1 00:00:00,680 --> 00:00:03,120 Speaker 1: Dear listener. In this episode, there is a mention of 2 00:00:03,160 --> 00:00:05,039 Speaker 1: an incident of sexual violence. 3 00:00:05,400 --> 00:00:08,680 Speaker 2: Just so you know, my name is Daniela Platretas. 4 00:00:09,600 --> 00:00:12,719 Speaker 3: And then at the Master Worker, I am an immigrant, 5 00:00:13,320 --> 00:00:15,960 Speaker 3: I'm an organizer, A mee too. 6 00:00:16,720 --> 00:00:17,599 Speaker 4: I'm a survivor. 7 00:00:19,040 --> 00:00:22,520 Speaker 2: It's September twenty eighteen and Daniella Contreras is speaking for 8 00:00:22,560 --> 00:00:25,600 Speaker 2: the first time in her life at the US Capitol. 9 00:00:26,280 --> 00:00:29,400 Speaker 2: It's a protest against the nomination of Brett Cavanaugh as 10 00:00:29,440 --> 00:00:34,240 Speaker 2: a Supreme Court justice amid allegations of sexual assault. Daniella 11 00:00:34,360 --> 00:00:38,440 Speaker 2: is there representing the National Domestic Workers' Alliance, an organization 12 00:00:38,640 --> 00:00:41,600 Speaker 2: advocating to improve the working conditions of some of the 13 00:00:41,640 --> 00:00:47,280 Speaker 2: most invisible workers. Nanny's housekeepers, home care aids, the kind 14 00:00:47,280 --> 00:00:50,400 Speaker 2: of work Daniella had performed for over a decade before 15 00:00:50,440 --> 00:00:53,639 Speaker 2: becoming an organizer. Every day and. 16 00:00:53,680 --> 00:01:00,720 Speaker 4: Here's stories of work just like me, stories flop, fear, silence, 17 00:01:01,360 --> 00:01:06,680 Speaker 4: and shame. But who are organizing? We have lost and 18 00:01:06,880 --> 00:01:12,360 Speaker 4: police to protect thems to workers. We made sure survivors. No, 19 00:01:12,360 --> 00:01:14,000 Speaker 4: now they're not alone. 20 00:01:14,560 --> 00:01:17,440 Speaker 2: Daniella is thrilled to be speaking right in the political 21 00:01:17,480 --> 00:01:20,960 Speaker 2: heart of the United States. It's a dream come true 22 00:01:21,080 --> 00:01:23,760 Speaker 2: for this Mexican woman who arrived in this country as 23 00:01:23,760 --> 00:01:25,160 Speaker 2: an undocumented teenager. 24 00:01:25,800 --> 00:01:31,320 Speaker 4: Today is this day say enough is enough to those 25 00:01:31,440 --> 00:01:35,760 Speaker 4: keep on power perpetrate. I means let me tell you 26 00:01:35,800 --> 00:01:42,680 Speaker 4: one thing your time as well as thank. 27 00:01:44,680 --> 00:01:47,720 Speaker 2: But a year and a half later, in February twenty twenty, 28 00:01:48,040 --> 00:01:51,120 Speaker 2: Daniella had to quit the advocacy job she loved so much. 29 00:01:51,760 --> 00:01:55,080 Speaker 2: Her mother's liver was failing and she needed constant assistance, 30 00:01:55,880 --> 00:01:59,720 Speaker 2: but Daniela couldn't afford to hire a homecare worker. So 31 00:02:00,040 --> 00:02:02,120 Speaker 2: after a brief taste of what it was like to 32 00:02:02,160 --> 00:02:05,240 Speaker 2: work in politics, Daniela had to go back to doing 33 00:02:05,280 --> 00:02:09,639 Speaker 2: the undervalued work she had been advocating for caregiving labor, 34 00:02:10,720 --> 00:02:13,720 Speaker 2: because who else was going to look after her sick mother? 35 00:02:19,760 --> 00:02:24,519 Speaker 1: From Fuduromedia and PRX, It's Latino Usa, I'm Maria ino Rosa. 36 00:02:25,280 --> 00:02:35,120 Speaker 1: Today the invisible cost of care, the social distancing measures 37 00:02:35,120 --> 00:02:38,280 Speaker 1: put in place during the pandemic have exposed how vital 38 00:02:38,680 --> 00:02:42,960 Speaker 1: and hard it is to take care of children, the elderly, sick, 39 00:02:43,040 --> 00:02:47,160 Speaker 1: and disabled people. And if that wasn't enough, families had 40 00:02:47,160 --> 00:02:50,360 Speaker 1: to basically look after their own homes with no help, 41 00:02:50,800 --> 00:02:54,639 Speaker 1: no help cleaning cooking, doing laundry, and it's women who 42 00:02:54,680 --> 00:03:01,480 Speaker 1: are bearing the heaviest burden of caregiving, especially Latins. Latinas 43 00:03:01,600 --> 00:03:04,079 Speaker 1: are dropping out of the workforce at a higher rate 44 00:03:04,120 --> 00:03:07,640 Speaker 1: than any other group during the pandemic to take care 45 00:03:07,760 --> 00:03:12,119 Speaker 1: of their families and homes. Latinas are also overrepresented in 46 00:03:12,320 --> 00:03:16,320 Speaker 1: paid caregiving and domestic work. They make up almost thirty 47 00:03:16,320 --> 00:03:19,280 Speaker 1: percent of all domestic workers in the US, and the 48 00:03:19,400 --> 00:03:24,000 Speaker 1: COVID nineteen lockdowns left the majority of them out of work. 49 00:03:25,080 --> 00:03:28,600 Speaker 1: But this isn't something new. Care and domestic labor have 50 00:03:28,720 --> 00:03:33,640 Speaker 1: long been undervalued. How essential is caregiving for a society 51 00:03:33,680 --> 00:03:38,120 Speaker 1: to properly function? Is it in fact as vital as roads, 52 00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:41,840 Speaker 1: bridges and light posts? And should governments invest in caregiving 53 00:03:41,880 --> 00:03:46,160 Speaker 1: the same way they invest in infrastructure. Editor Marta Martinez, 54 00:03:46,160 --> 00:03:48,040 Speaker 1: who you heard from in the beginning of this episode, 55 00:03:48,120 --> 00:03:51,720 Speaker 1: is going to dive into exactly what this high cost 56 00:03:51,880 --> 00:03:56,400 Speaker 1: of caregiving has meant for many women, women like daniell 57 00:03:56,440 --> 00:04:03,640 Speaker 1: Le Contreras. Here's Martha with the story. 58 00:04:04,280 --> 00:04:11,680 Speaker 2: Asia sank I meet Danila Contreres in Sunset Park, Brooklyn, 59 00:04:12,200 --> 00:04:14,360 Speaker 2: near where she grew up when she first came to 60 00:04:14,400 --> 00:04:17,279 Speaker 2: the United States as a teenager. From the top of 61 00:04:17,320 --> 00:04:21,240 Speaker 2: the grassy hill, we look at downtown Manhattan. Daniella would 62 00:04:21,279 --> 00:04:23,919 Speaker 2: come here often with her mother and admire the city 63 00:04:23,960 --> 00:04:28,320 Speaker 2: from the distance. Back then, the Twin Towers dominated the skyline. 64 00:04:28,960 --> 00:04:31,320 Speaker 2: But growing up they rarely got to go to the 65 00:04:31,360 --> 00:04:32,480 Speaker 2: city because we. 66 00:04:32,480 --> 00:04:35,080 Speaker 4: Didn't have money, and we had to postpone our little 67 00:04:35,080 --> 00:04:39,000 Speaker 4: trip to the Wall Tree Center because we couldn't afford it. 68 00:04:39,720 --> 00:04:42,040 Speaker 2: In the end, they never got the chance to visit 69 00:04:42,080 --> 00:04:45,680 Speaker 2: the Twin Towers. During the interview, we sit in the 70 00:04:45,720 --> 00:04:49,200 Speaker 2: park and wear masks, you know, because COVID nineteen is 71 00:04:49,240 --> 00:04:54,120 Speaker 2: still pretty much here and everywhere. Daniella has long black hair, 72 00:04:54,560 --> 00:04:58,040 Speaker 2: a round face, and deep dark eyes. Full of energy. 73 00:04:58,160 --> 00:05:00,200 Speaker 2: She seems to always be in a good mood, and 74 00:05:00,240 --> 00:05:03,800 Speaker 2: she laughs often, even when she's talking about difficult experiences 75 00:05:03,839 --> 00:05:07,800 Speaker 2: she's been through. Domestic work has played a central role 76 00:05:07,839 --> 00:05:11,080 Speaker 2: in Daniella's life. In fact, it's the reason she was 77 00:05:11,120 --> 00:05:13,200 Speaker 2: able to come to the United States when she was 78 00:05:13,200 --> 00:05:16,960 Speaker 2: eleven years old. Her mother, i Dinne, had left Mexico 79 00:05:17,000 --> 00:05:20,120 Speaker 2: a year earlier to work as a living maid in Brooklyn, 80 00:05:20,360 --> 00:05:22,719 Speaker 2: and with the money she made, she was able to 81 00:05:22,720 --> 00:05:25,880 Speaker 2: buy Daniela and her sister Minerva a plane ticket to 82 00:05:25,920 --> 00:05:28,919 Speaker 2: New York. But the year they spent a part was 83 00:05:28,960 --> 00:05:29,880 Speaker 2: hard for Daniella. 84 00:05:30,880 --> 00:05:35,839 Speaker 4: We never actually never ever separated, only when she came 85 00:05:35,880 --> 00:05:38,240 Speaker 4: here to the US, and we were separated for a year. 86 00:05:38,760 --> 00:05:41,040 Speaker 4: It was hard. I needed my mom. 87 00:05:41,400 --> 00:05:44,479 Speaker 2: Daniella was looking forward to reuniting with her mother, but 88 00:05:44,640 --> 00:05:47,680 Speaker 2: her new life in the US was not what she expected. 