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Speaker 1: Also media.

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Speaker 2: Hey, everybody, welcome to Behind the Bastards, and I know

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Speaker 2: what you're all saying. Congratulations Robert on finally being appointed

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Speaker 2: the new Pope of the Catholic Church Pontiffects Maximus. I

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Speaker 2: was as surprised as anybody. I wake up in the morning,

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Speaker 2: I see a phone notification that says, you know, Vatican

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Speaker 2: Conclave appoints new Pope Robert, and then the rest of

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Speaker 2: the title got cut off.

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Speaker 3: But I understood what the rest of it was. Obviously.

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Speaker 2: I've been celebrating the last couple of days, have not

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Speaker 2: really checked in online, but am now going to check

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Speaker 2: in with my guests for this day, Sophie Lichtormen will

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Speaker 2: not my guest, but my co host and producer and

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Speaker 2: our guest for today, Blake Wexler.

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Speaker 3: Do either of you have a.

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Speaker 2: Boon to ask now that I am the literal mouth

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Speaker 2: of God.

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Speaker 4: So I got an email saying I was Pontiff wex

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Speaker 4: and I don't know if that was a typo or

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Speaker 4: what happened.

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Speaker 2: So yes, no, that's a new position I've created specifically

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Speaker 2: for you.

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Speaker 4: Thank you.

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Speaker 2: Yes, you are responsible solely for the spiritual guidance of

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Speaker 2: all Blakes and all Wexler's. It's a fairly large responsibility.

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Speaker 4: Yeah, well there's not a lot of Catholic Wexlers.

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Speaker 2: Well then you got a lot of work ahead of you,

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Speaker 2: don't You're my friend, Robert.

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Speaker 1: I have a request.

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Speaker 3: Uh huh?

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Speaker 1: Can you heal Lebron and make him thirty?

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Speaker 2: I've already done it, Sophie, heay gaze upon it and

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Speaker 2: know it. Yes, God has already touched him. He has

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Speaker 2: another forty year career ahead.

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Speaker 3: Of him, Thank you God.

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Speaker 4: I just don't know.

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Speaker 2: He's going to be dunking into his sixties.

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Speaker 4: Fantastic.

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Speaker 2: He's going to be praying for death, begging for anything

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Speaker 2: but another season with the Lakers.

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Speaker 4: We won't let him stop. Yeah, we won't let him stop.

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Speaker 4: That's the plot of Space Jame three, by the way, begging.

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Speaker 1: Die.

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Speaker 2: Yes, that's what God wants, is pope. I know the

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Speaker 2: other thing I gotta say, Unfortunately, as we learned with

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Speaker 2: the last Pope, popes are more or less helpless to

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Speaker 2: stop the world from descending into fascism or the slaughter

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Speaker 2: of children overseas. It's a bummer. So what really only

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Speaker 2: random bullshit is what I'm in power to do. And

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Speaker 2: today The thing that I'm going to do that is

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Speaker 2: not enough but might be a little useful, is explain

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Speaker 2: to you the intellectual underpinning of fascism. Right specifically, there's

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Speaker 2: a guy, a single dude who's probably the only genius

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Speaker 2: in the history of like fascist like legal philosophy and theory,

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Speaker 2: who were going to talk about And the basics of

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Speaker 2: this story is when the Nazis started coming to power,

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Speaker 2: you had this guy Hitler who was really charismatic, who

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Speaker 2: was good at drawing in people, and you had, you know,

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Speaker 2: this movement that was clearly on its way to taking power,

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Speaker 2: and there was not really much beyond that. There wasn't

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Speaker 2: a consistent set of beliefs because a lot of early Nazis,

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Speaker 2: that's why they had the lot of ni idol long knives.

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Speaker 2: There are a lot of disagreements between them, and there

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Speaker 2: was this kind of competition for like who is going

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Speaker 2: to figure out what the political philosophy of fascism is.

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Speaker 2: And the guy we're talking about the day is the

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Speaker 2: dude who won that struggle and he's gone on to

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Speaker 2: influence He's kind of the thinker behind the neo conservative

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Speaker 2: movement that dominated during the Bush years. He's the thinker

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Speaker 2: behind you know, Putin's rise to power in a lot

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Speaker 2: of ways. He's a very influential guy. So, Blake are

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Speaker 2: you Are you excited to hear about him?

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Speaker 4: I'm both dreading it and excited. I can't wait.

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Speaker 2: Before we close out our cold Open. You want to

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Speaker 2: plug your pluggables right here at the top.

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Speaker 4: Oh my god, I love that. Yeah, that's a fantastic process. Yes,

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Speaker 4: I am first Wall me names Blake Wexler at Blake

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Speaker 4: Wexler and all social media. I have a stand up

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Speaker 4: special called Daddy Long Legs, which is available for free

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Speaker 4: on YouTube on August. Firth first and Firth I do all.

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Speaker 4: My My calendar is Colin Firth. He's all over every

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Speaker 4: single month of my cab. I know that's why I

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Speaker 4: mispronounced that. But August first, I'm going to be in

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Speaker 4: Philadelphia doing stand up, and then in late August I'm

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Speaker 4: going to be in Wilkesbury and then yeah, there'll be

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Speaker 4: more dates popping up on my social media that aren't

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Speaker 4: in Pennsylvania. So yeah, you can find me all those places.

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Speaker 2: Excellent, excellent, All right, everybody, let's come back after the

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Speaker 2: Cold Open, and we're back all right, Blake, are you

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Speaker 2: ready to.

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Speaker 3: Get into this tale? Are you ready to learn?

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Speaker 2: So you're ready to lock in here, Blake, lock in

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Speaker 2: learn about Nazi jurisprudence.

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Speaker 4: I'm a jurisprude, but yeah, no, let's dive it.

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Speaker 3: So was this motherfucker? Actually? Yeah?

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Speaker 2: So today we're going to talk about Carl Schmidt, and

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Speaker 2: Carl Schmidt is the He did a lot of things

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Speaker 2: in terms of like coming up with intellectual underpinnings for

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Speaker 2: what we call fascism today. The number one thing he

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Speaker 2: did was figure out how to destroy liberal to democracy.

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Speaker 2: And this is why I call him a genius. A

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Speaker 2: lot of fascist thinkers were like dipshits and bigots, and

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Speaker 2: maybe they had they had certain kinds of cunning. Like

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Speaker 2: Hitler was very smart at certain things. The man who

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Speaker 2: had to work a crowd. That's an intelligence, the same

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Speaker 2: kind of intelligence Donald Trump has, right, Like intelligence isn't

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Speaker 2: an objective thing that people are good at certain things.

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Speaker 2: Stephen Miller has certain kinds of evil intelligence for scheming

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Speaker 2: in certain ways. Karl Schmidt was just an actual genius.

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Speaker 2: And he was a genius in an evil way and

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Speaker 2: in a way that was like fucked up. But was

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Speaker 2: very broad, and the thing that he figured out before

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Speaker 2: anyone else was how to kill a liberal democracy as

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Speaker 2: like the far right, as like a member of a

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Speaker 2: reactionary party. And it's the same playbook. What the playbook

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Speaker 2: he wrote out in the twenties is exactly what's happened here, right,

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Speaker 2: So that's that is the degree of mind this guy has.

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Speaker 2: And so as much of a fucked up weirdo as

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Speaker 2: he is, he is a legitimately like smart man, which

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Speaker 2: is unfortunate, righty.

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Speaker 3: It's always so.

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Speaker 2: Much easier when you can kind of write these guys

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Speaker 2: off as like freaks, but you just can't with Karl,

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Speaker 2: with old Schmidty as we will not be calling him.

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Speaker 4: It's a little humanizing.

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Speaker 2: It's a little humanizing. Good old Schmitty, Yeah, good old Schmidty.

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Speaker 2: So Schmidty. Karl Schmidt was born on July eleventh, eighteen

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Speaker 2: eighty eight, which means he comes into the world right

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Speaker 2: as Germany the state becomes a legal adult and thus

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Speaker 2: is able to buy scratch off tickets at the gas station.

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Speaker 2: I'm not sure if Germany ever did that. Maybe we'd

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Speaker 2: have been better off if they'd gotten really into fucking

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Speaker 2: paper casino bullshit, but trying to put their energy into

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Speaker 2: right right, right, Yeah, getting really into the power ball,

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Speaker 2: right exactly. So one thing right off the bat that

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Speaker 2: separates him from most future reactionaries is that he never

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Speaker 2: loves Imperial Germany or the Kaiser.

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Speaker 4: He is not.

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Speaker 2: Most of these guys at least have some degree of

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Speaker 2: like ah back in you know, the good old days

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Speaker 2: of the Second Reich. He is never that guy. And

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Speaker 2: he's never that guy because he comes from a marginalized

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Speaker 2: population within the set at Reich, which is Catholics, right,

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Speaker 2: which very much are in a lot of ways.

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Speaker 4: Right.

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Speaker 2: We don't really think about Catholics that way now, but

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Speaker 2: even in the US it was a big deal when

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Speaker 2: JFK got elected president, Like there were people who are

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Speaker 2: like a papist in the White House. He's a Vatican stooge.

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Speaker 2: And it's much worse in Germany in the late eighteen hundreds, right.

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Speaker 2: I know, it's hard to imagine like Catholics as like

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Speaker 2: a marginal lot, but I mean think about like Ireland, right,

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Speaker 2: Like you know, under the English thumb, right, there's a

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Speaker 2: lot of oppression of Catholics, even as the Catholic Church

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Speaker 2: is also doing horrible things in Ireland, right, You know,

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Speaker 2: shit's complicated. So the fact that he does not like

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Speaker 2: the Reich at any point in his childhood, it's a

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Speaker 2: product of both his family religion, as I said, Catholicism,

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Speaker 2: and of the origin of his family where they come

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Speaker 2: from geographically, because his family hails from a place called Bossendorff,

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Speaker 2: which is a small village on the Alfbach river in

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Speaker 2: the Eifel Mountains. This village is about six kilometers from

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Speaker 2: the Mosel, which is mos Elle, which is a major

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Speaker 2: river in Germany, and all his life Schmidt identified primarily

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Speaker 2: as a Mausoleanian. Right now, that probably means nothing to

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Speaker 2: most of you listening, and that probably doesn't mean a

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Speaker 2: whole lot more to the people who have to happen

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Speaker 2: to be German, right, because things are. It means a

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Speaker 2: different thing now even than it does to like Germans today. Right,

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Speaker 2: Coming from this region in the late eighteen hundreds, when

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Speaker 2: Germany has not been a thing for long, means a

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Speaker 2: very different thing. This whole part of the country, which

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Speaker 2: biographer Reinhard Mehring just refers to as the Eiffel, is

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Speaker 2: sort of on like the southeast point of Germany, and

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Speaker 2: it's right next to Lorraine, which today is part of France,

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Speaker 2: but had been taken eighteen years earlier from France after

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Speaker 2: the Franco Prussian War ended, and was thus part of

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Speaker 2: Germany at the time that he's born. So the region

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Speaker 2: he comes into is right next to this traditionally French region,

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Speaker 2: And as a result, Karl and his family don't consider

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Speaker 2: themselves like Germans, certainly not in the way that like

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Speaker 2: Germans will in a couple of decades. They are French Germans,

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Speaker 2: and they feel both French and German, right, and there's

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Speaker 2: a tension between a lot of his family does live

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Speaker 2: in Lorraine, right, and so there's this tension between his

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Speaker 2: family and the Pan German ideology that suffused the second Riche,

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Speaker 2: which is very anti French. Because they're not anti French, right,

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Speaker 2: their relatives are French, they feel kind of French. So

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Speaker 2: you're both part of this Catholic minority and you're also

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Speaker 2: like kind of French, so you're just not fully on

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Speaker 2: board with the whole Kaiser thing. Now, obviously, when I

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Speaker 2: say these are marginalized people, it's not nearly in the

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Speaker 2: same way as like even a Jewish person in this

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Speaker 2: period of time is marginalized, but you don't escape bias either.

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Speaker 2: Karl was born in a town called Plettenberg, where his

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Speaker 2: parents had moved right before having him. This was not

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Speaker 2: far from where he's born, but it was a little

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Speaker 2: bit nearer to the imperial core of Germany. More to

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Speaker 2: the point, it means that Karl grows up in a

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Speaker 2: large town that's developing rapidly because it's industrializing. But he's

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Speaker 2: a distinct religious minority in that town. As by biographer

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Speaker 2: Reinhard Mehering writes in Karl Schmidt a biography, this means

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Speaker 2: belonging to a confessional minority in an intensely evangelical environment,

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Speaker 2: an environment partly even of Protestant sectarianism. So everyone around

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Speaker 2: him is like a Lutheran and they don't like Catholics

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Speaker 2: very much, right, And people are kind of dicks to him, right.

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Speaker 4: Those One of the theses I believe is that we Catholics.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, fuck the Pope, which I take offense to now

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Speaker 2: obviously because.

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Speaker 4: Of the Pope. I'm sorry you had to read that.

