1 00:00:04,240 --> 00:00:06,280 Speaker 1: Hey, and welcome to the Short Stuff. I'm Josh, and 2 00:00:06,320 --> 00:00:09,320 Speaker 1: there's Chuck and Jerry's here too, and we're about to 3 00:00:09,400 --> 00:00:13,800 Speaker 1: demonstrate the subject of today's Short Stuff. 4 00:00:13,520 --> 00:00:16,400 Speaker 2: On Jerry No, no. 5 00:00:16,200 --> 00:00:19,880 Speaker 1: Never, never, Okay, we're not going to do that. Let's 6 00:00:19,960 --> 00:00:21,240 Speaker 1: just describe it instead. 7 00:00:21,280 --> 00:00:24,800 Speaker 2: I guess. So we were just chatting before the show. 8 00:00:24,840 --> 00:00:28,360 Speaker 2: I know we've talked about this at some point, tarring 9 00:00:28,480 --> 00:00:29,200 Speaker 2: and feathering. 10 00:00:29,920 --> 00:00:32,760 Speaker 1: I don't know that I agree. I have zero recollection 11 00:00:32,880 --> 00:00:33,120 Speaker 1: of that. 12 00:00:33,440 --> 00:00:35,199 Speaker 2: I know we did. I know they covered it on 13 00:00:35,280 --> 00:00:39,519 Speaker 2: Ridiculous History, our colleagues Ben and Knowle. But I know 14 00:00:39,600 --> 00:00:43,480 Speaker 2: we talked about the stocks and tarring and feathering what 15 00:00:44,920 --> 00:00:46,960 Speaker 2: and I'd like to I want to think it was 16 00:00:47,000 --> 00:00:51,159 Speaker 2: like a top ten, you know, something like that, like 17 00:00:51,280 --> 00:00:54,000 Speaker 2: punishments or something from the old times. 18 00:00:54,320 --> 00:00:56,480 Speaker 1: I really don't know what you're talking about. 19 00:00:56,560 --> 00:01:00,560 Speaker 2: Seriously, Well, maybe someone will remind us. I'm trying to 20 00:01:00,560 --> 00:01:02,520 Speaker 2: google it now, but I'm not really seeing anything come 21 00:01:02,600 --> 00:01:06,000 Speaker 2: up except for that live July fourth show we did 22 00:01:06,080 --> 00:01:10,640 Speaker 2: with Hallie Haglin and Wyatt Sinek and Joe Randezzo. 23 00:01:11,120 --> 00:01:11,440 Speaker 1: Mm hm. 24 00:01:12,200 --> 00:01:14,560 Speaker 2: That was twenty eleven, So like I don't even count that. 25 00:01:15,200 --> 00:01:17,440 Speaker 1: Okay, let's not let's just move on and talk about 26 00:01:17,520 --> 00:01:18,520 Speaker 1: tarring and feathering. 27 00:01:18,840 --> 00:01:22,600 Speaker 2: That's right. This was a form of punishment and colonial 28 00:01:22,640 --> 00:01:28,800 Speaker 2: America that initially was done to criminals and then sort 29 00:01:28,800 --> 00:01:32,480 Speaker 2: of quickly was co opted and done to people that 30 00:01:32,520 --> 00:01:36,520 Speaker 2: they thought were you know, like the Sons of Liberty 31 00:01:36,560 --> 00:01:38,000 Speaker 2: took over and they're like, hey, if you're not on 32 00:01:38,000 --> 00:01:40,680 Speaker 2: board with us, and you're you're down with England, then 33 00:01:40,720 --> 00:01:42,000 Speaker 2: we might just haul you out in the street and 34 00:01:42,000 --> 00:01:42,520 Speaker 2: do this to you. 35 00:01:43,120 --> 00:01:47,319 Speaker 1: Yeah. It was a tactic of mop justice in colonial America, 36 00:01:47,560 --> 00:01:52,360 Speaker 1: essentially in revolutionary America, and it was so you so 37 00:01:52,560 --> 00:01:55,240 Speaker 1: did not want to be tarred and feathered, no, because 38 00:01:55,280 --> 00:01:58,960 Speaker 1: not only was it humiliating, it was also painful and 39 00:01:59,000 --> 00:02:02,840 Speaker 1: it usually was a ay by pretty serious beatings that 40 00:02:03,000 --> 00:02:05,240 Speaker 1: just the threat of being