1 00:00:00,080 --> 00:00:03,520 Speaker 1: Folks, it's time. You know what time it is. It's 2 00:00:03,520 --> 00:00:07,680 Speaker 1: time for a classic episode of Ridiculous History where we're 3 00:00:07,720 --> 00:00:11,240 Speaker 1: hanging out with one of the uh with a guy 4 00:00:11,280 --> 00:00:14,560 Speaker 1: who has one of the coolest street names we've run into. 5 00:00:14,560 --> 00:00:17,720 Speaker 2: Old knife Hand. Oh man, I was thinking that we 6 00:00:17,800 --> 00:00:20,680 Speaker 2: had a bit of a run of spooky themed episodes here, 7 00:00:20,720 --> 00:00:25,360 Speaker 2: and I'm realizing these were all from October twenty eighteen. 8 00:00:25,400 --> 00:00:27,480 Speaker 2: I guess we used to be a little more seasonal 9 00:00:27,480 --> 00:00:30,080 Speaker 2: with our episodes. Has since gone totally off the rails 10 00:00:30,080 --> 00:00:32,760 Speaker 2: in that department. So let's harken back to a perhaps 11 00:00:32,760 --> 00:00:36,560 Speaker 2: more seasonally organized time in the world of Ridiculous History, 12 00:00:36,600 --> 00:00:39,239 Speaker 2: chewing Necropolis and what is now in northern Italy that 13 00:00:39,360 --> 00:00:42,839 Speaker 2: held a strange and at first glance terrifying corpse. 14 00:00:43,400 --> 00:00:45,720 Speaker 1: Oh so I should say, you know, I just remembered 15 00:00:45,840 --> 00:00:48,000 Speaker 1: we're the guys who made up the nickname knife Hands. 16 00:00:48,320 --> 00:00:50,960 Speaker 2: Oh he did, That's okay, it's the name. He was 17 00:00:51,000 --> 00:00:53,599 Speaker 2: a lombard man and we call him Old knife Hands. 18 00:00:53,760 --> 00:00:58,160 Speaker 2: Fill in the blanks, let's throw it. 19 00:00:58,320 --> 00:01:25,720 Speaker 1: Ridiculous History is a production of iHeartRadio. No no no 20 00:01:25,720 --> 00:01:27,360 Speaker 1: no no no no no no no no no no 21 00:01:27,360 --> 00:01:33,240 Speaker 1: no knife Man. Welcome to the show, Ridiculous Historians. I'm Ben. 22 00:01:33,840 --> 00:01:35,560 Speaker 2: I can't how am I supposed to say my name 23 00:01:35,600 --> 00:01:37,559 Speaker 2: when it's not nearly as cool as a knife man. 24 00:01:38,520 --> 00:01:40,880 Speaker 1: I mean it's his name, I know, but his real 25 00:01:40,959 --> 00:01:42,880 Speaker 1: name is probably something like Giovanni. 26 00:01:43,000 --> 00:01:47,160 Speaker 2: Yeah, it's probably true. I'm Noel the Ordinary Brown. 27 00:01:47,480 --> 00:01:50,200 Speaker 1: We are joined with our guest super producer. Give him 28 00:01:50,240 --> 00:01:52,560 Speaker 1: a big hand, He's got his own sound. Cue super 29 00:01:52,560 --> 00:01:59,920 Speaker 1: producer Paul Dekint No Love Lost with super producer Casey Pegri, 30 00:02:00,080 --> 00:02:02,920 Speaker 1: who will return to his regular American life. 31 00:02:03,040 --> 00:02:04,720 Speaker 2: Wait, no love lost? You mean that? Do you mean 32 00:02:04,760 --> 00:02:08,600 Speaker 2: they're they're bitter enemies? Isn't that what no love lost means? 33 00:02:08,840 --> 00:02:10,280 Speaker 1: You know, I've been using it in this case to 34 00:02:10,320 --> 00:02:13,480 Speaker 1: say that we don't love Casey any less, we have 35 00:02:13,600 --> 00:02:14,959 Speaker 1: not lost love for him. 36 00:02:15,000 --> 00:02:16,800 Speaker 2: That's I think That's how it always occurred to me. 37 00:02:16,880 --> 00:02:19,000 Speaker 2: Is it should be said? But I've always understood it 38 00:02:19,040 --> 00:02:21,800 Speaker 2: to mean some kind of enmity towards. 39 00:02:21,680 --> 00:02:24,600 Speaker 1: The foe, like there's no love lost between them exactly 40 00:02:25,040 --> 00:02:27,200 Speaker 1: because there was never any to begin with. Right, Well, 41 00:02:27,280 --> 00:02:29,720 Speaker 1: let's let's take it back. I lets make it something 42 00:02:29,800 --> 00:02:34,239 Speaker 1: positive the way the Ghostbusters charged that goo and Ghostbusters too, 43 00:02:34,600 --> 00:02:36,040 Speaker 1: and made it a positive thing. 44 00:02:36,440 --> 00:02:38,640 Speaker 2: You remember that that's a science joke, Ben, Is that 45 00:02:38,680 --> 00:02:40,840 Speaker 2: a science They charged it? You mean they charged it 46 00:02:40,919 --> 00:02:44,520 Speaker 2: like because they it's an ion, right, isn't that an ion? 47 00:02:44,560 --> 00:02:45,960 Speaker 1: It positively charged it. 48 00:02:46,040 --> 00:02:46,280 Speaker 2: Yeah. 49 00:02:46,480 --> 00:02:49,560 Speaker 1: Well, as you can tell from our intro, it's Friday, 50 00:02:49,680 --> 00:02:50,920 Speaker 1: it's been a long week. 51 00:02:50,800 --> 00:02:52,760 Speaker 2: And today's episode is about Ghostbusters. 52 00:02:53,440 --> 00:02:58,440 Speaker 1: No uh, it touches on something spooky. Yeah, there's that. 53 00:02:58,639 --> 00:03:01,240 Speaker 2: We are still in the throes of holle yes month. 54 00:03:01,160 --> 00:03:04,160 Speaker 1: Yes, yes, the most hallowed of Ween's. 55 00:03:04,720 --> 00:03:07,720 Speaker 2: And weirdly enough, the band Ween is doing a double 56 00:03:07,720 --> 00:03:11,200 Speaker 2: engagement at our famous Tabernacle theater tonight and tomorrow night. 57 00:03:11,280 --> 00:03:13,680 Speaker 2: Oh so it's all come full Weeen. 58 00:03:13,840 --> 00:03:17,120 Speaker 1: It's all happening. It's all happening. Well you like Ween? Yeah, 59 00:03:17,160 --> 00:03:18,799 Speaker 1: I like Ween. I would say I'm a Ween fan, 60 00:03:18,919 --> 00:03:24,280 Speaker 1: me too. Today's episode as that's our that's our slow, 61 00:03:24,520 --> 00:03:29,639 Speaker 1: circuitous route toward today's episode. Today's episode does not, as 62 00:03:29,639 --> 00:03:33,000 Speaker 1: far as we know, involve the band Ween, but it 63 00:03:33,080 --> 00:03:38,040 Speaker 1: does involve something grim, grizzly, and we'll say it badass. 