

758
00:39:27,680 --> 00:39:30,960
Speaker 1: kind of pales in comparison to the benefits you get

759
00:39:31,000 --> 00:39:33,239
Speaker 1: from having them in your ecosystem. So for the most part,

760
00:39:33,280 --> 00:39:34,400
Speaker 1: you want to just leave them alone.

761
00:39:34,800 --> 00:39:35,000
Speaker 2: Yeah.

762
00:39:35,040 --> 00:39:37,120
Speaker 3: I mean, there's a whole section if you're interested on

763
00:39:37,400 --> 00:39:41,239
Speaker 3: how to kill and get rid of caterpillars at HowStuffWorks

764
00:39:41,239 --> 00:39:43,560
Speaker 3: dot com in this article, but I don't even feel

765
00:39:43,600 --> 00:39:45,720
Speaker 3: like talking about it, to be honest.

766
00:39:46,200 --> 00:39:49,000
Speaker 1: Well, let's talk about gregarious caterpillars, because those are the

767
00:39:49,040 --> 00:39:53,000
Speaker 1: ones that really are problematic. They can on a bad

768
00:39:53,120 --> 00:39:56,560
Speaker 1: year or a good year for the gregarious caterpillars, they

769
00:39:56,640 --> 00:40:00,800
Speaker 1: can consume up to a quarter of the leaves in

770
00:40:00,880 --> 00:40:04,879
Speaker 1: a forest. Yeah, and they if they attack the same

771
00:40:05,000 --> 00:40:08,319
Speaker 1: tree enough times, they'll kill a tree. So gypsy moth

772
00:40:08,480 --> 00:40:11,520
Speaker 1: caterpillars are gregarious, and they're well known for killing trees

773
00:40:11,640 --> 00:40:13,880
Speaker 1: just from eating the leaves off of it. That's how

774
00:40:13,960 --> 00:40:16,600
Speaker 1: much damage they can do. And they can also harm

775
00:40:16,680 --> 00:40:21,239
Speaker 1: crops too, So gregarious caterpillars you actually probably do want

776
00:40:21,280 --> 00:40:23,200
Speaker 1: to get rid of if you come across it. But

777
00:40:23,320 --> 00:40:25,760
Speaker 1: the key is prevention. Like you look for the eggs

778
00:40:25,920 --> 00:40:28,680
Speaker 1: which form a ring around like a tree branch and

779
00:40:29,000 --> 00:40:31,719
Speaker 1: take care of those then, like, don't try to deal

780
00:40:31,800 --> 00:40:33,680
Speaker 1: with them later, it's going to be too late. You

781
00:40:33,760 --> 00:40:37,480
Speaker 1: want to be proactive. They say the best defense is

782
00:40:38,560 --> 00:40:41,000
Speaker 1: shooting your poop five feet away from you.

783
00:40:41,160 --> 00:40:41,319
Speaker 2: Yeah.

784
00:40:41,360 --> 00:40:43,160
Speaker 3: I mean, I guess if you're in forest management or

785
00:40:43,160 --> 00:40:46,040
Speaker 3: if you're a farmer and it has like a literal

786
00:40:46,080 --> 00:40:48,440
Speaker 3: effect on your crops and your forests and stuff like that,

787
00:40:48,920 --> 00:40:52,400
Speaker 3: they're out there, you know, burning tents and nests and

788
00:40:52,480 --> 00:40:55,759
Speaker 3: things like that. But that's not something you should go

789
00:40:55,880 --> 00:40:57,839
Speaker 3: out and try to do because that's you don't want

790
00:40:57,880 --> 00:40:59,600
Speaker 3: to catch something on a tree on fire.

791
00:41:01,880 --> 00:41:02,600
Speaker 2: Just not a good idea.

792
00:41:02,600 --> 00:41:04,359
Speaker 1: But can you just see somebody trying to get rid

793
00:41:04,360 --> 00:41:06,640
Speaker 1: of caterpillars and be like, yeah, oh and you just

794
00:41:06,719 --> 00:41:07,839
Speaker 1: started a wildfire?

795
00:41:08,280 --> 00:41:10,879
Speaker 2: Yes I can't, I really can.

796
00:41:12,680 --> 00:41:15,239
Speaker 1: It's hilarious if you think about it. It's so doode

797
00:41:15,280 --> 00:41:15,440
Speaker 1: it is.