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Speaker 4: That's not fair to you in your new position.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, it's hurtful, it's hurtful. Yeah. So this was

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Speaker 2: particularly difficult for Catholics during Karl's early life, because he

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Speaker 2: is born kind of in the shadow of something that

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Speaker 2: occurs at the early stages of the German Empire called

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Speaker 2: the culture komp right and if you remember, you know,

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Speaker 2: min komf is my struggle, culture camp, culture struggle. It's

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Speaker 2: not quite culture war, but it basically means that, right,

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Speaker 2: and what the culture comp is is in the late

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Speaker 2: eighteen seventies, right after the Reich is born Otto von Bismarck,

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Speaker 2: who's like he's the architect of Germany, right, he's like

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Speaker 2: the visier whispering into the ear of the Prussian king,

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Speaker 2: and his plots and schemes lead to the culmination of

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Speaker 2: the Franco Prussian War in the creation of Germany. And

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Speaker 2: Bismarck is kind of dealing with a problem in the

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Speaker 2: early days of Germany that would later be devil Hitler,

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Speaker 2: which is that the Catholic Church isn't just a church, right,

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Speaker 2: not in the way that like, you know, the church

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Speaker 2: down the street from you probably is, assuming it's not

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Speaker 2: a Catholic church, you going to First Baptist or whatever,

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Speaker 2: that's like a church. It's a discreete organization and it

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Speaker 2: has maybe it's maybe the pastor there is political, maybe

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Speaker 2: he's not. But the church is just a church. Catholicism

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Speaker 2: is both a church and a government, right. There's an

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Speaker 2: actual micro state in the Vatican that they governed, but

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Speaker 2: also they had governed. They had been almost like the

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Speaker 2: Christian u in for a long time. They'd had armies

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Speaker 2: for long points of time, and even in this period,

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Speaker 2: nearly all social services in Catholic dominated regions of Europe

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Speaker 2: are run through and by the Church, right, so they

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Speaker 2: are still, to a degree in this period involved in

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Speaker 2: governing in a way that impacts people's lives. And Bismarck

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Speaker 2: doesn't like this because he's trying to centralize power within

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Speaker 2: a modern state, and the Catholic Church is an alternate

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Speaker 2: and perhaps opposing power center right. That might wind up

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Speaker 2: opposing the Kaiser, and that can make things dangerous for

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Speaker 2: the Kaiser and dangerous for the regime. Part of what

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Speaker 2: scares Bismarck is that the Pope is infallible, right, and

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Speaker 2: the Kaiser's just not, you know, like, even though things

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Speaker 2: are very strict, the Kaiser's kind of close to an

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Speaker 2: absolute monarch. There's not a widespread belief among Germans that

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Speaker 2: the Kaiser can't make mistakes, whereas Catholics are obliged to

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Speaker 2: believe that the pope is infallible and this Bismarck really

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Speaker 2: doesn't trust this, right.

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Speaker 4: That's a hard argument to win, where it really is

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Speaker 4: just back and forth. Once it's like I believe this,

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Speaker 4: Oh yeah, well I'm infalliable.

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Speaker 3: I'm infalliable.

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Speaker 2: And yet what Bismark's saying is both that like, well,

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Speaker 2: how do you win an argument with a guy who

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Speaker 2: can't be wrong?

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Speaker 3: And also a lot of.

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Speaker 2: People just feel like they owe the church because it's

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Speaker 2: providing them food when they're starving and shit, right, and

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Speaker 2: that's a complicated thing. So in the early part of

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Speaker 2: the German Empire, he kind of goes to he goes

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Speaker 2: on a culture war against the Catholic Church to strip

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Speaker 2: it of its influence. I want to quote from a

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Speaker 2: write up in EBSCO by Donald Sullivan here. Bismarck sought

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Speaker 2: to assert state control over the Church through a series

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Speaker 2: of laws aimed at reducing its influence and authority. These

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Speaker 2: measures included government oversight of Catholic seminaries, restrictions on clergy,

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Speaker 2: and the implementation of civil marriage laws, which removed the

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Speaker 2: Church's traditional role in marriage. Despite these efforts, the Culture

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Speaker 2: comp faced considerable resistance from the Catholic community, leading to

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Speaker 2: public sympathy among some Protestant Germans. And something kind of

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Speaker 2: like this is going to happen under the Nazis, right,

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Speaker 2: the Nazis have a little war with the Catholic Church.

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Speaker 2: The culture comp does not achieve its goals. Bismarck kind

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Speaker 2: of underestimates, how you know, one thing you got to say,

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Speaker 2: even if you hate it, the Catholic Church has staying power, right.

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Speaker 4: It's been around for a little bit round.

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Speaker 3: They can take a punch, you know.

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Speaker 2: And Bismarck, you know, Germany's pretty new and he's thinking

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Speaker 2: like I'm going to roll over these fuckers. And he's like,

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Speaker 2: oh no, no, they've got a lot of money in power.

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Speaker 4: Shit.

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Speaker 2: So by the late eighteen seventies, a lot of the

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Speaker 2: like harshest measures he'd tried to push through had been repealed.

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Speaker 2: Some stuff stays like, you know, the Catholic Church does lose.

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Speaker 2: They are not in control of marriage or of education

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Speaker 2: even in Catholic regions in the way that they had been.

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Speaker 2: So it's not a total failure. This conflict has largely

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Speaker 2: passed by the time Karl is born, and in fact,

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Speaker 2: the year of his birth is the same year that

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Speaker 2: Kaiservillehelm the Second takes the throne, which spells the beginning

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Speaker 2: of the end for Bismarck, so he is not going

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Speaker 2: to be in power much longer. Catholicism has kind of

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Speaker 2: outlasted him, but the hostility Catholics had to the Reich

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Speaker 2: of lingered as a result of this, and Carl's dad

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Speaker 2: is a Catholic activist right He sits in the local

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Speaker 2: parish council and he's always fighting for the rights of Catholics.

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Speaker 2: So before Carl's born, his dad is kind of fighting

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Speaker 2: Bismarck on this thing. Carl later described his father this way.

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Speaker 2: Throughout his life, he remained faithful to the Catholic cause

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Speaker 2: in a diaspora, which was still very hard at the time,

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Speaker 2: and he really admires his dad for this. He does

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Speaker 2: not like his mom spoilers for a fascist, but mom

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Speaker 2: issues issues with women in general.

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Speaker 3: Shocking.

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Speaker 4: It always starts with the momb, does it.

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Speaker 3: It's all of these guys.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, So this explains why, contrary to a lot of

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Speaker 2: reactionary Germans of his day, Carl's got no nostalgia for

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Speaker 2: the kaiser Reich because he never feels like a full

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Speaker 2: citizen of it. Another of Schmidt's biographers, go Paul Balakrishnan,

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Speaker 2: describes this situation ably in his book The Enemy. Most

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Speaker 2: poor small town Catholics lived in a world closed off

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Speaker 2: from a hostel increasingly secular society, a world in which

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Speaker 2: the local priest was a revered authority in matters of

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Speaker 2: politics and morality. And that's kind of where Carl is

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Speaker 2: growing up. He's in this town where he's a minority.

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Speaker 2: It's very cosmopolitan, but he goes to a Catholic school,

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Speaker 2: so he is separated from everyone who's not a Catholic,

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Speaker 2: and he lives in this kind of bubble. He's a

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Speaker 2: good student, very good student, and he's helped along by

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Speaker 2: the fact that his father is a stenographer who teaches

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Speaker 2: him how to write shorthand at an early age. So

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Speaker 2: Carl's always going to be very good at writing very quickly,

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Speaker 2: which is a real boon if you're going to be

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Speaker 2: an intellectual who's trying to like take advantage of shifting

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Speaker 2: trends when things are moving very quickly, that you can

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Speaker 2: get shit out quickly.

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Speaker 4: Because it is either writing or speaking right, like, you

335
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Speaker 4: either have to be a great you know, like speak.

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Speaker 2: Yeah, it's one or the two, one or the two.

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Speaker 2: There's the only ways to reach people, right exactly. There's

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Speaker 2: no like editing together a TikTok video or whatever. No, no, unfortunately, tragically,

339
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Speaker 2: ah to have seen Hitler's TikTok, if only for a minute. No,

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Speaker 2: we don't need that. We can already see Hitler's TikTok.

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Speaker 4: There's a bunch of them now.

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Speaker 3: There's a lot of talk.

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Speaker 2: So Schmid's family are working class, they're bordering on poor

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Speaker 2: in most cases. They voted for the Catholic Center Party,

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Speaker 2: which is, you know, a centrist party. Johann who's his

346
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Speaker 2: dad worked at a railway station, and Carl's relatives are

347
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Speaker 2: mostly kind of at a similar socioeconomic level. But his

348
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Speaker 2: dad's got one brother who gets rich by selling land

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Speaker 2: to mining concerns, and so he's kind of like supporting

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Speaker 2: a lot of the family whenever shit's difficult or whenever

351
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Speaker 2: a kid has like bills that their family can't afford,

352
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Speaker 2: and he and a lot of the rest of the

353
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Speaker 2: family pool resources. When they realize how smart Karl is

354
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Speaker 2: to invest in his education and the education of one

355
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Speaker 2: of his brothers. He's got two other brothers. One of

356
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Speaker 2: them is really smart, so Carl and his smart brother

357
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Speaker 2: get a lot of money put into them. His smart

358
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Speaker 2: brother goes on to become a medical doctor. Carl becomes

359
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Speaker 2: a jurist. His other brother is like, I don't know,

360
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Speaker 2: he doesn't do anything school related. Yeah, he's just fine.

361
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Speaker 2: He doesn't become he doesn't become a howling fascist, I

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Speaker 2: don't think. So, you know, he's got that going for him.

363
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Speaker 2: So we know glaringly little other than this about Carl's

364
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Speaker 2: early childhood, which he never discussed at length. He did

365
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Speaker 2: speak positively about his dad, but he does not speak

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Speaker 2: about his mom.

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Speaker 4: Well.

368
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Speaker 2: Mehring, who is his best biographer, simply writes, Schmid would

369
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Speaker 2: sometimes speak about her in rather negative terms, and boy

370
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Speaker 2: boy did he. We'll get to more of that later.

371
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Speaker 2: It's tantalizing to want to pull more from these scant details,

372
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Speaker 2: but we simply don't have it. He learned to play piano,

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Speaker 2: We know that he got good marks in school, and

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Speaker 2: then at age eleven he has an experience that was

375
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Speaker 2: familiar to all of the sons of like ambitious families

376
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Speaker 2: at this period. Of time anywhere in Europe, which is

377
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Speaker 2: that he got shipped off to like a boarding school,

378
00:18:47,680 --> 00:18:50,920
Speaker 2: right where you know, time to leave your family behind

379
00:18:51,040 --> 00:18:52,880
Speaker 2: and learn how to do whatever it is you're going

380
00:18:52,920 --> 00:18:55,679
Speaker 2: to do. And this is the same in Germany as

381
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Speaker 2: it is basically everywhere else. So he leaves this town

382
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Speaker 2: where he's a member of an outnumbered religious minority for

383
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Speaker 2: a closed world in which everyone around him is Catholic

384
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Speaker 2: as fuck, and he lives there. You know, a large

385
00:19:07,840 --> 00:19:11,080
Speaker 2: portion of the time, his mom wants him to become

386
00:19:11,119 --> 00:19:14,040
Speaker 2: a priest, right, she wants him to get into the clergy,

387
00:19:14,600 --> 00:19:16,960
Speaker 2: and he's not interested in this at all, and she

388
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Speaker 2: never forgives him for this. Right. It's like your mama

389
00:19:19,640 --> 00:19:22,120
Speaker 2: wants you to be a doctor or whatever and you

390
00:19:22,200 --> 00:19:24,680
Speaker 2: fall into some other career and she's just always kind

391
00:19:24,680 --> 00:19:28,439
Speaker 2: of pissed at him. Now, Carl's grades qualify him for

392
00:19:28,520 --> 00:19:32,320
Speaker 2: a scholarship. Eventually he leaves this Catholic school for a

393
00:19:32,359 --> 00:19:37,000
Speaker 2: prestigious local secular gymnasium in Germany that means high school,

394
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Speaker 2: which is confusing. You're not talking about going to work out,

395
00:19:40,240 --> 00:19:41,600
Speaker 2: you're talking about high school.

396
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Speaker 3: More or less. This is odd.

397
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Speaker 2: The fact that he gets to leave his Catholic school

398
00:19:46,600 --> 00:19:48,639
Speaker 2: and go to this secular school is weird because, as

399
00:19:48,680 --> 00:19:52,240
Speaker 2: Balakrishnan writes, Bookish Catholic children were usually singled out as

400
00:19:52,320 --> 00:19:54,919
Speaker 2: potential candidates for the priesthood and would not typically have

401
00:19:54,920 --> 00:19:57,040
Speaker 2: been exposed to the full course of studies. It's such

402
00:19:57,040 --> 00:19:59,479
Speaker 2: a gymnasium. The fact that he was allowed to continue

403
00:19:59,520 --> 00:20:01,879
Speaker 2: his studies suggests that his family placed more value on

404
00:20:01,920 --> 00:20:05,120
Speaker 2: a secular education than was typical of their kind. Right,

405
00:20:05,720 --> 00:20:08,040
Speaker 2: So even though his mom has these goals for him,

406
00:20:08,080 --> 00:20:10,760
Speaker 2: he's allowed to go to a secular school when it's

407
00:20:10,800 --> 00:20:12,760
Speaker 2: clear that that's what he wants, and that is kind

408
00:20:12,800 --> 00:20:16,320
Speaker 2: of interesting. It does show that like they are also modernizing,

409
00:20:16,320 --> 00:20:18,840
Speaker 2: they're not completely stuck in the old way things had been.

