1 00:00:00,040 --> 00:00:07,040 Speaker 1: M was motherfucker's No, that's not how we're gonna start with. 2 00:00:08,600 --> 00:00:13,440 Speaker 1: That's so good. I'm Robert Evans. Hello, I your This 3 00:00:13,520 --> 00:00:15,480 Speaker 1: is the Behind the Bastard Show, the show where we 4 00:00:15,480 --> 00:00:17,400 Speaker 1: tell you everything you don't know about the very worst 5 00:00:17,440 --> 00:00:19,639 Speaker 1: people in all of history. Only today that's not what 6 00:00:19,680 --> 00:00:22,560 Speaker 1: we're doing. This is our special Christmas episode. Uh. And 7 00:00:22,600 --> 00:00:25,880 Speaker 1: I figured that in light of the holiday season, the 8 00:00:25,920 --> 00:00:28,360 Speaker 1: fact that, uh, it's the time of the year where 9 00:00:28,480 --> 00:00:31,960 Speaker 1: everybody tries to think about the better aspects of humankind, 10 00:00:32,360 --> 00:00:35,199 Speaker 1: we would do a little break from tradition here and 11 00:00:35,280 --> 00:00:37,479 Speaker 1: talk about someone who is not a bastard, but is 12 00:00:37,479 --> 00:00:39,680 Speaker 1: in fact a little bit of a hero of mine, 13 00:00:40,280 --> 00:00:42,920 Speaker 1: more than a little bit. My guest today is Ana Hosnia, 14 00:00:43,360 --> 00:00:47,120 Speaker 1: co host of the Ethnically Ambiguous podcast What did I 15 00:00:47,120 --> 00:00:54,280 Speaker 1: suk Up? She didn't even notice, Uh, what did you do? 16 00:00:55,880 --> 00:01:00,560 Speaker 1: That's totally fine. Yeah, who cares? At this point? Who cares? 17 00:01:00,600 --> 00:01:03,680 Speaker 1: He said? Most people go like Hasney, our hosts n 18 00:01:04,200 --> 00:01:07,280 Speaker 1: that's you were you were there, my friends. All right, 19 00:01:07,360 --> 00:01:10,920 Speaker 1: let's leave this all in, uh, Lawrence, Yeah, we're keeping 20 00:01:10,959 --> 00:01:13,280 Speaker 1: it in and this will be good because that way, 21 00:01:13,319 --> 00:01:15,360 Speaker 1: if any of our listeners meet you, they will know 22 00:01:15,400 --> 00:01:20,039 Speaker 1: how to approximately. How are you doing today, Anna, I 23 00:01:20,080 --> 00:01:23,120 Speaker 1: am good. You know I overslept this morning, um, which 24 00:01:23,160 --> 00:01:25,760 Speaker 1: is common for me on a nice Monday. Yeah. I 25 00:01:25,800 --> 00:01:28,399 Speaker 1: can't hop back that well into the work week after 26 00:01:28,440 --> 00:01:30,520 Speaker 1: a weekend. No, there's no hopping for I just got 27 00:01:30,520 --> 00:01:32,319 Speaker 1: off of a red eye from d C. So I am. 28 00:01:32,360 --> 00:01:36,280 Speaker 1: I am ruined. Right. Were you fighting the Good War? Yeah? 29 00:01:36,440 --> 00:01:38,760 Speaker 1: Kind of, yeah, I was. I was teaching baby cops 30 00:01:38,800 --> 00:01:42,440 Speaker 1: how to find Nazis on the internet. That is the 31 00:01:42,440 --> 00:01:45,720 Speaker 1: most youth thing I've ever heard in my life. Anna, 32 00:01:45,840 --> 00:01:49,600 Speaker 1: have you ever heard of a fellow named Raoul Wallenberg? No, 33 00:01:50,400 --> 00:01:53,760 Speaker 1: I'm you're about to. Uh. In a world so full 34 00:01:53,760 --> 00:01:57,200 Speaker 1: of evil, depthless greed, unspeakable cruelty, and uh that one 35 00:01:57,400 --> 00:02:00,320 Speaker 1: Arianna Grande music video that was kind of mean. Uh, 36 00:02:00,480 --> 00:02:02,080 Speaker 1: it can be easy to feel like there's no way 37 00:02:02,080 --> 00:02:04,640 Speaker 1: a single human being can make any kind of meaningful difference. 38 00:02:04,800 --> 00:02:06,880 Speaker 1: I feel like that a lot. I think it's pretty 39 00:02:06,880 --> 00:02:12,040 Speaker 1: common feeling in as we watch society spiral into oblivion. 40 00:02:15,560 --> 00:02:18,520 Speaker 1: You've got that Weinstein laugh going again, just kind of 41 00:02:18,560 --> 00:02:22,000 Speaker 1: bust into a cloud of dust. Yeah. Now, Raoul Wallenberg, 42 00:02:22,040 --> 00:02:24,400 Speaker 1: I feel is proof against this kind of hopeless feeling. 43 00:02:24,520 --> 00:02:26,080 Speaker 1: This is the story of a man who saved tens 44 00:02:26,080 --> 00:02:28,040 Speaker 1: of thousands of lives using nothing but paper and the 45 00:02:28,080 --> 00:02:31,440 Speaker 1: eternal power of lying. Uh Raul Wallenberg might be the 46 00:02:31,440 --> 00:02:34,120 Speaker 1: man from history I most admire, and so today as 47 00:02:34,240 --> 00:02:36,519 Speaker 1: sort of a Christmas present, or as a Yule present 48 00:02:36,600 --> 00:02:41,279 Speaker 1: if you're not into Christmas, or as a uh Satanist 49 00:02:41,320 --> 00:02:43,639 Speaker 1: Easter present. I think that's in December two. I don't 50 00:02:43,680 --> 00:02:47,480 Speaker 1: really know much. No, probably not. I just lied about that, um. 51 00:02:47,520 --> 00:02:49,440 Speaker 1: But in the world, I think this might also count. 52 00:02:49,440 --> 00:02:52,720 Speaker 1: We're recording this during Hanukah, but it's not going to 53 00:02:53,200 --> 00:02:56,400 Speaker 1: run during Hanukah. But you can consider it Hanakah present 54 00:02:56,440 --> 00:02:59,919 Speaker 1: as well if that is your desire. Any kind of present, 55 00:03:00,040 --> 00:03:02,000 Speaker 1: if you like presents, this this is a kind of 56 00:03:02,040 --> 00:03:04,639 Speaker 1: one of those for you. Chris MCCA, if you will, 57 00:03:04,720 --> 00:03:10,240 Speaker 1: Chris MCA Christmas, Chris MCA Satanist Easter. Right, let's talk 58 00:03:10,280 --> 00:03:14,960 Speaker 1: about Roel wallenberg story after this roll. Wallenberg's parents were 59 00:03:14,960 --> 00:03:17,480 Speaker 1: the science of two wealthy Swedish families. His father was 60 00:03:17,480 --> 00:03:20,000 Speaker 1: also named Roel Wallenberg and was a naval officer in 61 00:03:20,040 --> 00:03:23,400 Speaker 1: the Swedish Maybe. His mother, Maj Wizing, was the daughter 62 00:03:23,440 --> 00:03:25,919 Speaker 1: of a neurologist. They married in nineteen eleven, but Rule 63 00:03:26,160 --> 00:03:28,800 Speaker 1: contracted cancer a few months later and died three months 64 00:03:28,800 --> 00:03:30,560 Speaker 1: before the birth of the Sun who would carry on 65 00:03:30,639 --> 00:03:32,920 Speaker 1: his name. So, but he didn't go by the second 66 00:03:33,000 --> 00:03:35,400 Speaker 1: or junior, not because his dad was dead as ship. 67 00:03:36,040 --> 00:03:37,640 Speaker 1: So you don't got to do that if your dad dies, 68 00:03:37,800 --> 00:03:41,640 Speaker 1: so Swedish. So Donald, well, no, not gonna I'm gonna 69 00:03:41,680 --> 00:03:45,560 Speaker 1: do that. That's breaking the law again. So r Raoul 70 00:03:45,600 --> 00:03:49,480 Speaker 1: Wallenberg was born on August four, nineteen twelve, in Capsta, Sweden. 71 00:03:49,600 --> 00:03:52,000 Speaker 1: He spent his first few years living in boogie comfort 72 00:03:52,000 --> 00:03:55,080 Speaker 1: with his mother and his grandmother. Roe grew up in 73 00:03:55,120 --> 00:03:57,480 Speaker 1: about as much privilege as it's possible to grow up with. 74 00:03:57,560 --> 00:04:00,120 Speaker 1: His grandfather had been the Swedish ambassador to Japan, and 75 00:04:00,400 --> 00:04:02,800 Speaker 1: his uncle's were wealthy bankers, founders of the Inn Skilled, 76 00:04:02,800 --> 00:04:05,480 Speaker 1: a bank. He had kid who are bishops. His great 77 00:04:05,480 --> 00:04:07,840 Speaker 1: grandfather was a Jewish man who become the king's chief 78 00:04:07,840 --> 00:04:11,400 Speaker 1: financial advisor. Himself was not Jewish, but like he comes from, 79 00:04:11,600 --> 00:04:13,960 Speaker 1: you know, privilege. When you're you've get a relative who's 80 00:04:14,320 --> 00:04:17,120 Speaker 1: advising the king on where to invest money, you're anyone 81 00:04:17,160 --> 00:04:20,599 Speaker 1: who's got to ambassador. Uncle. Yeah, here we go, here 82 00:04:20,640 --> 00:04:24,800 Speaker 1: we go. Yeah yeah. I actually lived near the Saudi embassy, 83 00:04:24,800 --> 00:04:27,720 Speaker 1: and I can tell you those kids do not drive well. 84 00:04:28,000 --> 00:04:30,279 Speaker 1: Do you like ever like walk by and go who 85 00:04:30,279 --> 00:04:32,560 Speaker 1: If I'm feeling crazy today, maybe I'll go in there. 86 00:04:32,960 --> 00:04:35,279 Speaker 1: I mean again, we're really trying to get away from 87 00:04:35,279 --> 00:04:38,760 Speaker 1: talking about committing crimes on this podcast. Sorry, I can't 88 00:04:38,800 --> 00:04:42,280 Speaker 1: help myself. I will say it looks pretty fortified, like 89 00:04:42,360 --> 00:04:45,120 Speaker 1: you would have you would have trouble um next to 90 00:04:45,160 --> 00:04:50,040 Speaker 1: a really good shop for getting like desserts and stuff. Well, 91 00:04:50,200 --> 00:04:52,440 Speaker 1: I mean that makes sense, yeah, really really nice desserts 92 00:04:52,440 --> 00:04:55,919 Speaker 1: and coffee. Uh. Also a nice T shirt store next door? 93 00:04:56,040 --> 00:04:58,800 Speaker 1: And then where is it like in Koreatown area. No, 94 00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:02,000 Speaker 1: it's in like the West side. Uh oh yeah, I 95 00:05:02,000 --> 00:05:04,080 Speaker 1: didn't know that. Yes, most of the embassies are like 96 00:05:04,120 --> 00:05:08,359 Speaker 1: kind of that Wilsher Block, like some Saudi building, and 97 00:05:08,400 --> 00:05:11,320 Speaker 1: it's like this giant fortress looking thing in the middle 98 00:05:11,360 --> 00:05:13,960 Speaker 1: of like a shopping district. It's really weird. It's one 99 00:05:13,960 --> 00:05:16,560 Speaker 1: of those things. There's no signs. I didn't realize until later, 100 00:05:16,560 --> 00:05:19,640 Speaker 1: but there's all like regularly really nice cars with diplomatic 101 00:05:19,640 --> 00:05:22,039 Speaker 1: plates driving through and like usually driving like a bat 102 00:05:22,040 --> 00:05:24,560 Speaker 1: out of hell, because I mean I if I had 103 00:05:24,600 --> 00:05:28,360 Speaker 1: diplomatic plates, yeah I would lawless. Yeah I would never 104 00:05:28,680 --> 00:05:34,159 Speaker 1: drive sober. So okay. When Roll's mother remarried in nineteen 105 00:05:34,160 --> 00:05:36,080 Speaker 1: twelve he was six years old, his stepdad became the 106 00:05:36,080 --> 00:05:38,920 Speaker 1: administrator of the largest hospital in Sweden by all AC counts. 