1 00:00:11,039 --> 00:00:18,239 Speaker 1: This is a Jesse Kelly Show, The Jesse Kelly Show, 2 00:00:18,760 --> 00:00:22,720 Speaker 1: odd A Monday, and yes I am here. 3 00:00:22,760 --> 00:00:27,520 Speaker 2: We have well, I wouldn't I wouldn't bank on any 4 00:00:27,560 --> 00:00:31,600 Speaker 2: politics this hour. I just did a lot of politics. 5 00:00:32,000 --> 00:00:35,600 Speaker 2: I will probably get back to that maybe next hour, 6 00:00:35,720 --> 00:00:38,520 Speaker 2: I think so. I'm almost positive I will next hour. 7 00:00:38,720 --> 00:00:42,960 Speaker 2: I am almost positive. I promise that I might. But 8 00:00:43,080 --> 00:00:45,680 Speaker 2: here's what we have on tap this hour. We're gonna 9 00:00:45,680 --> 00:00:49,280 Speaker 2: do some medal of Honor Monday. I actually might do 10 00:00:49,400 --> 00:00:54,120 Speaker 2: a teensy bit of history around the Medal of Honor Monday. 11 00:00:54,520 --> 00:00:56,279 Speaker 2: But that's not what history is gonna be on. We're 12 00:00:56,280 --> 00:00:59,800 Speaker 2: gonna do some history this hour, and it's it's gonna 13 00:00:59,840 --> 00:01:04,400 Speaker 2: come back to today. Some lessons about today are political battles. 14 00:01:04,440 --> 00:01:07,080 Speaker 2: I think it might maybe give you a little bit 15 00:01:07,120 --> 00:01:11,840 Speaker 2: of hope, maybe layout kind of a general plan just 16 00:01:12,000 --> 00:01:14,280 Speaker 2: on a battle of old kind of do a lessons 17 00:01:14,280 --> 00:01:17,640 Speaker 2: from history type deal. But that's not what time. It 18 00:01:17,680 --> 00:01:19,600 Speaker 2: is right now, Right now, it's time for Medal of 19 00:01:19,720 --> 00:01:23,480 Speaker 2: Honor Monday, as it always is every single Monday. Started 20 00:01:23,480 --> 00:01:26,680 Speaker 2: the second hour, we do the exact same thing. Take 21 00:01:26,680 --> 00:01:29,399 Speaker 2: a Medal of Honor citation, we read it and I 22 00:01:29,440 --> 00:01:32,680 Speaker 2: want to encourage you. If you have ones you love 23 00:01:33,680 --> 00:01:36,720 Speaker 2: or ones that are special to you for one reason 24 00:01:37,280 --> 00:01:41,200 Speaker 2: or another. Maybe a family member, a neighbor, knew a 25 00:01:41,240 --> 00:01:44,200 Speaker 2: guy who knew a guy, anything like that, email them 26 00:01:44,240 --> 00:01:47,160 Speaker 2: in just this one. You're a fan of, email it in. 27 00:01:47,520 --> 00:01:50,240 Speaker 2: We have a stack of recommendations, so it may be 28 00:01:50,320 --> 00:01:52,600 Speaker 2: a while before you hear yours. That's just kind of 29 00:01:52,600 --> 00:01:54,760 Speaker 2: the way it goes now. But we love that too. 30 00:01:54,840 --> 00:01:56,920 Speaker 2: We love a little personal touch on this one, like 31 00:01:56,960 --> 00:02:00,480 Speaker 2: this one. This one says Hi, Jesse, Chris and Michael. 32 00:02:00,520 --> 00:02:02,320 Speaker 2: See this guy emailed this one back in March, and 33 00:02:02,400 --> 00:02:05,120 Speaker 2: we still had Michael. Now Michael's gone, Chris, we should 34 00:02:05,200 --> 00:02:08,280 Speaker 2: just cross out his name like he's gone forever. What Chris, 35 00:02:08,320 --> 00:02:10,760 Speaker 2: It's fine anyway, he said, could you read the Medal 36 00:02:10,760 --> 00:02:16,720 Speaker 2: of Honor citation for a PFC Martin May. His wife 37 00:02:17,600 --> 00:02:20,200 Speaker 2: was a close friend of my family and he was 38 00:02:20,240 --> 00:02:23,320 Speaker 2: one of my first heroes. Also my girlfriend and I 39 00:02:23,360 --> 00:02:27,160 Speaker 2: really enjoyed meeting you at the Harrisburg book signing last summer. 40 00:02:27,800 --> 00:02:31,040 Speaker 2: His name is Ben Ben, best to you, best to 41 00:02:31,120 --> 00:02:34,800 Speaker 2: your lady, and without further ado, let's do a Medal 42 00:02:34,800 --> 00:02:40,399 Speaker 2: of Honor citation for a mister Martin O. May right Hey. 43 00:02:41,840 --> 00:02:45,200 Speaker 3: Honoring those who went above and beyond It's Medal of 44 00:02:45,240 --> 00:02:53,040 Speaker 3: Honor Monday. 45 00:02:53,200 --> 00:02:56,760 Speaker 2: He gallantly maintained a three day stand in the face 46 00:02:56,800 --> 00:03:00,480 Speaker 2: of terrible odds when American troops fought for possess of 47 00:03:00,600 --> 00:03:08,040 Speaker 2: rugged slopes of Legasuku Yama on Lashima Rayuku Islands. After 48 00:03:08,120 --> 00:03:11,600 Speaker 2: placing this is Okinama, I should point out. After placing 49 00:03:11,639 --> 00:03:17,040 Speaker 2: his heavy machine gun in an advantageous yet vulnerable, vulnerable 50 00:03:17,080 --> 00:03:20,680 Speaker 2: position on a ridge to support riflemen, he became the 51 00:03:20,760 --> 00:03:24,360 Speaker 2: target of fierce mortar and small arms fire from the 52 00:03:24,440 --> 00:03:29,480 Speaker 2: counter attacking Japanese. He repulsed this assault by sweeping the 53 00:03:29,600 --> 00:03:35,000 Speaker 2: enemy with accurate bursts while explosions and ricocheting bullets through 54 00:03:35,120 --> 00:03:39,000 Speaker 2: blinding dust and dirt all around him. He broke up 55 00:03:39,040 --> 00:03:42,760 Speaker 2: a second counter attack by hurling grenades into the midst 56 00:03:42,800 --> 00:03:47,640 Speaker 2: of the enemy forces, and then refused to withdraw, volunteering 57 00:03:47,720 --> 00:03:51,400 Speaker 2: to maintain his post and cover the movement of American 58 00:03:51,520 --> 00:03:55,560 Speaker 2: riflemen as they reorganized to meet any further hostile action. 59 00:03:56,440 --> 00:03:59,560 Speaker 2: The major effort of the enemy did not develop until 60 00:03:59,560 --> 00:04:02,600 Speaker 2: the morning of the twenty first of April. It found 61 00:04:02,600 --> 00:04:06,560 Speaker 2: PFC May still supporting the rifle company. In the face 62 00:04:06,600 --> 00:04:10,760 Speaker 2: of devastating rifle, machine gun and mortar fire, while many 63 00:04:10,760 --> 00:04:14,640 Speaker 2: of the friendly troops around him became casualties, he continued 64 00:04:14,680 --> 00:04:18,160 Speaker 2: to fire his machine gun until he was severely wounded 65 00:04:18,360 --> 00:04:21,080 Speaker 2: and his gun rendered useless by a burst of a 66 00:04:21,120 --> 00:04:26,120 Speaker 2: mortar shell. Refusing to withdraw from the violent action, he 67 00:04:26,200 --> 00:04:31,040 Speaker 2: blasted fanatical Japanese troops with hand grenades until wounded again, 68 00:04:31,560 --> 00:04:36,479 Speaker 2: this time mortally. By his intrepidity. In the extreme tenacity 69 00:04:36,520 --> 00:04:40,719 Speaker 2: with which he held firm until death against overwhelming forces. 