410
00:20:19,480 --> 00:20:22,880
Speaker 2: And this going to this secular school kind of ends

411
00:20:22,960 --> 00:20:26,160
Speaker 2: him as a believer, Like he stops believing in God

412
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Speaker 2: here there's this has a very humanistic curriculum, and he

413
00:20:30,640 --> 00:20:33,800
Speaker 2: doesn't he doesn't fully fall into like German idealism and

414
00:20:33,840 --> 00:20:36,640
Speaker 2: all of these kind of like totally secular ideas. There's

415
00:20:36,640 --> 00:20:39,440
Speaker 2: always a little bit of like belief in the divine

416
00:20:39,760 --> 00:20:43,240
Speaker 2: uh that he that he holds too, that even influences

417
00:20:43,240 --> 00:20:45,679
Speaker 2: his ideas on the law, but he stops being a

418
00:20:45,760 --> 00:20:48,440
Speaker 2: literal believing Catholic as a result of this education.

419
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Speaker 4: Right.

420
00:20:49,880 --> 00:20:52,240
Speaker 2: One of his best friends in this period is another Karl,

421
00:20:52,400 --> 00:20:55,960
Speaker 2: last name Kluksen, whose father owned a big department store

422
00:20:56,040 --> 00:20:58,960
Speaker 2: in town. And Kluchsen is an artsy kid, and so

423
00:20:59,040 --> 00:21:01,679
Speaker 2: he kind of inducts Schmidt into the world of what

424
00:21:01,720 --> 00:21:05,400
Speaker 2: we'd call like theater kids and art kids. That's that's

425
00:21:05,440 --> 00:21:07,960
Speaker 2: who Carl's hanging out with. Is like the theater kids

426
00:21:08,119 --> 00:21:10,520
Speaker 2: and like the musicians, the artists. These kids who are

427
00:21:10,520 --> 00:21:13,440
Speaker 2: gonna be like bohemians in the Weimar era, doing Hella

428
00:21:13,520 --> 00:21:16,520
Speaker 2: drugs and eventually getting purged by the Nazis. This is

429
00:21:16,560 --> 00:21:19,600
Speaker 2: his social circle as a teenager, right, That's.

430
00:21:19,400 --> 00:21:21,280
Speaker 4: What turns them into a Nazi. He's like, I can't

431
00:21:21,280 --> 00:21:23,920
Speaker 4: deal with these people are bugging the hell out of me.

432
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Speaker 4: We gotta kill all of them.

433
00:21:25,200 --> 00:21:27,640
Speaker 2: There actually is a there's a degree to which that's true.

434
00:21:27,920 --> 00:21:29,240
Speaker 2: He's theater kids. God damn it.

435
00:21:29,960 --> 00:21:33,320
Speaker 3: Sorry, relatable.

436
00:21:35,400 --> 00:21:37,359
Speaker 2: No, it's actually where he does seem to be going

437
00:21:37,359 --> 00:21:40,119
Speaker 2: down a different path at one point because during his

438
00:21:40,240 --> 00:21:43,400
Speaker 2: last year in secondary school, he starts reading a guy

439
00:21:43,480 --> 00:21:47,240
Speaker 2: named Max Sterner and all the anarchists in the arguments

440
00:21:47,359 --> 00:21:50,280
Speaker 2: in the Audiencer's going, oh what, because Sterner is like,

441
00:21:50,359 --> 00:21:54,960
Speaker 2: he's a very influential anarchist thinker, although calling him that

442
00:21:55,080 --> 00:21:57,760
Speaker 2: even is like it's a very big simplification of what

443
00:21:57,800 --> 00:21:59,680
Speaker 2: he believed. He's the father of a school of thought

444
00:21:59,680 --> 00:22:02,719
Speaker 2: called egoism, which I shouldn't even try to explain here,

445
00:22:02,760 --> 00:22:06,240
Speaker 2: because any discussion of this man sparks furious arguments about

446
00:22:06,240 --> 00:22:09,840
Speaker 2: the thirty or so people who know he existed. That's

447
00:22:09,880 --> 00:22:11,960
Speaker 2: a bit of an exaggeration, but it's enough for you

448
00:22:12,000 --> 00:22:15,520
Speaker 2: to know that Sterner is about as fringe and radical

449
00:22:15,640 --> 00:22:20,119
Speaker 2: a thinker as Germany ever produces, right, And especially the

450
00:22:20,160 --> 00:22:22,360
Speaker 2: fact that he's reading Sterner at this period of time

451
00:22:22,480 --> 00:22:24,679
Speaker 2: means that this is a kid who is drawn to

452
00:22:24,880 --> 00:22:28,400
Speaker 2: radical ideas and dangerously radical ideas. Like you can get

453
00:22:28,400 --> 00:22:31,040
Speaker 2: in some shit for reading Sterner in public school at

454
00:22:31,040 --> 00:22:33,720
Speaker 2: this point in time, right, So he is very drawn

455
00:22:33,760 --> 00:22:38,480
Speaker 2: to like forbidden intellectual topics in a lot of ways. Now,

456
00:22:38,600 --> 00:22:41,239
Speaker 2: one reason Schmidt is interested in Sterner is that his

457
00:22:41,320 --> 00:22:44,400
Speaker 2: writings had contributed to what was called the Vormars, which

458
00:22:44,440 --> 00:22:48,040
Speaker 2: is a period of what scholar Lawrence Stepplvick describes as

459
00:22:48,080 --> 00:22:52,480
Speaker 2: intellectual fermentation. This is happening in the early eighteen hundreds,

460
00:22:52,800 --> 00:22:55,760
Speaker 2: and Sterner is one of these thinkers who's like radical

461
00:22:55,800 --> 00:23:01,160
Speaker 2: ideas contribute to this boiling over of intellectual like discontent

462
00:23:01,280 --> 00:23:04,040
Speaker 2: with the system that contributes to a failed revolution in

463
00:23:04,080 --> 00:23:06,600
Speaker 2: Germany in eighteen forty eight, and in eighteen forty eight,

464
00:23:06,640 --> 00:23:08,720
Speaker 2: there's a shitload all over Europe. There's a bunch of

465
00:23:08,760 --> 00:23:12,080
Speaker 2: failed revolutions. Sterner is a big part of what that

466
00:23:12,160 --> 00:23:15,280
Speaker 2: period of time, and so that's part of Weischmidt is

467
00:23:15,320 --> 00:23:18,679
Speaker 2: interested in him. He's also interested because Sterner is a Hegelian,

468
00:23:19,240 --> 00:23:21,760
Speaker 2: in other words, an intellectual follower of a guy named

469
00:23:21,760 --> 00:23:25,000
Speaker 2: Friedrich Hegel. Philosophy is not my strong suit, but from

470
00:23:25,040 --> 00:23:28,439
Speaker 2: Hegel we get this important concept called the Hegelian dialectic.

471
00:23:29,000 --> 00:23:32,080
Speaker 2: A dialectic is just a method of philosophical argument that

472
00:23:32,080 --> 00:23:36,360
Speaker 2: involves two opposing sides having an intellectual clash. And Hegel's

473
00:23:36,359 --> 00:23:40,560
Speaker 2: particular style of dialectic broadened the concept of opposing sides

474
00:23:40,600 --> 00:23:44,160
Speaker 2: from like Plato, literally depicting arguments between like famous dudes

475
00:23:44,160 --> 00:23:47,000
Speaker 2: who embody different attitudes to and I'm going to quote

476
00:23:47,000 --> 00:23:50,919
Speaker 2: from the Stanford Encyclopedia of philosophy. Here different definitions of

477
00:23:50,960 --> 00:23:53,959
Speaker 2: consciousness and of the object that consciousness is aware of

478
00:23:54,119 --> 00:23:57,400
Speaker 2: or claims to know. As in Plato's dialogues, a contradictory

479
00:23:57,440 --> 00:24:00,960
Speaker 2: process between opposing sides and Hegel's dialectic leads to a

480
00:24:01,040 --> 00:24:04,760
Speaker 2: linear evolution or development from less sophisticated definitions or views

481
00:24:04,920 --> 00:24:08,920
Speaker 2: to more sophisticated ones later. The dialectical process thus constitutes

482
00:24:08,960 --> 00:24:13,240
Speaker 2: Hegel's method for arguing against the earlier less sophisticated definitions reviews,

483
00:24:13,440 --> 00:24:16,720
Speaker 2: and for more sophisticated ones later. Now that doesn't seem

484
00:24:17,000 --> 00:24:19,399
Speaker 2: and I know this is this is not what people

485
00:24:19,440 --> 00:24:21,600
Speaker 2: come here for. That doesn't seem like it's anything that

486
00:24:21,640 --> 00:24:24,240
Speaker 2: could piss someone off. Right, This seems very like who

487
00:24:24,240 --> 00:24:26,600
Speaker 2: could be angry about this basic idea?

488
00:24:26,840 --> 00:24:27,040
Speaker 4: Right?

489
00:24:27,880 --> 00:24:30,439
Speaker 2: So many people get pissed off about this. Up to

490
00:24:30,520 --> 00:24:36,120
Speaker 2: the present day, reactionaries fucking hate Hegel and Hegelian dialectics

491
00:24:36,400 --> 00:24:39,840
Speaker 2: because Hegel is like this very scientific and progressive figure

492
00:24:40,119 --> 00:24:44,760
Speaker 2: whose philosophy advocates for like a continual advancement in understanding.

493
00:24:45,040 --> 00:24:45,200
Speaker 4: Right.

494
00:24:45,640 --> 00:24:48,400
Speaker 2: So, in other words, we are working to better ideas

495
00:24:48,440 --> 00:24:53,120
Speaker 2: and better understandings of things, And that's not conservatism. Right,

496
00:24:53,400 --> 00:24:57,200
Speaker 2: that's like the opposite of a reactionary idea. And the

497
00:24:57,320 --> 00:25:00,359
Speaker 2: Nazis are going to consider Hegel like a devil, like

498
00:25:00,400 --> 00:25:04,760
Speaker 2: he is he is Satan himself, right, They're so angry.

499
00:25:05,760 --> 00:25:08,840
Speaker 4: They don't like, let's hear all sides Out's not let's

500
00:25:08,880 --> 00:25:11,119
Speaker 4: give everybody an equal floor to speak. It's not.

501
00:25:12,040 --> 00:25:14,879
Speaker 2: You read that last dense paragraph to like, what are

502
00:25:14,960 --> 00:25:17,560
Speaker 2: these Nazis? And they're they're reaching for I mean literally,

503
00:25:17,720 --> 00:25:20,200
Speaker 2: there's a like I think it's a Goerring quote where

504
00:25:20,200 --> 00:25:22,720
Speaker 2: it's like, I'm going to reach for my gun when

505
00:25:22,760 --> 00:25:23,720
Speaker 2: I hear shit like that.

506
00:25:24,119 --> 00:25:24,600
Speaker 4: Amazing.

507
00:25:25,680 --> 00:25:28,840
Speaker 2: So the Nazis don't like this guy. As George Lucix

508
00:25:28,840 --> 00:25:32,680
Speaker 2: would explain in a nineteen forty three essay, Hegel's scientific

509
00:25:32,680 --> 00:25:35,720
Speaker 2: dialectic is unbearable to them because their worldview season it

510
00:25:35,800 --> 00:25:38,400
Speaker 2: almost in the same words as the old Friedrich Schlingel,

511
00:25:38,440 --> 00:25:42,159
Speaker 2: who became a reactionary a Satanic principle, the principle of evil,

512
00:25:42,200 --> 00:25:45,800
Speaker 2: of the anti German, of the anti racial. So at

513
00:25:45,800 --> 00:25:48,760
Speaker 2: the time Schmid is in school, Hegel is controversial for

514
00:25:48,840 --> 00:25:51,600
Speaker 2: these reasons, like, you know, reactionary. This is a fairly

515
00:25:51,640 --> 00:25:55,120
Speaker 2: reactionary state, and so they don't like this guy whose

516
00:25:55,320 --> 00:25:57,960
Speaker 2: thoughts play a significant role in a revolution that had

517
00:25:57,960 --> 00:26:01,720
Speaker 2: occurred not all that long ago. But there's other reasons

518
00:26:01,720 --> 00:26:04,879
Speaker 2: why they're unhappy with this, right, because after Hegel dies

519
00:26:04,920 --> 00:26:08,040
Speaker 2: in eighteen thirty one, his philosophic school splits into two

520
00:26:08,080 --> 00:26:12,199
Speaker 2: opposing sides. There's young Hegelians and there's old Hegelians. And

521
00:26:12,280 --> 00:26:15,560
Speaker 2: young Hegelians tend to be young people who were convinced

522
00:26:15,560 --> 00:26:18,520
Speaker 2: of Hegel's logic but also convinced that it led inevitably

523
00:26:18,560 --> 00:26:22,320
Speaker 2: to a rational argument for socialist revolution against both the

524
00:26:22,320 --> 00:26:26,919
Speaker 2: Prussian monarchy and against evangelical Lutheranism. Right, and that's not

525
00:26:27,000 --> 00:26:29,679
Speaker 2: going to be super popular with the state. Right that

526
00:26:29,720 --> 00:26:32,199
Speaker 2: there's like a chunk of this guy's followers who, in

527
00:26:32,240 --> 00:26:34,639
Speaker 2: the period of time that Schmidt is reading all this stuff,

528
00:26:34,680 --> 00:26:37,560
Speaker 2: are like, we have to overthrow the government. This is

529
00:26:37,720 --> 00:26:42,240
Speaker 2: radical literature, right. As Laurence Steppovich writes in an article

530
00:26:42,320 --> 00:26:45,399
Speaker 2: for the Journal of Modern Judaism, the Young Hegelian school

531
00:26:45,440 --> 00:26:47,639
Speaker 2: suddenly came into being in eighteen thirty five with a

532
00:26:47,680 --> 00:26:51,520
Speaker 2: brilliant theological study, the Life of Jesus Christ critically examined.

