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Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve Camray.

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Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to stump Mom never told

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Speaker 1: you from house top works dot Com. Hey, and welcome

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Speaker 1: to the podcast. This is Molly and I'm Kristen Christens

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Speaker 1: a little bit a little bit ill today, so if

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Speaker 1: her voice gets a little bit scratchy, you'll know why. Yes,

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Speaker 1: and Kristen and I'm they're sick. But I've got something

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Speaker 1: that personal question for you. All right, do you enjoy banting?

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Speaker 1: It's not a dirty question? Next year? No, I know,

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Speaker 1: I know what you're talking about, and I gotta say no,

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Speaker 1: I like food too much. Yes, banting does have to

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Speaker 1: do with food. Despite being sick, you've read the articles

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Speaker 1: we're going to discuss today. Good job. Let's talk about

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Speaker 1: William Banting uh Man. Maybe a few people have heard

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Speaker 1: of today, but he is. He was the household name

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Speaker 1: busy in the mid nineteenth century. Banting had a great story.

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Speaker 1: He was a coffin maker, a very very portly fellow,

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Speaker 1: quite large. He could not tie his shoes, and to

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Speaker 1: issues he can couldn't even reach him over his portly

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Speaker 1: billy and Banting decided that he wanted to drop some pounds.

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Speaker 1: They tried everything, yeah, but finally he found one guy

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Speaker 1: who was like, why don't you cut out your saccharine matter? Yeah,

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Speaker 1: which they basically met carves, bread, butter, milk, sugar, beer,

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Speaker 1: and potatoes. So Banting went on a very primitive form

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Speaker 1: of the Atkins diet, I guess, and he dropped a

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Speaker 1: hundred and fifty six pounds. The part of his day amazing,

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Speaker 1: and we are not the only people who thought it

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Speaker 1: was amazing. He was pretty impressed with himself too, since

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Speaker 1: he tried everything else. And he wrote a book about

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Speaker 1: a little pamphlet um called The Letter on Corpulence, addressed

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Speaker 1: to the public. They just don't title dieting books the

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Speaker 1: way they used to, but um. Because it was such

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Speaker 1: a you know, bestseller, people wanted to drop their portly

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Speaker 1: bellies to um. Banting became the household word for dieting,

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Speaker 1: according to an article we found on Salon dot com.

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Speaker 1: And there were all sorts of fad diets in Banting's day.

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Speaker 1: There was the Graham diet, invented by Sylvesta Graham, who

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Speaker 1: invented then Graham Cracker, and this one was my favorite.

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Speaker 1: Horace Fletchers Fletcherism who was known as the Great Masticator

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Speaker 1: because he had a theory that all food and even

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Speaker 1: milk should be chewed at least thirty two times. I

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Speaker 1: really wished the article had explained how you chew milk?

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Speaker 1: Do you have any idea how you do that? Maybe

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Speaker 1: you swish more than chew, all right, I mean I

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Speaker 1: don't think that can be good for your teeth. I

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Speaker 1: don't know, but that's beside the point. Everyone else in

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Speaker 1: the day loved it, people like Upton Sinclair, Henry James,

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Speaker 1: John d Rockefella. They all went to these Fletcher clubs

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Speaker 1: where you just sit around a chew food. Yeah, very

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Speaker 1: very slowly, just chew. And we think this sounds hilarious.

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Speaker 1: But you've got to wonder, um, people, a hundred years

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Speaker 1: from now, we'll be looking back at us and saying, wow,

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Speaker 1: all they did was eating meat and eggs. How did

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Speaker 1: they think that that was gonna work. Cabbage diets, grapefruit diets,

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Speaker 1: South beach diets, liquid diets. There are all sorts of

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Speaker 1: fat diets going on. And we want to talk about diets.

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Speaker 1: You know, we've talked in the past about colon cleansing,

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Speaker 1: We've talked about UM, B, M I and weight control,

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Speaker 1: so naturally the next thing to come to is whether

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Speaker 1: what you put in your belly or lack thereof, if

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Speaker 1: that makes any difference. What does dieting deciding work? And

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Speaker 1: then another question I have about this Christian, Yes, is

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Speaker 1: there a link between dieting and aging? Well? Well, I

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Speaker 1: think the reason why you asked this question is because

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Speaker 1: of an article that you wrote for elso forks dot

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Speaker 1: com on calorie restriction and anti aging, because there have

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Speaker 1: been this series of studies that have shown that reducing

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Speaker 1: your calorie intake by around thirty can possibly lead to

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Speaker 1: longer lifespan. Yeah, and we're not talking all restriction in

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Speaker 1: terms of you're gonna cut out the chocolate cake or

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Speaker 1: the cupcakes or the cookies. I mean you were going

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Speaker 1: to go down to calories a day and um, but

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Speaker 1: still maintaining all your necessary nutrients. And this is again

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Speaker 1: just not like a railer calorie restricted diets. It's draconian.