64 00:03:38,120 --> 00:03:40,280 Speaker 2: Mm hmm. It does strike me as the kind of 65 00:03:40,320 --> 00:03:42,960 Speaker 2: thing that Ween might write a song about because they're 66 00:03:43,000 --> 00:03:46,800 Speaker 2: all about weird stuff and badass stuff and like kind 67 00:03:46,840 --> 00:03:49,400 Speaker 2: of psychedelic trippy stuff, and I feel like this falls 68 00:03:49,440 --> 00:03:50,880 Speaker 2: into all of those categories. 69 00:03:51,240 --> 00:03:55,240 Speaker 1: It does, and it takes us to our Our story 70 00:03:55,280 --> 00:03:58,720 Speaker 1: begins long, long ago. But let's start in the middle 71 00:03:58,720 --> 00:04:02,880 Speaker 1: of the story. Innineteen eighties Italy, in a region of 72 00:04:02,920 --> 00:04:09,120 Speaker 1: northern Italy called Vignetto. In nineteen eighty five, archaeologists made 73 00:04:09,160 --> 00:04:14,040 Speaker 1: a fascinating discovery. They found a necropolis that housed the 74 00:04:14,080 --> 00:04:16,719 Speaker 1: corpses of people known as the Longo Bards. 75 00:04:16,839 --> 00:04:19,280 Speaker 2: The Longo Bards also, it took me a minute to 76 00:04:19,320 --> 00:04:21,240 Speaker 2: realize these were one and the same, known as the 77 00:04:21,279 --> 00:04:26,719 Speaker 2: Lombards or the long Beards. Yes, it kind of mutated 78 00:04:26,760 --> 00:04:32,680 Speaker 2: over time because these warring Germanic tribesmen who held sway 79 00:04:32,800 --> 00:04:35,800 Speaker 2: over a lot of Europe for a lot longer than 80 00:04:35,800 --> 00:04:38,680 Speaker 2: you would expect, which is I know, very vague. Maybe Ben, 81 00:04:38,720 --> 00:04:40,719 Speaker 2: you can plug into some specific numbers in a minute, 82 00:04:40,760 --> 00:04:44,240 Speaker 2: but they wore quite long beards. 83 00:04:44,040 --> 00:04:49,120 Speaker 1: Yes, and they were nothing to sneeze at, these these 84 00:04:49,200 --> 00:04:53,840 Speaker 1: Germanic people. According to Lombard historian Paul the Deacon, they 85 00:04:54,040 --> 00:04:58,640 Speaker 1: descended from a small tribe that Dwelt in southern Scandinavia 86 00:04:58,720 --> 00:05:05,520 Speaker 1: tribe called the winil Wi Nili, and from this relatively 87 00:05:05,600 --> 00:05:10,920 Speaker 1: humble beginning they would rise to eventually rule most of 88 00:05:10,960 --> 00:05:14,800 Speaker 1: the Italian peninsula from five sixty eight a d. To 89 00:05:15,279 --> 00:05:20,760 Speaker 1: the late seven seventies, like seven seventy four seventy five AD. 90 00:05:21,560 --> 00:05:24,800 Speaker 1: And this this is the environment in which our story 91 00:05:25,120 --> 00:05:28,520 Speaker 1: takes place. Noel, As you said, they were known for 92 00:05:28,720 --> 00:05:29,839 Speaker 1: being warlike. 93 00:05:29,640 --> 00:05:31,359 Speaker 2: Ben, did you hear that story that Paul the Deacon 94 00:05:31,480 --> 00:05:34,719 Speaker 2: wrote about how the long Beard's a nice apocryphal tale 95 00:05:34,839 --> 00:05:36,720 Speaker 2: of how the long Beards may have had some divine 96 00:05:36,720 --> 00:05:38,120 Speaker 2: intervention in getting that name. 97 00:05:38,200 --> 00:05:40,320 Speaker 1: Oh it's great, Yeah, it's super cool. 98 00:05:40,360 --> 00:05:42,200 Speaker 2: So if you've played the new God of War game, 99 00:05:42,240 --> 00:05:44,160 Speaker 2: I guess it's not that new anymore, but apparently if 100 00:05:44,200 --> 00:05:46,760 Speaker 2: you get the update, it lets you like replay the 101 00:05:46,880 --> 00:05:49,080 Speaker 2: entire game using all of your armor or unless you 102 00:05:49,120 --> 00:05:52,000 Speaker 2: like start over again. Just FYI. Really cool game game, 103 00:05:52,160 --> 00:05:55,039 Speaker 2: but features Odin and Freya and a lot of this 104 00:05:55,120 --> 00:05:58,440 Speaker 2: pantheon of Norse gods that these folks worship. I'll tell 105 00:05:58,440 --> 00:06:02,799 Speaker 2: you who else worshiped them was the Winnilly's kind of rivals, 106 00:06:02,960 --> 00:06:05,960 Speaker 2: who were the Vandals and they were in a conflict 107 00:06:06,000 --> 00:06:09,800 Speaker 2: together because the Winillis refused to pay tribute to the 108 00:06:09,880 --> 00:06:10,960 Speaker 2: leaders of the Vandals. 109 00:06:10,960 --> 00:06:13,919 Speaker 1: And have a great quote here. The Winilli were a 110 00:06:14,120 --> 00:06:16,479 Speaker 1: smaller tribe too in terms of numbers. 111 00:06:16,480 --> 00:06:20,040 Speaker 2: The Vandals had them out numbered and out knived or whatever. 112 00:06:21,279 --> 00:06:24,479 Speaker 1: Which is a nice bit of foreshadowing there. So the 113 00:06:24,680 --> 00:06:28,760 Speaker 1: Winilli said it is better to maintain liberty by arms 114 00:06:28,800 --> 00:06:31,359 Speaker 1: than to stain it by the payment of tribute. They 115 00:06:31,360 --> 00:06:34,560 Speaker 1: thought it would be shameful to pay these people off. Yeah, 116 00:06:34,600 --> 00:06:36,799 Speaker 1: and they said, you know what, if we go down, 117 00:06:37,080 --> 00:06:40,719 Speaker 1: we're going to go down swinging, and we're going to 118 00:06:40,839 --> 00:06:44,320 Speaker 1: ask our God for help. Godin, who we know is 119 00:06:44,440 --> 00:06:48,039 Speaker 1: Odin today? Oh, Goden god An. I never heard it 120 00:06:48,040 --> 00:06:49,200 Speaker 1: said that before. That's interesting. 121 00:06:49,240 --> 00:06:53,039 Speaker 2: So yeah, So the Vandals and the Winnelly both appealed 122 00:06:53,080 --> 00:06:55,520 Speaker 2: to Odin and said, hey, we would like it very 123 00:06:55,600 --> 00:06:57,440 Speaker 2: much if you would grant us a victory, to which 124 00:06:57,440 --> 00:07:00,640 Speaker 2: Odin replied he would give a victory to the tribe 125 00:07:00,640 --> 00:07:05,559 Speaker 2: he first saw at sunrise. And then apparently the mother 126 00:07:06,000 --> 00:07:09,880 Speaker 2: of the two Winnilli leaders, whose names were Ibor and Io, 127 00:07:10,040 --> 00:07:12,400 Speaker 2: went to Freya, who was Odin's wife. 128 00:07:12,480 --> 00:07:13,840 Speaker 1: The mother's gimmed their mother. 