tarred and feathered could keep 41 00:02:05,240 --> 00:02:08,400 Speaker 1: people in line, you know. Yeah, and that's how they 42 00:02:08,480 --> 00:02:11,040 Speaker 1: used it. And like you said, it's used on criminals first, 43 00:02:11,120 --> 00:02:14,640 Speaker 1: but after I think the British really kind of stepped 44 00:02:14,720 --> 00:02:18,200 Speaker 1: up and its attempt to control and keep a stranglehold 45 00:02:18,240 --> 00:02:21,040 Speaker 1: on the American colonies, and that just kind of caused 46 00:02:21,080 --> 00:02:25,359 Speaker 1: the revolutionary colonists to bristol even further, especially like when 47 00:02:25,360 --> 00:02:28,160 Speaker 1: they passed the Townsend Acts, which were a series of 48 00:02:28,160 --> 00:02:31,000 Speaker 1: acts that really kind of put the colonies back under 49 00:02:31,040 --> 00:02:34,640 Speaker 1: the thumb of Great Britain. Tarring and feathering really stepped 50 00:02:34,720 --> 00:02:37,520 Speaker 1: up around that, So we're talking late seventeen sixties, early 51 00:02:37,600 --> 00:02:41,080 Speaker 1: seventeen seventies is when it was I guess the golden 52 00:02:41,120 --> 00:02:44,880 Speaker 1: age of tarring and feathering or in the American colonies. 53 00:02:45,000 --> 00:02:47,080 Speaker 2: I hope someone has a list that has named the 54 00:02:47,120 --> 00:02:51,400 Speaker 2: Golden ages that you have dubbed over the years. You too, Yeah, no, 55 00:02:51,520 --> 00:02:53,280 Speaker 2: but I don't know. You feel more of a Golden 56 00:02:53,320 --> 00:02:53,840 Speaker 2: Ager than me. 57 00:02:54,440 --> 00:02:56,760 Speaker 1: A I disagree. I think the Golden Age is your thing, 58 00:02:56,800 --> 00:02:57,680 Speaker 1: and I just took it. 59 00:02:58,440 --> 00:03:00,560 Speaker 2: Well, this is the Golden age of our disagreeing. 60 00:03:01,040 --> 00:03:03,679 Speaker 1: That's really funny. You really think that Golden age's mine. 61 00:03:03,720 --> 00:03:04,960 Speaker 1: I think of it as yours first. 62 00:03:05,000 --> 00:03:05,440 Speaker 2: Oh really? 63 00:03:05,880 --> 00:03:08,440 Speaker 1: Yeah? Yeah, oh, that's it's your gift to the world. 64 00:03:08,760 --> 00:03:10,600 Speaker 2: You know what someone will do Italian it's probably like 65 00:03:10,680 --> 00:03:12,000 Speaker 2: fifteen to fifteen. 66 00:03:12,880 --> 00:03:13,800 Speaker 1: That'd be appropriate. 67 00:03:14,560 --> 00:03:18,680 Speaker 2: So here's how you tar and feather somebody. You first 68 00:03:18,800 --> 00:03:21,840 Speaker 2: strip them down. Most of the times it was just 69 00:03:21,880 --> 00:03:23,760 Speaker 2: taking their shirt off, but a lot of times it 70 00:03:23,840 --> 00:03:26,600 Speaker 2: was or sometimes rather it was all of their clothes. 71 00:03:27,400 --> 00:03:30,640 Speaker 2: Then you would brush hot pine tar on their body. 72 00:03:30,919 --> 00:03:33,880 Speaker 2: This was a substance used on baseball bats and Major 73 00:03:33,960 --> 00:03:37,400 Speaker 2: League Baseball to cause stickiness and also to waterproof ships 74 00:03:37,440 --> 00:03:40,040 Speaker 2: and sails and things back in the day. And it 75 00:03:40,080 --> 00:03:43,520 Speaker 2: was hot. It wasn't as hot as like our petroleum 76 00:03:43,520 --> 00:03:45,360 Speaker 2: based tar that we use these days, but it would 77 00:03:45,640 --> 00:03:48,280 Speaker 2: blister and burn your skin, and it was not meant 78 00:03:48,320 --> 00:03:51,320 Speaker 2: to be comfortable. No, I mean not meant to be 79 00:03:51,320 --> 