70 00:04:41,040 --> 00:04:46,120 Speaker 2: Pfc May killed at least sixteen Japanese, was largely responsible 71 00:04:46,200 --> 00:04:50,320 Speaker 2: for maintaining the American lines and inspired his comrades to 72 00:04:50,440 --> 00:04:54,880 Speaker 2: efforts which later resulted in complete victory and seizure of 73 00:04:54,920 --> 00:05:54,839 Speaker 2: the Mountain stronghold, and he died the next day. So 74 00:05:55,560 --> 00:05:57,520 Speaker 2: I just wanted to touch on a couple of things there. 75 00:05:59,240 --> 00:06:02,880 Speaker 2: This this fighting, this area of fighting, the Okinawa area 76 00:06:02,960 --> 00:06:06,920 Speaker 2: was just incredibly terrible, and one of the reasons it 77 00:06:06,960 --> 00:06:09,479 Speaker 2: was so awful. One of the reasons it was so 78 00:06:09,600 --> 00:06:12,880 Speaker 2: awful was it was so late in the war. This 79 00:06:13,080 --> 00:06:17,279 Speaker 2: was April of nineteen forty five when this took place, 80 00:06:17,920 --> 00:06:22,480 Speaker 2: and the reason The reason the date matters is remember 81 00:06:22,520 --> 00:06:26,359 Speaker 2: the Japanese. You know, the enemy, whoever he happens to be. 82 00:06:26,360 --> 00:06:29,400 Speaker 2: In this case, it was a Japanese. They're human beings, 83 00:06:29,480 --> 00:06:34,800 Speaker 2: flesh and blood too, and they learned too, and they learned. 84 00:06:35,360 --> 00:06:39,159 Speaker 2: They learned throughout our battles in the Pacific. They learned 85 00:06:39,160 --> 00:06:42,960 Speaker 2: what we liked to do, They learned what worked for them, 86 00:06:43,200 --> 00:06:48,000 Speaker 2: what didn't work for them. And Okinawa, because of its 87 00:06:48,040 --> 00:06:52,840 Speaker 2: proximity to Japan, it's right there, they understood that Okinawa 88 00:06:53,040 --> 00:06:56,640 Speaker 2: was really it was really the final chance. If they 89 00:06:56,760 --> 00:07:00,880 Speaker 2: lost Okinawa, all of Japan was going to be within 90 00:07:01,120 --> 00:07:04,960 Speaker 2: easy range of our bombers and their fighter escorts. And 91 00:07:05,000 --> 00:07:07,640 Speaker 2: we were simply going to pound Japan into dust, which 92 00:07:07,640 --> 00:07:09,960 Speaker 2: we did. We just pounded it with our We heavy 93 00:07:09,960 --> 00:07:12,239 Speaker 2: bombed into deaths. And they knew those were the steaks. 94 00:07:12,960 --> 00:07:16,760 Speaker 2: And they learned, they had learned throughout the Pacific that 95 00:07:16,960 --> 00:07:22,760 Speaker 2: trying to stop us from reaching the shore was completely feudile. 96 00:07:23,120 --> 00:07:27,560 Speaker 2: You can't fortify every inch of shoreline, and no matter 97 00:07:27,600 --> 00:07:31,520 Speaker 2: how hard you fortify a shoreline, we are going to 98 00:07:31,640 --> 00:07:36,960 Speaker 2: bludgeon you. With enough naval gunfire, air powered, We're gonna 99 00:07:36,960 --> 00:07:40,280 Speaker 2: bludgeon you with enough stuff, we are getting a shore. 100 00:07:40,680 --> 00:07:43,200 Speaker 2: You can make us pay a price to get a shore, 101 00:07:43,640 --> 00:07:47,360 Speaker 2: but we are going to get ashore. In the Okinawa 102 00:07:47,480 --> 00:07:53,160 Speaker 2: campaign they mastered forgetting about forget about the shore, and 103 00:07:53,240 --> 00:07:56,440 Speaker 2: forget about these stupid Bondzye charges which they were doing 104 00:07:56,480 --> 00:07:59,600 Speaker 2: throughout the war. That doesn't do you any good to 105 00:07:59,800 --> 00:08:03,240 Speaker 2: put your men in an impossible situation and have them 106 00:08:03,360 --> 00:08:05,640 Speaker 2: charge a machine gun nest like it's World War One. 107 00:08:05,720 --> 00:08:08,680 Speaker 2: That's idiotic. It may sound honorable to die for the 108 00:08:08,720 --> 00:08:11,160 Speaker 2: emperor that way, but it doesn't help the cause. So 109 00:08:11,280 --> 00:08:14,760 Speaker 2: let's stop doing that. No more Bonzi charges, no more 110 00:08:14,840 --> 00:08:19,920 Speaker 2: stopping them right at the shore. Let's find the most 111 00:08:20,040 --> 00:08:23,560 Speaker 2: defensible place wherever that happens to be on the island, 112 00:08:24,080 --> 00:08:28,840 Speaker 2: and let's put all of our resources into fortifying that place, 113 00:08:29,760 --> 00:08:32,840 Speaker 2: and let's make them die at that place trying to 114 00:08:32,840 --> 00:08:35,640 Speaker 2: take it back. It's what they did in Ewojima. You've seen. 115 00:08:35,720 --> 00:08:38,000 Speaker 2: If you haven't ever seen a picture of Ebojima, you'll 116 00:08:38,120 --> 00:08:42,480 Speaker 2: you'll see. The one major landmark there is Mount Sarabaci. 117 00:08:42,679 --> 00:08:46,360 Speaker 2: It just it's a big black island, black volcanic ash. 118 00:08:46,400 --> 00:08:48,679 Speaker 2: And then there's this huge looks like a big mound 119 00:08:49,320 --> 00:08:51,920 Speaker 2: and the Japanese they didn't bother. I mean, they had 120 00:08:51,920 --> 00:08:54,600 Speaker 2: their they had their weapons trained on the shoreline to 121 00:08:54,600 --> 00:08:57,120 Speaker 2: try to kill as many as possible, but they didn't 122 00:08:57,160 --> 00:09:00,360 Speaker 2: try to keep us from landing. They turned thing and 123 00:09:00,400 --> 00:09:01,880 Speaker 2: to a ford. They did the same thing in the 124 00:09:01,880 --> 00:09:05,679 Speaker 2: Okinawa campaign well, with a heavy machine gun. And I 125 00:09:05,760 --> 00:09:07,640 Speaker 2: was I was part of weapons platoon, but I was 126 00:09:07,679 --> 00:09:10,240 Speaker 2: not a heavy machine gunner. I was a mortarman. But 127 00:09:10,679 --> 00:09:14,920 Speaker 2: we all learned, and we all knew heavy machine gunners 128 00:09:15,000 --> 00:09:20,480 Speaker 2: die fast in combat. They die fast for obvious reasons. 