129 00:07:13,840 --> 00:07:18,400 Speaker 2: Exactly, yeah, Gambara, and Freya told Gambara that the women 130 00:07:18,520 --> 00:07:20,640 Speaker 2: of the tribe should take their hair and tie it 131 00:07:20,640 --> 00:07:22,800 Speaker 2: in front of their faces so they looked like beard 132 00:07:22,840 --> 00:07:24,800 Speaker 2: and then appear at sunrise. 133 00:07:24,600 --> 00:07:27,280 Speaker 1: So that they seem to have more numbers than they do, 134 00:07:27,440 --> 00:07:31,000 Speaker 1: more soldiers at least. And then Freya also, according to 135 00:07:31,080 --> 00:07:34,360 Speaker 1: this story, loads the dice a little bit because she 136 00:07:34,600 --> 00:07:39,600 Speaker 1: turns Odin's bed to face east at sunrise and she 137 00:07:39,760 --> 00:07:43,520 Speaker 1: wakes him. And because of this, Odin sees the Winili 138 00:07:43,640 --> 00:07:48,040 Speaker 1: tribe first and said, who are these long beards? 139 00:07:48,520 --> 00:07:51,800 Speaker 2: And then, according to this article from about history dot com, 140 00:07:51,840 --> 00:07:55,680 Speaker 2: Freya responded, well, since you've given their tribe a name, 141 00:07:56,120 --> 00:07:59,400 Speaker 2: he should also give them a victory, and that he did. 142 00:08:00,000 --> 00:08:03,320 Speaker 2: And you know, if you'd like to believe this legend, I. 143 00:08:03,320 --> 00:08:06,080 Speaker 1: Like to believe this one. It's an inspiring story. We 144 00:08:06,120 --> 00:08:10,480 Speaker 1: should also note that Paul the Deacon wrote his history 145 00:08:10,640 --> 00:08:15,120 Speaker 1: of the Long Beards the Historia Longo Barderum, which is 146 00:08:15,120 --> 00:08:19,239 Speaker 1: fun to say. Of course, he wrote this between Slate 147 00:08:19,360 --> 00:08:23,120 Speaker 1: seven eighty a d SO seven eighty seven, seven eighty 148 00:08:23,160 --> 00:08:27,960 Speaker 1: eight and seven ninety six, so he wrote this far 149 00:08:28,160 --> 00:08:30,760 Speaker 1: far after the events had transpired. 150 00:08:30,800 --> 00:08:32,680 Speaker 2: That's right, And I just want to back up what 151 00:08:32,720 --> 00:08:34,640 Speaker 2: you said a minute ago. Ben, These women with the 152 00:08:34,640 --> 00:08:36,560 Speaker 2: beards tied in front of their faces were added to 153 00:08:36,640 --> 00:08:39,080 Speaker 2: the ranks of the men who already sported these long, 154 00:08:39,320 --> 00:08:41,599 Speaker 2: bushy beards. They did not want to cut, so it 155 00:08:41,640 --> 00:08:44,880 Speaker 2: would make them appear to have greater numbers. And I 156 00:08:44,880 --> 00:08:46,760 Speaker 2: don't know, I don't know what Fray's logic was here. 157 00:08:47,080 --> 00:08:48,440 Speaker 2: I can't get inside the head of a god. 158 00:08:48,640 --> 00:08:52,640 Speaker 1: It's to be more intimidating. And also, you know, love, 159 00:08:53,160 --> 00:08:57,400 Speaker 1: I love the moments in mythology and folklore where someone 160 00:08:57,480 --> 00:09:02,600 Speaker 1: plays a trick where cleverness becomes as important as physical strength, 161 00:09:02,760 --> 00:09:03,880 Speaker 1: like turning the bed east. 162 00:09:03,960 --> 00:09:05,839 Speaker 2: Yeah, but it's also like there's a lot of what 163 00:09:05,920 --> 00:09:09,400 Speaker 2: one might consider cheating in some of these stories. Oh sure, 164 00:09:09,440 --> 00:09:12,600 Speaker 2: you know, or like being dishonest, but sometimes that's just 165 00:09:12,760 --> 00:09:16,280 Speaker 2: having gumption, tenacity, and you know, like you said, loading 166 00:09:16,320 --> 00:09:18,640 Speaker 2: the dice a little bit in a clever. 167 00:09:18,440 --> 00:09:22,160 Speaker 1: Way, and that's all. You know, that's classic longo bar. 168 00:09:22,840 --> 00:09:25,719 Speaker 1: So these are long beards if you prefer, that might 169 00:09:25,760 --> 00:09:28,640 Speaker 1: be more fun for some of us. So this is 170 00:09:28,679 --> 00:09:31,600 Speaker 1: how the tribes started, and they expanded, possibly with the 171 00:09:31,640 --> 00:09:34,800 Speaker 1: help of divine intervention. And as we said, they go 172 00:09:34,880 --> 00:09:38,960 Speaker 1: on to for a not insignificant amount of time, rule 173 00:09:39,200 --> 00:09:44,160 Speaker 1: a large swath of Italy. And in nineteen eighty five, 174 00:09:44,200 --> 00:09:46,120 Speaker 1: we're gonna jump around in time a little bit here 175 00:09:46,120 --> 00:09:48,920 Speaker 1: for the sake of the story. In nineteen eighty five, 176 00:09:49,559 --> 00:09:55,080 Speaker 1: archaeologists discover a necropolis for the Longo Barred people that 177 00:09:55,320 --> 00:10:00,680 Speaker 1: has over two hundred corpses buried in side two hundred 178 00:10:00,679 --> 00:10:05,679 Speaker 1: and twenty two. And in these different areas of the 179 00:10:05,760 --> 00:10:12,120 Speaker 1: necropolis they find some strange, weird things. They found one 180 00:10:12,240 --> 00:10:16,480 Speaker 1: female corpse with two brooches that were used to estimate 181 00:10:16,520 --> 00:10:20,680 Speaker 1: the time roughly when these people were interred. They also 182 00:10:20,760 --> 00:10:24,720 Speaker 1: found two greyhounds and a horse, but they did not 183 00:10:24,840 --> 00:10:26,160 Speaker 1: find the head of the horse. 184 00:10:26,240 --> 00:10:27,920 Speaker 2: Yeah, it wasn't a headless horse, man. It was a 185 00:10:27,920 --> 00:10:31,440 Speaker 2: headless horse. Still quite appropriate for Halloween times. 186 00:10:31,640 --> 00:10:35,120 Speaker 1: And that's just the beginning, because, as we learned in 187 00:10:35,320 --> 00:10:39,040 Speaker 1: the paper entitled Survival to Amputation in pre Antibiotic Era, 188 00:10:39,160 --> 00:10:43,439 Speaker 1: a case study from a Longobarred Necropolis courtesy of Journal 189 00:10:43,480 --> 00:10:53,080 Speaker 1: of Anthropological Sciences, this necropolis contained one corpse that was extraordinary. 