1 00:00:01,160 --> 00:00:04,120 Speaker 1: Welcome to steph you missed in History Class from how 2 00:00:04,160 --> 00:00:13,960 Speaker 1: Stuff Works dot com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast. 3 00:00:14,080 --> 00:00:18,160 Speaker 1: I'm Tracy Vie Wilson and I'm Holly Fry. So we 4 00:00:18,239 --> 00:00:22,919 Speaker 1: have some good news and bad news. The good news 5 00:00:23,079 --> 00:00:27,480 Speaker 1: is today is our New York Comic Con Live podcast 6 00:00:27,520 --> 00:00:30,080 Speaker 1: on the Reynolds Pamphlet, which we're really excited about because 7 00:00:30,080 --> 00:00:31,840 Speaker 1: we had a great time at that show and our 8 00:00:31,880 --> 00:00:36,559 Speaker 1: audience it was just fantastic. Uh. And the bad news is, 9 00:00:37,159 --> 00:00:39,280 Speaker 1: every single time we do a live show, when folks 10 00:00:39,320 --> 00:00:41,279 Speaker 1: ask us if it's going to be an episode of 11 00:00:41,320 --> 00:00:45,920 Speaker 1: the podcast, every time my answer is sure, unless something 12 00:00:45,960 --> 00:00:51,760 Speaker 1: goes horribly awry with the recording. Uh. So the thing 13 00:00:51,760 --> 00:00:54,880 Speaker 1: went this time. Yeah was the time we've always said 14 00:00:55,160 --> 00:00:58,560 Speaker 1: we haven't had to really invoke that phrase. Yeah, And 15 00:00:58,760 --> 00:01:01,600 Speaker 1: something went horribly right with part of the recording, and 16 00:01:02,440 --> 00:01:05,280 Speaker 1: we're not sure exactly what happened. Our team had done 17 00:01:05,280 --> 00:01:08,000 Speaker 1: a really solid sound and technical check before we started 18 00:01:08,000 --> 00:01:11,080 Speaker 1: and everything was perfect. But apparently when we actually started 19 00:01:11,080 --> 00:01:14,080 Speaker 1: the show, something had happened and we were not It 20 00:01:14,120 --> 00:01:17,960 Speaker 1: wasn't perfect anymore. Fortunately, our producer Noel had come to 21 00:01:18,000 --> 00:01:20,200 Speaker 1: New York with us and he was filming the show, 22 00:01:20,520 --> 00:01:22,600 Speaker 1: and as soon as he realized something had gone wrong, 23 00:01:22,920 --> 00:01:26,000 Speaker 1: he jumped over to the soundboard and he fixed it. 24 00:01:26,560 --> 00:01:28,720 Speaker 1: But as a result, the first ten minutes of the 25 00:01:28,720 --> 00:01:37,040 Speaker 1: show in that live recording are not usable. Correct our apologies. Yeah, 26 00:01:37,160 --> 00:01:39,680 Speaker 1: we are really really sorry this happened. This is an 27 00:01:39,720 --> 00:01:43,160 Speaker 1: eventuality we fret over every single time we do a 28 00:01:43,200 --> 00:01:45,840 Speaker 1: live show. I mean we it's kind of ridiculous the 29 00:01:45,920 --> 00:01:47,680 Speaker 1: steps that we take to try to make sure this 30 00:01:47,800 --> 00:01:50,400 Speaker 1: never happened. So we're very sorry that we did. So 31 00:01:50,520 --> 00:01:53,360 Speaker 1: what you are going to hear today, we'll start off 32 00:01:53,440 --> 00:01:56,040 Speaker 1: with a studio version of the first act of this 33 00:01:56,080 --> 00:02:00,480 Speaker 1: story to replace the unusable audio with what we're basically 34 00:02:00,520 --> 00:02:04,520 Speaker 1: having a do over on, and then after our first 35 00:02:04,560 --> 00:02:07,080 Speaker 1: break for a sponsor, we will join the New York show, 36 00:02:07,080 --> 00:02:10,360 Speaker 1: which at that point will already be in progress. So 37 00:02:11,800 --> 00:02:13,560 Speaker 1: not how to get into the show, our little do 38 00:02:13,720 --> 00:02:17,120 Speaker 1: over that we're having our mulligan, so to speak, Uh, 39 00:02:17,160 --> 00:02:21,200 Speaker 1: not hercules mulligan. That's a different thing. As anyone who 40 00:02:21,200 --> 00:02:25,200 Speaker 1: has seen or listened to Hamilton's knows, Alexander Hamilton had 41 00:02:25,200 --> 00:02:27,360 Speaker 1: a torrid affair and he wrote it down in a 42 00:02:27,440 --> 00:02:31,359 Speaker 1: document that came to be known as the Reynolds pamphlet. Today, 43 00:02:31,400 --> 00:02:33,880 Speaker 1: most folks probably imagine a pamphlet is like a piece 44 00:02:33,919 --> 00:02:37,079 Speaker 1: of paper that's printed front and back and folded, maybe 45 00:02:37,080 --> 00:02:40,320 Speaker 1: like a little triptych, or maybe two pieces of paper 46 00:02:40,480 --> 00:02:43,720 Speaker 1: that are saddle stapled. But this is not that. It 47 00:02:43,840 --> 00:02:46,720 Speaker 1: is incredibly long and wordy, uh And it can be 48 00:02:46,720 --> 00:02:49,600 Speaker 1: hard to imagine what would drive somebody to write such 49 00:02:49,639 --> 00:02:52,040 Speaker 1: a thing. And I have read it so that you 50 00:02:52,080 --> 00:02:54,200 Speaker 1: do not have to. And that is what we are 51 00:02:54,200 --> 00:02:56,440 Speaker 1: going to talk about today. And we said this a 52 00:02:56,440 --> 00:02:58,800 Speaker 1: lot while we were promoting the show, but just again 53 00:02:58,840 --> 00:03:01,520 Speaker 1: to clarify up front, there's nothing graphic in here. But 54 00:03:01,600 --> 00:03:04,040 Speaker 1: it is about a political sex scandal. So judge for 55 00:03:04,080 --> 00:03:07,440 Speaker 1: yourself whether it is appropriate for your kids or students, 56 00:03:07,480 --> 00:03:09,799 Speaker 1: any of the younger history buffs that you listen with. 57 00:03:10,760 --> 00:03:15,240 Speaker 1: In the summer of twenty three, year old Maria Reynolds 58 00:03:15,280 --> 00:03:18,600 Speaker 1: came to the Philadelphia home of Alexander Hamilton's, who was 59 00:03:18,639 --> 00:03:21,120 Speaker 1: in his mid thirties and he was serving as U 60 00:03:21,240 --> 00:03:25,119 Speaker 1: S Secretary of the Treasury. Hamilton's and his wife, Elizabeth 61 00:03:25,120 --> 00:03:27,880 Speaker 1: Skyler Hamilton's had been married for about ten years at 62 00:03:27,919 --> 00:03:31,359 Speaker 1: this point, but at this particular time, she and the 63 00:03:31,400 --> 00:03:36,320 Speaker 1: Hamilton's children were away in Albany visiting family. As Hamilton's 64 00:03:36,360 --> 00:03:40,400 Speaker 1: himself would later describe it, the Reynolds claimed that her 65 00:03:40,440 --> 00:03:43,720 Speaker 1: husband had abused her and then abandoned her for another woman, 66 00:03:43,840 --> 00:03:46,080 Speaker 1: and she said she was originally from New York and 67 00:03:46,160 --> 00:03:48,440 Speaker 1: she was coming to Hamilton's for help because he was 68 00:03:48,480 --> 00:03:51,720 Speaker 1: a citizen of New York too, and she thought maybe 69 00:03:51,760 --> 00:03:53,600 Speaker 1: he could loan her some money so that she could 70 00:03:53,640 --> 00:03:56,200 Speaker 1: get back to her family and her friends in New York. 71 00:03:56,920 --> 00:03:59,960 Speaker 1: Hamilton's wanted to help. He was known for trying to 72 00:04:00,080 --> 00:04:02,280 Speaker 1: help people in need, which might have been another reason 73 00:04:02,320 --> 00:04:05,560 Speaker 1: why Reynolds decided that he was the man to assist her, 74 00:04:05,640 --> 00:04:08,560 Speaker 1: in addition to also both being from New York. But 75 00:04:08,640 --> 00:04:10,680 Speaker 1: he didn't have any funds on him at the time 76 00:04:10,720 --> 00:04:13,440 Speaker 1: that he could give her, so he asked where she lived, 77 00:04:13,680 --> 00:04:16,400 Speaker 1: and he promised to visit in the evening. True to 78 00:04:16,520 --> 00:04:20,279 Speaker 1: his word, he stopped by with a bank note. But 79 00:04:20,880 --> 00:04:24,240 Speaker 1: when I got there, she took him up to the bedroom, and, 80 00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:28,839 Speaker 1: in Hamilton's words quote, some conversation ensued, from which it 81 00:04:28,880 --> 00:04:33,600 Speaker 1: was quickly apparent that other than pecuniary consolation would be acceptable, 82 00:04:34,640 --> 00:04:38,080 Speaker 1: and They went on with their other than pecuniary consolation 83 00:04:38,240 --> 00:04:40,800 Speaker 1: for the rest of the summer and into the fall. 84 00:04:42,360 --> 00:04:44,840 Speaker 1: By the time Mrs Hamilton's and the children came back, 85 00:04:44,920 --> 00:04:47,840 Speaker 1: it seems like the affair had pretty much ended, and 86 00:04:47,960 --> 00:04:51,520 Speaker 1: somewhere along the way James Reynolds came back into his 87 00:04:51,600 --> 00:04:56,240 Speaker 1: wife's life as well. Things are apparently quiet until December, 88 00:04:58,480 --> 00:05:03,760 Speaker 1: when Maria Reynolds at Hamilton's This letter Colonel Hamilton's. Dear Sir, 89 00:05:04,279 --> 00:05:06,320 Speaker 1: I have not time to tell you the cause of 90 00:05:06,320 --> 00:05:09,880 Speaker 1: my present troubles, only that Mr has wrote you wrote 91 00:05:09,880 --> 00:05:11,960 Speaker 1: to you this morning, and I know not whether you 92 00:05:12,000 --> 00:05:14,480 Speaker 1: have got the letter or not. And he has swore 93 00:05:14,560 --> 00:05:16,320 Speaker 1: that if you do not answer it, or if he 94 00:05:16,360 --> 00:05:19,240 Speaker 1: does not see or hear from you today, he will 95 00:05:19,240 --> 00:05:22,320 Speaker 1: write Mrs Hamilton's. He has just gone out, and I 96 00:05:22,360 --> 00:05:24,719 Speaker 1: am alone. I think you had better come here one 97 00:05:24,800 --> 00:05:27,839 Speaker 1: moment that you may know the cause. Then you will 98 00:05:27,920 --> 