00:03:53,480 Speaker 2: comfortable in the stickiness, but also it was meant to 80 00:03:53,600 --> 00:03:53,960 Speaker 2: hurt you. 81 00:03:54,800 --> 00:03:56,960 Speaker 1: Yeah. So pine tar melts at one hundred and forty 82 00:03:57,040 --> 00:04:00,080 Speaker 1: degrees parent height, which is sixty degrees celsius. So you 83 00:04:00,160 --> 00:04:02,480 Speaker 1: can imagine hot pine tar and your skin would not 84 00:04:02,600 --> 00:04:06,720 Speaker 1: be would not make you happy at all. The colinist 85 00:04:06,720 --> 00:04:10,760 Speaker 1: would very frequently brush it on, and then sometimes they 86 00:04:10,760 --> 00:04:13,720 Speaker 1: would pour it on, which would be way worse. And 87 00:04:13,840 --> 00:04:15,960 Speaker 1: as far as we know, no one died from tarring 88 00:04:16,040 --> 00:04:18,880 Speaker 1: and feathering. But like you said, this is not something 89 00:04:18,880 --> 00:04:21,560 Speaker 1: you wanted to go through. That was the pain part. 90 00:04:22,520 --> 00:04:25,800 Speaker 1: The humiliation part was quickly quick on the heels of 91 00:04:25,880 --> 00:04:26,599 Speaker 1: the pain part. 92 00:04:27,279 --> 00:04:30,680 Speaker 2: That's right. They would stand someone up in front of 93 00:04:30,720 --> 00:04:35,800 Speaker 2: a large fan and they would put a table full 94 00:04:35,839 --> 00:04:37,520 Speaker 2: of chicken feathers in front of that van and then 95 00:04:37,520 --> 00:04:38,080 Speaker 2: plug it in. 96 00:04:38,560 --> 00:04:39,960 Speaker 1: This is like a muppet sketch. 97 00:04:40,200 --> 00:04:41,760 Speaker 2: No, actually, they wouldn't do it that way, of course, 98 00:04:41,800 --> 00:04:43,760 Speaker 2: but they would. They would then bring out those chicken 99 00:04:43,760 --> 00:04:46,160 Speaker 2: feathers and they would dump them on someone to make 100 00:04:46,160 --> 00:04:47,400 Speaker 2: them look like a big chicken. 101 00:04:48,080 --> 00:04:51,800 Speaker 1: And hopefully you weren't a colonial germophote, because that would 102 00:04:51,800 --> 00:04:53,440 Speaker 1: have freaked you out really badly. 103 00:04:53,720 --> 00:04:56,840 Speaker 2: Yeah, that's a good point, like one on your tard lip. 104 00:04:56,920 --> 00:04:59,640 Speaker 2: No good. And then they would put them on a 105 00:04:59,680 --> 00:05:02,880 Speaker 2: cart usually and they would or or a wooden rail 106 00:05:03,000 --> 00:05:06,280 Speaker 2: or something, and they would parade them through town mock them. 107 00:05:06,680 --> 00:05:09,200 Speaker 2: Sometimes they would hold up signs saying like what they 108 00:05:09,200 --> 00:05:11,560 Speaker 2: had done that kind of thing. And like you said, 109 00:05:11,560 --> 00:05:13,680 Speaker 2: a lot of times there were whippings and beatings that 110 00:05:13,760 --> 00:05:14,640 Speaker 2: also came along with it. 111 00:05:15,320 --> 00:05:18,400 Speaker 1: Yes, And one of the most famous episodes of tarring 112 00:05:18,440 --> 00:05:23,279 Speaker 1: and feathering and Colonial America took place on top of 113 00:05:23,440 --> 00:05:26,160 Speaker 1: John Malcolm, a customs official. And I say, we take 114 00:05:26,160 --> 00:05:28,279 Speaker 1: a break and we'll come back and tell the sorry 115 00:05:28,320 --> 00:05:31,080 Speaker 1: story of the tarring and feathering of John Malcolm. 