1 00:00:01,440 --> 00:00:04,240 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of I 2 00:00:04,360 --> 00:00:13,160 Speaker 1: Heart Radio. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh, 3 00:00:13,200 --> 00:00:15,600 Speaker 1: and there's Chuck and Jerry's here too, And this is 4 00:00:15,640 --> 00:00:21,400 Speaker 1: an old school Stuff you should Know episode. Yeah, old school. 5 00:00:23,200 --> 00:00:30,000 Speaker 1: It's just like a robust, jam packed um overlooked unsung 6 00:00:30,280 --> 00:00:33,559 Speaker 1: item episode and those are often really good. Yeah. I 7 00:00:33,600 --> 00:00:36,600 Speaker 1: bet we got a mechanical engineering suite in there somewhere. 8 00:00:37,280 --> 00:00:40,839 Speaker 1: I'll bet too. For sure. We'll have to cobble it 9 00:00:40,880 --> 00:00:43,400 Speaker 1: together someday and be like, look what we did, everybody, 10 00:00:43,560 --> 00:00:48,480 Speaker 1: But we want to talk about something else real quick first, right, yeah, man? So, Um, 11 00:00:48,520 --> 00:00:51,199 Speaker 1: we recently did a hang out for our friends co 12 00:00:51,479 --> 00:00:54,200 Speaker 1: ed UM, the Cooperative for Education who we've talked about 13 00:00:54,200 --> 00:00:57,240 Speaker 1: plenty of times. They helped kids stay in school in 14 00:00:57,240 --> 00:01:00,720 Speaker 1: Guatemala and break the cycle of poverty by making sure 15 00:01:00,760 --> 00:01:03,040 Speaker 1: they get an education. Right, that's right, but he knows 16 00:01:03,080 --> 00:01:07,160 Speaker 1: about cod. Our first our two part Guatemala episode was 17 00:01:07,200 --> 00:01:10,240 Speaker 1: when we went there with COED. So we did a 18 00:01:10,280 --> 00:01:12,919 Speaker 1: hang out with them for their Fall f S, a fundraiser, 19 00:01:13,720 --> 00:01:17,360 Speaker 1: and um, we found out that so far since we 20 00:01:17,400 --> 00:01:20,480 Speaker 1: went to Guatemala with them, Stuff you should know listeners 21 00:01:20,480 --> 00:01:24,920 Speaker 1: have donated how much I think we are And this 22 00:01:25,000 --> 00:01:27,640 Speaker 1: is our good friend Ann at co Ed who invited 23 00:01:27,720 --> 00:01:31,600 Speaker 1: us initially, has done the math and redone the math. 24 00:01:31,840 --> 00:01:33,600 Speaker 1: Things that we reached the numbers. Things that we don't 25 00:01:33,600 --> 00:01:37,679 Speaker 1: do is redo the math several times. And At says 26 00:01:37,720 --> 00:01:40,720 Speaker 1: we are within a hundred grand of stuff you should 27 00:01:40,720 --> 00:01:45,399 Speaker 1: know fans having donated one million bucks. That's amazing, that 28 00:01:45,560 --> 00:01:48,480 Speaker 1: is so amazing. So we were like, okay, we're at 29 00:01:48,520 --> 00:01:51,600 Speaker 1: like nine hundred thousand dollars. I feel like we should, 30 00:01:51,840 --> 00:01:54,080 Speaker 1: you know, hit one million. It's just such a nice 31 00:01:54,160 --> 00:01:57,720 Speaker 1: round number. And and Coed will do so many good 32 00:01:57,760 --> 00:02:01,000 Speaker 1: things with that extra hundred gram. So you and I 33 00:02:01,120 --> 00:02:03,280 Speaker 1: both realized that a hundred grand is a tremendous amount 34 00:02:03,320 --> 00:02:06,720 Speaker 1: of money. So we did some number crunching ourselves, and 35 00:02:06,720 --> 00:02:09,000 Speaker 1: we figured out that if we divided it up among 36 00:02:09,360 --> 00:02:11,880 Speaker 1: stuff you should know listeners, if everyone chipped in like 37 00:02:12,120 --> 00:02:15,080 Speaker 1: a nominal amount, we could reach that goal. Right. Yeah, 38 00:02:15,160 --> 00:02:17,480 Speaker 1: So you did the math. I'm gonna let you stand 39 00:02:17,480 --> 00:02:21,320 Speaker 1: behind it. Oh man, I was hoping you'd stand in 40 00:02:21,360 --> 00:02:25,600 Speaker 1: front of that. So if twenty thousand stuff you should 41 00:02:25,639 --> 00:02:28,839 Speaker 1: know listeners, and we're told there are that many out there. Um, 42 00:02:28,919 --> 00:02:33,519 Speaker 1: each chip in five dollars will reach that goal, no problem. Uh, 43 00:02:33,560 --> 00:02:38,399 Speaker 1: what ten thousand stuff listeners chip in ten thousand dollars 44 00:02:39,320 --> 00:02:45,919 Speaker 1: ten dollars and then, um, I believe if eight thousand, 45 00:02:46,040 --> 00:02:50,360 Speaker 1: six hundred and nine listeners contribute eleven dollars and fifty cents, 46 00:02:50,520 --> 00:02:53,400 Speaker 1: we will hit that goal as well. Right, so you 47 00:02:53,480 --> 00:02:55,640 Speaker 1: get the point. It doesn't take much when you have 48 00:02:55,680 --> 00:02:58,880 Speaker 1: a lot of great people banded together. Uh, this is 49 00:02:58,919 --> 00:03:01,000 Speaker 1: the holiday time and know that, you know that's a 50 00:03:01,560 --> 00:03:05,040 Speaker 1: money crunching time. But if you could throw five dollars 51 00:03:05,080 --> 00:03:07,400 Speaker 1: their way and we could all like work our way 52 00:03:07,440 --> 00:03:09,440 Speaker 1: towards that million before the end of the year, that 53 00:03:09,440 --> 00:03:13,120 Speaker 1: would really be a big, big, huge deal. It would 54 00:03:13,120 --> 00:03:15,160 Speaker 1: be really cool. And believe us, we'll both be chipping 55 00:03:15,200 --> 00:03:17,560 Speaker 1: in as well as like we're asking you to do something. 56 00:03:17,600 --> 00:03:20,480 Speaker 1: We would go and we're gonna make Jerry chip into 57 00:03:20,800 --> 00:03:23,320 Speaker 1: Yeah that's right, And I'm gonna chip in more than 58 00:03:23,360 --> 00:03:27,720 Speaker 1: five dollars. Oh yeah, I'm gonna chip in that. No, 59 00:03:27,840 --> 00:03:30,480 Speaker 1: we're gonna do that thing where h when you split 60 00:03:30,520 --> 00:03:32,200 Speaker 1: the tab at a restaurant, we try and see what 61 00:03:32,200 --> 00:03:35,040 Speaker 1: the other person tipped so one of us doesn't look cheap, 62 00:03:35,560 --> 00:03:40,040 Speaker 1: that's right. So they actually set up a specific u 63 00:03:40,240 --> 00:03:43,960 Speaker 1: r L for us, right, that's right. It is Cooperative 64 00:03:44,240 --> 00:03:49,320 Speaker 1: for fo R Education dot org slash s y s k. 65 00:03:49,720 --> 00:03:52,080 Speaker 1: Very very easy, yep. And you just go on the 66 00:03:52,160 --> 00:03:56,320 Speaker 1: donation processes quick and painless, and you will be helping 67 00:03:56,720 --> 00:04:00,040 Speaker 1: kids break the cycle of poverty in Guatemala and a 68 00:04:00,200 --> 00:04:02,280 Speaker 1: really good about things. That's right. I want to make 69 00:04:02,320 --> 