129 00:09:20,960 --> 00:09:24,640 Speaker 2: If you're taking fire from one, then you are going 130 00:09:24,720 --> 00:09:27,920 Speaker 2: to want to take that thing out. It's pouring the 131 00:09:28,160 --> 00:09:32,360 Speaker 2: largest amount of deadly lead down range. So if my 132 00:09:32,559 --> 00:09:36,040 Speaker 2: platoon is assaulting an area and there's a heavy machine 133 00:09:36,040 --> 00:09:39,560 Speaker 2: gun anywhere, whatever we have to do to stop that 134 00:09:39,679 --> 00:09:43,800 Speaker 2: gun from chewing us up, that's what we'll do. To 135 00:09:44,000 --> 00:09:48,320 Speaker 2: maintain your heavy machine gun for three days with the 136 00:09:48,480 --> 00:09:51,760 Speaker 2: Japanese coming at you again and again and again. And 137 00:09:51,760 --> 00:09:54,400 Speaker 2: that's why they eventually got him, because you would have 138 00:09:54,520 --> 00:09:56,559 Speaker 2: to take it out and he would know that, he 139 00:09:56,600 --> 00:09:58,400 Speaker 2: would know they would have to come back again and 140 00:09:58,440 --> 00:10:00,440 Speaker 2: again until he was dead. You're not gonna live through 141 00:10:00,440 --> 00:10:04,040 Speaker 2: that forever. It really is awesome. And these guys you've 142 00:10:04,040 --> 00:10:06,320 Speaker 2: heard me, you've heard me praise these guys before. It's 143 00:10:06,400 --> 00:10:09,280 Speaker 2: just for me. It's the ultimate act of bravery, the 144 00:10:09,360 --> 00:10:12,800 Speaker 2: ultimate sacrifice to say no, I'll hold the line and 145 00:10:12,840 --> 00:10:17,440 Speaker 2: I'll die so you guys can live. You guys, reorganize yourselves, 146 00:10:17,440 --> 00:10:20,960 Speaker 2: get ready. I'll stay here and die for you. That's 147 00:10:21,000 --> 00:10:24,160 Speaker 2: really awesome, man, It's it's really awesome. And these guys 148 00:10:24,200 --> 00:10:27,080 Speaker 2: are amazing, all right, But that is it for World 149 00:10:27,080 --> 00:10:31,440 Speaker 2: War two talk, because it is time to rewind a 150 00:10:31,440 --> 00:10:34,880 Speaker 2: couple thousand years, actually more than a couple thousand years. 151 00:10:34,960 --> 00:10:38,200 Speaker 2: I want to do some ancient history. That's next. 152 00:10:40,320 --> 00:10:42,560 Speaker 3: This is a Jesse Kelly Show. 153 00:10:43,520 --> 00:10:48,200 Speaker 2: It is the Jesse Kelly Show on a Monday, on 154 00:10:48,240 --> 00:10:50,520 Speaker 2: a Labor Day, and we are getting ready to do 155 00:10:50,600 --> 00:10:53,360 Speaker 2: some history. Except I told you I was gone all weekend. 156 00:10:53,440 --> 00:10:56,640 Speaker 2: We were. We had taken my dad to Florida to 157 00:10:56,679 --> 00:11:00,160 Speaker 2: celebrate big birthday celebration, to celebrate in his life in 158 00:11:00,240 --> 00:11:05,800 Speaker 2: seventy years and all that. And uh so everyone's traveling 159 00:11:05,840 --> 00:11:09,240 Speaker 2: back today. My in laws, my parents, my sister, everyone 160 00:11:09,280 --> 00:11:11,079 Speaker 2: traveled back today. I traveled back today too, I just 161 00:11:11,120 --> 00:11:15,400 Speaker 2: got off playing a couple hours ago. And I don't 162 00:11:15,400 --> 00:11:20,080 Speaker 2: know what it is with women when they're traveling. If 163 00:11:20,080 --> 00:11:22,000 Speaker 2: you're on a group text, which there's nothing worse than 164 00:11:22,000 --> 00:11:27,199 Speaker 2: a group text anyway, they update you on everything. Chris 165 00:11:27,240 --> 00:11:28,800 Speaker 2: is laughing because you know I'm right. You know what, 166 00:11:28,800 --> 00:11:32,160 Speaker 2: I'm right, Chris, I'm not kidding. I have had updates 167 00:11:32,200 --> 00:11:35,560 Speaker 2: all day long of hey, we just landed. Here day 168 00:11:35,640 --> 00:11:39,400 Speaker 2: we've got a long layover. Hey, uh no, Chris. And 169 00:11:39,800 --> 00:11:42,080 Speaker 2: I'm not even kidding, Chris, I kid you not the 170 00:11:42,160 --> 00:11:44,480 Speaker 2: last one I got. I got a I got a 171 00:11:44,520 --> 00:11:48,440 Speaker 2: heads up that we landed and now we're waiting for 172 00:11:48,559 --> 00:11:51,680 Speaker 2: our bags. And I got a picture of them waiting 173 00:11:51,960 --> 00:11:55,560 Speaker 2: for the bags. And so I finally I had to 174 00:11:55,600 --> 00:11:58,439 Speaker 2: return fire, Chris, I had to return fire. I texted 175 00:11:58,520 --> 00:12:01,160 Speaker 2: back just just just a couple of minutes ago, I said, 176 00:12:01,520 --> 00:12:04,000 Speaker 2: I just state a cheese steak. I'm doing my show. 177 00:12:04,440 --> 00:12:05,840 Speaker 2: Just wanted to see I just want to see how 178 00:12:05,880 --> 00:12:07,560 Speaker 2: it lands. What, Chris, have we gonna do that? 179 00:12:07,600 --> 00:12:07,920 Speaker 1: You know what? 180 00:12:08,040 --> 00:12:09,920 Speaker 2: I'm a textan right now while we're on there, before 181 00:12:09,960 --> 00:12:14,239 Speaker 2: we do history here, hold on, just use the restroom, 182 00:12:20,200 --> 00:12:25,120 Speaker 2: all right, quin Now, let's do some history, shall we 183 00:12:25,120 --> 00:12:28,520 Speaker 2: we're going to talk about the Battle of Actium. How 184 00:12:28,600 --> 00:12:30,719 Speaker 2: much do you know about the Battle of Actium? Ever 185 00:12:30,760 --> 00:12:33,680 Speaker 2: heard of it before? History buffs will know, especially Roman 186 00:12:33,840 --> 00:12:36,720 Speaker 2: history buffs. But this is one of those battles and 187 00:12:36,760 --> 00:12:40,240 Speaker 2: the history behind it, what happened before, what happened after 188 00:12:40,280 --> 00:12:42,800 Speaker 2: it one of those things that really changed a lot 189 00:12:42,840 --> 00:12:45,800 Speaker 2: of the world. So I have to do a couple 190 00:12:45,880 --> 00:12:48,400 Speaker 2: things to set this battle up before we do that. 191 00:12:49,679 --> 00:12:52,320 Speaker 2: This is gonna be a lesson. It's gonna be a 192 00:12:52,360 --> 00:12:58,839 Speaker 2: lesson lesson about choosing your battle ground, choosing your battles, 193 00:12:59,520 --> 00:13:03,960 Speaker 2: about being patients when you're not quite ready when you 194 00:13:04,080 --> 00:13:08,440 Speaker 2: have the upper hand, being aggressive, not being patient, taking 195 00:13:08,480 --> 00:13:11,600 Speaker 2: what you can get. And more than anything, probably it's 196 00:13:11,640 --> 00:13:15,680 Speaker 2: going to be a lesson about momentum. All right, momentum. 