107 00:05:38,920 --> 00:05:40,800 Speaker 1: His childhood was a happy one. His mom and stepdad 108 00:05:40,800 --> 00:05:42,720 Speaker 1: gave him a great deal of freedom to roam around 109 00:05:42,839 --> 00:05:45,560 Speaker 1: and uh. He generally had an opportunity not a lot 110 00:05:45,600 --> 00:05:47,400 Speaker 1: of rich kids have, which is to kind of come 111 00:05:47,440 --> 00:05:50,760 Speaker 1: to their own conclusions about life. Role was particularly close 112 00:05:50,800 --> 00:05:53,440 Speaker 1: to his grandpa Gustav. Since Gustav spent his career as 113 00:05:53,480 --> 00:05:55,719 Speaker 1: a diplomat, he considered himself a citizen of the world 114 00:05:55,800 --> 00:05:58,280 Speaker 1: rather than just a Swite. He wanted his grandson Raoul 115 00:05:58,320 --> 00:06:00,400 Speaker 1: to grow up understanding the duty and oppligatetion that he 116 00:06:00,440 --> 00:06:03,919 Speaker 1: felt people owed each other. Raoul graduated from secondary school 117 00:06:03,920 --> 00:06:06,400 Speaker 1: in nineteen thirty. He spent nine months in mandatory military 118 00:06:06,400 --> 00:06:08,120 Speaker 1: service and then spent a year at the University of 119 00:06:08,160 --> 00:06:10,520 Speaker 1: Potier in France. By the time he was twenty, he 120 00:06:10,560 --> 00:06:15,560 Speaker 1: was fluent in English, German, Russian, and French sounds exhausting, right, Yeah, yeah, 121 00:06:15,920 --> 00:06:20,840 Speaker 1: I'm always over. I mean it's good. Yeah, well that's 122 00:06:20,839 --> 00:06:23,480 Speaker 1: always an interesting thing. Like American kids don't do that, 123 00:06:23,520 --> 00:06:25,720 Speaker 1: Like it was kind of an old timey, kind of 124 00:06:25,760 --> 00:06:28,240 Speaker 1: like European style to be like, I just learned all them. 125 00:06:29,640 --> 00:06:33,720 Speaker 1: There's no television exactly, there's no Twitter to distract me anyway. 126 00:06:33,720 --> 00:06:37,880 Speaker 1: I speak Chinese. Never going to go there because there's 127 00:06:37,920 --> 00:06:43,440 Speaker 1: no antibiotics. It's it's just a hobby. Uh. Role traveled 128 00:06:43,440 --> 00:06:45,680 Speaker 1: to the United States for college. He was an artist, 129 00:06:45,720 --> 00:06:48,320 Speaker 1: and he sought a career in architecture. Although he could 130 00:06:48,360 --> 00:06:50,440 Speaker 1: have afforded to have an Ivy League education, Role had 131 00:06:50,480 --> 00:06:52,760 Speaker 1: no interest in surrounding himself with a bunch of wealthy bricks. 132 00:06:53,040 --> 00:06:55,200 Speaker 1: His sister described him as an anti snob who loved 133 00:06:55,279 --> 00:06:57,840 Speaker 1: Charlie Chaplin, hot dogs, and sneakers. He went by the 134 00:06:57,920 --> 00:07:00,000 Speaker 1: nickname Rudy. He would not have fit in at Harvard 135 00:07:00,200 --> 00:07:02,280 Speaker 1: or Yale, but the University of Michigan proved to be 136 00:07:02,360 --> 00:07:04,480 Speaker 1: a perfect fit. It's nice. I heard it's nice. It's 137 00:07:04,480 --> 00:07:06,719 Speaker 1: like an an arbor area. It's an ann arbor area 138 00:07:07,120 --> 00:07:09,480 Speaker 1: and just during the winter. Most of what I know 139 00:07:09,480 --> 00:07:11,560 Speaker 1: about Michigan is that ann arbor is a place in 140 00:07:11,600 --> 00:07:16,680 Speaker 1: it M. That's very true. Alright, moving on. Uh. He 141 00:07:16,760 --> 00:07:19,320 Speaker 1: was popular at college. One classmate recalled that Rule was 142 00:07:19,360 --> 00:07:21,880 Speaker 1: a star who always thought to the essence of an issue. 143 00:07:21,960 --> 00:07:24,120 Speaker 1: He was full of energy, good humor, and generally a 144 00:07:24,120 --> 00:07:26,720 Speaker 1: good guy. Role refused to join a fraternity because, in 145 00:07:26,760 --> 00:07:28,520 Speaker 1: the words of a friend, he worried it would isolate 146 00:07:28,600 --> 00:07:30,840 Speaker 1: him from a certain strata of students. Wow, he really 147 00:07:31,000 --> 00:07:33,200 Speaker 1: is a good guy. If he's like, I'm sorry, fraternities 148 00:07:33,240 --> 00:07:35,520 Speaker 1: just aren't for me. It's gonna I just feel like 149 00:07:35,520 --> 00:07:37,000 Speaker 1: I don't want to hang around with rich people all 150 00:07:37,040 --> 00:07:39,320 Speaker 1: the time. He's like, I'm not trying to get sucked 151 00:07:39,320 --> 00:07:41,320 Speaker 1: into bro culture, you know, really trying to open my 152 00:07:41,360 --> 00:07:45,640 Speaker 1: eyes and trying to the world. Yeah. Yeah. During the holidays, 153 00:07:45,680 --> 00:07:48,840 Speaker 1: Wallenberg indulged in his passion hitchhiking. He wrote in a 154 00:07:48,920 --> 00:07:51,280 Speaker 1: letter to his grandpa that quote, when you travel like 155 00:07:51,320 --> 00:07:53,160 Speaker 1: a hobo, everything is different. You have to be on 156 00:07:53,200 --> 00:07:55,200 Speaker 1: the alert the whole time. You're in close contact with 157 00:07:55,240 --> 00:07:58,760 Speaker 1: new people every day. Hitchhiking gives you training in diplomacy. Intact, 158 00:07:59,200 --> 00:08:01,560 Speaker 1: this training would prove critical for what's going to come later. 159 00:08:01,840 --> 00:08:04,920 Speaker 1: Hitchhiking also gave Wallenberg experience in staying calm during moments 160 00:08:04,920 --> 00:08:07,760 Speaker 1: of tremendous danger during his second summer in America. What 161 00:08:08,200 --> 00:08:10,720 Speaker 1: just only a man could do that? Well, yeah, I mean, yes, 162 00:08:10,800 --> 00:08:13,440 Speaker 1: this is definitely I'm like, could I have been No, 163 00:08:13,560 --> 00:08:15,840 Speaker 1: I would have been murdered in my moments of diplomacy. 164 00:08:16,320 --> 00:08:18,360 Speaker 1: I mean yeah, yeah, I mean. And as it heads up, 165 00:08:18,360 --> 00:08:20,200 Speaker 1: this is a story of a guy who's born into 166 00:08:20,240 --> 00:08:22,360 Speaker 1: like about as much privilege as it's possible to be 167 00:08:22,440 --> 00:08:26,080 Speaker 1: born into, but who actually like deploys it really effectively, 168 00:08:26,640 --> 00:08:28,800 Speaker 1: which is part of why I like this story. So 169 00:08:29,000 --> 00:08:31,240 Speaker 1: during the second Summer in America, while he's hitching from 170 00:08:31,320 --> 00:08:34,440 Speaker 1: Chicago to ann Arbor, the East coast distances are always weird. 171 00:08:34,440 --> 00:08:35,680 Speaker 1: Like when I was in d C. I would go 172 00:08:35,720 --> 00:08:37,240 Speaker 1: through like two or three states in a day, just 173 00:08:37,360 --> 00:08:40,880 Speaker 1: like get lunch. And it's like, actually when I people 174 00:08:40,880 --> 00:08:42,600 Speaker 1: doing it. Once when I was in Chicago, I took 175 00:08:42,600 --> 00:08:45,760 Speaker 1: the train to ann Arbor for the day, it's not 176 00:08:45,200 --> 00:08:48,240 Speaker 1: it's lunacy. I grew up in Texas and then I 177 00:08:48,280 --> 00:08:50,400 Speaker 1: moved to California, So I'm used to a state being 178 00:08:50,440 --> 00:08:53,320 Speaker 1: a thing that like you gotta really you gotta want it. 179 00:08:53,440 --> 00:08:56,199 Speaker 1: The East Coast is nonsense. Uh and I don't care 180 00:08:56,240 --> 00:09:01,640 Speaker 1: who knows it except for Pittsburgh fish East coast city 181 00:09:01,679 --> 00:09:04,679 Speaker 1: of this podcast. Okay, yeah, I don't know why. That's 182 00:09:04,679 --> 00:09:11,800 Speaker 1: where movie theaters started. Really yep, well then there you go. Um. So, 183 00:09:11,920 --> 00:09:14,880 Speaker 1: during his second summer in America, this paragraphs taking as 184 00:09:14,880 --> 00:09:18,280 Speaker 1: a while. While hitching from Chicago han Arbor, Wallenberg was 185 00:09:18,320 --> 00:09:20,559 Speaker 1: picked up by a suspicious looking group before young men. 186 00:09:20,840 --> 00:09:23,040 Speaker 1: He later recalled that he quote started to work my 187 00:09:23,080 --> 00:09:25,440 Speaker 1: poverty into the conversation in order to convince them that 188 00:09:25,440 --> 00:09:27,800 Speaker 1: he wasn't worse robbing. This did not succeed. One of 189 00:09:27,800 --> 00:09:30,400 Speaker 1: the men jammed a revolver in Wallenberg's face and demanded 190 00:09:30,400 --> 00:09:32,720 Speaker 1: all of his money. He stayed calm. In fact, he 191 00:09:32,800 --> 00:09:35,679 Speaker 1: later reported that during the robbery, he realized his robbers 192 00:09:35,679 --> 00:09:38,320 Speaker 1: were quote the ones who were frightened. Maybe because I 193 00:09:38,400 --> 00:09:40,480 Speaker 1: was so calm. I really didn't feel any fear the 194 00:09:40,480 --> 00:09:43,280 Speaker 1: whole time. It was more like an adventure. Um. He 195 00:09:43,320 --> 00:09:45,080 Speaker 1: was robbed and tossed in a ditch, but even this 196 00:09:45,160 --> 00:09:49,480 Speaker 1: didn't cause him to give up pitchhiking in the world. 197 00:09:49,760 --> 00:09:51,559 Speaker 1: I understand, you know, they didn't, you know, they had 198 00:09:51,600 --> 00:09:54,040 Speaker 1: to Yeah, they were robbing me. It's whatever. I feel 199 00:09:54,080 --> 00:09:58,760 Speaker 1: bad that they were so scared. I was fine with it. Uh. 200 00:09:58,880 --> 00:10:01,160 Speaker 1: He took this as a war to carry less cash 201 00:10:01,200 --> 00:10:04,800 Speaker 1: and quote, try to become more devious, which is good 202 00:10:04,840 --> 00:10:10,080 Speaker 1: advice in general in life. Yeah, he's like, I learned 203 00:10:10,120 --> 00:10:12,800 Speaker 1: from everything. Yeah, he's he's really that kind of guy. 204 00:10:13,080 --> 00:10:17,520 Speaker 1: This is a learning opportunity. Yeah. Rao came to love 205 00:10:17,520 --> 00:10:19,880 Speaker 1: the United States and he had a difficult time leaving 206 00:10:19,880 --> 00:10:22,800 Speaker 1: the country after February nineteen thirty five, when he completed 207 00:10:22,840 --> 00:10:25,480 Speaker 1: his BA in architecture. Believe he did because the world 208 00:10:25,520 --> 00:10:27,880 Speaker 1: was beckoning to him. Roll next spent six months in 209 00:10:27,920 --> 00:10:30,080 Speaker 1: South Africa and then a year in Palestine as a 210 00:10:30,080 --> 00:10:32,520 Speaker 1: banker's apprentice. It was there that he first came face 211 00:10:32,559 --> 00:10:36,160 Speaker 1: to face with the consequences of Nazi racial policy. Palestine 212 00:10:36,160 --> 00:10:38,720 Speaker 1: in the late thirties was flooded with Jewish refugees from Germany, 213 00:10:38,800 --> 00:10:41,040 Speaker 1: men women who had been bankrupted by the Nuremberg Laws 214 00:10:41,040 --> 00:10:43,400 Speaker 1: and forced to flee for their lives. One of Wallenberg's 215 00:10:43,400 --> 00:10:46,480 Speaker 1: biographers believes that the conversations he had with Jewish refugees 216 00:10:46,559 --> 00:10:48,719 Speaker 1: left him permanently changed. He felt as if he had 217 00:10:48,760 --> 00:10:50,880 Speaker 1: to do something. I want to note that as soon 218 00:10:50,920 --> 00:10:54,560 Speaker 1: as I said Nuremberg laws, the dog barked again. She 219 00:10:54,600 --> 00:10:57,120 Speaker 1: doesn't care for it. No, she does not like Nazism. 