533
00:26:51,840 --> 00:26:53,920
Speaker 2: It was written by a young and little known theologian

534
00:26:54,040 --> 00:26:57,320
Speaker 2: David Friedrich Strauss, who candidly into the shocked embarrassment of

535
00:26:57,359 --> 00:27:00,120
Speaker 2: the old Hegelians, declared that his work was inspired by

536
00:27:00,119 --> 00:27:03,439
Speaker 2: Hegel's philosophy. His reduction of the miracles related to the

537
00:27:03,440 --> 00:27:05,840
Speaker 2: life of Jesus into a collection of mythic tales based

538
00:27:05,880 --> 00:27:10,120
Speaker 2: upon Old Testament expectations simply destroyed the claim that Hegalienism

539
00:27:10,200 --> 00:27:14,200
Speaker 2: and Orthodox evangelical doctrine were compatible. As the Prussian monarchy

540
00:27:14,280 --> 00:27:17,560
Speaker 2: was supportive of and supported by the Orthodox Church, Strauss's

541
00:27:17,560 --> 00:27:19,679
Speaker 2: work was even more disturbing than might be expected from

542
00:27:19,720 --> 00:27:22,879
Speaker 2: a Biblical study. And this is relevant to us because,

543
00:27:22,920 --> 00:27:27,159
Speaker 2: like Sterner is like the marijuana that gets him dropping acid,

544
00:27:27,200 --> 00:27:31,000
Speaker 2: which is reading David Friedrich Strauss. This doesn't sound all

545
00:27:31,040 --> 00:27:34,560
Speaker 2: that like dangerous or even extreme, but in his time,

546
00:27:34,600 --> 00:27:36,320
Speaker 2: this is if you get, like if you're a kid

547
00:27:36,359 --> 00:27:38,320
Speaker 2: in high school who gets caught with a copy of

548
00:27:38,359 --> 00:27:41,400
Speaker 2: the zine why Break Windows, which is like an anarchist

549
00:27:41,480 --> 00:27:43,679
Speaker 2: essay about like why it's not just moral but like

550
00:27:43,720 --> 00:27:48,320
Speaker 2: an astatic act to shatter windows, or something like a

551
00:27:48,320 --> 00:27:51,119
Speaker 2: beginner's guide to targeted property destruction. Both of what you

552
00:27:51,160 --> 00:27:53,439
Speaker 2: can find on crime thinks website. If you're caught with

553
00:27:53,480 --> 00:27:57,000
Speaker 2: those in high school now, you can get in trouble, right, right,

554
00:27:57,040 --> 00:28:00,000
Speaker 2: And it's important you look at this book about Jesus

555
00:28:00,240 --> 00:28:03,320
Speaker 2: that Carl's going to get caught reading this in school.

556
00:28:04,119 --> 00:28:06,800
Speaker 2: The authorities of his time see this as the same

557
00:28:06,840 --> 00:28:08,399
Speaker 2: as they would see those scenes today.

558
00:28:08,520 --> 00:28:08,680
Speaker 3: Right.

559
00:28:08,800 --> 00:28:11,840
Speaker 2: This is that radical, right, That's very much how they

560
00:28:11,960 --> 00:28:14,280
Speaker 2: view it, even though it seems it doesn't seem that

561
00:28:14,359 --> 00:28:17,919
Speaker 2: way to us. Right, So he is he is reading

562
00:28:18,000 --> 00:28:22,960
Speaker 2: like the radical like anti state revolutionary theory. That's that's

563
00:28:23,080 --> 00:28:25,639
Speaker 2: very much like you know, how this is looked at

564
00:28:25,640 --> 00:28:27,840
Speaker 2: at the time. So while Schmidt is being a big nerd,

565
00:28:28,119 --> 00:28:30,000
Speaker 2: the people he's hanging out with are kind of like

566
00:28:30,080 --> 00:28:32,440
Speaker 2: the punks and anarchist radicals of their day.

567
00:28:32,640 --> 00:28:33,080
Speaker 3: Now they're not.

568
00:28:33,160 --> 00:28:35,760
Speaker 2: Most of them are actually more like socialists or social democrats,

569
00:28:35,800 --> 00:28:38,080
Speaker 2: but given that they live under the Kaiser, that's a

570
00:28:38,080 --> 00:28:41,200
Speaker 2: similar level of like, you know, radicalism, you.

571
00:28:41,160 --> 00:28:43,960
Speaker 3: Know, and Strauss you should do that?

572
00:28:44,960 --> 00:28:48,400
Speaker 2: Yeah, okay, sure, why not. Here's fucking ad.

573
00:28:56,040 --> 00:28:56,640
Speaker 3: So we're back.

574
00:28:57,680 --> 00:29:00,960
Speaker 2: So he gets caught reading Strauss in school, He gets

575
00:29:00,960 --> 00:29:03,640
Speaker 2: caught reading this book about Jesus in school, and he

576
00:29:03,680 --> 00:29:06,200
Speaker 2: gets in trouble. He gets like detention, he's putting the

577
00:29:06,240 --> 00:29:09,240
Speaker 2: fucking breakfast club for his like radical reading.

578
00:29:11,240 --> 00:29:12,160
Speaker 3: And yeah, this.

579
00:29:12,200 --> 00:29:14,320
Speaker 2: Is not the only thing he gets punished for when

580
00:29:14,320 --> 00:29:16,280
Speaker 2: he's in his last year of high school. According to

581
00:29:16,360 --> 00:29:19,560
Speaker 2: Ryan hard Mehring quote on August third, nineteen oh six,

582
00:29:19,640 --> 00:29:21,840
Speaker 2: Schmid was punished together with twelve of his peers, with

583
00:29:21,880 --> 00:29:24,520
Speaker 2: one hour of after school detention for breaking the rules

584
00:29:24,520 --> 00:29:27,360
Speaker 2: and visiting a public house. Presumably this was the reason

585
00:29:27,400 --> 00:29:29,840
Speaker 2: he had to leave the seminary in September. Thus, in

586
00:29:29,880 --> 00:29:32,280
Speaker 2: the last months before his final examination, he had to

587
00:29:32,320 --> 00:29:35,880
Speaker 2: commute as a train farer. So he's also he's kind

588
00:29:35,920 --> 00:29:39,040
Speaker 2: of a wild kid. He's like reading you know, revolutionary

589
00:29:39,080 --> 00:29:41,880
Speaker 2: literature and like breaking the rules to get fucking wasted

590
00:29:41,920 --> 00:29:44,080
Speaker 2: with his friends. And he gets kicked out a seminary

591
00:29:44,200 --> 00:29:48,440
Speaker 2: for being too cool actually, which is guy, this is

592
00:29:48,480 --> 00:29:53,760
Speaker 2: the only top the case. Yeah, yeah, yeah, he's hopping trains.

593
00:29:54,240 --> 00:29:57,240
Speaker 2: I mean he probably pays. He's not that cool. So

594
00:29:57,320 --> 00:29:59,760
Speaker 2: as Dolan academic, as this guy appears, he is like

595
00:30:00,360 --> 00:30:02,600
Speaker 2: pretty radical in this period of time. That said, his

596
00:30:02,680 --> 00:30:06,360
Speaker 2: grades remain excellent. Our boy graduates and he gets accepted

597
00:30:06,600 --> 00:30:10,760
Speaker 2: to the prestigious Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin, which is

598
00:30:10,800 --> 00:30:14,160
Speaker 2: also just called the University of Berlin, and you know,

599
00:30:14,240 --> 00:30:17,640
Speaker 2: Yale and like Harvard existed back then. This is the

600
00:30:17,680 --> 00:30:20,240
Speaker 2: top college. A lot of people would argue the best

601
00:30:20,240 --> 00:30:22,600
Speaker 2: college in the world of its day. Right, this is

602
00:30:22,640 --> 00:30:26,280
Speaker 2: the most because Germany's education system is the best. These

603
00:30:26,280 --> 00:30:28,280
Speaker 2: are the Germany is the first country to figure out

604
00:30:28,320 --> 00:30:31,880
Speaker 2: modern universities, and almost anyone would agree this is about

605
00:30:31,920 --> 00:30:33,720
Speaker 2: the best place you could end up as a young

606
00:30:33,720 --> 00:30:35,280
Speaker 2: intellectual in this period of time.

607
00:30:36,160 --> 00:30:38,320
Speaker 4: Robert was this the first time that he was moving

608
00:30:38,360 --> 00:30:40,480
Speaker 4: into a city as well, Like, yes, this is the

609
00:30:40,520 --> 00:30:41,840
Speaker 4: first time he was like Metro.

610
00:30:41,920 --> 00:30:44,200
Speaker 2: A really big city, right, as opposed to like kind

611
00:30:44,240 --> 00:30:46,920
Speaker 2: of a you know, the smaller these large towns and whatnot.

612
00:30:47,000 --> 00:30:49,640
Speaker 2: Now he's in Berlin, right, which is a different level

613
00:30:49,640 --> 00:30:53,080
Speaker 2: of city, and he finds himself drawn to it and

614
00:30:53,160 --> 00:30:55,120
Speaker 2: kind of repulsed by it, right, which we'll talk about

615
00:30:55,120 --> 00:30:57,120
Speaker 2: in a second. But he's a very good student. He

616
00:30:57,200 --> 00:30:59,960
Speaker 2: initially wants to get his degree in philology, which is

617
00:31:00,120 --> 00:31:03,360
Speaker 2: the study of the structure and development of language. But

618
00:31:03,440 --> 00:31:06,280
Speaker 2: he's being supported by his rich uncle who lives nearby,

619
00:31:06,480 --> 00:31:09,400
Speaker 2: and like he'll crash with him during the holidays and

620
00:31:09,640 --> 00:31:12,000
Speaker 2: is his main source of support. And his rich uncle's like,

621
00:31:12,240 --> 00:31:14,400
Speaker 2: you know, philology, the fuck is that shit? No, you're

622
00:31:14,400 --> 00:31:16,200
Speaker 2: getting a law degree. You're gonna have a couple lawyer

623
00:31:16,240 --> 00:31:23,400
Speaker 2: and make money. So he's doing this in Berlin, which

624
00:31:23,440 --> 00:31:26,520
Speaker 2: is again a very different environment than one he's raised in,

625
00:31:26,600 --> 00:31:30,200
Speaker 2: and the different biographers I've read give divergent descriptions, somewhat

626
00:31:30,200 --> 00:31:33,640
Speaker 2: divergent descriptions. Now he felt about it. Balachrishnan describes him

627
00:31:33,640 --> 00:31:37,080
Speaker 2: as deeply ambivalent to the diversity of the metropolis, noting

628
00:31:37,080 --> 00:31:39,920
Speaker 2: that in the popular imagination, urban areas in Germany were

629
00:31:39,960 --> 00:31:43,160
Speaker 2: seen as in some way Jewish as well, and this

630
00:31:43,240 --> 00:31:47,680
Speaker 2: all helped harden his identity as an outsider. Balakrishnan concludes

631
00:31:47,680 --> 00:31:50,400
Speaker 2: that Carl found city life both fascinating and disturbing. And

632
00:31:50,400 --> 00:31:53,320
Speaker 2: here's how Karl himself describes his feelings at the time.

633
00:31:54,040 --> 00:31:56,560
Speaker 2: I was an obscure young man of modest descent. Neither

634
00:31:56,560 --> 00:31:59,640
Speaker 2: the ruling strata nor the opposition included me. That meant

635
00:31:59,680 --> 00:32:02,440
Speaker 2: I ding entirely in the dark. Out of darkness, looked

636
00:32:02,440 --> 00:32:05,600
Speaker 2: into a brightly lit room. The feeling of sadness which

637
00:32:05,600 --> 00:32:08,000
Speaker 2: filled me made me more distant and awoke in some

638
00:32:08,080 --> 00:32:12,040
Speaker 2: other's mistrust and antipathy the ruling strata experienced anybody who

639
00:32:12,080 --> 00:32:14,560
Speaker 2: was not thrilled to be involved with them as heterogeneous.

640
00:32:14,840 --> 00:32:17,200
Speaker 2: It put before him the choice to adapt or withdraw.

641
00:32:17,480 --> 00:32:20,800
Speaker 2: So I remained outside. And this is you know, he's

642
00:32:20,840 --> 00:32:23,440
Speaker 2: not part of the opposition, he's not part of the

643
00:32:23,520 --> 00:32:26,880
Speaker 2: ruling class, and so he can see them all better,

644
00:32:27,240 --> 00:32:29,800
Speaker 2: more accurately than they see themselves, you know, as a

645
00:32:29,840 --> 00:32:32,560
Speaker 2: result of this position that he has, which is often

646
00:32:32,600 --> 00:32:34,600
Speaker 2: the case. That's why a lot of our greatest artists

647
00:32:34,680 --> 00:32:37,320
Speaker 2: are outsiders, you know, in one way or another. Right,

648
00:32:37,440 --> 00:32:41,320
Speaker 2: and Carl is going to have perspective that gives him

649
00:32:41,320 --> 00:32:43,360
Speaker 2: a degree of vision that other people lack.