89 00:05:48,160 --> 00:05:50,479 Speaker 2: Her mother lived with the family she worked for, so 90 00:05:50,600 --> 00:05:52,880 Speaker 2: Daniella and her sister had to stay with an uncle 91 00:05:52,960 --> 00:05:56,719 Speaker 2: they barely knew in Dyker Heights, Brooklyn. Her hours for 92 00:05:56,839 --> 00:05:59,560 Speaker 2: long they were not seeing my mom. It was only 93 00:06:00,360 --> 00:06:04,200 Speaker 2: once a week, every Saturday. Actually, we will see her 94 00:06:04,240 --> 00:06:05,120 Speaker 2: for a few hours. 95 00:06:05,160 --> 00:06:08,920 Speaker 4: She was working us a live in and making If 96 00:06:09,120 --> 00:06:11,160 Speaker 4: not mistaken, I think it was two hundred a week. 97 00:06:12,160 --> 00:06:14,839 Speaker 2: With her meager wages, her mother had to cover rent 98 00:06:14,880 --> 00:06:18,120 Speaker 2: for Daniela and Minerva's room, provide food for them, and 99 00:06:18,160 --> 00:06:21,799 Speaker 2: pay for the girls transportation to go to school. Daniela 100 00:06:22,000 --> 00:06:24,560 Speaker 2: was also put in a special needs class because she 101 00:06:24,600 --> 00:06:28,400 Speaker 2: didn't speak English. She didn't like any of it, and 102 00:06:28,480 --> 00:06:29,680 Speaker 2: she was getting frustrated. 103 00:06:30,160 --> 00:06:32,359 Speaker 4: I got tired of being here in the US with 104 00:06:32,440 --> 00:06:35,880 Speaker 4: my mom but not being with her because maybe you're 105 00:06:35,960 --> 00:06:37,400 Speaker 4: not having a good day. You want your mom, you 106 00:06:37,400 --> 00:06:39,839 Speaker 4: want a hunt. She wasn't around. She couldn't be there. 107 00:06:40,480 --> 00:06:43,920 Speaker 2: Even as a teenager, Daniella knew that her family needed money, 108 00:06:44,160 --> 00:06:46,599 Speaker 2: so when she turned fifteen, she told her mother that 109 00:06:46,680 --> 00:06:49,159 Speaker 2: she would start working. She got a job at a 110 00:06:49,200 --> 00:06:52,080 Speaker 2: ninety nine cents store as a weekend manager, and on 111 00:06:52,120 --> 00:06:55,640 Speaker 2: weekdays after school, she babysat a three year old boy. 112 00:06:56,240 --> 00:06:58,880 Speaker 4: The mom was good, Ladina, she will speak Spanish to 113 00:06:58,920 --> 00:07:01,440 Speaker 4: me and I was like, yeah, only Wrinchmonds were done 114 00:07:01,480 --> 00:07:04,760 Speaker 4: through her. But the dad only spoke English. He would 115 00:07:04,800 --> 00:07:07,320 Speaker 4: come home and I wouldn't know what he was saying 116 00:07:07,480 --> 00:07:08,239 Speaker 4: or doing. 117 00:07:11,120 --> 00:07:15,600 Speaker 2: One day, the dad sexually harassed Daniella. She recounted that 118 00:07:15,680 --> 00:07:18,880 Speaker 2: disturbing experience when she spoke at the US Capitol in 119 00:07:18,960 --> 00:07:19,640 Speaker 2: twenty eighteen. 120 00:07:21,280 --> 00:07:25,440 Speaker 5: One day, the dad arrived home and immediately when you 121 00:07:25,520 --> 00:07:28,360 Speaker 5: take a shower, he called my need to help him 122 00:07:28,360 --> 00:07:34,640 Speaker 5: with something, and I went at the bedroom. He exposed 123 00:07:34,880 --> 00:07:38,600 Speaker 5: himself to me. He began to touch a sexually as 124 00:07:38,720 --> 00:07:40,360 Speaker 5: sawing right in front of his style. 125 00:07:41,520 --> 00:07:45,200 Speaker 4: It was one of the most terrifying experiences in my life. 126 00:07:47,840 --> 00:07:50,760 Speaker 2: Danilla decided to leave the job for her own safety. 127 00:07:51,680 --> 00:07:55,200 Speaker 4: So I left the place running and I never went back. 128 00:07:55,360 --> 00:07:57,360 Speaker 4: Obviously never told my mom because I didn't want to 129 00:07:57,400 --> 00:08:01,119 Speaker 4: make her feel guilty or tell my family. They probably 130 00:08:01,120 --> 00:08:05,520 Speaker 4: would have said that as in many cases, it's probably 131 00:08:05,520 --> 00:08:08,600 Speaker 4: your fault. You probably made that happen. Yeah, at fifteen, 132 00:08:08,720 --> 00:08:13,520 Speaker 4: they really so I just kept it quiet and kept going. 133 00:08:16,080 --> 00:08:20,120 Speaker 2: By the time she was seventeen, Daniella's mother started having 134 00:08:20,120 --> 00:08:24,200 Speaker 2: health problems. It didne was diabetic and had high blood pressure, 135 00:08:24,680 --> 00:08:27,880 Speaker 2: but she couldn't afford the medication for her chronic conditions. 136 00:08:28,560 --> 00:08:31,040 Speaker 2: In order to take care of her mom, Daniella had 137 00:08:31,080 --> 00:08:33,880 Speaker 2: to derail her plans to go to community college and 138 00:08:33,920 --> 00:08:37,360 Speaker 2: take on one precarious job to the next. In two 139 00:08:37,400 --> 00:08:40,800 Speaker 2: thousand and six, when Daniela was twenty two, it Dina 140 00:08:40,840 --> 00:08:44,480 Speaker 2: got into a serious car accident. She broke her leg, 141 00:08:44,720 --> 00:08:47,520 Speaker 2: and because she was diabetic, they worried that they might 142 00:08:47,600 --> 00:08:50,680 Speaker 2: have to amputate it. In the end, her mother was 143 00:08:50,720 --> 00:08:53,320 Speaker 2: able to keep her leg, but the accident took a 144 00:08:53,360 --> 00:08:54,280 Speaker 2: toll on the family. 145 00:08:54,720 --> 00:08:58,080 Speaker 4: It took three years to her to recover. She was 146 00:08:58,120 --> 00:09:01,200 Speaker 4: in a hospital for like six months like in treatments, 147 00:09:01,920 --> 00:09:06,040 Speaker 4: then having her home living in this apartment no elevator. 148 00:09:06,800 --> 00:09:09,320 Speaker 4: We were able to get a wheelchair. It was super heavy, 149 00:09:10,280 --> 00:09:14,120 Speaker 4: but she had to come up and down the stairs. 150 00:09:15,400 --> 00:09:17,959 Speaker 2: The car accident was just the start of a long 151 00:09:18,280 --> 00:09:22,720 Speaker 2: downhill struggle with it in its stabilitating health. When she 152 00:09:22,800 --> 00:09:25,760 Speaker 2: finally did recover, Ida was able to get back to 153 00:09:25,800 --> 00:09:29,920 Speaker 2: work as a nanny. Then her high blood pressure struck 154 00:09:29,960 --> 00:09:32,440 Speaker 2: again and she went blind for six months. 155 00:09:33,679 --> 00:09:35,880 Speaker 4: Her employees showed up to the hospital. No did I 156 00:09:35,960 --> 00:09:38,000 Speaker 4: ever call it. She was okay, and they called to 157 00:09:38,040 --> 00:09:40,440 Speaker 4: see if she was gonna show up to work, but 158 00:09:40,559 --> 00:09:43,079 Speaker 4: not just to see if she was doing okay after 159 00:09:43,120 --> 00:09:46,800 Speaker 4: working for that family for ten or fifteen years. 160 00:09:48,400 --> 00:09:51,559 Speaker 2: On top of everything else, it fell down the stairs 161 00:09:51,640 --> 00:09:55,760 Speaker 2: and broke her arm. Daniela and her sister Minerva had 162 00:09:55,800 --> 00:09:59,360 Speaker 2: several nicknames for her mother. They called her La Greta, 163 00:10:00,080 --> 00:10:00,959 Speaker 2: a fighter. 164 00:10:01,160 --> 00:10:06,320 Speaker 4: And also the La Munda everything was broken. 165 00:10:07,760 --> 00:10:09,960 Speaker 2: They also came up with a nickname for the three 166 00:10:09,960 --> 00:10:12,000 Speaker 2: of them during these tough times. 167 00:10:12,280 --> 00:10:16,520 Speaker 4: And they also calls the three Musketeers too, because one 168 00:10:16,520 --> 00:10:18,520 Speaker 4: will follow the three like the three of us were 169 00:10:18,559 --> 00:10:19,720 Speaker 4: always together. 170 00:10:20,679 --> 00:10:24,040 Speaker 2: And her daughters, Daniela and Minerva only had each other 171 00:10:24,080 --> 00:10:26,400 Speaker 2: in the US, so they had to take care of 172 00:10:26,400 --> 00:10:26,960 Speaker 2: one another. 173 00:10:27,600 --> 00:10:29,520 Speaker 4: Every time she would end up in the hospital, I 174 00:10:29,600 --> 00:10:31,679 Speaker 4: was the one always gone with her. My sister will 175 00:10:31,720 --> 00:10:34,480 Speaker 4: stay home because I don't know. Hospitals made her nervous 176 00:10:34,480 --> 00:10:36,600 Speaker 4: all the time, so I was I think I spent 177 00:10:36,880 --> 00:10:39,480 Speaker 4: almost twenty years at hospitals with my mother. 178 00:10:40,440 --> 00:10:43,920 Speaker 2: The list of ailments became endless, and whenever it isn't 179 00:10:43,920 --> 00:10:47,000 Speaker 2: and needed help, Daniela, who was living with her, had 180 00:10:47,000 --> 00:10:49,400 Speaker 2: to leave work to take care of her mother, and 181 00:10:49,440 --> 00:10:50,920 Speaker 2: that had consequences. 182 00:10:51,200 --> 00:10:54,000 Speaker 4: I got fired from so many jobs because I was 183 00:10:54,040 --> 00:10:56,880 Speaker 4: taking too many days off to care for my mother. 