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Speaker 1: It's like we're gonna eat carrots and salmon and that's it.

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Speaker 1: Should I go over a sample of a calorie restricted diet?

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Speaker 1: Jenny Menu Cournesis of the New York times in two

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Speaker 1: thousand three. For breakfast, you might have a mega muffin,

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Speaker 1: which is uh thirty ingredients including raw wheat, germ, rice brand,

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Speaker 1: Brewer's East, carrots, strawberries, and silium husk ingredient metam. Yes,

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Speaker 1: so that's going to really get things going in the morning,

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Speaker 1: this mega muffin. Then for lunch, you might have a

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Speaker 1: protein bar or a roast beef sandwich. Hold the bread,

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Speaker 1: But doesn't that just sound like roast beef? Yes? Okay,

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Speaker 1: maybe they should just call it a just roast beef.

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Speaker 1: I think if you're on this diet you might start

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Speaker 1: to have hallucination because you're so calorie deprived that you

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Speaker 1: might just called a roast beef sandwich. And then for dinner,

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Speaker 1: we're gonna cat things off with some broccoli, zucchini, and

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Speaker 1: canned pink salmon for a total of three hundred calories,

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Speaker 1: followed by a decadent dessert of fruit salad tough with

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Speaker 1: way protein. Now, why would you? I mean, I'm all

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Speaker 1: for eating healthy, but that it just doesn't do it

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Speaker 1: for me. It seems like life's too sure to do,

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Speaker 1: you know, just eat three hundred calories and canned salmon

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Speaker 1: every day. And mega muffins. Well, and especially because when

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Speaker 1: I was researching this article, you read the articles about

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Speaker 1: this phenomenon, and I mean, these people have to invest

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Speaker 1: in scales and notebooks and they weigh their food, and

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Speaker 1: it's it's like a full time job. If I'm hungry,

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Speaker 1: I'm more likely just to you know, open a bag

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Speaker 1: of pretzels than to actually want to cook something. So

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Speaker 1: if I'm really hungry, I'm not gonna want to sit

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Speaker 1: in weigh my salmon on a scale. But you know what, Molly, um,

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Speaker 1: you might be cutting your life shorter than necessary by

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Speaker 1: opening that bag of pretzels. That's true, and for so

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Speaker 1: many reasons. But the main thing is, all these studies

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Speaker 1: that we're talking about, they've been studying calor restriction in

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Speaker 1: mainly flies and mice because they've got pretty short livespans.

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Speaker 1: It's easily too, it's easy to track them. Starting in

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Speaker 1: nive when a nutritionist at Cornell found that if you

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Speaker 1: eat fewer calories, you'll have at increase in lifespan. Wow,

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Speaker 1: so that would make a human live to the age

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Speaker 1: of a D sixty. Now, I mean, that's a pretty

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Speaker 1: decent trade off eat a lifetime of mega muffins and

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Speaker 1: then be hundred sixty right. Yeah, that's that's six ext

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Speaker 1: years of mega muffins. That's what you've got. Away but

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Speaker 1: um away, Sorry, Chris, and I just abused myself sometimes

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Speaker 1: that wasn't purposeful. Um But anyway, there are no studies

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Speaker 1: of how calory restriction works in humans because unlike mice

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Speaker 1: and fruit flies, we already have fairly long lifespans. Yeah, uh,

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Speaker 1: but we do have some observational material from Okinawa, Japan.

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Speaker 1: Um it's kind of a little depressing this, uh, this research,

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Speaker 1: but basically, after World War one and two, when food

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Speaker 1: was in short supply, there were fewer people in um On,

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Speaker 1: Okinawa who were dying from age la diseases such as

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Speaker 1: cornery artery disease, type DOW, diabetes, and cancer. So basically

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Speaker 1: they were won in a forced calorie restriction diet. And

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Speaker 1: in general, um Japan also has a very long lived population,

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Speaker 1: much longer than folks here in the US. So you know,

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Speaker 1: that's that's maybe one one human study. Well, they sort

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Speaker 1: of think that maybe if you force yourself into survival

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Speaker 1: mode the way these people might have been in survival

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Speaker 1: mode after a war where there was no food, then

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Speaker 1: somehow evolutionary wise, your body kick starts itself and says,

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Speaker 1: we've got to live through the starvation. So that's sort

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Speaker 1: of the point of color restriction is almost fooling your

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Speaker 1: body into thinking, hey, there's no food, but to ensure

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Speaker 1: that we've got you know, offspring, we should we should

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Speaker 1: continue to live. But I think we got to point

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Speaker 1: out to though, that these calor restriction studies are not

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Speaker 1: the same across the board, for for these animals. Going

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Speaker 1: back to the animals, because it doesn't work for everybody.