650
00:32:44,000 --> 00:32:45,760
Speaker 4: Yeah, that's how I feel about New York. I've written

651
00:32:45,760 --> 00:32:48,040
Speaker 4: a very similar thing about New York City. So yeah,

652
00:32:48,880 --> 00:32:51,720
Speaker 4: in the same page, right, So.

653
00:32:51,760 --> 00:32:54,360
Speaker 2: Marrying's more recent biography paints a picture that conflicts with

654
00:32:54,400 --> 00:32:56,600
Speaker 2: a few aspects of this. For one thing, while a

655
00:32:56,640 --> 00:33:00,360
Speaker 2: Krishnan kind of transposes Schmidt's anti semitism that comes later

656
00:33:00,720 --> 00:33:02,959
Speaker 2: into this assumption that maybe he was repelled by the

657
00:33:02,960 --> 00:33:05,280
Speaker 2: city as a result of it in this period of time,

658
00:33:05,560 --> 00:33:08,200
Speaker 2: and there's reason to doubt that, but Mahoring paints a

659
00:33:08,200 --> 00:33:10,760
Speaker 2: picture of a young man who is enthralled by his surroundings.

660
00:33:10,840 --> 00:33:14,920
Speaker 2: He describes university as a temple of higher intellectuality, and

661
00:33:14,960 --> 00:33:19,040
Speaker 2: he finds himself almost religiously obsessed with legal study, particularly

662
00:33:19,080 --> 00:33:22,440
Speaker 2: the Roman origins of Western justice systems. And he likes

663
00:33:22,480 --> 00:33:25,600
Speaker 2: his Roman law classes because he's a Latin nerd so like,

664
00:33:25,680 --> 00:33:29,640
Speaker 2: that's the degree of fucking DWEP. This guy is but

665
00:33:29,880 --> 00:33:33,840
Speaker 2: very smart, and he maintains a sense of superiority towards

666
00:33:33,920 --> 00:33:37,040
Speaker 2: his peers. Right, he feels because he's smarter than them

667
00:33:37,120 --> 00:33:39,840
Speaker 2: and because his interests are so much more esoteric, that

668
00:33:39,920 --> 00:33:42,920
Speaker 2: he's like a better person. That quote I read earlier

669
00:33:42,960 --> 00:33:45,440
Speaker 2: of how Carl viewed himself came from a memoir he

670
00:33:45,480 --> 00:33:48,680
Speaker 2: wrote about his college years, where most of the book

671
00:33:48,720 --> 00:33:51,120
Speaker 2: is him insulting two of his friends, who like shit,

672
00:33:51,200 --> 00:33:54,719
Speaker 2: talks constantly about like being less intelligent than he is.

673
00:33:55,320 --> 00:33:57,640
Speaker 2: And the purpose of that passage where he's talking about

674
00:33:57,680 --> 00:33:59,200
Speaker 2: him being an outsider is like, look at how much

675
00:33:59,240 --> 00:34:00,760
Speaker 2: smarter I was than all these dopes.

676
00:34:00,800 --> 00:34:01,960
Speaker 3: I went to school with.

677
00:34:02,520 --> 00:34:05,280
Speaker 4: Like the Michael Jordan Hall of Fame speech, but with right,

678
00:34:06,000 --> 00:34:09,600
Speaker 4: the creator of fascists, right right? Yes, what are these petty?

679
00:34:09,640 --> 00:34:11,200
Speaker 4: You know? Yeah?

680
00:34:11,280 --> 00:34:15,200
Speaker 2: He is so petty. Per marrying quote, Schmidt claims to

681
00:34:15,239 --> 00:34:17,360
Speaker 2: have had early on a distance from the myths of

682
00:34:17,400 --> 00:34:19,960
Speaker 2: the German Reich under Bismarck and from the national liberal

683
00:34:19,960 --> 00:34:22,960
Speaker 2: atmosphere at Berlin University. He felt his whole life as

684
00:34:22,960 --> 00:34:26,280
Speaker 2: if he were intellectually superior and a social climber and outsider,

685
00:34:26,320 --> 00:34:28,560
Speaker 2: an underdog who does not belong and has not shown

686
00:34:28,640 --> 00:34:31,200
Speaker 2: enough respect, and who in response looks down on the

687
00:34:31,200 --> 00:34:35,640
Speaker 2: bourgeoisie world around him. So this is part of why

688
00:34:35,680 --> 00:34:39,480
Speaker 2: he continues to socialize with artists and creative types. Right is,

689
00:34:39,560 --> 00:34:41,319
Speaker 2: these are other people who are kind of on the

690
00:34:41,320 --> 00:34:43,840
Speaker 2: outside looking in, who he maybe feels a sense of

691
00:34:43,920 --> 00:34:47,360
Speaker 2: kinship with. He spends his nights out with other people

692
00:34:47,360 --> 00:34:49,600
Speaker 2: who see themselves that way and feel like we're turning

693
00:34:49,640 --> 00:34:52,600
Speaker 2: a lins on society and we're thus smarter than everyone else.

694
00:34:53,320 --> 00:34:56,360
Speaker 2: Schmidt doesn't quite settle into Berlin yet. He moves to

695
00:34:56,400 --> 00:34:58,640
Speaker 2: college in Munich the next year, and then he goes

696
00:34:58,640 --> 00:35:01,120
Speaker 2: to Strasbourg the year after, And these are all bigger

697
00:35:01,160 --> 00:35:04,239
Speaker 2: cities than he had lived in before marrying. Suspects he

698
00:35:04,280 --> 00:35:07,200
Speaker 2: moves around so much for financial reasons we don't really know.

699
00:35:07,280 --> 00:35:10,160
Speaker 2: In any case, he falls in love with Strasburg and

700
00:35:10,160 --> 00:35:12,080
Speaker 2: that's where he'll stay for the rest of his education.

701
00:35:12,440 --> 00:35:14,479
Speaker 2: And it's where he meets his mentor, a guy named

702
00:35:14,520 --> 00:35:18,880
Speaker 2: Fritz von Kalker, who becomes his doctoral supervisor. Von Kalker

703
00:35:18,960 --> 00:35:21,719
Speaker 2: is a criminal law professor with a particular interest in

704
00:35:21,760 --> 00:35:26,400
Speaker 2: how morality impacts punishment under the law, right, what is

705
00:35:26,520 --> 00:35:28,719
Speaker 2: moral in terms of a punishment, and how is the

706
00:35:28,719 --> 00:35:31,120
Speaker 2: morality of a society of a society even how does

707
00:35:31,160 --> 00:35:33,000
Speaker 2: it relate to how they punish people?

708
00:35:33,120 --> 00:35:35,560
Speaker 1: This this is his Roy Kohne.

709
00:35:35,600 --> 00:35:36,680
Speaker 3: This is his Roy Cohne.

710
00:35:36,800 --> 00:35:39,920
Speaker 1: Kind of yes, okay, so far he sounds like not

711
00:35:40,040 --> 00:35:40,919
Speaker 1: a very chill guy.

712
00:35:41,640 --> 00:35:41,880
Speaker 4: He's not.

713
00:35:42,640 --> 00:35:44,720
Speaker 3: He's a very intense intellectual.

714
00:35:45,320 --> 00:35:48,319
Speaker 2: And Fritz is the most important person in Carl's early

715
00:35:48,320 --> 00:35:50,680
Speaker 2: life because he really takes this kid under his wing.

716
00:35:50,920 --> 00:35:54,080
Speaker 2: He supports him getting his doctorate, he finds him work

717
00:35:54,120 --> 00:35:56,880
Speaker 2: in various positions for the university, and he will continue

718
00:35:56,880 --> 00:35:58,840
Speaker 2: to go to bat for this guy, which is interesting

719
00:35:58,880 --> 00:36:02,440
Speaker 2: because later in Karl will pretend this dude never existed.

720
00:36:02,520 --> 00:36:06,200
Speaker 2: He keeps no cops of this guy's work in his library. Yeah,

721
00:36:06,239 --> 00:36:08,839
Speaker 2: it's a little bit like that, right, And this is

722
00:36:08,920 --> 00:36:11,080
Speaker 2: you know, he keeps basically every other letter he gets

723
00:36:11,120 --> 00:36:13,279
Speaker 2: in his life, but he throws out most of the

724
00:36:13,320 --> 00:36:16,000
Speaker 2: ones to van Kalker, which is interesting because von Kalker

725
00:36:16,040 --> 00:36:18,080
Speaker 2: literally saves his life at a later point.

726
00:36:18,120 --> 00:36:18,400
Speaker 4: Here.

727
00:36:19,040 --> 00:36:21,680
Speaker 2: Now, another key person in Karl's young life who he

728
00:36:21,719 --> 00:36:24,840
Speaker 2: will later jettison as an adult is Fritz Eisler.

729
00:36:25,120 --> 00:36:29,400
Speaker 3: Fritz is a lot of Fritz. It's Germany.

730
00:36:29,719 --> 00:36:32,120
Speaker 4: Yeah, that's what we signed up for. We signed up

731
00:36:32,160 --> 00:36:34,080
Speaker 4: for this. The moment you chose this guy, we're gonna

732
00:36:34,080 --> 00:36:34,800
Speaker 4: have a million Fritz.

733
00:36:34,960 --> 00:36:36,799
Speaker 2: There were gonna be a shitload of Fritz's.

734
00:36:37,239 --> 00:36:39,399
Speaker 3: None of them can's. God, damn, it's too late.

735
00:36:39,920 --> 00:36:41,040
Speaker 4: There's no turn back.

736
00:36:41,400 --> 00:36:43,000
Speaker 3: We'll call this guy Eisler.

737
00:36:43,160 --> 00:36:46,000
Speaker 2: Right, and Eisler he meets because they're both working for

738
00:36:46,120 --> 00:36:49,600
Speaker 2: von Kalker, is like assistants, and Eisler becomes his best

739
00:36:49,600 --> 00:36:52,160
Speaker 2: friend during the five terms he spends in Strasburg getting

740
00:36:52,160 --> 00:36:55,600
Speaker 2: his doctorate. And this is noteworthy because Eisler is Jewish, right,

741
00:36:56,239 --> 00:36:58,920
Speaker 2: and contrary to how Bala Krishnan depicts him as a

742
00:36:58,960 --> 00:37:01,160
Speaker 2: young man, is uneasy with the city because of its

743
00:37:01,200 --> 00:37:04,920
Speaker 2: ineffable Jewishness. His best friend in his favorite city is

744
00:37:04,960 --> 00:37:07,840
Speaker 2: a young jew from a prominent family. And Eisler is

745
00:37:07,840 --> 00:37:11,080
Speaker 2: not only Jewish, he is a Hungarian national who, despite

746
00:37:11,120 --> 00:37:14,680
Speaker 2: being a Hungarian national, identifies as German, and this whole

747
00:37:14,760 --> 00:37:18,279
Speaker 2: period is trying to get legal status in Germany. He

748
00:37:18,360 --> 00:37:22,560
Speaker 2: is trying to get German citizenship, and he wants. Eisler's

749
00:37:22,600 --> 00:37:25,560
Speaker 2: whole goal in life is a social acceptance as a

750
00:37:25,600 --> 00:37:28,520
Speaker 2: citizen of the German Reich. And this is a difficult

751
00:37:28,560 --> 00:37:31,320
Speaker 2: battle for even a rich young Jewish Man because nearly

752
00:37:31,360 --> 00:37:35,880
Speaker 2: everybody's incredibly racist, right, So it's interesting that Schmidt isn't

753
00:37:36,320 --> 00:37:40,000
Speaker 2: in this period right at least not towards Eisler, that

754
00:37:40,040 --> 00:37:42,799
Speaker 2: he's willing to because Schmidt expresses a degree of like

755
00:37:42,800 --> 00:37:46,920
Speaker 2: bigotry as well, but never not towards Eisler in this period,

756
00:37:47,000 --> 00:37:49,200
Speaker 2: which is interesting. It shows that he's got this degree

757
00:37:49,200 --> 00:37:51,920
Speaker 2: of ability to kind of look past that. So the

758
00:37:51,920 --> 00:37:55,279
Speaker 2: two became buds in nineteen oh eight. They get their

759
00:37:55,320 --> 00:37:59,640
Speaker 2: doctorates in like nineteen ten. Merriing writes that quote through Eisler,

760
00:37:59,680 --> 00:38:02,480
Speaker 2: Schmidt for the first time came into more intense contact

761
00:38:02,480 --> 00:38:06,400
Speaker 2: with Jewish people and with judaism, and the difference in

762
00:38:06,440 --> 00:38:09,120
Speaker 2: the theses that these guys pick for their doctorate is

763
00:38:09,160 --> 00:38:12,320
Speaker 2: interesting to me. Eisler goes for this very standard topic,

764
00:38:12,480 --> 00:38:15,680
Speaker 2: like he's analyzing a bunch of defamation lawsuits and is like,

765
00:38:15,719 --> 00:38:18,280
Speaker 2: what what are the ones that succeed all have in common?

766
00:38:18,480 --> 00:38:18,640
Speaker 4: Right?

767
00:38:18,920 --> 00:38:19,719
Speaker 3: Pretty normal law?

768
00:38:19,800 --> 00:38:20,600
Speaker 4: Your stuff? Right?