798
00:41:17,120 --> 00:41:19,280
Speaker 2: Should we finish up with the assassin caterpillar?

799
00:41:19,560 --> 00:41:19,680
Speaker 3: Well?

800
00:41:19,760 --> 00:41:21,359
Speaker 1: Can I talk about one more thing you don't want

801
00:41:21,400 --> 00:41:23,160
Speaker 1: to talk about just for a second, because I think

802
00:41:23,200 --> 00:41:26,560
Speaker 1: it's kind of nuts as well. Okay, there's a bacterium

803
00:41:26,680 --> 00:41:31,160
Speaker 1: called Basillis thrying inis. I believe et for short, this

804
00:41:31,320 --> 00:41:34,279
Speaker 1: is a bacteria that people purposely introduce as a as

805
00:41:34,360 --> 00:41:38,120
Speaker 1: a caterpillar control measure, and it goes in and created

806
00:41:38,920 --> 00:41:41,800
Speaker 1: produces holes in the caterpillars gut and leads to sepsis,

807
00:41:41,880 --> 00:41:43,759
Speaker 1: and it dies a painful death a few days after

808
00:41:43,960 --> 00:41:48,320
Speaker 1: being infected. This is considered organic gardening. The problem is

809
00:41:48,400 --> 00:41:51,719
Speaker 1: it doesn't just target caterpillars you don't want it. It

810
00:41:51,800 --> 00:41:55,000
Speaker 1: targets all caterpillars. And it's also a pretty terrible way

811
00:41:55,040 --> 00:41:58,319
Speaker 1: to die. So I'm I think I'm with you, Chuck Man.

812
00:41:58,360 --> 00:42:01,160
Speaker 1: I think you just you say the caterpillars are here

813
00:42:01,200 --> 00:42:02,920
Speaker 1: to stay as long as they're not gregarious. I'm just

814
00:42:03,000 --> 00:42:06,440
Speaker 1: gonna let them live and let live. Yeah, Okay, I

815
00:42:06,560 --> 00:42:08,440
Speaker 1: just wanted to get on that soapbox for a sing.

816
00:42:08,560 --> 00:42:11,680
Speaker 3: Yeah, I'm with you. So I mentioned the assassin caterpillar.

817
00:42:12,280 --> 00:42:17,160
Speaker 3: This is the Linomia obliqua, or the giant silkworm moth,

818
00:42:18,200 --> 00:42:21,759
Speaker 3: or the assassin caterpillar. It is the deadliest caterpillar in

819
00:42:21,800 --> 00:42:26,880
Speaker 3: the world and there have been supposedly several hundred people

820
00:42:27,239 --> 00:42:31,600
Speaker 3: in South America that have died from the toxin injected

821
00:42:32,239 --> 00:42:33,440
Speaker 3: from this caterpillar.

822
00:42:33,560 --> 00:42:34,760
Speaker 1: Quills from the sette.

823
00:42:35,280 --> 00:42:38,600
Speaker 3: Yeah, I think it takes a lot, like even if

824
00:42:38,680 --> 00:42:42,320
Speaker 3: one of them, you know, injected some toxin into you,

825
00:42:42,400 --> 00:42:44,560
Speaker 3: you're going to be uncomfortable and it probably won't feel great.

826
00:42:44,600 --> 00:42:46,800
Speaker 3: But I think you need to get like, you know,

827
00:42:48,200 --> 00:42:50,920
Speaker 3: twenty to one hundred times that to actually kill you.

828
00:42:51,200 --> 00:42:52,799
Speaker 3: Yet it still happens, Yeah, it does.

829
00:42:52,920 --> 00:42:57,000
Speaker 1: Apparently it's responsible for five hundred deaths around South America

830
00:42:57,080 --> 00:43:00,000
Speaker 1: I think total, like in all time as far as

831
00:43:00,200 --> 00:43:03,160
Speaker 1: documented goes. Yeah, it takes a lot, like I think

832
00:43:03,239 --> 00:43:05,960
Speaker 1: twenty to one hundred times to kill you. But the

833
00:43:06,040 --> 00:43:08,560
Speaker 1: way that it kills you is it's an anticoagulant, a

834
00:43:08,719 --> 00:43:12,400
Speaker 1: very powerful one, and you die of internal bleeding essentially.

835
00:43:12,719 --> 00:43:14,320
Speaker 2: Yeah, it's it's a blood thinner.