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Speaker 1: For instance, it extends the life in fruit flies, but

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Speaker 1: not house flies. It's gonna benefit fat mice, but not

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Speaker 1: already lean mice. And also it's gonna make lab rats

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Speaker 1: live longer, but not those found in the wild. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: I mean, there's a lot of unknowns, and there's you know,

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Speaker 1: while living longer to some extent would be a nice

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Speaker 1: side effect, there are some other side effects of this

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Speaker 1: um that include loss of libido, cessation of menstrual periods,

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Speaker 1: loss of memory and muscle mass, and dizziness. So that's fun. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: And maybe I mean, like going back to this stuff

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Speaker 1: in Japan, maybe they're it's not just that they're on

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Speaker 1: a calorie restricted diet, but the quality of the food

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Speaker 1: they're eating is a lot better. It's a healthier balance,

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Speaker 1: and maybe they're you know, living healthier lifestyles in general,

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Speaker 1: getting a bit more exercise and all of that. And

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Speaker 1: I think that's the model for all healthy lifestyles. Christian

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Speaker 1: you know, you eat less, you move more, and that's

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Speaker 1: how you kind of make a lifestyle change sustainable. These

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Speaker 1: people who are adopting this color instruction dieter are sort

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Speaker 1: of taking it to the extreme and not necessarily a

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Speaker 1: healthy extreme. Sure, cutting I think we could say that

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Speaker 1: cutting thirty of your daily calorie intake is is an

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Speaker 1: extreme form of dieting. And speaking of extreme dieting, one

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Speaker 1: side effect that we might not think about is how

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Speaker 1: that kind of rapid weight loss might affect your physical appearance,

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Speaker 1: and not for the good. We might, you know, go

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Speaker 1: down to dress size. But according to a fairly recent

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Speaker 1: study from Plastic and Reconstructive Journal, my favorite journal, yes,

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Speaker 1: um women and these were women I think over forty

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Speaker 1: who lost as little as ten pounds um looked four

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Speaker 1: years older because of the weight loss, right, while the

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Speaker 1: ones who didn't lose the weight had these plump cheeks

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Speaker 1: and soft features that made them look younger than their

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Speaker 1: actual age. And this comes from a study of body

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Speaker 1: mass index among two pairs of identical female twins over

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Speaker 1: over the course of two years. And well, I didn't

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Speaker 1: look at the same thing, and men, I think that, Um,

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Speaker 1: it does make an interesting point about how if you

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Speaker 1: if you lose that important kind of fat around your face,

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Speaker 1: it can can make you look older, a little haggard.

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Speaker 1: So you might live forever, but you'll look kind of

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Speaker 1: an old lady while you do it. So what's the solution, Kristen.

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Speaker 1: I mean, these are extreme diets. We're basically saying fad

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Speaker 1: diets are really out there and probably don't work, right.

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Speaker 1: I mean, no one's going around masticating things thirty two

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Speaker 1: times today. Well, I mean you aren't. I mean you're

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Speaker 1: not even lunch with me. Something figured out that thing

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Speaker 1: two hours. Uh. Well, Molly, the thing is we might

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Speaker 1: just be fighting an uphill battle with all this dieting stuff.

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Speaker 1: Te Well, according to the Eating Disorders Foundation of Victoria,

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Speaker 1: Molly of people who go on weight loss diets as

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Speaker 1: a diet, probably yeah, some kind of fat diet, a

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Speaker 1: diet intended to make them lose weight. Um, they're gonna

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Speaker 1: gain back everything they've lost in more within two years. Wow. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: So basically, if you're going on a diet purely to

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Speaker 1: lose weight, the second year abandoned that diet, it all

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Speaker 1: comes back, sure, which is why we're gonna basically are

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Speaker 1: we going to take a stance to stay down with diets? Well,

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Speaker 1: I think that this is a good point to to

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Speaker 1: maybe propose that we change our concept of what a

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Speaker 1: diet should be when we look at a going on

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Speaker 1: a diet. You know, if I'm gonna go eat grape

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Speaker 1: fruit for two weeks, obviously I'm not going to sustain that,