769
00:38:21,080 --> 00:38:24,760
Speaker 2: Schmidt picks a much more philosophical and a very catholic topic.

770
00:38:25,200 --> 00:38:28,759
Speaker 2: His paper is titled on Guilt and Types of Guilt, which,

771
00:38:29,160 --> 00:38:34,799
Speaker 2: again super catholic, but also god, you know, Isler's doing

772
00:38:34,800 --> 00:38:37,400
Speaker 2: this nuts and bolts. Okay, if you're arguing for a

773
00:38:37,440 --> 00:38:40,680
Speaker 2: defamation case, what's what you know? Statistically? What what is

774
00:38:40,800 --> 00:38:43,799
Speaker 2: likelier to work for you? Marrying is wondering what does

775
00:38:43,840 --> 00:38:45,240
Speaker 2: it mean to be guilty?

776
00:38:45,520 --> 00:38:45,719
Speaker 3: Right?

777
00:38:46,160 --> 00:38:46,360
Speaker 1: You know?

778
00:38:48,080 --> 00:38:50,200
Speaker 4: Guilt and types of guilt? Why is my mom a

779
00:38:50,239 --> 00:38:52,640
Speaker 4: piece of shit? Shit? She was?

780
00:38:52,840 --> 00:38:53,160
Speaker 1: She was?

781
00:38:53,239 --> 00:38:54,760
Speaker 3: She ever? Stop giving me crap?

782
00:38:54,880 --> 00:38:57,920
Speaker 4: Yeah? Now.

783
00:38:57,920 --> 00:39:00,560
Speaker 2: The actual content of his piece is an argument that

784
00:39:00,560 --> 00:39:04,520
Speaker 2: the law fundamentally hinges on an arbitrary, free floating element.

785
00:39:04,760 --> 00:39:06,600
Speaker 2: No matter how much the law may claim to be

786
00:39:06,640 --> 00:39:09,960
Speaker 2: an objective thing, it always relies to some extent on

787
00:39:10,000 --> 00:39:12,920
Speaker 2: the ability of a judge to determine a sentence. In

788
00:39:12,960 --> 00:39:15,440
Speaker 2: other words, you can have whole reams of law, books

789
00:39:15,480 --> 00:39:18,480
Speaker 2: and legislature that can give the appearance of a mechanistic

790
00:39:18,520 --> 00:39:21,880
Speaker 2: system that functions based on objective measures, but the law

791
00:39:21,960 --> 00:39:24,640
Speaker 2: is always at its core reliant on the discretion and

792
00:39:24,680 --> 00:39:29,000
Speaker 2: decisions of individuals. Right, And that's a very important realization. Now,

793
00:39:29,200 --> 00:39:31,560
Speaker 2: this is in keeping with a major trend in German

794
00:39:31,640 --> 00:39:34,480
Speaker 2: jurisprudence at the time, which is called the free law movement,

795
00:39:34,520 --> 00:39:37,680
Speaker 2: which stands in opposition to legal positivism, which is a

796
00:39:37,719 --> 00:39:39,880
Speaker 2: trend that had swept through in the eighteen seventies with

797
00:39:39,920 --> 00:39:41,799
Speaker 2: the goal of like, we don't want to talk about

798
00:39:41,880 --> 00:39:45,320
Speaker 2: natural law, about like the natural rights of man and stuff.

799
00:39:45,480 --> 00:39:47,320
Speaker 2: We want to talk about like what are we saying

800
00:39:47,440 --> 00:39:50,280
Speaker 2: are people's rights? What are we saying is legal and illegal?

801
00:39:50,360 --> 00:39:50,520
Speaker 4: Right?

802
00:39:50,560 --> 00:39:52,920
Speaker 2: So there's a struggle between people who want this absolute

803
00:39:52,920 --> 00:39:55,839
Speaker 2: code that handles how things should be adjudicated in every

804
00:39:55,880 --> 00:39:59,320
Speaker 2: situation versus people who are like, now, the creative power

805
00:39:59,360 --> 00:40:03,200
Speaker 2: of a judged to interpret justice matters. Right, And Schmidt

806
00:40:03,200 --> 00:40:07,560
Speaker 2: simultaneously recognizes there's this arbitrary core to the legal code,

807
00:40:07,920 --> 00:40:10,239
Speaker 2: but he also starts to value what he described as

808
00:40:10,320 --> 00:40:14,440
Speaker 2: higher law. This sort of like maybe even divine natural justice,

809
00:40:14,840 --> 00:40:18,719
Speaker 2: that the law is always moving closer to representing. And

810
00:40:18,760 --> 00:40:21,400
Speaker 2: he writes about guilt not as an internal thing, but

811
00:40:21,440 --> 00:40:24,000
Speaker 2: as a legal category. In other words, he concludes that

812
00:40:24,280 --> 00:40:27,000
Speaker 2: it doesn't matter if you've done what the state accuses

813
00:40:27,080 --> 00:40:27,359
Speaker 2: you of.

814
00:40:27,960 --> 00:40:29,359
Speaker 3: Guilt is a legal.

815
00:40:29,040 --> 00:40:32,000
Speaker 2: Status, and moral norms are bound by the law, not

816
00:40:32,080 --> 00:40:34,160
Speaker 2: the other way around. You can kind of see how

817
00:40:34,160 --> 00:40:36,520
Speaker 2: a man making conclusions like this might wind up as

818
00:40:36,520 --> 00:40:40,640
Speaker 2: a fascist. Right, guilt is a category. What you did

819
00:40:40,760 --> 00:40:41,560
Speaker 2: is immaterial.

820
00:40:42,360 --> 00:40:46,080
Speaker 4: Guilt's the marijuana of the fascism assage.

821
00:40:46,120 --> 00:40:50,160
Speaker 2: Right right, yes, yes, to continue using the gateway drug metaphor.

822
00:40:50,880 --> 00:40:51,080
Speaker 4: Right.

823
00:40:51,200 --> 00:40:54,080
Speaker 2: So, when he's not writing wonky legal arguments, he and

824
00:40:54,160 --> 00:40:58,879
Speaker 2: his friend Eisler attempted to start a satire magazine. And god,

825
00:40:58,920 --> 00:41:02,000
Speaker 2: this must have been fucking unreadable because they're they're doing this.

826
00:41:02,200 --> 00:41:05,799
Speaker 2: Oh my god, just imagine, like your most up their

827
00:41:05,840 --> 00:41:09,160
Speaker 2: own asshole friends in college. They make a satire magazine

828
00:41:09,200 --> 00:41:13,000
Speaker 2: that's mostly about Friedrich Nietzsche, Thomas Mann, Walter Rathanol, like

829
00:41:13,040 --> 00:41:16,440
Speaker 2: all these German intellectuals that they have issues with that

830
00:41:16,480 --> 00:41:19,560
Speaker 2: they're just like making fun as like teenagers making fun

831
00:41:19,600 --> 00:41:22,520
Speaker 2: of these like these great intellectuals that are part of

832
00:41:22,600 --> 00:41:26,000
Speaker 2: like German culture, and that's the it seems to be

833
00:41:26,040 --> 00:41:27,840
Speaker 2: the whole reason for this magazine. Seems to be that

834
00:41:27,880 --> 00:41:31,839
Speaker 2: all these guys are respected contributors to German culture, and

835
00:41:31,920 --> 00:41:34,239
Speaker 2: Schmidt wants to take them down a peg to prove

836
00:41:34,239 --> 00:41:37,320
Speaker 2: he's not like everyone else. And I wonder maybe Eisler,

837
00:41:37,400 --> 00:41:39,360
Speaker 2: as a Hungarian and as a Jew, maybe feels a

838
00:41:39,360 --> 00:41:41,959
Speaker 2: similar need right where like these guys aren't any better

839
00:41:42,000 --> 00:41:44,680
Speaker 2: than I am. Like, yeah, let's let's let's fucking puncture

840
00:41:44,719 --> 00:41:45,440
Speaker 2: them a little bit.

841
00:41:46,200 --> 00:41:46,480
Speaker 3: Now.

842
00:41:46,840 --> 00:41:49,880
Speaker 2: They hope that this would sell and make the money. Again,

843
00:41:50,000 --> 00:41:54,440
Speaker 2: they are delusional. This is not like the satire magazine

844
00:41:54,520 --> 00:41:56,080
Speaker 2: is not going to take off.

845
00:41:56,120 --> 00:41:59,400
Speaker 4: There's no era, absolutely not.

846
00:42:00,440 --> 00:42:05,920
Speaker 2: It's mad magazine. But it's all about Nietzsche. Like okay, maybe.

847
00:42:05,600 --> 00:42:06,239
Speaker 3: Cal him down.

848
00:42:06,600 --> 00:42:09,759
Speaker 4: Yeah, maybe just read that yourself. Maybe just read that

849
00:42:09,800 --> 00:42:10,439
Speaker 4: in your own home.

850
00:42:10,680 --> 00:42:15,080
Speaker 3: Yeah, that might just be for you and your friend Eisler. Yeah.

851
00:42:15,120 --> 00:42:17,239
Speaker 2: So, because they can't make money off of this, and

852
00:42:17,280 --> 00:42:20,799
Speaker 2: Schmidt is struggling, is basically is going to spend like

853
00:42:20,840 --> 00:42:24,120
Speaker 2: the first almost decade of his adulthood as an intern unpaid,

854
00:42:24,280 --> 00:42:26,600
Speaker 2: because that's what being an academic means in this period

855
00:42:26,640 --> 00:42:29,200
Speaker 2: of time, so you have to have support from someone.

856
00:42:29,800 --> 00:42:32,959
Speaker 2: And Eisler begs his family like, hey, this this friend

857
00:42:32,960 --> 00:42:35,040
Speaker 2: of mine is brilliant and he's a good guy. He's

858
00:42:35,080 --> 00:42:39,239
Speaker 2: not a racist. We've got money, dad, will you give

859
00:42:39,360 --> 00:42:40,319
Speaker 2: money to this guy?

860
00:42:40,600 --> 00:42:40,799
Speaker 4: Right?

861
00:42:41,080 --> 00:42:43,440
Speaker 2: And as a matter of fact, for like most of

862
00:42:43,440 --> 00:42:46,640
Speaker 2: his twenties up until World War One, the Eislers will

863
00:42:46,680 --> 00:42:50,400
Speaker 2: be Schmidt's primary source of financial support. This Jewish family

864
00:42:50,880 --> 00:42:54,840
Speaker 2: really keeps this kid from starving, you know which, given

865
00:42:54,880 --> 00:42:57,239
Speaker 2: what he's going to do to Jewish people later, is

866
00:42:57,320 --> 00:43:02,120
Speaker 2: just an extra level of fuck. In letters to his sister,

867
00:43:02,360 --> 00:43:05,520
Speaker 2: Carl's sister, who became a teacher in Portugal during this period,

868
00:43:05,760 --> 00:43:09,120
Speaker 2: Carl showed an obsession and a frustration with his relative poverty,

869
00:43:09,440 --> 00:43:11,720
Speaker 2: writing that neither of them, either he or his sister,

870
00:43:11,840 --> 00:43:15,160
Speaker 2: had been careful enough in choosing their parents, and complaining

871
00:43:15,160 --> 00:43:17,719
Speaker 2: that rich people were conceded so both like, fuck my

872
00:43:17,760 --> 00:43:19,840
Speaker 2: mom and dad for not making us rich and also

873
00:43:19,920 --> 00:43:20,760
Speaker 2: fuck rich people.

874
00:43:20,920 --> 00:43:23,120
Speaker 4: Fuck rich people, yeah, yeah.

875
00:43:23,239 --> 00:43:25,480
Speaker 2: One letter he sent her on the subject included this

876
00:43:25,560 --> 00:43:28,640
Speaker 2: interesting line, this is what makes our time so dreadful

877
00:43:28,680 --> 00:43:30,799
Speaker 2: that the individual person, what he is and what he

878
00:43:30,840 --> 00:43:33,680
Speaker 2: can do never matters, only the role that he can

879
00:43:33,719 --> 00:43:38,520
Speaker 2: play in society. You know, it's an interesting, interesting issue. Yeah,

880
00:43:38,560 --> 00:43:41,399
Speaker 2: I think it's not an uncommon thing to feel during

881
00:43:41,400 --> 00:43:44,560
Speaker 2: this period of time, Right, I'm no one cares about

882
00:43:44,560 --> 00:43:46,319
Speaker 2: who I am, just like what I can do, how

883
00:43:46,400 --> 00:43:48,719
Speaker 2: much money I can make. And that's like, it's kind

884
00:43:48,719 --> 00:43:50,479
Speaker 2: of fuck that society works that way.

885
00:43:51,080 --> 00:43:54,080
Speaker 4: And it's that type of humor that made that satire table.

886
00:43:54,200 --> 00:43:57,840
Speaker 2: That made his magazine really take off. National Lampoon acquired

887
00:43:57,880 --> 00:44:02,399
Speaker 2: it for three million dollars. Yeah, now that's a very

888
00:44:02,920 --> 00:44:06,480
Speaker 2: like wow, easy to identify with sentence. Here's the one

889
00:44:06,480 --> 00:44:09,000
Speaker 2: that's less easy to identify with. So he warns his

890
00:44:09,080 --> 00:44:12,000
Speaker 2: sister in the same letter to be careful with men. Quote,

891
00:44:12,239 --> 00:44:15,520
Speaker 2: don't trust these Portuguese happy go lucky win bags an inch,

892
00:44:15,760 --> 00:44:17,719
Speaker 2: don't even begin anything with them.