00:05:30,640 Speaker 1: the better know how to act. Oh my God, I 99 00:05:30,680 --> 00:05:33,480 Speaker 1: feel more for you than myself, and wish I had 100 00:05:33,560 --> 00:05:36,480 Speaker 1: never been born to give you so much unhappiness. Do 101 00:05:36,560 --> 00:05:39,240 Speaker 1: not write to him, no, not a line, but come 102 00:05:39,320 --> 00:05:42,479 Speaker 1: here soon. Do not send or leave anything in his 103 00:05:42,560 --> 00:05:48,320 Speaker 1: power so that sounded like several sentences, but just to 104 00:05:48,360 --> 00:05:53,919 Speaker 1: be clear, beginning with he has just gone out to 105 00:05:54,040 --> 00:05:58,120 Speaker 1: the end. That is all written as one sentence. And 106 00:05:58,200 --> 00:06:01,120 Speaker 1: in spite of Maria's warning him not to, Hamilton's sent 107 00:06:01,240 --> 00:06:03,720 Speaker 1: James Reynolds a note saying to call on him in 108 00:06:03,800 --> 00:06:06,520 Speaker 1: his office, But at that point James Reynolds had actually 109 00:06:06,600 --> 00:06:10,520 Speaker 1: already written a letter of his own, also dated, although 110 00:06:10,560 --> 00:06:14,240 Speaker 1: Hamilton's didn't receive it right away, and this letter began, Sir, 111 00:06:14,480 --> 00:06:16,640 Speaker 1: I am very sorry to find out that I have 112 00:06:16,720 --> 00:06:19,479 Speaker 1: been so cruelly treated by a person that I took 113 00:06:19,520 --> 00:06:23,599 Speaker 1: to be my best friend, instead of that my greatest enemy. 114 00:06:24,120 --> 00:06:27,040 Speaker 1: You have deprived me of everything that's near and dear 115 00:06:27,120 --> 00:06:30,280 Speaker 1: to me. I discovered whenever I came into the house. 116 00:06:31,640 --> 00:06:34,880 Speaker 1: James Reynolds went on to describe having come home to 117 00:06:34,960 --> 00:06:38,440 Speaker 1: find his wife crying and on her part insisting that 118 00:06:38,520 --> 00:06:41,880 Speaker 1: it was only because she was reading something affecting. But 119 00:06:41,960 --> 00:06:44,279 Speaker 1: then he found a letter his wife had written to 120 00:06:44,360 --> 00:06:47,920 Speaker 1: another man. He had copied that letter, put the original 121 00:06:47,960 --> 00:06:50,640 Speaker 1: back where he'd found it, and then followed his wife 122 00:06:50,720 --> 00:06:53,200 Speaker 1: as she handed the original letter off to a black 123 00:06:53,240 --> 00:06:56,880 Speaker 1: man to deliver, and he followed that man to his destination, 124 00:06:57,120 --> 00:07:01,640 Speaker 1: and he wound up at Hamilton's door. According to James 125 00:07:01,680 --> 00:07:04,839 Speaker 1: Reynolds letter, he confronted his wife that night, and she 126 00:07:04,960 --> 00:07:07,800 Speaker 1: told him that she had gone to see Alexander Hamilton's 127 00:07:07,839 --> 00:07:10,880 Speaker 1: for a loan and that he had taken advantage of her. 128 00:07:10,880 --> 00:07:14,680 Speaker 1: In her heartbroken state, Mr Reynolds went on to write, quote, 129 00:07:14,720 --> 00:07:17,760 Speaker 1: you have made a whole family miserable. She says, there 130 00:07:17,840 --> 00:07:21,680 Speaker 1: is no other man that she cared for in this world. Now, sir, 131 00:07:21,880 --> 00:07:25,440 Speaker 1: you have been the cause of cooling her affections for me. 132 00:07:25,760 --> 00:07:27,600 Speaker 1: He went on to say how much he loved his 133 00:07:27,680 --> 00:07:30,200 Speaker 1: wife and how he was now determined to leave her 134 00:07:30,280 --> 00:07:34,400 Speaker 1: and take their daughter with him. He ended on a threat, quote, 135 00:07:34,440 --> 00:07:37,080 Speaker 1: and I am determined to see you by some means 136 00:07:37,160 --> 00:07:40,120 Speaker 1: or other, for you have made me an unhappy man. Forever. 137 00:07:40,880 --> 00:07:43,440 Speaker 1: Put it to your own case and reflect one moment 138 00:07:43,920 --> 00:07:46,120 Speaker 1: that you should know such a thing of your wife. 139 00:07:46,600 --> 00:07:50,240 Speaker 1: Would you not have satisfaction? Yes? And so will I 140 00:07:50,360 --> 00:07:54,720 Speaker 1: before one day passes me more. James Reynolds sent another 141 00:07:54,800 --> 00:07:58,480 Speaker 1: letter on December seventeenth, which was a Saturday, telling Hamilton's 142 00:07:58,520 --> 00:08:00,480 Speaker 1: to meet him at the Sign of the George on 143 00:08:00,560 --> 00:08:02,960 Speaker 1: Tuesday morning at eight o'clock, by which point he would 144 00:08:02,960 --> 00:08:05,240 Speaker 1: have made up his mind on what direction he wanted 145 00:08:05,240 --> 00:08:08,640 Speaker 1: to take regarding Hamilton's affair with his wife. And he 146 00:08:08,680 --> 00:08:11,800 Speaker 1: said this delay until Tuesday was because he had just 147 00:08:11,920 --> 00:08:14,360 Speaker 1: learned that his sister had died, and otherwise he would 148 00:08:14,360 --> 00:08:18,080 Speaker 1: definitely want a resolution a whole lot sooner. So what 149 00:08:18,160 --> 00:08:20,920 Speaker 1: followed was a series of meetings and letters in which 150 00:08:21,000 --> 00:08:24,840 Speaker 1: James Reynolds sort of dithered about as far as exactly 151 00:08:24,840 --> 00:08:28,480 Speaker 1: what he wanted Hamilton's to do, and Hamilton's became increasingly 152 00:08:28,520 --> 00:08:33,679 Speaker 1: frustrated with Reynold's indecisiveness. Ultimately, Reynolds asked Hamilton's for a 153 00:08:33,800 --> 00:08:36,440 Speaker 1: thousand dollars, saying that he would use it to leave 154 00:08:36,520 --> 00:08:40,280 Speaker 1: his wife and take their daughter and resettle somewhere among friends. 155 00:08:40,960 --> 00:08:44,000 Speaker 1: So Hamilton's sent Reynolds a partial delivery of that money 156 00:08:44,000 --> 00:08:46,760 Speaker 1: on the twenty second, in the amount of six hundred dollars, 157 00:08:46,800 --> 00:08:50,560 Speaker 1: and he sent the rest on January third, but it 158 00:08:50,760 --> 00:08:55,040 Speaker 1: wasn't actually over at this point. James Reynolds wrote Hamilton's 159 00:08:55,040 --> 00:08:59,079 Speaker 1: again on the seventeenth of January, apparently still living with 160 00:08:59,120 --> 00:09:01,640 Speaker 1: his wife, even though he had previously said he could 161 00:09:01,679 --> 00:09:05,880 Speaker 1: not be reconciled to doing so now. He claimed that 162 00:09:05,960 --> 00:09:09,080 Speaker 1: Maria wanted to see Hamilton's, but only as a friend. 163 00:09:11,120 --> 00:09:13,839 Speaker 1: Over the next few months, James and Maria Reynolds each 164 00:09:13,880 --> 00:09:17,560 Speaker 1: wrote to Hamilton's periodically, and her letters read like I 165 00:09:17,600 --> 00:09:21,960 Speaker 1: mean every teenage heartbroken love letter cliche in existence. She 166 00:09:21,960 --> 00:09:25,200 Speaker 1: writes about being too bereft to leave her bed. She 167 00:09:25,280 --> 00:09:28,480 Speaker 1: says things like quote, your neglect has filled with the 168 00:09:28,520 --> 00:09:31,600 Speaker 1: sharpest thorns. She talks about having a heart ready to 169 00:09:31,679 --> 00:09:34,760 Speaker 1: burst with grief and says quote I can neither eat 170 00:09:34,960 --> 00:09:37,160 Speaker 1: or sleep. I have been on the point of doing 171 00:09:37,200 --> 00:09:40,880 Speaker 1: the most horrid acts that I shudder to think where 172 00:09:40,920 --> 00:09:45,440 Speaker 1: I might be and what will become of me. James's letters, 173 00:09:45,480 --> 00:09:48,960 Speaker 1: on the other hand, encourage Hamilton's to visit his wife 174 00:09:48,960 --> 00:09:52,920 Speaker 1: to soothe her pain and then to ask for money. Uh, 175 00:09:53,000 --> 00:09:56,560 Speaker 1: you know, because they were friends. Uh. He never made 176 00:09:56,559 --> 00:10:00,200 Speaker 1: reference to the nature of Hamilton's relationship with Maria or 177 00:10:00,240 --> 00:10:04,640 Speaker 1: what this quote comforting would involve. He distressed that by 178 00:10:04,640 --> 00:10:08,600 Speaker 1: the nature of their friendship, he was sure Hamilton's can 179 00:10:08,679 --> 00:10:12,040 Speaker 1: loan him some small amount of money thirty dollars here, 180 00:10:12,200 --> 00:10:16,840 Speaker 1: ninety dollars there, of forty death that he needed to pay. 181 00:10:17,440 --> 00:10:22,239 Speaker 1: On May second, James Reynolds wrote to Hamilton's and forbade 182 00:10:22,440 --> 00:10:26,199 Speaker 1: him from seeing his wife ever again. He was, among 183 00:10:26,280 --> 00:10:29,480 Speaker 1: other things, really incensed that Hamilton's refused to enter their 184 00:10:29,520 --> 00:10:31,840 Speaker 1: house by the front door, which I don't know from 185 00:10:31,840 --> 00:10:33,840 Speaker 1: my point of view, when you're having an illicit affair 186 00:10:33,880 --> 00:10:37,360 Speaker 1: with somebody, maybe it's better to go in the back way. 187 00:10:37,400 --> 00:10:40,600 Speaker 1: But James is really mad about that, and he said, quote, 188 00:10:40,640 --> 00:10:43,840 Speaker 1: am I a person of such a bad character that 189 00:10:43,880 --> 00:10:46,200 Speaker 1: you would not wish to be seen coming in my 190 00:10:46,280 --> 00:10:49,400 Speaker 1: house in the front way? Of course, if you're only 191 00:10:49,400 --> 00:10:51,520 Speaker 1: sneaking in and out through like the back of the 192 00:10:51,559 --> 00:10:53,760 Speaker 1: side door, it looks a lot shadier than if you 193 00:10:53,880 --> 00:10:59,000 Speaker 1: just go in through