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Speaker 1: but I'm going to drop, you know, a few pounds,

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Speaker 1: but it's going to rebound once I finally gets stick

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Speaker 1: of great fruit and start eating normally again. But maybe

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Speaker 1: instead of going on these fad diets, I should look

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Speaker 1: at my diet okay, as a whole and see, like

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Speaker 1: you're eating habit by eating habits, exactly what I'm eating when,

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Speaker 1: and what kind of healthy, sustainable adjustments I could be making. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: like you know that. I mean, people generally know as

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Speaker 1: a rule that they should not eat fried chicken. Let's say,

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Speaker 1: even though it's delicious, so delicious, um, and so going

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Speaker 1: on a great fruit diet to counteract the years you

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Speaker 1: spent eating fried chicken. Good idea, right, So if you

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Speaker 1: make the overall change, what you're telling me is if

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Speaker 1: I limit my intake of fried chicken while still upping

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Speaker 1: my quantities of healthy foods, Yeah, such as carrots, maybe

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Speaker 1: trade in the fried chicken, Molly for the chaw grill

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Speaker 1: charred grills. It's delicious, sorry, really like all forms of chicken.

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Speaker 1: And I think one interesting concept, Molly we should also

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Speaker 1: bring up is this idea of the set point theory

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Speaker 1: that maintains that our weight is genetically determined that for

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Speaker 1: some people, no matter how hard they try to gain

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Speaker 1: or to lose weight, it's just not gonna happen because

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Speaker 1: it's just not in their genes. And even more specifically,

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Speaker 1: whenever we try to gain or lose weight within four

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Speaker 1: to six pounds or two to three ms of our

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Speaker 1: kind of set weight, our body is going to go

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Speaker 1: into survival mode and it's gonna slow our metabolism to

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Speaker 1: save energy, and then our cravings for high calorie foods

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Speaker 1: are going to skyrocket, thus causing the diet rebound and

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Speaker 1: as proof of that, Kristen, let's let's take a brief

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Speaker 1: trip to Scandinavia. UM. There was one study I'm not

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Speaker 1: sure the year, but it was UM profile in a

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Speaker 1: book called Rethinking Thin by Gina Colata, where she goes

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Speaker 1: over sort of all these weight loss studies over the

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Speaker 1: years too to more or less point out how ridiculous

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Speaker 1: they are. UM. But there's this group of five hunds

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Speaker 1: and forty adopted children in Denmark UM who were found

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Speaker 1: to be, with very few exceptions, as fat or thin

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Speaker 1: as their biological parents, no matter what they were fed

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Speaker 1: or how much they exercised. Similarly, there was another study

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Speaker 1: of Swedish twins. Like I said, we're going to cover

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Speaker 1: the whole, almost the whole realm of Scandinavia UM. Sevent

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Speaker 1: of body weight and these Swedish twins was genetic, so

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Speaker 1: that it's more likely that you're inheriting your weight from

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Speaker 1: your parents, and you're inheriting much else, including um likelihood

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Speaker 1: of getting mental illness cancer. But that sounds sort of

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Speaker 1: depressing to think about, Kristen. I mean, for all of

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Speaker 1: us who are out there trying to make changes in

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Speaker 1: our diet to exercise more, is all hope lost. I mean,

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Speaker 1: I don't think so. I think that, like you said,

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Speaker 1: making those daily chang ages in our diets, we're eating

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Speaker 1: foods that make us feel good in the long run,

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Speaker 1: as opposed to foods with icing that probably only makes

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Speaker 1: us feel good in the short run. That's sort of

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Speaker 1: more a long term benefit than weight losses. When don't

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Speaker 1: you say yeah, and and think about integrating certain lifestyle

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Speaker 1: changes you know that are often tossed out, you know

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Speaker 1: as common tips such as you know, taking the stairs

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Speaker 1: or parking farther away, or you know, trying to walk more.

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Speaker 1: Just approaching it from I guess, a holistic perspective rather

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Speaker 1: than just saying, you know what, like I gotta lose

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Speaker 1: ten pounds and I'm just gonna eat grape fruit and

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Speaker 1: special K and that's it and go to the extreme.

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Speaker 1: So weight loss is possible, but not with a fat

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Speaker 1: diet long term, long term, Yeah, exactly. Just if you

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Speaker 1: want sustainable results, you have to work at It takes

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Speaker 1: it takes time, Okay, it takes dedication. So no fat

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Speaker 1: diets Anti frowns on them. Yeah, I mean, come on,

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Speaker 1: life is too short for fad diets people. That's what

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Speaker 1: my Mom always told me, so, if you guys have

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Speaker 1: any thoughts on dieting and aging, let us see what

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Speaker 1: they are at mom stuff at house stuff works dot com.