00:04:05,160 Speaker 1: sure that our contributions count as stuff you should know 70 00:04:05,280 --> 00:04:08,480 Speaker 1: army Well, yeah, I would, I would hoping and would 71 00:04:08,480 --> 00:04:09,920 Speaker 1: make sure of that. I mean, we're part of the 72 00:04:10,000 --> 00:04:14,080 Speaker 1: army still, even though we're you know, the motorway commandants 73 00:04:14,160 --> 00:04:19,960 Speaker 1: or something. I guess that's a pretty European. I always 74 00:04:19,960 --> 00:04:23,320 Speaker 1: picture ourselves on the ship. We're admirals. I like, colonel, 75 00:04:23,480 --> 00:04:26,359 Speaker 1: you could be admiral. I'm gonna be colonel. Well, if 76 00:04:26,400 --> 00:04:29,240 Speaker 1: you're a colonel, I'm just going to be a private. Oh, 77 00:04:29,400 --> 00:04:32,800 Speaker 1: come on anyway, and count our donations if you can 78 00:04:32,800 --> 00:04:35,080 Speaker 1: do that, because we're part of the army, and I 79 00:04:35,120 --> 00:04:38,200 Speaker 1: think anyone including us, who goes to Cooperative for Education 80 00:04:38,240 --> 00:04:41,320 Speaker 1: dot org slash s ysk, their donation will automatically be 81 00:04:41,440 --> 00:04:46,600 Speaker 1: counted towards the total for sure. Okay, so go forth, everybody. Uh, 82 00:04:46,640 --> 00:04:49,720 Speaker 1: it's Thanksgiving time. The holiday season is starting to kick off. 83 00:04:50,040 --> 00:04:53,080 Speaker 1: Good cheer and good vibes and glad tidings are starting 84 00:04:53,120 --> 00:04:55,799 Speaker 1: to fill all of our hearts and hopefully that will 85 00:04:56,080 --> 00:05:00,360 Speaker 1: culminate in us each donating five bucks. That's right, Okay, 86 00:05:00,520 --> 00:05:03,599 Speaker 1: shall we talk typewriters. Yeah, let's let's I think that 87 00:05:03,640 --> 00:05:05,839 Speaker 1: went really well. Choked. I think it went well, dude, 88 00:05:07,440 --> 00:05:09,800 Speaker 1: So big shout out to our buddy Dave Ruse, who 89 00:05:09,839 --> 00:05:13,120 Speaker 1: I bet will also contribute because he's also a listener 90 00:05:13,200 --> 00:05:15,920 Speaker 1: as well as a writer for us. Well, he listens 91 00:05:15,920 --> 00:05:18,440 Speaker 1: to the ones that he helps us write. It's true, 92 00:05:18,640 --> 00:05:21,720 Speaker 1: I suspect the same thing. So, um he helped us 93 00:05:21,720 --> 00:05:25,600 Speaker 1: out with this one on typewriters, and um, it's one 94 00:05:25,640 --> 00:05:27,240 Speaker 1: of those things, like I said it was, it's kind 95 00:05:27,240 --> 00:05:30,600 Speaker 1: of one of those overlooked and unsung items that really 96 00:05:30,640 --> 00:05:34,440 Speaker 1: had like a lot of effect on the world, so 97 00:05:34,560 --> 00:05:37,960 Speaker 1: much so that I feel like scholarship into the impact 98 00:05:38,120 --> 00:05:43,600 Speaker 1: that that typewriters had on society kind of ends with um, 99 00:05:43,640 --> 00:05:46,480 Speaker 1: you know, ushering feminism into the workplace, or at the 100 00:05:46,560 --> 00:05:49,200 Speaker 1: very least women into the workplace. We'll talk a lot 101 00:05:49,240 --> 00:05:52,039 Speaker 1: about that later, but I think I had even more effects, Chuck, 102 00:05:52,120 --> 00:05:54,280 Speaker 1: Like if you stop and think about it, like, you know, 103 00:05:54,920 --> 00:05:58,159 Speaker 1: would we have the computer today if we hadn't invented 104 00:05:58,200 --> 00:06:01,120 Speaker 1: the typewriter in the middle of the nineteenth century, or 105 00:06:01,200 --> 00:06:02,920 Speaker 1: if we did, what would it look like if we 106 00:06:02,960 --> 00:06:07,000 Speaker 1: hadn't had the typewriter first? Um, you know did because 107 00:06:07,000 --> 00:06:10,479 Speaker 1: it allowed for a lot more smoothness in the business office. 108 00:06:10,720 --> 00:06:14,520 Speaker 1: It allowed for like systematic management, I think, So is 109 00:06:14,560 --> 00:06:17,520 Speaker 1: it responsible for the creation of the paperwork we're all 110 00:06:17,600 --> 00:06:19,919 Speaker 1: drowning in at all times? I have questions about this 111 00:06:20,120 --> 00:06:22,440 Speaker 1: and no one's answered them yet, So I'm just gonna 112 00:06:22,480 --> 00:06:24,240 Speaker 1: throw those questions out and just let them kind of 113 00:06:24,360 --> 00:06:28,279 Speaker 1: jael over the whole episode. Would we have all the 114 00:06:28,320 --> 00:06:31,440 Speaker 1: great works of literature that we have since the invention 115 00:06:31,440 --> 00:06:34,159 Speaker 1: of the typewriter? People were certainly writing before the typewriter, 116 00:06:34,720 --> 00:06:38,320 Speaker 1: as long as there was a feather and some ink around, uh, 117 00:06:38,360 --> 00:06:42,120 Speaker 1: they would use the old quill. But the typewriter certainly, um, 118 00:06:42,320 --> 00:06:45,360 Speaker 1: sort of open things up, not the very least things 119 00:06:45,400 --> 00:06:49,440 Speaker 1: like self publishing and and getting your own creative ideas 120 00:06:49,440 --> 00:06:52,720 Speaker 1: out to the world in an easier fashion. So creatively, 121 00:06:52,760 --> 00:06:55,479 Speaker 1: the typewriter was a game changer. That's an excellent point, 122 00:06:55,640 --> 00:06:58,320 Speaker 1: Mark Mark Twain, Right, he was vive and this is 123 00:06:58,360 --> 00:07:00,600 Speaker 1: a great this may be the fact of the show. Oh. 124 00:07:00,920 --> 00:07:04,279 Speaker 1: His book in eight two, Life on the Mississippi, was 125 00:07:04,320 --> 00:07:07,680 Speaker 1: the very first typewritten manuscript ever submitted, as far as 126 00:07:07,720 --> 00:07:12,280 Speaker 1: anyone knows. Yeah. Uh, and apparently he hand wrote it 127 00:07:12,640 --> 00:07:17,640 Speaker 1: and then had his assistant or secretary transcribe it onto 128 00:07:18,160 --> 00:07:20,360 Speaker 1: into a typewriter. Yeah. I mean that's kind of how 129 00:07:20,400 --> 00:07:24,360 Speaker 1: things went for a while, exactly. Yeah. But um, the 130 00:07:24,400 --> 00:07:26,680 Speaker 1: one thing about typewriting too, I think some of those 131 00:07:26,680 --> 00:07:28,680 Speaker 1: early writers were like, well, wait a minute, does that 132 00:07:28,680 --> 00:07:31,120 Speaker 1: mean we're just supposed to dictate our books? And I 133 00:07:31,160 --> 00:07:33,280 Speaker 1: don't know how I feel about that. And then they 134 00:07:33,280 --> 00:07:35,360 Speaker 1: finally figured out, like, oh, we can actually do the 135 00:07:35,400 --> 00:07:37,760 Speaker 1: typing ourselves. And I think that's when it really kind 136 00:07:37,760 --> 00:07:40,120 Speaker 1: of opened up for literature, like you were saying, right, 137 00:07:40,160 --> 00:07:42,920 Speaker 1: But that also went the other way later with memoirs, 138 00:07:43,040 --> 00:07:46,360 Speaker 1: with people like Keith Richards would say, you mean, I 139 00:07:46,360 --> 00:07:50,000 Speaker 1: can just say things out loud and it'll be a book. Right, 140 00:07:50,480 --> 00:07:54,480 Speaker 1: does seventeen pages that are just the letter L seventeen hundred? 