116 00:05:32,279 --> 00:05:35,520 Speaker 2: As why s k as. 117 00:05:39,160 --> 00:05:52,080 Speaker 1: Should know, definitely should know child of y S. 118 00:05:52,200 --> 00:05:57,960 Speaker 2: K all Right, Josh promised a specific case of tarring 119 00:05:57,960 --> 00:06:01,920 Speaker 2: and feathering. It's probably the most egregious famous case when 120 00:06:02,839 --> 00:06:08,480 Speaker 2: customs official John Malcolm hit a supporter of the Patriots 121 00:06:08,480 --> 00:06:11,560 Speaker 2: there in Boston. And I don't mean a Tom Brady fan, 122 00:06:12,160 --> 00:06:15,279 Speaker 2: I mean the og Patriots. This is in seventeen seventy four, 123 00:06:15,279 --> 00:06:18,680 Speaker 2: in January, and the mob got ahold of him. They 124 00:06:18,800 --> 00:06:22,159 Speaker 2: tarred and feathered him. And this is quotes from an 125 00:06:22,200 --> 00:06:27,840 Speaker 2: actual article from the time. Quote punched with wh a 126 00:06:27,839 --> 00:06:32,320 Speaker 2: long pole, beaten with clubs, capital c led to Liberty tree. 127 00:06:32,640 --> 00:06:36,279 Speaker 2: They're whipped with cords and though a very cold night, 128 00:06:36,640 --> 00:06:38,840 Speaker 2: led onto the gallows, then whipped again. 129 00:06:40,560 --> 00:06:45,000 Speaker 1: And because that tarring and feathering caused such burns and blisters, quote, 130 00:06:45,000 --> 00:06:47,680 Speaker 1: they say his flesh comes off his back in steaks. 131 00:06:48,680 --> 00:06:50,919 Speaker 1: I looked all over for what that use of steaks was, 132 00:06:50,920 --> 00:06:53,560 Speaker 1: couldn't find it, but just suffice to say his flush 133 00:06:53,680 --> 00:06:55,279 Speaker 1: was coming off his back very easily. 134 00:06:55,520 --> 00:06:57,599 Speaker 2: Well, I would think steaks like you would eat, but 135 00:06:57,680 --> 00:06:59,200 Speaker 2: it's spelled st A k E. 136 00:06:59,320 --> 00:07:05,719 Speaker 1: S no idea hm. So John Malcolm, he was a 137 00:07:05,760 --> 00:07:08,120 Speaker 1: real piece of work. Don't feel too sorry for him. 138 00:07:08,880 --> 00:07:11,120 Speaker 1: The person that he's struck in the street. That led 139 00:07:11,120 --> 00:07:14,640 Speaker 1: to his tarring and feathering interceded when John Malcolm was 140 00:07:14,640 --> 00:07:17,320 Speaker 1: threatening a boy, right, So he was not the greatest 141 00:07:17,320 --> 00:07:19,800 Speaker 1: guy ever. And if that doesn't really kind of tell 142 00:07:19,880 --> 00:07:23,520 Speaker 1: you what kind of person John Malcolm was. That tarring 143 00:07:23,560 --> 00:07:28,720 Speaker 1: and feathering was his second in two years he was 144 00:07:28,800 --> 00:07:31,480 Speaker 1: tarred and feathered. He was a tax collector of customs 145 00:07:31,480 --> 00:07:34,480 Speaker 1: official I think customs official right, and he was just 146 00:07:34,520 --> 00:07:36,440 Speaker 1: a real jerk from what I can tell. 147 00:07:37,000 --> 00:07:39,520 Speaker 2: Yeah, he would be what's that Reddit? Who's the a hole? 148 00:07:39,600 --> 00:07:43,760 Speaker 2: Or am I the a hole? He'd be very popular 149 00:07:43,800 --> 00:07:47,400 Speaker 2: thread on that one. Probably people would be like, yes, yeah, 150 00:07:47,440 --> 00:07:49,680 Speaker 2: that was not the first one though, that's just merely 151 00:07:49,720 --> 00:07:54,200 Speaker 2: the most famous. The first one was in seventeen sixty six, 152 00:07:54,960 --> 00:07:59,480 Speaker 2: eight years before this, in Norfolk, Virginia, when a William Smith, 153 00:07:59,480 --> 00:08:03,120 Speaker 2: who was a sea captain, and this is another great quote, 154 00:08:03,120 --> 00:08:06,600 Speaker 2: he wrote this down that seven men, including the