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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff You Missed in History Class from how

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Speaker 1: Stuff Works dot com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast.

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Speaker 1: I'm Katie Lambert and I'm Sarah Dowdy. And Sarah, I

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Speaker 1: have a question for you today. What do Kate Blanchet,

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Speaker 1: Judy Dench and Helen Mirren have in common? I think

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Speaker 1: I know the answer to this one. They've all played

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Speaker 1: Queen Elizabeth the First. Actually, Helen Mirren has the distinction

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Speaker 1: of playing Elizabeth the First and Elizabeth the Second, right,

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Speaker 1: So you don't need to send us any correction emails

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Speaker 1: for that one. But it's not just Hollywood that has

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Speaker 1: a fascination with Elizabeth the First. She was a really

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Speaker 1: interesting person who had a very long reign during contentious times. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: she's brilliant, she's incredibly intelligent, she balances her country in

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Speaker 1: a very contentious time. And what she's probably most famous

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Speaker 1: for though, is being the virgin Queen. Right, but was

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Speaker 1: she really the virgin Queen? Well we're not going to

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Speaker 1: get too much into that today, but she does use

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Speaker 1: a kind of coquettish deflection that she probably inherits from

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Speaker 1: her mother to keep suitors on their toes well into

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Speaker 1: her old age. So you know, whether it's an English

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Speaker 1: lord or a foreign prince, they think that they might

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Speaker 1: have a chance with Elizabeth. She was the original game player,

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Speaker 1: and they did not have a chance. They didn't because

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Speaker 1: the same queen, as a young girl, vowed that she

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Speaker 1: would never marry. And that's what we're going to find

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Speaker 1: out about today. And that might make sense if you

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Speaker 1: know that Elizabeth the First was the daughter of Henry

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Speaker 1: the Eighth, who was notorious for cutting off his wife's

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Speaker 1: heads and or divorcing them. Henry had, of course, famously

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Speaker 1: defied the pope to divorce his first wife, Catherine of Aragon,

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Speaker 1: with whom he had a daughter, Mary, to marry Anne Boleyn,

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Speaker 1: and in Boleyn was only the second commoner elevated to

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Speaker 1: the consort's throne. She was very um, very unpopular with

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Speaker 1: a lot of people, considered just a courtisan who had

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Speaker 1: worked her way to the throne um. But in fifteen

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Speaker 1: thirty three, Anne Boleyn is pregnant with her and Henry's

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Speaker 1: first child, and around the same time they're also the

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Speaker 1: first signs of trouble in the marriage between Henry and

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Speaker 1: and Blyn. Henry up until now has been completely infatuated

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Speaker 1: with his wife Um, but he's starting to stray, and

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Speaker 1: he's surprised that Anne is actually angry about this um

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Speaker 1: something well. Catherine, Catherine of Aragon was sort of the

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Speaker 1: quietly suffering queen, but Anne is upset and Henry wants

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Speaker 1: a son very badly, as does Anne, because this will

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Speaker 1: cement her place in Henry's life. He needs an air.

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Speaker 1: That's largely why he cast aside Catherine of Aragon in

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Speaker 1: the first place, because they didn't have a living son.

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Speaker 1: And everyone thinks it will be a boy. It's only

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Speaker 1: the famous astrologer William Glover who says that Anne will

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Speaker 1: have a woman child and a prince of the land.

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Speaker 1: But surprise, on September seven, fift thirty three, a daughter

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Speaker 1: is born in a bed chamber decorated with tapesters of

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Speaker 1: st Ursula and eleven thousand virgins, and Henry is not

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Speaker 1: the most supportive husband. After the birth of his daughter,

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Speaker 1: he tells Anne, you and I are both young, and

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Speaker 1: by God's grace, boys will follow um. But there's still

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Speaker 1: been all of these celebrations planned for the arrival of

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Speaker 1: a prince, and they go on with most of them.