141 00:07:54,480 --> 00:07:57,760 Speaker 1: More like? Is is Uh, autobiography is very long and great, 142 00:07:58,600 --> 00:08:01,040 Speaker 1: so um. One of the other things about the typewriter 143 00:08:01,080 --> 00:08:03,040 Speaker 1: two is it wasn't around for that long for as 144 00:08:03,120 --> 00:08:05,360 Speaker 1: much of an effect as it did have on society. 145 00:08:05,760 --> 00:08:08,960 Speaker 1: It was invented in eighteen sixty eight, the first thing 146 00:08:09,000 --> 00:08:12,040 Speaker 1: that we recognized as a modern typewriter, and then by 147 00:08:12,080 --> 00:08:15,160 Speaker 1: the eighties it was certainly on its way out. And 148 00:08:15,200 --> 00:08:20,520 Speaker 1: it died really quickly because yeah, and the technology, because 149 00:08:20,560 --> 00:08:25,080 Speaker 1: the technology that we invented took off really quickly. But again, 150 00:08:25,160 --> 00:08:27,800 Speaker 1: it was all based on the typewriter. There were improvements 151 00:08:27,840 --> 00:08:31,640 Speaker 1: to the typewriter that eventually led to the PC. That's right. Uh. 152 00:08:31,640 --> 00:08:36,480 Speaker 1: And I have a deep, deep love of mechanical machines. 153 00:08:37,320 --> 00:08:39,520 Speaker 1: And I have an old typewriter and I've had it 154 00:08:39,679 --> 00:08:43,000 Speaker 1: since college. I think my mom got it for me 155 00:08:43,080 --> 00:08:46,200 Speaker 1: for Christmas one year, got me an old Royal antique 156 00:08:46,200 --> 00:08:49,320 Speaker 1: typewriter just to display. And I have moved that thing. 157 00:08:49,760 --> 00:08:51,960 Speaker 1: I'll post a picture of it. It's still on my 158 00:08:51,960 --> 00:08:55,439 Speaker 1: shelf in my office upstairs. I've moved it everywhere for 159 00:08:55,480 --> 00:08:59,959 Speaker 1: the past, you know, thirty five years, and I still well, 160 00:09:00,160 --> 00:09:02,080 Speaker 1: you know, throw a piece of paper in that thing 161 00:09:02,120 --> 00:09:04,120 Speaker 1: every now. And then and type on it and realized 162 00:09:04,160 --> 00:09:07,800 Speaker 1: that the ribbon is dry. You're like, all work and 163 00:09:07,880 --> 00:09:10,640 Speaker 1: no play make Jack a dull boy. But we are 164 00:09:10,720 --> 00:09:12,800 Speaker 1: the generation, and and me even a little bit more 165 00:09:12,840 --> 00:09:16,400 Speaker 1: than you because I'm a few years older of uh. 166 00:09:16,440 --> 00:09:18,320 Speaker 1: And you know, we talked about Gen X being the 167 00:09:18,320 --> 00:09:22,640 Speaker 1: greatest generation because we saw such transitions in technology, but 168 00:09:22,960 --> 00:09:25,960 Speaker 1: the typewriter was certainly one of them. Like I typed 169 00:09:26,000 --> 00:09:29,160 Speaker 1: in my typing class in high school on a on 170 00:09:29,200 --> 00:09:31,760 Speaker 1: an IBM Selectric, which we'll talk about one of the 171 00:09:31,800 --> 00:09:35,760 Speaker 1: greatest machines ever invented. And then just a few years 172 00:09:35,920 --> 00:09:38,840 Speaker 1: later when I jumped into college, I had one of 173 00:09:38,840 --> 00:09:43,600 Speaker 1: those over the expensive word processors. Yeah, we had one too, 174 00:09:43,640 --> 00:09:45,600 Speaker 1: and I was thinking. I was trying to remember what 175 00:09:45,720 --> 00:09:48,840 Speaker 1: brand it was, and I could remember either. I thought 176 00:09:48,880 --> 00:09:51,199 Speaker 1: it was a Brother And then I stopped and thought 177 00:09:51,360 --> 00:09:53,199 Speaker 1: a little more about it. I'm sure it was a 178 00:09:53,280 --> 00:09:57,920 Speaker 1: Sears and Roebuck word processor. Not. I know mine was used, 179 00:09:57,920 --> 00:10:01,280 Speaker 1: I'll tell you that. Yeah, but those things were really amazing, 180 00:10:01,600 --> 00:10:03,800 Speaker 1: especially if you could take the time to stop and 181 00:10:03,800 --> 00:10:05,680 Speaker 1: figure out how to use it. That was one of 182 00:10:05,679 --> 00:10:08,280 Speaker 1: the great things about typewriters is people have been using 183 00:10:08,320 --> 00:10:10,960 Speaker 1: them for so long that when you first learned how 184 00:10:11,000 --> 00:10:12,560 Speaker 1: to do it, there were so many people out there 185 00:10:12,559 --> 00:10:14,080 Speaker 1: who could tell you how to do it. It was 186 00:10:14,120 --> 00:10:17,520 Speaker 1: easy to pick up. Word processors made it difficult, but 187 00:10:18,040 --> 00:10:21,000 Speaker 1: I pods that that they were a necessary transition from 188 00:10:21,040 --> 00:10:24,800 Speaker 1: typewriters to PCs. It got people thinking in a digital way, 189 00:10:24,880 --> 00:10:26,439 Speaker 1: you know. Yeah, yeah, just to see it on that 190 00:10:26,920 --> 00:10:30,800 Speaker 1: tiny little screen, it felt like it was like two 191 00:10:30,840 --> 00:10:35,839 Speaker 1: inches by three inches maybe, Yeah, that was a game changer. Yeah, 192 00:10:36,080 --> 00:10:37,800 Speaker 1: we'll talk more about that later, but let's just do 193 00:10:37,840 --> 00:10:40,320 Speaker 1: like a quick overview of how to use a typewriter 194 00:10:40,440 --> 00:10:45,280 Speaker 1: for the chilling's yeah, like the parts and pieces parts. Yeah, alright, 195 00:10:45,320 --> 00:10:47,400 Speaker 1: so a manual typewriter, and that's what we're gonna call 196 00:10:47,480 --> 00:10:52,679 Speaker 1: anything that isn't electric or electronic, uh anything pre those days. 197 00:10:53,120 --> 00:10:55,640 Speaker 1: What you do, kids, is you get a piece of 198 00:10:55,640 --> 00:10:58,960 Speaker 1: white paper and you feed it into this machine, this 199 00:10:59,040 --> 00:11:03,440 Speaker 1: mechanical machine by rotating a rubber cylinder that's called a platon, 200 00:11:04,480 --> 00:11:06,679 Speaker 1: and you know, you roll it till let's lined up 201 00:11:06,679 --> 00:11:09,520 Speaker 1: to where you basically want to start typing. And even 202 00:11:09,559 --> 00:11:12,680 Speaker 1: that when you first start typing is a little bit weird, 203 00:11:12,760 --> 00:11:14,760 Speaker 1: like you might start typing too high and you realize 204 00:11:14,760 --> 00:11:16,600 Speaker 1: you gotta roll it up a little bit more to 205 00:11:16,679 --> 00:11:20,440 Speaker 1: get that what do you call that the not the margin? Yeah, 206 00:11:20,480 --> 00:11:23,920 Speaker 1: the margin, the border, I call it a order. The header, Yeah, 207 00:11:23,960 --> 00:11:25,880 Speaker 1: the header, which is like whatever you want to set 208 00:11:25,920 --> 00:11:28,120 Speaker 1: an inch inch and a half. So you line up 209 00:11:28,160 --> 00:11:31,640 Speaker 1: that paper where you want to start typing, and then 210 00:11:31,760 --> 00:11:35,680 Speaker 1: you start typing by pressing down on a key. And 211 00:11:35,800 --> 00:11:38,880 Speaker 1: Dave even says press hard in parentheses because you got 212 00:11:39,000 --> 00:11:41,240 Speaker 1: to give it a little bit of a strike, much 213 00:11:41,280 --> 00:11:43,880 Speaker 1: more than you do, even though you have abused laptops 214 00:11:43,880 --> 00:11:46,560 Speaker 1: in your time. I always said you sound like Thelonious 215 00:11:46,600 --> 00:11:48,480 Speaker 1: Monk over there on the type on the computer, but 216 00:11:48,880 --> 00:11:52,880 Speaker 1: I can't imagine hearing on a typewriter. Yeah. The reason 217 00:11:52,920 --> 00:11:54,959 Speaker 1: you have to press hard though, because we're talking about 218 00:11:55,000 --> 00:11:58,720 Speaker 1: manual typewriters. There's no electricity involved. You can take it anywhere. 219 00:11:58,720 --> 00:12:01,880 Speaker 1: It sounds like that's what your royal is, right, Yeah, okay, 220 00:12:01,960 --> 00:12:06,480 Speaker 1: So um, when you're pressing on that key, it's actually 221 00:12:06,520 --> 00:12:09,960 Speaker 1: causing that lever to shoot up. And attached to the 222 00:12:10,040 --> 00:12:11,720 Speaker 1: end of the level is what's called the type bar, 223 00:12:12,120 --> 00:12:16,480 Speaker 1: and that is basically a little mini type bar like 224 00:12:16,559 --> 00:12:20,320 Speaker 1: you find in a printing press. And typically, um, I 225 00:12:20,360 --> 00:12:23,800 Speaker 1: think the top is lower case and the bottom is 226 00:12:23,880 --> 00:12:27,320 Speaker 1: upper case. And when that type bar hits the paper, 227 00:12:27,400 --> 00:12:31,360 Speaker 1: depending on whether you're on lower higher case, UM, it's 228 00:12:31,480 --> 00:12:34,360 Speaker 1: it smacks the paper and it goes through the ink ribbon, 229 00:12:34,600 --> 00:12:36,800 Speaker 1: which shoots up all of a sudden out of nowhere 230 00:12:37,080 --> 00:12:39,200 Speaker 1: like a whack a mole and gets in between the 231 00:12:39,200 --> 00:12:41,680 Speaker 1: type bar and the paper. So the type bar actually 232 00:12:41,720 --> 00:12:45,240 Speaker 1: strikes and leaves an impression through the ink ribbon onto 233 00:12:45,320 --> 00:12:48,319 Speaker 1: the paper. And that's how you type a nice, inky letter. 234 00:12:48,840 --> 00:12:50,680 Speaker 1: That's right. And I know we sound like we're being 235 00:12:51,240 --> 00:12:53,800 Speaker 1: like we're coddling, but I'm really not when I say this. 236 00:12:54,240 --> 00:12:56,320 Speaker 1: If you've never used one, you never really looked at 237 00:12:56,360 --> 00:12:59,360 Speaker 1: one much. Um. It's like a little stamp on the 238 00:12:59,480 --> 00:13:01,760 Speaker 1: end of a of a metal lever, and it just 239 00:13:02,160 --> 00:13:05,040 Speaker 1: it just stamps the letters on one at a time, right, 240 00:13:05,200 --> 00:13:07,880 Speaker 1: So I mean that's pretty much it. The only thing 241 00:13:08,000 --> 00:13:10,520 Speaker 1: is and this is like a really ingenious part of 242 00:13:10,520 --> 00:13:14,480 Speaker 1: the typewriter from way back. When you type a letter, 243 00:13:15,360 --> 00:13:18,360 Speaker 1: that the carriage, which is the whole assembly that holds 244 00:13:18,400 --> 00:13:23,400 Speaker 1: the platin um, it moves to the left one space 245 00:13:23,880 --> 00:13:25,720 Speaker 1: so that you are now about to type your next 246 00:13:25,840 --> 00:13:28,120 Speaker 1: letter to the right of the last letter that you 247 00:13:28,240 --> 00:13:32,040 Speaker 1: just typed, so that you're not typing your entire manuscript 248 00:13:32,080 --> 00:13:35,839 Speaker 1: in one single space. It seems really easy to overlook, 249 00:13:36,000 --> 00:13:39,280 Speaker 1: but it's a really important part. And then eventually you 250 00:13:39,280 --> 00:13:42,080 Speaker 1: get to an end. At the end of the carriage, 251 00:13:42,200 --> 00:13:44,760 Speaker 1: it reaches all the way to the left. It's almost 252 00:13:44,760 --> 00:13:48,160 Speaker 1: seems so wildly out of proportion that the typewriter will 253 00:13:48,200 --> 00:13:50,559 Speaker 1: surely tip over at any second. And then the little 254 00:13:50,600 --> 00:13:53,240 Speaker 1: bell goes thing and you hit a lever and the 255 00:13:53,360 --> 00:13:56,920 Speaker 1: thing slides back to the right fastest, bobs your uncle, 256 00:13:57,040 --> 00:13:59,000 Speaker 1: and then you start typing the next line because it 257 00:13:59,120 --> 00:14:01,760 Speaker 1: raised up once ace or two spaces, depending on whether 258 00:14:01,760 --> 00:14:04,480 Speaker 1: you're typing single space or double space. That's right. And 259 00:14:04,720 --> 00:14:07,520 Speaker 1: you think, is there a small troll in there that 260 00:14:07,640 --> 00:14:11,120 Speaker 1: is hitting a bell. No, that's it's all mechanical. It's 261 00:14:11,120 --> 00:14:13,960 Speaker 1: wonderful that carriage return and you have your margin set 262 00:14:14,000 --> 00:14:16,880 Speaker 1: so it knows when to ding uh, and it's it's 263 00:14:17,160 --> 00:14:20,200 Speaker 1: it's just a wonder of mechanical engineering. I love a typewriter. 264 00:14:20,240 --> 00:14:23,040 Speaker 1: There's a lot of like if you only just sort 265 00:14:23,080 --> 00:14:25,760 Speaker 1: of see the outside and you're looking at the type 266 00:14:25,760 --> 00:14:27,800 Speaker 1: bar that in it of itself is kind of cool, 267 00:14:28,200 --> 00:14:30,160 Speaker 1: but when you open that thing up and really look 268 00:14:30,200 --> 00:14:34,080 Speaker 1: at the mechanics behind it, it's just awesome. I love typewriters. Yeah, 269 00:14:34,120 --> 00:14:36,320 Speaker 1: it is very cool. And also one of the other 270 00:14:36,360 --> 00:14:39,239 Speaker 1: things that's neat about it. When you look over the typewriter, 271 00:14:39,680 --> 00:14:41,920 Speaker 1: you see that all of the type bars, all of 272 00:14:41,960 --> 00:14:45,320 Speaker 1: the um, the alphabet and the numbers are looking back 273 00:14:45,400 --> 00:14:48,320 Speaker 1: up at you and like a semicircle, and so they 274 00:14:48,360 --> 00:14:51,640 Speaker 1: just shoot up from their spot hey hey, hey, depending 275 00:14:51,680 --> 00:14:54,720 Speaker 1: on what um what letter you're typing, but they always 276 00:14:54,760 --> 00:14:58,240 Speaker 1: hit that same part, which is exactly where the carriage 277 00:14:58,240 --> 00:15:01,680 Speaker 1: wants them to hit on the plan. So that's a typewriter. 