190 00:10:53,280 --> 00:10:54,560 Speaker 2: Yeah, in a lot of ways. 191 00:10:54,760 --> 00:10:58,640 Speaker 1: Yes, in many ways they found. They found a man 192 00:10:58,880 --> 00:11:04,800 Speaker 1: who was between forty and fifty years old. They say 193 00:11:05,160 --> 00:11:08,160 Speaker 1: they pegged it at forty seven in the paper, and 194 00:11:09,360 --> 00:11:14,280 Speaker 1: his body, even hundreds of years later, showed signs of 195 00:11:14,559 --> 00:11:19,679 Speaker 1: extreme hardship and God is putting it very diplomatically, signs 196 00:11:19,720 --> 00:11:23,880 Speaker 1: of extreme hardship and privation. His teeth were all kinds 197 00:11:23,920 --> 00:11:27,440 Speaker 1: of messed up. The enamel was extremely worn down to 198 00:11:27,480 --> 00:11:30,600 Speaker 1: the point where it was damaging his jaw. He had 199 00:11:30,679 --> 00:11:34,920 Speaker 1: evidence of plenty of fighting, but most importantly for this story, 200 00:11:36,440 --> 00:11:39,880 Speaker 1: archaeologists focused on something that he did not have, which 201 00:11:40,040 --> 00:11:42,760 Speaker 1: was part of his right arm. 202 00:11:46,600 --> 00:11:50,160 Speaker 2: Not only was he missing an arm, he was missing 203 00:11:50,200 --> 00:11:53,400 Speaker 2: an arm in a very unusual way in that the bone, 204 00:11:53,600 --> 00:11:56,559 Speaker 2: the nub of the bone where the arm had been amputated, 205 00:11:57,000 --> 00:12:01,560 Speaker 2: was worn down and calloused in a very particular way 206 00:12:01,920 --> 00:12:05,280 Speaker 2: that was caused by something else they found in in 207 00:12:05,320 --> 00:12:05,800 Speaker 2: this grave. 208 00:12:06,240 --> 00:12:10,720 Speaker 1: That's right, They literally buried the lead long enough. Let's 209 00:12:10,760 --> 00:12:13,240 Speaker 1: just let's just let it out in the open. This 210 00:12:13,320 --> 00:12:19,880 Speaker 1: guy had replaced his arm with a prosthetic blade. He 211 00:12:19,920 --> 00:12:21,119 Speaker 1: had a knife hand. 212 00:12:21,080 --> 00:12:24,720 Speaker 2: A knife hand, yeah, And the way it was attached 213 00:12:24,840 --> 00:12:26,880 Speaker 2: was with like a kind of a cup that would 214 00:12:26,880 --> 00:12:30,079 Speaker 2: attach over the nub, and then the blade was fast 215 00:12:30,240 --> 00:12:32,520 Speaker 2: fashioned onto the cup. I guess it was like a 216 00:12:32,600 --> 00:12:35,040 Speaker 2: leather cup of some kind. And then there were straps 217 00:12:35,080 --> 00:12:38,959 Speaker 2: harnesses that would fasten it on. And you remember you 218 00:12:39,000 --> 00:12:41,520 Speaker 2: mentioned a minute ago, Ben that he had some significant 219 00:12:41,640 --> 00:12:44,679 Speaker 2: wear and tear to his teeth. One of the ideas 220 00:12:44,720 --> 00:12:46,760 Speaker 2: is that it was because he was constantly using his 221 00:12:46,840 --> 00:12:52,200 Speaker 2: teeth to tighten the straps on the knife knife arm. 222 00:12:52,320 --> 00:12:55,920 Speaker 1: Yeah, as he was going through and dealing ungodly amounts 223 00:12:55,920 --> 00:12:58,640 Speaker 1: of damage to his enemies. You can in the paper 224 00:12:58,880 --> 00:13:03,080 Speaker 1: see up photographs of the fellow's teeth. We don't know 225 00:13:03,400 --> 00:13:06,320 Speaker 1: a ton of details about this man. His name is 226 00:13:06,400 --> 00:13:11,320 Speaker 1: lost to history. We don't know necessarily what he did 227 00:13:11,360 --> 00:13:14,400 Speaker 1: in his free time, what his dreams were, what did 228 00:13:14,440 --> 00:13:16,960 Speaker 1: he have children, and so on. But we do know 229 00:13:17,520 --> 00:13:22,120 Speaker 1: a ton of things based entirely on the state of 230 00:13:22,240 --> 00:13:27,440 Speaker 1: his body. We know, for instance, that the orientation of 231 00:13:27,480 --> 00:13:31,600 Speaker 1: his amputated forearm, the orientation of the fracture that occurred, 232 00:13:32,040 --> 00:13:35,600 Speaker 1: indicates that it was an angled cut by a single blow, 233 00:13:36,160 --> 00:13:41,160 Speaker 1: made probably from a blunt instrument. And this amputation was 234 00:13:41,200 --> 00:13:45,320 Speaker 1: the result of one of three things. An amputation through injury, 235 00:13:45,360 --> 00:13:48,040 Speaker 1: and combat, which has its own fascinating rabbit hole to 236 00:13:48,080 --> 00:13:51,200 Speaker 1: follow a medical intervention. Maybe he had a wound and 237 00:13:51,240 --> 00:13:51,760 Speaker 1: it got. 238 00:13:51,559 --> 00:13:56,000 Speaker 2: Infected or some sort of judicial punishment, right how I 239 00:13:56,080 --> 00:13:57,559 Speaker 2: put it in the paper, I believe. 240 00:13:57,360 --> 00:14:02,160 Speaker 1: Yes, exactly. So he either gotten a beef, got sick, 241 00:14:02,920 --> 00:14:05,560 Speaker 1: or or broke the law. 242 00:14:06,080 --> 00:14:09,520 Speaker 2: I'm no you know, forensics guy or anything. But it 243 00:14:09,520 --> 00:14:13,120 Speaker 2: does seem like the cleanness of the cut would indicate 244 00:14:13,160 --> 00:14:17,280 Speaker 2: that he was, you know, had it positioned in such 245 00:14:17,280 --> 00:14:20,120 Speaker 2: a way to receive the blow right, like on some 246 00:14:20,160 --> 00:14:23,200 Speaker 2: sort of like hard surface or maybe held down or 247 00:14:23,400 --> 00:14:25,720 Speaker 2: you know something. It doesn't seem like it would be 248 00:14:25,760 --> 00:14:28,560 Speaker 2: that clean if he just got a giant axe swung 249 00:14:28,560 --> 00:14:30,600 Speaker 2: at him in battle and got the arm lobbed off. 250 00:14:31,160 --> 00:14:34,680 Speaker 1: Right. And so there's an interesting thing I've been reading 251 00:14:34,720 --> 00:14:37,520 Speaker 1: about for something unrelated to this show that ties him 252 00:14:37,640 --> 00:14:40,400 Speaker 1: very well, and it's the problem of fighting on a 253 00:14:40,400 --> 