1 00:00:01,120 --> 00:00:04,560 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff you Should Know from how Stuff Works 2 00:00:04,600 --> 00:00:13,840 Speaker 1: dot Com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark, 3 00:00:13,920 --> 00:00:16,680 Speaker 1: and there's Charles w Chuck Bryant, there's Jerry over there, 4 00:00:16,760 --> 00:00:22,120 Speaker 1: the trio known as Stuff you Should Know the trio. 5 00:00:23,400 --> 00:00:27,360 Speaker 1: Mm hmm, Jerry came to our live show. I know, 6 00:00:27,800 --> 00:00:33,320 Speaker 1: I'm still a little giddy and um in amazement. It's 7 00:00:33,360 --> 00:00:38,360 Speaker 1: been a while, Jaars. I mean, I know it's not personal, 8 00:00:38,440 --> 00:00:40,800 Speaker 1: but I just remember she used to actually go on 9 00:00:40,840 --> 00:00:46,280 Speaker 1: tour with us where she got a family before she 10 00:00:46,440 --> 00:00:51,680 Speaker 1: checked out. Yeah, other people more than nuts. I'd also 11 00:00:51,720 --> 00:00:54,440 Speaker 1: like to point out the um fact that Jerry is 12 00:00:54,480 --> 00:00:58,760 Speaker 1: writhing and discomfort right now, Chuck. Yeah, you're really sticking 13 00:00:58,760 --> 00:01:04,000 Speaker 1: a tour. No, she's fine. Um, well, it was a 14 00:01:04,040 --> 00:01:08,400 Speaker 1: great show, probably because Jerry was there and everybody, well, 15 00:01:08,440 --> 00:01:09,920 Speaker 1: I guess you would have heard it by now because 16 00:01:09,920 --> 00:01:13,679 Speaker 1: these are coming out after Christmas. Time Warp. Let's do 17 00:01:13,760 --> 00:01:18,160 Speaker 1: the time warp dance, Chuck, and everybody's like, gee, she 18 00:01:18,200 --> 00:01:19,840 Speaker 1: would be nice to see some of the things you're 19 00:01:19,880 --> 00:01:25,720 Speaker 1: talking about. What you can do maybe next year you 20 00:01:25,760 --> 00:01:28,520 Speaker 1: mean in person? Yeah, if you want to do another 21 00:01:28,560 --> 00:01:31,760 Speaker 1: live Christmas show, sure, Yeah, I'm done with that. I mean, 22 00:01:31,800 --> 00:01:36,440 Speaker 1: we paid money for Christmas decorations. We did not to 23 00:01:36,440 --> 00:01:40,280 Speaker 1: feel like we need to reuse those. YEA, hopefully everybody 24 00:01:40,319 --> 00:01:42,640 Speaker 1: has heard it already and now they're like, yes, I 25 00:01:42,720 --> 00:01:45,040 Speaker 1: know exactly what these guys are talking about, and I'm 26 00:01:45,160 --> 00:01:50,680 Speaker 1: enjoying this horribly awkward intro diversion. It's not awkward. Speaking 27 00:01:50,680 --> 00:01:56,600 Speaker 1: of intro divergence, Chuck, I want to mention two things. Okay, Um, 28 00:01:56,680 --> 00:02:00,000 Speaker 1: you know, the Stuff Network has a ton of really 29 00:02:00,120 --> 00:02:04,600 Speaker 1: good shows and there's one that I was on recently 30 00:02:04,680 --> 00:02:08,120 Speaker 1: called Behind the Bastards. I was on a two parter. 31 00:02:09,880 --> 00:02:12,720 Speaker 1: It was it was nice. So Robert Evans is the host, 32 00:02:12,800 --> 00:02:15,480 Speaker 1: and he basically just does tons of research about some 33 00:02:15,520 --> 00:02:18,079 Speaker 1: of the worst human beings who have ever lived, many 34 00:02:18,120 --> 00:02:20,360 Speaker 1: of whom are celebrated in some quarters, and he just 35 00:02:20,480 --> 00:02:22,920 Speaker 1: kind of tears him down to size. Did you do 36 00:02:22,960 --> 00:02:27,080 Speaker 1: a show on me? No, you're just celebrated. There's no 37 00:02:27,200 --> 00:02:29,720 Speaker 1: tearing you down. I'm sure people tear me down. I 38 00:02:29,760 --> 00:02:33,119 Speaker 1: don't care. The ones that I sat in on were, Um, 39 00:02:33,919 --> 00:02:38,760 Speaker 1: we're based on scientific racism, history of scientific racism and 40 00:02:38,800 --> 00:02:41,640 Speaker 1: how it's been used to justify like colonialism and all 41 00:02:41,680 --> 00:02:45,000 Speaker 1: sorts of stuff and the level of of research this 42 00:02:45,160 --> 00:02:48,919 Speaker 1: cat does is astounding. Yeah, it's a good show. It is. 43 00:02:48,960 --> 00:02:51,679 Speaker 1: It's a great show. So, um, I was on that. 44 00:02:51,720 --> 00:02:54,600 Speaker 1: But that's a good maybe a good primer, but really 45 00:02:54,760 --> 00:02:57,840 Speaker 1: any behind the Bastards would be a great place to start. Yeah, 46 00:02:57,840 --> 00:02:59,519 Speaker 1: the show was was a and I don't want to 47 00:02:59,520 --> 00:03:04,040 Speaker 1: say some surprising success because Robert's awesome, but um, I 48 00:03:04,040 --> 00:03:06,440 Speaker 1: think everyone was just like, wow, look at this thing, 49 00:03:07,120 --> 00:03:10,320 Speaker 1: Look at him, go, look at him. Go. And we've 50 00:03:10,320 --> 00:03:14,120 Speaker 1: got another news show actually from our pals that stuff 51 00:03:14,160 --> 00:03:17,320 Speaker 1: to blow your mind. Joe and Robert. Yes, they just 52 00:03:17,400 --> 00:03:21,000 Speaker 1: launched a show called Invention. I don't remember if they 53 00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:24,360 Speaker 1: went with the exclamation point or not, but it's just 54 00:03:24,480 --> 00:03:27,440 Speaker 1: awesome because I think no, but that boy, their album 55 00:03:27,520 --> 00:03:30,480 Speaker 1: art is so cool. It's it's really great. It's just 56 00:03:30,560 --> 00:03:33,359 Speaker 1: a cool maze where you're just waiting for a minuteur 57 00:03:33,440 --> 00:03:35,520 Speaker 1: to leap out. Yeah. And for the people that are 58 00:03:35,560 --> 00:03:37,480 Speaker 1: like album art, what are you talking about? Did they 59 00:03:37,480 --> 00:03:41,720 Speaker 1: record an lp uh little industry lingo everybody, the little 60 00:03:41,880 --> 00:03:46,040 Speaker 1: icons that you see on your podcast players, it's called 61 00:03:46,120 --> 00:03:50,040 Speaker 1: album art in the industry for some reason. Yeah, I 62 00:03:50,080 --> 00:03:53,280 Speaker 1: still haven't figured that one out. I think it's just 63 00:03:53,320 --> 00:03:57,680 Speaker 1: a hold over from um iTunes days, I guess, But 64 00:03:57,840 --> 00:03:59,800 Speaker 1: like what, it would be funny if they called it 65 00:03:59,840 --> 00:04:06,680 Speaker 1: like the single art, that would be pretty funny. Actually, 66 00:04:06,880 --> 00:04:09,760 Speaker 1: still never bought a single in my life. Oh I have. 67 00:04:10,880 --> 00:04:14,360 Speaker 1: I don't remember what they were, but I have. So anyway, 68 00:04:14,440 --> 00:04:16,840 Speaker 1: go check out Invention. You're gonna love it. If you're 69 00:04:16,920 --> 00:04:18,840 Speaker 1: a stuff to blow your mind fan, it's Joe and 70 00:04:18,960 --> 00:04:22,000 Speaker 1: Robert doing their thing but on different topics, you're just 71 00:04:22,000 --> 00:04:23,719 Speaker 1: gonna love it. And then if you're not a stuff 72 00:04:23,720 --> 00:04:27,440 Speaker 1: to blow your mind fan, well you're welcome for introducing 73 00:04:27,440 --> 00:04:31,240 Speaker 1: YouTube to awesome podcasts at once. Yeah, those guys are great. Ye. 74 00:04:32,200 --> 00:04:35,840 Speaker 1: So uh okay, let's talk about our own thing. Okay, 75 00:04:35,920 --> 00:04:39,360 Speaker 1: let's do our own stuff. Yeah, what about us? So 76 00:04:39,400 --> 00:04:41,919 Speaker 1: we're talking, let's get in the way back machine, and 77 00:04:41,960 --> 00:04:46,400 Speaker 1: we need to put on our high temperature protective suits 78 00:04:46,880 --> 00:04:49,760 Speaker 1: that we used to hang out on volcanoes sometimes. Well, 79 00:04:49,800 --> 00:04:52,600 Speaker 1: and also our low temperature protective suits are in the back. 80 00:04:52,839 --> 00:05:00,680 Speaker 1: They are we don't need them for this one. Well, 81 00:05:00,760 --> 00:05:04,040 Speaker 1: what day are we going to We're going to June eight, 82 00:05:04,120 --> 00:05:09,159 Speaker 1: so sure, it's probably about seventies seventy degrees actually early 83 00:05:09,160 --> 00:05:12,320 Speaker 1: in the morning. We're going to get there around around 84 00:05:12,320 --> 00:05:14,920 Speaker 1: seven am to give ourselves some time to get set up. 85 00:05:15,480 --> 00:05:18,880 Speaker 1: But seven am on June thirtieth, nineteen o eight in 86 00:05:19,000 --> 00:05:25,200 Speaker 1: the Russian wilderness around the Pudka Manya Tungusca, which means 87 00:05:25,200 --> 00:05:30,880 Speaker 1: the stony Tunguska River. Um, it was probably about fifty degrees, 88 00:05:30,920 --> 00:05:33,840 