197 00:13:16,320 --> 00:13:19,480 Speaker 2: Before we get to the Battle of Actium, I do 198 00:13:19,559 --> 00:13:22,400 Speaker 2: have to give you a little bit of a backstory 199 00:13:22,440 --> 00:13:25,280 Speaker 2: to where we are. First, we're in ancient Rome, all right, 200 00:13:25,679 --> 00:13:30,040 Speaker 2: Ancient Rome, and Julius Caesar was not part of the 201 00:13:30,040 --> 00:13:32,280 Speaker 2: Battle of Actium. But I can't tell you the story 202 00:13:32,280 --> 00:13:35,240 Speaker 2: of the Battle of Actium without talking a little bit 203 00:13:35,280 --> 00:13:38,400 Speaker 2: about what happened with Julius Caesar, and the why and 204 00:13:38,480 --> 00:13:40,920 Speaker 2: the players. You know, I'm not going to give you 205 00:13:40,960 --> 00:13:42,960 Speaker 2: too many dates, so I don't do that. It ruins 206 00:13:42,960 --> 00:13:45,440 Speaker 2: a story. I'm not going to give you too many names. 207 00:13:45,480 --> 00:13:48,880 Speaker 2: If the name is not absolutely necessary, I'm not going 208 00:13:48,960 --> 00:13:51,040 Speaker 2: to give it to you. But here are These are 209 00:13:51,040 --> 00:13:53,120 Speaker 2: probably going to be the only names you are going 210 00:13:53,200 --> 00:13:56,200 Speaker 2: to need to know for the story today. Julius Caesar, 211 00:13:56,360 --> 00:13:59,640 Speaker 2: you know who he was. Mark Antony, hopefully you know 212 00:13:59,679 --> 00:14:01,920 Speaker 2: who he was. If you don't, you will know after today. 213 00:14:01,920 --> 00:14:06,280 Speaker 2: Don't worry. Cleopatra. I know you've heard of Cleopatra. You 214 00:14:06,400 --> 00:14:09,959 Speaker 2: might not know some things about Cleopatra. So Cleopatra, all right, 215 00:14:10,320 --> 00:14:17,040 Speaker 2: Julius Caesar, Mark Antony, Cleopatra, and Agrippa. That's a name 216 00:14:17,080 --> 00:14:20,800 Speaker 2: that is not commonly known, Agrippa. So that's only four names, right, 217 00:14:20,800 --> 00:14:22,760 Speaker 2: That's all I'm gonna give it to you. When was 218 00:14:22,760 --> 00:14:27,400 Speaker 2: all this, Just think about Jesus, about the time Jesus 219 00:14:27,480 --> 00:14:29,880 Speaker 2: was born, roughly that time. That's not exact. This is 220 00:14:29,920 --> 00:14:33,200 Speaker 2: actually a little bit before he was born. But this 221 00:14:33,240 --> 00:14:36,600 Speaker 2: is Jesus is about to be born, all right, Sorry, Chris. Anyway, 222 00:14:36,960 --> 00:14:40,680 Speaker 2: let's do a little rewind first, Julius Caesar. This is 223 00:14:40,720 --> 00:14:46,200 Speaker 2: going to matter. Julius Caesar was by this point, I'm 224 00:14:46,200 --> 00:14:48,240 Speaker 2: not going to go into it's not a Caesar stories, 225 00:14:48,280 --> 00:14:51,120 Speaker 2: but he was a general. He was fighting in Gaul. 226 00:14:52,000 --> 00:14:54,160 Speaker 2: He had a cousin. It was a third cousin, but 227 00:14:54,160 --> 00:14:55,840 Speaker 2: we're not going to major on the minor here, a 228 00:14:55,920 --> 00:15:02,040 Speaker 2: cousin by the name of mark Antony. Mark Antony was 229 00:15:02,080 --> 00:15:06,800 Speaker 2: a very, very, very capable commander. How do I know 230 00:15:06,880 --> 00:15:11,440 Speaker 2: that because Julius Caesar, Honestly, the dude is so amazing. 231 00:15:12,000 --> 00:15:14,840 Speaker 2: He might be the best general who ever lived. On 232 00:15:14,920 --> 00:15:17,320 Speaker 2: top of everything else he did, he really might be. 233 00:15:17,440 --> 00:15:19,560 Speaker 2: I'm not saying he is. And you can argue about 234 00:15:19,560 --> 00:15:22,000 Speaker 2: that all of a thousand emails from you history buffs 235 00:15:22,040 --> 00:15:23,800 Speaker 2: arguing with me, and that's fine. You're probably right. But 236 00:15:24,280 --> 00:15:28,520 Speaker 2: he's on everyone shortlist. The dude's amazing, and Julius Caesar, 237 00:15:29,760 --> 00:15:33,000 Speaker 2: during one of the most important battles of his life, 238 00:15:34,000 --> 00:15:38,400 Speaker 2: put mark Antony in charge of the most important place 239 00:15:39,000 --> 00:15:41,880 Speaker 2: in that most important battle. All right, But before we 240 00:15:41,880 --> 00:15:43,640 Speaker 2: get to that battle, I want to do just a 241 00:15:43,880 --> 00:15:47,160 Speaker 2: little bit of background. So Julius Caesar, he's a general's 242 00:15:47,240 --> 00:15:53,160 Speaker 2: powerful guy. Julius Caesar. He has a relative. Again, I'm 243 00:15:53,200 --> 00:15:55,800 Speaker 2: not going to go into all the details of it. Actually, 244 00:15:55,840 --> 00:15:57,720 Speaker 2: I don't think I mentioned the main guy in the story. 245 00:15:57,760 --> 00:16:00,320 Speaker 2: Five names, Octavian. You're gonna need to know the name 246 00:16:00,920 --> 00:16:05,640 Speaker 2: Julius Caesar, Mark Antony, Cleopatra, Octavian in Agrippa. That's it. 247 00:16:05,640 --> 00:16:08,840 Speaker 2: It's five names, right, that's it. Five names. So Julius 248 00:16:08,920 --> 00:16:12,520 Speaker 2: Caesar has a relative by the name of Octavian. He's 249 00:16:12,640 --> 00:16:16,160 Speaker 2: much much younger, he's a child, he's a teenager. At 250 00:16:16,160 --> 00:16:21,880 Speaker 2: this time, Julius Caesar is impressed with this young man. 251 00:16:23,680 --> 00:16:27,920 Speaker 2: Exactly what impressed him, we'll never know, But judging by 252 00:16:27,960 --> 00:16:31,320 Speaker 2: how Octavian turned out, it's not hard to see why 253 00:16:31,400 --> 00:16:35,480 Speaker 2: Julius Caesar would be impressed by his intellect, his cunning, 254 00:16:35,920 --> 00:16:40,600 Speaker 2: his general ability. How impressed was Julius Caesar by this man, 255 00:16:41,280 --> 00:16:49,440 Speaker 2: Julius Caesar made him his adopted son. Yea, but let's 256 00:16:49,440 --> 00:16:53,080 Speaker 2: go to Egypt. Let's first go to Egypt. You see, 257 00:16:53,880 --> 00:16:57,320 Speaker 2: Caesar was in a war. He was in a war 258 00:16:57,400 --> 00:17:02,880 Speaker 2: with Pompy Magnus. Pompy mag was another great Roman general, 259 00:17:03,520 --> 00:17:07,520 Speaker 2: and Julius Caesar had defeated Pompy Magnus in battle, and 260 00:17:07,560 --> 00:17:12,879 Speaker 2: he had Pompy Magnus on the run. Pompy Magnus on 261 00:17:13,040 --> 00:17:18,320 Speaker 2: the run went to the Egyptians for shelter, and that's 262 00:17:18,359 --> 00:17:19,880 Speaker 2: kind of where our story is going to begin. 263 00:17:20,480 --> 00:17:25,359 Speaker 3: Hang on truth attitude, Jesse Kelly. 