mayor, 155 00:08:06,680 --> 00:08:10,160 Speaker 2: had bedaubed my body and face all over with tar 156 00:08:10,280 --> 00:08:12,240 Speaker 2: and afterwards threw feathers upon. 157 00:08:12,000 --> 00:08:15,280 Speaker 1: Me the mayor. Can't you see him being like you're 158 00:08:15,320 --> 00:08:20,640 Speaker 1: the mayor? The Mayor's like so eruh. So they also 159 00:08:20,680 --> 00:08:25,240 Speaker 1: threw rotten eggs at him stones. They then they humiliated 160 00:08:25,280 --> 00:08:27,480 Speaker 1: him by carting him through every street in the town 161 00:08:27,520 --> 00:08:30,800 Speaker 1: with two drums beating, so they weren't trying to do 162 00:08:30,840 --> 00:08:33,439 Speaker 1: this subtly. And then they tossed him off a wharf 163 00:08:33,440 --> 00:08:36,160 Speaker 1: where he nearly drowned from what I read, and the 164 00:08:36,280 --> 00:08:38,960 Speaker 1: reason that he was tired and feathered is that he 165 00:08:39,000 --> 00:08:42,439 Speaker 1: had been accused of tipping off a royal official about 166 00:08:42,480 --> 00:08:48,079 Speaker 1: smuggling going on, and the Patriots the Whigs did not 167 00:08:48,280 --> 00:08:51,000 Speaker 1: take very kindly to that kind of thing. And because 168 00:08:51,080 --> 00:08:54,560 Speaker 1: it worked so well, the Sons of Liberty and just 169 00:08:54,640 --> 00:08:59,120 Speaker 1: Bostonians in general started adopting tarring and feathering three years 170 00:08:59,160 --> 00:09:02,440 Speaker 1: after Williams Smith T andF episode. 171 00:09:03,840 --> 00:09:04,400 Speaker 2: Not P ANDV. 172 00:09:05,360 --> 00:09:07,960 Speaker 1: So let's tell them a little bit about the who 173 00:09:08,040 --> 00:09:10,720 Speaker 1: got tard each other, Like we said, customs officials, that 174 00:09:10,800 --> 00:09:15,160 Speaker 1: kind of stuff, people who were not loyal to the revolution, 175 00:09:15,679 --> 00:09:20,320 Speaker 1: people who are more loyal to the crown still, but 176 00:09:20,360 --> 00:09:22,760 Speaker 1: there was like a even among those people, there was 177 00:09:22,760 --> 00:09:25,800 Speaker 1: still just a certain subset that were true targets of 178 00:09:26,000 --> 00:09:26,880 Speaker 1: tarring and feathering. 179 00:09:27,400 --> 00:09:30,120 Speaker 2: Yeah, there was sort of a carve out for the 180 00:09:30,160 --> 00:09:33,920 Speaker 2: Brits or the colonial Brits. I guess that were of 181 00:09:33,920 --> 00:09:37,480 Speaker 2: a little higher status. It wasn't They still had this 182 00:09:37,600 --> 00:09:42,280 Speaker 2: kind of reverence for that social structure going on. And 183 00:09:42,320 --> 00:09:45,720 Speaker 2: so if you were an officer, a British officer, or 184 00:09:45,760 --> 00:09:48,920 Speaker 2: if you were loyal to the crown and you were 185 00:09:49,000 --> 00:09:51,600 Speaker 2: wealthy or something, or just of a higher class, you 186 00:09:51,600 --> 00:09:53,360 Speaker 2: would not be tart and feathered. It was kind of 187 00:09:53,400 --> 00:09:57,520 Speaker 2: just for the under classes and the lower classes, you know, 188 00:09:57,600 --> 00:10:00,920 Speaker 2: working class, middle class, kind of in the same way 189 00:10:01,000 --> 00:10:02,400 Speaker 2: I saw. I'm not sure where you got this, but 190 00:10:02,440 --> 00:10:05,080 Speaker 2: it was likened to the fact that you wouldn't be 191 00:10:05,160 --> 00:10:08,000 Speaker 2: challenged to a duel if you wanted to get revenge 192 00:10:08,000 --> 00:10:10,079 Speaker 2: on someone, if they were a lower class you would 193 00:10:10,120 --> 00:10:13,280 Speaker 2: just like, you know, get in a fight or horsewhip 194 00:10:13,360 --> 00:10:13,960 Speaker 2: them or something. 