the front um. Hamilton's kept making 194 00:10:59,000 --> 00:11:01,720 Speaker 1: these financial pay months, though, fearful that if he did not, 195 00:11:02,440 --> 00:11:06,079 Speaker 1: James Reynolds would indeed tell his wife Hamilton's wife about 196 00:11:06,080 --> 00:11:10,480 Speaker 1: the affair. However, one of Reynolds's requests finally crossed a 197 00:11:10,559 --> 00:11:13,880 Speaker 1: line dated on June twenty two. It was a request 198 00:11:13,920 --> 00:11:16,480 Speaker 1: for a three hundred dollar loan that he planned to 199 00:11:16,559 --> 00:11:21,240 Speaker 1: invest in a speculative venture. Hamilton's response, quote, it is 200 00:11:21,320 --> 00:11:24,960 Speaker 1: utterly out of my power. I assure you, upon my honor, 201 00:11:25,080 --> 00:11:29,520 Speaker 1: to comply with your request. Your note is returned. This 202 00:11:29,600 --> 00:11:33,800 Speaker 1: whole cycle of writing to Hamilton's suggesting that he visit 203 00:11:33,840 --> 00:11:36,920 Speaker 1: his wife and then asking him for money probably could 204 00:11:36,920 --> 00:11:40,760 Speaker 1: have continued on indefinitely, but eventually James Reynolds turned his 205 00:11:40,800 --> 00:11:45,880 Speaker 1: attention and from blackmailing Alexander Hamilton's, onto a different crime, 206 00:11:46,000 --> 00:11:49,880 Speaker 1: which was attempting to defrive the government. He had already 207 00:11:49,880 --> 00:11:52,720 Speaker 1: been into some pretty shady speculative dealings, but then he 208 00:11:52,800 --> 00:11:55,760 Speaker 1: and a clerk named Jacob Klingman, who worked for Representative 209 00:11:55,800 --> 00:11:59,760 Speaker 1: Frederick A. C. Muhlenberg of Pennsylvania, decided to set themselves 210 00:11:59,840 --> 00:12:02,200 Speaker 1: up as the executors of the estate of a man 211 00:12:02,280 --> 00:12:04,320 Speaker 1: who had a claim to be paid by the government. 212 00:12:04,360 --> 00:12:07,760 Speaker 1: And the problem was that man was actually not dead. 213 00:12:08,440 --> 00:12:11,920 Speaker 1: So a third accomplice, John de la Bar, perjured himself 214 00:12:12,200 --> 00:12:16,680 Speaker 1: validating their claims about the estate of this actually living man. 215 00:12:17,559 --> 00:12:21,080 Speaker 1: When this fraud came to light in November of sevento 216 00:12:21,640 --> 00:12:25,760 Speaker 1: both Reynolds and Klingman were arrested. While in jail, Reynolds 217 00:12:25,760 --> 00:12:28,800 Speaker 1: tried to get Hamilton's to help him, and Hamilton's refused, 218 00:12:29,360 --> 00:12:33,440 Speaker 1: so Reynolds started to suggest and then insist that he 219 00:12:33,480 --> 00:12:37,840 Speaker 1: had incriminating information against a certain highly placed government official. 220 00:12:38,520 --> 00:12:41,559 Speaker 1: For his part, Klingman kept dropping hints that his friend 221 00:12:41,559 --> 00:12:47,280 Speaker 1: and co conspirator new things that could greatly harm Alexander Hamilton's. Unsurprisingly, 222 00:12:47,320 --> 00:12:50,240 Speaker 1: this pretty quickly turned in a into a political issue, 223 00:12:50,360 --> 00:12:54,040 Speaker 1: with Democratic Republicans deciding to look into whatever it was 224 00:12:54,160 --> 00:12:56,960 Speaker 1: that Klingman and Reynolds were talking about to see if 225 00:12:57,000 --> 00:13:00,000 Speaker 1: it might be useful to them against their political opposed 226 00:13:00,600 --> 00:13:05,600 Speaker 1: Federalist Alexander Hamilton's. Muhlenberg teamed up with fellow Democratic Republicans 227 00:13:05,679 --> 00:13:08,560 Speaker 1: James Monroe and Abraham Vannable to try to figure out 228 00:13:08,640 --> 00:13:13,000 Speaker 1: what Reynolds was talking about. They were extremely interested in 229 00:13:13,040 --> 00:13:16,120 Speaker 1: the possibility of taking down such a powerful figure in 230 00:13:16,200 --> 00:13:20,800 Speaker 1: the Federalist Party, and they launched a secret congressional investigation 231 00:13:20,840 --> 00:13:24,400 Speaker 1: into Alexander Hamilton's after Reynolds claimed that he knew of 232 00:13:24,480 --> 00:13:28,720 Speaker 1: several illegal financial transactions that Hamilton's had made. Uh He 233 00:13:28,960 --> 00:13:32,720 Speaker 1: also said that Hamilton's had basically forced himself to share 234 00:13:32,920 --> 00:13:36,319 Speaker 1: his wife, which was a claim that Maria Reynolds confirmed. 235 00:13:37,320 --> 00:13:39,760 Speaker 1: So we're gonna get into the details of that congressional 236 00:13:39,800 --> 00:13:42,920 Speaker 1: investigation and we will pick up with the section of 237 00:13:42,960 --> 00:13:45,840 Speaker 1: our episode that was recorded in New York after we 238 00:13:45,920 --> 00:13:51,640 Speaker 1: first paused for a sponsor break that sponsors the Great Courses. 239 00:13:51,960 --> 00:13:54,559 Speaker 1: We love creating episodes to share with you because in 240 00:13:54,600 --> 00:13:57,240 Speaker 1: the process we get to learn so much too, and 241 00:13:57,280 --> 00:13:59,560 Speaker 1: that's why The Great Courses Plus is so perfect for 242 00:13:59,640 --> 00:14:02,560 Speaker 1: us and why you should be discovering it. 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We recently watched Great Minds 249 00:14:25,760 --> 00:14:28,960 Speaker 1: of the Medieval World, which was completely fascinating because it 250 00:14:29,000 --> 00:14:32,280 Speaker 1: looked at important medieval figures, including the only woman of 251 00:14:32,320 --> 00:14:36,200 Speaker 1: her time allowed to preach openly and Europe's first professional 252 00:14:36,240 --> 00:14:38,920 Speaker 1: female writer. So with the Great Courses Plus, you can 253 00:14:38,960 --> 00:14:42,240 Speaker 1: stream as many different lectures as you want anytime anywhere 254 00:14:42,560 --> 00:14:46,520 Speaker 1: from a smartphone, tablet, laptop, or on your television. 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On December fifteen, Speaker of the House 263 00:15:15,760 --> 00:15:21,240 Speaker 1: Frederick Muhlenberg, Senator James Monroe, and Representative Abraham Venable, who 264 00:15:21,240 --> 00:15:23,880 Speaker 1: are played in the musical Hamilton's by Thomas Jefferson and 265 00:15:23,960 --> 00:15:28,960 Speaker 1: James Madison and Erin Burr, confronted Alexander Hamilton's about these 266 00:15:29,000 --> 00:15:32,320 Speaker 1: allegations that James Reynolds had made against him, and Hamilton's 267 00:15:32,360 --> 00:15:34,480 Speaker 1: basically told him everything, that he had had an affair 268 00:15:34,520 --> 00:15:37,160 Speaker 1: with Reynolds's wife, and that Reynolds had blackmailed him, and 269 00:15:37,160 --> 00:15:40,920 Speaker 1: that all these various payments he had made were his money, 270 00:15:41,440 --> 00:15:44,800 Speaker 1: not the government's money. And Hamilton's owned up to the 271 00:15:44,840 --> 00:15:47,240 Speaker 1: fact that he had been wrong to have this affair 272 00:15:47,440 --> 00:15:49,920 Speaker 1: and really foolish to let things drag on for so 273 00:15:49,960 --> 00:15:53,120 Speaker 1: many months, and he basically showed receipts for the whole 274 00:15:53,160 --> 00:15:58,240 Speaker 1: thing there's a whole cartoon that runs in my head 275 00:15:58,280 --> 00:16:01,320 Speaker 1: the second I think about that. Uh. He also said 276 00:16:01,520 --> 00:16:03,960 Speaker 1: he was pretty sure that Maria and James Reynolds had 277 00:16:03,960 --> 00:16:08,280 Speaker 1: actually been conspiring together this whole time against him, like 278 00:16:08,320 --> 00:16:11,080 Speaker 1: from the start this was conceived as a way to 279 00:16:11,200 --> 00:16:14,960 Speaker 1: get at him, and that her original story of abuse 280 00:16:15,000 --> 00:16:17,680 Speaker 1: and abandonment had simply been made up as a ruse 281 00:16:17,720 --> 00:16:21,800 Speaker 1: to get Hamilton's sympathy. So these three investigators later on 282 00:16:21,840 --> 00:16:25,360 Speaker 1: wrote a joint statement which set in part, last night 283 00:16:25,440 --> 00:16:28,360 Speaker 1: we waited on Colonel h when he informed us of 284 00:16:28,400 --> 00:16:32,840 Speaker 1: a particular connection with Mrs r the period of its 285 00:16:32,840 --> 00:16:37,360 Speaker 1: commencement and circumstances attending it, his visiting her at ns keeps, 286 00:16:37,400 --> 00:16:40,040 Speaker 1: the frequent supplies of money to her and her husband. 