264 00:17:27,080 --> 00:17:31,200 Speaker 4: It is the Jesse Kelly Show on a Monday, a 265 00:17:31,440 --> 00:17:34,280 Speaker 4: labor day, where we have driven the show straight off 266 00:17:34,280 --> 00:17:36,600 Speaker 4: a cliff, and we are now doing history. And in 267 00:17:36,640 --> 00:17:39,439 Speaker 4: case you're just now joining us, we're just getting revved 268 00:17:39,520 --> 00:17:40,240 Speaker 4: up on history. 269 00:17:40,320 --> 00:17:42,440 Speaker 2: So don't worry. All you need to know right now 270 00:17:43,040 --> 00:17:45,280 Speaker 2: is Julius Caesar. No, this is not a story about 271 00:17:45,359 --> 00:17:47,600 Speaker 2: Julius Caesar. It's a story about the Battle of Actium. 272 00:17:47,800 --> 00:17:52,399 Speaker 2: But Julius Caesar has just defeated his Roman counterpart, the 273 00:17:52,520 --> 00:17:55,840 Speaker 2: Roman general who was against him. The guy's name is 274 00:17:55,880 --> 00:17:58,199 Speaker 2: Pompy Magnus, but that doesn't matter for our time, for 275 00:17:58,240 --> 00:18:01,639 Speaker 2: our purposes here, Magnus was still alive though, when Pomping 276 00:18:01,680 --> 00:18:04,640 Speaker 2: Magnus was on the run. Where do you go if 277 00:18:04,640 --> 00:18:07,680 Speaker 2: you're Pomping Magnus. This is going to play an important 278 00:18:07,680 --> 00:18:12,520 Speaker 2: part in our story. Pompy Magnus ran to Egypt. Why 279 00:18:12,520 --> 00:18:15,280 Speaker 2: would you run to Egypt? What's the point of Egypt. 280 00:18:15,280 --> 00:18:21,520 Speaker 2: Who cares about Egypt? Well, Egypt has the longest, most 281 00:18:21,560 --> 00:18:24,800 Speaker 2: fascinating history of any country on the planet. Is that fair, Chris? 282 00:18:24,840 --> 00:18:28,200 Speaker 2: Is that fair? Maybe China could could make a play 283 00:18:28,280 --> 00:18:31,040 Speaker 2: for that. It would be China or Egypt in my opinion. 284 00:18:31,040 --> 00:18:33,439 Speaker 2: As far as the length of history, well, there's a 285 00:18:33,520 --> 00:18:37,840 Speaker 2: reason for that. Egypt is a central hub for a 286 00:18:37,880 --> 00:18:46,280 Speaker 2: lot of things. Egypt is also insanely fertile and insanely profitable. 287 00:18:47,119 --> 00:18:54,040 Speaker 2: And Egypt it wasn't it wasn't officially the Roman Empire 288 00:18:54,240 --> 00:18:58,080 Speaker 2: at this time, but they were very much a client 289 00:18:58,320 --> 00:19:00,760 Speaker 2: state of the Roman Empire. What does that mean? This 290 00:19:00,840 --> 00:19:05,480 Speaker 2: is going to be important for our purposes. Rome they 291 00:19:05,520 --> 00:19:10,159 Speaker 2: had different ways of conquering a people or colonizing a people. 292 00:19:10,800 --> 00:19:14,760 Speaker 2: Nothing was universal when it came to the Romans. Sometimes, 293 00:19:15,240 --> 00:19:19,080 Speaker 2: to use a very extreme example, sometimes the Romans would 294 00:19:19,119 --> 00:19:24,800 Speaker 2: handle conquests like they handled Carthage, where they simply killed everyone. 295 00:19:25,359 --> 00:19:27,480 Speaker 2: They killed everyone, they burned down the whole city, and 296 00:19:27,520 --> 00:19:31,439 Speaker 2: they vaporized your civilization. The Romans would do that, and 297 00:19:31,480 --> 00:19:35,080 Speaker 2: then they weren't married to that. They had other ways. 298 00:19:35,960 --> 00:19:41,440 Speaker 2: They had places like Egypt where hey, look we the Romans, 299 00:19:41,480 --> 00:19:45,040 Speaker 2: We're gonna be in charge, but we want you to 300 00:19:45,040 --> 00:19:47,359 Speaker 2: be able to have your king or queen or whatever 301 00:19:47,400 --> 00:19:49,439 Speaker 2: you want. That's fine. You know what, you can have 302 00:19:49,480 --> 00:19:52,920 Speaker 2: your religion, whatever you want. That that's fine. We aren't 303 00:19:52,920 --> 00:19:57,480 Speaker 2: gonna need however much grain we demand. When we need troops, 304 00:19:58,080 --> 00:20:00,320 Speaker 2: you're gonna send those. When we need things, going to 305 00:20:00,359 --> 00:20:04,520 Speaker 2: send those. But on the flip side, you will also 306 00:20:04,640 --> 00:20:08,240 Speaker 2: be protected by Rome. You know, this is very similar. 307 00:20:08,280 --> 00:20:10,840 Speaker 2: It's funny because we're talking about Italy really, but it's 308 00:20:10,920 --> 00:20:15,560 Speaker 2: very similar to how the mafia operates. You know, protection 309 00:20:15,800 --> 00:20:19,760 Speaker 2: a protection racket where if you own a movie theater 310 00:20:20,400 --> 00:20:23,000 Speaker 2: and I'm in the mob, yeah, you will pay me. 311 00:20:23,440 --> 00:20:26,159 Speaker 2: You're going to pay me for however many seats you 312 00:20:26,240 --> 00:20:29,040 Speaker 2: have in the movie theater. But at the same time, 313 00:20:29,440 --> 00:20:32,600 Speaker 2: I actually do provide you protection. If you have an 314 00:20:32,600 --> 00:20:36,480 Speaker 2: employee who's stealing money from the cash register, you don't 315 00:20:36,520 --> 00:20:38,800 Speaker 2: have to call the cops. You call me and I 316 00:20:38,880 --> 00:20:42,080 Speaker 2: will handle the problem for you. So that worked the 317 00:20:42,119 --> 00:20:43,960 Speaker 2: same way back in Rome when it came to these 318 00:20:44,000 --> 00:20:46,879 Speaker 2: client states. Okay, so that's what Egypt was at this time. 319 00:20:47,920 --> 00:20:53,200 Speaker 2: In Egypt, at this time when Pompey Magnus was running 320 00:20:53,240 --> 00:20:58,320 Speaker 2: there running from Julius Segar Caesar. It was ruled by 321 00:20:58,359 --> 00:21:00,920 Speaker 2: the Ptolemies. Don't worry about remembering, but it was ruled 322 00:21:00,960 --> 00:21:04,680 Speaker 2: by the Ptolemies. Ptolemy was one of Alexander the Great's generals, 323 00:21:05,280 --> 00:21:08,719 Speaker 2: and his generations after him had still ruled Egypt. There 324 00:21:08,720 --> 00:21:12,119 Speaker 2: were Greeks ruling Egypt, and the Ptolemies were ruling Egypt 325 00:21:12,119 --> 00:21:16,720 Speaker 2: at the time. Pompy Magnus gets to Egypt and says, oh, nice, 326 00:21:17,400 --> 00:21:22,159 Speaker 2: I'm here. Egypt has loads of money, loads of it. 327 00:21:22,400 --> 00:21:26,680 Speaker 2: They have loads of people, they have loads of resources. Egypt. Honestly, 328 00:21:27,040 --> 00:21:31,919 Speaker 2: they're super powerful. They're just still underneath Rome. But Pompey 329 00:21:32,040 --> 00:21:36,480 Speaker 2: Magnus is there to refit rest. They have the money 330 00:21:36,520 --> 00:21:39,480 Speaker 2: to raise an army, they have the people. Pompey thinks 331 00:21:39,480 --> 00:21:45,040 Speaker 2: he's going to have a safe haven in Egypt. Pompey was, however, wrong, 332 00:21:45,480 --> 00:21:48,600 Speaker 2: because the Battle of Actium, which we are talking about tonight, 333 00:21:49,680 --> 00:21:55,480 Speaker 2: maybe more than anything else, is a story of treachery, backstabbing, momentum. 