278 00:15:02,120 --> 00:15:04,640 Speaker 1: And I say, chuck um that we take a break 279 00:15:04,720 --> 00:15:06,360 Speaker 1: and then come back and talk about some of the 280 00:15:06,440 --> 00:15:32,960 Speaker 1: history behind it. Let's do it. So before we go on, 281 00:15:33,040 --> 00:15:34,480 Speaker 1: I do want to say that as a rite of 282 00:15:34,480 --> 00:15:37,920 Speaker 1: passage for any child, I went and when my daughter 283 00:15:37,960 --> 00:15:40,080 Speaker 1: was a little bit younger, she probably still does it. 284 00:15:40,120 --> 00:15:42,280 Speaker 1: For all I know, I would go into my office 285 00:15:42,280 --> 00:15:46,400 Speaker 1: and see my typewriter type bars all tangled together, because 286 00:15:46,880 --> 00:15:48,680 Speaker 1: the write of passage for any kid when they see 287 00:15:48,680 --> 00:15:51,680 Speaker 1: emmanual typewriters just to smash all those keys at the 288 00:15:51,720 --> 00:15:53,760 Speaker 1: same time, and they get into a little tangled mess, 289 00:15:54,080 --> 00:15:55,760 Speaker 1: which we'll get to that has a lot to do 290 00:15:55,800 --> 00:16:00,320 Speaker 1: with the eventual keyboard design. But yeah, just to throw 291 00:16:00,360 --> 00:16:03,240 Speaker 1: that out there. Yeah, but that was a real problem, 292 00:16:03,360 --> 00:16:05,400 Speaker 1: and they turned into like a little rats nest, right, 293 00:16:05,640 --> 00:16:09,040 Speaker 1: little rats nests, So fingers of the thinkers of a 294 00:16:09,040 --> 00:16:11,720 Speaker 1: little rat. Yes, And that was a problem that was 295 00:16:11,760 --> 00:16:17,320 Speaker 1: faced by one Christopher Latham Shoals, who is widely considered 296 00:16:17,360 --> 00:16:19,920 Speaker 1: to be the inventor of the typewriter, although as we'll see, 297 00:16:19,960 --> 00:16:23,840 Speaker 1: he didn't work completely alone, but he and a pal 298 00:16:23,880 --> 00:16:27,800 Speaker 1: of his um created the patent for the typewriter in 299 00:16:27,840 --> 00:16:29,840 Speaker 1: eighteen sixty eight. There were the first people to get 300 00:16:30,040 --> 00:16:33,160 Speaker 1: a patent for the first typewriter, but at least fifty 301 00:16:33,200 --> 00:16:37,040 Speaker 1: people gave it a try before Shoals, uh perfected it, 302 00:16:37,200 --> 00:16:40,240 Speaker 1: or I shouldn't say perfected, it came the closest to 303 00:16:40,320 --> 00:16:43,400 Speaker 1: perfecting it the first time. How about that? Yeah, because 304 00:16:43,480 --> 00:16:45,600 Speaker 1: you know day points out they you know, the printing 305 00:16:45,640 --> 00:16:49,160 Speaker 1: press was invented in what the fourteen something fifteenth century, 306 00:16:50,040 --> 00:16:53,080 Speaker 1: and it took a couple of hundred years, but then 307 00:16:53,120 --> 00:16:56,200 Speaker 1: for about a hundred years people tried to figure out 308 00:16:56,240 --> 00:16:59,920 Speaker 1: a typewriter of some sort. The first sort of working 309 00:17:00,040 --> 00:17:04,199 Speaker 1: typewriter may have been this guy named Giuseppe Pellegrin no 310 00:17:04,600 --> 00:17:07,960 Speaker 1: Touri Uh. He was obviously an Italian guy. He was 311 00:17:08,000 --> 00:17:11,440 Speaker 1: an inventor, and in eighteen o eight he made a 312 00:17:11,440 --> 00:17:16,920 Speaker 1: device for Uh. Either was Frinder's girlfriend, the Countess Carolina Fantoni. 313 00:17:17,560 --> 00:17:23,720 Speaker 1: That's wow, that's quite and a beautiful name. It's very 314 00:17:23,760 --> 00:17:25,600 Speaker 1: beautiful name. And this is a cool story because she 315 00:17:25,680 --> 00:17:29,720 Speaker 1: had lost her sight. So the invention was so, you know, 316 00:17:29,760 --> 00:17:32,560 Speaker 1: typing is something that you can do withoutside. In fact, 317 00:17:32,600 --> 00:17:34,920 Speaker 1: that's the whole goal, is to learn to type without 318 00:17:34,920 --> 00:17:39,640 Speaker 1: looking right. Um. So there's an alternate story that her 319 00:17:39,800 --> 00:17:44,560 Speaker 1: brother Augustino actually invented it for her and Tourie improved it. 320 00:17:44,960 --> 00:17:48,320 Speaker 1: But the upshot of it is whoever created this machine? Uh, 321 00:17:48,600 --> 00:17:51,440 Speaker 1: It doesn't exist any longer, it doesn't survive, But some 322 00:17:51,520 --> 00:17:55,600 Speaker 1: of her typed um letters did from eighteen oh, all 323 00:17:55,640 --> 00:17:59,040 Speaker 1: the way back in eighteen o eight, undisputed first type 324 00:17:59,160 --> 00:18:02,560 Speaker 1: letters were for Italy back then, that's right. Uh. And 325 00:18:02,600 --> 00:18:04,720 Speaker 1: then there are another couple of guys who tried their 326 00:18:04,760 --> 00:18:07,879 Speaker 1: hand at it. Uh. Just shout them out, because we 327 00:18:07,960 --> 00:18:10,960 Speaker 1: always like to shout out detroitter's. A guy named William 328 00:18:11,000 --> 00:18:15,040 Speaker 1: Austin Burt in the early eighteen hundreds invented a typographer, 329 00:18:15,760 --> 00:18:19,239 Speaker 1: uh clunky, didn't work very well. And then another pre 330 00:18:19,359 --> 00:18:23,000 Speaker 1: typewriter was built. It was called the Hansen Riding Ball. 331 00:18:23,920 --> 00:18:26,639 Speaker 1: And this one is kind of interesting, and that he 332 00:18:26,760 --> 00:18:32,439 Speaker 1: used electromagnetic energies and electromagnetic battery to actually power this thing. 333 00:18:32,600 --> 00:18:34,640 Speaker 1: So it didn't work very well, but it was way 334 00:18:34,640 --> 00:18:37,199 Speaker 1: ahead of its time. Actually, I saw that it did 335 00:18:37,320 --> 00:18:41,040 Speaker 1: work really well. Um that well for manufacturing though, I think, okay, 336 00:18:41,160 --> 00:18:43,480 Speaker 1: right true. And the the arrangement of the keys, it 337 00:18:43,600 --> 00:18:46,119 Speaker 1: was like a pincushion, so you held both hands together 338 00:18:46,560 --> 00:18:51,119 Speaker 1: like you were alien for Pete's sake typing. But the 339 00:18:51,240 --> 00:18:53,840 Speaker 1: thing would work really well. It would respond as fast 340 00:18:53,920 --> 00:18:57,320 Speaker 1: as you typed um in part because of those electro magnets. 