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Speaker 1: They have to add an s to the birth announcements,

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Speaker 1: altering Prince to Princess um. Elizabeth does get a ta

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Speaker 1: damn for the celebration of a new air and a

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Speaker 1: really fancy christening. She's wrapped in purple and for um,

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Speaker 1: but she doesn't get the attendant ceremonies that would be

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Speaker 1: fit for an air Um. Henry cancels the tournaments that

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Speaker 1: have been planned the fire works. London doesn't celebrate the

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Speaker 1: birth with bonfire, so it's kind of played down, at

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Speaker 1: least from Henry's side. But Anne is just infatuated with

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Speaker 1: a new baby and she really wants to breastfeed, which

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Speaker 1: was considered a big not okay, a queen cannot breastfeed

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Speaker 1: in this time, and they treat Elizabeth very seriously and

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Speaker 1: very grown up. At three months, she's given her own household,

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Speaker 1: which is kind of funny, more than a play kitchen

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Speaker 1: um Hatfield Palace. And meanwhile, her older half sister, Princess Mary,

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Speaker 1: is being horribly degraded. She's deprived of her title, her

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Speaker 1: household is disbanded. Um Anne Boleyn is very jealous of

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Speaker 1: Henry and his older daughter and won't let them see

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Speaker 1: each other. And um Ethan tries to urge Henry to

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Speaker 1: put Catherine, his ex wife, and Mary to death or

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Speaker 1: have them dispatch some way. Um, but Henry's antagonizing his

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Speaker 1: old family, but he's not going to go as far

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Speaker 1: as actually killing them now. And unfortunately, Anne Boleyn doesn't

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Speaker 1: have a lot of luck after this. As far as

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Speaker 1: pregnancies go, she does not produce a male air. She

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Speaker 1: has a lot of still births and miscarriages, which some

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Speaker 1: people say she may have been RH negative, which now

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Speaker 1: we have things to help you with that, and that

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Speaker 1: would make sense, having the first birth of a healthy

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Speaker 1: baby followed by miscarriages and still births, and that would

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Speaker 1: mean that Anne never would have been able to give

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Speaker 1: birth to a boy. But Anne really knows that it's

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Speaker 1: getting down to the wire about delivering an air. When

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Speaker 1: Catherine dies in fifty six, she she's starting to realize

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Speaker 1: her power over the King is waning. He doesn't like

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Speaker 1: her as much anymore. He's realized that she's not a

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Speaker 1: very adept queen, and she knows that if she doesn't

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Speaker 1: deliver him an air, she could be put aside just

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Speaker 1: as easily and kind of the chief consolation during this

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Speaker 1: time of miscarriages and worry. For Anne is the little Elizabeth,

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Speaker 1: and she visits her a lot, and Henry is actually

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Speaker 1: really proud of his young daughter too. He shows her

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Speaker 1: off to ambassadors, sometimes all dressed up, but sometimes naked

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Speaker 1: to show how well made she is. Oh god, it's

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Speaker 1: kind of creepy. Imagine Henry the eighth on Facebook for

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Speaker 1: to be all over that place. Oh you have the

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Speaker 1: naked baby pictures. But it ends up not working out,

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Speaker 1: and to say the very very least, he accuses Anne

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Speaker 1: of adultery and treason, among other trumpet up charges, and

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Speaker 1: also has their marriage declared invalid, which makes no sense

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Speaker 1: because how could it be invalid and she could also

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Speaker 1: be committing adultery. Oh well, uh, he's slept with her

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Speaker 1: sister before they were married, that's and that's too too

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Speaker 1: close for comfort. So she is executed. Elizabeth isn't even

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Speaker 1: three yet, and because the marriage was declared invalid, Elizabeth

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Speaker 1: is also now illegitimate. This is obviously an incredibly traumatic

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Speaker 1: event in young Elizabeth's life, and she's precocious enough that

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Speaker 1: she probably realized pretty quickly what had happened. She asks

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Speaker 1: why she's gone from Lady Princess to Lady Elizabeth, and

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Speaker 1: we don't actually know how she was told of the death,

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Speaker 1: but it probably happened pretty soon, and I'm assuming it

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Speaker 1: wasn't in the most sensitive way. Henry gets remarried very quickly.