220 00:10:57,280 --> 00:11:01,280 Speaker 1: It's a good dog. It's a good dog. She's continuing 221 00:11:01,280 --> 00:11:09,760 Speaker 1: to grow. Oh, somebody's delivering something, possibly a Nazi, every 222 00:11:09,760 --> 00:11:13,120 Speaker 1: time she hears that word. In nineteen thirty seven, Rolls, 223 00:11:13,160 --> 00:11:16,800 Speaker 1: grandfather and mentor, Gustav died. Roles next four years were difficult, 224 00:11:16,880 --> 00:11:18,920 Speaker 1: or at least they were rich get difficult. He started 225 00:11:18,960 --> 00:11:21,760 Speaker 1: two businesses, both of which failed, but he had family money, 226 00:11:21,800 --> 00:11:23,720 Speaker 1: so these failures were more like hits to his pride 227 00:11:23,760 --> 00:11:26,640 Speaker 1: than financial disasters. It is possible that some of his 228 00:11:26,679 --> 00:11:28,680 Speaker 1: failure had to do with his inability to really focus 229 00:11:28,679 --> 00:11:31,080 Speaker 1: on commerce. As the Third Reich War on and the 230 00:11:31,120 --> 00:11:33,880 Speaker 1: Second World War sparked off, Rae grew more and more 231 00:11:33,880 --> 00:11:36,320 Speaker 1: concerned for the Jews of Germany and of Europe. For 232 00:11:36,360 --> 00:11:38,320 Speaker 1: a long while, his ability to help was limited to 233 00:11:38,320 --> 00:11:40,320 Speaker 1: providing food aid to a family of refugees who had 234 00:11:40,320 --> 00:11:42,720 Speaker 1: fled to Sweden. But in nineteen forty one, with Hitler 235 00:11:42,760 --> 00:11:45,320 Speaker 1: at the height of his murderous power, Roles uncle Jacob 236 00:11:45,520 --> 00:11:48,240 Speaker 1: introduced him to a man named Kalman Lauer now Lauer 237 00:11:48,320 --> 00:11:51,280 Speaker 1: was a Hungarian businessman who had interests across Central Europe. 238 00:11:51,400 --> 00:11:54,120 Speaker 1: Since Lara was Jewish, Nazi domination of Central Europe made 239 00:11:54,120 --> 00:11:57,440 Speaker 1: it almost impossible for him to you know, travel, do 240 00:11:57,960 --> 00:12:01,960 Speaker 1: not get killed. Exist. He's a rough time to exist 241 00:12:02,440 --> 00:12:04,840 Speaker 1: if you were a Jewish guy in Central Europe. So 242 00:12:05,600 --> 00:12:08,560 Speaker 1: Lower's business was essentially like an exotic food import company, 243 00:12:08,640 --> 00:12:11,560 Speaker 1: and he put Wallenberg in charge of the company's European operations. 244 00:12:11,559 --> 00:12:14,559 Speaker 1: Because Wallenberg looked like the whitest dude ever. Well, they're 245 00:12:14,600 --> 00:12:16,240 Speaker 1: a picture of him up on the site. I don't 246 00:12:16,280 --> 00:12:19,360 Speaker 1: have one on this document because I am cracked out. 247 00:12:20,480 --> 00:12:25,640 Speaker 1: Oh boy, I can see the literal red eye. Yeah, yeah, Oh, 248 00:12:25,679 --> 00:12:28,280 Speaker 1: Sophie has pulled one up. Oh he had like male 249 00:12:28,280 --> 00:12:31,800 Speaker 1: pattern baldness. He's so cool. He's just a normal guy, 250 00:12:31,920 --> 00:12:35,520 Speaker 1: just a normal guy. If you were central casting white man, 251 00:12:35,679 --> 00:12:39,080 Speaker 1: you would pick Rao Wallaberg. Very normal looking dude. So 252 00:12:39,200 --> 00:12:41,680 Speaker 1: Wallenberg is now in charge of this company's European operations, 253 00:12:41,679 --> 00:12:43,680 Speaker 1: and he starts spending a lot of time in Budapest, 254 00:12:43,720 --> 00:12:45,720 Speaker 1: which is kind of where they're centered. He fell in 255 00:12:45,720 --> 00:12:47,320 Speaker 1: love with the city, which is an easy thing to 256 00:12:47,440 --> 00:12:51,880 Speaker 1: do hud beautiful beauty. One of the prettiest cities to 257 00:12:51,920 --> 00:12:55,120 Speaker 1: see from water that I've ever ye lovely place. Now. 258 00:12:55,200 --> 00:12:57,839 Speaker 1: Hungary was an ally of Nazi Germany at the time. 259 00:12:58,040 --> 00:13:00,040 Speaker 1: Hungarians have kind of a history of being on the 260 00:13:00,120 --> 00:13:05,080 Speaker 1: wrong side of any given conflict ideologically, but especially fried food. 261 00:13:05,280 --> 00:13:10,360 Speaker 1: Oh my god, oh man, I had some of the best. 262 00:13:10,920 --> 00:13:13,200 Speaker 1: It was a brick of bacon, like the size of 263 00:13:13,200 --> 00:13:17,160 Speaker 1: an actual building brick that was all like the consistency 264 00:13:17,160 --> 00:13:19,120 Speaker 1: of a cheetoh all the way through. It was so fried, 265 00:13:19,280 --> 00:13:22,800 Speaker 1: so good, so good at fried food, and Hungary pretty 266 00:13:22,840 --> 00:13:26,800 Speaker 1: good at beer, but on the wrong side of your diet. Well, yeah, 267 00:13:27,679 --> 00:13:32,160 Speaker 1: fried bacon in World War two and of World War One, 268 00:13:32,920 --> 00:13:35,000 Speaker 1: one day, you know, one day, a lot of rough 269 00:13:35,040 --> 00:13:39,640 Speaker 1: decisions made me tieth century just fry it. They've benefited 270 00:13:39,679 --> 00:13:42,960 Speaker 1: the most from like Germany, just because of how nobody 271 00:13:43,000 --> 00:13:45,440 Speaker 1: thinks about what the Hungarians did during that war anymore, 272 00:13:45,480 --> 00:13:47,800 Speaker 1: because like they're right next to Germany, and oh boy, 273 00:13:48,160 --> 00:13:51,480 Speaker 1: got washed away by all that, by all the German behavior. 274 00:13:51,720 --> 00:13:53,440 Speaker 1: I guess we just let them take the blame for 275 00:13:53,480 --> 00:13:56,439 Speaker 1: this one and start walk away whistling. Well, no one 276 00:13:56,480 --> 00:14:02,480 Speaker 1: saw us. We were really there. They were definitely there. Yeah, 277 00:14:02,600 --> 00:14:04,880 Speaker 1: Hungary was an ally of Nazi Germany. It's soldiers fought 278 00:14:04,880 --> 00:14:06,880 Speaker 1: and died in Russia alongside the men of the Rmacht, 279 00:14:07,120 --> 00:14:08,880 Speaker 1: but it was not officially part of the Third Reich. 280 00:14:09,240 --> 00:14:12,040 Speaker 1: Hungarian Jews were forced to wear yellow stars wherever they went, 281 00:14:12,120 --> 00:14:15,160 Speaker 1: just like German Jews um, but they were not sent 282 00:14:15,200 --> 00:14:18,640 Speaker 1: to concentration camps, at least not initially. Admiral Miklos Horthy, 283 00:14:18,720 --> 00:14:22,240 Speaker 1: Hungary's leader, was not a good guy, but he was 284 00:14:22,400 --> 00:14:25,280 Speaker 1: a better dude to having charge than say Hitler if 285 00:14:25,320 --> 00:14:28,000 Speaker 1: you happen to be Jewish, which is a low bar, 286 00:14:29,160 --> 00:14:32,040 Speaker 1: very low bar. But he was not Hitler. So by 287 00:14:32,040 --> 00:14:35,200 Speaker 1: early nineteen four, hungary seven hundred Thousandish Jews were probably 288 00:14:35,240 --> 00:14:38,120 Speaker 1: the most intact Jewish community in Europe. With the war 289 00:14:38,160 --> 00:14:40,760 Speaker 1: turning against them, the Nazi high command decided in essence 290 00:14:40,760 --> 00:14:42,720 Speaker 1: that if they couldn't win the war against the Allies, 291 00:14:42,960 --> 00:14:45,200 Speaker 1: they might at least win their war against the Jews, 292 00:14:45,280 --> 00:14:47,440 Speaker 1: which is very much how they viewed it now. Admiral 293 00:14:47,440 --> 00:14:49,880 Speaker 1: Harthy was not a total fool. It had become clear 294 00:14:49,920 --> 00:14:52,560 Speaker 1: as a bell by nineteen forty four that Germans were 295 00:14:52,560 --> 00:14:54,640 Speaker 1: not going to win this war. He tried to pull 296 00:14:54,680 --> 00:14:56,240 Speaker 1: his country out of the war and out of its 297 00:14:56,240 --> 00:15:01,760 Speaker 1: alliance with Germany. But Hitler was like, n Hitler, I'm Hitler. 298 00:15:02,320 --> 00:15:06,400 Speaker 1: You may have heard of me. Yeah, yeah, we've both 299 00:15:06,400 --> 00:15:09,560 Speaker 1: heard of Hitler. We've all heard of Hitler. The Vermacht 300 00:15:09,560 --> 00:15:12,920 Speaker 1: occupied Hungary on March nineteenth, and Horthy was basically ordered 301 00:15:12,920 --> 00:15:15,200 Speaker 1: to put a bunch of Hungarian Nazi types in charge 302 00:15:15,200 --> 00:15:17,080 Speaker 1: of the country. So he wasn't removed from power at 303 00:15:17,080 --> 00:15:19,160 Speaker 1: this point, but he was told, like, you didn't do 304 00:15:19,160 --> 00:15:22,120 Speaker 1: a nothing, dog, and you better throw some people that 305 00:15:22,200 --> 00:15:25,640 Speaker 1: we like in charge. So once the Nazis were in charge, 306 00:15:25,680 --> 00:15:29,840 Speaker 1: the Nazis did what Nazis do, exterminate Jewish people. By 307 00:15:29,960 --> 00:15:33,040 Speaker 1: July they had deported around four hundred and forty thousand Jews, 308 00:15:33,040 --> 00:15:35,920 Speaker 1: and this was the rapidest deportation and elimination of a 309 00:15:35,960 --> 00:15:38,000 Speaker 1: Jewish population Europe. But then a couple of weeks they 310 00:15:38,120 --> 00:15:40,880 Speaker 1: deported like four hundred something thousand people, most of them 311 00:15:40,880 --> 00:15:43,280 Speaker 1: wound up in Auschwitz, were three hundred and twenty thousand 312 00:15:43,280 --> 00:15:47,240 Speaker 1: of them were exterminated upon arrival. Inter The US government 313 00:15:47,680 --> 00:15:51,720 Speaker 1: kind of belatedly took a couple of years a million deaths. 314 00:15:52,120 --> 00:15:54,600 Speaker 1: But while up until this point the United States is 315 00:15:54,640 --> 00:15:57,000 Speaker 1: a reaction to the Holocaust could best be described as 316 00:15:57,040 --> 00:16:00,600 Speaker 1: piss poor, the Roosevelt administration finally decided to do something 317 00:16:01,160 --> 00:16:04,520 Speaker 1: about this thing. We don't have a word for yet 318 00:16:04,560 --> 00:16:07,200 Speaker 1: because the word genocide wasn't point until after this point, 319 00:16:07,240 --> 00:16:12,080 Speaker 1: but they decided to do something. Murder, murder, rampage, yeah, yeah. 320 00:16:12,400 --> 00:16:15,000 Speaker 1: They sent a guy named Iver Olsen to Stockholm as 321 00:16:15,040 --> 00:16:19,640 Speaker 1: the official representative of the War Refugee Board or w RB. Now. 322 00:16:19,640 --> 00:16:21,640 Speaker 1: Olsen's task was to find someone who could speak both 323 00:16:21,680 --> 00:16:23,960 Speaker 1: Hungarian and German and was willing to travel into one 324 00:16:23,960 --> 00:16:25,720 Speaker 1: of the deadliest parts of the world as the Reichs 325 00:16:25,760 --> 00:16:28,600 Speaker 1: slowly collapsed and try to rescue Jews from Hitler's death machine. 