Speaker 1: Will say, okay, yeah, which is I mean that is 89 00:05:33,880 --> 00:05:37,680 Speaker 1: like choice summertime weather for the Siberian Plateau. Yeah, and 90 00:05:37,680 --> 00:05:41,560 Speaker 1: this place is gorgeous. So the stony Tunguska River is 91 00:05:41,600 --> 00:05:46,159 Speaker 1: a nice, wide, meandering, slow river, and it's name stony 92 00:05:46,200 --> 00:05:49,120 Speaker 1: because the bottom is all beautiful pebbles and it just 93 00:05:49,240 --> 00:05:52,040 Speaker 1: kind of its banks are not really well defined. It 94 00:05:52,160 --> 00:05:54,480 Speaker 1: just kind of goes into the land and swamp land 95 00:05:55,279 --> 00:05:59,039 Speaker 1: and then suddenly the land rises upward into ridges with 96 00:05:59,320 --> 00:06:04,400 Speaker 1: huge all evergreens everywhere. It's just gorgeous. I love it here. 97 00:06:04,880 --> 00:06:06,559 Speaker 1: You know what we call those rocks in the South 98 00:06:07,600 --> 00:06:11,159 Speaker 1: skipping rocks. They are skipping rocks. They call them that 99 00:06:11,240 --> 00:06:17,040 Speaker 1: in Russia too. Oh really yeah, Skivinski rocks. Emily the 100 00:06:17,120 --> 00:06:19,159 Speaker 1: other day was like, I wish I could skip rocks, 101 00:06:19,200 --> 00:06:21,360 Speaker 1: and I was like, dude, you just gotta get the 102 00:06:21,440 --> 00:06:24,400 Speaker 1: right rocks. That's really the key. I mean, this show, 103 00:06:24,400 --> 00:06:27,919 Speaker 1: there's techniques in the wrist and everything, but it really 104 00:06:28,000 --> 00:06:30,480 Speaker 1: is the rock. Although so there are people who can 105 00:06:30,480 --> 00:06:33,440 Speaker 1: skip just about any rock you handem well that I'm 106 00:06:33,480 --> 00:06:37,279 Speaker 1: a pretty good skipper, but you still need those good, little, smooth, 107 00:06:37,279 --> 00:06:39,600 Speaker 1: little river rocks. It's true. It makes it way easier 108 00:06:39,640 --> 00:06:42,880 Speaker 1: for sure. So in this beautiful place, I also failed 109 00:06:42,880 --> 00:06:45,640 Speaker 1: to mention there's lots of reindeer wandering around and they're 110 00:06:45,640 --> 00:06:49,599 Speaker 1: not wild. They're actually being herded by the Evenki people 111 00:06:49,920 --> 00:06:54,520 Speaker 1: also known as the toong goose Um, who are basically 112 00:06:54,560 --> 00:06:58,160 Speaker 1: nomadic reindeer herders that live in the area. Yeah, these 113 00:06:58,160 --> 00:07:02,600 Speaker 1: are working deer, right. So everything's pretty idyllic and sweet 114 00:07:02,640 --> 00:07:05,680 Speaker 1: and nice. It's the Siberian summer. And then all of 115 00:07:05,720 --> 00:07:10,240 Speaker 1: a sudden, there's a streak of cloud across the sky, 116 00:07:10,320 --> 00:07:14,120 Speaker 1: a fireball at the tip. It looks like about a spear, 117 00:07:14,760 --> 00:07:16,960 Speaker 1: and then all of a sudden, this is seven seventeen 118 00:07:17,000 --> 00:07:20,320 Speaker 1: am local time, all of a sudden, that fireball disappears, 119 00:07:20,880 --> 00:07:24,760 Speaker 1: and then a huge flash of light explodes in the sky. 120 00:07:25,840 --> 00:07:29,640 Speaker 1: And that's followed very quickly by a huge burst of heat, 121 00:07:30,560 --> 00:07:34,840 Speaker 1: and then after that is followed by a huge shock wave, 122 00:07:35,920 --> 00:07:39,760 Speaker 1: and a massive explosion has just taken place, the likes 123 00:07:39,840 --> 00:07:43,560 Speaker 1: of which have never been seen in recorded human history. Yeah, 124 00:07:43,560 --> 00:07:46,680 Speaker 1: where are we? Are We dead now? No, we're in 125 00:07:46,760 --> 00:07:49,960 Speaker 1: our protective bubble. Since we're actually visiting from another time, 126 00:07:50,000 --> 00:07:52,840 Speaker 1: we're still in this time. We're just kind of visiting 127 00:07:52,920 --> 00:07:55,360 Speaker 1: as in like a movie. I have never really quite 128 00:07:55,360 --> 00:07:57,520 Speaker 1: wrapped my head around the physics of it. But we're safe. 129 00:07:58,560 --> 00:08:01,520 Speaker 1: We're not dead now. If Jerry killed us while we 130 00:08:01,640 --> 00:08:06,280 Speaker 1: were paying attention to um, the Tungusco blast in this life, 131 00:08:06,360 --> 00:08:11,160 Speaker 1: we would be dead. Yeah. When you talk about explosions, um, 132 00:08:11,920 --> 00:08:14,960 Speaker 1: this was depending on where you look, Uh, it was 133 00:08:15,120 --> 00:08:17,400 Speaker 1: something in the order of a hundred to one thousand 134 00:08:17,480 --> 00:08:22,640 Speaker 1: times more powerful than the Hiroshima atomic bomb. I did 135 00:08:22,720 --> 00:08:25,400 Speaker 1: the math. I saw two hundred to two thousand times 136 00:08:25,480 --> 00:08:28,240 Speaker 1: more powerful. Yeah. Man, this that's the thing. When you're 137 00:08:28,240 --> 00:08:31,640 Speaker 1: talking about explosions in night. Sure it's gonna be arranged, 138 00:08:31,960 --> 00:08:35,760 Speaker 1: but the thing is, the Hiroshima bomb was fifteen killo 139 00:08:35,880 --> 00:08:39,719 Speaker 1: tons fifteen thousand tons of t NT yield. Yeah, it 140 00:08:39,800 --> 00:08:42,800 Speaker 1: was a big explosion, so much so and we'll get 141 00:08:42,840 --> 00:08:46,040 Speaker 1: to more details, but supposedly you could see the light 142 00:08:46,200 --> 00:08:50,800 Speaker 1: from this thing as far away as London. Yeah, there 143 00:08:50,920 --> 00:08:54,760 Speaker 1: was a lot of worldwide effects that happened from it. Yeah, 144 00:08:55,160 --> 00:08:58,199 Speaker 1: so the Hiroshima woman was fifteen kilo tons. This is 145 00:08:58,240 --> 00:09:02,599 Speaker 1: an estimated three to third mega tons, million tons of 146 00:09:02,720 --> 00:09:08,120 Speaker 1: t n T. Just an astoundingly greater explosive force, and 147 00:09:08,240 --> 00:09:11,160 Speaker 1: it just happened out of the blue, literally out of 148 00:09:11,200 --> 00:09:16,120 Speaker 1: the clear blue sky on this day, on June nineteen 149 00:09:16,160 --> 00:09:21,599 Speaker 1: o eight. Yep, that's right. And uh, thankfully it's not 150 00:09:21,960 --> 00:09:25,560 Speaker 1: a very populated area, but there there are people there, 151 00:09:26,280 --> 00:09:31,160 Speaker 1: and there are you know, native tribes people that make 152 00:09:31,240 --> 00:09:33,320 Speaker 1: their way there and they live in huts and they 153 00:09:33,440 --> 00:09:36,000 Speaker 1: raised those reindeer, and while there weren't a lot of 154 00:09:36,040 --> 00:09:40,080 Speaker 1: people there, it created Uh, it was. It was an 155 00:09:40,120 --> 00:09:42,320 Speaker 1: awful thing if you lived in the area. Some people 156 00:09:42,400 --> 00:09:46,880 Speaker 1: died of of shock and heart attacks, reindeer died, huts 157 00:09:46,920 --> 00:09:49,040 Speaker 1: were leveled. It really kind of wiped out the way 158 00:09:49,080 --> 00:09:51,520 Speaker 1: of life for these people. Yeah, yeah, big time, because 159 00:09:51,520 --> 00:09:54,200 Speaker 1: I mean, like, if you live in Siberia, you're spending 160 00:09:54,280 --> 00:09:57,640 Speaker 1: your summer like preparing for the winter, and this blast 161 00:09:57,800 --> 00:10:01,640 Speaker 1: like just leveled their supplies, the deer, the reindeer that 162 00:10:01,679 --> 00:10:03,800 Speaker 1: they depend on. It like had a huge impact on 163 00:10:03,920 --> 00:10:07,360 Speaker 1: them and some people some some people did die, although 164 00:10:07,400 --> 00:10:10,520 Speaker 1: I think um, no one died directly like being blown 165 00:10:10,559 --> 00:10:14,080 Speaker 1: to bits by the blast. It was like, um, elderly 166 00:10:14,200 --> 00:10:16,880 Speaker 1: people had heart attacks and things like that. Yeah, And 167 00:10:17,080 --> 00:10:20,319 Speaker 1: it ended up it was a very interesting pattern that 168 00:10:20,440 --> 00:10:24,120 Speaker 1: emerged here. So these trees were flattened out in a 169 00:10:24,240 --> 00:10:27,160 Speaker 1: radial pattern that pointed away from the center of this 170 00:10:27,400 --> 00:10:32,000 Speaker 1: explosion over an area this was about like close to 171 00:10:32,080 --> 00:10:35,480 Speaker 1: seven seventy five square miles. Oh my god, which is 172 00:10:35,640 --> 00:10:40,959 Speaker 1: a huge, huge explosion. Uh. There were trees that remains standing, 173 00:10:41,000 --> 00:10:43,960 Speaker 1: and this is really interesting, but there were no branches, 174 00:10:44,120 --> 00:10:48,040 Speaker 1: no leaves, no uh, no needles or