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Speaker 1: It's went like a week after the little to James Seymour,

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Speaker 1: and this new wife wants Henry and Mary, his daughter

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Speaker 1: from his first marriage, to make up who has been

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Speaker 1: so insulted and cast aside and neglected right, so their

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Speaker 1: relationship improves. And Mary is Catholic, which will become important

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Speaker 1: a little bit later, So she now has people looking

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Speaker 1: out for her, but no one is looking after a

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Speaker 1: little Elizabeth. Yeah, she's considered a bastard and the daughter

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Speaker 1: of a trader, so she doesn't have many supporters. But

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Speaker 1: fortunately her older sister Mary is fond of her and

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Speaker 1: visits her, and Um even persuades the king to invite

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Speaker 1: her to court because she's in the sent away and

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Speaker 1: not allowed to be around everybody. So there's there's this

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Speaker 1: really brief window of happy family time for the tutors

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Speaker 1: Um in the early part of Henry's marriage to Jane Um.

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Speaker 1: And finally Henry gets what he's been after for decades.

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Speaker 1: A male heir with Emma Edward's six Yeah, Edward is born. Unfortunately,

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Speaker 1: this little happy period does not last long because Jane

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Speaker 1: dies shortly after childbirth. Um, and Elizabeth goes into Mary's

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Speaker 1: care and Henry, of course marries again Anne of Cleaves,

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Speaker 1: and a little six year old Elizabeth writes a very

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Speaker 1: precious letter to her new stepmother asking if she can

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Speaker 1: come to court. And Anne is very charmed by this letter.

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Speaker 1: Elizabeth is so smart and it's very polite, and Henry

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Speaker 1: gives a very rude response, Um, you know, forbidding her

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Speaker 1: to come. Um. But we're kind of glossing over these

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Speaker 1: marriages here. But briefly Anne concedes a nulman to Henry

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Speaker 1: because Henry says that he can't sleep with her, he's

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Speaker 1: unattracted to her. Um. And Anne actually retires and lives

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Speaker 1: a pretty comfortable life. She's lucky she escapes the acts

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Speaker 1: because she's so um, she's so willing to given to

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Speaker 1: any of Henry's demands. Um. And she's really still fond

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Speaker 1: of Elizabeth and knows that um, she and probably won't

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Speaker 1: remarry and have kids of her own, and takes the

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Speaker 1: maternal interest in her and even asks if Elizabeth can

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Speaker 1: visit her sometimes, and Henry is actually okay with that.

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Speaker 1: But with his short marriage to Anne of Cleaves set aside,

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Speaker 1: Henry finds a new wife and she's a teenager, Catherine Howard,

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Speaker 1: and he's so happy with her for a little while,

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Speaker 1: and uh, they have so much fun together. He's he's

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Speaker 1: kind of the Henry you think of in portraits. By

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Speaker 1: this point. He's grossly overweight, and he has an abscess

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Speaker 1: on his leg that oozes and smells bad. So he's

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Speaker 1: not the dashing young man he used to be. So

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Speaker 1: we have to kind of wonder what things were like

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Speaker 1: for Catherine Howard. But they get along very nice, and um,

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Speaker 1: things are fine until it comes out that she's not

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Speaker 1: a virgin. She's been employing her former lovers in her household,

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Speaker 1: and she's accused of treason and executed. And this is

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Speaker 1: a very traumatic event in the young Elizabeth's life. Right

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Speaker 1: at this time, she's eight or nine, so she's old

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Speaker 1: enough to know what's really going on when you you

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Speaker 1: have to kind of think. She sees this happening and

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Speaker 1: she realizes, oh, this is what happened to my mother,

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Speaker 1: and so yeah, by this point she's lost several stepmothers,

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Speaker 1: seen several people beheaded. It's pretty traumatic, and she tells

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Speaker 1: her friend that she will never marry because to her

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Speaker 1: marriage equal staff. But Henry being Henry Mary's again and

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Speaker 1: this time it is the widow Katherine Parr, and she

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Speaker 1: really wants to be a good stepmother and let these

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Speaker 1: three children have a normal life, so she invites them

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Speaker 1: all to come to court, so Edward and Mary and

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Speaker 1: Elizabeth are all together again, and this is another sort

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Speaker 1: of short window of happiness for the tutors Um. They

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Speaker 1: all come in and out of court and spend time

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Speaker 1: together and Catherine Parr supervises their education. UM. And there's

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Speaker 1: also a new act of succession. It goes Prince Edward

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Speaker 1: the son and heir any new offspring. But by this

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Speaker 1: point it's extremely likely that UM Henry couldn't have children

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Speaker 1: UM and then Mary and then Elizabeth. But Henry doesn't