287 00:16:40,640 --> 00:16:43,800 Speaker 1: On that account, his darressed by them for the fear 288 00:16:43,840 --> 00:16:47,000 Speaker 1: of disclosure and anxiety to be relieved from it, and 289 00:16:47,160 --> 00:16:50,600 Speaker 1: them to support this, he showed a great number of 290 00:16:50,680 --> 00:16:55,040 Speaker 1: letters from Reynolds and herself commencing in early See he 291 00:16:55,120 --> 00:16:58,760 Speaker 1: acknowledged all letters in a disguised hand in our possession 292 00:16:58,800 --> 00:17:00,640 Speaker 1: to be his. So we didn't really say that before, 293 00:17:00,680 --> 00:17:03,160 Speaker 1: but he was disguising his handwriting when writing to this woman, 294 00:17:04,320 --> 00:17:08,160 Speaker 1: we left him under an impression our suspicions were removed, 295 00:17:09,000 --> 00:17:11,640 Speaker 1: and that would have been that, But of course it's not. 296 00:17:12,480 --> 00:17:17,480 Speaker 1: James Monroe had, apparently without the knowledge of Muhlenberg and Venable, 297 00:17:17,680 --> 00:17:20,760 Speaker 1: made copies of those letters, which he gave to another 298 00:17:20,920 --> 00:17:28,680 Speaker 1: prominent Democratic Republican, Thomas Jefferson, whoever just said oh, no, 299 00:17:28,840 --> 00:17:34,720 Speaker 1: I love you. Uh. It's possible that John Beckley, who 300 00:17:34,760 --> 00:17:37,480 Speaker 1: was Clerk of the House of Representatives, also made a 301 00:17:37,520 --> 00:17:41,119 Speaker 1: copy during the investigation, and over the next few years, 302 00:17:41,160 --> 00:17:44,800 Speaker 1: these copies of these letters kind of lurked and hung around, 303 00:17:45,160 --> 00:17:49,959 Speaker 1: and rumors variously circulated about Hamilton's maybe having had some 304 00:17:50,080 --> 00:17:53,879 Speaker 1: kind of dalliance. So, in addition to these vague hints 305 00:17:54,000 --> 00:17:58,240 Speaker 1: of some kind of extramarital goings on, Hamilton's also received 306 00:17:58,280 --> 00:18:01,760 Speaker 1: his share of criticism and accusation over his actual job 307 00:18:01,920 --> 00:18:04,400 Speaker 1: as Secretary of the Treasury, which he was doing at 308 00:18:04,400 --> 00:18:08,880 Speaker 1: this point in Democratic Republicans in the House of Representatives 309 00:18:09,200 --> 00:18:12,480 Speaker 1: tried to have him removed from office, and the result 310 00:18:12,560 --> 00:18:16,160 Speaker 1: was a document called Resolutions on the Secretary of the Treasury, 311 00:18:16,240 --> 00:18:20,280 Speaker 1: which today are more known as the Giles Resolutions, which 312 00:18:20,359 --> 00:18:24,560 Speaker 1: makes me think there's a vampire slayer involved in some way. Uh. 313 00:18:25,520 --> 00:18:28,399 Speaker 1: They're called that because they were purpose They were purportedly 314 00:18:28,480 --> 00:18:33,800 Speaker 1: orchestrated by Virginia Congressman William Brandt Giles, but really it 315 00:18:33,920 --> 00:18:38,440 Speaker 1: was Thomas Jefferson. And these resolutions alleged that Hamilton's had 316 00:18:38,440 --> 00:18:41,639 Speaker 1: gone against the law, public interest, and the president and 317 00:18:41,720 --> 00:18:44,800 Speaker 1: how he had handled foreign loans and the nation's money. 318 00:18:45,320 --> 00:18:48,879 Speaker 1: And it ended by saying, quote resolved that the Secretary 319 00:18:48,880 --> 00:18:52,000 Speaker 1: of the Treasury has been guilty of maladministration in the 320 00:18:52,080 --> 00:18:55,560 Speaker 1: duties of his office, and should, in the opinion of Congress, 321 00:18:55,760 --> 00:18:58,280 Speaker 1: be removed from his office by the President of the 322 00:18:58,359 --> 00:19:02,800 Speaker 1: United States. The House and Senate both issued similar sets 323 00:19:02,800 --> 00:19:08,280 Speaker 1: of resolutions on January twenty three, seventeen nine. In response 324 00:19:08,280 --> 00:19:11,960 Speaker 1: to all this, Uh, in very little time, Alexander Hamilton 325 00:19:12,160 --> 00:19:16,639 Speaker 1: produced two hundred pages of immaculate documentation demonstrating his innocence, 326 00:19:17,240 --> 00:19:20,560 Speaker 1: because apparently he just was like, here are my receipts. 327 00:19:20,600 --> 00:19:23,800 Speaker 1: They are organized, their indexed, I have a codex of 328 00:19:23,840 --> 00:19:28,520 Speaker 1: what's what here you go it just do that how 329 00:19:28,520 --> 00:19:32,280 Speaker 1: he operated apparently. Uh. And we've also done a whole 330 00:19:32,280 --> 00:19:36,840 Speaker 1: show about the Whiskey Rebellion in sevent and Hamilton's recommendations 331 00:19:36,880 --> 00:19:39,840 Speaker 1: to very heavily tax whiskey in spite of knowing it 332 00:19:39,880 --> 00:19:42,959 Speaker 1: was going to infuriate people and be just about impossible 333 00:19:43,000 --> 00:19:47,040 Speaker 1: to enforce. I love that so much that a duck 334 00:19:47,160 --> 00:19:52,680 Speaker 1: just quacked. Um I do no shade. I love that sound. Um. 335 00:19:52,720 --> 00:19:55,560 Speaker 1: So it wasn't like he didn't have, you know, other 336 00:19:55,640 --> 00:19:59,120 Speaker 1: documented issues of people not liking what he was doing. Yeah, 337 00:19:59,400 --> 00:20:01,879 Speaker 1: it's it's that's definitely not an issue that his his 338 00:20:02,000 --> 00:20:05,760 Speaker 1: Secretary of the Treasure of the Treasury tenure was not 339 00:20:05,880 --> 00:20:09,000 Speaker 1: something that was just universally met with a claim and support. 340 00:20:09,040 --> 00:20:12,840 Speaker 1: He had enemies, for sure, And in seventeen he resigned 341 00:20:12,960 --> 00:20:14,840 Speaker 1: and he went back to New York to practice law. 342 00:20:15,600 --> 00:20:20,520 Speaker 1: But then, uh in the summer of seventeen, political writer 343 00:20:20,640 --> 00:20:23,639 Speaker 1: James Callender published a book which was called The History 344 00:20:23,720 --> 00:20:27,320 Speaker 1: of the United States for seventeen six. And this book 345 00:20:27,400 --> 00:20:30,199 Speaker 1: is very critical of Hamilton's pretty much every time his 346 00:20:30,280 --> 00:20:33,000 Speaker 1: name comes up, and it pieces together a lot of 347 00:20:33,040 --> 00:20:36,080 Speaker 1: the letters, notes and payments as we already talked about, 348 00:20:36,359 --> 00:20:40,520 Speaker 1: but with a much more sinister conclusion. His conclusion is 349 00:20:40,520 --> 00:20:44,320 Speaker 1: that Alexander Hamilton's was using James Reynolds to orchestrate his 350 00:20:44,359 --> 00:20:48,399 Speaker 1: own illegal speculation, bringing in some thirty thousand dollars in 351 00:20:48,440 --> 00:20:53,639 Speaker 1: illicit profits. Also in the book was the statement that 352 00:20:53,720 --> 00:20:57,359 Speaker 1: Hamilton's had debauched Mrs Reynolds, and that she had burned 353 00:20:57,400 --> 00:21:01,520 Speaker 1: Oliver husband's correspondence with him at Hamilton's quest and in 354 00:21:01,600 --> 00:21:03,960 Speaker 1: response to this book, Hamilton's, who we know to be 355 00:21:04,000 --> 00:21:08,320 Speaker 1: a man of few words, very quickly wrote a letter 356 00:21:08,359 --> 00:21:10,960 Speaker 1: to the editor of the Federalist Gazette, which was also 357 00:21:11,040 --> 00:21:14,680 Speaker 1: picked up and published elsewhere, stating that the documents Calendar 358 00:21:14,720 --> 00:21:17,000 Speaker 1: had printed were genuine, but that they had nothing to 359 00:21:17,000 --> 00:21:20,800 Speaker 1: do with any sort of financial corruption whatsoever. He promised 360 00:21:20,840 --> 00:21:24,440 Speaker 1: more detail later, and he set about trying to rally Monroe, 361 00:21:24,680 --> 00:21:28,000 Speaker 1: Muhlenberg and Venable to back him up, since they had 362 00:21:28,000 --> 00:21:32,480 Speaker 1: earlier cleared him of suspicion. But to Hamilton's apparent complete 363 00:21:32,760 --> 00:21:36,359 Speaker 1: total surprise, UH from a political point of view, the 364 00:21:36,400 --> 00:21:40,960 Speaker 1: Democratic Republican reaction to this book was not so concerned 365 00:21:40,960 --> 00:21:44,320 Speaker 1: with the whole stealing the government's money and illegally speculating 366 00:21:44,320 --> 00:21:47,040 Speaker 1: with it part. They cared a whole lot more about 367 00:21:47,040 --> 00:21:50,720 Speaker 1: this allegation of his Eskee extra marital affair. I mean 368 00:21:50,760 --> 00:21:54,480 Speaker 1: today we're like, yeah, of course, like we we live 369 00:21:54,520 --> 00:22:00,400 Speaker 1: in the world today, Yes, yeah, But Hamilton's was shocked, shocked, 370 00:22:00,440 --> 00:22:02,760 Speaker 1: and so he categoried. He he also was sort of 371 00:22:02,840 --> 00:22:04,760 Speaker 1: stuck between a rock and a hard place, right if 372 00:22:04,800 --> 00:22:08,800 Speaker 1: he categorically denied all of the accusations, it was going 373 00:22:08,880 --> 00:22:11,119 Speaker 1: to be incredibly easy to prove that he was lying, Like, 374 00:22:11,200 --> 00:22:13,120 Speaker 1: too many people knew about this affair at this point 375 00:22:13,119 --> 00:22:14,520 Speaker 1: for him to be like, no, I didn't do any 376 00:22:14,560 --> 00:22:17,840 Speaker 1: of that, And if if he was lying about the affair, 377 00:22:18,359 --> 00:22:20,000 Speaker 1: if he were to take that route, then people would 378 00:22:20,119 --> 00:22:22,439 Speaker 1: naturally assume that he was also lying about all this 379 00:22:22,520 --> 00:22:25,520 Speaker 1: financial wrongdoing, even though like that he had some pretty 380 00:22:25,520 --> 00:22:28,359 Speaker 1: strong evidence that he was not, and even though he 381 00:22:28,480 --> 00:22:32,200 Speaker 1: was no longer the Secretary of the Treasury anymore. If 382 00:22:32,359 --> 00:22:34,800 Speaker 1: if people began to believe he was a liar about 383 00:22:34,800 --> 00:22:37,679 Speaker 1: all these financial things, that would ruin his marriage and 384 00:22:37,880 --> 00:22:41,240 Speaker 1: his political career and undermine the fiscal policy that he 385 00:22:41,280 --> 00:22:43,439 Speaker 1: had built for the United States, but at this point 386 00:22:43,800 --> 00:22:46,200 Speaker 1: was basically still in its diapers that had not been 387 00:22:46,200 --> 00:22:50,040 Speaker 1: a country for very long. He probably doesn't laughed that 388 00:22:50,080 --> 00:22:51,840 Speaker 1: part of the screen. So while we were looking over 389 00:22:51,920 --> 00:22:54,400 Speaker 1: these notes, I just wrote gross next to the word diapers, 390 00:22:55,680 --> 00:23:02,000 Speaker 1: because yeah, I'm scared of babies, y'all. I don't. Godspeed 391 00:23:02,000 --> 00:23:04,560 Speaker 1: to those of you that have them, but I couldn't. Uh. So, 392 00:23:04,680 --> 00:23:07,720 Speaker 1: to come clean about everything and attempt to protect his 393 00:23:07,760 --> 00:23:12,080 Speaker 1: political legacy and the nation's economic policy, Hamilton's wrote the 394 00:23:12,119 --> 00:23:14,560 Speaker 1: document that came to be known as the Reynolds Pamphlet. 