anything. They were 175 00:10:48,120 --> 00:10:50,719 Speaker 1: just basically the the stem and the trunk of the 176 00:10:50,800 --> 00:10:54,559 Speaker 1: trees bear standing straight up. Yeah. And that that was 177 00:10:54,760 --> 00:10:58,520 Speaker 1: Those trees were right in the middle of the blast, 178 00:10:58,640 --> 00:11:01,480 Speaker 1: the radio blast pat Yeah. And the fact that they 179 00:11:01,600 --> 00:11:05,199 Speaker 1: were basically just stripped bear means that it was a 180 00:11:05,480 --> 00:11:10,559 Speaker 1: very huge but super fast impact that blasted all those 181 00:11:10,600 --> 00:11:14,679 Speaker 1: branches off without affecting the tree itself. Yeah. So the 182 00:11:15,000 --> 00:11:19,640 Speaker 1: this this blast, this explosion is very hot, fast, explosion 183 00:11:20,000 --> 00:11:22,920 Speaker 1: actually lit the trees on fire from the temperature that 184 00:11:23,160 --> 00:11:25,839 Speaker 1: formed the leading edge of the explosion, and then the 185 00:11:25,920 --> 00:11:28,839 Speaker 1: shock wave that followed that moved the air actually put 186 00:11:28,920 --> 00:11:31,719 Speaker 1: the fire out, so they were like flash charred and 187 00:11:31,800 --> 00:11:37,640 Speaker 1: then immediately extinguished. Yeah, there's one quote here from uh, 188 00:11:38,040 --> 00:11:41,040 Speaker 1: I mean because this was there's not a lot of 189 00:11:41,080 --> 00:11:43,719 Speaker 1: direct accounts, but they do have a few, and we'll 190 00:11:43,800 --> 00:11:46,319 Speaker 1: talk about how in a minute. But this is one 191 00:11:46,679 --> 00:11:49,559 Speaker 1: hot wind blew past us the ground and all the 192 00:11:49,640 --> 00:11:53,400 Speaker 1: huts trembled, causing the sod packing to fall from the ceilings. 193 00:11:53,480 --> 00:12:00,480 Speaker 1: The glass was blasted out of the window frames. Scary moment. Yeah, yeah, no, 194 00:12:00,600 --> 00:12:04,920 Speaker 1: I can't even imagine. Supposedly, the um the Evenki people 195 00:12:05,200 --> 00:12:08,360 Speaker 1: believed that their god ug Dy who is I think 196 00:12:08,520 --> 00:12:11,880 Speaker 1: the god of either lightning or fire or thunder one 197 00:12:11,960 --> 00:12:15,080 Speaker 1: of those. Um. I've seen different accounts of it. Um, 198 00:12:16,160 --> 00:12:18,920 Speaker 1: they that they assumed. So imagine this like you're the 199 00:12:18,960 --> 00:12:21,079 Speaker 1: only people that you're the only people are used some 200 00:12:21,400 --> 00:12:24,720 Speaker 1: reindeer hurting tribes people who live in the area. Um, 201 00:12:24,880 --> 00:12:27,800 Speaker 1: and this happens and you have no scientific frame of 202 00:12:27,880 --> 00:12:31,320 Speaker 1: reference for it, and UM, you believe your god came 203 00:12:31,400 --> 00:12:34,000 Speaker 1: to punish you wipe out all of your stores and 204 00:12:34,080 --> 00:12:36,800 Speaker 1: all of your reindeer and everything, and then that's just 205 00:12:36,920 --> 00:12:39,120 Speaker 1: what you had to live with. Because you were in 206 00:12:39,200 --> 00:12:43,319 Speaker 1: such a remote area. No one knew about this. No 207 00:12:43,400 --> 00:12:46,320 Speaker 1: one knew that this happened for a very long time, actually, 208 00:12:46,600 --> 00:12:48,760 Speaker 1: Like I think some of the local papers began to 209 00:12:48,840 --> 00:12:50,920 Speaker 1: report it by the end of the summer, but the 210 00:12:51,440 --> 00:12:55,360 Speaker 1: larger world had had no real ideal what had happened, 211 00:12:55,440 --> 00:12:59,240 Speaker 1: even though there were effects worldwide, but no one could 212 00:12:59,360 --> 00:13:03,240 Speaker 1: no one traced it back to this this moment in 213 00:13:03,480 --> 00:13:07,679 Speaker 1: Siberia for decades, at least a full decade I think 214 00:13:07,720 --> 00:13:11,400 Speaker 1: actually too. Yeah, And it wasn't like, uh, it wasn't 215 00:13:11,440 --> 00:13:15,200 Speaker 1: like the scientific community just descended upon this place ever, 216 00:13:15,440 --> 00:13:18,240 Speaker 1: really like they've and we'll talk about some of the 217 00:13:18,280 --> 00:13:22,679 Speaker 1: superstars of uh, particularly this one man that went and investigated. 218 00:13:22,760 --> 00:13:25,520 Speaker 1: But uh, I mean that's one of the reasons that 219 00:13:25,600 --> 00:13:29,400 Speaker 1: we still don't know exactly what happened. We have a 220 00:13:29,440 --> 00:13:32,520 Speaker 1: pretty good idea, which will say for later, but there 221 00:13:32,600 --> 00:13:35,199 Speaker 1: aren't Uh. This was a singular event. It's not the 222 00:13:35,280 --> 00:13:37,240 Speaker 1: kind of thing that we could say, well, this is 223 00:13:37,320 --> 00:13:40,640 Speaker 1: like that other thing that happened right exactly, Yes, yeah, Yeah, 224 00:13:40,840 --> 00:13:44,280 Speaker 1: it's it's there's nothing like although they they think that 225 00:13:44,440 --> 00:13:48,400 Speaker 1: there was at least one other thing that happened like 226 00:13:48,559 --> 00:13:53,319 Speaker 1: it in the twentie century. Um. Actually now to two 227 00:13:53,400 --> 00:13:56,040 Speaker 1: things have happened that are similar to it. So we're 228 00:13:56,080 --> 00:13:59,120 Speaker 1: kind of dancing around it a little bit. Um. But 229 00:13:59,280 --> 00:14:01,080 Speaker 1: let me tell you, let me point out one thing 230 00:14:01,200 --> 00:14:04,719 Speaker 1: that has happened. Even though this is considered far and 231 00:14:04,760 --> 00:14:09,120 Speaker 1: away the largest cosmic I guess explosion that you that 232 00:14:09,320 --> 00:14:12,480 Speaker 1: that we we have ever recorded, there was something else 233 00:14:12,559 --> 00:14:16,400 Speaker 1: that happened in Brazil in nineteen thirty near the Crusa. 234 00:14:16,760 --> 00:14:21,520 Speaker 1: I think I'm saying that right river um where there 235 00:14:21,680 --> 00:14:24,840 Speaker 1: was a very similar event, huge explosion in the sky 236 00:14:25,360 --> 00:14:30,000 Speaker 1: um scared the Bejesus out of the indigenous tribes living there, 237 00:14:30,440 --> 00:14:33,880 Speaker 1: burned a significant portion of the Amazon for a full month. 238 00:14:34,680 --> 00:14:39,520 Speaker 1: Um And there was a Jesuit missionary who um came 239 00:14:39,600 --> 00:14:42,200 Speaker 1: along five days after and got a lot of firsthand 240 00:14:42,200 --> 00:14:45,120 Speaker 1: accounts from that one. But they think it was similar 241 00:14:45,240 --> 00:14:48,960 Speaker 1: but much smaller than Tunguska. Yeah. And and the mystery 242 00:14:49,000 --> 00:14:52,640 Speaker 1: of this whole thing has led to some weird theories 243 00:14:53,240 --> 00:14:55,000 Speaker 1: that will hit on later that are I mean some 244 00:14:55,080 --> 00:14:57,960 Speaker 1: of them of course, just like aliens and beasts and 245 00:14:58,040 --> 00:15:01,000 Speaker 1: things like that, which is the we obviously no, that's 246 00:15:01,040 --> 00:15:04,800 Speaker 1: not the case, but it still remains somewhat of a 247 00:15:04,920 --> 00:15:08,880 Speaker 1: mystery after you know, a hundred plus years right um. 248 00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:11,680 Speaker 1: And then so there's one other that this was an 249 00:15:11,760 --> 00:15:15,200 Speaker 1: unrecorded history as far as we consider recorded history typically, 250 00:15:15,640 --> 00:15:18,440 Speaker 1: but there there's evidence that this happened one other time 251 00:15:18,520 --> 00:15:22,360 Speaker 1: and then this time people weren't so lucky. At something 252 00:15:22,440 --> 00:15:27,400 Speaker 1: like about thirty years ago around the Dead Sea um 253 00:15:28,600 --> 00:15:33,560 Speaker 1: there was a large area I think about five hundred 254 00:15:33,640 --> 00:15:37,680 Speaker 1: square kilometers wide, which is a pretty significant amount of 255 00:15:37,800 --> 00:15:42,960 Speaker 1: land that was just wiped bear of of life, including 256 00:15:43,040 --> 00:15:45,600 Speaker 1: humans living in the area at the time, and that 257 00:15:45,720 --> 00:15:48,960 Speaker 1: it was an explosion from the sky and it wiped 258 00:15:49,000 --> 00:15:53,160 Speaker 1: out one village in particular called tall l Hammam And 259 00:15:53,280 --> 00:15:55,680 Speaker 1: get this, chuck, you know what Tall l hamm was 260 00:15:55,760 --> 00:16:00,200 Speaker 1: also called at this time thirty years ago. Saw them 261 00:16:00,840 --> 00:16:02,960 Speaker 1: that interesting. So they think that this is where the 262 00:16:03,520 --> 00:16:06,760 Speaker 1: legend of sodom being wiped out comes from. That it 263 00:16:06,880 --> 00:16:10,840 Speaker 1: was actually an explosion much like Tungusca. And they found 264 00:16:11,000 --> 00:16:15,200 Speaker 1: shards of um like pottery from the time that the 265 00:16:15,280 --> 00:16:18,120 Speaker 1: outsides have been turned to glass some of the particles 266 00:16:18,200 --> 00:16:21,440 Speaker 1: inside have been gasified. And for this to have happened 267 00:16:21,480 --> 00:16:25,160 Speaker 1: without like doing anything more to the to the pottery 268 00:16:25,600 --> 00:16:27,800 Speaker 1: means that it happened like in an instant, and that 269 00:16:27,920 --> 00:16:31,000 Speaker 1: the air temperature was suddenly about four thousand degrees fahrenheit. 