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Speaker 1: fix the issue of Elizabeth being illegitimate, which comes comes

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Speaker 1: up against her later and in early fifty four, Henry

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Speaker 1: banishes Elizabeth from court, and we're still not sure why

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Speaker 1: that happened. She's just a child, exactly what could she

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Speaker 1: have done? But Catherine convinces him to forgive her and

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Speaker 1: let her come back. And Catherine really has even more

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Speaker 1: than just that maternal interest in these poor, orphaned, abandoned

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Speaker 1: children who have gone in and out of their father's

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Speaker 1: favor and had really rough childhoods. She's also really interested

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Speaker 1: in their education. We mentioned earlier she was going to

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Speaker 1: supervise Elizabeth's education, but she makes her whole court of

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Speaker 1: center of feminine learning. To quote Alison Weir, who has

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Speaker 1: written a great biography and Elizabeth in a history of

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Speaker 1: all of Henry's wise, if you want to, if you

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Speaker 1: want to go from number one to six, um, And

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Speaker 1: Elizabeth and Edward both turned into these intellectual prodigies because

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Speaker 1: of this really strict education they have in really high

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Speaker 1: expectations that Henry has for them. Right. One of Elizabeth's

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Speaker 1: tutors said, her mind has no womanly weakness. Her perseverance

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Speaker 1: is equal to that of a man, and her memory

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Speaker 1: long keeps what it quickly picks up. She's really smart.

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Speaker 1: She knows Greek, Latin, French, Italian and what Welsh, Spanish,

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Speaker 1: and um, she plays music, she composes. She's you know,

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Speaker 1: good at more feminine pursuits like needlework. She's really good

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Speaker 1: at book binding. She's got a lovely hand in calligraphy,

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Speaker 1: and she is interested in riding and hunting and shooting crossbows.

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Speaker 1: Some of these are adult pursuits, but she's a very

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Speaker 1: talented woman, and she as a child, she spends almost

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Speaker 1: every waking hour with books or religious exercises. So Elizabeth

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Speaker 1: is prepared for a future that would require some diplomacy,

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Speaker 1: education and intelligence. And that's a good thing. Because Henry

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Speaker 1: dies and this makes Catherine the dowager queen, and it

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Speaker 1: makes little Edward, who's nine or ten at the time,

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Speaker 1: his heir. Yeah, and Elizabeth's actually with her younger brother

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Speaker 1: when they're told that their father has died, and when

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Speaker 1: the men of the court pay her brother homage, which

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Speaker 1: must have been um a pretty emotional sight for her. Um.

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Speaker 1: But Edward is no longer allowed by his counsel to

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Speaker 1: see his stepmother or his sister's And Edward is a

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Speaker 1: very quiet child. He's obviously had a difficult childhood as well,

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Speaker 1: and he misses these women who are the only people

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Speaker 1: who he really loves. Right he's only ten, Yeah, and

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Speaker 1: I have a lot of sympathy for a little Edwards.

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Speaker 1: He writes to them a lot and um, it's it's

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Speaker 1: generally kind of a sad time again and again. Since

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Speaker 1: Edward is so young, there are other people who are

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Speaker 1: taking positions of power, and a man named Edward Seymour

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Speaker 1: becomes Lord Protector of England, but his brother Thomas Seymour

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Speaker 1: doesn't have a place on the council and he's a

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Speaker 1: very ambitious man who doesn't like feeling left out. These

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Speaker 1: are both Edward's maternal uncle, so Jane Seymour's brothers, and

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Speaker 1: Thomas Seymour decides that perhaps the best way to finagle

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Speaker 1: his way into power is to propose to thirteen year

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Speaker 1: old Elizabeth. He knows Mary is Catholic, so she's not

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Speaker 1: going to be a good match, but Elizabeth seems pretty uh,

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Speaker 1: pretty good deal. So he starts flirting with her and

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Speaker 1: courting her, and she's only thirteen, but she knows that

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Speaker 1: it's about his ambition. Still, she's thirteen, so she's kind

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Speaker 1: of flattered. Um, but she still turns him down, says,

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Speaker 1: neither my age nor my inclination allows me to think

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Speaker 1: of marriage. Um. So he goes back to an earlier love,

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Speaker 1: Catherine Parr, who is the Dowager Queen, and Catherine had

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Speaker 1: loved Thomas before, but before marrying Henry the eighth Right.