395 00:23:15,280 --> 00:23:19,199 Speaker 1: He strongly denounced these accusations of financial wrongdoing, and he 396 00:23:19,280 --> 00:23:23,000 Speaker 1: confessed everything that he had done regarding this affair, and 397 00:23:23,040 --> 00:23:26,679 Speaker 1: he once again backed it all up, including reprinting as 398 00:23:26,760 --> 00:23:31,600 Speaker 1: part of it a huge pile of correspondence. Who has 399 00:23:31,760 --> 00:23:36,800 Speaker 1: seen or better yet read the Princess Bride? You know 400 00:23:37,320 --> 00:23:41,160 Speaker 1: how there's a lot of skipping to the good parts. Uh, 401 00:23:41,200 --> 00:23:43,800 Speaker 1: there's a lot of that to do in the Reynolds Pamphlet. 402 00:23:43,920 --> 00:23:51,040 Speaker 1: It is ninety eight pages long, pages more than eleven 403 00:23:51,080 --> 00:23:55,439 Speaker 1: thousand words. So thirty seven of these pages are his 404 00:23:55,520 --> 00:23:57,520 Speaker 1: own account of this whole thing, and then sort of 405 00:23:57,520 --> 00:24:00,119 Speaker 1: the index to the letters, and then the other to 406 00:24:00,160 --> 00:24:03,560 Speaker 1: eight pages, um are things like all of the Reynolds 407 00:24:03,640 --> 00:24:09,040 Speaker 1: Is letters, Maria's being like just very free in their 408 00:24:09,119 --> 00:24:15,439 Speaker 1: non use of punctuation um, and even more weirdness in 409 00:24:15,520 --> 00:24:18,119 Speaker 1: spelling than you would expect from a document from that 410 00:24:18,160 --> 00:24:21,640 Speaker 1: time period. I I were on the show pretty uh. 411 00:24:21,920 --> 00:24:25,640 Speaker 1: We've said pretty clearly like don't don't go around policing 412 00:24:25,680 --> 00:24:31,840 Speaker 1: other people's grammar. But these letters are very particular in 413 00:24:31,920 --> 00:24:34,520 Speaker 1: their weird misuse of spelling and grammar in a way 414 00:24:34,600 --> 00:24:38,280 Speaker 1: that you just feel like there is a flighty teenage 415 00:24:38,320 --> 00:24:43,439 Speaker 1: bird twittering at you and he reprinted all that. Uh. 416 00:24:45,800 --> 00:24:47,639 Speaker 1: And we joked at one point that we were gonna 417 00:24:47,760 --> 00:24:50,440 Speaker 1: do a dramatic reading of the Reynolds pamphlet for this show, 418 00:24:51,119 --> 00:24:52,920 Speaker 1: but it really would not have been so great. It 419 00:24:52,920 --> 00:24:56,560 Speaker 1: would have been about four times as long and a 420 00:24:56,600 --> 00:25:00,119 Speaker 1: lot of mispelling. And even the title of this this 421 00:25:00,240 --> 00:25:04,280 Speaker 1: particular document is really long. It's actual title is Observations 422 00:25:04,359 --> 00:25:08,080 Speaker 1: on certain documents contained in number five and six of 423 00:25:08,119 --> 00:25:10,120 Speaker 1: the History of the United States for the year sevent 424 00:25:11,280 --> 00:25:15,320 Speaker 1: in which the charge of speculation against Alexander Hamilton's late 425 00:25:15,359 --> 00:25:21,280 Speaker 1: Secretary of the Treasury is fully refuted. So, in terms 426 00:25:21,359 --> 00:25:24,200 Speaker 1: of snappy headline writing, I'm gonna give him a D minus, 427 00:25:25,280 --> 00:25:30,000 Speaker 1: but an A for effort for the Hamilton fans. You 428 00:25:30,080 --> 00:25:32,280 Speaker 1: know that part where he's arguing with Aaron Burr, and 429 00:25:32,320 --> 00:25:34,360 Speaker 1: he's like, here's an item ns list of twenty years 430 00:25:34,400 --> 00:25:39,400 Speaker 1: of disagreements. Totally, you mean, sweet Jesus, Like you can 431 00:25:39,440 --> 00:25:42,040 Speaker 1: read all of these things on the internet too, and 432 00:25:42,080 --> 00:25:44,760 Speaker 1: like all of Aaron Burr's letters are like, I have 433 00:25:44,800 --> 00:25:47,320 Speaker 1: a problem with you, Hamilton's here it is. And then 434 00:25:47,359 --> 00:25:51,240 Speaker 1: Hamilton's is like, here are my three pages of like 435 00:25:51,520 --> 00:25:57,560 Speaker 1: really tiny writing of a million things. There you go. Uh. 436 00:25:57,720 --> 00:26:02,560 Speaker 1: So there are also scans of the original document of 437 00:26:02,600 --> 00:26:06,560 Speaker 1: this on the internet and you can read them, including 438 00:26:06,600 --> 00:26:09,320 Speaker 1: all this correspondence between Hamilton's and the Reynolds is, which 439 00:26:09,359 --> 00:26:12,320 Speaker 1: is included in the appendices. And there's this added layer 440 00:26:12,359 --> 00:26:14,760 Speaker 1: of either frustration or hilarity, depending on how you want 441 00:26:14,800 --> 00:26:16,520 Speaker 1: to look at it, because it uses the long s, 442 00:26:17,359 --> 00:26:20,720 Speaker 1: which looks like an F. So it's the charge against 443 00:26:20,840 --> 00:26:23,520 Speaker 1: me is a connection with one James Reynolds for the 444 00:26:23,560 --> 00:26:36,080 Speaker 1: purposes of improper speculation. Uh. Fortunately, the kind people and 445 00:26:36,320 --> 00:26:40,520 Speaker 1: like the archives, like the National Archives or I forgot 446 00:26:40,600 --> 00:26:43,840 Speaker 1: now the name of that actual agency, have transcribed it 447 00:26:43,920 --> 00:26:46,040 Speaker 1: so you can read it without the long esses that 448 00:26:46,080 --> 00:26:51,720 Speaker 1: look like f's. Uh. And Hamilton's begins his pamphlet pamphlet 449 00:26:52,320 --> 00:26:56,280 Speaker 1: with a lengthy denunciation of Jacobinism. This is, of course, 450 00:26:56,320 --> 00:26:59,240 Speaker 1: a term that arose from the French Revolution. Go French 451 00:26:59,280 --> 00:27:03,560 Speaker 1: Revolution UH, the Jacobin Club was a radical political club 452 00:27:03,680 --> 00:27:07,960 Speaker 1: that eventually became increasingly associated with Robespierre and violence and 453 00:27:08,000 --> 00:27:09,960 Speaker 1: the reign of terror. And in the wake of the 454 00:27:10,000 --> 00:27:14,360 Speaker 1: French Revolution, other nations began to use the term Jacobin 455 00:27:14,480 --> 00:27:18,520 Speaker 1: and jacobin is m to describe other political extremist groups, 456 00:27:18,680 --> 00:27:21,080 Speaker 1: and in the US it was a name that federalist 457 00:27:21,119 --> 00:27:25,800 Speaker 1: newspapers used to describe the Democratic Republican Party. So this 458 00:27:25,960 --> 00:27:33,360 Speaker 1: denunciation goes on for a while. He compares Jacobinism to war, famine, pestilence, 459 00:27:33,720 --> 00:27:36,440 Speaker 1: and says that Jacoban is ms political gains are due 460 00:27:36,480 --> 00:27:39,280 Speaker 1: to slander and lies and maliciously tarnishing the good names 461 00:27:39,320 --> 00:27:43,399 Speaker 1: of good people. He defends his own quote unblinished pecuniary 462 00:27:43,440 --> 00:27:46,800 Speaker 1: reputation upon taking the office of the Secretary of the Treasury, 463 00:27:46,840 --> 00:27:51,359 Speaker 1: and then he summarizes some previous allegations of financial UH 464 00:27:51,520 --> 00:27:55,520 Speaker 1: misdoings that he was consistently able to refute, before finally 465 00:27:55,600 --> 00:27:58,560 Speaker 1: mentioning the history of the United States for the year 466 00:27:58,640 --> 00:28:02,800 Speaker 1: seventeen nineties six. After about eighteen hundred other words of 467 00:28:02,800 --> 00:28:07,159 Speaker 1: writing it's a busy bee. Uh. And that's when he 468 00:28:07,200 --> 00:28:09,160 Speaker 1: gets to one of the two bits of the pamphlets 469 00:28:09,200 --> 00:28:12,640 Speaker 1: that are actually in Hamilton's quote, the charge against me 470 00:28:12,920 --> 00:28:15,520 Speaker 1: is a connection with one James Reynolds for purposes of 471 00:28:15,560 --> 00:28:19,800 Speaker 1: improper pecuniary speculation. My real crime is an amorous connection 472 00:28:19,840 --> 00:28:23,040 Speaker 1: with his wife for a considerable time, with his privity 473 00:28:23,160 --> 00:28:26,840 Speaker 1: and connivance, if not originally brought on by a combination 474 00:28:26,880 --> 00:28:29,720 Speaker 1: between the husband and wife with the design to extort 475 00:28:29,760 --> 00:28:34,280 Speaker 1: money from me. Yeah, Littmnuel Miranda shorten that last bit 476 00:28:34,600 --> 00:28:39,840 Speaker 1: to knowing consent and also left out the word pecuniary 477 00:28:40,080 --> 00:28:43,640 Speaker 1: because it doesn't scare very well. So uh. Hamilton's says 478 00:28:43,640 --> 00:28:46,080 Speaker 1: that he can't make this confession without a blush. He 479 00:28:46,120 --> 00:28:48,440 Speaker 1: asks for forgiveness for even having to talk about it 480 00:28:48,480 --> 00:28:50,440 Speaker 1: in the first place, and then says, quote, I can 481 00:28:50,480 --> 00:28:53,840 Speaker 1: never cease to condemn myself for the pang which it 482 00:28:53,880 --> 00:28:58,440 Speaker 1: may inflict in a bosom eminently entitled to all my gratitude, fidelity, 483 00:28:58,520 --> 00:29:02,120 Speaker 1: and love. But that wism will approve that, not even 484 00:29:02,320 --> 00:29:05,920 Speaker 1: at so great an expense, I should effectually wipe away 485 00:29:05,960 --> 00:29:09,440 Speaker 1: a more serious stain from a name which it cherishes 486 00:29:10,040 --> 00:29:13,160 Speaker 1: with no less elevation than tenderness. And so that is 487 00:29:13,200 --> 00:29:15,920 Speaker 1: this nice little nod to the best of wives and 488 00:29:15,960 --> 00:29:19,719 Speaker 1: best of women who he cheated on with Maria Reynolds 489 00:29:20,880 --> 00:29:24,680 Speaker 1: and is now telling the whole world about in even 490 00:29:24,720 --> 00:29:29,320 Speaker 1: more greater detail than James Calendar already had done. And 491 00:29:29,360 --> 00:29:31,840 Speaker 1: then he walks through all the things that we've already 492 00:29:31,840 --> 00:29:34,080 Speaker 1: talked about, like the whole drama of how it played out, 493 00:29:34,680 --> 00:29:36,280 Speaker 1: though he doesn't reference nine O two one know like 494 00:29:36,320 --> 00:29:40,320 Speaker 1: we did um and he calls James Reynolds quote an obscure, 495 00:29:40,520 --> 00:29:45,040 Speaker 1: unimportant and profligate man, discussing reynolds other attempts to defraud 496 00:29:45,080 --> 00:29:49,320 Speaker 1: the government and his co conspirators on that score, before 497 00:29:49,400 --> 00:29:52,200 Speaker 1: finally getting to the part where a young woman showed 498 00:29:52,280 --> 00:29:54,840 Speaker 1: up at his house one day soliciting these other than 499 00:29:54,880 --> 00:29:59,120 Speaker 1: pecuniary comforts, and then says quote after this, I had 500 00:29:59,160 --> 00:30:02,480 Speaker 1: frequent meeting with her, most of them at my own house, 501 00:30:02,840 --> 00:30:06,200 Speaker 1: Mrs Hamilton's, with her children being absent on a visit 502 00:30:06,440 --> 00:30:15,120 Speaker 1: to her father. No, have you read this, okay? Uh? 503 00:30:15,160 --> 00:30:19,240 Speaker 1: He sums up the situation. The intercourse with Mrs Reynolds 504 00:30:19,240 --> 00:30:24,520 Speaker 1: in the meantime continued and though, yeah, he didn't mean 505 00:30:24,560 --> 00:30:29,240 Speaker 1: it that way, but we know what he means. Uh. 506 00:30:29,240 --> 00:30:33,080 Speaker 1: And the various reflections in which a further knowledge of 507 00:30:33,120 --> 00:30:36,720 Speaker 1: Reynolds's character and the suspicion of some concert between the 508 00:30:36,800 --> 00:30:40,520 Speaker 1: husband and wife were a part induced me to wish 509 00:30:40,560 --> 00:30:44,240 Speaker 1: a cessation of it. Yet her conduct made it extremely 510 00:30:44,360 --> 00:30:49,560 Speaker 1: difficult to disentangle myself. All the appearances of violent attachment 511 00:30:49,680 --> 00:30:53,280 Speaker 1: and of agonizing distress at the idea of a relinquishment 512 00:30:53,600 --> 00:30:57,719 Speaker 1: were played off with the most imposing art. In other words, 513 00:30:58,880 --> 00:31:00,920 Speaker 1: I could not stop how having an affair with that 514 00:31:00,960 --> 00:31:07,000 Speaker 1: woman because she was too sad. I feel ways about things, 515 00:31:07,080 --> 00:31:12,480 Speaker 1: but we're gonna keep moving. We on purpose, they're not 516 00:31:12,520 --> 00:31:15,000 Speaker 1: talking about his wife right Like I feel like when 517 00:31:15,040 --> 00:31:17,920 Speaker 1: whenever there's a political scandal, there's way too much focus 518 00:31:18,000 --> 00:31:19,760 Speaker 1: on what the wife is up to, Like let's let's 519 00:31:19,800 --> 00:31:22,760 Speaker 1: let's just let her have her privacy. Uh. But with 520 00:31:22,920 --> 00:31:28,920 Speaker 1: Maria Reynolds, like her husband was willing to throw her 521 00:31:29,040 --> 00:31:31,840 Speaker 1: under the bus to get out of jail, and Alexander 522 00:31:31,840 --> 00:31:33,760 Speaker 1: Hamilton was willing to throw her under the bus to 523 00:31:33,800 --> 00:31:36,240 Speaker 1: try to get out of political trouble, and the Democratic 524 00:31:36,280 --> 00:31:38,280 Speaker 1: Republicans were willing to throw her under the bus to 525 00:31:38,320 --> 00:31:40,760 Speaker 1: try to take down Alexander Hamilton's and then the newspapers 526 00:31:40,760 --> 00:31:42,640 Speaker 1: were willing to throw her under the bus to sell 527 00:31:42,680 --> 00:31:47,080 Speaker 1: newspaper copies. So like, there are so many ways that 528 00:31:47,200 --> 00:31:49,680 Speaker 1: this whole affair could have started, and only one of 529 00:31:49,720 --> 00:31:55,360 Speaker 1: them starts with her being like a willing, consenting participant, 530 00:31:55,400 --> 00:32:02,720 Speaker 1: not under durest. So I feel pretty bad for her. Yeah, 531 00:32:03,320 --> 00:32:06,640 Speaker 1: I have issues. I mean, I see all of those points, 532 00:32:06,640 --> 00:32:09,719 Speaker 1: like I don't. I do think she was probably manipulated terribly, 533 00:32:09,760 --> 00:32:12,440 Speaker 1: and because she was not a person considered to have 534 00:32:12,480 --> 00:32:14,800 Speaker 1: a position of power that could be lost, it was 535 00:32:14,920 --> 00:32:16,680 Speaker 1: very easy to make her the scapegoat and say, oh, 536 00:32:16,840 --> 00:32:19,280 Speaker 1: there's really no consequence at that point. But I just 537 00:32:19,320 --> 00:32:22,400 Speaker 1: still have that whole thing of like, don't sleep with people, 538 00:32:22,480 --> 00:32:26,880 Speaker 1: you don't that that goes for multiple people in this story. Yeah, Thomas, 539 00:32:26,880 --> 00:32:29,000 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, that's not Jomis. Her person did not have 540 00:32:29,080 --> 00:32:33,840 Speaker 1: room to be talking about anybody else's affairs. But now 541 00:32:33,880 --> 00:32:35,920 Speaker 1: it's time for another sponsor break, so we'll just leave 542 00:32:35,920 --> 00:32:41,960 Speaker 1: that note there. I don't know about everybody else, but 543 00:32:42,000 --> 00:32:44,280 Speaker 1: when I am tempted to snack and all I can 544 00:32:44,320 --> 00:32:47,040 Speaker 1: find is junk food, I am never great at relying 545 00:32:47,080 --> 00:32:51,120 Speaker 1: on my self control. I always eat the junk food. 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So what 570 00:34:05,360 --> 00:34:07,960 Speaker 1: we didn't mention before is that after all of this, 571 00:34:08,520 --> 00:34:12,839 Speaker 1: Alexander Hamilton's and the pamphlet then walks through all of 572 00:34:12,880 --> 00:34:15,080 Speaker 1: those letters that we've talked about and all of their 573 00:34:16,239 --> 00:34:19,760 Speaker 1: various levels of spelling and grammar um, which are also 574 00:34:19,840 --> 00:34:22,560 Speaker 1: reprinted as part of it. This is the second time 575 00:34:22,600 --> 00:34:25,040 Speaker 1: that Holly has seamlessly picked up a thing I skipped 576 00:34:25,040 --> 00:34:29,680 Speaker 1: completely over in a script I wrote, you're not supposed 577 00:34:29,719 --> 00:34:35,680 Speaker 1: to tell them. So Alexander Hamilton was hoping that by 578 00:34:35,719 --> 00:34:39,560 Speaker 1: publishing such a thorough and well documented refutation of all 579 00:34:39,600 --> 00:34:41,239 Speaker 1: of this, that he would prove that he had been 580 00:34:41,239 --> 00:34:45,400 Speaker 1: steadfastly honest with the nation's money, and his only moral 581 00:34:45,640 --> 00:34:49,480 Speaker 1: failing was a private one that related only to his marriage, 582 00:34:49,680 --> 00:34:51,960 Speaker 1: had nothing to do with the nation's money. I sort 583 00:34:52,000 --> 00:34:55,200 Speaker 1: of feel like this is something like I imagine an 584 00:34:55,200 --> 00:34:58,319 Speaker 1: episode of Scandal where Olivia Pope came over and was like, 585 00:34:58,440 --> 00:35:01,799 Speaker 1: you gotta get ahead of this, but he didn't. He 586 00:35:01,840 --> 00:35:05,520 Speaker 1: didn't get ahead of it very well, no, because instead 587 00:35:05,600 --> 00:35:08,280 Speaker 1: the confession that he laid out in the Reynolds pamphlet 588 00:35:08,520 --> 00:35:13,080 Speaker 1: really really damaged his reputation. News papers picked it up 589 00:35:13,120 --> 00:35:15,760 Speaker 1: and they printed all of these titillating and mocking pieces 590 00:35:15,800 --> 00:35:19,440 Speaker 1: about it, including poems and songs that were written, as 591 00:35:19,440 --> 00:35:22,960 Speaker 1: well as other jibes. One example in one newspaper quote, 592 00:35:23,320 --> 00:35:26,040 Speaker 1: dear colonel, did you never hear? If you did not? 593 00:35:26,320 --> 00:35:29,160 Speaker 1: I think tis queer that only fools do kiss and 594 00:35:29,160 --> 00:35:34,279 Speaker 1: tell even though they tell their story. Well, so the 595 00:35:34,320 --> 00:35:39,400 Speaker 1: night that's some serious shade. That's These accounts also often 596 00:35:39,480 --> 00:35:43,160 Speaker 1: held up Maria Reynolds as this virtuous and pure woman 597 00:35:43,200 --> 00:35:46,600 Speaker 1: of impeccable character who Hamilton's had basically come along and 598 00:35:46,640 --> 00:35:50,120 Speaker 1: wronged and ruined, and like this was a sort of 599 00:35:50,160 --> 00:35:52,840 Speaker 1: a theme that drew a lot from romantic fiction that 