00:14:44,120 Speaker 1: battlefield in these ancient days. You know, we see all 254 00:14:44,120 --> 00:14:47,680 Speaker 1: these depictions in fiction and in historical accounts of groups 255 00:14:47,720 --> 00:14:50,480 Speaker 1: of people just yelling and running into each other until 256 00:14:50,480 --> 00:14:56,800 Speaker 1: they collide in blood, sweat and violence. But is it possible, 257 00:14:56,840 --> 00:14:58,760 Speaker 1: this is the question was looking at. Is it possible 258 00:14:58,760 --> 00:15:02,160 Speaker 1: that some people just faked their death. It just like 259 00:15:02,360 --> 00:15:05,520 Speaker 1: laid down and waited for the fighting to stop. The 260 00:15:05,560 --> 00:15:10,400 Speaker 1: answer is yes, and that's why soldiers from either side 261 00:15:10,400 --> 00:15:13,600 Speaker 1: would go through after a conflict to make sure the 262 00:15:13,640 --> 00:15:14,320 Speaker 1: dead were dead. 263 00:15:14,400 --> 00:15:16,120 Speaker 2: You've seen that in movies. They just go around just 264 00:15:16,160 --> 00:15:18,160 Speaker 2: stabbing the piles of bodies, you know. 265 00:15:18,640 --> 00:15:21,240 Speaker 1: And in some cases it was considered an act of 266 00:15:21,320 --> 00:15:25,320 Speaker 1: mercy rather than an act of malevolence, because think about it, 267 00:15:25,360 --> 00:15:27,920 Speaker 1: this is a time with no antibiotics. This is a 268 00:15:27,960 --> 00:15:33,640 Speaker 1: time where medicine is often administrated through a spiritual leader, right, 269 00:15:33,760 --> 00:15:38,920 Speaker 1: rather than some sort of doctor. And additionally, this is 270 00:15:38,960 --> 00:15:42,840 Speaker 1: the biggest point for the idea that this guy may 271 00:15:42,880 --> 00:15:47,560 Speaker 1: have been injured in battle. Additionally, every time that someone 272 00:15:47,800 --> 00:15:50,960 Speaker 1: is attempting to recover from an injury, especially one of 273 00:15:50,960 --> 00:15:54,480 Speaker 1: this magnitude, that means that a community of other people 274 00:15:54,840 --> 00:15:56,120 Speaker 1: has to take care of them. 275 00:15:56,200 --> 00:15:58,160 Speaker 2: Wait a minute, so he's saying. The takeaway from this 276 00:15:58,320 --> 00:16:01,800 Speaker 2: weird knife arm Doude is that like people in his 277 00:16:01,880 --> 00:16:03,880 Speaker 2: lifetime were nice to. 278 00:16:03,960 --> 00:16:08,760 Speaker 1: Him, at least because he also the analysis of his teeth, 279 00:16:08,800 --> 00:16:11,600 Speaker 1: the strontium levels in his teeth proved that he was 280 00:16:11,600 --> 00:16:14,640 Speaker 1: not from this area. He was a stranger in a 281 00:16:14,640 --> 00:16:15,720 Speaker 1: strange land at the time. 282 00:16:15,760 --> 00:16:18,080 Speaker 2: And don't you think that forty or fifty years old 283 00:16:19,280 --> 00:16:22,480 Speaker 2: is a pretty decent lifetime in this day and age. 284 00:16:23,320 --> 00:16:26,240 Speaker 1: And as you said, from the callous, from the calluses 285 00:16:26,240 --> 00:16:29,480 Speaker 1: and the wear on the on the amputated limb, we 286 00:16:29,600 --> 00:16:33,160 Speaker 1: know that this happened a long time before he died. 287 00:16:33,200 --> 00:16:34,760 Speaker 1: He lived this way for years. Yeah. 288 00:16:34,800 --> 00:16:37,080 Speaker 2: I don't think we can stress enough how important it 289 00:16:37,160 --> 00:16:40,040 Speaker 2: is to think about the idea that they'd had no 290 00:16:40,680 --> 00:16:44,960 Speaker 2: antibiotics and no real way to intervene and stop the 291 00:16:44,960 --> 00:16:48,360 Speaker 2: blood flow other than just to like rub it with 292 00:16:48,400 --> 00:16:51,600 Speaker 2: some sort of poultice or like, you know, physically bind 293 00:16:51,680 --> 00:16:53,640 Speaker 2: it and keep an eye on the guy and make 294 00:16:53,680 --> 00:16:56,160 Speaker 2: sure that he had stayed clean. Otherwise he would have 295 00:16:56,160 --> 00:16:58,120 Speaker 2: just gone septic and kicked it in no time. 296 00:16:58,440 --> 00:17:02,520 Speaker 1: Yeah. Absolutely. In the paper they say quote the longo 297 00:17:02,600 --> 00:17:05,040 Speaker 1: barred male survived the loss of a forearm even though 298 00:17:05,080 --> 00:17:09,040 Speaker 1: antibiotics were not readily available. This highlights a community level 299 00:17:09,080 --> 00:17:12,320 Speaker 1: effort to provide an ideal setting for healing to take place. 300 00:17:12,680 --> 00:17:15,760 Speaker 1: This suggests a clean environment with intensive care during the 301 00:17:15,800 --> 00:17:18,520 Speaker 1: early stages of healing, with the ability to prevent death 302 00:17:18,520 --> 00:17:22,199 Speaker 1: from blood loss and specific herbal balms were available to 303 00:17:22,240 --> 00:17:26,240 Speaker 1: the Longo barred people for this purpose. And they go 304 00:17:26,359 --> 00:17:30,440 Speaker 1: back and forth arguing the different cases that this could 305 00:17:30,480 --> 00:17:33,959 Speaker 1: have been combat and then he was saved by his community, 306 00:17:34,680 --> 00:17:39,200 Speaker 1: or that it was a judicial punishment where they said, okay, 307 00:17:39,640 --> 00:17:42,320 Speaker 1: maybe you have stolen something, so now you lose your hand, 308 00:17:42,480 --> 00:17:43,560 Speaker 1: but we don't want to kill you. 309 00:17:43,680 --> 00:17:45,280 Speaker 2: But if that was the case, why would they go 310 00:17:45,320 --> 00:17:47,800 Speaker 2: out of their way to keep him from bleeding out? 311 00:17:48,080 --> 00:17:51,760 Speaker 1: That's the mystery, right, and I am tempted to place 312 00:17:51,880 --> 00:17:56,680 Speaker 1: this injury in the realm of combat or traumatic accident, because, 313 00:17:56,720 --> 00:18:02,680 Speaker 1: as we mentioned, the Longo bar invaded in five sixty 314 00:18:02,720 --> 00:18:05,919 Speaker 1: eight a d right, and that's when they began to 315 00:18:06,000 --> 