184 00:10:58,000 --> 00:11:00,280 Speaker 4: Anyone wasn't making money. Maybe in many money was sure, 185 00:11:01,000 --> 00:11:04,440 Speaker 4: but just making sure that my mother was okay it 186 00:11:04,559 --> 00:11:11,960 Speaker 4: was worth it. 187 00:11:11,960 --> 00:11:14,680 Speaker 2: It wasn't easy for Danila to find good paying jobs 188 00:11:14,720 --> 00:11:18,439 Speaker 2: with protections because she wasn't documented, so she did all 189 00:11:18,520 --> 00:11:24,400 Speaker 2: kinds of low wage off the book's work, catering, waitressing, cleaning, nanning. 190 00:11:25,280 --> 00:11:29,160 Speaker 2: At several of these jobs, Danila was sexually harassed. It 191 00:11:29,200 --> 00:11:31,920 Speaker 2: became such a common occurrence that as a young woman, 192 00:11:32,200 --> 00:11:34,280 Speaker 2: she had to find ways to protect herself. 193 00:11:35,320 --> 00:11:38,240 Speaker 4: I wouldn't wear the clothes that I wanted so that 194 00:11:38,360 --> 00:11:42,400 Speaker 4: I wouldn't get the attention from other people. I wouldn't 195 00:11:42,559 --> 00:11:45,559 Speaker 4: do my hair nicely or put makeup on like the girls. 196 00:11:45,600 --> 00:11:48,240 Speaker 4: Now in these days, I will make sure I will 197 00:11:48,440 --> 00:11:52,080 Speaker 4: show up on my worst so that I wouldn't get 198 00:11:52,160 --> 00:11:54,920 Speaker 4: sexually harassed. But it happened all the time. 199 00:12:00,600 --> 00:12:01,880 Speaker 2: Danilla got tired of it. 200 00:12:02,160 --> 00:12:04,280 Speaker 4: As I got older, I got more experienced, and I 201 00:12:04,320 --> 00:12:05,880 Speaker 4: was like, no, something needs to be done, and I 202 00:12:05,920 --> 00:12:09,600 Speaker 4: got fed up with it. Like every job, something was happening. 203 00:12:10,280 --> 00:12:12,640 Speaker 2: She started to speak out and went so far as 204 00:12:12,679 --> 00:12:15,480 Speaker 2: to report one of her bosses to the Department of Labor. 205 00:12:16,120 --> 00:12:18,960 Speaker 2: But she not only raised her voice about sexual harassment, 206 00:12:19,400 --> 00:12:22,559 Speaker 2: she became very vocal with her employers about other labor 207 00:12:22,600 --> 00:12:26,920 Speaker 2: issues as well, the low pei, the unpaid overtime, the 208 00:12:27,040 --> 00:12:31,080 Speaker 2: lack of breaks, paid time off, and health insurance. She 209 00:12:31,160 --> 00:12:34,760 Speaker 2: also started making her fellow employees more aware of the rights, 210 00:12:35,280 --> 00:12:40,040 Speaker 2: encouraging them to complain about proof working conditions and organizing strikes. 211 00:12:40,240 --> 00:12:42,520 Speaker 4: I was always causing trouble at the other jobs, like 212 00:12:42,960 --> 00:12:45,680 Speaker 4: agitating people so it could do something about themselves, but 213 00:12:45,760 --> 00:12:46,280 Speaker 4: also for me. 214 00:12:46,920 --> 00:12:49,600 Speaker 2: Most of the time, Daniella ended up getting fired for 215 00:12:49,679 --> 00:12:53,480 Speaker 2: raising her voice. Bosses called her problematic when she was 216 00:12:53,520 --> 00:12:57,520 Speaker 2: only defending her rights, she says, but she continued speaking 217 00:12:57,520 --> 00:13:00,600 Speaker 2: out because Daniella noticed that it was more mostly people 218 00:13:00,600 --> 00:13:03,600 Speaker 2: who looked like her who were doing these kinds of jobs, 219 00:13:03,920 --> 00:13:07,559 Speaker 2: cleaning houses, taking care of other people's children and the elderly. 220 00:13:08,160 --> 00:13:17,400 Speaker 2: It was usually undocumented immigrants, people of color women. It's 221 00:13:17,520 --> 00:13:20,440 Speaker 2: estimated that there are more than two million domestic workers 222 00:13:20,480 --> 00:13:23,880 Speaker 2: in the United States, and almost ninety two percent of 223 00:13:23,920 --> 00:13:29,080 Speaker 2: them are women. The majority are Black, Latina, and Asian women, 224 00:13:29,600 --> 00:13:32,920 Speaker 2: often born outside of the country, and it has been 225 00:13:32,960 --> 00:13:34,400 Speaker 2: that way for a long time. 226 00:13:35,320 --> 00:13:41,680 Speaker 6: When domestic work became paid labor, it was initially African 227 00:13:41,760 --> 00:13:47,160 Speaker 6: American women transitioning from slavery after the Civil War that 228 00:13:47,360 --> 00:13:48,880 Speaker 6: mostly did this work. 229 00:13:49,360 --> 00:13:53,440 Speaker 2: That's Roselle s Lasar Parnez, a professor of sociology, gender 230 00:13:53,520 --> 00:13:57,480 Speaker 2: and Sexuality Studies at the University of Southern California who 231 00:13:57,480 --> 00:14:01,120 Speaker 2: has been researching migrant domestic workers for more than two decades. 232 00:14:01,679 --> 00:14:08,319 Speaker 6: Since then, we have seen a diversification of domestic workers, however, 233 00:14:08,679 --> 00:14:13,080 Speaker 6: it is still women of color, particularly immigrant women of color, 234 00:14:13,800 --> 00:14:17,800 Speaker 6: primarily in the United States from Latin American countries. 235 00:14:18,440 --> 00:14:21,600 Speaker 2: On average, domestic workers are paid twelve dollars an hour, 236 00:14:22,040 --> 00:14:25,120 Speaker 2: much less than the median wage for all workers, which 237 00:14:25,160 --> 00:14:27,840 Speaker 2: is close to twenty dollars an hour. And there's a 238 00:14:27,880 --> 00:14:30,880 Speaker 2: reason why this kind of work has always been undervalued, 239 00:14:31,080 --> 00:14:31,960 Speaker 2: Roselle says. 240 00:14:32,920 --> 00:14:38,160 Speaker 6: Historically, this is work that's considered women's work. Men work 241 00:14:38,200 --> 00:14:42,840 Speaker 6: outside the home, and that's productive labor that has economic value, 242 00:14:43,360 --> 00:14:47,560 Speaker 6: and then work inside the home is considered reproductive work, 243 00:14:47,680 --> 00:14:52,720 Speaker 6: and that historically has been seen as work without economic value. 244 00:14:52,840 --> 00:14:56,400 Speaker 6: And so this ideology of this work has trickled down 245 00:14:56,440 --> 00:15:00,360 Speaker 6: and manifested to this notion that this work by women 246 00:15:00,560 --> 00:15:01,760 Speaker 6: is not real work. 247 00:15:02,440 --> 00:15:05,960 Speaker 2: And because it wasn't considered real work, it also got 248 00:15:06,000 --> 00:15:09,280 Speaker 2: excluded from most labor laws that were supposed to strengthen 249 00:15:09,440 --> 00:15:10,479 Speaker 2: worker protections. 250 00:15:10,880 --> 00:15:14,800 Speaker 6: We saw this beginning in the National Labor Relations Act 251 00:15:14,840 --> 00:15:19,040 Speaker 6: of nineteen thirty five, which basically gave workers the right 252 00:15:19,240 --> 00:15:20,760 Speaker 6: to collective bargaining. 253 00:15:21,480 --> 00:15:27,680 Speaker 2: This law excluded domestic workers. Domestic workers are still left 254 00:15:27,720 --> 00:15:32,400 Speaker 2: out from major federal labor protections. They can't unionize, don't 255 00:15:32,440 --> 00:15:35,520 Speaker 2: have a right to overtime pay, don't have any sexual 256 00:15:35,560 --> 00:15:40,080 Speaker 2: harassment protections in the workplace, or safety guarantees against hazards 257 00:15:40,080 --> 00:15:44,440 Speaker 2: that could endanger their health. The majority don't have any benefits, 258 00:15:44,480 --> 00:15:48,080 Speaker 2: either like paid time off or health insurance. But in 259 00:15:48,120 --> 00:15:50,960 Speaker 2: recent years there have been some improvements at the state 260 00:15:51,080 --> 00:15:55,280 Speaker 2: level in places like New York, California, Connecticut, and Illinois. 261 00:15:55,440 --> 00:15:58,720 Speaker 2: Russell says these states have passed a Bill of Rights 262 00:15:58,720 --> 00:16:03,480 Speaker 2: for domestic workers, strengthens their protections against harassment and discrimination, 263 00:16:04,120 --> 00:16:08,520 Speaker 2: and guarantees some time to rest and disability compensation, among 264 00:16:08,560 --> 00:16:09,160 Speaker 2: other things. 265 00:16:09,840 --> 00:16:15,920 Speaker 6: Even with these legislative protections, the fact that it's difficult 266 00:16:15,920 --> 00:16:22,440 Speaker 6: to enforce and regulate these laws leaves workers still quite vulnerable. 267 00:16:27,200 --> 00:16:30,360 Speaker 2: For over a decade, Daniella always put her mother first 268 00:16:30,440 --> 00:16:33,400 Speaker 2: and took care of her when she got sick, But 269 00:16:33,440 --> 00:16:36,320 Speaker 2: then came a time when it was Aniela who needed help. 270 00:16:36,800 --> 00:16:40,640 Speaker 2: At twenty eight, she got pregnant, and soon after giving birth, 271 00:16:40,840 --> 00:16:42,040 Speaker 2: she became a single mother. 