334 00:21:55,520 --> 00:21:59,280 Speaker 2: Momentum is really going to be a central theme the Ptolemies, 335 00:21:59,600 --> 00:22:02,520 Speaker 2: who were ruling Egypt underneath the Romans. Of course, at 336 00:22:02,560 --> 00:22:06,920 Speaker 2: this time they saw Pompy Magnus land on the shore, 337 00:22:08,160 --> 00:22:12,439 Speaker 2: and they thought to themselves, well, this isn't really a Roman, 338 00:22:13,600 --> 00:22:18,639 Speaker 2: He's a defeated Roman. Julius Caesar is going to be 339 00:22:18,760 --> 00:22:22,919 Speaker 2: the clear winner in this war, meaning Julius Caesar is 340 00:22:23,000 --> 00:22:27,639 Speaker 2: going to be calling the shots in Rome. And we 341 00:22:27,680 --> 00:22:31,640 Speaker 2: want to be on Julius Caesar's good side. So instead 342 00:22:31,680 --> 00:22:35,760 Speaker 2: of taking in Pompy Magnus and providing him help and 343 00:22:35,840 --> 00:22:39,800 Speaker 2: shelter in resources, they stabbed him to death right on 344 00:22:39,840 --> 00:22:43,360 Speaker 2: the beach. They just murdered him right there, and then 345 00:22:43,400 --> 00:22:48,200 Speaker 2: they chopped his friggin head off, and they made two 346 00:22:48,359 --> 00:22:52,600 Speaker 2: terrible mistakes. They chopped his head off, and then they 347 00:22:52,680 --> 00:22:56,920 Speaker 2: bragged to Caesar about it. Caesar shows up in Egypt 348 00:22:57,200 --> 00:23:00,800 Speaker 2: in pursuit of Pompy Magnus, and yes they were enemies 349 00:23:00,800 --> 00:23:03,760 Speaker 2: when they fought, but Caesar had a long history with 350 00:23:03,840 --> 00:23:05,840 Speaker 2: Pompy which I won't go into, but they had a 351 00:23:05,840 --> 00:23:08,720 Speaker 2: long history of working together, of being friends of friendly 352 00:23:09,840 --> 00:23:12,639 Speaker 2: and Caesar did not take kindly at all to the 353 00:23:12,680 --> 00:23:19,960 Speaker 2: Ptolemies killing a Roman, killing a friend, and then bragging 354 00:23:20,000 --> 00:23:23,000 Speaker 2: to him about it. So what Caesar did, and this 355 00:23:23,040 --> 00:23:26,520 Speaker 2: will come into play for Our story is he removed 356 00:23:26,560 --> 00:23:31,399 Speaker 2: the Ptolemys from power, and he placed really a different 357 00:23:31,400 --> 00:23:36,440 Speaker 2: Ptolemy on the throne, and her name was Cleopatra. Cleopatra 358 00:23:36,600 --> 00:23:40,960 Speaker 2: was famously a very savvy political operator. She had been 359 00:23:41,040 --> 00:23:43,119 Speaker 2: in a huge fight with her siblings. It was a 360 00:23:43,119 --> 00:23:46,200 Speaker 2: long story I won't go into right now, but Caesar said, 361 00:23:46,240 --> 00:23:51,120 Speaker 2: this woman here, she's now in power. And then famously 362 00:23:51,920 --> 00:23:57,119 Speaker 2: they began a love affair, a love affair that produced 363 00:23:57,440 --> 00:24:00,280 Speaker 2: a child, and that is also going to matter for 364 00:24:00,359 --> 00:24:05,840 Speaker 2: our story. By the time Julius Caesar leaves Egypt, Cleopatra 365 00:24:06,240 --> 00:24:10,480 Speaker 2: is on the throne and she is the Queen of Egypt. 366 00:24:10,640 --> 00:24:15,280 Speaker 2: She is the ruler of Egypt. She is worshiped there. 367 00:24:15,640 --> 00:24:21,040 Speaker 2: She's under Julius Caesar. Chris be appropriate, I mean politically, 368 00:24:21,080 --> 00:24:25,800 Speaker 2: she's under Julius Caesar, but she's still the queen of Egypt. Okay, 369 00:24:26,520 --> 00:24:30,040 Speaker 2: Now Julius Caesar goes back to Rome. You know how 370 00:24:30,080 --> 00:24:34,040 Speaker 2: the story goes from there. Julius Caesar is ruling Rome. 371 00:24:35,000 --> 00:24:38,560 Speaker 2: He is stabbed to death on the Senate floor by 372 00:24:38,640 --> 00:24:44,760 Speaker 2: other senators. Now, now we have Mark Antony and we 373 00:24:44,840 --> 00:24:47,440 Speaker 2: have Octavian. Just to recap for you, because you may 374 00:24:47,440 --> 00:24:52,280 Speaker 2: not Remember this, mark Antony was the famous, very accomplished, 375 00:24:52,640 --> 00:24:58,440 Speaker 2: very capable general under Julius Caesar. And we have Octavian, 376 00:24:58,880 --> 00:25:05,320 Speaker 2: a much much younger man, not at all an accomplished general, 377 00:25:06,240 --> 00:25:11,080 Speaker 2: but a very savvy human being, somebody. Caesar was so 378 00:25:11,160 --> 00:25:15,199 Speaker 2: impressed with that he left all of his money, He 379 00:25:15,280 --> 00:25:19,040 Speaker 2: left his will, he made he made Octavian his adopted son, 380 00:25:19,160 --> 00:25:22,920 Speaker 2: He made him the heir to all of his money. 381 00:25:23,560 --> 00:25:27,320 Speaker 2: And Caesar was insanely wealthy because of all of his conquests. 382 00:25:27,600 --> 00:25:30,040 Speaker 2: Now you have a dead Julius Caesar, you have a 383 00:25:30,119 --> 00:25:33,879 Speaker 2: mark Antony, you have an Octavian. Well that's gonna be 384 00:25:33,880 --> 00:25:37,240 Speaker 2: a problem, you see, because there are a bunch of 385 00:25:37,240 --> 00:25:40,000 Speaker 2: different things going on in Rome and this I could 386 00:25:40,000 --> 00:25:45,560 Speaker 2: do a year long on all this stuff. But mark Antony, 387 00:25:45,680 --> 00:25:49,320 Speaker 2: he had control of Caesar's money, the money that was 388 00:25:49,359 --> 00:25:54,600 Speaker 2: supposed to go to Octavian, and mark Antony didn't want 389 00:25:54,680 --> 00:25:59,160 Speaker 2: to give the money to Octavian. Octavian would beg borrow 390 00:25:59,400 --> 00:26:05,080 Speaker 2: demand it, and mark Antony kept saying, well, no, you 391 00:26:05,160 --> 00:26:10,720 Speaker 2: can't have it. Now. Eventually these two they join forces 392 00:26:10,760 --> 00:26:13,600 Speaker 2: to fight Caesar's assassins, and that in and of itself 393 00:26:13,640 --> 