341 00:18:57,400 --> 00:18:59,480 Speaker 1: And he also spread the vowels to the left and 342 00:18:59,520 --> 00:19:02,040 Speaker 1: the contint to the right, which made typing even faster. 343 00:19:02,600 --> 00:19:05,080 Speaker 1: And I saw it also automatically advanced the paper too, 344 00:19:05,600 --> 00:19:09,240 Speaker 1: so it didn't really resemble our earliest typewriters are our typewriters, 345 00:19:09,280 --> 00:19:11,840 Speaker 1: but it was its own kind of neat thing that 346 00:19:12,440 --> 00:19:15,119 Speaker 1: just didn't take off. Everybody's like, what's this pink Christian thing? 347 00:19:15,200 --> 00:19:16,919 Speaker 1: This is not right. It's a kind of fun thing 348 00:19:16,960 --> 00:19:19,080 Speaker 1: you see in a museum and you marvel at how 349 00:19:19,119 --> 00:19:22,440 Speaker 1: advanced it was for the time. Sure, definitely if you 350 00:19:22,480 --> 00:19:24,560 Speaker 1: want to get too real typewriters, though, we got to 351 00:19:24,600 --> 00:19:29,399 Speaker 1: go back to Christopher lay them shoals. You mentioned, uh, 352 00:19:30,000 --> 00:19:34,280 Speaker 1: Milwaukee in right, Yeah, and he got he was a journalist. 353 00:19:34,680 --> 00:19:39,399 Speaker 1: He was a politician. Sometimes almost said a superman, a newspaperman. 354 00:19:40,280 --> 00:19:43,440 Speaker 1: The superman was a newspaperman. Hey man. That was a 355 00:19:43,520 --> 00:19:46,080 Speaker 1: heck of a connection. Uh. And he was a superman, 356 00:19:46,280 --> 00:19:49,280 Speaker 1: I'll say it. Uh. And he had a side gig 357 00:19:49,320 --> 00:19:51,560 Speaker 1: as an inventor. And he got together. He was smart 358 00:19:51,680 --> 00:19:54,600 Speaker 1: enough to collaborate with people, and got together in eighteen 359 00:19:54,680 --> 00:19:57,440 Speaker 1: sixty six with a couple of colleagues named Carlos Glinden 360 00:19:57,840 --> 00:20:04,080 Speaker 1: and Samuel Willard Seul. Would you say so? All right? 361 00:20:04,440 --> 00:20:08,240 Speaker 1: Soul with any And they went to work and designed 362 00:20:08,440 --> 00:20:14,639 Speaker 1: um a typewriter at Klein Stuber's machine shop in Milwaukee, 363 00:20:15,240 --> 00:20:17,320 Speaker 1: and then finally in eight sixty eight were able to 364 00:20:17,480 --> 00:20:20,320 Speaker 1: apply for their and this is kind of fun. Always 365 00:20:20,359 --> 00:20:23,280 Speaker 1: loved the early sort of UM when things are split 366 00:20:23,359 --> 00:20:26,800 Speaker 1: up into two words, capital T, type dash, capital W 367 00:20:27,040 --> 00:20:31,040 Speaker 1: writer a literal type writer. And it had a little 368 00:20:31,520 --> 00:20:33,159 Speaker 1: it's fun to look up. Look this thing up. It 369 00:20:33,280 --> 00:20:37,480 Speaker 1: had a little piano keys as the keyboard, which makes 370 00:20:37,520 --> 00:20:40,800 Speaker 1: sense because it has a similar mechanical function, right, And 371 00:20:40,920 --> 00:20:44,520 Speaker 1: apparently the ebony keys had one function. The ivory keys 372 00:20:44,560 --> 00:20:46,920 Speaker 1: had another function. But if you look at it, there's 373 00:20:46,960 --> 00:20:50,200 Speaker 1: only like four or five keys of each. And I 374 00:20:50,400 --> 00:20:53,399 Speaker 1: cannot make heads or tails of how the thing worked, 375 00:20:53,920 --> 00:20:56,080 Speaker 1: and apparently no one else can, because I've never found 376 00:20:56,560 --> 00:21:00,520 Speaker 1: an explanation of actually how it worked. But it's just like, 377 00:21:00,800 --> 00:21:03,640 Speaker 1: look at that thing. It looks like a piano moving on. Well. 378 00:21:03,800 --> 00:21:05,840 Speaker 1: One thing I knew is that they lived together in 379 00:21:05,920 --> 00:21:09,600 Speaker 1: perfect harmony. That's right. The other thing I found out 380 00:21:09,600 --> 00:21:12,320 Speaker 1: about that too, is in their prototype, all I could 381 00:21:12,320 --> 00:21:15,880 Speaker 1: type was W. But apparently type W really really well 382 00:21:16,160 --> 00:21:18,240 Speaker 1: enough that they applied for the patent and they got it. 383 00:21:18,600 --> 00:21:21,080 Speaker 1: They also did something else that was innovative that would 384 00:21:21,119 --> 00:21:23,199 Speaker 1: come in UM. It was kind of one of those 385 00:21:23,200 --> 00:21:26,000 Speaker 1: things that laid the groundwork for all typewriters to come. 386 00:21:26,240 --> 00:21:28,960 Speaker 1: They had two spools that held an ink ribbon on top, 387 00:21:29,000 --> 00:21:30,879 Speaker 1: and we talked about how the inc ribbon jumps up 388 00:21:31,119 --> 00:21:32,920 Speaker 1: and gets in between the type bar and the paper 389 00:21:33,000 --> 00:21:36,760 Speaker 1: to leave the the inked letter. Well, these guys invented 390 00:21:36,800 --> 00:21:39,040 Speaker 1: it basically right out of the gate. Yeah, because you 391 00:21:39,080 --> 00:21:41,000 Speaker 1: gotta have a spool, you gotta move that ribbon along, 392 00:21:41,760 --> 00:21:43,800 Speaker 1: or you're just typing on the same section of ribbon 393 00:21:43,840 --> 00:21:47,879 Speaker 1: over and over and that's no good, sure, uh. In 394 00:21:48,040 --> 00:21:51,960 Speaker 1: eighteen seventy two, they sold UH their shares in this 395 00:21:52,119 --> 00:21:55,919 Speaker 1: invention to a guy, an oil guy named James Dinsmore, 396 00:21:56,480 --> 00:21:58,560 Speaker 1: who will factor in UH in a pretty big way 397 00:21:58,560 --> 00:22:01,320 Speaker 1: in a minute. And but Shoals wasn't done. He was like, 398 00:22:01,440 --> 00:22:03,720 Speaker 1: you know what, we sold this thing, but I'm gonna 399 00:22:03,800 --> 00:22:06,320 Speaker 1: keep working. And later that same year, like that's how 400 00:22:06,520 --> 00:22:09,040 Speaker 1: like dedicated he was to figuring this thing out. He 401 00:22:09,160 --> 00:22:14,800 Speaker 1: teamed with another inventor named Matthias Schwalbach and made an 402 00:22:14,880 --> 00:22:17,520 Speaker 1: improved typewriter within the same year that he sold the patent, 403 00:22:17,560 --> 00:22:19,720 Speaker 1: which is pretty I don't know if that's shifty or 404 00:22:19,760 --> 00:22:23,520 Speaker 1: just super smart. I saw that it was glitten and 405 00:22:23,680 --> 00:22:27,600 Speaker 1: soul that Shoulder sold their shares and that UM Shoals 406 00:22:27,960 --> 00:22:35,359 Speaker 1: may have kept his or invested. Yeah, so so schwall 407 00:22:35,440 --> 00:22:37,560 Speaker 1: Back and Shoals. The thing that they came up with, 408 00:22:37,720 --> 00:22:40,000 Speaker 1: there's no better way to describe what it looked like 409 00:22:40,080 --> 00:22:42,720 Speaker 1: than Dave put it, which is a medieval pasta maker. 