00:18:11,719 Speaker 1: take over Italy. And it looks like this death. This 316 00:18:11,760 --> 00:18:15,800 Speaker 1: guy was interred in this necropolis not too long after, 317 00:18:16,359 --> 00:18:19,600 Speaker 1: so he was definitely alive and kicking and maybe even 318 00:18:19,640 --> 00:18:23,280 Speaker 1: had both of his hands during the invasion. It's quite 319 00:18:23,400 --> 00:18:27,080 Speaker 1: possible that they took care of him because he was 320 00:18:27,200 --> 00:18:31,520 Speaker 1: helping with this takeover, with this regional takeover. By the way, 321 00:18:31,560 --> 00:18:34,520 Speaker 1: if you're wondering why the Winilly became the Longo Bards 322 00:18:34,720 --> 00:18:38,679 Speaker 1: and moved down south like this, the current best guess 323 00:18:38,840 --> 00:18:43,160 Speaker 1: is it was to seek better resources because they had 324 00:18:43,160 --> 00:18:44,760 Speaker 1: overpopulated their native land. 325 00:18:45,520 --> 00:18:50,199 Speaker 2: Unless we paint a picture of these Lombards as being 326 00:18:50,720 --> 00:18:54,640 Speaker 2: entirely like barbaric or some kind of like completely unhinged 327 00:18:54,760 --> 00:18:59,200 Speaker 2: warring you know, psychotic hun like force. I mean they 328 00:18:59,200 --> 00:19:01,920 Speaker 2: eventually when they kind of settled, they they built a 329 00:19:01,960 --> 00:19:06,520 Speaker 2: bunch of incredible architecture. They became dukes and had a 330 00:19:06,640 --> 00:19:11,000 Speaker 2: very very robust system of government and created these territories 331 00:19:11,040 --> 00:19:14,800 Speaker 2: called duchies. And that's a term that was used moving forward. 332 00:19:14,800 --> 00:19:16,120 Speaker 2: I believe Ben that is true. 333 00:19:16,160 --> 00:19:20,439 Speaker 1: Noal, the term duchy did stick around. The Kingdom of 334 00:19:20,560 --> 00:19:24,360 Speaker 1: the Lombards, also known as the Kingdom of Italy at 335 00:19:24,400 --> 00:19:29,119 Speaker 1: the time, was established, as you said, in the later 336 00:19:29,280 --> 00:19:35,320 Speaker 1: part of the sixth century. And they they knew that 337 00:19:35,440 --> 00:19:37,960 Speaker 1: this kind of game was going by King of the 338 00:19:38,040 --> 00:19:42,000 Speaker 1: Hill rules, not the not the cartoon, but the actual game. 339 00:19:42,520 --> 00:19:44,280 Speaker 1: What I mean is they knew that there would be 340 00:19:44,320 --> 00:19:48,640 Speaker 1: people trying to oust them from their new kingdom. One 341 00:19:48,640 --> 00:19:53,040 Speaker 1: of the groups that vehemently opposed them was the Byzantine Empire. 342 00:19:53,320 --> 00:19:57,720 Speaker 2: Yeah, you had them. You had the Celts, the Celts, Celts, Celts, 343 00:19:57,760 --> 00:20:02,359 Speaker 2: the Celts, the that's the worst, the worst one. Then 344 00:20:02,400 --> 00:20:04,000 Speaker 2: you had the Visi Goths ors. I like to refer 345 00:20:04,000 --> 00:20:06,600 Speaker 2: to them as just the Goths, you know, it's uh. 346 00:20:06,600 --> 00:20:08,680 Speaker 1: And then you had the Franks, and they were the 347 00:20:08,680 --> 00:20:11,320 Speaker 1: they were the big bads, they were the ultimate bosses, 348 00:20:11,640 --> 00:20:14,520 Speaker 1: the Franks. They're the ones who conquered the kingdom, right, 349 00:20:14,520 --> 00:20:14,960 Speaker 1: it's true. 350 00:20:14,960 --> 00:20:17,560 Speaker 2: And yeah, the Franks. Ben. I don't know if you've 351 00:20:17,560 --> 00:20:20,919 Speaker 2: heard of this little guy named Charlemagne the Great. You know, 352 00:20:21,000 --> 00:20:22,960 Speaker 2: you don't get the name the Great unless you're pretty 353 00:20:22,960 --> 00:20:23,440 Speaker 2: bad ass. 354 00:20:23,560 --> 00:20:25,520 Speaker 1: I'm skeptical of ye, that's fair. 355 00:20:25,600 --> 00:20:27,320 Speaker 2: But it was like the big boss, Like you said, 356 00:20:27,320 --> 00:20:30,080 Speaker 2: he was the big bad and he is the dude 357 00:20:30,080 --> 00:20:35,920 Speaker 2: that ultimately led to the downfall of the the the longbeards. 358 00:20:36,080 --> 00:20:39,879 Speaker 1: Yeah. He even after after the Franks conquered most of 359 00:20:39,920 --> 00:20:44,040 Speaker 1: the kingdom, he even adopted the title King of the Lombards. 360 00:20:44,280 --> 00:20:48,040 Speaker 1: And the one city they never managed to gain control 361 00:20:48,119 --> 00:20:52,840 Speaker 1: of was Benevento, the most southern of the Lombard duchies. 362 00:20:57,920 --> 00:21:02,400 Speaker 1: So at the time, at the time that this entire empire, 363 00:21:02,480 --> 00:21:06,360 Speaker 1: Rosen finally fell, the Kingdom of the Lombards was the 364 00:21:06,520 --> 00:21:09,560 Speaker 1: last hold out, the last minor Germanic kingdom in Europe 365 00:21:10,320 --> 00:21:14,240 Speaker 1: other than the Frankish Empire, and we should mention too. 366 00:21:14,359 --> 00:21:19,880 Speaker 1: There's a good question of how lombard these people were, 367 00:21:20,000 --> 00:21:22,600 Speaker 1: or at least their rulers by the time they fell, 368 00:21:22,800 --> 00:21:26,119 Speaker 1: because over the more than one hundred years that they 369 00:21:26,160 --> 00:21:30,080 Speaker 1: governed this area of the world, they gradually assimilated to 370 00:21:30,240 --> 00:21:33,880 Speaker 1: Roman culture. They would get Roman titles, they would start 371 00:21:33,960 --> 00:21:38,360 Speaker 1: naming their kids Roman names, they would start practicing Roman traditions. 372 00:21:38,840 --> 00:21:43,120 Speaker 1: So at what level did their assimilation just make them 373 00:21:43,440 --> 00:21:46,840 Speaker 1: Romans who historically were Lombards, You know what I mean exactly, 374 00:21:46,960 --> 00:21:49,159 Speaker 1: But no one was at that level of PC at 375 00:21:49,160 --> 00:21:53,560 Speaker 1: this time. Of course, they were like die longbeards, and 376 00:21:53,600 --> 00:21:56,280 Speaker 1: they almost got our guy knife man. 377 00:21:57,480 --> 00:21:59,640 Speaker 2: He would have been a beast on the battlefield. 