893
00:44:19,840 --> 00:44:21,240
Speaker 4: Same sentence, by the way.

894
00:44:21,400 --> 00:44:23,640
Speaker 3: There was same sentence, same sentence.

895
00:44:23,640 --> 00:44:26,640
Speaker 2: There's a semicin, Oh, society judges us on all these

896
00:44:26,640 --> 00:44:29,359
Speaker 2: bullshit things. Don't ever trust a Portuguese man while we're

897
00:44:29,400 --> 00:44:36,480
Speaker 2: at it, these fucking Portuguese wind bags. So, after a

898
00:44:36,520 --> 00:44:39,360
Speaker 2: brief period working for his brother as a lawyer's assistant,

899
00:44:39,400 --> 00:44:42,160
Speaker 2: he continued to squeak By as an academic lecturing and

900
00:44:42,160 --> 00:44:44,279
Speaker 2: getting bits of work off the strength of his now

901
00:44:44,320 --> 00:44:47,800
Speaker 2: published thesis. In his free time, he flirted and seems

902
00:44:47,840 --> 00:44:51,200
Speaker 2: to have gone after women compulsively. Merrying describes this as

903
00:44:51,239 --> 00:44:54,560
Speaker 2: like his in his own mind. His original sin is

904
00:44:54,560 --> 00:44:57,640
Speaker 2: that this guy just can't stop trying to fuck, Like

905
00:44:57,719 --> 00:45:01,319
Speaker 2: he is really horny and a bad judgment and is

906
00:45:01,520 --> 00:45:05,000
Speaker 2: constantly screwing around. He may have actually been kind of

907
00:45:05,040 --> 00:45:07,799
Speaker 2: a player at one point. It's a little hard to tell.

908
00:45:07,840 --> 00:45:10,480
Speaker 2: But like his earliest serious fling that we have evidence

909
00:45:10,520 --> 00:45:14,040
Speaker 2: with is this pair of Jewish sisters, the Bernsteins, who

910
00:45:14,040 --> 00:45:17,360
Speaker 2: he's like in a love triangle with. He's like, and

911
00:45:17,400 --> 00:45:19,799
Speaker 2: it's unclear given the time, is he just flirting with

912
00:45:19,840 --> 00:45:22,319
Speaker 2: both of them or are they actually like go in

913
00:45:22,440 --> 00:45:25,800
Speaker 2: at it right? But he wants to marry one of them, Helene,

914
00:45:26,120 --> 00:45:29,000
Speaker 2: But he's also kind of stringing the other along like

915
00:45:29,040 --> 00:45:32,120
Speaker 2: he's gotta he's got a he's got a triangle with

916
00:45:32,200 --> 00:45:33,239
Speaker 2: these two sisters.

917
00:45:33,480 --> 00:45:35,480
Speaker 4: Yeah, I don't know. This sounds like Portuguese wind bag

918
00:45:35,520 --> 00:45:36,040
Speaker 4: behavior to me.

919
00:45:36,280 --> 00:45:41,160
Speaker 2: It's like a Portuguese wind's like a Portuguese win. Now

920
00:45:41,200 --> 00:45:44,640
Speaker 2: he tries to marry Helene. And again this is these

921
00:45:44,719 --> 00:45:46,640
Speaker 2: these sisters are Jewish, so the fact that he wants

922
00:45:46,680 --> 00:45:48,600
Speaker 2: to marry this woman at one point is really interesting,

923
00:45:48,600 --> 00:45:52,000
Speaker 2: again given what he's going to become. But her family

924
00:45:52,040 --> 00:45:54,840
Speaker 2: won't let him because he has no money, and like,

925
00:45:54,920 --> 00:45:57,160
Speaker 2: this is not just you know, U, this is a

926
00:45:57,200 --> 00:46:00,439
Speaker 2: thing any German father pretty much would have had set

927
00:46:00,480 --> 00:46:03,439
Speaker 2: at the time. It's like, well, you're an academic, maybe

928
00:46:03,440 --> 00:46:05,719
Speaker 2: you'll have a career, but right now you literally don't

929
00:46:05,760 --> 00:46:08,440
Speaker 2: have income. So no, you can't marry my daughter. You

930
00:46:08,480 --> 00:46:09,879
Speaker 2: have no way of supporting her.

931
00:46:10,000 --> 00:46:10,200
Speaker 1: Right.

932
00:46:10,560 --> 00:46:12,440
Speaker 2: This is not a thing that just would have happened

933
00:46:12,440 --> 00:46:14,200
Speaker 2: because of like the religion of her father. This was

934
00:46:14,239 --> 00:46:16,759
Speaker 2: a totally normal thing at the time. And this is

935
00:46:16,800 --> 00:46:19,839
Speaker 2: something that's driving him crazy that he can't get married, right,

936
00:46:20,160 --> 00:46:23,719
Speaker 2: He has nothing coming in and he starts to get

937
00:46:23,719 --> 00:46:27,040
Speaker 2: increasingly angry at society, which we see in his letters

938
00:46:27,080 --> 00:46:31,040
Speaker 2: to his sister quote every person is vehemently egotistic, and

939
00:46:31,080 --> 00:46:33,360
Speaker 2: it is a miracle they do not murder and poison

940
00:46:33,400 --> 00:46:38,319
Speaker 2: each other, but inquire about the weather instead. So he's

941
00:46:38,480 --> 00:46:41,160
Speaker 2: become very black pilled at this point in time. He

942
00:46:41,200 --> 00:46:44,439
Speaker 2: can't get married. He seems locked out at this point

943
00:46:44,520 --> 00:46:47,360
Speaker 2: from and so close to being where he needs to

944
00:46:47,400 --> 00:46:50,480
Speaker 2: be right, but he just can't cross that border because

945
00:46:50,520 --> 00:46:51,480
Speaker 2: he was born poor.

946
00:46:52,600 --> 00:46:55,600
Speaker 4: It is interesting that he chooses his sister to confide into,

947
00:46:55,880 --> 00:46:58,040
Speaker 4: you know, like, I wonder why, Yeah, that was.

948
00:46:58,040 --> 00:47:02,080
Speaker 2: He hates his younger sister. His older sister who's in Portugal,

949
00:47:02,120 --> 00:47:04,279
Speaker 2: he seems to really trust, and maybe she's the only

950
00:47:04,320 --> 00:47:06,759
Speaker 2: member of his family that he can trust. It kind

951
00:47:06,760 --> 00:47:07,760
Speaker 2: of does seem that way.

952
00:47:08,160 --> 00:47:08,920
Speaker 4: A mother figure.

953
00:47:09,480 --> 00:47:10,920
Speaker 2: Yeah, maybe a little bit of a maybe, or at

954
00:47:10,960 --> 00:47:12,880
Speaker 2: least someone how yeah, how he would have liked to

955
00:47:12,920 --> 00:47:13,800
Speaker 2: have felt about.

956
00:47:13,560 --> 00:47:15,239
Speaker 4: His mother, his chosen mother.

957
00:47:15,800 --> 00:47:19,880
Speaker 2: Yeah, speaking of poisoning and murdering each other. Well, uh,

958
00:47:20,120 --> 00:47:20,719
Speaker 2: don't do that.

959
00:47:20,840 --> 00:47:29,160
Speaker 3: Listen to ads. Okay, we're back.

960
00:47:29,520 --> 00:47:32,440
Speaker 2: So obviously this is nineteen twelve. World War One is

961
00:47:32,520 --> 00:47:35,120
Speaker 2: right around the horizon, but Carl doesn't know that yet,

962
00:47:35,160 --> 00:47:37,279
Speaker 2: and he is much more concerned with matters of the

963
00:47:37,320 --> 00:47:39,799
Speaker 2: heart than the fact that everything is about to get

964
00:47:39,840 --> 00:47:42,759
Speaker 2: really fucked up for everybody in his world. He had

965
00:47:42,800 --> 00:47:45,880
Speaker 2: been banned from the Bernstein House after continuing to pursue

966
00:47:45,920 --> 00:47:49,640
Speaker 2: Helena after her parents said no. So he is he

967
00:47:49,719 --> 00:47:52,120
Speaker 2: is that kind of suitor, like he will not give

968
00:47:52,160 --> 00:47:54,279
Speaker 2: up and eventually her dad's like, motherfucker, I'm calling the

969
00:47:54,280 --> 00:47:56,919
Speaker 2: cops if you come back here again. The good news

970
00:47:56,960 --> 00:47:59,480
Speaker 2: for him is that within weeks of this, he meets

971
00:47:59,480 --> 00:48:03,280
Speaker 2: a Spanish dancer at a cabaret. She calls herself Kri

972
00:48:03,680 --> 00:48:06,040
Speaker 2: and when they strike up a relationship, she tells him

973
00:48:06,040 --> 00:48:11,400
Speaker 2: her full name is Pauline Carita Maria Isabella von Doretik. Now,

974
00:48:11,880 --> 00:48:15,960
Speaker 2: if you know German vaughan means someone is a noble, right,

975
00:48:16,520 --> 00:48:19,200
Speaker 2: Like that's a marker that you are of the nobility.

976
00:48:19,239 --> 00:48:22,080
Speaker 2: And this woman is claiming to be the daughter of

977
00:48:22,120 --> 00:48:24,880
Speaker 2: a noble family. And so as soon as he's like

978
00:48:25,320 --> 00:48:29,520
Speaker 2: got the interests of this dancer who's like got noble blood,

979
00:48:29,760 --> 00:48:32,920
Speaker 2: he drops all interest in these sisters he's been pursuing,

980
00:48:33,160 --> 00:48:35,360
Speaker 2: and he writes to her, his sister, I now have

981
00:48:35,400 --> 00:48:40,200
Speaker 2: a delightful friendship with a Spanish dancer. Now Carrie is

982
00:48:40,200 --> 00:48:44,000
Speaker 2: not Spanish, she is also not a noble woman. Every

983
00:48:44,040 --> 00:48:47,279
Speaker 2: aspect of Carrie's life was fake. She claimed to be

984
00:48:47,360 --> 00:48:49,879
Speaker 2: the daughter of a Croatian lord who had died, which

985
00:48:49,880 --> 00:48:51,880
Speaker 2: had forced her to travel to Munich to live with

986
00:48:51,920 --> 00:48:55,920
Speaker 2: a cruel aunt, which was basically a Disney fable. She

987
00:48:56,000 --> 00:48:58,400
Speaker 2: also claimed that she'd been born a week after Karl,

988
00:48:58,440 --> 00:49:00,759
Speaker 2: when in reality she was five years older than him.

989
00:49:01,760 --> 00:49:04,480
Speaker 2: She was the illegitimate daughter of a Viennese woman and

990
00:49:04,520 --> 00:49:07,960
Speaker 2: a Croatian plumber. And for all of his brains, Carl

991
00:49:08,200 --> 00:49:11,520
Speaker 2: never catches her in her life like not or at

992
00:49:11,600 --> 00:49:14,160
Speaker 2: least at this point right, he buys in all of

993
00:49:14,200 --> 00:49:17,400
Speaker 2: her stories of royal life, everything she says about herself.

994
00:49:17,600 --> 00:49:20,719
Speaker 2: He has completely fallen for this woman and all of

995
00:49:20,760 --> 00:49:24,040
Speaker 2: his colleagues because again he's a doctor. At this point right,

996
00:49:24,239 --> 00:49:27,160
Speaker 2: all of his colleagues are like, man, this chick is

997
00:49:27,480 --> 00:49:30,480
Speaker 2: not She's lying to you, for one, but this is bullshit.

998
00:49:30,800 --> 00:49:34,560
Speaker 4: Like there's no Spanish accent here.

999
00:49:34,000 --> 00:49:38,200
Speaker 2: She doesn't sound Spanish. That's not a Spanish name. Why,

1000
00:49:38,440 --> 00:49:42,520
Speaker 2: Like this family doesn't exist. She has a Croatian accent.

1001
00:49:43,560 --> 00:49:46,480
Speaker 2: His mentors gently warned him against getting with what they

1002
00:49:46,480 --> 00:49:49,480
Speaker 2: called a tingle tangle girl. And this is a term

1003
00:49:49,520 --> 00:49:51,480
Speaker 2: at the time it refers to like the kind of

1004
00:49:51,560 --> 00:49:55,640
Speaker 2: clangy sort of like bits of like jewelry that dancers

1005
00:49:55,680 --> 00:49:58,719
Speaker 2: at burlesque's and whatnot would wear. It means that they're

1006
00:49:58,719 --> 00:50:01,120
Speaker 2: calling her a stripper, right, or they're calling her outright

1007
00:50:01,160 --> 00:50:03,400
Speaker 2: a whore. That's what a tingle tangle means at this

1008
00:50:03,480 --> 00:50:06,279
Speaker 2: period of time, right, Like, man, you have fallen for

1009
00:50:06,360 --> 00:50:08,480
Speaker 2: this stripper and she is lying about her past. That's

1010
00:50:08,480 --> 00:50:11,759
Speaker 2: what his friends are saying. Right, That's that's the equivalent

1011
00:50:11,800 --> 00:50:14,520
Speaker 2: in modern terms, right. But he doesn't care. He's in

1012
00:50:14,560 --> 00:50:17,120
Speaker 2: love with this woman. He believes her, and he believes

1013
00:50:17,120 --> 00:50:20,399
Speaker 2: her even though they can get married because her dad's dead.