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Speaker 1: But once the king decides he wants to marry you,

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Speaker 1: you marry the king, especially if the king is prone

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Speaker 1: to be heading people. So she ended up with Henry,

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Speaker 1: of course, but now she has her chance. The only

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Speaker 1: problem is that she marries him with what is called

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Speaker 1: indecent haste. At the time, it's just a few weeks

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Speaker 1: after Henry died, and something that quick would have to

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Speaker 1: be approved by the council because it's so soon, she

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Speaker 1: could potentially, let's say, have had a baby with Henry,

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Speaker 1: and then you would never know exactly the line of

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Speaker 1: succession is muddled once again, so she marries him. They're

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Speaker 1: in trouble, but they're forgiven because little Edward really likes her. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: so her her young stepson likes her. He likes his uncle,

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Speaker 1: so he's fine with the marriage. He doesn't see the

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Speaker 1: political implications of his very ambitious uncle getting a little

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Speaker 1: bit closer to him and to his affairs. And Elizabeth

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Speaker 1: goes to live in this household with Katherine Parr and

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Speaker 1: Thomas Seymour and people are a little bit scandalized, or

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Speaker 1: at least Mary is Mary is is scandalized that you

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Speaker 1: know that Catherine accepted the proposal only six weeks after

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Speaker 1: becoming a widow. But Elizabeth is basically just like, I'm

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Speaker 1: gonna do whatever I want, or I'm at least gonna

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Speaker 1: wait until this scandal dies down. Um. She says that

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Speaker 1: they don't want to offend the Seymours. They should play

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Speaker 1: it cool because the Seymours are are have so much

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Speaker 1: power now. And she also says that her stepmother has

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Speaker 1: been so kind to her. It's not really her place

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Speaker 1: to to offend her, right, but things at this household

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Speaker 1: get a little creepy would maybe be a good word,

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Speaker 1: because Thomas still has that interest in the very young Elizabeth,

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Speaker 1: and it's definitely of a sexual nature. Um. They start

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Speaker 1: romping together, and that's the word that's always used. They

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Speaker 1: they chase each other and have tickle fights, and um,

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Speaker 1: it's all pretty unseemly from our perspective, But to Catherine,

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Speaker 1: Elizabeth is just a child, and um, Thomas actually jokingly

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Speaker 1: kind of calls himself her stepfather, and it all seems okay.

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Speaker 1: It just seems like a family, family fun. Especially he

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Speaker 1: makes sure that he does it in front of other

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Speaker 1: people because there's the implication then that if it were inappropriate,

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Speaker 1: you know, surely he wouldn't want to do it in

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Speaker 1: front of the front of his wife or Elizabeth's governess.

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Speaker 1: But since he's tickling this young girl in her nightgown

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Speaker 1: in front of his wife, it must be fine. But

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Speaker 1: things get even more inappropriate when Catherine gets pregnant, and

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Speaker 1: so I assume they were no longer having relations with

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Speaker 1: each other, and Thomas focuses his sexual energy even more

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Speaker 1: strongly little Elizabeth. He would bust into Elizabeth's bed chamber,

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Speaker 1: um in his nightgown and slippers, and Um. He would

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Speaker 1: only stay though if she was in bed, where he

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Speaker 1: would tickle her, mess with her, and um once he

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Speaker 1: even tried to kiss her, and Missus Catherine Ashley Um,

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Speaker 1: Elizabeth's lady in waiting, cried for shame, you know, don't

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Speaker 1: be careful. And Um would even smack her on the

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Speaker 1: bottom too. So he's he's pretty pretty reckless. And she again,

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Speaker 1: is about fourteen, So for her, this is a little

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Speaker 1: bit of a youthful infatuation. She's flattered by this older

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Speaker 1: man's attentions, and she's a bit too naive, maybe an

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Speaker 1: innocent to understand what's really going on. He's a manipulative

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Speaker 1: predator and she's too young to see it. And Catherine

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Speaker 1: Parr is so oblivious he even joins in sometimes with

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Speaker 1: these romps um, you know, just everyone having a grand

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Speaker 1: old time apparently, But Thomas is worried because Elizabeth can't

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Speaker 1: quite conceal her infatuation, so he's worried he's going to

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Speaker 1: get into trouble, and so he tells Katherine that he

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Speaker 1: saw Elizabeth with her arms around a man's neck, and

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Speaker 1: of course the Dowager Queen is horrified by this and

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Speaker 1: asks Mrs Ashley about you know what, do you know

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Speaker 1: anything about this? And Mrs Ashley doesn't want to get involved,

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Speaker 1: so she refers her to Elizabeth. Has the book, yeah,

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Speaker 1: and um, Elizabeth, of course you know that's not true.