270 00:16:32,120 --> 00:16:33,920 Speaker 1: And the other thing that happened too, and this I 271 00:16:33,960 --> 00:16:37,760 Speaker 1: think also kind of bolstered the Sodom legend, was that 272 00:16:38,400 --> 00:16:42,080 Speaker 1: um a lot of the dead sea salts were pushed 273 00:16:42,120 --> 00:16:45,320 Speaker 1: across the land, um over this huge amount of land 274 00:16:45,360 --> 00:16:47,440 Speaker 1: and took like what was once fertile and turned it 275 00:16:47,520 --> 00:16:51,640 Speaker 1: into like dead sterile land because it was salted, and 276 00:16:51,720 --> 00:16:54,080 Speaker 1: it took something like six years for the area to 277 00:16:54,160 --> 00:16:59,720 Speaker 1: recover from that. In that fascinating let's take a break, 278 00:16:59,720 --> 00:17:01,720 Speaker 1: because so I think you can tell him getting a 279 00:17:01,760 --> 00:17:04,840 Speaker 1: little worked up here. All right, Well we'll be right back, 280 00:17:04,880 --> 00:17:32,080 Speaker 1: everybody with more amazing nous, alright, dude. So from the outset, 281 00:17:33,320 --> 00:17:38,720 Speaker 1: some scientific minded types were like, well, I'm hearing reports 282 00:17:38,760 --> 00:17:42,560 Speaker 1: of this this weird event that happened in eight in Tunguska, 283 00:17:43,000 --> 00:17:45,440 Speaker 1: the Tungusca area, and it sounds to me a lot 284 00:17:45,520 --> 00:17:48,600 Speaker 1: like a meteorite. So I'm gonna go check out you know, 285 00:17:48,720 --> 00:17:52,080 Speaker 1: the whole thing and try to find this meteorite. Yeah, 286 00:17:52,119 --> 00:17:54,359 Speaker 1: I mean that was one of the early theories. Uh. 287 00:17:54,800 --> 00:17:57,840 Speaker 1: There were seismographs that did register some activity, so some 288 00:17:57,920 --> 00:18:00,920 Speaker 1: people thought it was an earthquake at first. Uh. It 289 00:18:01,080 --> 00:18:05,080 Speaker 1: lit up the sky um and created this massive dust plume. 290 00:18:05,320 --> 00:18:09,119 Speaker 1: So that's where people in like London and Germany. Um, 291 00:18:09,200 --> 00:18:12,880 Speaker 1: they said that they could read newspapers at midnight even 292 00:18:12,960 --> 00:18:16,040 Speaker 1: that far away. So it was it was causing a 293 00:18:16,119 --> 00:18:19,040 Speaker 1: little bit of commotion in the scientific community. Uh. And 294 00:18:19,240 --> 00:18:23,040 Speaker 1: still you know, consider this as was eight. Um. It's 295 00:18:23,280 --> 00:18:25,399 Speaker 1: hard for a word to get around, so you can 296 00:18:25,480 --> 00:18:28,359 Speaker 1: hardly blame people with you know, this event happened kind 297 00:18:28,359 --> 00:18:30,639 Speaker 1: of in the middle of nowhere in nineteen o eight, 298 00:18:30,720 --> 00:18:33,359 Speaker 1: and it didn't exactly like you know, shake the world. 299 00:18:34,320 --> 00:18:37,320 Speaker 1: But there was one man, uh and this was uh, 300 00:18:37,640 --> 00:18:42,840 Speaker 1: this was later on. His name was Leonid Kulick, and 301 00:18:43,160 --> 00:18:44,960 Speaker 1: he was He was a scientist. He had a pretty 302 00:18:44,960 --> 00:18:48,760 Speaker 1: interesting life and career. Um. He was born in eighteen 303 00:18:48,840 --> 00:18:52,800 Speaker 1: eighty three in Estonia, which was later part of the 304 00:18:52,840 --> 00:18:56,119 Speaker 1: Soviet Union. He studied math and he studied science. He 305 00:18:56,240 --> 00:18:58,640 Speaker 1: fought in both World War One and World War Two, 306 00:18:58,680 --> 00:19:04,080 Speaker 1: which is really interesting because I'm curious about the number 307 00:19:04,080 --> 00:19:07,920 Speaker 1: of people who were unfortunate enough to experience both those wars. Yeah, 308 00:19:07,920 --> 00:19:10,040 Speaker 1: there were probably a lot, not a ton. I mean, 309 00:19:10,119 --> 00:19:12,199 Speaker 1: if you do the math, like, you would have had 310 00:19:12,240 --> 00:19:16,639 Speaker 1: to have been pretty young and then pretty old to 311 00:19:16,840 --> 00:19:21,360 Speaker 1: have fought in both of these. Um. But in nineteen 312 00:19:21,720 --> 00:19:26,480 Speaker 1: uh one he had the task of examining meteorites within 313 00:19:26,520 --> 00:19:29,120 Speaker 1: the Soviet Union. And that's where I got the impression 314 00:19:29,200 --> 00:19:32,000 Speaker 1: that the first sort of a scientific fire was lit 315 00:19:32,119 --> 00:19:37,440 Speaker 1: under his his butt to uh to get into studying meteorites. Yeah, well, no, 316 00:19:37,640 --> 00:19:40,399 Speaker 1: he was already studying meteorites, and he heard some he 317 00:19:40,520 --> 00:19:43,920 Speaker 1: read some of those local press clippings that had had 318 00:19:44,000 --> 00:19:48,240 Speaker 1: been written like ten, ten or twelve years before, and 319 00:19:48,480 --> 00:19:51,399 Speaker 1: that that he kind of put piece together like, oh, 320 00:19:51,480 --> 00:19:54,120 Speaker 1: this sounds a lot like a meteorite impact. My job 321 00:19:54,240 --> 00:19:57,159 Speaker 1: is already to go fine meteorites because they you know, 322 00:19:57,280 --> 00:19:59,040 Speaker 1: when they strike the ground, they have all of this 323 00:19:59,280 --> 00:20:02,080 Speaker 1: rich interroal or with them. So I'm gonna go find 324 00:20:02,160 --> 00:20:05,159 Speaker 1: it and um the government can come mind it, and 325 00:20:05,480 --> 00:20:09,200 Speaker 1: that's my job. So he if if Leonig Kulik had 326 00:20:09,240 --> 00:20:13,119 Speaker 1: not bred some of these accounts and then traveled to 327 00:20:13,280 --> 00:20:18,040 Speaker 1: the area. Um, we would probably not have anywhere near 328 00:20:18,160 --> 00:20:22,680 Speaker 1: the kind of um understanding or awareness of them the 329 00:20:23,560 --> 00:20:29,320 Speaker 1: impact that we have today. Yeah. So was that the 330 00:20:29,320 --> 00:20:32,080 Speaker 1: sinct enough for you? Yes? I think so? Okay, good? So, 331 00:20:32,400 --> 00:20:35,080 Speaker 1: like I was saying, in nineteen twenty one, he was, uh, 332 00:20:35,560 --> 00:20:37,600 Speaker 1: he was given the task of studying meteor rights in 333 00:20:37,640 --> 00:20:41,440 Speaker 1: the Soviet Union, and so by the time seven rolls around, 334 00:20:42,119 --> 00:20:45,679 Speaker 1: he's got a pretty good knowledge bed that he's sleeping 335 00:20:45,720 --> 00:20:49,199 Speaker 1: on every night, right, so he makes his first uh, 336 00:20:49,840 --> 00:20:52,760 Speaker 1: he makes eventually three trips here to try and study things. 