272 00:16:42,960 --> 00:16:44,760 Speaker 4: The dad took all the money he saw, the little 273 00:16:44,760 --> 00:16:50,080 Speaker 4: single things that I had. I didn't have any food 274 00:16:50,280 --> 00:16:56,640 Speaker 4: to feed my baby, bills while piling up. My mother 275 00:16:56,800 --> 00:16:59,400 Speaker 4: was sick, everything everything. 276 00:17:00,480 --> 00:17:03,440 Speaker 2: Daniella felt overwhelmed and she didn't know how she would 277 00:17:03,520 --> 00:17:07,160 Speaker 2: keep going. One day, she locked herself into her room. 278 00:17:07,800 --> 00:17:11,080 Speaker 4: I come with saim. I cry my lungs out pretty much. 279 00:17:12,200 --> 00:17:16,360 Speaker 4: But when I came back my mother. She's like, we're 280 00:17:16,400 --> 00:17:20,480 Speaker 4: gonna make a compromise. I'll be the woman, I'll take 281 00:17:20,520 --> 00:17:22,879 Speaker 4: care of your kid and you go to work. But 282 00:17:22,960 --> 00:17:35,680 Speaker 4: we're gonna be okay. 283 00:17:36,720 --> 00:17:40,840 Speaker 1: Coming up on Latino, Usa, Daniella becomes the only breadwinner 284 00:17:40,880 --> 00:17:44,640 Speaker 1: for her family and takes on multiple jobs as a caregiver, 285 00:17:45,280 --> 00:17:47,639 Speaker 1: and then she goes to a meeting that will change 286 00:17:47,800 --> 00:17:49,080 Speaker 1: the course of her life. 287 00:17:49,640 --> 00:18:38,920 Speaker 7: Stay with us, yes, hey, we're back. 288 00:18:39,359 --> 00:18:43,240 Speaker 1: Before the break, Daniella Contreras had been juggling multiple caregiving 289 00:18:43,320 --> 00:18:47,679 Speaker 1: jobs while also looking after her sick mother. Now she's 290 00:18:47,880 --> 00:18:51,200 Speaker 1: the one who needs help with her daughter. Here's Marta 291 00:18:51,240 --> 00:18:53,560 Speaker 1: Martinez again with the rest of the story. 292 00:18:55,359 --> 00:18:59,240 Speaker 2: After her daughter, Mikhaela was born, Daniela now a single mother, 293 00:19:00,200 --> 00:19:03,359 Speaker 2: the main source of income for the family. A year later, 294 00:19:03,600 --> 00:19:07,119 Speaker 2: her sister Minerva moved into the apartment with her son Gayel, 295 00:19:07,480 --> 00:19:10,880 Speaker 2: who was the same age as Mikaela. Minerva was also 296 00:19:11,000 --> 00:19:14,640 Speaker 2: a single mother. The three Musketeers were now living under 297 00:19:14,680 --> 00:19:18,840 Speaker 2: the same roof. Again. Daniella didn't expect that she would 298 00:19:18,880 --> 00:19:21,439 Speaker 2: end up doing what her mother did and had done 299 00:19:21,680 --> 00:19:25,760 Speaker 2: years before, taking care of other people's children to sustain 300 00:19:25,800 --> 00:19:29,359 Speaker 2: her own Daniella jagged three jobs at the same time. 301 00:19:30,359 --> 00:19:35,920 Speaker 4: I was nannying, cleaning homes, and working at a preschool 302 00:19:35,960 --> 00:19:39,480 Speaker 4: as a teacher assistant. And it was hard because I 303 00:19:39,480 --> 00:19:43,280 Speaker 4: will leave my house at six am and then be 304 00:19:43,440 --> 00:19:46,160 Speaker 4: home by eight o'clock at night. I will leave home 305 00:19:46,200 --> 00:19:49,119 Speaker 4: so early that my daughter was still sleeping, and then 306 00:19:49,160 --> 00:19:51,199 Speaker 4: I will get home and she was all little that 307 00:19:51,280 --> 00:19:54,600 Speaker 4: she was already sleeping. So the only day, if I 308 00:19:54,720 --> 00:19:57,879 Speaker 4: was lucky, was maybe Saturday or Sunday. But if I 309 00:19:57,960 --> 00:20:01,120 Speaker 4: had to work those two days, then I wasn't seeing her. 310 00:20:01,840 --> 00:20:05,080 Speaker 2: Since Si Dinna was the one raising Mikaela, Daniella missed 311 00:20:05,119 --> 00:20:06,720 Speaker 2: a lot of important moments. 312 00:20:07,200 --> 00:20:10,440 Speaker 4: I didn't get to see her first steps. I missed them. 313 00:20:11,560 --> 00:20:14,040 Speaker 4: Her first words weren't to my mom, which in a 314 00:20:14,080 --> 00:20:15,640 Speaker 4: way now I'm like, I'm thankful. 315 00:20:16,520 --> 00:20:20,360 Speaker 2: Mikaela loved reading stories in bed at night before falling asleep. 316 00:20:20,800 --> 00:20:25,560 Speaker 4: Whenever I was early, we will read books. And she 317 00:20:25,600 --> 00:20:27,600 Speaker 4: wasn't the kid that one book was enough. She will 318 00:20:27,960 --> 00:20:31,360 Speaker 4: read me twenty, So we will read twenty books at night, 319 00:20:31,880 --> 00:20:34,360 Speaker 4: and if I would fall asleep, she will get upset 320 00:20:34,480 --> 00:20:36,600 Speaker 4: because I didn't have the energy. 321 00:20:36,400 --> 00:20:40,760 Speaker 2: For her Mikhayela felt her mother's absence and that made 322 00:20:40,760 --> 00:20:44,159 Speaker 2: her angry, just like Daniella had felt when she missed it. 323 00:20:44,200 --> 00:20:48,600 Speaker 2: In in the summer of twenty sixteen, Mikaela was about 324 00:20:48,600 --> 00:20:50,920 Speaker 2: to start pre k and she had a request for 325 00:20:51,040 --> 00:20:51,520 Speaker 2: her mother. 326 00:20:52,160 --> 00:20:57,760 Speaker 4: She tells me, mommy September when I started school, you 327 00:20:58,240 --> 00:21:01,960 Speaker 4: don't see you too often. I want to see you more. 328 00:21:02,800 --> 00:21:05,439 Speaker 4: I want you to drop me off I'm picking up 329 00:21:05,440 --> 00:21:11,880 Speaker 4: from school. That was when I was like, I think 330 00:21:11,920 --> 00:21:14,439 Speaker 4: I need to make a better decision. I need to 331 00:21:14,440 --> 00:21:16,320 Speaker 4: spend more time with my daughter, she's getting older. 332 00:21:16,880 --> 00:21:19,879 Speaker 2: Around that time, Daniella ran into an acquaintance she hadn't 333 00:21:19,920 --> 00:21:22,359 Speaker 2: seen in a while, another nanny who lived in the 334 00:21:22,400 --> 00:21:24,280 Speaker 2: area and who had just been fired. 335 00:21:24,840 --> 00:21:27,119 Speaker 4: When I asked her, she's like, well, I just got fired. 336 00:21:27,720 --> 00:21:30,080 Speaker 4: I don't know why. I think it's unfair what they 337 00:21:30,119 --> 00:21:33,840 Speaker 4: did to me. But I found out about this organization 338 00:21:34,080 --> 00:21:36,480 Speaker 4: their meeting at this place on this stage. Do you 339 00:21:36,560 --> 00:21:39,160 Speaker 4: want to come? I was like, yeah, sure, Like after 340 00:21:40,160 --> 00:21:44,960 Speaker 4: having gone through all those other bad jobs that situations, 341 00:21:45,040 --> 00:21:46,400 Speaker 4: I was like, I think this is a place where 342 00:21:46,400 --> 00:21:48,080 Speaker 4: I want to know what this is about. 343 00:21:48,359 --> 00:21:51,480 Speaker 2: In February twenty sixteen, Daniella went to her first meeting 344 00:21:51,760 --> 00:21:54,280 Speaker 2: organized by the National Domestic Workers Alliance. 345 00:21:54,880 --> 00:21:57,359 Speaker 4: I almost didn't show up because I was so tired 346 00:21:57,359 --> 00:22:00,480 Speaker 4: from working from so early. I was already on my 347 00:22:00,520 --> 00:22:03,520 Speaker 4: way to the train station and she calls that heye, 348 00:22:03,760 --> 00:22:05,880 Speaker 4: so the meeting is about the story. You're not here. 349 00:22:06,320 --> 00:22:08,760 Speaker 4: So I turned around and went back to the meeting, 350 00:22:09,840 --> 00:22:10,720 Speaker 4: and I'm glad I did. 351 00:22:11,480 --> 00:22:15,879 Speaker 2: At the meeting, organizers from the alliance shared information on workers' rights, 352 00:22:16,280 --> 00:22:19,280 Speaker 2: what domestic workers should be charging their employers according to 353 00:22:19,320 --> 00:22:22,200 Speaker 2: their duties, and tips on what cleaning products to use 354 00:22:22,320 --> 00:22:23,480 Speaker 2: and how to do it safely. 355 00:22:24,119 --> 00:22:27,400 Speaker 4: The information that I got was great, which made me 356 00:22:27,480 --> 00:22:30,119 Speaker 4: realize that I was in getting paid what I was 357 00:22:30,160 --> 00:22:30,720 Speaker 4: supposed to. 358 00:22:31,119 --> 00:22:32,600 Speaker 2: Daniella also felt welcome. 359 00:22:33,119 --> 00:22:35,880 Speaker 4: One thing that I like was have a child, bring 360 00:22:35,920 --> 00:22:40,520 Speaker 4: her with you, and if you don't feel comfortable with English, 361 00:22:40,600 --> 00:22:43,679 Speaker 4: we have interpreters. I was like, okay, so what is 362 00:22:43,720 --> 00:22:44,600 Speaker 4: this place about. 