378 00:22:00,000 --> 00:22:03,880 Speaker 1: Can you imagine? There's some great details in here about well, 379 00:22:04,080 --> 00:22:06,960 Speaker 1: they still are speculating about how his injury occur, but 380 00:22:07,000 --> 00:22:09,439 Speaker 1: there are some great details about his life after the injury. 381 00:22:09,480 --> 00:22:12,080 Speaker 1: As we said, the teeth on the side of his 382 00:22:12,160 --> 00:22:15,600 Speaker 1: mouth that he used to tighten the strap were we 383 00:22:15,640 --> 00:22:18,840 Speaker 1: cannot overemphasize this. They were terribly worn down, like the 384 00:22:18,840 --> 00:22:22,000 Speaker 1: pulp was out of his teeth. Someone had to extract 385 00:22:22,040 --> 00:22:23,440 Speaker 1: some of his teeth so he could eat. 386 00:22:23,600 --> 00:22:25,399 Speaker 2: Yeah, I think he actually like had some sort of 387 00:22:25,600 --> 00:22:28,920 Speaker 2: serious infection because he ruptured the pulp sack, which is 388 00:22:28,960 --> 00:22:31,960 Speaker 2: a thing apparently in one of his teeth, and that 389 00:22:32,040 --> 00:22:32,879 Speaker 2: could have been fatal. 390 00:22:33,840 --> 00:22:36,800 Speaker 1: This guy really dodged some serious bullets. Yeah, he won 391 00:22:36,880 --> 00:22:41,720 Speaker 1: a brutal lottery for sure. We also know that he didn't. Okay, 392 00:22:41,760 --> 00:22:45,240 Speaker 1: here's the question that I immediately had at least, and 393 00:22:45,440 --> 00:22:47,879 Speaker 1: I don't know if you've had it as well, ridiculous historians. 394 00:22:48,440 --> 00:22:52,200 Speaker 1: Did he survive long enough to use his blade arm 395 00:22:52,359 --> 00:22:53,000 Speaker 1: in battle? 396 00:22:53,280 --> 00:22:56,440 Speaker 2: Well, one would think one would imagine. Here's the thing though. 397 00:22:56,520 --> 00:23:00,199 Speaker 2: The speculation is like he maybe even used this to 398 00:23:00,400 --> 00:23:02,760 Speaker 2: like eat, But I don't buy that. Well, why not 399 00:23:02,880 --> 00:23:04,320 Speaker 2: have a fork arm if you're going to use it 400 00:23:04,359 --> 00:23:06,440 Speaker 2: to eat? I mean, a blade arm is clearly designed 401 00:23:06,440 --> 00:23:08,080 Speaker 2: to slice brothers. 402 00:23:08,560 --> 00:23:11,520 Speaker 1: And we know from the level of metal working that 403 00:23:11,640 --> 00:23:14,680 Speaker 1: was available at the time that they could make something 404 00:23:14,960 --> 00:23:17,919 Speaker 1: with times or yeah, it was they could make something 405 00:23:17,920 --> 00:23:23,280 Speaker 1: that wasn't just a blade arm. They chose blade arm, 406 00:23:23,359 --> 00:23:27,360 Speaker 1: and I'm just I'm not I'm not being completely prejudiced here, 407 00:23:27,359 --> 00:23:31,440 Speaker 1: but I'm saying that choice implies some things. 408 00:23:31,520 --> 00:23:34,720 Speaker 2: Yeah, there's there's intention, there's the implication. It's like it's 409 00:23:34,760 --> 00:23:37,000 Speaker 2: like Ash and the Evil Dead. He made himself a 410 00:23:37,080 --> 00:23:41,440 Speaker 2: chainsaw arm, right, you know, with which to slice demons 411 00:23:41,840 --> 00:23:44,040 Speaker 2: the undead. I mean he didn't make himself, you know, 412 00:23:44,160 --> 00:23:47,480 Speaker 2: some other non lethal type of arm, like a mannequin 413 00:23:47,520 --> 00:23:49,919 Speaker 2: hand or like a flagpole off a flagpole arm. 414 00:23:50,000 --> 00:23:51,840 Speaker 1: Yeah, you know, he didn't make anything like that. 415 00:23:51,880 --> 00:23:53,600 Speaker 2: He wasn't going to be a crossing garden. He was 416 00:23:53,680 --> 00:23:54,840 Speaker 2: going to be a demon's. 417 00:23:54,560 --> 00:23:59,600 Speaker 1: Layer, and we know that with knife Man. It appears 418 00:23:59,640 --> 00:24:02,520 Speaker 1: that he did not whatever he did with this blade arm, 419 00:24:02,600 --> 00:24:05,479 Speaker 1: it appears that he didn't lift heavy weights with it. 420 00:24:05,800 --> 00:24:08,600 Speaker 1: But surprise, surprise, that would be kind of difficult anyway, 421 00:24:08,760 --> 00:24:10,199 Speaker 1: just to keep the prosthetic on. 422 00:24:10,520 --> 00:24:13,600 Speaker 2: He's saying that his arm was slightly like atropheet or something. No, 423 00:24:13,760 --> 00:24:14,520 Speaker 2: we're saying that we. 424 00:24:14,480 --> 00:24:19,160 Speaker 1: Can tell from the strain that like obviously his left hand, 425 00:24:19,200 --> 00:24:21,320 Speaker 1: the one he still has, is going to be the 426 00:24:21,400 --> 00:24:22,440 Speaker 1: new dominant hand. 427 00:24:22,520 --> 00:24:26,240 Speaker 2: Right, But so it wasn't like as evenly distributed between. 428 00:24:26,040 --> 00:24:28,280 Speaker 1: The two right, so we can tell that we can 429 00:24:28,320 --> 00:24:32,320 Speaker 1: tell that he wasn't attempting to or did not successfully 430 00:24:32,560 --> 00:24:35,600 Speaker 1: for long periods of time lift heavy things, But. 431 00:24:35,560 --> 00:24:36,480 Speaker 2: What about slashing? 432 00:24:36,840 --> 00:24:41,080 Speaker 1: Slashings totally different because that's more of an impact, right 433 00:24:41,200 --> 00:24:41,760 Speaker 1: than a strain. 434 00:24:41,960 --> 00:24:42,919 Speaker 2: Oh, I guess that's true. 435 00:24:43,000 --> 00:24:47,800 Speaker 1: So we would we would have to ask ourselves. They 436 00:24:47,800 --> 00:24:49,639 Speaker 1: don't really address it in the paper, but we'd have 437 00:24:49,720 --> 00:24:53,240 Speaker 1: to ask ourselves whether there's some sort of research we 438 00:24:53,280 --> 00:24:58,080 Speaker 1: can do that would let us know whether he used 439 00:24:58,080 --> 00:24:58,800 Speaker 1: it in combat. 