00:26:15,879 Speaker 2: is a very long, complicated history. But we're going to 394 00:26:15,960 --> 00:26:18,800 Speaker 2: fast forward through all that and get to the part 395 00:26:18,840 --> 00:26:24,440 Speaker 2: where Octavian and mark Antony have a very very public 396 00:26:25,080 --> 00:26:29,679 Speaker 2: world class falling out. They are on the outs with 397 00:26:29,800 --> 00:26:36,359 Speaker 2: each other. Octavian stays in Rome, mark Antony follows in 398 00:26:36,480 --> 00:26:40,960 Speaker 2: Julius Caesar's footsteps and he heads to Egypt where he 399 00:26:41,040 --> 00:26:46,920 Speaker 2: meets Cleopatra, and that's really where our story begins. Hang on, what, Chris, 400 00:26:46,960 --> 00:26:49,280 Speaker 2: We can make jokes. It's fine, he got that right 401 00:26:49,800 --> 00:26:54,600 Speaker 2: the Jesse Kelly Show. It is the Jesse Kelly Show. 402 00:26:54,640 --> 00:26:57,320 Speaker 2: There's no question to who we're lying about that. There's 403 00:26:57,320 --> 00:26:59,520 Speaker 2: no way a deaf, dumb, and blind person could ever 404 00:26:59,560 --> 00:27:03,400 Speaker 2: play ball successfully. The whole point of the game is what, Chris, 405 00:27:03,520 --> 00:27:06,080 Speaker 2: it's not true. Yeah, you need to see things and 406 00:27:06,119 --> 00:27:08,960 Speaker 2: hear things. It's just no way. I'd be like, that's 407 00:27:09,000 --> 00:27:11,240 Speaker 2: like all these people who believe Helen Keller wrote music 408 00:27:11,280 --> 00:27:13,480 Speaker 2: and stuff like that, be serious. No, she didn't. Anyway, 409 00:27:13,640 --> 00:27:16,320 Speaker 2: back to our history story. Remember you can email us 410 00:27:16,400 --> 00:27:20,399 Speaker 2: Jesse at Jesse kellyshow dot com talking about the Battle 411 00:27:20,400 --> 00:27:24,160 Speaker 2: of Actium. Julius Caesar dies, leaves his fortune to Octavian. 412 00:27:24,480 --> 00:27:27,080 Speaker 2: Mark Antony won't give it to him. Mark Antony eventually 413 00:27:27,119 --> 00:27:31,320 Speaker 2: takes off to Egypt. Octavian stays in Rome and we 414 00:27:31,440 --> 00:27:35,320 Speaker 2: have a situation brewing. And here is the situation, and 415 00:27:35,359 --> 00:27:38,679 Speaker 2: it's long and complicated, and it's horrible and wonderful. But 416 00:27:39,000 --> 00:27:44,200 Speaker 2: Mark Antony walks into Egypt, and I'm telling you, Cleopatra 417 00:27:44,320 --> 00:27:47,560 Speaker 2: is one of those people, one of the historical people 418 00:27:48,480 --> 00:27:51,680 Speaker 2: I wish I could go back and meet just ten minutes. 419 00:27:51,680 --> 00:27:53,639 Speaker 2: I want to have a ten minute conversation with his 420 00:27:53,840 --> 00:27:59,679 Speaker 2: with Cleopatra. Why well, she managed to seduce Julius Caesar, 421 00:28:00,400 --> 00:28:03,880 Speaker 2: one of the great men in history, and then Mark Antony, 422 00:28:05,080 --> 00:28:07,240 Speaker 2: probably the most powerful man in Rome with this time, 423 00:28:07,280 --> 00:28:11,320 Speaker 2: after Julius Caesar died, mark Antony walks into Egypt and 424 00:28:11,440 --> 00:28:14,760 Speaker 2: she gets into she gets to look. I'm not asking 425 00:28:14,760 --> 00:28:16,680 Speaker 2: for Cleopatra to bat her eyes at me, but I've 426 00:28:16,680 --> 00:28:19,600 Speaker 2: got to know which was it just beauty? What did 427 00:28:19,600 --> 00:28:23,679 Speaker 2: this woman have? But Mark Antony walks into Egypt, falls 428 00:28:23,720 --> 00:28:28,720 Speaker 2: in love head over heels Cleopatras, this powerful queen of Egypt. 429 00:28:29,200 --> 00:28:33,480 Speaker 2: Mark Antony is a very powerful, very well thought of 430 00:28:33,840 --> 00:28:38,360 Speaker 2: Roman general. He has legions with him. I should point 431 00:28:38,360 --> 00:28:40,840 Speaker 2: out he's not over there on the run like a fugitive. 432 00:28:41,200 --> 00:28:44,960 Speaker 2: He is a powerful general with Roman troops and a 433 00:28:45,000 --> 00:28:49,960 Speaker 2: lot of them, and mark Antony's troops loved him. He 434 00:28:50,040 --> 00:28:53,760 Speaker 2: was famous for eating with them, sleeping where they slept, 435 00:28:53,760 --> 00:28:56,840 Speaker 2: A real man of the people type general. Those types 436 00:28:56,880 --> 00:29:00,800 Speaker 2: of generals endear themselves to their troops. Mark Antony was 437 00:29:01,000 --> 00:29:03,880 Speaker 2: very well thought of amongst his men. And so mark 438 00:29:03,920 --> 00:29:09,160 Speaker 2: Antony is in Egypt with Cleopatra, the Egyptian queen, and 439 00:29:09,200 --> 00:29:13,120 Speaker 2: they are they are living it up, They're partying it 440 00:29:13,200 --> 00:29:18,520 Speaker 2: up Egyptian style. Mark Antony is mobilizing for military campaigns, 441 00:29:18,560 --> 00:29:24,240 Speaker 2: doing things like that. But he and Cleopatra are there. 442 00:29:24,600 --> 00:29:27,440 Speaker 2: They're having children. Okay, so things are going well in 443 00:29:27,480 --> 00:29:29,959 Speaker 2: that relationship, even though it was illicit, but things are 444 00:29:30,000 --> 00:29:34,200 Speaker 2: going well. They're having children there. In the meantime, Octavian 445 00:29:34,280 --> 00:29:38,320 Speaker 2: is back in Rome and he's trying to deal with 446 00:29:38,400 --> 00:29:42,120 Speaker 2: the Roman Senate, a senate that doesn't want a ruler. 447 00:29:42,520 --> 00:29:45,760 Speaker 2: They don't want Octavian to rule, but they don't want 448 00:29:45,800 --> 00:29:49,440 Speaker 2: mark Antony to rule either, So they've got to figure 449 00:29:49,520 --> 00:29:53,200 Speaker 2: out something and they end up aligning themselves with Octavian. 