326 00:16:28,960 --> 00:16:31,760 Speaker 1: Olsen met Kalman Lauer, and Lauer recommended his friend Raoul 327 00:16:31,800 --> 00:16:35,480 Speaker 1: Wallenberg for the job. Wallenberg instantly agreed. He traveled to 328 00:16:35,520 --> 00:16:39,560 Speaker 1: Budapest in July ninety four as officially the secretary for 329 00:16:39,600 --> 00:16:42,640 Speaker 1: the Swedish Embassy in Budapest. So we're going to talk 330 00:16:42,680 --> 00:16:45,920 Speaker 1: about what he did in Budapest. But first, do you 331 00:16:45,960 --> 00:16:52,160 Speaker 1: like products? Are you a fan of services? Well, that's 332 00:16:52,640 --> 00:17:03,920 Speaker 1: what we're that's about ends and we're back. We're talking 333 00:17:03,960 --> 00:17:07,840 Speaker 1: about not a bastard today, the opposite of a bastard hero. 334 00:17:08,440 --> 00:17:11,520 Speaker 1: Uh And yeah, So when we last left off, Wallenberg 335 00:17:11,600 --> 00:17:13,879 Speaker 1: had just sort of made it to Budapest as a 336 00:17:13,920 --> 00:17:16,399 Speaker 1: secretary with the Swedish embassy. But that job title was 337 00:17:16,480 --> 00:17:20,480 Speaker 1: essentially nonsense. Wallenberg had a pretty open sort of mandate 338 00:17:20,480 --> 00:17:22,600 Speaker 1: to just try to save people's lives, and they've given 339 00:17:22,680 --> 00:17:25,240 Speaker 1: him just a job, so that he was technically attached 340 00:17:25,240 --> 00:17:27,959 Speaker 1: to the embassy, right and but was he almost just 341 00:17:28,000 --> 00:17:30,840 Speaker 1: like on a secret mission. Yeah, yeah, that's exactly what 342 00:17:30,920 --> 00:17:34,600 Speaker 1: was happening. Uh So, Wallenberg's one condition for taking this 343 00:17:34,680 --> 00:17:36,399 Speaker 1: job was that he have full permission to do his 344 00:17:36,440 --> 00:17:39,600 Speaker 1: work without contacting the ambassador or any other government officials 345 00:17:39,600 --> 00:17:42,520 Speaker 1: for permission about anything. Basically, he was like, I want 346 00:17:42,560 --> 00:17:44,159 Speaker 1: to be a loose cannon diplomat. He doesn't have to 347 00:17:44,160 --> 00:17:47,320 Speaker 1: play by anybody's rules but his own. And this rarely 348 00:17:47,400 --> 00:17:51,199 Speaker 1: happens in government. But they were like, sure, kind of 349 00:17:51,240 --> 00:17:54,239 Speaker 1: a weird time. It is a weird time. Why not, 350 00:17:54,680 --> 00:17:57,560 Speaker 1: ye can't make the situation worse. Have you guys seen 351 00:17:57,560 --> 00:18:01,920 Speaker 1: what's happening out there? Late July? The only intact Jewish 352 00:18:01,960 --> 00:18:05,240 Speaker 1: community left in Hungary was the Jewish ghetto in Budapest. Now, 353 00:18:05,280 --> 00:18:08,080 Speaker 1: before the Nazis could depourt and exterminate all of them too, 354 00:18:08,400 --> 00:18:11,280 Speaker 1: Admiral Horthy ordered a halt to the deportations, and again 355 00:18:11,480 --> 00:18:13,040 Speaker 1: not because he was a great guy, but because he 356 00:18:13,080 --> 00:18:16,000 Speaker 1: was like, they're definitely going to lose the war, and 357 00:18:16,080 --> 00:18:17,800 Speaker 1: I want to be the guy who tried to stop 358 00:18:17,880 --> 00:18:21,360 Speaker 1: the mass murdering, so maybe I don't get hung Yeah, yeah, 359 00:18:21,400 --> 00:18:24,360 Speaker 1: he's an opportunist. He's an opportunist. I mean, you get 360 00:18:24,359 --> 00:18:27,200 Speaker 1: credit for trying to stop the Nazis from killing Jewish people, 361 00:18:27,240 --> 00:18:30,480 Speaker 1: for sure, glad he did that. But again, Horthy's a 362 00:18:30,520 --> 00:18:33,679 Speaker 1: complicated figure in expe, we'll say that. So his his 363 00:18:33,720 --> 00:18:35,360 Speaker 1: halt held for a few months, but it was clear 364 00:18:35,359 --> 00:18:37,240 Speaker 1: to everyone that eventually the Nazis were going to push 365 00:18:37,240 --> 00:18:39,760 Speaker 1: back again, because it's kind of what Nazis do. Wallenberg 366 00:18:39,840 --> 00:18:42,119 Speaker 1: began to focus his efforts on protecting the Jews and 367 00:18:42,160 --> 00:18:44,200 Speaker 1: his care from being arrested or attacked in the hopes 368 00:18:44,240 --> 00:18:46,320 Speaker 1: that the Jewish community in Budapest would just be able 369 00:18:46,320 --> 00:18:47,720 Speaker 1: to sort of wait out the end of the war. 370 00:18:47,800 --> 00:18:50,040 Speaker 1: So he was kind of playing for time. Raoul opened 371 00:18:50,080 --> 00:18:52,879 Speaker 1: a diplomatic office in Budapest. He hired four hundred Jewish 372 00:18:52,880 --> 00:18:54,800 Speaker 1: people to staff it. He didn't pay them because he 373 00:18:54,840 --> 00:18:56,760 Speaker 1: didn't we have the money to do that. But that 374 00:18:56,800 --> 00:18:59,159 Speaker 1: wasn't the point. As embassy employees, these Jews would be 375 00:18:59,200 --> 00:19:02,600 Speaker 1: protected against deep pitation. Wallenberg ordered his men to remove 376 00:19:02,600 --> 00:19:05,000 Speaker 1: their yellow stars. He told them, you are now under 377 00:19:05,000 --> 00:19:08,840 Speaker 1: Swedish diplomatic protection. So this remains the only truly justified 378 00:19:08,840 --> 00:19:12,639 Speaker 1: example of an unpaid internship in history. Yeah. Yeah, so 379 00:19:13,040 --> 00:19:15,399 Speaker 1: it was done well once. Let's just say this is 380 00:19:15,400 --> 00:19:18,160 Speaker 1: gonna save your life. Let's just say you work without 381 00:19:18,240 --> 00:19:21,640 Speaker 1: pay and so that we you can't get deported. That's 382 00:19:21,680 --> 00:19:24,760 Speaker 1: that's cool with everybody. Yeah. His next move was to 383 00:19:24,800 --> 00:19:27,800 Speaker 1: start issuing a new type of Swedish passport, shoots pass. 384 00:19:28,160 --> 00:19:30,240 Speaker 1: The government gave him the authority to print fiftud of 385 00:19:30,280 --> 00:19:32,280 Speaker 1: these passes, and he lobbied to increase that number to 386 00:19:32,320 --> 00:19:35,080 Speaker 1: forty and eventually just started printing the Mountain hand them 387 00:19:35,080 --> 00:19:39,040 Speaker 1: ount like hotcakes without permission. Yeah. Wallenberg designed these protective 388 00:19:39,040 --> 00:19:41,280 Speaker 1: passes himself, because again he was an artist. He knew 389 00:19:41,320 --> 00:19:44,960 Speaker 1: German and Hungarian fascists, like all fascists were unduly impressed 390 00:19:44,960 --> 00:19:48,520 Speaker 1: by colorful government documents with impressive symbols on them, Wallenberg 391 00:19:48,520 --> 00:19:50,720 Speaker 1: printed his protective passes and yellow and blue with a 392 00:19:50,720 --> 00:19:52,800 Speaker 1: garish coat of arms that included the three crowns of 393 00:19:52,800 --> 00:19:55,560 Speaker 1: Sweden in the middle. They were covered with stamps and signatures, 394 00:19:55,600 --> 00:19:57,600 Speaker 1: all of which were just nonsense. Just he just knew 395 00:19:57,600 --> 00:20:00,879 Speaker 1: that it made it look more legit. But like, whoa 396 00:20:03,480 --> 00:20:07,600 Speaker 1: on this motherfucker. Alright, alright, I guess we're not committing 397 00:20:07,640 --> 00:20:12,440 Speaker 1: genocide today. Did you see the stamps. It's just really 398 00:20:12,520 --> 00:20:15,600 Speaker 1: ridiculous that it worked, because the Shoots pass was more 399 00:20:15,680 --> 00:20:17,480 Speaker 1: or less alive. But it was a lie that worked. 400 00:20:17,520 --> 00:20:19,000 Speaker 1: By the end of the war, it's possible that he 401 00:20:19,040 --> 00:20:21,280 Speaker 1: issued as many as twenty thousand of them, which means 402 00:20:21,280 --> 00:20:24,439 Speaker 1: twenty human lives were saved by what was, in essence 403 00:20:24,680 --> 00:20:27,840 Speaker 1: a really good set of doodles in bullshit. But it worked. 404 00:20:28,000 --> 00:20:31,160 Speaker 1: Oscar Schindler, for some comparison, saved around human lives, which 405 00:20:31,160 --> 00:20:34,399 Speaker 1: is obviously still an immense, almost unthinkable act of heroism. 406 00:20:34,440 --> 00:20:36,679 Speaker 1: But I'm just trying to point out the titanic scale 407 00:20:36,760 --> 00:20:39,359 Speaker 1: of what Walllomberg accomplished, because he's just getting started at 408 00:20:39,359 --> 00:20:42,280 Speaker 1: this point. So one of the reasons Walllomberg was so 409 00:20:42,320 --> 00:20:45,280 Speaker 1: successful is that he had grasped an incredibly important truth 410 00:20:45,320 --> 00:20:47,560 Speaker 1: about law and government, which is that neither of those 411 00:20:47,560 --> 00:20:50,000 Speaker 1: things are real in any meaningful way outside of the 412 00:20:50,000 --> 00:20:52,320 Speaker 1: heads of the people that live within them. The only 413 00:20:52,359 --> 00:20:54,720 Speaker 1: thing that matters is the belief. If people believe something 414 00:20:54,800 --> 00:20:56,520 Speaker 1: is official, if they believe you speak with the might 415 00:20:56,600 --> 00:20:58,800 Speaker 1: of the government, and they'll get in trouble for disobeying you, 416 00:20:59,080 --> 00:21:01,040 Speaker 1: well then you can make them you almost anything. In 417 00:21:01,080 --> 00:21:03,879 Speaker 1: other words, Wallenberg took advantage of the Nazi tendency to 418 00:21:03,960 --> 00:21:06,320 Speaker 1: just follow orders and used it to save lives rather 419 00:21:06,400 --> 00:21:10,280 Speaker 1: than in them. Now uh, the War Refugee Board in 420 00:21:10,320 --> 00:21:13,040 Speaker 1: Swedish government provided Wallenberg with enough funds to rent thirty 421 00:21:13,040 --> 00:21:16,040 Speaker 1: two buildings. He declared them extra territorial buildings, which was 422 00:21:16,080 --> 00:21:19,120 Speaker 1: again not a thing. Uh. He told everyone that these 423 00:21:19,160 --> 00:21:21,840 Speaker 1: buildings were legally covered by Swedish diplomatic community, and he 424 00:21:21,840 --> 00:21:24,199 Speaker 1: told this lie so forcefully that it wasn't questioned. The 425 00:21:24,200 --> 00:21:26,200 Speaker 1: buildings he rented were built to hold less than five 426 00:21:26,240 --> 00:21:29,680 Speaker 1: thousand people, but Wallenberg, being a pretty decent architect, remodeled 427 00:21:29,720 --> 00:21:33,000 Speaker 1: them and was able to fit thirty five thousand Jews inside. Yeah. 428 00:21:33,280 --> 00:21:35,440 Speaker 1: He also operated a soup kitchen and a hospital for 429 00:21:35,480 --> 00:21:39,359 Speaker 1: the people in Budapest Jewish ghetto. Uh yeah, he's he's 430 00:21:39,880 --> 00:21:42,760 Speaker 1: hitting with all steam here. A couple of months into 431 00:21:42,800 --> 00:21:47,800 Speaker 1: the job. At this point, on October, the Hungarian Arrow 432 00:21:47,800 --> 00:21:50,800 Speaker 1: Cross movement ceased power into posed Admiral Horthy. Now the 433 00:21:50,880 --> 00:21:54,679 Speaker 1: Arrow Cross was essentially just a Hungarian Nazis you know. Um. 434 00:21:54,760 --> 00:21:56,439 Speaker 1: They were backed by the Germans and acted as an 435 00:21:56,440 --> 00:21:58,840 Speaker 1: even more puppety puppet government than the last one had been. 436 00:21:58,920 --> 00:22:03,280 Speaker 1: The deportations resumed, Wallenberg instantly began confronting trains filled with 437 00:22:03,320 --> 00:22:05,640 Speaker 1: Jews before they could depart for their journey to Auschwitz. 