600 00:35:52,880 --> 00:35:54,759 Speaker 1: was really popular at the time. They kind of were 601 00:35:54,760 --> 00:35:56,840 Speaker 1: setting it up playing along the same ways as like 602 00:35:56,920 --> 00:35:59,640 Speaker 1: kind of the more scandalous Bodis Rapery kind of novels, 603 00:36:00,880 --> 00:36:04,319 Speaker 1: but like they literally had her letters she wrote to 604 00:36:04,400 --> 00:36:07,160 Speaker 1: him in front of them when they were writing these things, 605 00:36:07,320 --> 00:36:13,000 Speaker 1: and like we said before, like there they're full of mistakes, uh, 606 00:36:13,280 --> 00:36:16,879 Speaker 1: like really full of mistakes. They don't sound as full 607 00:36:16,920 --> 00:36:18,759 Speaker 1: of mistakes in the bits that we read because I 608 00:36:18,800 --> 00:36:20,560 Speaker 1: had to like clean up the typing because we were 609 00:36:20,600 --> 00:36:22,280 Speaker 1: going to read them in front of you on stage 610 00:36:22,800 --> 00:36:24,200 Speaker 1: and we needed to not be like, wait, what is 611 00:36:24,239 --> 00:36:29,240 Speaker 1: she saying? Uh? But in the in addition to the mistakes, 612 00:36:29,239 --> 00:36:34,200 Speaker 1: they have this very breathless, overwrought childishness to them. And 613 00:36:34,719 --> 00:36:39,800 Speaker 1: when you compare that to his wife, Elizabeth Skyler Hamilton, 614 00:36:39,880 --> 00:36:43,200 Speaker 1: who was witty and smart and actually helped Hamilton's draft 615 00:36:43,239 --> 00:36:46,640 Speaker 1: a lot of his own documents, it's really easy for 616 00:36:46,680 --> 00:36:49,240 Speaker 1: a person to wonder, like, dude, what in the world 617 00:36:49,320 --> 00:36:52,919 Speaker 1: that is your wife? Why are you messing around over here? 618 00:36:53,160 --> 00:36:57,040 Speaker 1: Like that doesn't make sense. Well, that this predicated on 619 00:36:57,080 --> 00:37:00,440 Speaker 1: the presumption that smart as always whip they are most 620 00:37:00,480 --> 00:37:05,680 Speaker 1: attracted to. It's not Tracy. We're gonna have a long 621 00:37:05,719 --> 00:37:10,000 Speaker 1: talk later, I'm gonna tell you all about it. Uh. 622 00:37:10,120 --> 00:37:13,160 Speaker 1: But apart from Maria's letters, which were literally right there 623 00:37:13,160 --> 00:37:15,520 Speaker 1: in front of people who were portraying her as some 624 00:37:15,640 --> 00:37:19,520 Speaker 1: kind of symbol of wronged patriotic virtue, there was also 625 00:37:19,600 --> 00:37:23,439 Speaker 1: this testimony of people who actually knew her. When later 626 00:37:23,480 --> 00:37:27,160 Speaker 1: we're canting his previous praise of her, john Wood wrote, quote, 627 00:37:27,440 --> 00:37:30,200 Speaker 1: I have been informed from the best authority, from the 628 00:37:30,200 --> 00:37:33,279 Speaker 1: authority of her own acquaintances, to have been one of 629 00:37:33,320 --> 00:37:38,160 Speaker 1: those unfortunates who, destitute of every regard for virtue or honor, 630 00:37:38,600 --> 00:37:41,760 Speaker 1: traffic with the follies of youth, and lay their snares 631 00:37:41,800 --> 00:37:45,799 Speaker 1: to entrap the feeling heart and benevolent mind. Such was 632 00:37:45,840 --> 00:37:49,480 Speaker 1: the origin of her acquaintance with Mr Hamilton's, whose unsuspecting 633 00:37:49,560 --> 00:37:53,440 Speaker 1: generosity became the victim of her art and duplicity. That's 634 00:37:53,520 --> 00:37:56,040 Speaker 1: kind of where I want to go, generosity, But that's 635 00:37:57,400 --> 00:38:00,120 Speaker 1: I'm really a harpy about this whole affair. I'm sorry. 636 00:38:01,880 --> 00:38:04,440 Speaker 1: So you know we said before the whole reason that 637 00:38:04,480 --> 00:38:07,600 Speaker 1: these letters stuck around is because James monrou had secretly 638 00:38:07,680 --> 00:38:12,200 Speaker 1: kept a copy of them, and Hamilton's was really really 639 00:38:12,400 --> 00:38:15,440 Speaker 1: angry James Monroe over his role in all of this, 640 00:38:15,600 --> 00:38:19,080 Speaker 1: and it actually attempted to challenge him to a duel. 641 00:38:20,680 --> 00:38:25,720 Speaker 1: This duel was prevented due to negotiations of Monroe's second 642 00:38:27,040 --> 00:38:37,680 Speaker 1: Aaron Burke. Uh And even though this whole thing did really, 643 00:38:37,719 --> 00:38:41,640 Speaker 1: really lower Hamilton's public esteem, and it made him the 644 00:38:41,719 --> 00:38:43,759 Speaker 1: butt of a lot of jokes in the newspaper right 645 00:38:43,840 --> 00:38:46,120 Speaker 1: up until his death in eighteen o four. It was 646 00:38:46,200 --> 00:38:49,560 Speaker 1: not a decisive torpedo of his whole political career, as 647 00:38:49,600 --> 00:38:53,760 Speaker 1: it is sometimes portrayed. His ongoing feuds with other political figures, 648 00:38:53,800 --> 00:38:57,160 Speaker 1: including John Adams and Aaron Burr, were a way bigger 649 00:38:57,160 --> 00:39:00,719 Speaker 1: factor in all of that, and his marriage Stu Elizabeth 650 00:39:00,719 --> 00:39:04,160 Speaker 1: did whether this whole affair, even though she does seem 651 00:39:04,200 --> 00:39:06,960 Speaker 1: to have also carried a grudge against James and Row 652 00:39:07,040 --> 00:39:10,360 Speaker 1: for the rest of his life. He died in five after, 653 00:39:10,520 --> 00:39:13,640 Speaker 1: of course, serving as the fifth President of the United States. 654 00:39:14,400 --> 00:39:17,879 Speaker 1: Calendar went on to reprint the story again in sev 655 00:39:18,840 --> 00:39:22,719 Speaker 1: before publishing a different pamphlet accusing John Adams of public corruption, 656 00:39:23,120 --> 00:39:26,280 Speaker 1: which landed him in jail force edition in eighteen hundred. 657 00:39:26,880 --> 00:39:31,160 Speaker 1: Thomas Jefferson ultimately pardoned him. However, it was Calendar who 658 00:39:31,160 --> 00:39:35,680 Speaker 1: famously published allegations of Jefferson's involvement with Sally Hemmings, an 659 00:39:35,719 --> 00:39:38,760 Speaker 1: enslaved woman that he had inherited in seventeen seventy four, 660 00:39:39,080 --> 00:39:45,160 Speaker 1: in the Richmond Recorder. On September one of eighteen o two. Yeah, 661 00:39:45,239 --> 00:39:48,440 Speaker 1: Thomas Jefferson did not have room to be, not a 662 00:39:48,480 --> 00:39:50,959 Speaker 1: leg to stand on in the whole judguty right now. 663 00:39:51,760 --> 00:39:54,960 Speaker 1: He was not on the moral high ground here. Regarding 664 00:39:55,040 --> 00:39:59,640 Speaker 1: the Reynolds is, it's really not a clear whether, like 665 00:39:59,760 --> 00:40:04,080 Speaker 1: j James Reynolds hatched a blackmail scheme that Maria was 666 00:40:04,120 --> 00:40:06,480 Speaker 1: eventually in on, or whether she was in on it 667 00:40:06,520 --> 00:40:09,759 Speaker 1: from the beginning, or whether she started the affair herself 668 00:40:09,960 --> 00:40:13,120 Speaker 1: and then joined him in the blackmail scheme later, although 669 00:40:13,160 --> 00:40:15,400 Speaker 1: it does seem that by the end of it the 670 00:40:15,440 --> 00:40:20,600 Speaker 1: two of them had become co conspirators. However, their marriage 671 00:40:20,840 --> 00:40:26,000 Speaker 1: did not last. They divorced in sevente with Maria being 672 00:40:26,040 --> 00:40:33,440 Speaker 1: represented by Aaron Burr. He's like that rule in comedy 673 00:40:33,560 --> 00:40:36,360 Speaker 1: or if you say it enough times, like it becomes 674 00:40:36,400 --> 00:40:39,439 Speaker 1: funny again. It's just like Aaron Burr. And also Aaron Burr. 675 00:40:39,520 --> 00:40:42,840 Speaker 1: Did I mentioned erin Burr? Hey you guys, Aaron Burr uh, 676 00:40:42,880 --> 00:40:45,960 Speaker 1: And then you know eventually. But after this divorce, she 677 00:40:46,040 --> 00:40:50,239 Speaker 1: then married her husband's former co conspirator, Jacob Klingman, and 678 00:40:50,320 --> 00:40:53,239 Speaker 1: moved with him to Virginia. This is actually the moment 679 00:40:53,239 --> 00:40:56,040 Speaker 1: where I go really not all the times where Aaron 680 00:40:56,120 --> 00:40:58,800 Speaker 1: Burr is like preventing duels and being her liar, but 681 00:40:58,920 --> 00:41:02,320 Speaker 1: the part where she divorces her husband and then Mary's 682 00:41:02,360 --> 00:41:05,640 Speaker 1: the guy that he went to prison with for trying 683 00:41:05,680 --> 00:41:09,480 Speaker 1: to take the government claim of a dead person who 684 00:41:09,480 --> 00:41:15,200 Speaker 1: was really alive. However, we're gonna end with with Maria Reynolds. 