836
00:43:15,120 --> 00:43:19,280
Speaker 1: Yeah, and that's that actually is being studied, the toxins

837
00:43:19,360 --> 00:43:24,160
Speaker 1: in that particular caterpillar being studied for its usefulness in biomedicine.

838
00:43:24,320 --> 00:43:26,480
Speaker 3: Yeah, I think they're only what is it, there's like

839
00:43:26,600 --> 00:43:31,680
Speaker 3: thirty two species of Linomia, but only two of those

840
00:43:32,400 --> 00:43:37,040
Speaker 3: have that blood thinner venom, the obliqua and then the achillis.

841
00:43:37,400 --> 00:43:39,279
Speaker 1: But the rest will still sting you. It's just not

842
00:43:39,360 --> 00:43:42,400
Speaker 1: going to kill you. It'll still hurt that's South America.

843
00:43:42,600 --> 00:43:44,719
Speaker 1: In North America, the biggest one we have is the

844
00:43:44,840 --> 00:43:53,080
Speaker 1: puss caterpillar. Puss megalopige upper cularis the southern flannel moth,

845
00:43:53,800 --> 00:43:57,879
Speaker 1: and just accidentally brushing it can cause excruciating pain I've seen.

846
00:43:58,000 --> 00:44:01,960
Speaker 1: So just be careful. Admire caterpillars with your eyes, not

847
00:44:02,120 --> 00:44:02,760
Speaker 1: with your hands.

848
00:44:03,400 --> 00:44:05,839
Speaker 2: Yeah. I guess I got lucky as a kid by

849
00:44:06,040 --> 00:44:08,080
Speaker 2: just letting them crawl on me for a minute. But yeah,

850
00:44:08,320 --> 00:44:09,799
Speaker 2: I I never felt that sting.

851
00:44:11,160 --> 00:44:14,799
Speaker 1: There's one other thing too, The eastern tent caterpillars are problematic,

852
00:44:14,960 --> 00:44:18,399
Speaker 1: especially in places like Kentucky, because they cause what's called

853
00:44:18,480 --> 00:44:23,800
Speaker 1: mayor reproductive loss syndrome, where just I think fifty grams

854
00:44:23,800 --> 00:44:26,759
Speaker 1: which is a tenth of a pound of these caterpillars

855
00:44:27,200 --> 00:44:29,840
Speaker 1: ingested by a horse while it's foraging can cause it

856
00:44:29,960 --> 00:44:36,040
Speaker 1: to lose its fetus, have a stillborn berth, all sorts

857
00:44:36,080 --> 00:44:37,840
Speaker 1: of crazy stuff, so much so that it has a

858
00:44:37,880 --> 00:44:40,839
Speaker 1: whole syndrome named after and it's just for eating these caterpillars.

859
00:44:41,520 --> 00:44:43,040
Speaker 1: Oh wow, isn't that crazy?

860
00:44:43,520 --> 00:44:44,799
Speaker 2: That is this is a good one.

861
00:44:44,960 --> 00:44:47,600
Speaker 1: I thought you'd like that. Yeah, caterpillars are great. I

862
00:44:47,600 --> 00:44:49,759
Speaker 1: think we should do a two parter with butterflies.

863
00:44:50,280 --> 00:44:54,359
Speaker 2: Oh should we sure? I think Tracy wrote that one too.

864
00:44:55,520 --> 00:44:57,040
Speaker 1: Okay, I say we get on a bench.

865
00:44:57,320 --> 00:44:59,080
Speaker 2: I was going to suggest that, but then I thought,

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00:44:59,239 --> 00:44:59,799
Speaker 2: is that too much?

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00:45:00,280 --> 00:45:03,160
Speaker 1: I don't know, I don't know. I guess they don't

868
00:45:03,200 --> 00:45:04,520
Speaker 1: have to come out back to back. They can be

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00:45:04,600 --> 00:45:05,520
Speaker 1: companion pieces.

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00:45:05,560 --> 00:45:07,120
Speaker 3: How about that we're back to back and then we

871
00:45:07,160 --> 00:45:09,160
Speaker 3: can skip the metamorphosis marsa.

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00:45:10,560 --> 00:45:13,480
Speaker 1: Well, while we're figuring that out, I say, everybody, it's

873
00:45:13,520 --> 00:45:14,480
Speaker 1: time for listener mail.

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00:45:16,360 --> 00:45:18,440
Speaker 3: I'm going to call this stuff you should know acrossy.