438 00:22:05,920 --> 00:22:08,399 Speaker 1: Sandor Arda, a driver for Wallenberg and member of the 439 00:22:08,480 --> 00:22:13,080 Speaker 1: Jewish Underground, later recalled one such instance quote he climbed 440 00:22:13,160 --> 00:22:14,879 Speaker 1: up on the roof of the train and began handing 441 00:22:14,880 --> 00:22:17,400 Speaker 1: in protective passes through the doors, which were not yet sealed. 442 00:22:17,600 --> 00:22:19,800 Speaker 1: He ignored orders from the Germans for him to get down. 443 00:22:19,880 --> 00:22:22,320 Speaker 1: Then the Arrow crossmen began shooting and shouting at him 444 00:22:22,320 --> 00:22:25,080 Speaker 1: to go away. He ignored them and calmly continued handing 445 00:22:25,080 --> 00:22:27,400 Speaker 1: out passports into the hands that were reaching out for them. 446 00:22:27,600 --> 00:22:30,320 Speaker 1: I believe the arrow crossmen deliberately aimed over his head, 447 00:22:30,320 --> 00:22:32,040 Speaker 1: as not one shot hit him, which would have been 448 00:22:32,040 --> 00:22:34,800 Speaker 1: impossible otherwise. I think this is what they did because 449 00:22:34,800 --> 00:22:37,479 Speaker 1: they were so impressed by his courage. After Wallenberg had 450 00:22:37,480 --> 00:22:39,480 Speaker 1: handed over the last of the passports, he ordered all 451 00:22:39,520 --> 00:22:41,359 Speaker 1: those who had one to leave the train and walked 452 00:22:41,400 --> 00:22:43,879 Speaker 1: to the caravan of cars parked nearby, all marked in 453 00:22:43,920 --> 00:22:46,560 Speaker 1: Swedish colors. I don't remember exactly how many, but he 454 00:22:46,640 --> 00:22:48,760 Speaker 1: saved dozens off that train, and the Germans and arrow 455 00:22:48,800 --> 00:22:51,239 Speaker 1: Cross were so dumbfounded they let him get away with it. 456 00:22:51,680 --> 00:22:55,040 Speaker 1: You would regularly stop trains and just shout at SS 457 00:22:55,080 --> 00:22:57,080 Speaker 1: we even when he didn't have passports, would just brate 458 00:22:57,160 --> 00:22:58,919 Speaker 1: the SS guys in charge of the crowd to let 459 00:22:58,960 --> 00:23:02,800 Speaker 1: whole car loads of people off. Yeah this is There 460 00:23:02,880 --> 00:23:05,160 Speaker 1: was nothing backing him up. He was just going out 461 00:23:05,160 --> 00:23:08,240 Speaker 1: there and being like, these are Swedish citizens, no proof, 462 00:23:08,440 --> 00:23:12,480 Speaker 1: just like just a really good liar and really good 463 00:23:12,520 --> 00:23:15,879 Speaker 1: at bullshitting and pretending. He has the force of the 464 00:23:15,920 --> 00:23:18,480 Speaker 1: power of confidence. It's the power of being a tall 465 00:23:18,520 --> 00:23:21,440 Speaker 1: white guy. But he's like fake it till you make it, 466 00:23:22,240 --> 00:23:27,320 Speaker 1: fake it till you a vertigenicide yeah. Now Nazis being Nazis, 467 00:23:27,359 --> 00:23:30,560 Speaker 1: they did push back against Wallenburg safe houses. On Christmas Eve, 468 00:23:31,640 --> 00:23:33,960 Speaker 1: a bunch of Nazis raided one of Wallenburg safe houses 469 00:23:33,960 --> 00:23:35,840 Speaker 1: and they took hundreds of people out in the middle 470 00:23:35,840 --> 00:23:37,879 Speaker 1: of the night and marched them to the Danube. The 471 00:23:37,960 --> 00:23:40,320 Speaker 1: Nazis tied three people together at a time, shot the 472 00:23:40,320 --> 00:23:41,879 Speaker 1: person in the middle, and then would let the corpse 473 00:23:41,880 --> 00:23:44,000 Speaker 1: pull the other two down under the freezing river. This 474 00:23:44,080 --> 00:23:52,320 Speaker 1: was too safe, bullets, Germans, you know they're Nazis. Uh. 475 00:23:52,320 --> 00:23:54,720 Speaker 1: Wallenberg found out what was going on and he rounded 476 00:23:54,760 --> 00:23:57,000 Speaker 1: up volunteers from his staff, people who could swim, and 477 00:23:57,000 --> 00:23:59,199 Speaker 1: together they jumped into the river and fished out as 478 00:23:59,200 --> 00:24:01,760 Speaker 1: many survivors as they could find, saving fifty or sixty 479 00:24:01,800 --> 00:24:06,200 Speaker 1: people that night. Now they the Arrow Cross had even 480 00:24:06,280 --> 00:24:08,560 Speaker 1: less respect for due process than the last regime it had. 481 00:24:08,600 --> 00:24:10,680 Speaker 1: They took to hunting down and murdering Jews in the street, 482 00:24:10,920 --> 00:24:13,320 Speaker 1: so Wallenberg had to ramp up his rescue operations in 483 00:24:13,400 --> 00:24:16,080 Speaker 1: order to cope. He found aryan looking young Jewish men 484 00:24:16,119 --> 00:24:18,000 Speaker 1: and he put them in Erroo Cross uniforms and had 485 00:24:18,000 --> 00:24:20,879 Speaker 1: them guard as safe houses. He started issuing protective papers 486 00:24:20,880 --> 00:24:23,040 Speaker 1: to everyone and just ignored the fact that the Swedish 487 00:24:23,040 --> 00:24:24,919 Speaker 1: government hadn't actually given them the power to do that. 488 00:24:25,320 --> 00:24:28,280 Speaker 1: When it's funding ranlow, Wallenberg turned to blackmailing local officials 489 00:24:28,280 --> 00:24:30,399 Speaker 1: and businessmen and committing other petty crimes in order to 490 00:24:30,440 --> 00:24:33,760 Speaker 1: finance his rescue operations. At this point, why why not 491 00:24:33,880 --> 00:24:37,879 Speaker 1: fuck it? The world's ending. Yeah yeah. The arrow Cross 492 00:24:37,920 --> 00:24:41,320 Speaker 1: responded by declaring Wallenberg's protective passports to being no longer valid. 493 00:24:41,359 --> 00:24:44,000 Speaker 1: Wallenburg protested to the government and somehow managed to get 494 00:24:44,040 --> 00:24:46,160 Speaker 1: them reinstated, but at the end of the day, Aikman 495 00:24:46,200 --> 00:24:48,240 Speaker 1: and the Nazis who really ran things in Hungary now 496 00:24:48,240 --> 00:24:51,160 Speaker 1: were committed to wiping out the last of that country's Jews. 497 00:24:51,160 --> 00:24:53,760 Speaker 1: By the winter of nineteen four, the Russians had advanced 498 00:24:53,840 --> 00:24:55,560 Speaker 1: enough that the Germans could no longer send Jews to 499 00:24:55,560 --> 00:24:58,600 Speaker 1: Auschwitz on trains. This didn't present a major problem for 500 00:24:58,640 --> 00:25:00,560 Speaker 1: a guy like Aichman, because he's still had the option 501 00:25:00,560 --> 00:25:02,359 Speaker 1: of just forcing the prisoners to go on a one 502 00:25:02,560 --> 00:25:04,840 Speaker 1: d and twenty five mile death march without food or sleep, 503 00:25:05,480 --> 00:25:07,840 Speaker 1: which you know, pretty much kills the same amount of 504 00:25:07,880 --> 00:25:11,440 Speaker 1: people as against Chamber and the European Winter uh tens 505 00:25:11,440 --> 00:25:13,280 Speaker 1: of thousands of Jews were sent off on an enormous 506 00:25:13,320 --> 00:25:16,240 Speaker 1: force march to their doom. Wallenberg gathered up trucks, food 507 00:25:16,240 --> 00:25:18,680 Speaker 1: and medical supplies. He traveled along the road of march 508 00:25:18,760 --> 00:25:20,679 Speaker 1: and handed them out, trying to give the marchers the 509 00:25:20,680 --> 00:25:23,080 Speaker 1: best odds of survival possible, and when he could, he 510 00:25:23,080 --> 00:25:25,439 Speaker 1: attempted to abduct some of them. Here's a quote from 511 00:25:25,440 --> 00:25:28,680 Speaker 1: the book Wallenberg by Katie Martin. You there, the Swede 512 00:25:28,720 --> 00:25:30,760 Speaker 1: pointed to an astonished man waiting for his turn to 513 00:25:30,760 --> 00:25:33,199 Speaker 1: be handed over to the executioner. Give me your Swedish 514 00:25:33,240 --> 00:25:35,240 Speaker 1: passport and getting that line, he barked, and you get 515 00:25:35,240 --> 00:25:37,480 Speaker 1: behind him. I know I issued you a passport. Walloenberg 516 00:25:37,520 --> 00:25:40,399 Speaker 1: continued moving fast, talking loud, hoping the authority in his 517 00:25:40,480 --> 00:25:43,119 Speaker 1: voice would somewhat rub off on these defeated people. The 518 00:25:43,200 --> 00:25:45,560 Speaker 1: Jews finally caught on. They started groping in pockets for 519 00:25:45,560 --> 00:25:48,440 Speaker 1: bits of identification. A driver's license or birth certificates seemed 520 00:25:48,440 --> 00:25:50,359 Speaker 1: to do the trick. The Swede was grabbing them so 521 00:25:50,440 --> 00:25:53,240 Speaker 1: fast the Nazis, who couldn't read Hungarian anyway, didn't seem 522 00:25:53,280 --> 00:25:56,320 Speaker 1: to be checking faster. Wallenberg's eyes urged them faster. Before 523 00:25:56,320 --> 00:25:58,359 Speaker 1: the game is up In minutes, he had several hundred 524 00:25:58,359 --> 00:26:01,119 Speaker 1: people in his convoy. International Red Cross trucks there at 525 00:26:01,119 --> 00:26:04,600 Speaker 1: Wallenburg's behest arrived and the Jews clambered on. Wallenberg jumped 526 00:26:04,600 --> 00:26:06,200 Speaker 1: into his own car. He leaned out of the car 527 00:26:06,200 --> 00:26:08,439 Speaker 1: window and whispered, I am sorry to the people he 528 00:26:08,480 --> 00:26:10,439 Speaker 1: was leaving behind. I am trying to take the youngest 529 00:26:10,440 --> 00:26:14,639 Speaker 1: ones first, he explained, I want to save a nation. Wow, yeah, 530 00:26:15,000 --> 00:26:17,600 Speaker 1: that's wild. This is an act of pure balls. Wallenberg 531 00:26:17,680 --> 00:26:19,480 Speaker 1: had no legal basis for what he was doing, but 532 00:26:19,520 --> 00:26:21,760 Speaker 1: he knew something important about fascists, which is that they 533 00:26:21,800 --> 00:26:24,920 Speaker 1: respond to confident leadership. It's kind of their only thing. 