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Speaker 1: I don't even know any men outside of your household.

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Speaker 1: And that's when Catherine gets her first inkling that something

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Speaker 1: is amiss, because if Elizabeth isn't lying, why is her husband?

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Speaker 1: And so some accounts have her finding Elizabeth in Thomas's

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Speaker 1: arms in that April. They come apart, they're ashamed, and

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Speaker 1: no one thinks the relationship was consummated. But clearly that

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Speaker 1: was the track going in that direction. So Elizabeth leaves

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Speaker 1: the household. I believe she's asked to leave by Kat. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: And there's a really awkward meeting between Catherine and Elizabeth

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Speaker 1: right before she goes, when Catherine tells her God has

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Speaker 1: given you great qualities, cultivate them always, and labor to

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Speaker 1: improve them, for I believe you are destined by Heaven

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Speaker 1: to be Queen of England. And Elizabeth is so ashamed

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Speaker 1: she can't even look at her. No. And of course

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Speaker 1: at this time she realizes that she hurt Katherine, and

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Speaker 1: the ladies part maybe not in the best terms, but

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Speaker 1: they do make up later because Catherine realizes, you know,

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Speaker 1: she's only fourteen, she had no idea. Yeah, And Elizabeth

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Speaker 1: is never so foolish again about her her honor and

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Speaker 1: her place in the succession. She realizes that she jeopardized

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Speaker 1: it all. And Elizabeth takes care after this to appear

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Speaker 1: as the perfect Protestant woman. She's dressed very plainly, she's

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Speaker 1: modest and demeanor, she's very sober in general, and she

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Speaker 1: wants to give off this, you know, this image of

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Speaker 1: being not that kind of girl, and this essentially saves

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Speaker 1: her life later, but but we won't skip ahead to

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Speaker 1: their quite yet. Catherine and Thomas, do you have their child?

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Speaker 1: Katherine dies in childbirth, and it's sort of the beginning

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Speaker 1: of a riff between Elizabeth and her older sister Mary,

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Speaker 1: who had gotten along pretty well before then. Um. About

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Speaker 1: seven months after the baby is born, Thomas is executed

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Speaker 1: for treason. This is his ambitions really throw him to

356
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Speaker 1: the wind, don't they. You have to roll your eyes

357
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Speaker 1: a little bit. He's caught with a knife outside of

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Speaker 1: Edward's bed chamber, and some people think Elizabeth is involved too.

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Speaker 1: They're both questioned extremely thoroughly, but she holds out much

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Speaker 1: better than you would think of fourteen year old would

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Speaker 1: that kind of questioning. And she's perfectly calm, cool and composed. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: she acts like the ideal woman for her brother's court.

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Speaker 1: Um and her her little brother Edward likes her a lot,

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Speaker 1: but he wouldn't have had any power to save her

365
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Speaker 1: should she be implicated with Thomas's treason. And speaking of Edward,

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Speaker 1: about the same time, he comes down with either tuberculosis

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Speaker 1: or some other sort of respiratory infection. We're not sure,

368
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Speaker 1: but it's very clear that his health is in grave danger,

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Speaker 1: and he is about to die, and this is when

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Speaker 1: all the succession stuff just blows up. So back to

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Speaker 1: that line of succession we were talking about earlier, the

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Speaker 1: one that Henry decreed when he married Catherine Parr. It

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Speaker 1: made Edward, of course his air, followed by any other

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Speaker 1: babies that might be born, followed by Mary, followed by Elizabeth,

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Speaker 1: followed by the descendants of his youngest sister, not his

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Speaker 1: eldest sister, because we should say his eldest sister's descendants.