363 00:22:44,920 --> 00:22:47,960 Speaker 2: For the first time in years, Daniella felt seen. She 364 00:22:48,040 --> 00:22:51,000 Speaker 2: had gotten used to being nobody in the US, she says. 365 00:22:51,640 --> 00:22:55,240 Speaker 2: At the meetings, Daniella learned that caregiving and domestic work 366 00:22:55,520 --> 00:22:58,560 Speaker 2: are valuable, and then we started going to every event 367 00:22:58,600 --> 00:23:01,200 Speaker 2: they had or we're doing something, will be there. We're 368 00:23:01,240 --> 00:23:04,680 Speaker 2: doing will be there. Around that time, Daniella was also 369 00:23:04,720 --> 00:23:07,840 Speaker 2: able to obtain a work permit through DACA. For the 370 00:23:07,920 --> 00:23:10,800 Speaker 2: first time, she had a Social Security number and could 371 00:23:10,880 --> 00:23:15,000 Speaker 2: finally work legally in the United States. Nd waight recruiters 372 00:23:15,080 --> 00:23:18,760 Speaker 2: soon spotted Daniela and saw her potential. They told her 373 00:23:18,800 --> 00:23:21,959 Speaker 2: they were looking for a part time engagement specialist to 374 00:23:21,960 --> 00:23:24,600 Speaker 2: help them reach out to domestic workers in the community. 375 00:23:25,240 --> 00:23:27,880 Speaker 2: Daniella decided to apply, but she didn't think she would 376 00:23:27,920 --> 00:23:28,920 Speaker 2: qualify for the job. 377 00:23:29,359 --> 00:23:32,679 Speaker 4: When I got the job, I was crying and my 378 00:23:32,800 --> 00:23:34,920 Speaker 4: mother she was like, why are you crying? You got 379 00:23:34,920 --> 00:23:39,520 Speaker 4: the job. But the reason I was crying was, yes, 380 00:23:40,080 --> 00:23:43,760 Speaker 4: I am moving forward. What about the rest of my people? 381 00:23:43,800 --> 00:23:44,560 Speaker 4: They're behind me. 382 00:23:45,240 --> 00:23:48,159 Speaker 2: Daniella couldn't help thinking about all the people she knew 383 00:23:48,200 --> 00:23:52,159 Speaker 2: and loved who were still undocumented, who didn't have a 384 00:23:52,160 --> 00:23:53,520 Speaker 2: Social Security number. 385 00:23:53,960 --> 00:23:55,680 Speaker 4: I wish they can be next to me. I wish 386 00:23:55,720 --> 00:23:57,960 Speaker 4: they can get that job opportunity because I knew a 387 00:23:57,960 --> 00:24:01,720 Speaker 4: lot of women in the community who were very talented 388 00:24:01,760 --> 00:24:03,560 Speaker 4: who I know they can do a lot of great things. 389 00:24:03,760 --> 00:24:06,439 Speaker 4: But because I was clumber, they cannot do it. 390 00:24:15,000 --> 00:24:19,240 Speaker 2: And dwa's office was located in downtown Manhattan. Daniella had 391 00:24:19,240 --> 00:24:22,160 Speaker 2: worked in the area years ago, mostly at Deli's, where 392 00:24:22,200 --> 00:24:24,960 Speaker 2: office workers would get their breakfast bagel or a quick 393 00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:28,520 Speaker 2: sandwich for lunch. She dreamed that one day she would 394 00:24:28,560 --> 00:24:32,000 Speaker 2: also work in one of those skyscrapers, and that day 395 00:24:32,359 --> 00:24:35,919 Speaker 2: had finally arrived. Daniella asked her mother to come with 396 00:24:35,960 --> 00:24:38,280 Speaker 2: her to the office on her first day in July 397 00:24:38,440 --> 00:24:39,240 Speaker 2: twenty sixteen. 398 00:24:40,040 --> 00:24:43,439 Speaker 4: My mother had a doctor's supportment that day, and I 399 00:24:43,440 --> 00:24:45,640 Speaker 4: asked her, like, Mommy, can you drop me off at work? 400 00:24:47,080 --> 00:24:51,520 Speaker 4: And I wanted to show that her hard work, her 401 00:24:51,800 --> 00:24:55,760 Speaker 4: like leaving everything behind, was worth it, that I was 402 00:24:56,280 --> 00:25:00,720 Speaker 4: doing what she had been drawing for many years. And 403 00:25:00,880 --> 00:25:03,119 Speaker 4: she gave into my tiny little office that I was 404 00:25:03,160 --> 00:25:06,320 Speaker 4: sharing with someone else, and she said, on my chair. 405 00:25:09,119 --> 00:25:11,960 Speaker 2: Having her mother's seat in that office chair was a 406 00:25:12,000 --> 00:25:15,000 Speaker 2: way to say thank you, a way to Marca before 407 00:25:15,000 --> 00:25:17,840 Speaker 2: and after point in the family's life in the US. 408 00:25:19,240 --> 00:25:21,720 Speaker 4: And seeing her that day, just like the look on 409 00:25:21,800 --> 00:25:24,040 Speaker 4: her face and the smile she gave me, I was like, 410 00:25:24,720 --> 00:25:27,560 Speaker 4: I know what you're saying. I know you're proud. 411 00:25:41,080 --> 00:25:44,679 Speaker 2: At NDWA, Daniella felt she had found her true calling. 412 00:25:45,320 --> 00:25:48,080 Speaker 2: She understood the needs of domestic workers because she had 413 00:25:48,119 --> 00:25:50,600 Speaker 2: been in their shoes, and she would now be able 414 00:25:50,640 --> 00:25:54,280 Speaker 2: to fight for their rights in front of legislators. Daniella 415 00:25:54,320 --> 00:25:56,840 Speaker 2: played a key role in reaching out to Latina house 416 00:25:56,840 --> 00:26:00,560 Speaker 2: cleaners in Brooklyn, which were among the hardest domester workers 417 00:26:00,560 --> 00:26:03,680 Speaker 2: to reach because they are mostly Spanish speakers and they 418 00:26:03,720 --> 00:26:06,480 Speaker 2: work behind closed doors inside people's homes. 419 00:26:06,920 --> 00:26:08,920 Speaker 4: How do you know there's an any in the area 420 00:26:09,000 --> 00:26:10,960 Speaker 4: one because you see her with the stroller, you see 421 00:26:11,000 --> 00:26:14,320 Speaker 4: her with little kids. You see in some community, their 422 00:26:14,440 --> 00:26:16,920 Speaker 4: meat at the park, at the library. There's a way 423 00:26:16,920 --> 00:26:19,199 Speaker 4: for you to find them. How do you find a 424 00:26:19,240 --> 00:26:19,919 Speaker 4: house cleaner? 425 00:26:20,800 --> 00:26:24,080 Speaker 2: In November twenty eighteen, Daniela was promoted to full time 426 00:26:24,200 --> 00:26:28,199 Speaker 2: organizer at NYWA. She was finally doing the kind of 427 00:26:28,240 --> 00:26:31,560 Speaker 2: work she had always wanted to, defending workers' rights in 428 00:26:31,600 --> 00:26:35,680 Speaker 2: front of legislators. Besides speaking at the US Capitol in DC, 429 00:26:36,200 --> 00:26:38,800 Speaker 2: she also spoke before the New York State Senate and 430 00:26:38,920 --> 00:26:40,480 Speaker 2: New York City's Mayor's office. 431 00:26:40,880 --> 00:26:43,000 Speaker 4: I didn't have any background organizing. I know I was 432 00:26:43,040 --> 00:26:45,440 Speaker 4: agitating people and I was telling them about the rights, 433 00:26:45,480 --> 00:26:49,359 Speaker 4: and maybe i'd been an organizer. Actually all my life, 434 00:26:49,480 --> 00:26:53,480 Speaker 4: since I'd been in my church in the community, but 435 00:26:53,600 --> 00:26:55,800 Speaker 4: I never had the title. 436 00:26:57,760 --> 00:27:00,199 Speaker 2: But she wasn't able to enjoy her dream job for 437 00:27:00,200 --> 00:27:05,080 Speaker 2: too long. In twenty fourteen, it had been diagnosed with 438 00:27:05,160 --> 00:27:09,040 Speaker 2: liver cancer. By early twenty twenty, it didn't as liver 439 00:27:09,359 --> 00:27:13,639 Speaker 2: started to fail. It didn't needed full time care. She 440 00:27:13,640 --> 00:27:17,679 Speaker 2: could barely walk, she wore diapers, and she needed dialysis 441 00:27:17,680 --> 00:27:22,720 Speaker 2: treatment three times a week. Danila shared caregiving responsibilities with 442 00:27:22,760 --> 00:27:23,800 Speaker 2: her sister Minerva. 443 00:27:24,400 --> 00:27:27,119 Speaker 4: There were times when she wouldn't remember us, like she 444 00:27:27,119 --> 00:27:31,080 Speaker 4: wouldn't know who she was, how to do things. She 445 00:27:31,160 --> 00:27:36,640 Speaker 4: was a baby. We had to feed her, change her diapers, 446 00:27:37,320 --> 00:27:39,240 Speaker 4: give her beds. 447 00:27:40,480 --> 00:27:44,000 Speaker 2: Bills were piling up. It didn't as health related costs 448 00:27:44,080 --> 00:27:46,720 Speaker 2: amounted to more than twenty five hundred dollars a month 449 00:27:47,200 --> 00:27:50,640 Speaker 2: because as an undocumented person, she didn't have health insurance 450 00:27:51,359 --> 00:27:54,840 Speaker 2: and she also needed a liver transplant. Even with the 451 00:27:54,920 --> 00:27:58,800 Speaker 2: benefits she received at her job with NDWA, Danilla still 452 00:27:58,840 --> 00:28:01,560 Speaker 2: couldn't afford hiring a home care worker for her mother 453 00:28:01,880 --> 00:28:05,080 Speaker 2: and covering her medical bills. She also had the rest 454 00:28:05,119 --> 00:28:10,800 Speaker 2: of the family expenses to consider. Danilla didn't see any 455 00:28:10,800 --> 00:28:13,320 Speaker 2: other option but to quit her job as an organizer 456 00:28:13,480 --> 00:28:16,240 Speaker 2: in late February twenty twenty to focus on it. In 457 00:28:17,400 --> 00:28:20,719 Speaker 2: Quitting made her sad, but her mother was her priority. 