440 00:24:58,800 --> 00:25:00,720 Speaker 2: You don't think if he did enough slash and stabbing 441 00:25:00,760 --> 00:25:02,679 Speaker 2: that he wouldn't have a big muscle on that arm. 442 00:25:02,720 --> 00:25:05,080 Speaker 1: Right, wouldn't you imagine? I would think so. Yeah. But 443 00:25:05,119 --> 00:25:06,919 Speaker 1: then also, you know, we have to remember a lot 444 00:25:07,000 --> 00:25:09,679 Speaker 1: of the stuff where a lot of stuff we're discovering 445 00:25:10,000 --> 00:25:14,120 Speaker 1: with the prosthetic is based on guesswork, because a lot 446 00:25:14,160 --> 00:25:16,720 Speaker 1: of the leather has already decayed. This guy's been in 447 00:25:16,760 --> 00:25:19,640 Speaker 1: the ground for a long time. I wish we knew 448 00:25:19,640 --> 00:25:20,080 Speaker 1: his name. 449 00:25:20,280 --> 00:25:22,800 Speaker 2: You know, I'm fine with knife Man. 450 00:25:22,880 --> 00:25:23,800 Speaker 1: I'm fine with knife Man. 451 00:25:23,880 --> 00:25:26,439 Speaker 2: He could be a boss in the Mega Man games. 452 00:25:26,800 --> 00:25:30,639 Speaker 1: He could. That's a good call. He probably also, knowing 453 00:25:30,680 --> 00:25:33,200 Speaker 1: the way that nicknames and stuff worked at that time, 454 00:25:33,720 --> 00:25:36,680 Speaker 1: he probably also had a name that was something like that. 455 00:25:37,080 --> 00:25:40,359 Speaker 1: It was something like, you know, Gilbert knife Hand or 456 00:25:40,400 --> 00:25:45,240 Speaker 1: Gilbert of the knife, Mac the Knife, Yeah, similar, similar, right, 457 00:25:45,320 --> 00:25:47,840 Speaker 1: although Mac the Knife did not have a knife for 458 00:25:47,880 --> 00:25:52,120 Speaker 1: a hand. You don't know that, pretty pretty sure. 459 00:25:52,160 --> 00:25:52,960 Speaker 2: It's not in the song. 460 00:25:53,200 --> 00:25:55,159 Speaker 1: It's not in the song, which they probably would have 461 00:25:55,200 --> 00:25:58,239 Speaker 1: mentioned that, right, you'd think, you'd think. But this is 462 00:25:58,400 --> 00:26:02,320 Speaker 1: our spooky tale for the week and somewhat inspiring because, 463 00:26:02,359 --> 00:26:05,520 Speaker 1: as we said at the beginning, it shows us that, 464 00:26:06,400 --> 00:26:10,640 Speaker 1: regardless of how a community might be portrayed in history, 465 00:26:10,840 --> 00:26:14,320 Speaker 1: love conquers all. Love conquers all. It certainly heals it, 466 00:26:14,400 --> 00:26:15,200 Speaker 1: heals wounds. 467 00:26:15,960 --> 00:26:16,480 Speaker 2: That's time. 468 00:26:18,040 --> 00:26:20,440 Speaker 1: That was probably a combination of both time and love, 469 00:26:21,080 --> 00:26:26,760 Speaker 1: and you have to marvel sometimes. That's just how how 470 00:26:26,840 --> 00:26:30,240 Speaker 1: tough these people were, you know what I mean? Like 471 00:26:30,320 --> 00:26:32,239 Speaker 1: I freak out if I have a cough for more 472 00:26:32,320 --> 00:26:33,000 Speaker 1: than two weeks. 473 00:26:33,440 --> 00:26:35,960 Speaker 2: So do you have any prosthetic limbs that are lethal 474 00:26:36,000 --> 00:26:38,160 Speaker 2: weapons of any kind? Write in let us know, send 475 00:26:38,240 --> 00:26:39,119 Speaker 2: us picks. We're interested. 476 00:26:39,160 --> 00:26:40,119 Speaker 1: Oh I tell you're asking me. 477 00:26:40,480 --> 00:26:42,440 Speaker 2: No, I know, I know you don't have any. 478 00:26:43,160 --> 00:26:48,320 Speaker 1: All right, man, man, let's keep moving. Yes, how can 479 00:26:48,359 --> 00:26:50,840 Speaker 1: you find us? You can, We're so glad you asked. 480 00:26:50,960 --> 00:26:54,720 Speaker 1: You can find us on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter. We'd like 481 00:26:54,760 --> 00:26:58,359 Speaker 1: to give a special shout out to everybody's favorite community 482 00:26:58,400 --> 00:27:02,359 Speaker 1: page on the old f B that is Ridiculous Historians, 483 00:27:02,359 --> 00:27:05,080 Speaker 1: where you can shoot the breeze, see some pretty top 484 00:27:05,119 --> 00:27:08,720 Speaker 1: tier memes and give us suggestions for episodes you would 485 00:27:08,760 --> 00:27:12,199 Speaker 1: like to hear in the future. As always, thanks to 486 00:27:12,440 --> 00:27:16,119 Speaker 1: our super producers, especially to you super producer Paul for 487 00:27:16,320 --> 00:27:17,359 Speaker 1: filling in today. 488 00:27:17,400 --> 00:27:20,399 Speaker 2: Yeah, thanks to Alex Williams who composed this theme. Thanks 489 00:27:20,400 --> 00:27:24,440 Speaker 2: to the one and only irreplaceable yet occasionally replaceable super 490 00:27:24,440 --> 00:27:27,919 Speaker 2: producer Casey pegram here in spirit. Thanks to our research 491 00:27:27,960 --> 00:27:32,720 Speaker 2: peeps Eves, Jeffcoat and Christopher Hasiotis, who we love dearly. 492 00:27:32,800 --> 00:27:34,360 Speaker 2: Who just love those folks. They're the best. 493 00:27:34,480 --> 00:27:35,359 Speaker 1: He's a great guy. 494 00:27:35,400 --> 00:27:35,600 Speaker 2: You know. 495 00:27:35,800 --> 00:27:37,960 Speaker 1: He's a very talented food critic as well. 496 00:27:38,000 --> 00:27:40,479 Speaker 2: I do know that. And Eves is also on a 497 00:27:40,560 --> 00:27:44,800 Speaker 2: show called Afropunk Solution Sessions and a show called stuff 498 00:27:44,800 --> 00:27:46,240 Speaker 2: Mom Never told you should check those out. 499 00:27:46,400 --> 00:27:48,480 Speaker 1: Check them both out. We'd love to have Eves on 500 00:27:48,560 --> 00:27:52,080 Speaker 1: the show one day soon too, definitely, so spoiler alert 501 00:27:52,160 --> 00:27:56,080 Speaker 1: with that. And you know what, Noel, thanks tonife Man 502 00:27:56,359 --> 00:27:58,560 Speaker 1: for making it through the tough days and giving us 503 00:27:58,560 --> 00:28:04,560 Speaker 1: an inspiring story. And thanks to you sniping around 504 00:28:10,320 --> 00:28:14,119 Speaker 2: For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, 505 00:28:14,240 --> 00:28:16,359 Speaker 2: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.