337 00:20:53,320 --> 00:20:55,920 Speaker 1: The first one unfortunately he didn't even find the site 338 00:20:56,480 --> 00:20:59,760 Speaker 1: because there was poor mapping going on. Uh. He was 339 00:21:00,000 --> 00:21:04,480 Speaker 1: really sort of um charting new territory, exploring this area, 340 00:21:05,040 --> 00:21:07,080 Speaker 1: and was just getting help from anyone he could. A 341 00:21:07,160 --> 00:21:09,879 Speaker 1: lot of people were scared to go there because of 342 00:21:10,119 --> 00:21:14,800 Speaker 1: you know, they thought it was a judgment from the gods. Yeah. Yeah, 343 00:21:14,920 --> 00:21:17,840 Speaker 1: so it was, Um, it was slow going, so that 344 00:21:18,000 --> 00:21:23,320 Speaker 1: that first expedition in nine was basically to just say, hey, 345 00:21:23,480 --> 00:21:26,200 Speaker 1: I think I know where this actually happened. Like that's 346 00:21:26,200 --> 00:21:29,800 Speaker 1: how rudimentary things were back then. Yeah, he um, he 347 00:21:30,760 --> 00:21:34,040 Speaker 1: I think was so was it the first expedition in seven, 348 00:21:34,080 --> 00:21:35,639 Speaker 1: he didn't make it in Did he also make it 349 00:21:35,720 --> 00:21:39,040 Speaker 1: the same year or was it a different year? Did 350 00:21:39,080 --> 00:21:42,000 Speaker 1: he also make it back there the same year? Yeah? Uh, 351 00:21:42,080 --> 00:21:45,240 Speaker 1: well I saw that he went in twenty seven nine, Okay, 352 00:21:45,359 --> 00:21:48,159 Speaker 1: so what whatever time he made it in there, he 353 00:21:48,240 --> 00:21:50,480 Speaker 1: made it in there at least once there one the 354 00:21:50,560 --> 00:21:54,640 Speaker 1: first time. And he knew like pretty much right off 355 00:21:54,720 --> 00:21:58,000 Speaker 1: the bat that he had had found the site because 356 00:21:58,440 --> 00:22:01,720 Speaker 1: all around there were trees that were laying on their sides, 357 00:22:01,800 --> 00:22:04,640 Speaker 1: but they were all pointing in the same direction, which 358 00:22:04,680 --> 00:22:08,159 Speaker 1: you just don't see very often, Yeah, for sure. And 359 00:22:08,280 --> 00:22:10,600 Speaker 1: then that you know, those at the center of those 360 00:22:10,680 --> 00:22:14,119 Speaker 1: trees standing straight up with with nothing there was another 361 00:22:14,160 --> 00:22:17,040 Speaker 1: pretty good indication. Yea. So the thing the thing about 362 00:22:17,200 --> 00:22:20,359 Speaker 1: Leonid Koolik is is that he um, he was very 363 00:22:20,440 --> 00:22:22,840 Speaker 1: very frustrated. Like again, he was a meteor hunter, like 364 00:22:22,960 --> 00:22:27,160 Speaker 1: this is his his thing. Um. So he fully expected 365 00:22:27,200 --> 00:22:31,480 Speaker 1: to find an impact crater and hopefully the meteorite that 366 00:22:31,720 --> 00:22:34,840 Speaker 1: that had all sorts of iron or whatever or um 367 00:22:35,560 --> 00:22:38,600 Speaker 1: it bore for him to go back and tell everybody about. 368 00:22:39,000 --> 00:22:41,639 Speaker 1: But he couldn't. He could not find this. Um. He 369 00:22:41,760 --> 00:22:44,119 Speaker 1: did find those trees standing upright at the center that 370 00:22:44,240 --> 00:22:48,200 Speaker 1: indicated that the reason they weren't blown over was because 371 00:22:48,280 --> 00:22:51,640 Speaker 1: the force had blown directly down on top of them. 372 00:22:52,040 --> 00:22:54,960 Speaker 1: So he knew he'd found the center, but there was 373 00:22:55,440 --> 00:22:58,600 Speaker 1: no sign of an impact crater. And he suspected that 374 00:22:58,760 --> 00:23:02,960 Speaker 1: there was a swamp in the south just south of 375 00:23:03,080 --> 00:23:06,200 Speaker 1: the um, the place where the trees still stood, that 376 00:23:06,440 --> 00:23:09,920 Speaker 1: was hiding the impact crater and the meteorite itself. And 377 00:23:10,000 --> 00:23:12,240 Speaker 1: I think that's kind of like what he He went 378 00:23:12,280 --> 00:23:14,600 Speaker 1: to his grave believing that he just could never find 379 00:23:14,680 --> 00:23:17,840 Speaker 1: it because the swamp had basically swallowed it up. Yeah, which, 380 00:23:17,920 --> 00:23:20,280 Speaker 1: you know, you can't blame the guy in the in 381 00:23:20,359 --> 00:23:25,119 Speaker 1: the nineteen twenties. It was a pretty decent idea because 382 00:23:25,320 --> 00:23:27,840 Speaker 1: he and again you know he had he had no 383 00:23:28,000 --> 00:23:31,200 Speaker 1: idea that, uh well, should we go ahead and say 384 00:23:31,240 --> 00:23:35,880 Speaker 1: what people think happened? Oh okay, alright, let's do it. Yeah, 385 00:23:36,000 --> 00:23:40,960 Speaker 1: he had no idea that a meteor could explode pre impact, 386 00:23:41,760 --> 00:23:45,840 Speaker 1: which is basically what most people think happened. Now. Yes, Yeah, 387 00:23:45,920 --> 00:23:49,560 Speaker 1: he died in a Nazi sorry, a Nazi prison camp 388 00:23:49,920 --> 00:23:53,080 Speaker 1: in World War Two. Uh so he would not have 389 00:23:53,240 --> 00:23:56,040 Speaker 1: been had the benefit of that knowledge that came later on. 390 00:23:56,160 --> 00:23:58,240 Speaker 1: I think starting in the fifties they started to really 391 00:23:58,280 --> 00:24:01,880 Speaker 1: suspect that. But at the time um when he came 392 00:24:01,960 --> 00:24:05,320 Speaker 1: back and said, this is definitely like, look at these pictures, 393 00:24:06,000 --> 00:24:09,680 Speaker 1: an explosion unlike the kind that we are even remotely 394 00:24:09,760 --> 00:24:12,840 Speaker 1: capable of creating here on Earth. So therefore a natural 395 00:24:12,960 --> 00:24:17,200 Speaker 1: explosion took place here. I have photographic evidence here. I've 396 00:24:17,640 --> 00:24:22,399 Speaker 1: interviewed locals who were there, so firsthand accounts of the experience. 397 00:24:22,760 --> 00:24:26,480 Speaker 1: I've documented all this stuff, and I cannot find the 398 00:24:26,600 --> 00:24:30,040 Speaker 1: meteorite or the impact crater. There's this sum total of 399 00:24:30,080 --> 00:24:32,600 Speaker 1: all the info that I can provide, and some people 400 00:24:32,680 --> 00:24:35,280 Speaker 1: took that and pieced it together to mean that, well, 401 00:24:35,359 --> 00:24:38,239 Speaker 1: maybe it was a comet impact then, because comets are 402 00:24:38,320 --> 00:24:41,359 Speaker 1: largely icy, they're rocky, and they have minerals and stuff 403 00:24:41,400 --> 00:24:43,879 Speaker 1: as well, but they're not like an asteroid or a 404 00:24:44,000 --> 00:24:48,359 Speaker 1: meteoroid where they're they're they're made mostly of rock or metal. 405 00:24:48,520 --> 00:24:51,800 Speaker 1: They're made mostly of ice. So when it does explode, 406 00:24:51,880 --> 00:24:54,840 Speaker 1: it would just kind of evaporate, and it might have 407 00:24:54,960 --> 00:24:57,399 Speaker 1: the same kind of impact, but it would also not 408 00:24:57,600 --> 00:25:00,679 Speaker 1: leave a crater or any real remnants of self behind. 409 00:25:01,040 --> 00:25:03,480 Speaker 1: So for a very long time and among some quarters 410 00:25:04,040 --> 00:25:06,960 Speaker 1: that still explains the Tunguska event that it was a 411 00:25:07,040 --> 00:25:11,440 Speaker 1: common impact rather than a meteor. Yeah, it's like that riddle, Yeah, 412 00:25:11,520 --> 00:25:13,399 Speaker 1: the one where the guys hanging and there's a puddle 413 00:25:13,440 --> 00:25:17,760 Speaker 1: of water. Q. Look, was like, there's a big puddle 414 00:25:17,800 --> 00:25:20,800 Speaker 1: of water here. Actually he thought the swamp swallowed it. 415 00:25:20,880 --> 00:25:25,280 Speaker 1: But uh, you know that didn't explain it. And you look, 416 00:25:25,320 --> 00:25:27,800 Speaker 1: I will say, like, although, like I feel bad for 417 00:25:27,840 --> 00:25:30,520 Speaker 1: the guy that he died. Uh, well, obviously he died 418 00:25:30,560 --> 00:25:32,680 Speaker 1: in prison camp. That's the worst thing, but that he 419 00:25:32,760 --> 00:25:35,040 Speaker 1: died not really getting to the bottom of this, but 420 00:25:35,920 --> 00:25:39,520 Speaker 1: he kind of kept that drumbeat going for people to 421 00:25:39,600 --> 00:25:44,240 Speaker 1: study this, took those great photographs, interviewed locals, and really 422 00:25:44,280 --> 00:25:47,000 Speaker 1: did a lot of the groundwork for other people later 423 00:25:47,119 --> 00:25:51,040 Speaker 1: to build on. Yeah, like if if he hadn't taken 424 00:25:51,440 --> 00:25:55,040 Speaker 1: this expedition on himself and really gone in and like 425 00:25:55,160 --> 00:25:58,719 Speaker 1: piece together the first bits of evidence we had fairly shortly. 