458 00:28:21,440 --> 00:28:26,680 Speaker 2: She was her everything, Daniella says. A couple of weeks 459 00:28:26,720 --> 00:28:31,359 Speaker 2: after leaving NDWA, Daniella contracted COVID nineteen and she got 460 00:28:31,480 --> 00:28:35,040 Speaker 2: really sick for the first time in her life. Daniella 461 00:28:35,119 --> 00:28:38,360 Speaker 2: had to stop everything she was doing. She lay in 462 00:28:38,400 --> 00:28:39,920 Speaker 2: bed for two weeks. 463 00:28:40,400 --> 00:28:44,080 Speaker 4: I had a little savings and then just like disappeared 464 00:28:44,160 --> 00:28:48,640 Speaker 4: within a month. And then my mother needs medication, she 465 00:28:48,720 --> 00:28:51,920 Speaker 4: needs to be taken to the doctor, visits and everything 466 00:28:52,000 --> 00:28:56,080 Speaker 4: still even with the pandemic, and only had three dollars 467 00:28:56,080 --> 00:29:02,920 Speaker 4: in my mike can. Horrible, horrible. 468 00:29:09,000 --> 00:29:11,440 Speaker 2: It wasn't the first time Daniela and her family were 469 00:29:11,480 --> 00:29:14,800 Speaker 2: short on money, but this time it felt even worse 470 00:29:14,840 --> 00:29:15,840 Speaker 2: than ever before. 471 00:29:16,400 --> 00:29:20,720 Speaker 4: As much as my sister we work, it was never enough. 472 00:29:20,960 --> 00:29:24,920 Speaker 2: Never Daniela had no job, and on top of everything 473 00:29:24,960 --> 00:29:28,160 Speaker 2: else was her sister Minerva, who was working as a 474 00:29:28,200 --> 00:29:31,680 Speaker 2: homeker giver for an elderly man with de mensha and. 475 00:29:32,280 --> 00:29:35,720 Speaker 4: One day when she asked for two days of she 476 00:29:35,880 --> 00:29:36,480 Speaker 4: just got fired. 477 00:29:39,280 --> 00:29:42,200 Speaker 2: Care and domestic workers have been among the hardest hit 478 00:29:42,400 --> 00:29:45,920 Speaker 2: by the COVID nineteen pandemic. In a matter of weeks, 479 00:29:45,960 --> 00:29:50,480 Speaker 2: almost seventy percent of nanny's, housekeepers and home care workers 480 00:29:50,760 --> 00:29:54,240 Speaker 2: reported having lost all their jobs, while three out of 481 00:29:54,320 --> 00:29:59,280 Speaker 2: four were primary bread winners in their families. On the 482 00:29:59,320 --> 00:30:03,000 Speaker 2: other hand, as schools and daycare centers closed and there 483 00:30:03,040 --> 00:30:06,880 Speaker 2: were no more housekeepers and nannies to support families inside 484 00:30:06,880 --> 00:30:09,959 Speaker 2: their homes, women had to pick up the slack and 485 00:30:10,000 --> 00:30:14,080 Speaker 2: take on additional caregiving and domestic work created by the 486 00:30:14,120 --> 00:30:18,880 Speaker 2: pandemic social distancing measures. More than two point five million 487 00:30:18,960 --> 00:30:23,360 Speaker 2: women have abandoned the workforce during the pandemic. Vice President 488 00:30:23,440 --> 00:30:26,760 Speaker 2: Kamala Harris has called this a national emergency. 489 00:30:27,320 --> 00:30:31,600 Speaker 8: The pandemic has put decades of the progress we've collectively 490 00:30:31,680 --> 00:30:34,120 Speaker 8: made for women workers at risk. 491 00:30:34,600 --> 00:30:38,000 Speaker 2: And these job losses have affected Latina women more than 492 00:30:38,120 --> 00:30:41,560 Speaker 2: any other group. A UCLA study found that from March 493 00:30:41,600 --> 00:30:44,880 Speaker 2: twenty twenty to March twenty twenty one, two point seven 494 00:30:44,920 --> 00:30:48,200 Speaker 2: percent of Latina workers dropped out of the labor market, 495 00:30:48,720 --> 00:30:50,880 Speaker 2: almost doubled the rate of white women. 496 00:30:51,680 --> 00:30:54,560 Speaker 8: And the longer we wait to act, the harder it 497 00:30:54,640 --> 00:30:57,200 Speaker 8: will be to bring these millions of women back into 498 00:30:57,200 --> 00:31:01,680 Speaker 8: the workforce, and let me be clear, our economy cannot 499 00:31:01,800 --> 00:31:06,000 Speaker 8: fully recover unless women can participate fully. 500 00:31:07,040 --> 00:31:11,080 Speaker 2: In his original three point five trillion dollar infrastructure proposal, 501 00:31:11,640 --> 00:31:16,160 Speaker 2: President Joe Biden aimed to rebuild the country's transportation, power, 502 00:31:16,360 --> 00:31:19,880 Speaker 2: and broadband networks, but he also expanded the concept of 503 00:31:19,920 --> 00:31:25,160 Speaker 2: infrastructure to include what could be called human infrastructure. Human 504 00:31:25,160 --> 00:31:28,920 Speaker 2: infrastructure includes all the social services that help hold up 505 00:31:28,960 --> 00:31:33,640 Speaker 2: a society, like funding home care giving through medicaid, establishing 506 00:31:33,680 --> 00:31:38,040 Speaker 2: federal standards for paid and domestic leave, and funding universal preschool. 507 00:31:38,840 --> 00:31:40,800 Speaker 2: But it's hard to put a number on the cost 508 00:31:40,840 --> 00:31:43,959 Speaker 2: of care labor and its economic value for a society 509 00:31:44,320 --> 00:31:50,480 Speaker 2: when it's been invisibilized and undervalued for centuries. Two researchers 510 00:31:50,560 --> 00:31:52,680 Speaker 2: tried to do the math to prove that investing in 511 00:31:52,720 --> 00:31:57,000 Speaker 2: caregiving work is worth it. Here's Rakim Mabud, co author 512 00:31:57,040 --> 00:32:00,000 Speaker 2: of the study, It's Time to Care, The Economic case 513 00:32:00,160 --> 00:32:01,960 Speaker 2: for investing in a care infrastructure. 514 00:32:03,000 --> 00:32:06,480 Speaker 9: We looked at the effects of seventy five point five 515 00:32:06,520 --> 00:32:11,400 Speaker 9: billion dollar annual investments in various care sectors and found 516 00:32:11,480 --> 00:32:14,560 Speaker 9: that it would translate to over two million jobs a 517 00:32:14,640 --> 00:32:18,080 Speaker 9: year and two hundred billion dollars in new economic activity, 518 00:32:18,880 --> 00:32:23,000 Speaker 9: and importantly, a lot of this job creation is concentrated 519 00:32:23,040 --> 00:32:26,200 Speaker 9: among sectors where women of color who've been hit hardest 520 00:32:26,240 --> 00:32:28,320 Speaker 9: by the pandemic are employed. 521 00:32:28,480 --> 00:32:32,400 Speaker 2: For rakin A key aspect is who will be benefiting 522 00:32:32,640 --> 00:32:34,040 Speaker 2: from investing in care giving. 523 00:32:34,720 --> 00:32:39,560 Speaker 9: Care is that invisible framework that holds the entire economy up. 524 00:32:40,280 --> 00:32:43,640 Speaker 9: That infrastructure is largely made up of low paid, black, 525 00:32:44,120 --> 00:32:49,760 Speaker 9: Latina immigrant women. When people ask is care infrastructure, what 526 00:32:49,840 --> 00:32:52,720 Speaker 9: they're really asking is should we. 527 00:32:52,640 --> 00:32:54,280 Speaker 2: Be investing in care? 528 00:32:54,880 --> 00:32:57,360 Speaker 9: Do these people deserve to be invested in in the 529 00:32:57,400 --> 00:33:01,800 Speaker 9: same way that we've invested in manufacturing sectors or men 530 00:33:01,880 --> 00:33:04,000 Speaker 9: in hard hats for decades. 531 00:33:04,880 --> 00:33:08,680 Speaker 2: After months of negotiations and debating whether care work really 532 00:33:08,840 --> 00:33:12,960 Speaker 2: is infrastructure or not, Republicans blasted the inclusion of any 533 00:33:13,080 --> 00:33:17,360 Speaker 2: kind of caregiving in Biden's first infrastructure package that got 534 00:33:17,400 --> 00:33:21,680 Speaker 2: biparties and support. Experts found the exclusion of childcare and 535 00:33:21,720 --> 00:33:25,440 Speaker 2: other caregiving work worriesome and a reflection of a male 536 00:33:25,520 --> 00:33:29,840 Speaker 2: dominated Congress. The lack of support from Republicans and some 537 00:33:29,960 --> 00:33:35,080 Speaker 2: conservative Democrats for investing in so called human infrastructure reflects 538 00:33:35,080 --> 00:33:38,360 Speaker 2: a deeper issue, Rakene says, is not. 539 00:33:38,320 --> 00:33:43,000 Speaker 9: Actually a conversation about the word infrastructure. It's actually much 540 00:33:43,000 --> 00:33:46,640 Speaker 9: more of a conversation about who is deserving of investment. 