534 00:26:25,000 --> 00:26:27,560 Speaker 1: They'll do whatever a loud and certain person tells him 535 00:26:27,560 --> 00:26:31,240 Speaker 1: to do. That's so cool, yeah, he just, Oh, this 536 00:26:31,280 --> 00:26:34,560 Speaker 1: is how naz fine. They just want a confident guy 537 00:26:34,560 --> 00:26:39,639 Speaker 1: to yell at. Yeah. Saving people grew to become an 538 00:26:39,680 --> 00:26:42,879 Speaker 1: all consuming obsession for Raoul. Before he traveled to Budapest, 539 00:26:42,920 --> 00:26:44,920 Speaker 1: he had confided in a friend that his nightmare would 540 00:26:44,960 --> 00:26:47,200 Speaker 1: be to return to Stockholm, knowing that he hadn't done 541 00:26:47,240 --> 00:26:49,640 Speaker 1: absolutely everything in his power to save as many Jews 542 00:26:49,680 --> 00:26:52,800 Speaker 1: as possible. So while he was in Budapest, Walloenberg slept 543 00:26:52,880 --> 00:26:55,160 Speaker 1: just four hours a night at most. He was constantly 544 00:26:55,160 --> 00:26:57,560 Speaker 1: in motion while he was awake. This was necessary because 545 00:26:57,600 --> 00:27:00,280 Speaker 1: the fascists were always moving. To Tommy laugh that, a 546 00:27:00,280 --> 00:27:02,360 Speaker 1: thirteen year old who lived in one of Wallenberg's safe 547 00:27:02,400 --> 00:27:05,680 Speaker 1: houses recalled this. One morning, a group of these Hungarian 548 00:27:05,720 --> 00:27:07,679 Speaker 1: fascists came into the house and said that all the 549 00:27:07,680 --> 00:27:10,000 Speaker 1: able bodied women must go with them. We knew what 550 00:27:10,040 --> 00:27:12,159 Speaker 1: this meant. My mother kissed me, and I cried, and 551 00:27:12,200 --> 00:27:14,080 Speaker 1: she cried. We knew we were parting forever. And she 552 00:27:14,160 --> 00:27:16,880 Speaker 1: left me there an orphan tall intents and purposes. Then 553 00:27:16,960 --> 00:27:19,320 Speaker 1: two or three hours later, to my amazement, my mother 554 00:27:19,359 --> 00:27:21,680 Speaker 1: returned with the other women. It seemed like a mirage, 555 00:27:21,800 --> 00:27:24,240 Speaker 1: a miracle. My mother was there, she was alive, and 556 00:27:24,280 --> 00:27:26,000 Speaker 1: she was hugging me and kissing me, and she said 557 00:27:26,040 --> 00:27:29,200 Speaker 1: one word Wallenberg. I knew who she meant, because Wallenberg 558 00:27:29,240 --> 00:27:31,320 Speaker 1: was a legend among the Jews. In a complete and 559 00:27:31,359 --> 00:27:33,359 Speaker 1: total hell in which we lived, there was a savior 560 00:27:33,400 --> 00:27:36,639 Speaker 1: angel somewhere moving around. After she had composed herself, my 561 00:27:36,680 --> 00:27:38,720 Speaker 1: mother told me they were being taken to the river 562 00:27:38,760 --> 00:27:41,280 Speaker 1: when a car arrived and outstepped Wallenberg, and they knew 563 00:27:41,280 --> 00:27:43,320 Speaker 1: immediately who it was, because there was only one such 564 00:27:43,359 --> 00:27:45,240 Speaker 1: person in the world. He went up to the Arrow 565 00:27:45,280 --> 00:27:47,480 Speaker 1: Cross leader and protested that the women were there under 566 00:27:47,520 --> 00:27:49,919 Speaker 1: his protection. They argued with him, but he must have 567 00:27:49,920 --> 00:27:52,760 Speaker 1: had incredible charisma, some great personal authority, because there was 568 00:27:52,800 --> 00:27:55,520 Speaker 1: absolutely nothing behind him, nothing to back him up. He 569 00:27:55,520 --> 00:27:58,040 Speaker 1: stood out there in the street, probably feeling the loneliest 570 00:27:58,040 --> 00:27:59,760 Speaker 1: man in the world, trying to pretend that there was 571 00:27:59,800 --> 00:28:01,840 Speaker 1: some behind him. They could have shot him then and 572 00:28:01,880 --> 00:28:04,280 Speaker 1: there in the street and nobody would have known about it. Instead, 573 00:28:04,320 --> 00:28:07,199 Speaker 1: they were lented and let the women go. Oh. He 574 00:28:07,480 --> 00:28:10,600 Speaker 1: just kept screaming at He just kept screaming at him 575 00:28:10,640 --> 00:28:14,560 Speaker 1: until he saved hundreds of people. Yeah, that's crazy, Jesus, 576 00:28:14,600 --> 00:28:18,959 Speaker 1: this man, this guy, right, he's hell of it. It's 577 00:28:18,960 --> 00:28:22,240 Speaker 1: almost like a folk hero. Wallenberg became famous among the 578 00:28:22,320 --> 00:28:25,720 Speaker 1: Nazis as well. Aikman called him juw Dog Wallenberg because 579 00:28:26,040 --> 00:28:30,639 Speaker 1: Nazis are not very creative at all. That doesn't sound 580 00:28:30,680 --> 00:28:35,119 Speaker 1: like ro ro Juel, like if if I'm trying to 581 00:28:35,200 --> 00:28:39,680 Speaker 1: do that, I'm just saying like there's other yea Aikman. 582 00:28:40,240 --> 00:28:43,040 Speaker 1: They harassed him regularly, and the Nazis even blew up 583 00:28:43,040 --> 00:28:44,560 Speaker 1: his car. At one point he took to sleeping in 584 00:28:44,600 --> 00:28:48,440 Speaker 1: different houses every night in order to avoid assassination. Dawnt. 585 00:28:48,480 --> 00:28:50,959 Speaker 1: The Soviet war machine was closing in on Budapest. There 586 00:28:50,960 --> 00:28:53,240 Speaker 1: were only a hundred thousand or so Jews left alive 587 00:28:53,240 --> 00:28:56,120 Speaker 1: in the Budapest ghetto. Aikeman ordered five D S. S. 588 00:28:56,160 --> 00:28:58,400 Speaker 1: Troops and even more Arrow Cross soldiers to ring the 589 00:28:58,400 --> 00:29:00,560 Speaker 1: ghetto and prepare for what would have been the largest 590 00:29:00,560 --> 00:29:04,040 Speaker 1: gun based massacre of World War two. Now, for a 591 00:29:04,040 --> 00:29:07,480 Speaker 1: little bit of historical perspective, the largest I think gun 592 00:29:07,480 --> 00:29:10,400 Speaker 1: based massacre of the war was the Bobby Yard massacre, 593 00:29:10,440 --> 00:29:12,880 Speaker 1: which I think was one been forty two with the 594 00:29:12,960 --> 00:29:15,400 Speaker 1: innsets grouping unit shot like thirty thou people when they 595 00:29:15,480 --> 00:29:17,480 Speaker 1: line a bunch of people up and then just yeah, 596 00:29:17,600 --> 00:29:19,600 Speaker 1: and they actually had they stopped doing that in favor 597 00:29:19,640 --> 00:29:21,440 Speaker 1: of the gas chambers because like so many of those 598 00:29:21,440 --> 00:29:23,920 Speaker 1: guys went up killing themselves and becoming alcohol excuse that 599 00:29:23,960 --> 00:29:28,160 Speaker 1: you just can't have people do that. It's hard, it's hard, 600 00:29:28,360 --> 00:29:32,360 Speaker 1: it's hard. Fu off off. Now. So yeah, that was 601 00:29:32,440 --> 00:29:35,080 Speaker 1: the plan, and these guys, you know, at this point 602 00:29:35,160 --> 00:29:37,800 Speaker 1: in nineteen forty five year an S. S. Trooper in Budapest. 603 00:29:38,040 --> 00:29:40,480 Speaker 1: Number one, you're probably were wounded fighting the Russians, which 604 00:29:40,480 --> 00:29:42,160 Speaker 1: is why you're in a place like Budapest. So these 605 00:29:42,160 --> 00:29:45,440 Speaker 1: were hard sons of bitches. Uh probably who would have 606 00:29:45,480 --> 00:29:47,000 Speaker 1: been you know, they would have had to be to 607 00:29:47,000 --> 00:29:49,440 Speaker 1: be capable of massacring a hundred thousand people. But that's 608 00:29:49,480 --> 00:29:51,880 Speaker 1: the situation that we're in in ninety five, and we 609 00:29:51,920 --> 00:30:05,520 Speaker 1: will talk about what happens next after somes and we're back. Boy, howdy, 610 00:30:05,760 --> 00:30:09,080 Speaker 1: I do love ads, boy howdy. So we were talking 611 00:30:09,160 --> 00:30:11,600 Speaker 1: about how the Nazis were going to massacre a hundred 612 00:30:11,600 --> 00:30:13,840 Speaker 1: thousand people by shooting them to death in the Budapest ghetto. 613 00:30:14,880 --> 00:30:19,160 Speaker 1: Oh the joy, the joy. We're talking about the ads. Yeah, 614 00:30:19,840 --> 00:30:22,440 Speaker 1: Now about Wallenberg coming to hopefully saved them at the 615 00:30:22,480 --> 00:30:25,520 Speaker 1: last second. Yep, yep ye. So Aikman had ordered this massacre, 616 00:30:25,600 --> 00:30:26,960 Speaker 1: but he was not there in person because he was 617 00:30:27,040 --> 00:30:29,560 Speaker 1: trying to escape Nazi Germany, which he did for a while. 618 00:30:30,360 --> 00:30:32,480 Speaker 1: So the task of murdering all these people went to 619 00:30:32,640 --> 00:30:36,160 Speaker 1: s S General August Schmidt Duber. Now Wallenberg caught onto 620 00:30:36,200 --> 00:30:38,240 Speaker 1: the plan and he went straight to schmid Duber's office. 621 00:30:38,480 --> 00:30:41,040 Speaker 1: He promised the man that if anything happened to the ghetto. 622 00:30:41,080 --> 00:30:43,040 Speaker 1: He would make it his business to ensure the general 623 00:30:43,080 --> 00:30:45,520 Speaker 1: was found personally responsible for the massacre and hanged for 624 00:30:45,520 --> 00:30:48,800 Speaker 1: crimes against humanity. This was pure bluff, but it worked. 625 00:30:48,920 --> 00:30:51,680 Speaker 1: Schmidt Duber called off the massacre. Look, man, I don't 626 00:30:51,720 --> 00:30:53,720 Speaker 1: want to have to get you hung. I don't want 627 00:30:53,720 --> 00:30:55,840 Speaker 1: to get you in trouble, buddy. It's like, what are 628 00:30:55,880 --> 00:30:58,360 Speaker 1: you talking about. He's like, you know you're gonna get 629 00:30:58,360 --> 00:31:00,440 Speaker 1: in trouble. I don't know. Let him go. I'll get 630 00:31:00,480 --> 00:31:02,800 Speaker 1: your trouble with some sort of international legal committee that 631 00:31:02,840 --> 00:31:07,480 Speaker 1: doesn't exist right now. The Soviets took Budapest later in January, 632 00:31:07,560 --> 00:31:09,720 Speaker 1: and that should have been the start of Wallenberg's happy ending, 633 00:31:09,800 --> 00:31:12,840 Speaker 1: but rules contact with the American government led the Soviets 634 00:31:12,880 --> 00:31:15,000 Speaker 1: to suspect he was some sort of spy because I 635 00:31:15,040 --> 00:31:17,760 Speaker 1: ever Olson, the guy who had hired him and worked 636 00:31:17,760 --> 00:31:20,080 Speaker 1: for the War refug Board, also worked for the oss 637 00:31:20,440 --> 00:31:23,640 Speaker 1: UM and well, the USSR was not nearly as anti 638 00:31:23,640 --> 00:31:26,280 Speaker 1: Semitic as the Nazis, and they're still pretty anti semitic. 639 00:31:26,440 --> 00:31:28,320 Speaker 1: And one of the things that you read about the 640 00:31:28,320 --> 00:31:31,160 Speaker 1: guys who found Wallenberg in there and why they found 641 00:31:31,240 --> 00:31:33,520 Speaker 1: him suspicious is they could not wrap their hands around 642 00:31:33,560 --> 00:31:36,160 Speaker 1: the idea of a guy doing everything that Wallenberg had 643 00:31:36,160 --> 00:31:38,560 Speaker 1: done just to save Jewish people. They're like, there's gotta 644 00:31:38,600 --> 00:31:40,160 Speaker 1: be he's gotta be some sort of a weird spy. 645 00:31:40,360 --> 00:31:43,040 Speaker 1: What's going on here? Yeah, there's no way this man 646 00:31:43,120 --> 00:31:45,000 Speaker 1: just has goodness of the heart. Yeah, there's the way 647 00:31:45,000 --> 00:31:48,280 Speaker 1: that man just wants to save human lives. So Rao 648 00:31:48,480 --> 00:31:51,480 Speaker 1: was arrested and we don't really know what happened to him. 649 00:31:52,120 --> 00:31:54,400 Speaker 1: The most likely story is that he died sometime in 650 00:31:54,400 --> 00:31:59,000 Speaker 1: the nineteen fifties in the KGB's infamous Lubyanka prison. Yeah, 651 00:31:59,000 --> 00:32:01,920 Speaker 1: it's fucked up right. The Swedes were so concerned with 652 00:32:01,960 --> 00:32:04,600 Speaker 1: having good relations with the USSR and staying neutral that 653 00:32:04,640 --> 00:32:06,280 Speaker 1: they took no effort to save the life of a 654 00:32:06,280 --> 00:32:08,840 Speaker 1: man who was a citizen of their country, a government employee, 655 00:32:08,840 --> 00:32:11,680 Speaker 1: and one of the greatest Swedish heroes ever born uh 656 00:32:11,720 --> 00:32:14,280 Speaker 1: In April of nineteen five, the U s State Department 657 00:32:14,320 --> 00:32:17,680 Speaker 1: even offered Sweden for help in asking the Russians about Wallenberg, 658 00:32:17,720 --> 00:32:20,000 Speaker 1: to like pressure them a little bit, and Sweden said no. 659 00:32:20,160 --> 00:32:22,480 Speaker 1: They didn't want to compromise their neutrality by trying to 660 00:32:22,480 --> 00:32:25,400 Speaker 1: save this guy's life. Uh. In nineteen forty six, after 661 00:32:25,480 --> 00:32:27,880 Speaker 1: intense public demand, the Swedish Foreign Minister and went to 662 00:32:27,920 --> 00:32:31,080 Speaker 1: Moscow to ask Joseph Stalin in essence what happened to Wallenberg. 