410 00:22:43,880 --> 00:22:49,080 Speaker 1: It's really weird and ungainly and like just disproportionate, like 411 00:22:49,200 --> 00:22:53,200 Speaker 1: real top heavy. Um. But it worked pretty well. But again, 412 00:22:53,240 --> 00:22:55,600 Speaker 1: it was just one of those things that that um 413 00:22:55,800 --> 00:22:59,160 Speaker 1: that Shoals was, he just kept improving and improving and improving. 414 00:22:59,560 --> 00:23:01,760 Speaker 1: And then he said, Densmore really kind of comes in 415 00:23:01,880 --> 00:23:03,879 Speaker 1: in a big way in a minute. And here he 416 00:23:03,960 --> 00:23:08,480 Speaker 1: comes because after the Civil War, the Remington Company, which 417 00:23:08,520 --> 00:23:13,320 Speaker 1: had built, uh manufactured tons of guns for the Civil War, 418 00:23:13,400 --> 00:23:16,040 Speaker 1: found that their gun market had suddenly dried up and 419 00:23:16,080 --> 00:23:18,760 Speaker 1: they were looking for new markets to get into, and 420 00:23:18,880 --> 00:23:21,560 Speaker 1: Densmore said, I got one for you, that's right. They 421 00:23:21,560 --> 00:23:23,720 Speaker 1: also made sewing machines, which will become evident here in 422 00:23:23,760 --> 00:23:27,040 Speaker 1: a minute. But in eighteen seventy three Densmore pitched them 423 00:23:27,640 --> 00:23:30,800 Speaker 1: and said this typewriter thing is pretty awesome. And Remingtons, 424 00:23:30,800 --> 00:23:33,960 Speaker 1: like you said, was looking to make something literally, and 425 00:23:34,119 --> 00:23:37,480 Speaker 1: they said give me a thousand and uh, I guess 426 00:23:37,560 --> 00:23:40,760 Speaker 1: that was just the initial order and it really took off. Um. 427 00:23:41,000 --> 00:23:44,600 Speaker 1: They manufactured them where they manufactured their sewing machines in 428 00:23:44,720 --> 00:23:47,879 Speaker 1: upstate New York, and the what it was known as 429 00:23:48,040 --> 00:23:51,120 Speaker 1: was the Shoals and Glinden typewriter. It's how it was branded. 430 00:23:51,560 --> 00:23:53,240 Speaker 1: And it's it's you can look this one up to 431 00:23:53,359 --> 00:23:56,840 Speaker 1: It's a very pretty, sort of Victorian era looking machine. 432 00:23:56,880 --> 00:23:59,240 Speaker 1: It's actually decorative. They have flowers painted on the case. 433 00:23:59,280 --> 00:24:02,200 Speaker 1: It's it's cool. It looks like an old timey sawing 434 00:24:02,280 --> 00:24:07,479 Speaker 1: machine because apparently Remington's design team were one trick ponies. Um. 435 00:24:07,600 --> 00:24:09,760 Speaker 1: It even had like a foot pedal too for the 436 00:24:09,920 --> 00:24:12,879 Speaker 1: return Like when when the thing dinged, you didn't press 437 00:24:12,920 --> 00:24:14,920 Speaker 1: the lever with your hand, you hit it with the 438 00:24:14,960 --> 00:24:17,280 Speaker 1: foot pedal and it went the carriage returned back to 439 00:24:17,440 --> 00:24:21,920 Speaker 1: the right. Um yeah. Um. So they were like, Okay, 440 00:24:22,000 --> 00:24:24,920 Speaker 1: we're getting closer. Um, this is starting to kind of 441 00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:27,960 Speaker 1: come around. And I think that Shoals and Glinten typewriter 442 00:24:28,119 --> 00:24:30,280 Speaker 1: was the first one that Mark Twain had. If I'm 443 00:24:30,320 --> 00:24:34,840 Speaker 1: not mistaken, I M think so. Yeah, But Shoals invented 444 00:24:34,920 --> 00:24:37,040 Speaker 1: something else, Like this guy is just the inventor that 445 00:24:37,160 --> 00:24:39,800 Speaker 1: keeps on giving as far as typewriters are concerned. In 446 00:24:40,320 --> 00:24:42,680 Speaker 1: seventy eight he invented the shift key. And if you 447 00:24:42,760 --> 00:24:44,919 Speaker 1: were like me and never realized why the shift key 448 00:24:45,000 --> 00:24:47,960 Speaker 1: was called the shift key, then prepared to be amazed, 449 00:24:48,119 --> 00:24:51,840 Speaker 1: because there's an actual reason for it. That's right, when 450 00:24:51,920 --> 00:24:53,480 Speaker 1: you hit the ship, well, we should say that that 451 00:24:53,640 --> 00:24:56,840 Speaker 1: initial shoals in glinten was all caps. Right, that's a 452 00:24:56,880 --> 00:24:59,320 Speaker 1: good point. That was a problem everyone, you know. I 453 00:24:59,400 --> 00:25:03,479 Speaker 1: think actually Twain handed in his manuscript on the Remington two, 454 00:25:03,520 --> 00:25:06,440 Speaker 1: which we're talking about now, But if he had handed 455 00:25:06,440 --> 00:25:07,720 Speaker 1: in the shoals and glint and they would have said, 456 00:25:07,720 --> 00:25:09,320 Speaker 1: why is this guy shouting and everyone all the time? 457 00:25:09,720 --> 00:25:11,720 Speaker 1: It's like life on the Mississippi should be a little 458 00:25:11,720 --> 00:25:15,320 Speaker 1: more laid back life on the uh. So the shift 459 00:25:15,400 --> 00:25:19,960 Speaker 1: key is something that literally shifted everything up. The whole 460 00:25:20,119 --> 00:25:24,480 Speaker 1: carriage shifted up. And like you said earlier, there's the 461 00:25:24,760 --> 00:25:26,800 Speaker 1: lower case letter and the upper case letter just right 462 00:25:26,840 --> 00:25:29,200 Speaker 1: on top of each other. And that's all it took. 463 00:25:29,280 --> 00:25:32,439 Speaker 1: You just it was a mechanical solution again that lifted 464 00:25:32,480 --> 00:25:37,280 Speaker 1: it up where the appropriate uh case of letter would 465 00:25:37,359 --> 00:25:39,280 Speaker 1: hint that ribbon. And that's why they call it the 466 00:25:39,280 --> 00:25:41,560 Speaker 1: shift and they still call it that, which is hysterical. 