541 00:33:47,520 --> 00:33:51,200 Speaker 2: The President has included caregiving in a separate, even larger 542 00:33:51,280 --> 00:33:55,240 Speaker 2: bill focused on expanding the social safety net, but it's 543 00:33:55,280 --> 00:33:58,640 Speaker 2: not clear when either of those packages will pass yet. 544 00:33:58,680 --> 00:34:02,600 Speaker 2: The need for caregiving work will only grow. Rakein says, 545 00:34:03,000 --> 00:34:05,120 Speaker 2: at some point in our lives. Throughout our lives, we 546 00:34:05,160 --> 00:34:08,800 Speaker 2: all need care. We need care when we are babies 547 00:34:08,800 --> 00:34:12,880 Speaker 2: and children, we need care when we're ill as older people, 548 00:34:13,200 --> 00:34:17,080 Speaker 2: if we have a disability, and care work is not 549 00:34:17,280 --> 00:34:19,680 Speaker 2: labor that is ever going to go away, because it 550 00:34:19,760 --> 00:34:31,560 Speaker 2: is so fundamental to functioning of human society. The doctor 551 00:34:31,560 --> 00:34:34,560 Speaker 2: told Daniela that without a liver transplant, her mother had 552 00:34:34,640 --> 00:34:39,480 Speaker 2: little chance of survival. Undocumented people are the facto excluded 553 00:34:39,520 --> 00:34:43,240 Speaker 2: from organ transplant waitlists because they typically don't have access 554 00:34:43,280 --> 00:34:46,680 Speaker 2: to a health insurance that would cover these very expensive procedures, 555 00:34:46,840 --> 00:34:51,000 Speaker 2: and they don't receive any federal support. But since Cinna's 556 00:34:51,080 --> 00:34:54,480 Speaker 2: case was extremely serious, she had the option to get 557 00:34:54,480 --> 00:34:59,279 Speaker 2: on the list. For undocumented people, disclosing their legal status 558 00:34:59,320 --> 00:35:04,600 Speaker 2: to healthcare is blurry territory. Although hospitals are not allowed 559 00:35:04,600 --> 00:35:08,480 Speaker 2: to disclose any personal information without a patient's consent. They 560 00:35:08,520 --> 00:35:11,680 Speaker 2: may do so when required by law, and even though 561 00:35:11,719 --> 00:35:16,880 Speaker 2: ICE considers hospitals sensitive locations where they avoid making arrests, 562 00:35:17,239 --> 00:35:21,960 Speaker 2: they can make exceptions. Danila and her family feared for 563 00:35:22,040 --> 00:35:24,239 Speaker 2: it in his safety if they added her name to 564 00:35:24,280 --> 00:35:28,320 Speaker 2: the wait list, especially after then President Donald Trump issued 565 00:35:28,360 --> 00:35:31,960 Speaker 2: a public Child rule that acted to deterred undocumented people 566 00:35:32,120 --> 00:35:36,640 Speaker 2: from using social services like healthcare, feeling mistrust in the community. 567 00:35:39,440 --> 00:35:44,840 Speaker 4: How do you tell your mother that she has two choices. One, 568 00:35:45,760 --> 00:35:49,040 Speaker 4: if we try to save your life, you might get 569 00:35:49,080 --> 00:35:51,800 Speaker 4: on the list, but you can also get the poorted 570 00:35:52,120 --> 00:35:56,200 Speaker 4: well being sick. The other one is you're not going 571 00:35:56,280 --> 00:35:59,799 Speaker 4: to get the transplant and you're going to die. That's 572 00:35:59,840 --> 00:36:02,680 Speaker 4: a conversation that you don't want to have with your 573 00:36:02,680 --> 00:36:07,000 Speaker 4: parents or with anyone else, especially people you love. 574 00:36:08,320 --> 00:36:10,719 Speaker 2: The family decided not to put it in its name 575 00:36:10,960 --> 00:36:14,359 Speaker 2: on the transplant waitlist. Daniela was devastated. 576 00:36:15,040 --> 00:36:18,640 Speaker 4: And I was always a tough one. Like outside people 577 00:36:18,680 --> 00:36:24,040 Speaker 4: saw me smiling and having this like joy and little 578 00:36:24,200 --> 00:36:28,759 Speaker 4: life and everything, but inside I was dying. I had 579 00:36:28,800 --> 00:36:32,000 Speaker 4: to acpect the fact that my mother was gonna die. 580 00:36:32,440 --> 00:36:33,440 Speaker 4: Just didn't know when. 581 00:36:35,160 --> 00:36:38,359 Speaker 2: It wasn't the only uncomfortable conversation Daniela had with her 582 00:36:38,400 --> 00:36:42,120 Speaker 2: mother during those last few weeks. They also talked about 583 00:36:42,160 --> 00:36:44,920 Speaker 2: something it and it had never shared with her daughters 584 00:36:45,000 --> 00:36:47,960 Speaker 2: when they were growing up, about the time she worked 585 00:36:47,960 --> 00:36:48,759 Speaker 2: as a living maid. 586 00:36:49,600 --> 00:36:53,400 Speaker 4: She wasn't telling me that she was sleeping in a basement, 587 00:36:53,680 --> 00:36:58,560 Speaker 4: in a cool basement. She didn't tell me that they 588 00:36:58,560 --> 00:37:00,560 Speaker 4: were screaming in her all the time, and because she 589 00:37:00,560 --> 00:37:05,319 Speaker 4: couldn't speak English, that she was hungry during the week, 590 00:37:05,440 --> 00:37:09,880 Speaker 4: because I wouldn't give her food all these years. I 591 00:37:10,000 --> 00:37:12,560 Speaker 4: know she had it rough, but I didn't know how 592 00:37:12,600 --> 00:37:13,239 Speaker 4: bad it was. 593 00:37:19,440 --> 00:37:24,279 Speaker 2: In May eat in it passed. She was sixty six 594 00:37:24,440 --> 00:37:32,399 Speaker 2: years old. Well, she was alive, it Didna wasn't able 595 00:37:32,440 --> 00:37:34,839 Speaker 2: to get on the wait list for an organ transplant 596 00:37:35,200 --> 00:37:39,400 Speaker 2: because she was undocumented. But now the hospital told Daniela 597 00:37:39,520 --> 00:37:42,279 Speaker 2: that if the family wanted, they could donate it in 598 00:37:42,360 --> 00:37:43,400 Speaker 2: its organs. 599 00:37:43,880 --> 00:37:45,719 Speaker 4: Why is it that if you're sticking your life you're 600 00:37:45,760 --> 00:37:48,880 Speaker 4: not worth it, but then if you die you're on documented. 601 00:37:49,000 --> 00:37:59,279 Speaker 4: It's okay, We'll take all your organs, no excuse, no questions. 602 00:38:00,480 --> 00:38:03,399 Speaker 2: Because of the pandemic, the family wasn't able to gather 603 00:38:03,560 --> 00:38:13,279 Speaker 2: for the NNI's funeral when she passed away in May, 604 00:38:13,600 --> 00:38:17,200 Speaker 2: but they did gather a year later last May at 605 00:38:17,200 --> 00:38:21,120 Speaker 2: Sanatanasius Church in Brooklyn, a big red brick building in 606 00:38:21,239 --> 00:38:36,719 Speaker 2: Dyker Heights, the area where the family lives. There was 607 00:38:36,760 --> 00:38:39,239 Speaker 2: something else Daniela had been able to talk about with 608 00:38:39,320 --> 00:38:43,480 Speaker 2: her mother before she died. What she wanted her funeral 609 00:38:43,560 --> 00:38:44,080 Speaker 2: to look like. 610 00:38:44,680 --> 00:38:48,480 Speaker 4: She wanted us to wear pink at her funeral, pink 611 00:38:48,520 --> 00:38:51,800 Speaker 4: and white. She didn't want to see us in black. 612 00:38:52,200 --> 00:38:53,520 Speaker 4: Nobody could wear black. 613 00:38:55,719 --> 00:38:59,040 Speaker 2: Danilla wore a pale pink blouse and white pants, and 614 00:38:59,120 --> 00:39:02,160 Speaker 2: her daughter make Eila wore a pink sweater with a 615 00:39:02,239 --> 00:39:03,600 Speaker 2: hummingbird on her chest. 616 00:39:15,320 --> 00:39:29,720 Speaker 4: She wanted mariachis and to make sure that she looked 617 00:39:29,719 --> 00:39:48,879 Speaker 4: good and and with this and that was one thing 618 00:39:48,920 --> 00:39:52,560 Speaker 4: that I was grew up with and cho the show 619 00:39:52,680 --> 00:39:55,160 Speaker 4: must come on. It doesn't matter how bad you feel, 620 00:39:55,520 --> 00:39:59,040 Speaker 4: oh like, how things are going for you, just keep going. 621 00:40:21,200 --> 00:40:21,440 Speaker 5: With it. 622 00:40:21,520 --> 00:40:26,560 Speaker 2: In his passing, Daniella's caregiving responsibilities dwindled. She now had 623 00:40:26,600 --> 00:40:30,200 Speaker 2: time to focus on her daughter, Michaela, and also her community. 624 00:40:31,160 --> 00:40:33,799 Speaker 2: In the summer of twenty twenty, Daniela went back to 625 00:40:33,920 --> 00:40:36,480 Speaker 2: organizing with the National Domestic Workers Alliance. 626 00:40:37,440 --> 00:40:42,320 Speaker 3: My name is Daniela and the New York chapter organizer 627 00:40:42,680 --> 00:40:50,480 Speaker 3: pronounced she and her I Borgos Organis Samos, not Organis Samos, parraconsl. 