663 00:32:31,360 --> 00:32:33,720 Speaker 1: And he did ask him that, but immediately afterwards he 664 00:32:33,760 --> 00:32:36,120 Speaker 1: said that he personally thought Wallenberg had probably died in 665 00:32:36,160 --> 00:32:39,760 Speaker 1: Budapest and basically gave Stalin an opening, and Stalin took 666 00:32:39,800 --> 00:32:41,760 Speaker 1: the opening and just didn't say this was untrue. So 667 00:32:41,800 --> 00:32:44,320 Speaker 1: that's the line the government went with for a while. Yeah, 668 00:32:45,280 --> 00:32:47,520 Speaker 1: you never give Stalin an opening. You never give Stalin 669 00:32:47,560 --> 00:32:49,800 Speaker 1: an opening, not j Staal. That's what he's gonna is 670 00:32:49,840 --> 00:32:53,200 Speaker 1: what he's gonna do. So in nineteen fifty seven, after 671 00:32:53,200 --> 00:32:56,200 Speaker 1: Stalin's death, the Soviet Union finally admitted that Wallenberg had 672 00:32:56,200 --> 00:32:58,120 Speaker 1: in fact survived the war. They said he died of 673 00:32:58,160 --> 00:33:00,880 Speaker 1: a heart attack in captivity in nineteen forty eight. This 674 00:33:00,960 --> 00:33:03,640 Speaker 1: remained the Russian government's official stance until well after the 675 00:33:03,720 --> 00:33:05,920 Speaker 1: end of the Cold War. We still don't really know 676 00:33:05,960 --> 00:33:07,840 Speaker 1: what happened to Raoul, although it's safe to say the 677 00:33:07,920 --> 00:33:10,760 Speaker 1: Russian government imprisoned, probably tortured in one way or the other, 678 00:33:10,840 --> 00:33:14,560 Speaker 1: definitely murdered him uh now at the end of World 679 00:33:14,560 --> 00:33:17,360 Speaker 1: War Two was a chaotic time. Estimates very wildly on 680 00:33:17,400 --> 00:33:20,240 Speaker 1: how many lives Wallomberg saved. The most common estimate is 681 00:33:20,240 --> 00:33:23,320 Speaker 1: a hundred thousand human beings, but it maybe several times 682 00:33:23,360 --> 00:33:25,840 Speaker 1: that many. Because his activities provided a blueprint several other 683 00:33:25,880 --> 00:33:29,200 Speaker 1: embassies used to rescue Jewish people as well. Wallomberg almost 684 00:33:29,200 --> 00:33:31,720 Speaker 1: certainly saved more lives than any other member of the 685 00:33:31,800 --> 00:33:34,520 Speaker 1: righteous among nations, which is sort of a title that 686 00:33:34,600 --> 00:33:37,520 Speaker 1: the Nation of Israel has awarded the non Jews who 687 00:33:37,640 --> 00:33:40,960 Speaker 1: saved Jewish lives during the Holocaust. Nobody saved more people 688 00:33:41,000 --> 00:33:43,959 Speaker 1: than Raoul Wallomberg. And in fact, a hundred thousand lives 689 00:33:44,120 --> 00:33:47,440 Speaker 1: is uh one six of the total number of Jews 690 00:33:47,480 --> 00:33:52,120 Speaker 1: dead in the Holocaust saved by one guy. Wow. Gideon Housner, 691 00:33:52,200 --> 00:33:54,880 Speaker 1: the man who prosecuted Adolf Aikman and later was the 692 00:33:55,000 --> 00:33:58,520 Speaker 1: chairman of Yad Vashan, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center, said 693 00:33:58,560 --> 00:34:01,479 Speaker 1: this about Raoul Wallomberg. Here is a man who had 694 00:34:01,480 --> 00:34:04,400 Speaker 1: the choice of remaining in secure, neutral Sweden when Nazism 695 00:34:04,440 --> 00:34:06,880 Speaker 1: was ruling Europe. Instead, he left this haven and went 696 00:34:06,920 --> 00:34:08,920 Speaker 1: to what was then one of the most perilous places 697 00:34:08,920 --> 00:34:11,920 Speaker 1: in Europe, hungry and for what to save Jews. He 698 00:34:12,000 --> 00:34:13,759 Speaker 1: won his battle, and I feel that in this age 699 00:34:13,760 --> 00:34:15,879 Speaker 1: when there is so little to believe, in, so very 700 00:34:15,920 --> 00:34:17,759 Speaker 1: little on which our young people can pen their hopes 701 00:34:17,760 --> 00:34:19,640 Speaker 1: and ideals, he is a person to show to the 702 00:34:19,680 --> 00:34:22,000 Speaker 1: world who knows so little about him. This is why 703 00:34:22,040 --> 00:34:24,279 Speaker 1: I believe the story of Rold Wallenberg should be told 704 00:34:24,280 --> 00:34:26,879 Speaker 1: in his figure, in all its true proportions, projected into 705 00:34:26,920 --> 00:34:32,920 Speaker 1: human minds. M hm, that's that's the story. Merry Christmas. 706 00:34:32,960 --> 00:34:36,480 Speaker 1: God damn the Russia always everything. Well, I mean, they 707 00:34:36,560 --> 00:34:40,239 Speaker 1: did beat the Nazis, but yeah, and they go and 708 00:34:40,320 --> 00:34:43,600 Speaker 1: take the one man who like basically was out. You're 709 00:34:43,719 --> 00:34:46,239 Speaker 1: screaming at Nazis until they were like, I don't know, 710 00:34:46,360 --> 00:34:49,680 Speaker 1: I'm confused. These voices allowed I guess like the Hungarian 711 00:34:49,760 --> 00:34:51,960 Speaker 1: Jewish community wound up, even though it survived later than 712 00:34:52,000 --> 00:34:53,600 Speaker 1: most of them were, being like one of the most 713 00:34:53,600 --> 00:34:56,360 Speaker 1: completely destroyed Jewish communities in all of Europe, and virtually 714 00:34:56,400 --> 00:34:59,239 Speaker 1: the only Hungarian Jews who survived did so because of 715 00:34:59,239 --> 00:35:02,800 Speaker 1: what burke, Oh my god, hundred thousand lives. Do you 716 00:35:02,800 --> 00:35:04,279 Speaker 1: think they tortured him just to find out who he 717 00:35:04,360 --> 00:35:06,680 Speaker 1: was working for and just wouldn't believe it, would you 718 00:35:06,760 --> 00:35:11,160 Speaker 1: know it could be this nice? Yeah that's crazy to me. Yeah, yeah, 719 00:35:12,000 --> 00:35:14,680 Speaker 1: just a man. What do you think happened to him? 720 00:35:14,719 --> 00:35:17,640 Speaker 1: I think he was probably thrown in a prison, tortured 721 00:35:17,680 --> 00:35:19,239 Speaker 1: for a little while, thrown into a prison. I think 722 00:35:19,239 --> 00:35:21,040 Speaker 1: it's very possible he did die up a heart attack. 723 00:35:21,040 --> 00:35:22,880 Speaker 1: He was on the thirty two when all this happened. 724 00:35:22,920 --> 00:35:24,640 Speaker 1: But you know, you torture somebody for a while and 725 00:35:24,680 --> 00:35:27,000 Speaker 1: you starved them, you know. So he started doing this 726 00:35:27,400 --> 00:35:29,759 Speaker 1: in his early thirty's, just thirty two when he got 727 00:35:29,760 --> 00:35:34,360 Speaker 1: the job thirty two. He's just like, well, you know, yeah, 728 00:35:33,960 --> 00:35:37,360 Speaker 1: a save some lives thirty two with his only professional 729 00:35:37,440 --> 00:35:40,319 Speaker 1: training and architecture, and just was like, all right, I'm 730 00:35:40,320 --> 00:35:42,400 Speaker 1: just gonna go lie until I've saved a hundred thousand 731 00:35:42,440 --> 00:35:46,399 Speaker 1: people and then did it. I imagine at thirty two, 732 00:35:46,400 --> 00:35:50,279 Speaker 1: I will still be doing nothing. Well what I like 733 00:35:50,400 --> 00:35:56,200 Speaker 1: about podcasting? Podcasting? Yeah, yeah, he's a Well that's why 734 00:35:56,239 --> 00:35:59,160 Speaker 1: he's a good person to, uh, to fill people's minds with, 735 00:35:59,280 --> 00:36:01,759 Speaker 1: especially on a show where we otherwise just talk about 736 00:36:01,840 --> 00:36:05,839 Speaker 1: reckless evil and the insane deadliness of human hate. This 737 00:36:05,880 --> 00:36:08,359 Speaker 1: guy who grew up and learned one of the most 738 00:36:08,440 --> 00:36:10,719 Speaker 1: important truths you can learn as a tall white guy, 739 00:36:10,760 --> 00:36:12,839 Speaker 1: which is that there's all it's a superpower. You know, 740 00:36:12,920 --> 00:36:15,360 Speaker 1: if you're a tall white guy and you just balls 741 00:36:15,400 --> 00:36:17,759 Speaker 1: your way into a situation with confidence, nan out of 742 00:36:17,840 --> 00:36:23,200 Speaker 1: ten people will listen to you. Night Nazis, Nazis. I 743 00:36:23,200 --> 00:36:26,280 Speaker 1: don't know, man, I mean, we're supposed to kill these people, 744 00:36:26,360 --> 00:36:28,520 Speaker 1: but look at how tall and white he is, and 745 00:36:28,760 --> 00:36:30,680 Speaker 1: he's got that paper with all the stamps on it. 746 00:36:30,800 --> 00:36:33,279 Speaker 1: I don't know. I guess, I guess we don't kill 747 00:36:33,320 --> 00:36:37,200 Speaker 1: these people. It's crazy. It's wild. Get all the train, 748 00:36:37,239 --> 00:36:39,120 Speaker 1: Get off the train, Get off the train. Look at 749 00:36:39,120 --> 00:36:43,040 Speaker 1: how tall this guys. Get off the train. Yeah, that's amazing. 750 00:36:43,080 --> 00:36:47,200 Speaker 1: That's an amazing story. Yeah, never heard of him. That's wild. 751 00:36:47,360 --> 00:36:51,920 Speaker 1: I don't even I am so upset with the USSR. Yeah, 752 00:36:51,960 --> 00:36:55,480 Speaker 1: it's pretty frustrating. Sweden. Yeah, God, that is so annoying. 