426 00:25:58,760 --> 00:26:00,720 Speaker 1: I mean, what like this is ninety seven and the 427 00:26:00,760 --> 00:26:03,400 Speaker 1: thing happened in nineteen o eight, So within twenty years 428 00:26:03,840 --> 00:26:06,119 Speaker 1: he really went and documented it had enough and for 429 00:26:06,280 --> 00:26:09,119 Speaker 1: his work, we um we would probably not have like 430 00:26:09,240 --> 00:26:13,200 Speaker 1: any kind of anything like the understanding that we have today, 431 00:26:13,359 --> 00:26:15,399 Speaker 1: and who knows, it might have been lost to history 432 00:26:15,440 --> 00:26:19,080 Speaker 1: as well too, maybe, although I doubt it, because like 433 00:26:19,359 --> 00:26:22,560 Speaker 1: you can still see evidence of this today, which, uh, 434 00:26:22,720 --> 00:26:26,000 Speaker 1: it's pretty amazing. It is for sure, like the fact 435 00:26:26,080 --> 00:26:28,159 Speaker 1: that that that you can still find trees laying on 436 00:26:28,200 --> 00:26:30,840 Speaker 1: their sides, right or laying yeah, on the ground. Yeah, 437 00:26:30,880 --> 00:26:32,680 Speaker 1: I mean, like the forest is grown up around it, 438 00:26:33,160 --> 00:26:35,280 Speaker 1: but that stuff is still there sometimes, you know, in 439 00:26:35,400 --> 00:26:39,359 Speaker 1: some places. I would love to see that, yeah, of 440 00:26:39,440 --> 00:26:41,359 Speaker 1: course in prison. It's just I would definitely go in 441 00:26:41,400 --> 00:26:44,960 Speaker 1: the summer, but um so for those two weeks between 442 00:26:45,119 --> 00:26:48,280 Speaker 1: late June and mid July before winter sets in and 443 00:26:48,760 --> 00:26:51,760 Speaker 1: late July. And I should also say, yes, I just 444 00:26:51,880 --> 00:26:54,000 Speaker 1: saw it in the way back machine. But you know 445 00:26:54,119 --> 00:26:57,720 Speaker 1: what I mean, Yeah, and this was like, uh, it's 446 00:26:57,720 --> 00:27:00,880 Speaker 1: still not a populated area, so it's not like things 447 00:27:00,960 --> 00:27:03,320 Speaker 1: have built up around it. It's it's still largely the 448 00:27:03,440 --> 00:27:07,560 Speaker 1: same as it was back in. Yeah. There's a little 449 00:27:07,680 --> 00:27:12,480 Speaker 1: little little town called Vona Vara, and at the time 450 00:27:12,520 --> 00:27:15,360 Speaker 1: it was basically a trading post and it's not much 451 00:27:15,400 --> 00:27:18,920 Speaker 1: bigger now. It's really small. They have an airport which 452 00:27:19,000 --> 00:27:22,159 Speaker 1: is basically a strip of concrete that has been cleared, 453 00:27:22,960 --> 00:27:25,840 Speaker 1: and um, you can get in and out of it, 454 00:27:25,960 --> 00:27:28,800 Speaker 1: but it's it's it's not an easy place to get to. 455 00:27:28,920 --> 00:27:33,760 Speaker 1: It requires helicopters, horseback, some people ride reindeer in on 456 00:27:33,920 --> 00:27:36,520 Speaker 1: some of it. A lot of hiking. There's a lot 457 00:27:36,560 --> 00:27:39,680 Speaker 1: of bears, there's a lot of wolves. But the blast site, 458 00:27:39,680 --> 00:27:44,439 Speaker 1: the epicenter, is preserved in a nature preserve in Siberia, 459 00:27:45,040 --> 00:27:47,480 Speaker 1: so you could conceivably go study it, and people do. 460 00:27:47,600 --> 00:27:50,920 Speaker 1: I think the most recent expedition was in two thousand thirteen. 461 00:27:51,520 --> 00:27:53,760 Speaker 1: They're still trying to get to the bottom of it. Yeah, 462 00:27:53,920 --> 00:27:57,000 Speaker 1: and and Q look, I mean he he took every 463 00:27:57,320 --> 00:28:01,440 Speaker 1: available mode of transportation he could to get there over 464 00:28:01,600 --> 00:28:03,520 Speaker 1: I mean it took him days and days and days 465 00:28:03,560 --> 00:28:06,080 Speaker 1: over these expeditions to reach it. And he was he 466 00:28:06,200 --> 00:28:09,640 Speaker 1: was a brave dude and like very determined. So um 467 00:28:10,040 --> 00:28:13,159 Speaker 1: Culic found a couple of other things. He found that 468 00:28:13,560 --> 00:28:18,719 Speaker 1: the ground around the epicenter was actually um scrunched up 469 00:28:18,920 --> 00:28:22,639 Speaker 1: like a rug from the blast, which must have been 470 00:28:22,640 --> 00:28:25,399 Speaker 1: astounding to see on like a massive scale. But he 471 00:28:25,520 --> 00:28:29,920 Speaker 1: also saw that there were holes, really like strange circular 472 00:28:30,000 --> 00:28:34,080 Speaker 1: holes that were just a few yards deep, but up 473 00:28:34,119 --> 00:28:37,399 Speaker 1: to fifty or a hundred feet in diameter, and he 474 00:28:37,560 --> 00:28:39,840 Speaker 1: had no idea what he was looking at. He knew 475 00:28:39,880 --> 00:28:41,760 Speaker 1: that it must have something to do with the explosion, 476 00:28:41,880 --> 00:28:45,320 Speaker 1: but it's just peculiar. He hadn't seen those before. There 477 00:28:45,400 --> 00:28:48,160 Speaker 1: was nothing in the literature to explain what he was 478 00:28:48,240 --> 00:28:50,960 Speaker 1: looking at, and so some of the stuff that he 479 00:28:51,080 --> 00:28:54,520 Speaker 1: documented it was great documentation and he was a very 480 00:28:54,600 --> 00:28:58,000 Speaker 1: brave person for going and undertaking this this expedition. But 481 00:28:58,120 --> 00:29:03,360 Speaker 1: he also laid the groundwork for basically, um, everybody with 482 00:29:03,520 --> 00:29:06,280 Speaker 1: a theory to come along and suggest that their theory 483 00:29:06,440 --> 00:29:09,280 Speaker 1: was what explains the Tunguska event. And like you kind 484 00:29:09,280 --> 00:29:11,640 Speaker 1: of referred to earlier, some of them are kind of 485 00:29:11,720 --> 00:29:13,880 Speaker 1: out there. So let's take a little bit of break 486 00:29:14,000 --> 00:29:17,240 Speaker 1: and we're gonna come back and get into some explanations 487 00:29:17,320 --> 00:29:45,200 Speaker 1: for the Tunguska event, including the real one. All right, Charles, 488 00:29:46,720 --> 00:29:50,120 Speaker 1: you've heard of this before, right, So, like, did you 489 00:29:50,200 --> 00:29:51,680 Speaker 1: grow up with this was just one of the things 490 00:29:51,720 --> 00:29:53,960 Speaker 1: you're just aware of as a kid. No, it's you know, 491 00:29:54,280 --> 00:29:57,000 Speaker 1: something that became aware of with the Internet. I think 492 00:29:57,080 --> 00:30:00,680 Speaker 1: I heard about it from my time life Unsolved Streets books, 493 00:30:01,640 --> 00:30:05,520 Speaker 1: which just God bless those things. Those the the set 494 00:30:05,600 --> 00:30:10,080 Speaker 1: of those books, Um, the Uncle John's Bathroom Readers and 495 00:30:10,640 --> 00:30:14,720 Speaker 1: David Letterman Top ten Lists from the nineties book. Um, 496 00:30:15,600 --> 00:30:18,160 Speaker 1: probably are the three things that shaped my brain more 497 00:30:18,240 --> 00:30:22,640 Speaker 1: than anything else. Yeah. Yeah, it says a lot Mad 498 00:30:22,760 --> 00:30:25,640 Speaker 1: Magazine to you. Oh yeah, I can't forget Mad. Sorry, 499 00:30:25,720 --> 00:30:28,680 Speaker 1: thank you for for for saving me on that. Yeah. 500 00:30:29,240 --> 00:30:33,080 Speaker 1: Uh So here's some of the theories that have kind 501 00:30:33,120 --> 00:30:36,320 Speaker 1: of come and gone over the years. Uh. As we 502 00:30:36,560 --> 00:30:39,360 Speaker 1: said that Q looks was that it was this meteor 503 00:30:39,520 --> 00:30:43,080 Speaker 1: was swallowed up by the swamp south of the impact zone. 504 00:30:44,280 --> 00:30:49,520 Speaker 1: Other people suggested that it was like Chico in Italy 505 00:30:50,200 --> 00:30:53,480 Speaker 1: and that they were just off by their their mapping 506 00:30:53,560 --> 00:30:56,800 Speaker 1: skills were poor, and so this was the actual impact 507 00:30:57,000 --> 00:31:01,000 Speaker 1: creator and is now a lake. But now we think 508 00:31:01,080 --> 00:31:03,240 Speaker 1: that they just didn't draw maps well back then because 509 00:31:03,280 --> 00:31:05,920 Speaker 1: that wasn't on previous maps, and everyone's like, but now 510 00:31:06,000 --> 00:31:08,200 Speaker 1: it's here, so that's what it is, right right? Yeah? 511 00:31:08,360 --> 00:31:10,400 Speaker 1: But there, Yeah, like you're saying, I think is it 512 00:31:10,520 --> 00:31:12,400 Speaker 1: was just so remote and people weren't drawing maps of 513 00:31:12,480 --> 00:31:15,000 Speaker 1: it that it just hadn't been bothered to be put 514 00:31:15,080 --> 00:31:19,040 Speaker 1: on exactly, which I totally believe. Um, I think the comment, 515 00:31:19,320 --> 00:31:21,400 Speaker 1: I mean are there people that still believe it was 516 00:31:21,440 --> 00:31:26,560 Speaker 1: a comment? Yeah, Um, well, let me explain why there. 517 00:31:26,720 --> 00:31:30,720 Speaker 1: There have been surveys of the site that UM are 518 00:31:30,800 --> 00:31:34,000 Speaker 1: looking for traces of things that would be telltale signs 519 00:31:34,080 --> 00:31:38,280 Speaker 1: that it was definitely a meteor um. Like, there are 520 00:31:38,480 --> 00:31:43,080 Speaker 1: different kinds of meteors, but most meteors are either really 521 00:31:43,200 --> 00:31:46,360 Speaker 1: stony rocky that it's basically like a chunk of earth, 522 00:31:47,360 --> 00:31:51,200 Speaker 1: or it's like super metallic it's basically like a big 523 00:31:51,320 --> 00:31:54,160 Speaker 1: ball of metal or whatever. And there's like different It's 524 00:31:54,200 --> 00:31:56,760 Speaker 1: a spectrum, right, there's like you can fall anywhere in 525 00:31:56,840 --> 00:32:01,680 Speaker 1: between those totally rocky and totally metallic um. But the 526 00:32:02,320 --> 00:32:05,480 Speaker 1: the stuff aboard are going to be basically the same things. 