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Speaker 1: That's Mary, Queen of Scott's and Henry's great enemy in

378
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Speaker 1: Scotland of course, So his younger sister's airs are kind

379
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Speaker 1: of low down on this line of succession um, but

380
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Speaker 1: they jumped to the top right after Edward dies and

381
00:24:02,760 --> 00:24:06,520
Speaker 1: their interests put forth the teenage Lady Jane Gray, who

382
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Speaker 1: again as a descendant of Henry the eighth youngest sister Mary,

383
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Speaker 1: and Gilford Dudley marries Lady Jane, thinking that the political

384
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Speaker 1: power of his family, combined with her somewhat dubious blood

385
00:24:21,080 --> 00:24:24,679
Speaker 1: claim together will make them a stronger candidate than Mary.

386
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Speaker 1: And so she's this sad puppet queen for a few

387
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Speaker 1: days before she's executed as well, and kind of an

388
00:24:32,080 --> 00:24:36,359
Speaker 1: interesting connection. Lady Jane Gray is actually educated for a

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Speaker 1: time in the same household as Elizabeth, and the cousins

390
00:24:40,000 --> 00:24:44,119
Speaker 1: are very much alike. They look similar, they're both incredibly intelligent.

391
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Speaker 1: But Elizabeth takes no part in this coup, which is

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Speaker 1: pretty smart because it doesn't work right. And Mary gets

393
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Speaker 1: the crown, and she initially has a lot of support

394
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Speaker 1: people like her despite the fact that she's Catholic, but

395
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Speaker 1: she loses that very quickly when she marries the very

396
00:25:02,320 --> 00:25:05,600
Speaker 1: Catholic Philip of Spain, and then, of course she sanctions

397
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Speaker 1: the burning of three Protestants over her reign um, getting

398
00:25:10,440 --> 00:25:14,280
Speaker 1: the name Bloody Mary. So that doesn't really endear a

399
00:25:14,400 --> 00:25:17,960
Speaker 1: queen to her people know, and the people decide they

400
00:25:17,960 --> 00:25:21,800
Speaker 1: want their Protestant Elizabeth instead to get the Catholics out

401
00:25:21,840 --> 00:25:25,320
Speaker 1: of their country, and so they institute various uprisings, and

402
00:25:25,359 --> 00:25:27,919
Speaker 1: Elizabeth gets caught up in them a little bit, not

403
00:25:27,960 --> 00:25:30,840
Speaker 1: by her own doing, just because she's the figurehead. Yeah.

404
00:25:31,080 --> 00:25:33,879
Speaker 1: So one of these is Sir Thomas Wyatt's Rebellion in

405
00:25:33,960 --> 00:25:38,040
Speaker 1: fifteen fifty four, which began as a protest against Mary's

406
00:25:38,080 --> 00:25:43,000
Speaker 1: marriage to Philip and Elizabeth is accused of being involved

407
00:25:43,000 --> 00:25:45,919
Speaker 1: in this and spends three months in the tower in

408
00:25:46,000 --> 00:25:50,800
Speaker 1: fear of her life, but there's no strong evidence against her,

409
00:25:51,160 --> 00:25:55,680
Speaker 1: even though Mary is very suspicious and UM thinks that

410
00:25:55,720 --> 00:25:59,600
Speaker 1: she's secretly a Protestant and Um Elizabeth does get out

411
00:25:59,600 --> 00:26:02,960
Speaker 1: of the tower or though, because Mary is pregnant and

412
00:26:03,000 --> 00:26:05,720
Speaker 1: therefore Elizabeth is not as much of a threat to her,

413
00:26:05,760 --> 00:26:08,760
Speaker 1: you know, if Mary has her own air. But it

414
00:26:08,800 --> 00:26:12,120
Speaker 1: turns out that she wasn't really pregnant, and this happens

415
00:26:12,160 --> 00:26:15,040
Speaker 1: again in Mary's range. She has two false pregnancies and

416
00:26:15,600 --> 00:26:18,440
Speaker 1: no one knows if it was there was a a

417
00:26:18,480 --> 00:26:21,000
Speaker 1: physical cause for it, perhaps in a very insist or

418
00:26:21,000 --> 00:26:23,200
Speaker 1: some sort of cancer because she had all the symptoms

419
00:26:23,200 --> 00:26:26,520
Speaker 1: of pregnancy, or if it was pseudocyesis, which is a

420
00:26:26,560 --> 00:26:31,119
Speaker 1: hysterical pregnancy. That's you know, that's more of a psychological

421
00:26:31,160 --> 00:26:34,600
Speaker 1: issue because there was so much pressure on every TV

422
00:26:34,640 --> 00:26:38,119
Speaker 1: an air to use an air. But this stint in

423
00:26:38,119 --> 00:26:41,680
Speaker 1: the tower is another one of those really traumatic events

424
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Speaker 1: for Elizabeth's life, and she she's thankful for for her escape.