1014
00:50:20,480 --> 00:50:22,279
Speaker 2: There's no one to stop them. He doesn't need to

1015
00:50:22,280 --> 00:50:24,600
Speaker 2: ask permission. But they can't get married because every time

1016
00:50:24,600 --> 00:50:27,359
Speaker 2: they try to go to a judge, the judge's like, oh, okay, well,

1017
00:50:27,480 --> 00:50:30,799
Speaker 2: where's this woman's papers, you know, to show where her

1018
00:50:30,840 --> 00:50:33,239
Speaker 2: citizenship is and that she is who she and she

1019
00:50:33,400 --> 00:50:36,919
Speaker 2: never has them. And occasionally she'll have papers, but they'll

1020
00:50:36,960 --> 00:50:40,279
Speaker 2: be like, well, these are obviously fake. And Carl doesn't like,

1021
00:50:41,280 --> 00:50:43,360
Speaker 2: doesn't think anything's weird.

1022
00:50:42,800 --> 00:50:46,480
Speaker 3: He loses them all the time.

1023
00:50:46,719 --> 00:50:50,120
Speaker 4: Yeah, with them, they're.

1024
00:50:51,239 --> 00:50:53,399
Speaker 2: So he spends the last years before World War One

1025
00:50:53,400 --> 00:50:57,160
Speaker 2: fighting constantly with their local magistrates to get her naturalized

1026
00:50:57,200 --> 00:51:00,040
Speaker 2: so that they can get married. And because he's so

1027
00:51:00,160 --> 00:51:02,799
Speaker 2: crazy in love, he switches in this last year or

1028
00:51:02,800 --> 00:51:05,680
Speaker 2: so before the war from writing about law to writing

1029
00:51:05,840 --> 00:51:09,320
Speaker 2: about love, particularly the morality of love. I'm going to

1030
00:51:09,400 --> 00:51:12,520
Speaker 2: quote from Merhring's book again here from October twelfth. The

1031
00:51:12,560 --> 00:51:15,840
Speaker 2: diary contains a passionate love letters and an ecstatic philosophy

1032
00:51:15,880 --> 00:51:18,200
Speaker 2: of love that aims to base love on permanence and

1033
00:51:18,480 --> 00:51:22,560
Speaker 2: enforce faithfulness by idealizing love as devotion to an idea.

1034
00:51:22,960 --> 00:51:25,960
Speaker 2: Schmidt wanted to conceive his love from the perspective of eternity,

1035
00:51:26,200 --> 00:51:29,239
Speaker 2: a perspective in which kri then had no predecessor and

1036
00:51:29,239 --> 00:51:33,239
Speaker 2: no successor. Right, he can't he can't let himself a

1037
00:51:33,280 --> 00:51:35,959
Speaker 2: man again. This woman is an exotic dancer. She has

1038
00:51:36,040 --> 00:51:40,439
Speaker 2: a relationship history prior to him. She's trying to build

1039
00:51:40,440 --> 00:51:43,480
Speaker 2: this cosmology in which there's never been a before. Right,

1040
00:51:43,600 --> 00:51:46,400
Speaker 2: because then that's he just is not secure enough in

1041
00:51:46,440 --> 00:51:47,000
Speaker 2: that idea.

1042
00:51:47,440 --> 00:51:47,640
Speaker 4: Right.

1043
00:51:48,120 --> 00:51:51,160
Speaker 1: This happens all the time, like this is very constantly, constantly.

1044
00:51:51,200 --> 00:51:52,399
Speaker 2: Yeah, it's like a very common thing.

1045
00:51:52,440 --> 00:51:54,680
Speaker 4: I fear my wife has never seen a man before.

1046
00:51:55,239 --> 00:51:57,480
Speaker 4: She still has it to be a POOLI yes, never

1047
00:51:57,640 --> 00:52:01,160
Speaker 4: never talk about myself, let's start now.

1048
00:52:02,160 --> 00:52:04,359
Speaker 2: But it is it is interesting that he he has

1049
00:52:04,400 --> 00:52:07,239
Speaker 2: to intellectualize this the way he does. His attitudes about

1050
00:52:07,280 --> 00:52:09,960
Speaker 2: the law right where he's like building this this almost

1051
00:52:10,000 --> 00:52:13,120
Speaker 2: like natural law attitude about how love works in order

1052
00:52:13,200 --> 00:52:17,239
Speaker 2: to avoid being insecure. It's gonna give you an idea

1053
00:52:17,280 --> 00:52:19,480
Speaker 2: of how of how good he will be at twisting

1054
00:52:19,960 --> 00:52:24,560
Speaker 2: based on his own kind of feelings, his understanding of

1055
00:52:24,680 --> 00:52:26,960
Speaker 2: like the law, and these things that are supposed to

1056
00:52:26,960 --> 00:52:31,120
Speaker 2: be objective but that really are not. He starts writing

1057
00:52:31,160 --> 00:52:33,920
Speaker 2: that his past pursuit of the Bernstein sisters was a mistake,

1058
00:52:34,000 --> 00:52:37,480
Speaker 2: but obviously it's their mistake, not him. He writes that

1059
00:52:37,520 --> 00:52:40,960
Speaker 2: he had been quote painfully ambushed by a vain, common, ugly,

1060
00:52:41,000 --> 00:52:43,560
Speaker 2: and arrogant virago who is now in possession of love

1061
00:52:43,680 --> 00:52:46,560
Speaker 2: letters from me. She has foisted herself on me as

1062
00:52:46,560 --> 00:52:48,880
Speaker 2: an address. See thus I spit her out as a

1063
00:52:48,880 --> 00:52:50,799
Speaker 2: whole person. I have no more to do with her.

1064
00:52:50,920 --> 00:52:53,960
Speaker 2: I wash my hands clean. I took excrement for gold

1065
00:52:54,000 --> 00:52:56,160
Speaker 2: without letting slip from my fingers, the pure gold that

1066
00:52:56,200 --> 00:52:59,080
Speaker 2: I now hold in my hands. And he's like, it's

1067
00:52:59,120 --> 00:53:02,239
Speaker 2: her like, because again, the fact that he had been

1068
00:53:02,239 --> 00:53:04,320
Speaker 2: in love with this woman and had written her letters

1069
00:53:04,440 --> 00:53:08,080
Speaker 2: means that this relationship he's in, even his side of it,

1070
00:53:08,160 --> 00:53:10,040
Speaker 2: isn't as peer as he wants to pretend and it's

1071
00:53:10,040 --> 00:53:13,160
Speaker 2: her fault. Right, she ambushed me, she forced me to

1072
00:53:13,200 --> 00:53:14,040
Speaker 2: write her letters.

1073
00:53:14,200 --> 00:53:14,799
Speaker 4: You tricked me.

1074
00:53:15,239 --> 00:53:15,680
Speaker 3: Yeah.

1075
00:53:15,960 --> 00:53:18,680
Speaker 4: Meanwhile, the honest person that he's currently with, that's not

1076
00:53:18,719 --> 00:53:19,279
Speaker 4: a trick at all.

1077
00:53:19,320 --> 00:53:21,160
Speaker 2: But now that's not a trick at all. Well, here's

1078
00:53:21,200 --> 00:53:24,960
Speaker 2: the fact, Like, yeah, man, shit changes people feel different

1079
00:53:24,960 --> 00:53:28,399
Speaker 2: ways about people over time. That's fine, Like you could

1080
00:53:28,440 --> 00:53:29,440
Speaker 2: just accept.

1081
00:53:29,080 --> 00:53:31,640
Speaker 4: That some shit shit, some shit's gold.

1082
00:53:32,280 --> 00:53:36,440
Speaker 2: Yeah yeah, right, anyway, this is where we're going to

1083
00:53:36,520 --> 00:53:39,640
Speaker 2: leave Karl on the eve of World War one, Right,

1084
00:53:40,120 --> 00:53:43,600
Speaker 2: this guy who is starting to become the thinker who's

1085
00:53:43,640 --> 00:53:47,880
Speaker 2: going to define a lot of what becomes Nazist jurisprudence.

1086
00:53:48,840 --> 00:53:56,080
Speaker 2: He's also real big issues with women, right, Yeah, so

1087
00:53:56,120 --> 00:53:56,880
Speaker 2: how we feel.

1088
00:53:56,680 --> 00:54:00,960
Speaker 4: In Blake, what's a German for? In cell is what

1089
00:54:01,080 --> 00:54:01,640
Speaker 4: is what is?

1090
00:54:01,760 --> 00:54:05,040
Speaker 2: Except he's kind of getting late, like yeah, it is

1091
00:54:05,360 --> 00:54:07,399
Speaker 2: like he's not I don't know, I don't know where

1092
00:54:07,440 --> 00:54:10,160
Speaker 2: we land on this guy, but he isn't you know,

1093
00:54:10,800 --> 00:54:12,440
Speaker 2: I that flew by.

1094
00:54:12,520 --> 00:54:15,680
Speaker 4: It is really interesting to get because it's almost like

1095
00:54:15,840 --> 00:54:19,240
Speaker 4: seeing the first piece of shit, like the modern piece

1096
00:54:19,280 --> 00:54:21,800
Speaker 4: of shit that we have now. Yeah, it is interesting

1097
00:54:21,920 --> 00:54:25,759
Speaker 4: seeing the building blocks of how it came together, you know,

1098
00:54:25,880 --> 00:54:28,840
Speaker 4: especially knowing what he turns into. There are so many

1099
00:54:28,840 --> 00:54:31,839
Speaker 4: clues of oh, look he wants to this is how

1100
00:54:31,880 --> 00:54:36,840
Speaker 4: he's breaking down this establishment, and that establishment is trying

1101
00:54:36,880 --> 00:54:41,560
Speaker 4: to date these Jewish histories. He broke down that democracy,

1102
00:54:41,880 --> 00:54:43,919
Speaker 4: you know, and it's interesting to see how he wants

1103
00:54:43,960 --> 00:54:46,080
Speaker 4: to do it going forward. But yeah, this is this

1104
00:54:46,160 --> 00:54:47,279
Speaker 4: is fascinating so far.

1105
00:54:47,640 --> 00:54:50,640
Speaker 2: Yeah, yeah, well that is what we're going to be

1106
00:54:50,800 --> 00:54:52,720
Speaker 2: continuing from next time.

1107
00:54:53,320 --> 00:54:53,719
Speaker 4: All right.

1108
00:54:54,080 --> 00:54:56,640
Speaker 2: Uh so, Blake, you want to plug your plugables here?

1109
00:54:56,920 --> 00:54:59,600
Speaker 4: I would love to plug some pluggables. So I am

1110
00:54:59,719 --> 00:55:03,560
Speaker 4: going to be in Philadelphia August first, doing stand up there.

1111
00:55:03,600 --> 00:55:05,759
Speaker 4: I'm going to be in Wilkes Barry at the end

1112
00:55:05,800 --> 00:55:08,359
Speaker 4: of August, and I also have a comedy special called

1113
00:55:08,360 --> 00:55:10,480
Speaker 4: Blake Wexlort Daddy Long Legs, And depending on when this

1114
00:55:10,520 --> 00:55:12,800
Speaker 4: comes out, I'm biking in this thing called the Eagles

1115
00:55:12,840 --> 00:55:17,080
Speaker 4: Autism Challenge. It raises money for autism research autism awareness,

1116
00:55:17,120 --> 00:55:19,480
Speaker 4: So there's donation links. I know times are tough, but

1117
00:55:19,480 --> 00:55:21,520
Speaker 4: if you could spare anything, that link is in my

1118
00:55:21,680 --> 00:55:24,880
Speaker 4: bio on at Blake Wexler on all social media.

1119
00:55:25,520 --> 00:55:31,120
Speaker 2: Amazing all right, check that out and yeah, don't become

1120
00:55:31,120 --> 00:55:35,880
Speaker 2: a jurist. No, don't do that. It turns out the

1121
00:55:35,960 --> 00:55:38,759
Speaker 2: laws are just what people in power decide they want

1122
00:55:38,800 --> 00:55:41,760
Speaker 2: them to be, and you shouldn't have that much faith

1123
00:55:41,760 --> 00:55:44,360
Speaker 2: in the law meaning anything objective because look at just

1124
00:55:44,360 --> 00:55:46,640
Speaker 2: read the news for ten minutes, you'll see why. Anyway,

1125
00:55:47,560 --> 00:55:50,520
Speaker 2: don't even need the full ten goodbye.

1126
00:55:53,719 --> 00:55:56,440
Speaker 1: Behind the Bastards is a production of cool Zone Media.

1127
00:55:56,800 --> 00:55:59,399
Speaker 1: For more from cool Zone Media, visit our website cool

1128
00:55:59,480 --> 00:56:03,439
Speaker 1: Zone Media, or check us out on the iHeartRadio app,

1129
00:56:03,520 --> 00:56:06,680
Speaker 1: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Behind the

1130
00:56:06,680 --> 00:56:10,759
Speaker 1: Bastards is now available on YouTube, new episodes every Wednesday

1131
00:56:10,840 --> 00:56:11,440
Speaker 1: and Friday.

1132
00:56:11,760 --> 00:56:12,480
Speaker 3: Subscribe to our

1133
00:56:12,560 --> 00:56:16,200
Speaker 1: Channel YouTube dot com slash at Behind the Bastards