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Speaker 1: And speaking of our email addressed addressed Kristen, I've got

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Speaker 1: some people who haven't written into it in the past.

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Speaker 1: Let's hear an email from Lindsay, who wrote us about

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Speaker 1: the baseball podcast. She wrote, I have to say I'm

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Speaker 1: a little disappointed with your portrayal of softball as a

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Speaker 1: girl who spent her entire youth on a softball diamond.

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Speaker 1: I was a little confused when you mentioned men playing

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Speaker 1: the sport because it has a soft ball, so they

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Speaker 1: wouldn't get us hurt with increasing cost of medical insurance

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Speaker 1: in the ninet thirties. I don't know if either of

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Speaker 1: you have ever played softball, but believe me, when you

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Speaker 1: get hit with a twelve bench softball sixty miles per

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Speaker 1: hour from thirty ft away, there's nothing soft about it.

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Speaker 1: When I was still playing, a fellow player ripped off

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Speaker 1: a girl's ear lobe just because their girl was not

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Speaker 1: fast enough to catch the ball that was hit right

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Speaker 1: back at her. I don't think that she thought the

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Speaker 1: ball was soft as well, just because the bases are closer,

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Speaker 1: the field is smaller. Road pitch underhand does not mean

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Speaker 1: that there's any less challenging. There's no difference in reaction

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Speaker 1: time when hitting a ninety miles per hour baseball from

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Speaker 1: ninety ft and hitting a sixte mile per hour softball

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Speaker 1: from thirty ft as well as I have to completely

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Speaker 1: disagree when you compare female softball softball players with cheerleaders

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Speaker 1: and the fact that they feel the need to keep

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Speaker 1: their femininity while playing their sport. As a small girl,

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Speaker 1: I was discriminated in the sport for not being as

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Speaker 1: big and burly as other girls. The game has become

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Speaker 1: much more butch and closer to baseball, with stronger players

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Speaker 1: that hit home runs. The sport which used to be

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Speaker 1: more interesting than baseball because there's far more action, but

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Speaker 1: now managers which seems to be like baseball teams, encouraging

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Speaker 1: home runs instead of the short game of bunting drag hitting,

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Speaker 1: which in general meant a lot more action. I do

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Speaker 1: agree that baseball and softball are different sports, but I'm

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Speaker 1: sure glad that as females get the better of the two.

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Speaker 1: Softball all right, And I've got an email here from Christina,

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Speaker 1: and she wants us to get rid of marriage. You

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Speaker 1: propose that podcast, I did propose it, Uh, she posed,

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Speaker 1: she said, I totally agree. I think Kristen said it.

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Speaker 1: We should just get rid of marriage completely. People could

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Speaker 1: still live together and have kids, they just wouldn't be married.

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Speaker 1: There's still the religious marriages if you believe in that,

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Speaker 1: but it wouldn't be legal. There'd be no joint bank accounts,

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Speaker 1: Texas would be filed separately, and there'd be no expensive

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Speaker 1: and traumatic divorces. I think marriage is just an unnecessary

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Speaker 1: and expensive complication. My mom quite often reminds me that

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Speaker 1: I'm only sixteen and it will probably change my mind

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Speaker 1: when I meet the man of my dreams. I tell

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Speaker 1: her that I'm not a romantic and don't dream about

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Speaker 1: a mysterious man that will show up in my life

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Speaker 1: at some unspecified time in the future. Then she says

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Speaker 1: she should record the things I will say now and

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Speaker 1: played in the bi wedding. I tell her again, I'm

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Speaker 1: not getting married, but she's still fully convinced I will

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Speaker 1: fall in love and get married. Maybe I'm screwed up

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Speaker 1: in the head or my mom forgot to teach me something,

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Speaker 1: but I just think independently. Whatever it is, I don't

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Speaker 1: want to be anyone's wife. Well, thank you Christina all

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Speaker 1: writing in yeah, and as always if you would like

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Speaker 1: to write in again, our email addresses mom stuff at

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Speaker 1: how stuff works dot com and during the week, if

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Speaker 1: you'd like to head over to our blog, it's called

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Speaker 1: how to stuff And if you would like to read

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Speaker 1: Molly's article on dieting and aging, you should also head

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Speaker 1: over to how stuff works dot com for more on

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Speaker 1: this and thousands of other topics. Is that how stuff

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Speaker 1: works dot com. Want more how stuff works, check out

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Speaker 1: our blogs on the house. Stuff works dot com home

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