425
00:26:48,400 --> 00:26:51,880
Speaker 1: For her entire life is as late as fifteen seventy nine,

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Speaker 1: she's still composing private prayers to thank God from pulling

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Speaker 1: me from the prison to the palace. And Elizabeth plays

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00:26:59,119 --> 00:27:02,200
Speaker 1: the game during Mary's rain very much again. She's doing

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00:27:02,240 --> 00:27:07,720
Speaker 1: that outward obedience perhaps inner disobedience thing. Mary is positive

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00:27:07,880 --> 00:27:11,280
Speaker 1: that Elizabeth is secretly Protestant, but in deference to her sister,

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00:27:11,359 --> 00:27:14,560
Speaker 1: Elizabeth practices, you know, the Catholic rites and jewels and

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00:27:15,400 --> 00:27:18,880
Speaker 1: where she goes to London for her coronation, and she's

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00:27:18,920 --> 00:27:23,160
Speaker 1: she plays it cool during these years. So Mary's horrible

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00:27:23,280 --> 00:27:26,680
Speaker 1: childhood growing up with Henry the eighth, and the dishonor

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00:27:26,720 --> 00:27:30,439
Speaker 1: of her mother and her inability to have a child,

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00:27:30,920 --> 00:27:34,919
Speaker 1: her horrible rain killing all these people, and Philip, her

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00:27:35,000 --> 00:27:38,040
Speaker 1: husband's abandonment of her. He moves back to Spain, so

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00:27:38,080 --> 00:27:40,399
Speaker 1: she's really not going to have a child now leaves

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00:27:40,400 --> 00:27:43,720
Speaker 1: her a broken woman in middle age. And she dies

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00:27:44,320 --> 00:27:48,879
Speaker 1: on November seif fifty eight. And when Elizabeth is told,

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00:27:49,000 --> 00:27:52,680
Speaker 1: the story goes that she's outside at Hatfield the estate,

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00:27:53,080 --> 00:27:58,400
Speaker 1: reading under a tree, and she's rendered speechless initially, and

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00:27:58,520 --> 00:28:02,000
Speaker 1: she sinks to her knees and says in Latin, this

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Speaker 1: is the Lord's doing. It is marvelous in our eyes.

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Speaker 1: From the eighteenth Psalm, and I think she's provided us

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00:28:10,280 --> 00:28:13,720
Speaker 1: with the perfect ending words to our podcast. Elizabeth goes

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00:28:13,760 --> 00:28:17,240
Speaker 1: on to be a wonderful queen that that is a

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00:28:17,320 --> 00:28:19,840
Speaker 1: story for another day. But if you'd like to learn

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00:28:19,840 --> 00:28:23,080
Speaker 1: more about Elizabeth's father and her childhood, you should check

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00:28:23,119 --> 00:28:25,600
Speaker 1: out the top ten heads that rolled during the reign

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00:28:25,600 --> 00:28:29,720
Speaker 1: of Henry the Eighth on our homepage at www dot

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00:28:29,800 --> 00:28:33,720
Speaker 1: how stuff works dot com. For more on this and

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00:28:33,800 --> 00:28:37,479
Speaker 1: thousands of other topics, visit how stuff works dot com.

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00:28:37,680 --> 00:28:39,760
Speaker 1: Let us know what you think, Send an email to

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00:28:39,880 --> 00:28:42,920
Speaker 1: podcast at how stuff works dot com, and be sure

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00:28:42,920 --> 00:28:44,880
Speaker 1: to check out the stuff you missed in History Glass

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00:28:44,880 --> 00:28:50,720
Speaker 1: Blog on the how stuff works dot com home page