628 00:40:54,239 --> 00:40:55,400 Speaker 4: Me andres cons. 629 00:41:00,920 --> 00:41:04,080 Speaker 2: It's a critical time for domestic workers. Over a year 630 00:41:04,120 --> 00:41:07,560 Speaker 2: and a half into the pandemic, almost thirty percent are 631 00:41:07,640 --> 00:41:10,640 Speaker 2: still out of work and three out of four are 632 00:41:10,680 --> 00:41:15,920 Speaker 2: struggling to feed their families. Danila's sister, Minerva, is one 633 00:41:15,960 --> 00:41:18,319 Speaker 2: of them. She still hasn't been able to find a 634 00:41:18,360 --> 00:41:22,239 Speaker 2: stable job. In between work. She started studying for her 635 00:41:22,320 --> 00:41:26,000 Speaker 2: GED and recently got her diploma with the goal of 636 00:41:26,040 --> 00:41:29,560 Speaker 2: applying for DHAKA. A work permit would open the door 637 00:41:29,640 --> 00:41:33,120 Speaker 2: to higher paying jobs with better benefits, like it did 638 00:41:33,120 --> 00:41:39,400 Speaker 2: for Daniela, but new DAKA applications have been blocked since July. Daniella, 639 00:41:39,520 --> 00:41:42,000 Speaker 2: on the other hand, is doing all she can to 640 00:41:42,080 --> 00:41:44,640 Speaker 2: help domestic workers stay aflow during the pandemic. 641 00:41:46,040 --> 00:41:49,600 Speaker 3: Participants how many of us are we here tonight? 642 00:41:50,040 --> 00:41:53,480 Speaker 4: We're one hundred and ninety people tonight, plus people on Facebook. 643 00:41:53,960 --> 00:41:57,280 Speaker 2: She launched some online trainings where she teaches domestic workers 644 00:41:57,280 --> 00:42:00,440 Speaker 2: how to use cleaning products safely, and she also hosts 645 00:42:00,480 --> 00:42:02,680 Speaker 2: an online weekly meeting on Facebook. 646 00:42:03,040 --> 00:42:04,480 Speaker 3: Hold on, let me see how many of you are 647 00:42:04,520 --> 00:42:05,120 Speaker 3: own video? 648 00:42:05,400 --> 00:42:07,680 Speaker 4: I see very few of you. I get it. You're 649 00:42:07,680 --> 00:42:08,600 Speaker 4: coming from work. 650 00:42:09,000 --> 00:42:10,560 Speaker 3: Once you get home, make sure you're in a video 651 00:42:10,560 --> 00:42:11,800 Speaker 3: because we want to see you tonight. 652 00:42:12,160 --> 00:42:14,360 Speaker 2: She's also getting back to the streets to protest for 653 00:42:14,400 --> 00:42:19,000 Speaker 2: better protections for domestic workers, and now there's someone else 654 00:42:19,080 --> 00:42:24,080 Speaker 2: joining her, her daughter, Mikhaela. Mikaela is nine years old now, 655 00:42:24,239 --> 00:42:27,360 Speaker 2: and she's so restless that even Daniela has traveled keeping 656 00:42:27,440 --> 00:42:32,120 Speaker 2: up with her. She lost ballet cooking and eating Mexican food, 657 00:42:32,600 --> 00:42:35,520 Speaker 2: and she's becoming an organizer too, just like her mother. 658 00:42:37,040 --> 00:42:43,760 Speaker 7: Kayas me complain in true names. 659 00:42:47,239 --> 00:42:50,319 Speaker 2: On her birthday, Mikaela said that as her gift, she 660 00:42:50,400 --> 00:42:53,480 Speaker 2: wanted to help children who are separated from their parents. 661 00:42:54,080 --> 00:42:57,919 Speaker 2: Mikayela and her cousin Ghaiel Minerva Son are the same 662 00:42:57,960 --> 00:43:02,439 Speaker 2: age and pretty much like siblings these days. The kids 663 00:43:02,520 --> 00:43:04,480 Speaker 2: organize their own protests at home. 664 00:43:04,960 --> 00:43:07,560 Speaker 4: Whenever we don't want to do something at home, they 665 00:43:07,600 --> 00:43:22,640 Speaker 4: have a little protests at home. They make their banners 666 00:43:22,840 --> 00:43:24,879 Speaker 4: whenever they don't want to do homework, if they don't 667 00:43:24,920 --> 00:43:27,719 Speaker 4: want to go to sleep, she knows that if she 668 00:43:27,760 --> 00:43:32,320 Speaker 4: fights high, she will with it, so that's actually good. 669 00:43:32,760 --> 00:43:34,759 Speaker 4: It's good and bad not for me because it gets 670 00:43:34,800 --> 00:43:35,640 Speaker 4: really noisy at home. 671 00:43:42,160 --> 00:43:44,959 Speaker 2: Mikaela recently learned how to ride a bike on her own. 672 00:43:45,560 --> 00:43:48,640 Speaker 2: When she peddled a few yards, her first thoughts were 673 00:43:48,680 --> 00:43:52,719 Speaker 2: for her. She was sure that Elena was looking at 674 00:43:52,760 --> 00:43:57,400 Speaker 2: her from heaven and applauding. She told Daniela, now. 675 00:43:57,200 --> 00:44:02,319 Speaker 4: That my mom is not here, I think I did 676 00:44:02,360 --> 00:44:04,640 Speaker 4: the right thing, and I'm saying it for the first time, 677 00:44:04,719 --> 00:44:09,120 Speaker 4: but I give my daughter the chance to enjoy her aboila, 678 00:44:09,920 --> 00:44:14,960 Speaker 4: to love her, to grow with her as her mom. 679 00:44:15,239 --> 00:44:18,160 Speaker 4: Maybe I wasn't there for her, but I know now 680 00:44:18,200 --> 00:44:20,799 Speaker 4: that she had the best, the best care, like she 681 00:44:20,880 --> 00:44:24,759 Speaker 4: had the best, the best mom. Aboiler. 682 00:44:38,080 --> 00:44:41,200 Speaker 2: Danila and the New York Chapter the Domestic Workers Alliance 683 00:44:41,600 --> 00:44:46,120 Speaker 2: recently celebrated a victory after years of advocacy. In August, 684 00:44:46,360 --> 00:44:49,560 Speaker 2: New York City included domestic workers in its human rights law, 685 00:44:49,920 --> 00:44:55,360 Speaker 2: providing basic protections against discrimination and harassment, among others. This 686 00:44:55,520 --> 00:44:58,520 Speaker 2: inclusion in the law will also allow domestic workers to 687 00:44:58,560 --> 00:45:05,880 Speaker 2: seek redress if they're harassed, discriminated against, or mistreated. Daniela 688 00:45:05,960 --> 00:45:09,160 Speaker 2: always wanted to make a difference in her community, and 689 00:45:09,280 --> 00:45:11,560 Speaker 2: she says she's only getting started. 690 00:45:37,560 --> 00:45:39,200 Speaker 7: This episode was produced. 691 00:45:38,840 --> 00:45:42,319 Speaker 1: By Marta Martinez and edited by Mitra Bonschahi with help 692 00:45:42,320 --> 00:45:46,000 Speaker 1: from our Latino USA fellow Monica Morales. It was mixed 693 00:45:46,000 --> 00:45:49,560 Speaker 1: by Stephanie Lebau and Julia Caruso. Back checking for this 694 00:45:49,680 --> 00:45:52,840 Speaker 1: episode by Ben Kaylin. The reporting of this story was 695 00:45:52,840 --> 00:45:57,400 Speaker 1: supported by the National Geographic Society Emergency Fund for Journalists. 696 00:45:57,680 --> 00:46:01,960 Speaker 1: The Latino USA team includes and Re Lopez Gruzado, Mike Sargent, 697 00:46:02,120 --> 00:46:07,840 Speaker 1: Julieta Martinelli, Victori Estrada, Patrisa Ulbaran, Gini montalbo Alejandra Salassa, 698 00:46:08,200 --> 00:46:11,960 Speaker 1: Renaldo Leanos Junior, and Julia Rocha, with help from Raoul Berez. 699 00:46:12,239 --> 00:46:15,759 Speaker 1: Our editorial director is Julio Ricardo Barella. Special thanks to 700 00:46:15,880 --> 00:46:20,520 Speaker 1: Claudia Prado and Sofia Selda. Additional engineering by Gabriela Bayez 701 00:46:20,680 --> 00:46:21,160 Speaker 1: and j J. 702 00:46:21,400 --> 00:46:21,760 Speaker 7: Rubin. 703 00:46:22,320 --> 00:46:25,560 Speaker 1: Our digital editor is Luis Luna. Our New York Women's 704 00:46:25,560 --> 00:46:30,160 Speaker 1: Foundation Ignite fellow is Maries Kinka. Our fellows are Elisa 705 00:46:30,400 --> 00:46:33,920 Speaker 1: Ena and Andrew Bignandez. Our theme music was composed by 706 00:46:33,960 --> 00:46:36,279 Speaker 1: Zenia Rubinos. If you like the music you heard on 707 00:46:36,280 --> 00:46:39,319 Speaker 1: this episode. Stop by Latino Usa dot org and check 708 00:46:39,320 --> 00:46:42,480 Speaker 1: out our weekly Spotify playlist. I'm your host and executive 709 00:46:42,480 --> 00:46:45,080 Speaker 1: producer Maria Jojosa. Join us again on our next episode, 710 00:46:45,080 --> 00:46:47,279 Speaker 1: and in the meantime, I'll see you on all of 711 00:46:47,320 --> 00:46:48,040 Speaker 1: our social media. 712 00:46:48,239 --> 00:46:49,480 Speaker 7: Hi loos, BeO II. 713 00:46:53,120 --> 00:46:56,160 Speaker 10: Funding for Latino USA is coverage of a culture of 714 00:46:56,239 --> 00:46:58,799 Speaker 10: health is made possible in part by a grant from 715 00:46:58,840 --> 00:47:03,240 Speaker 10: the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Latino USA is made possible 716 00:47:03,239 --> 00:47:05,920 Speaker 10: in part by the John D. And Catherine T. MacArthur 717 00:47:05,960 --> 00:47:10,920 Speaker 10: Foundation and the Ford Foundation, working with visionaries on the 718 00:47:10,920 --> 00:47:13,160 Speaker 10: front lines of social change worldwide. 719 00:47:16,800 --> 00:47:19,200 Speaker 4: No, but your English is perfect. I don't know what 720 00:47:19,239 --> 00:47:21,360 Speaker 4: you're talking about. It's better than mine.