527 00:32:05,560 --> 00:32:08,600 Speaker 1: It's just the company the concentration of them. But one 528 00:32:08,640 --> 00:32:12,040 Speaker 1: thing that you would find on like a meteorite is 529 00:32:12,760 --> 00:32:15,840 Speaker 1: something like a ridium or osmium. There are things you 530 00:32:15,880 --> 00:32:17,360 Speaker 1: would find in Earth, but you have to go to 531 00:32:17,400 --> 00:32:19,640 Speaker 1: the center of the Earth to find them. Uh, they're 532 00:32:19,680 --> 00:32:21,440 Speaker 1: not on the surface. So if you find those things 533 00:32:21,520 --> 00:32:24,480 Speaker 1: on the surface of Earth, it's strongly suggests that a 534 00:32:24,680 --> 00:32:31,200 Speaker 1: meteorite impacted Earth. Well, they've found not not much osmium 535 00:32:31,360 --> 00:32:34,920 Speaker 1: or a ridium around the Tunguskas site. So they think 536 00:32:35,360 --> 00:32:39,520 Speaker 1: that actually is kind of a thing that it suggests 537 00:32:39,560 --> 00:32:42,000 Speaker 1: that maybe actually it was a comet, because a comet 538 00:32:42,040 --> 00:32:44,680 Speaker 1: would have those things, but just not in high concentration, 539 00:32:44,720 --> 00:32:46,880 Speaker 1: because it would mostly be a big ball of ice. 540 00:32:48,400 --> 00:32:50,440 Speaker 1: So that's kind of kept the comet thing alive. Is 541 00:32:50,480 --> 00:32:53,000 Speaker 1: recently is just the last few years. Yeah, Well, they 542 00:32:53,040 --> 00:32:55,760 Speaker 1: did surveys in the fifties and they did find uh, 543 00:32:56,960 --> 00:32:59,400 Speaker 1: space dust is probably the best way to say it. 544 00:32:59,640 --> 00:33:03,840 Speaker 1: They did. It's true. Yeah, so, uh they found you 545 00:33:03,920 --> 00:33:08,320 Speaker 1: know what was extraterrestrial rock dust. Uh, they found it 546 00:33:08,440 --> 00:33:11,160 Speaker 1: in the area, They found it in the soil. Uh. 547 00:33:11,280 --> 00:33:14,320 Speaker 1: And again it does match the date of the event um. 548 00:33:15,040 --> 00:33:19,040 Speaker 1: So that to me means that the leading theory is 549 00:33:19,080 --> 00:33:23,000 Speaker 1: probably correct, which is that a meteor exploded about three 550 00:33:23,080 --> 00:33:27,800 Speaker 1: miles above land um, which basically just blew it to 551 00:33:27,920 --> 00:33:31,360 Speaker 1: dust and that's why there aren't huge, huge chunks of 552 00:33:31,440 --> 00:33:36,080 Speaker 1: rock laying everywhere. Yeah. So that's that's the predominant theory 553 00:33:36,320 --> 00:33:39,000 Speaker 1: right now, is that it was a meteor um that 554 00:33:39,440 --> 00:33:42,840 Speaker 1: blew up, like you said, I think something like half 555 00:33:42,880 --> 00:33:45,760 Speaker 1: a dozen miles over over the surface of the Earth 556 00:33:45,880 --> 00:33:48,920 Speaker 1: in the atmosphere, and it blew up so with such 557 00:33:49,160 --> 00:33:53,120 Speaker 1: force that not only did it, you know, cause the 558 00:33:53,240 --> 00:33:55,880 Speaker 1: ground to to buckle and bend and turn into like 559 00:33:55,960 --> 00:33:59,680 Speaker 1: a rug and blow eighty million trees down over a 560 00:33:59,720 --> 00:34:02,719 Speaker 1: couple a hundred square miles, it also just blew itself 561 00:34:03,120 --> 00:34:06,200 Speaker 1: and every any evidence of itself just into smith reeds, 562 00:34:06,240 --> 00:34:09,200 Speaker 1: into dust, and so that dust layer is the only 563 00:34:09,600 --> 00:34:13,759 Speaker 1: remnants of it left. Um. But the problem is that 564 00:34:13,840 --> 00:34:16,799 Speaker 1: they didn't know how that could happen. Like that's if 565 00:34:16,880 --> 00:34:19,800 Speaker 1: you put all the evidence together, that's the picture it painted. 566 00:34:20,080 --> 00:34:23,080 Speaker 1: But at the time, and until very recently, science was like, 567 00:34:23,239 --> 00:34:25,800 Speaker 1: we don't know how something like that would happen. It 568 00:34:25,880 --> 00:34:27,840 Speaker 1: seems like that is what happened, but how would that 569 00:34:27,960 --> 00:34:31,879 Speaker 1: even happen? Yeah, and it explains the fireball in the sky, 570 00:34:32,040 --> 00:34:34,640 Speaker 1: because that's what you would expect to see when a 571 00:34:34,719 --> 00:34:37,920 Speaker 1: meteor is is trucking towards the earth. Uh. This thing 572 00:34:38,000 --> 00:34:40,920 Speaker 1: was about a hundred and twenty feet or larger in diameter, 573 00:34:41,320 --> 00:34:44,680 Speaker 1: was going about thirty three thousand miles an hour. Uh, 574 00:34:44,840 --> 00:34:49,799 Speaker 1: and it was hot, like super super hot because of friction. Right. 575 00:34:50,040 --> 00:34:52,520 Speaker 1: So the thing this this huge rock, and they got 576 00:34:52,600 --> 00:34:56,640 Speaker 1: all those numbers just basically reverse engineering the force of 577 00:34:56,680 --> 00:35:00,239 Speaker 1: the explosion. Right, So that rock that's traveling so fast, 578 00:35:00,280 --> 00:35:02,040 Speaker 1: what did you say, like thirty four thousand miles an 579 00:35:02,080 --> 00:35:04,320 Speaker 1: hour or something like that. That's at thirty three but 580 00:35:04,440 --> 00:35:06,600 Speaker 1: give or take a thousand miles, all right, who cares? 581 00:35:06,640 --> 00:35:09,480 Speaker 1: At that point? Right when it hits the atmosphere, it's 582 00:35:09,520 --> 00:35:12,960 Speaker 1: suddenly met with that friction and gravity and drag and everything, 583 00:35:13,360 --> 00:35:15,360 Speaker 1: and that these forces acting on it all of a 584 00:35:15,400 --> 00:35:19,040 Speaker 1: sudden just destabilize it. And that the the pressure that's 585 00:35:19,080 --> 00:35:21,600 Speaker 1: building up at the front of this huge rock is 586 00:35:21,760 --> 00:35:25,279 Speaker 1: different by so much to the pressure behind it that 587 00:35:25,400 --> 00:35:30,240 Speaker 1: the differential just destabilizes this rock. And because it's traveling 588 00:35:30,320 --> 00:35:32,200 Speaker 1: so fast and has so much energy and there's so 589 00:35:32,320 --> 00:35:35,319 Speaker 1: much heat associated with it, it doesn't just break up. 590 00:35:35,520 --> 00:35:39,239 Speaker 1: It blows up. Yeah. What I'm surprised about it is 591 00:35:39,320 --> 00:35:42,320 Speaker 1: that this hasn't happened more, and it must just be 592 00:35:42,480 --> 00:35:48,839 Speaker 1: a very specific combination of size and speed and heat. 593 00:35:50,400 --> 00:35:54,920 Speaker 1: But I'm surprised that that doesn't happen more. That combination. Well, 594 00:35:55,000 --> 00:35:58,320 Speaker 1: some people are worried that it could happen more like 595 00:35:58,719 --> 00:36:02,000 Speaker 1: one of the predictions I saw as that Tungusca like 596 00:36:02,160 --> 00:36:05,040 Speaker 1: event we could expect it to happen over Earth maybe 597 00:36:05,120 --> 00:36:07,719 Speaker 1: once every hundred to three hundred years. Yeah, but we 598 00:36:07,800 --> 00:36:11,120 Speaker 1: haven't seen that. That hasn't played out right. No, But um, 599 00:36:11,280 --> 00:36:14,319 Speaker 1: some somebody who wrote an article I read pointed out 600 00:36:14,360 --> 00:36:18,160 Speaker 1: like the like, there's not some some schedule that that 601 00:36:18,960 --> 00:36:22,600 Speaker 1: that rocks follow when they're coming into Earth's atmosphere. This 602 00:36:22,800 --> 00:36:25,560 Speaker 1: is not how things work. So, um, we hope it's 603 00:36:25,600 --> 00:36:28,480 Speaker 1: like that, but it's it's probably much less predictable than that. 604 00:36:28,960 --> 00:36:32,840 Speaker 1: And we actually did a survey called UM Projects Space 605 00:36:32,920 --> 00:36:36,200 Speaker 1: Guard I think, where we surveyed all of the near 606 00:36:36,320 --> 00:36:39,480 Speaker 1: Earth rocks, the big ones, and we found that none 607 00:36:39,480 --> 00:36:41,239 Speaker 1: of the big ones are probably going to come near 608 00:36:41,320 --> 00:36:44,200 Speaker 1: us anytime soon. But we found also that we had 609 00:36:44,280 --> 00:36:48,200 Speaker 1: trouble seeing the small ones, and the small ones could 610 00:36:48,239 --> 00:36:51,400 Speaker 1: still create like a Tunguska event, which I mean, like 611 00:36:51,560 --> 00:36:55,560 Speaker 1: you said, it happened over a pretty depopulated area and 612 00:36:55,640 --> 00:36:59,320 Speaker 1: it's still affected humans. If it happened over a like 613 00:36:59,400 --> 00:37:02,439 Speaker 1: a city, a major city, it would be just lights 614 00:37:02,480 --> 00:37:05,640 Speaker 1: out for that that entire city. So the chances are 615 00:37:05,680 --> 00:37:08,840 Speaker 1: pretty low that it would happen over a populated area 616 00:37:08,960 --> 00:37:11,560 Speaker 1: just by you know, virtue of the fact that we 617 00:37:12,239 --> 00:37:16,520 Speaker 1: tend to populate in in dense clusters while leaving also 618 00:37:16,680 --> 00:37:21,200 Speaker 1: huge portions of the Earth, especially the oceans, unpopulated. Where 619 00:37:22,160 --> 00:37:25,640 Speaker 1: but if it did happen over over a populated area, 620 00:37:25,719 --> 00:37:27,880 Speaker 1: it would be really really bad. Yeah. I mean they 621 00:37:27,960 --> 00:37:31,960 Speaker 1: make movies about, like fictional movies about that stuff, right exactly. 