450 00:29:53,360 --> 00:29:59,440 Speaker 2: Octavian and his general Agrippa, and what comes next is 451 00:29:59,680 --> 00:30:03,440 Speaker 2: a propaganda war, the likes of which, well, you're very 452 00:30:03,520 --> 00:30:06,960 Speaker 2: used to your live in American politics today. You see 453 00:30:07,000 --> 00:30:11,000 Speaker 2: all the lies, the manipulation the media. How these things 454 00:30:11,000 --> 00:30:15,560 Speaker 2: are fought in the public square, trying to sway public opinion. Well, 455 00:30:15,640 --> 00:30:18,280 Speaker 2: it may not have been done on Facebook back then, 456 00:30:18,640 --> 00:30:21,960 Speaker 2: but it was done in the exact same way. Mark 457 00:30:22,000 --> 00:30:26,480 Speaker 2: Antony would have his allies in Rome spread terrible rumors 458 00:30:26,520 --> 00:30:31,680 Speaker 2: about Octavian. Octavian would have his allies in Rome spread 459 00:30:31,760 --> 00:30:36,320 Speaker 2: terrible rumors about Mark Antony. This is happening. He's doing this, 460 00:30:36,480 --> 00:30:39,360 Speaker 2: He's doing that. And what makes the story so wild 461 00:30:39,520 --> 00:30:44,240 Speaker 2: is to this day we don't totally know which of 462 00:30:44,280 --> 00:30:47,120 Speaker 2: the rumors were true, because they were busy lying about 463 00:30:47,120 --> 00:30:50,240 Speaker 2: each other so often, we don't know. We can just 464 00:30:50,280 --> 00:30:55,840 Speaker 2: give you the generalities, and the generalities were Antony was saying, 465 00:30:56,000 --> 00:31:00,719 Speaker 2: I am Caesar's true champion. I am the one who 466 00:31:00,920 --> 00:31:08,240 Speaker 2: stopped Caesar's assassins. Octavian is a nobody. Octavian is there saying, hey, 467 00:31:09,200 --> 00:31:15,200 Speaker 2: this guy abandoned Rome, and more importantly, he abandoned Rome 468 00:31:15,360 --> 00:31:18,120 Speaker 2: for some Egyptian that would have been thought of as 469 00:31:18,120 --> 00:31:21,960 Speaker 2: being really beneath Romans. For a Roman man of standing 470 00:31:22,000 --> 00:31:24,680 Speaker 2: to go marry any Egyptian, even a queen, would be 471 00:31:24,680 --> 00:31:31,760 Speaker 2: beneath a Roman. And mark Antony starts threatening to withhold, 472 00:31:32,160 --> 00:31:38,280 Speaker 2: and starts withholding vital supplies from Rome. Egypt was a 473 00:31:38,480 --> 00:31:42,000 Speaker 2: bread basket for Rome. There are grains and things like that. 474 00:31:42,160 --> 00:31:44,920 Speaker 2: Rome needed these things to eat. You have a war 475 00:31:45,040 --> 00:31:48,120 Speaker 2: of words, you have a war of propaganda, and eventually 476 00:31:48,160 --> 00:31:50,080 Speaker 2: they realize we have to go ahead and fight. It's 477 00:31:50,120 --> 00:31:53,760 Speaker 2: time to fight. Now, how and where do you handle 478 00:31:53,800 --> 00:31:57,040 Speaker 2: this fight? I want you to know we're leaving Egypt 479 00:31:57,120 --> 00:31:59,400 Speaker 2: for the time being, because the Battle of Actium does 480 00:31:59,440 --> 00:32:02,800 Speaker 2: not take place in Egypt. We're going to Greece. Don't 481 00:32:02,800 --> 00:32:04,720 Speaker 2: worry about that. It's not important for our purposes. But 482 00:32:04,800 --> 00:32:09,120 Speaker 2: we're going to Greece. Mark Antony and Cleopatra. They gather 483 00:32:09,240 --> 00:32:11,760 Speaker 2: up their forces and they had to Greece. But what forces. 484 00:32:11,800 --> 00:32:14,959 Speaker 2: What are we talking about? Well, we have Caesar's legions 485 00:32:16,200 --> 00:32:20,680 Speaker 2: and we have two things that Cleopatra's bringing that are 486 00:32:20,720 --> 00:32:25,200 Speaker 2: critically important. In fact, most historians believe this is the 487 00:32:25,240 --> 00:32:27,960 Speaker 2: only reason she was even allowed on the military campaign. 488 00:32:27,960 --> 00:32:30,680 Speaker 2: You don't bring your wife with you on a military campaign. 489 00:32:30,680 --> 00:32:32,680 Speaker 2: You don't bring a woman at all, not at this time. 490 00:32:33,040 --> 00:32:37,160 Speaker 2: But Cleopatra came along, and Cleopatra sat in the war 491 00:32:37,240 --> 00:32:40,120 Speaker 2: council meetings. Why would a woman be allowed to do that. 492 00:32:41,160 --> 00:32:44,200 Speaker 2: She brought ships, a lot of them. Egypt had a 493 00:32:44,240 --> 00:32:49,400 Speaker 2: lot of ships, and she brought money. Money was a 494 00:32:49,760 --> 00:32:54,000 Speaker 2: desperate need of every side back then. That's how you 495 00:32:54,120 --> 00:32:57,440 Speaker 2: paid your troops to keep them in the field. Your 496 00:32:57,440 --> 00:32:59,880 Speaker 2: troops didn't just stay with you because they loved the 497 00:33:00,080 --> 00:33:02,640 Speaker 2: You shared some cheese its with them back in Gaul 498 00:33:02,800 --> 00:33:05,240 Speaker 2: one day. You had to pay them. They had to 499 00:33:05,280 --> 00:33:09,880 Speaker 2: have the promise of payment of treasure. And Cleopatra brought 500 00:33:09,960 --> 00:33:16,840 Speaker 2: a gigantic war chest with her. Octavian he didn't have 501 00:33:16,920 --> 00:33:21,440 Speaker 2: either of those things. He didn't have Cleopatra's navy, and 502 00:33:21,480 --> 00:33:25,320 Speaker 2: he didn't have the vast wealth of Egypt at his disposal. 503 00:33:26,200 --> 00:33:28,200 Speaker 2: Now I know what you're probably thinking. He had the 504 00:33:28,280 --> 00:33:32,560 Speaker 2: Roman Empire, but Rome didn't have a king or a queen, 505 00:33:32,600 --> 00:33:36,200 Speaker 2: and Octavian wasn't the all powerful ruler. He couldn't just 506 00:33:36,400 --> 00:33:40,880 Speaker 2: waltz into the Roman treasury and load everything up. That's 507 00:33:40,920 --> 00:33:45,920 Speaker 2: not how that worked. But he did bring down vicious 508 00:33:46,040 --> 00:33:50,240 Speaker 2: taxes on the Roman people and other people to try 509 00:33:50,280 --> 00:33:53,960 Speaker 2: to raise enough money to pay his army, and even 510 00:33:54,160 --> 00:33:58,160 Speaker 2: then he didn't have quite enough money to keep them paid. 511 00:33:58,800 --> 00:34:03,200 Speaker 2: But it's time to have a battle, and this battle 512 00:34:03,320 --> 00:34:06,520 Speaker 2: is one of the most important battles in the history 513 00:34:06,560 --> 00:34:11,040 Speaker 2: of mankind because this battle is going to determine who 514 00:34:11,160 --> 00:34:15,000 Speaker 2: rules Rome now that it's no longer a republic. Is 515 00:34:15,040 --> 00:34:17,680 Speaker 2: it going to be mark Antony and his Egyptian Queen. 516 00:34:17,840 --> 00:34:21,359 Speaker 2: Is Rome going to be an Eastern empire based out 517 00:34:21,400 --> 00:34:23,719 Speaker 2: of Europe or based out of Egypt, or is it 518 00:34:23,760 --> 00:34:27,760 Speaker 2: going to be ruled by Octavian based out of Rome. 519 00:34:28,480 --> 00:34:35,200 Speaker 2: Octavian and his amazing general slash Admiral Agrippa. It's time 520 00:34:35,200 --> 00:34:38,600 Speaker 2: for war, they decide, So it's time to talk about it. 521 00:34:38,680 --> 00:34:39,000 Speaker 2: Hang on,