195 00:10:14,400 --> 00:10:18,160 Speaker 1: Yeah, it was an insult that really played up that 196 00:10:18,240 --> 00:10:21,160 Speaker 1: person's inferior social status. 197 00:10:21,360 --> 00:10:22,040 Speaker 2: Yeah, exactly. 198 00:10:22,640 --> 00:10:25,400 Speaker 1: So it took There was one last instance of tarring 199 00:10:25,400 --> 00:10:29,439 Speaker 1: and feathering that took clear it in the nineteen eighties. 200 00:10:29,640 --> 00:10:35,440 Speaker 1: So in Alabama in nineteen eighty one, that's impossible, No, 201 00:10:35,600 --> 00:10:38,160 Speaker 1: oh no, it's not. So there was a woman named 202 00:10:38,160 --> 00:10:43,120 Speaker 1: Marietta Macklway and her sister got their hands on a 203 00:10:43,160 --> 00:10:47,040 Speaker 1: woman named Elizabeth Jamison, and Elizabeth Jamison was going to 204 00:10:47,160 --> 00:10:52,040 Speaker 1: marry Marietta Macklway's ex husband later that week, and so 205 00:10:52,160 --> 00:10:55,880 Speaker 1: Marietta and her sister held Elizabeth at shotgun point and 206 00:10:55,920 --> 00:10:59,400 Speaker 1: cut her hair and tarred and feathered her in nineteen 207 00:10:59,520 --> 00:11:02,520 Speaker 1: eighty one. Wow, and you would think, like, wow, that 208 00:11:02,640 --> 00:11:06,640 Speaker 1: must have really worked wrong. Marietta and her sister were 209 00:11:06,679 --> 00:11:11,800 Speaker 1: both arrested like appropriately, and Elizabeth washed off all of 210 00:11:11,800 --> 00:11:14,439 Speaker 1: the tar later that week, got a wig, and they 211 00:11:14,600 --> 00:11:18,640 Speaker 1: got married after all. Wow, isn't that quite a story? 212 00:11:19,679 --> 00:11:20,760 Speaker 2: Yeah? Where was that again? 213 00:11:21,600 --> 00:11:23,040 Speaker 1: Nineteen eighty one in Alabama? 214 00:11:23,440 --> 00:11:23,920 Speaker 2: Eighty one? 215 00:11:25,040 --> 00:11:26,720 Speaker 1: Nineteen eighty one? 216 00:11:27,120 --> 00:11:30,480 Speaker 2: I thought you said ninety one earlier? No, I mean 217 00:11:30,559 --> 00:11:32,160 Speaker 2: eighty one's not any better. 218 00:11:32,240 --> 00:11:35,319 Speaker 1: Yeah, you're like, oh yeah, yeah, everybody's doing that in 219 00:11:35,360 --> 00:11:35,920 Speaker 1: the eighties. 220 00:11:36,240 --> 00:11:38,320 Speaker 2: No, No, No, that's still hard to believe. 221 00:11:38,840 --> 00:11:43,240 Speaker 1: Yeah, you're like, nineties, that's crazy. So can't you imagine 222 00:11:43,280 --> 00:11:46,000 Speaker 1: somebody tarring and feathering somebody just like Zach Morris or 223 00:11:46,000 --> 00:11:46,920 Speaker 1: something wearing. 224 00:11:46,600 --> 00:11:50,200 Speaker 2: A cosmic shudder? Yeah not at all. 225 00:11:50,440 --> 00:11:53,000 Speaker 1: I guess, Chuck. Things seem to have petered out a 226 00:11:53,040 --> 00:11:54,719 Speaker 1: little bit, and we've said everything we have to say 227 00:11:54,720 --> 00:11:57,080 Speaker 1: about tarring and feathering. So I say short stuff is 228 00:11:57,080 --> 00:11:58,160 Speaker 1: that agreed? 229 00:12:01,960 --> 00:12:04,880 Speaker 2: Stuff you should know is a production of iHeartRadio. For 230 00:12:04,960 --> 00:12:09,120 Speaker 2: more podcasts my Heeart Radio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, 231 00:12:09,240 --> 00:12:11,079 Speaker 2: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.