685 00:41:15,239 --> 00:41:18,520 Speaker 1: She seems to have turned her life around in her 686 00:41:18,600 --> 00:41:23,880 Speaker 1: later years. I will say, as many silly teenage girls 687 00:41:23,880 --> 00:41:25,960 Speaker 1: who write over rought letters. He wasn't a teenager at 688 00:41:25,960 --> 00:41:28,600 Speaker 1: the time, but they so sound like a teenager, you know. 689 00:41:28,719 --> 00:41:32,000 Speaker 1: She turned her life around. She eventually married a respected 690 00:41:32,120 --> 00:41:36,640 Speaker 1: French physician. She joined an evangelical church, the first Reformed 691 00:41:36,800 --> 00:41:40,239 Speaker 1: Dutch church in Philadelphia. Allegedly, she did write her own 692 00:41:40,280 --> 00:41:42,600 Speaker 1: pamphlet at one point tailing her side of the story, 693 00:41:42,640 --> 00:41:44,560 Speaker 1: but it was never published and I wasn't able to 694 00:41:44,600 --> 00:41:48,799 Speaker 1: find like documentation of it. Uh. Towards the end of 695 00:41:48,800 --> 00:41:52,279 Speaker 1: her life, people began to describe her as quote serious, 696 00:41:52,440 --> 00:41:57,080 Speaker 1: sedate and religious. She died in at the age of 697 00:41:57,080 --> 00:42:14,480 Speaker 1: sixty six, and that is the pamphlet. So that was 698 00:42:14,520 --> 00:42:18,240 Speaker 1: the Reynolds pamphlet. Thank you so so much for everybody 699 00:42:18,280 --> 00:42:20,919 Speaker 1: who came to see it. We apologize again for having 700 00:42:20,960 --> 00:42:22,880 Speaker 1: to start a little bit late because the line to 701 00:42:22,920 --> 00:42:27,560 Speaker 1: get in was so long. Uh. I guess that's maybe 702 00:42:27,600 --> 00:42:29,719 Speaker 1: a good problem to have at a live show. I mean, 703 00:42:30,120 --> 00:42:35,040 Speaker 1: obviously no problem will be better, but but it's because 704 00:42:35,080 --> 00:42:38,239 Speaker 1: we have amazing listeners and they were all there up 705 00:42:38,280 --> 00:42:41,360 Speaker 1: and ready. And thanks also for the folks who stayed 706 00:42:41,360 --> 00:42:43,959 Speaker 1: behind afterwards to meet us and talk to us. We've 707 00:42:44,000 --> 00:42:47,360 Speaker 1: talked to so many awesome people. A number of people 708 00:42:47,400 --> 00:42:50,840 Speaker 1: brought us little tidbits to take home with us, including listeners. 709 00:42:50,880 --> 00:42:53,520 Speaker 1: Sophie who we have talked about before, who makes such amazing, 710 00:42:53,600 --> 00:42:59,000 Speaker 1: amazing like dress interpretations of episodes. She brought us another 711 00:42:59,640 --> 00:43:04,440 Speaker 1: uh sile of beautiful drying gorgeous. Yeah. So, and and 712 00:43:04,480 --> 00:43:06,840 Speaker 1: we we a number of folks just just brought us 713 00:43:06,880 --> 00:43:09,680 Speaker 1: little things, the little nickknacks to take home, which was 714 00:43:09,880 --> 00:43:13,440 Speaker 1: so thoughtful and appreciated. Yeah, and we also need to 715 00:43:13,440 --> 00:43:15,520 Speaker 1: issue some thanks as well to New York Comic Con. 716 00:43:15,600 --> 00:43:18,919 Speaker 1: New York Comic Con Presents and read Pop and particularly 717 00:43:18,960 --> 00:43:22,960 Speaker 1: Matt Wizowski, Jennifer Martin, Collette Oliver, and James McNerney who 718 00:43:23,000 --> 00:43:25,880 Speaker 1: coordinated the entire event and they took care of business 719 00:43:25,960 --> 00:43:28,120 Speaker 1: on the day and took immaculate care of us and 720 00:43:28,120 --> 00:43:30,279 Speaker 1: they're always so great to work with. I absolutely love 721 00:43:30,320 --> 00:43:34,239 Speaker 1: the team at read Pop. Yeah, me too. And we 722 00:43:34,320 --> 00:43:36,239 Speaker 1: also want to thank the house Stuff Works crew who 723 00:43:36,320 --> 00:43:38,040 Speaker 1: came out to New York Comic Con as well. Our 724 00:43:38,080 --> 00:43:40,719 Speaker 1: producer Noel was there, uh and and folks got to 725 00:43:40,719 --> 00:43:43,120 Speaker 1: give a little wave to knowl Um. And then our 726 00:43:43,160 --> 00:43:46,319 Speaker 1: colleagues Annie, Christian and Paul were also there and they 727 00:43:46,400 --> 00:43:48,880 Speaker 1: did a lot of footage with Holly on the actual 728 00:43:48,960 --> 00:43:51,880 Speaker 1: comic Con show floor, so you can see that on 729 00:43:51,880 --> 00:43:56,760 Speaker 1: the house Stuff Works website. Yeah, that's churning out. And Uh, 730 00:43:56,840 --> 00:43:59,720 Speaker 1: it was an amazing New York Comic Con is always 731 00:43:59,760 --> 00:44:02,800 Speaker 1: a big, sort of crazy just because of the size 732 00:44:02,800 --> 00:44:07,440 Speaker 1: of the crowd event. Uh, but it's so fun and 733 00:44:07,480 --> 00:44:09,359 Speaker 1: you get to see so much amazing stuff and so 734 00:44:09,400 --> 00:44:12,840 Speaker 1: many cool people and I just love it so Uh. 735 00:44:12,960 --> 00:44:16,000 Speaker 1: With all of that said and my ongoing love of 736 00:44:16,040 --> 00:44:19,080 Speaker 1: New York Comic Con, Tracy, do you have some listener 737 00:44:19,160 --> 00:44:21,880 Speaker 1: mail for us? I have very brief listener mail. It 738 00:44:21,960 --> 00:44:25,719 Speaker 1: is actually about a previous live show. It is about 739 00:44:25,760 --> 00:44:29,799 Speaker 1: our live show from Dallas on Pierre to Coubertan. Uh. 740 00:44:29,800 --> 00:44:32,360 Speaker 1: And it is from Lisa, and Lisa says high History Buffs. 741 00:44:32,360 --> 00:44:35,520 Speaker 1: Thanks for the fantastic work on the Pierre to Coubertan podcast. 742 00:44:35,960 --> 00:44:37,959 Speaker 1: I don't think I could be that coherent that late 743 00:44:38,000 --> 00:44:40,400 Speaker 1: after a stressful day of travel. At the end of 744 00:44:40,440 --> 00:44:42,560 Speaker 1: your podcast, you added a note regarding the collision of 745 00:44:42,640 --> 00:44:45,560 Speaker 1: Nicki Hamblin and Abby Dastino in which they were awarded 746 00:44:45,560 --> 00:44:48,000 Speaker 1: the Pier to Cubertan Metal. This is an error. They 747 00:44:48,040 --> 00:44:52,400 Speaker 1: were awarded an International fair Play Award by the c 748 00:44:52,560 --> 00:44:54,600 Speaker 1: i f P. So then she goes on to to 749 00:44:54,680 --> 00:44:57,640 Speaker 1: talk about us some favorite podcasts and liking that we've 750 00:44:57,640 --> 00:45:00,040 Speaker 1: had some on New Zealand and a favorite being in 751 00:45:00,080 --> 00:45:04,520 Speaker 1: the Gnome Serum run Um and us gives us an 752 00:45:04,560 --> 00:45:10,279 Speaker 1: episode suggestion. Thanks so much, Lisa. His funny thing we 753 00:45:10,360 --> 00:45:14,840 Speaker 1: recorded uh that live show literally the next day was 754 00:45:14,880 --> 00:45:19,120 Speaker 1: that collision on the track. Uh. About a day or 755 00:45:19,160 --> 00:45:22,960 Speaker 1: two after that, there were numerous reports that they had 756 00:45:23,000 --> 00:45:25,400 Speaker 1: been awarded the Pierre to Coubertam Metal, which is why 757 00:45:25,480 --> 00:45:29,400 Speaker 1: we we recorded that um, that little addendum to the 758 00:45:29,480 --> 00:45:30,840 Speaker 1: end of the podcast. We were pretty sure we were 759 00:45:30,840 --> 00:45:32,920 Speaker 1: gonna get a whole lot of email about it. And 760 00:45:32,960 --> 00:45:36,600 Speaker 1: then sometime after that a whole bunch of corrections came 761 00:45:36,640 --> 00:45:40,960 Speaker 1: out being like, actually, no, that was not the pier 762 00:45:41,000 --> 00:45:44,799 Speaker 1: to kouber tam metal um so our efforts to be 763 00:45:44,960 --> 00:45:49,759 Speaker 1: thorough kind of backmard uh. So, thank you so much, 764 00:45:49,880 --> 00:45:55,919 Speaker 1: Lisa for noting that. Apologies for that error that very 765 00:45:55,920 --> 00:46:01,920 Speaker 1: well sourced but later retracted error. Yeah, sometimes it happens. 766 00:46:02,000 --> 00:46:04,080 Speaker 1: You source of thing and then they change it and 767 00:46:04,120 --> 00:46:07,000 Speaker 1: then you feel stupid. Well, and we got that email 768 00:46:07,040 --> 00:46:09,200 Speaker 1: and I was like, well, that's annoying. Not the email. 769 00:46:09,280 --> 00:46:11,440 Speaker 1: The email was not annoying. I was more annoyed that. 770 00:46:11,520 --> 00:46:14,680 Speaker 1: I was like, wow, okay, we recorded that extra thing 771 00:46:14,719 --> 00:46:16,439 Speaker 1: and then that extra thing turned it out to be wrong. 772 00:46:18,920 --> 00:46:23,560 Speaker 1: It happens. So thank you again, Lisa uh. If you 773 00:46:23,640 --> 00:46:25,439 Speaker 1: would like to write to us about this or any 774 00:46:25,440 --> 00:46:28,120 Speaker 1: other podcast, we're at History Podcast at how stuff Works 775 00:46:28,120 --> 00:46:30,960 Speaker 1: dot com. We're also on Facebook at facebook dot com 776 00:46:31,040 --> 00:46:33,600 Speaker 1: slash miss in history and on Twitter at miss in History. 777 00:46:33,880 --> 00:46:36,279 Speaker 1: Are tumbler is missed in History dot tumbler dot com. 778 00:46:36,280 --> 00:46:39,960 Speaker 1: We're also on pinterest attris dot com slash missed in History. 779 00:46:40,560 --> 00:46:43,800 Speaker 1: You can come to our parent company's website, which is 780 00:46:43,800 --> 00:46:46,400 Speaker 1: how stuff Works dot com. You can learn all kinds 781 00:46:46,520 --> 00:46:50,040 Speaker 1: of uh stuff about history. We have a number of 782 00:46:50,080 --> 00:46:54,480 Speaker 1: things about the founders and various things that went on 783 00:46:54,800 --> 00:46:58,880 Speaker 1: during the founding of the nation of the United States. 784 00:46:59,040 --> 00:47:01,080 Speaker 1: Then you can come to our website, which is missing 785 00:47:01,200 --> 00:47:03,560 Speaker 1: history dot com, and you'll find show notes, you'll find 786 00:47:03,600 --> 00:47:06,279 Speaker 1: an archive of every episode we've ever done, lots of 787 00:47:06,280 --> 00:47:07,920 Speaker 1: other cool stuff. So you can do all that and 788 00:47:07,960 --> 00:47:10,040 Speaker 1: a whole lot more at how stuff works dot com 789 00:47:10,160 --> 00:47:16,440 Speaker 1: or missed in History dot com for more on this 790 00:47:16,640 --> 00:47:19,160 Speaker 1: and thousands of other topics. Does it how stuff works 791 00:47:19,160 --> 00:47:31,680 Speaker 1: dot com