622 00:37:33,360 --> 00:37:37,359 Speaker 1: So hopefully it doesn't happen, but it could, is the point. Yes, 623 00:37:37,719 --> 00:37:41,880 Speaker 1: And I always wonder, like, man, I'm surprised that it 624 00:37:42,000 --> 00:37:44,840 Speaker 1: hasn't happened over like a big city, But like you 625 00:37:44,920 --> 00:37:48,600 Speaker 1: said that, it's we always think like others just people everywhere, 626 00:37:48,680 --> 00:37:53,080 Speaker 1: but that's that's not the case. Uh, well, like how 627 00:37:53,320 --> 00:37:56,080 Speaker 1: our settlements are. Yeah, like when you think about how 628 00:37:56,200 --> 00:37:59,399 Speaker 1: large the Earth is compared to where the people are, 629 00:38:00,200 --> 00:38:05,560 Speaker 1: it's we're we're we're we're not everywhere. Water is everywhere, right, 630 00:38:06,320 --> 00:38:10,000 Speaker 1: that's true. So there there. I think in two thousand thirteen, Chuck, 631 00:38:10,080 --> 00:38:15,520 Speaker 1: there was the Cheliabinsk meteor. Do you remember that over Russia? 632 00:38:16,000 --> 00:38:18,640 Speaker 1: M M. I don't remember that. There was a like 633 00:38:18,920 --> 00:38:22,280 Speaker 1: it was very well documented because everybody has a video 634 00:38:22,400 --> 00:38:26,200 Speaker 1: tape camera on their cell phone these days, and um, 635 00:38:27,080 --> 00:38:29,480 Speaker 1: there was a meteor that that basically did the same 636 00:38:29,560 --> 00:38:32,800 Speaker 1: thing into Tunguska, except it was far, far smaller. It 637 00:38:32,920 --> 00:38:35,839 Speaker 1: was something like, um, two thousand times more powerful than 638 00:38:36,000 --> 00:38:41,400 Speaker 1: than Hiroshima. Now that doesn't sound right, thirty times more powerful. 639 00:38:41,440 --> 00:38:44,399 Speaker 1: I'm sorry. Well, Tunguska was up to two thousand times 640 00:38:44,440 --> 00:38:47,840 Speaker 1: more powerful. But it like blew the windows out of places, 641 00:38:47,920 --> 00:38:51,080 Speaker 1: that knocked people down, and it really caught people's attention, 642 00:38:51,200 --> 00:38:53,800 Speaker 1: saying like, hey, everybody, this is a real thing that 643 00:38:54,320 --> 00:38:57,479 Speaker 1: that that like this can happen, and if a huge 644 00:38:57,560 --> 00:39:00,120 Speaker 1: one happens over a population center, then we will be 645 00:39:00,200 --> 00:39:02,000 Speaker 1: in trouble. So I think it kind of caught the 646 00:39:02,040 --> 00:39:05,160 Speaker 1: attention of the scientific community that like, this is something 647 00:39:05,200 --> 00:39:08,839 Speaker 1: we need to keep an eye on. Literally, Yeah for sure, Yeah, 648 00:39:09,560 --> 00:39:16,319 Speaker 1: hopefully we will. I'm glad it's not up to me. Ah, 649 00:39:16,440 --> 00:39:19,040 Speaker 1: you got anything else? I got nothing else? All right, Well, 650 00:39:19,120 --> 00:39:21,800 Speaker 1: if you want to know more about the Tunguska event, 651 00:39:22,320 --> 00:39:24,680 Speaker 1: type that word in the search bar of your favorite 652 00:39:24,719 --> 00:39:26,560 Speaker 1: search engine and it will bring up all sorts of 653 00:39:26,640 --> 00:39:28,680 Speaker 1: interesting stuff. And since I said that, it's time for 654 00:39:28,719 --> 00:39:33,560 Speaker 1: a listener mail, I'm gonna call this letter from a teacher. 655 00:39:33,640 --> 00:39:36,560 Speaker 1: We love these. Hey guys, am writing to thank you 656 00:39:36,680 --> 00:39:40,440 Speaker 1: for helping you teach my ap psychology course. I have 657 00:39:40,480 --> 00:39:44,359 Speaker 1: a degree in history and had taught just United States 658 00:39:44,440 --> 00:39:48,080 Speaker 1: history and world history up until last year, but I 659 00:39:48,120 --> 00:39:50,440 Speaker 1: wanted to thank you guys for helping me teach my 660 00:39:50,520 --> 00:39:52,960 Speaker 1: own class. Needless to say, I have a lot of 661 00:39:53,120 --> 00:39:56,080 Speaker 1: self teaching to do in order to prepare, and years 662 00:39:56,120 --> 00:39:57,840 Speaker 1: of listening to stuff you should know has prepared me 663 00:39:58,560 --> 00:40:00,480 Speaker 1: in a way that I was not expecting. As I 664 00:40:00,520 --> 00:40:03,719 Speaker 1: taught the class, I found myself referencing knowledge I picked 665 00:40:03,760 --> 00:40:06,680 Speaker 1: up from you guys, including how to train a pigeon, 666 00:40:07,520 --> 00:40:12,719 Speaker 1: Stockholm syndrome, Oh mommy interesting, and the effects of bath 667 00:40:12,840 --> 00:40:15,399 Speaker 1: salts on the brain. It also seemed to me, uh, 668 00:40:15,800 --> 00:40:18,000 Speaker 1: it also seemed at least once a class, I would 669 00:40:18,080 --> 00:40:21,080 Speaker 1: utter the words I listened to this podcast once and 670 00:40:21,120 --> 00:40:23,640 Speaker 1: then dive into something like feral children and how that 671 00:40:23,760 --> 00:40:27,440 Speaker 1: gives insight into development, or how a social panic works. 672 00:40:28,080 --> 00:40:31,200 Speaker 1: Even got a few students to listen, just a few 673 00:40:31,560 --> 00:40:34,480 Speaker 1: nice Thank you for that. All that's to say, thank 674 00:40:34,520 --> 00:40:35,960 Speaker 1: you so much for what you guys do. You've given 675 00:40:36,000 --> 00:40:38,840 Speaker 1: me confidence in the classroom and a constant stream of 676 00:40:39,040 --> 00:40:43,120 Speaker 1: entertainment that isn't mind numbing, and that is from Michael 677 00:40:43,200 --> 00:40:47,160 Speaker 1: Jacobs from Fayetteville, Arkansas, and he came and saw us 678 00:40:47,320 --> 00:40:50,840 Speaker 1: in St. Louis in May, which is where he's from. Cool, 679 00:40:51,160 --> 00:40:53,480 Speaker 1: and he said, Josh, you actually ran into my sister 680 00:40:53,960 --> 00:40:57,439 Speaker 1: on the street right before the show. I ran into 681 00:40:57,520 --> 00:40:59,680 Speaker 1: a few people at St. Louis like more than usual, 682 00:40:59,719 --> 00:41:03,640 Speaker 1: and everybody was super friendly. Well, this was Samantha, So 683 00:41:03,719 --> 00:41:06,640 Speaker 1: we're giving her a shout out. Hey, Samantha, So Samantha 684 00:41:06,719 --> 00:41:10,759 Speaker 1: Michael Michael's sister. Thank all you guys and ladies for 685 00:41:10,840 --> 00:41:13,239 Speaker 1: the sport. Yeah, thank you everybody who came out to 686 00:41:13,320 --> 00:41:15,560 Speaker 1: that show. And actually all of our shows, you guys 687 00:41:15,600 --> 00:41:19,759 Speaker 1: are really we appreciate all of you for it. Um. 688 00:41:20,160 --> 00:41:21,920 Speaker 1: Actually you can come out to our other shows. We've 689 00:41:21,920 --> 00:41:23,600 Speaker 1: got some coming up. You can go to s Y 690 00:41:23,760 --> 00:41:25,759 Speaker 1: s K Live dot com to find out where to 691 00:41:25,840 --> 00:41:30,560 Speaker 1: see us all over the map in January. Yeah. Uh. 692 00:41:30,680 --> 00:41:32,000 Speaker 1: And if you want to get in touch with this, 693 00:41:32,160 --> 00:41:34,360 Speaker 1: follow us on social Just go to stuff you Should 694 00:41:34,360 --> 00:41:36,279 Speaker 1: Know dot com and you can find all the links 695 00:41:36,360 --> 00:41:38,800 Speaker 1: there and you can send us an email to Stuff 696 00:41:38,840 --> 00:41:46,239 Speaker 1: Podcast at how stuff works dot com for more on 697 00:41:46,360 --> 00:41:48,799 Speaker 1: this and thousands of other topics. Is it how stuff 698 00:41:48,840 --> 00:41:49,480 Speaker 1: works dot com