753 00:36:55,520 --> 00:36:58,839 Speaker 1: It's like you just the man did so much. It's 754 00:36:59,000 --> 00:37:04,360 Speaker 1: so much in like five or six months, saved a thousand. Sorry, 755 00:37:04,440 --> 00:37:13,080 Speaker 1: we're neutral. Yeah, yeah, so be like Raoul Wallenberg, print 756 00:37:13,120 --> 00:37:16,680 Speaker 1: some fake passports and go save people. Speak loudly. Yeah, 757 00:37:16,880 --> 00:37:20,520 Speaker 1: be tall, do crime, save lives. Yellot fascist, yellot fat, 758 00:37:20,640 --> 00:37:25,120 Speaker 1: yell at fascists, but productively yellot fascists to get them 759 00:37:25,160 --> 00:37:27,160 Speaker 1: to be less fashion. Do you think that would work 760 00:37:27,160 --> 00:37:28,440 Speaker 1: with the alt right? If you just want to just 761 00:37:28,440 --> 00:37:33,040 Speaker 1: spoke loud, like guys, I don't know about this. It's 762 00:37:33,080 --> 00:37:36,400 Speaker 1: worth shop. I don't know. He's talking quite loud. And 763 00:37:37,560 --> 00:37:45,480 Speaker 1: waffle house, yeah, waffle house, yeah, yeah, and just give 764 00:37:45,560 --> 00:37:52,080 Speaker 1: them heart disease through waffle house. Just poison all the waffles. Yeah, 765 00:37:49,280 --> 00:37:56,759 Speaker 1: that's the Budapest way, fry everything. Oh yeah, I do 766 00:37:56,800 --> 00:37:58,680 Speaker 1: want to go back to Hungary. You need more. It's 767 00:37:58,680 --> 00:38:02,080 Speaker 1: actually quite cheap too, yeah, very inexpensive place. Yeah, I 768 00:38:02,120 --> 00:38:04,160 Speaker 1: recommend kind of a dictator in charge. Now, that part 769 00:38:04,239 --> 00:38:07,040 Speaker 1: is not great, isn't. Europe is just like us. They 770 00:38:07,080 --> 00:38:09,200 Speaker 1: go back and forth. The same thing with Poland it's 771 00:38:09,239 --> 00:38:11,920 Speaker 1: happening over there as well. Yeah. Yeah, people have some 772 00:38:12,000 --> 00:38:14,680 Speaker 1: fascism in charge. Forget how bad it went the last time, 773 00:38:15,000 --> 00:38:17,360 Speaker 1: and they're like, what if we try bad again? Yeah, 774 00:38:17,560 --> 00:38:20,920 Speaker 1: maybe not everyone will die this time. Yeah, Well we're 775 00:38:20,960 --> 00:38:23,440 Speaker 1: on a wave. We better hope. There's a couple of 776 00:38:23,440 --> 00:38:26,279 Speaker 1: Wallenberg's waiting in the wings getting their degrees in architecture 777 00:38:26,360 --> 00:38:29,680 Speaker 1: right now, learning how to use their power as tall, 778 00:38:29,840 --> 00:38:33,279 Speaker 1: balding white men to shout the world and do a 779 00:38:33,320 --> 00:38:36,680 Speaker 1: better place I hope. So I need someone to just 780 00:38:36,680 --> 00:38:39,080 Speaker 1: tell me where to go. I know. That's that's why 781 00:38:39,120 --> 00:38:42,279 Speaker 1: it works. Yeah. So this is a great story about 782 00:38:42,280 --> 00:38:44,440 Speaker 1: the power of lives and bullshit to save lives. I 783 00:38:44,520 --> 00:38:46,520 Speaker 1: love that part of it because I'm a big fan 784 00:38:46,560 --> 00:38:50,200 Speaker 1: aalizing bullshite. Great thing to be able to do. Anna 785 00:38:50,880 --> 00:38:55,000 Speaker 1: pluga bless You can listen to my podcast with sharene 786 00:38:55,080 --> 00:38:58,879 Speaker 1: Units called Ethnically Ambiguous on the House Stuff Works Network. Yeah, 787 00:38:58,920 --> 00:39:01,279 Speaker 1: you can follow me on Twitter, Anna host n. I 788 00:39:01,280 --> 00:39:03,680 Speaker 1: tweet about stuff. I retweet Robert every once a while. 789 00:39:03,760 --> 00:39:07,560 Speaker 1: Robert just posted a really crazy video how to get 790 00:39:07,600 --> 00:39:12,319 Speaker 1: out of like speaking of heroes, when you fall through ice. Yeah, 791 00:39:12,400 --> 00:39:14,640 Speaker 1: and he did it by falling through ice on the 792 00:39:14,800 --> 00:39:18,000 Speaker 1: video and then like calmly explaining the things that you 793 00:39:18,040 --> 00:39:21,040 Speaker 1: need to do to extricate yourself from that situation. It's incredible. 794 00:39:21,719 --> 00:39:25,719 Speaker 1: It's truly like well, and it teaches you these things. 795 00:39:25,920 --> 00:39:28,719 Speaker 1: There's a similarity in that video between what Wallenberg did, 796 00:39:28,719 --> 00:39:30,560 Speaker 1: which is that when the guy first falls in the ice. 797 00:39:30,680 --> 00:39:32,640 Speaker 1: You can hear in his voice that he's in a 798 00:39:32,680 --> 00:39:36,080 Speaker 1: pretty dire straight because it's shocking and and that's why 799 00:39:36,120 --> 00:39:38,400 Speaker 1: most people dies, that they panic in that moment of 800 00:39:38,440 --> 00:39:40,880 Speaker 1: extreme pain. And he walks you through that, like you 801 00:39:40,960 --> 00:39:43,120 Speaker 1: just have to breathe for a while and calm down 802 00:39:43,200 --> 00:39:45,360 Speaker 1: and realize the cold's not going to kill you right away. 803 00:39:45,640 --> 00:39:48,040 Speaker 1: You have time, it passes, You have time to think 804 00:39:48,080 --> 00:39:52,360 Speaker 1: through your actions and calmly and decisively extricate yourself in 805 00:39:52,360 --> 00:39:55,279 Speaker 1: the situation and in every dangerous situation I've ever been, 806 00:39:55,280 --> 00:39:58,840 Speaker 1: and that really is the key, is like, Okay, my 807 00:39:58,920 --> 00:40:01,200 Speaker 1: body is telling me to take certain actions right now, 808 00:40:01,400 --> 00:40:03,600 Speaker 1: but maybe I should think for just a second and 809 00:40:03,640 --> 00:40:07,280 Speaker 1: like figure out calmly, Like you almost never need to 810 00:40:07,280 --> 00:40:10,080 Speaker 1: take that sort of panic thrash response. It's all about 811 00:40:10,320 --> 00:40:15,000 Speaker 1: moving with purpose. And yeah, yeah it's great video. Yeah, 812 00:40:15,400 --> 00:40:17,640 Speaker 1: look it up somewhere. It's on your Twitter. Look up 813 00:40:17,680 --> 00:40:21,280 Speaker 1: guy falls through ice YouTube or my Twitter. Just today, 814 00:40:21,320 --> 00:40:24,360 Speaker 1: but I will have tweeted probably fifty times a rollback 815 00:40:24,480 --> 00:40:27,680 Speaker 1: form nonsense. Yeah, yeah, I don't even know what day 816 00:40:27,719 --> 00:40:31,359 Speaker 1: it is. So thanks for having me, Thanks for being 817 00:40:31,400 --> 00:40:35,160 Speaker 1: on Yep, you can buy a T shirt, you know, 818 00:40:35,239 --> 00:40:37,120 Speaker 1: I should, you should buy a T shirt, and you 819 00:40:37,200 --> 00:40:39,319 Speaker 1: listening should buy a T shirt from t Publix behind 820 00:40:39,360 --> 00:40:43,680 Speaker 1: the Bastard store phone cases as well, cocaine spoons. Sophie 821 00:40:43,719 --> 00:40:46,840 Speaker 1: is saying that they're they sell branded coke spoons now fantastic, 822 00:40:46,880 --> 00:40:51,719 Speaker 1: So Fleetwood Mac, if you're listening branded coketotes, branded coke tootes, yep. Absolutely, 823 00:40:51,760 --> 00:40:55,040 Speaker 1: Also Fleetwood Mac. We're really really aiming for that. Sweet 824 00:40:55,120 --> 00:40:59,520 Speaker 1: Fleetwood Mac immigrants sending to blow cocaine up your butt. 825 00:41:01,840 --> 00:41:03,879 Speaker 1: I'm Robert Evans. You can find me on Twitter at 826 00:41:03,880 --> 00:41:06,000 Speaker 1: I right, Okay, you can find my book A Brief 827 00:41:06,040 --> 00:41:08,960 Speaker 1: History of Ice. It's a great Christmas gift, although this 828 00:41:09,000 --> 00:41:11,040 Speaker 1: will probably be running like the day before Christmas. But 829 00:41:11,120 --> 00:41:14,520 Speaker 1: you can buy a kindle book anytime. Amazon Prime man 830 00:41:15,520 --> 00:41:20,759 Speaker 1: speaking of gigantic evil machines that destroy the support the evils. 831 00:41:21,239 --> 00:41:24,040 Speaker 1: Oh god, this paper is even from Amazon. Why Amazon 832 00:41:24,160 --> 00:41:29,080 Speaker 1: selling paper? Do everything, Robert, There's nothing you can at 833 00:41:29,080 --> 00:41:32,040 Speaker 1: one point came through the hands of Amazon. Anyway, Amazon, 834 00:41:32,080 --> 00:41:36,839 Speaker 1: if you want to throw some ad rev oar No boy, No, 835 00:41:38,040 --> 00:41:40,800 Speaker 1: by the way, my home generates misery made by Amazon. 836 00:41:40,960 --> 00:41:43,400 Speaker 1: Wait what yeah, I live in a Prime home. No, 837 00:41:43,560 --> 00:41:47,920 Speaker 1: you're lying. It's not it's coming. Oh no, I mean 838 00:41:47,960 --> 00:41:49,920 Speaker 1: I'm sure we will all live in Prime homes. Yeah. 839 00:41:49,960 --> 00:41:54,160 Speaker 1: I live in the Prime apartment complex. There's no bathrooms, 840 00:41:55,160 --> 00:41:59,880 Speaker 1: there's a hole in the wall. You have to deliver 841 00:42:00,080 --> 00:42:02,920 Speaker 1: three packages every morning. Part of your ready to just 842 00:42:02,960 --> 00:42:06,640 Speaker 1: start working Amazon. Amazon has started to do this thing 843 00:42:06,800 --> 00:42:10,719 Speaker 1: where like they just have random people delivering stuff. They 844 00:42:10,760 --> 00:42:12,840 Speaker 1: do they're not good at They just show up in 845 00:42:12,960 --> 00:42:17,319 Speaker 1: random cars. Just see packages lying everywhere now where. It's like, 846 00:42:17,719 --> 00:42:20,200 Speaker 1: you guys don't know how to do this job. They 847 00:42:20,239 --> 00:42:22,560 Speaker 1: really they it's third party all the way. They just 848 00:42:22,600 --> 00:42:24,239 Speaker 1: are like, yeah, you can do it. Half of them 849 00:42:24,280 --> 00:42:26,400 Speaker 1: don't deliver your packages. You're like, why do you have 850 00:42:26,440 --> 00:42:30,360 Speaker 1: this job? But random people just did everything for nothing, 851 00:42:31,000 --> 00:42:33,719 Speaker 1: and that's how our company works. And I get a 852 00:42:33,800 --> 00:42:38,919 Speaker 1: billion dollars a day. That's the Jeff Bezos planned. He's 853 00:42:38,920 --> 00:42:41,399 Speaker 1: another guy just was like talking very loudly, and we're 854 00:42:41,440 --> 00:42:44,040 Speaker 1: all like, yeah, that's why I have so much respect 855 00:42:44,080 --> 00:42:46,320 Speaker 1: for the one guy who doesn't use that power for evil. 856 00:42:47,239 --> 00:42:51,400 Speaker 1: Rou Wallenberg, so he was in charge of Amazon. Probably 857 00:42:51,400 --> 00:42:57,240 Speaker 1: just be a company dedicated to saving Syrian refugees. Amazon Prime, 858 00:42:57,280 --> 00:42:59,600 Speaker 1: you just literally get we just ship them out of 859 00:42:59,600 --> 00:43:01,799 Speaker 1: the country. You're just delivered to your house, and just 860 00:43:01,880 --> 00:43:06,400 Speaker 1: take care of them, help them started your life. Yeah. Yeah, 861 00:43:06,719 --> 00:43:10,319 Speaker 1: if you're listening Amazon, that's what you should be doing 862 00:43:10,360 --> 00:43:12,880 Speaker 1: to the Greek the islands in Greece. I will stop 863 00:43:12,920 --> 00:43:16,080 Speaker 1: talking smack if you just start shipping people out of country. 864 00:43:16,200 --> 00:43:19,560 Speaker 1: Cameroon too, can maybe use it. Ugly stuff going on 865 00:43:19,600 --> 00:43:22,799 Speaker 1: there anyway, anywhere anywhere where there's some serious strife with 866 00:43:22,840 --> 00:43:27,319 Speaker 1: the people Honduras. Ship people out of there. Send them 867 00:43:27,360 --> 00:43:31,080 Speaker 1: to Ohio. No, that seemed to mean to them. Send 868 00:43:31,120 --> 00:43:37,280 Speaker 1: them to Michigan. Yeah, Rollenberg would appreciate that. Yeah, Michigan, 869 00:43:37,440 --> 00:43:41,719 Speaker 1: nice place, beautiful, beautiful. All right, Well, this has been 870 00:43:41,719 --> 00:43:48,959 Speaker 1: the episode Mary Holidays. Enjoy your winter times, eat egg nog, 871 00:43:49,520 --> 00:43:52,880 Speaker 1: fight Nazis. I love about you.