875
00:45:19,239 --> 00:45:22,839
Speaker 3: I was very excited because one of our listeners, well,

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00:45:22,880 --> 00:45:23,480
Speaker 3: I'll just read it.

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00:45:23,760 --> 00:45:24,680
Speaker 2: I'll let you hang on that.

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00:45:24,680 --> 00:45:25,200
Speaker 1: For a second.

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00:45:25,640 --> 00:45:28,799
Speaker 3: Hey, guys, When my wife Katie and I were dating,

880
00:45:28,880 --> 00:45:31,080
Speaker 3: we would meet up at lunch to do the daily

881
00:45:31,160 --> 00:45:31,920
Speaker 3: crossword together.

882
00:45:32,320 --> 00:45:34,160
Speaker 2: I proposed to her twenty years ago using a.

883
00:45:34,160 --> 00:45:38,400
Speaker 3: Crossword I constructed myself, and years later, it's not only crosswords,

884
00:45:38,400 --> 00:45:41,560
Speaker 3: but stuff you should know. It keeps our marriage life vibrant,

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00:45:41,960 --> 00:45:43,600
Speaker 3: it gives us something to talk about every week, and

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00:45:43,640 --> 00:45:46,919
Speaker 3: needless to say, your recent episode on crossword puzzles brought

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00:45:46,960 --> 00:45:50,800
Speaker 3: our life together full circle. About ten years after we married,

888
00:45:51,120 --> 00:45:55,279
Speaker 3: I became a published crossword constructor and have been. I've

889
00:45:55,360 --> 00:45:58,759
Speaker 3: continued ever since with puzzles in La Times, Wall Street Journal,

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00:45:58,800 --> 00:45:59,959
Speaker 3: New York Times, among others.

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00:46:00,960 --> 00:46:04,959
Speaker 2: So, Jeff is pretty experience is across the maker.

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00:46:05,640 --> 00:46:07,680
Speaker 3: As a thank you for a wonderful episode, I'm sending

893
00:46:07,760 --> 00:46:10,640
Speaker 3: you an original puzzle the stuff you should.

894
00:46:10,440 --> 00:46:12,799
Speaker 1: Know theme Wow, you do enjoyed Wow.

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00:46:13,480 --> 00:46:15,799
Speaker 2: And I haven't done it yet. It is printed out

896
00:46:15,920 --> 00:46:20,200
Speaker 2: in my office. He sent me just a you know,

897
00:46:20,400 --> 00:46:23,360
Speaker 2: send us. It's not a digital version, so I can't.

898
00:46:24,200 --> 00:46:25,040
Speaker 2: I can't do it on my phone.

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00:46:25,080 --> 00:46:27,120
Speaker 3: I got to get out the old pencil nice, which

900
00:46:27,120 --> 00:46:29,160
Speaker 3: would be kind of fun, and I can't wait to

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00:46:29,239 --> 00:46:31,520
Speaker 3: tackle it. I've just been waiting for the right window

902
00:46:31,600 --> 00:46:35,719
Speaker 3: of time. And that is from Jeff Stillman and big

903
00:46:35,800 --> 00:46:37,320
Speaker 3: shout out to Jeff and his wife Katie.

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00:46:38,120 --> 00:46:39,960
Speaker 1: I don't know how I missed that one, but I'm

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00:46:40,040 --> 00:46:41,759
Speaker 1: glad you called it out because I can't wait to

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00:46:41,840 --> 00:46:43,440
Speaker 1: do that puzzle too. So thanks Jeff.

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00:46:43,840 --> 00:46:46,840
Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, got Jeff Stillman, go look at your emails

908
00:46:46,840 --> 00:46:47,360
Speaker 2: and print.

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00:46:47,200 --> 00:46:50,359
Speaker 1: That sucker out. Yes. Well, thank you to you both

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00:46:50,480 --> 00:46:52,320
Speaker 1: Jeff and Katie. And if you want to be like

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00:46:52,400 --> 00:46:55,160
Speaker 1: Jeff and send us some amazing thing that's fine with us.

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00:46:55,960 --> 00:46:59,960
Speaker 1: You can send it via email to stuff podcast at iHeartRadio.

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Speaker 4: Stuff you Should Know is a production of iHeartRadio. For

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00:47:07,600 --> 00:47:11,719
Speaker 4: more podcasts my heart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts,

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00:47:11,880 --> 00:47:13,680
Speaker 4: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.