467 00:25:42,040 --> 00:25:44,640 Speaker 1: It is because you're not shifting anything on a computer, 468 00:25:45,240 --> 00:25:47,719 Speaker 1: but you did physically shift the carriage up and then 469 00:25:47,760 --> 00:25:49,680 Speaker 1: whatever letter was on top, I think the lower case, 470 00:25:50,119 --> 00:25:52,280 Speaker 1: which is still the case. If you press shift, it 471 00:25:52,359 --> 00:25:56,800 Speaker 1: goes to upper case. Right. Yes, well that's that finds 472 00:25:56,880 --> 00:26:00,480 Speaker 1: its source back in the eighteen seventies and up the 473 00:26:00,680 --> 00:26:02,399 Speaker 1: lower case letter at the top of the type bar 474 00:26:02,440 --> 00:26:04,680 Speaker 1: would be too high up to hit the the letter 475 00:26:04,840 --> 00:26:07,360 Speaker 1: or the paper. Now, I just think that's amazing. Yeah, 476 00:26:07,440 --> 00:26:09,480 Speaker 1: it's interesting because we do have a caps lock on 477 00:26:09,600 --> 00:26:12,680 Speaker 1: a computer keyboard. I wonder why they did didn't change 478 00:26:12,720 --> 00:26:15,880 Speaker 1: shift to caps They used to call it shift lock. 479 00:26:17,119 --> 00:26:19,680 Speaker 1: That's true. And also it does more. I forgot that. 480 00:26:19,760 --> 00:26:23,040 Speaker 1: It also does more beyond capitalizing, does percentage and a 481 00:26:23,160 --> 00:26:27,600 Speaker 1: person and all the number secondary functions. But so does shift. 482 00:26:27,760 --> 00:26:30,159 Speaker 1: So caps lock makes even less sense. It should be 483 00:26:30,240 --> 00:26:34,720 Speaker 1: shift lock. It should be shift lock. Yeah, somebody really 484 00:26:34,800 --> 00:26:37,320 Speaker 1: screwed up along the way. No, wait, does cap cap 485 00:26:37,359 --> 00:26:39,720 Speaker 1: slock doesn't do that for the numbers, does it. I'm 486 00:26:39,720 --> 00:26:43,240 Speaker 1: gonna find out right now. I believe it does. Man, 487 00:26:43,400 --> 00:26:46,720 Speaker 1: I'm pretty sure I've literally never tried that. I know, 488 00:26:46,880 --> 00:26:49,760 Speaker 1: I don't think I have either. Let's trust I'm demonstrating 489 00:26:49,800 --> 00:26:53,320 Speaker 1: now capslock engaged. I'm gonna type of three, which is 490 00:26:53,359 --> 00:26:58,720 Speaker 1: a pound sign. No is the three, So calock. We 491 00:26:58,840 --> 00:27:01,520 Speaker 1: just did a live demo on air. I love that. 492 00:27:01,600 --> 00:27:03,639 Speaker 1: There's probably about half the people that were on the 493 00:27:03,720 --> 00:27:05,440 Speaker 1: edge of their seat and half the people are going 494 00:27:06,000 --> 00:27:08,639 Speaker 1: these guys have had the show for how long? And 495 00:27:08,720 --> 00:27:14,640 Speaker 1: they're this tim is the best generation. Uh. Let's talk 496 00:27:14,680 --> 00:27:18,520 Speaker 1: about quirty, our old friend. Quirty is how you say it? 497 00:27:18,720 --> 00:27:23,000 Speaker 1: Or do you say quarity quirty querty? I think I 498 00:27:23,080 --> 00:27:25,520 Speaker 1: say both actually because they both sound right nowhere in 499 00:27:25,560 --> 00:27:30,840 Speaker 1: the well. Querity, as everyone knows, is the style of keyboard, 500 00:27:30,880 --> 00:27:36,040 Speaker 1: the arrangement of the letters on most Western typewriters that 501 00:27:36,119 --> 00:27:38,840 Speaker 1: you'll see. As you'll see and maybe surprise, there are 502 00:27:38,840 --> 00:27:41,200 Speaker 1: a lot of other different arrangements, but the quarty is 503 00:27:41,240 --> 00:27:43,280 Speaker 1: the one that's stuck, and it is named after those 504 00:27:43,320 --> 00:27:47,600 Speaker 1: first six letters on the top row of the typewriter. YEP, 505 00:27:47,760 --> 00:27:49,760 Speaker 1: starting from the left right, that's right, that should have 506 00:27:49,800 --> 00:27:53,720 Speaker 1: said English language, well, not just English language, any Latin alphabet. 507 00:27:53,840 --> 00:27:56,560 Speaker 1: So the abcs those are considered the Latin alphabet. So 508 00:27:56,720 --> 00:28:01,119 Speaker 1: like if you go to um, I don't know Italy, 509 00:28:01,840 --> 00:28:05,720 Speaker 1: uh you you can find Quarity keyboards there too, right. Um, 510 00:28:06,040 --> 00:28:09,760 Speaker 1: But the there's a legend, I guess with Quarity, A 511 00:28:09,840 --> 00:28:12,760 Speaker 1: lot of people say that. Um, and it was Shoals 512 00:28:12,800 --> 00:28:16,240 Speaker 1: who came up with the Quarity keyboard. Yet another amazing 513 00:28:16,320 --> 00:28:20,680 Speaker 1: milestone that this man delivered to humanity. Um. Okay, not 514 00:28:20,760 --> 00:28:22,879 Speaker 1: an amazing milestone, but something that's still around today and 515 00:28:22,960 --> 00:28:26,440 Speaker 1: is mildly interesting to talk about. At least boy really 516 00:28:27,240 --> 00:28:28,960 Speaker 1: cut him out, cut his knees out on that one, 517 00:28:29,000 --> 00:28:32,640 Speaker 1: didn't you. So um he there's a lot of there's 518 00:28:32,640 --> 00:28:35,280 Speaker 1: a legend that he created the Quarity keyboard because people 519 00:28:35,320 --> 00:28:39,640 Speaker 1: were typing too fast. So he because he he originally 520 00:28:39,720 --> 00:28:43,520 Speaker 1: had it alphabetized. And that's true, he originally had them 521 00:28:44,120 --> 00:28:46,840 Speaker 1: the keyboard alphabetized. I think starting from the top left. 522 00:28:46,840 --> 00:28:50,320 Speaker 1: Maybe I'm not sure, but apparently some I think some 523 00:28:50,440 --> 00:28:54,960 Speaker 1: researchers at Kyoto University in Japan did some analysis on 524 00:28:55,080 --> 00:28:57,280 Speaker 1: this legend and we're like, we think this is a myth. 525 00:28:57,480 --> 00:28:59,960 Speaker 1: Apparently Scholz is the kind of guy who would have 526 00:29:00,040 --> 00:29:03,360 Speaker 1: and like people are typing too fast, and my typewriters 527 00:29:03,400 --> 00:29:05,840 Speaker 1: jamming up. He wouldn't have tried to slow the types down. 528 00:29:05,920 --> 00:29:09,200 Speaker 1: He would have tried to have improved the typewriter. But 529 00:29:09,360 --> 00:29:11,600 Speaker 1: more of the point, they think. Actually it was morse 530 00:29:11,720 --> 00:29:16,440 Speaker 1: code operators whose input led to the Querity keyboard from Shoals, 531 00:29:16,720 --> 00:29:20,520 Speaker 1: because if you if you're transcribing my morse code, querity 532 00:29:20,840 --> 00:29:25,040 Speaker 1: layout makes a lot of sense. Really, do you know how? 533 00:29:26,160 --> 00:29:28,240 Speaker 1: I don't. I'm just taking it on faith from the 534 00:29:28,320 --> 00:29:32,160 Speaker 1: Kyoto researchers that that's the case. Yeah. Well, again, he 535 00:29:32,680 --> 00:29:35,320 Speaker 1: made an improvement, and he found that they were more 536 00:29:35,440 --> 00:29:39,600 Speaker 1: likely to jam with a more frequently used letters next 537 00:29:39,640 --> 00:29:43,200 Speaker 1: to each other. So he did, uh. He did some 538 00:29:43,360 --> 00:29:46,239 Speaker 1: thinking about it and decided that if I come, if 539 00:29:46,280 --> 00:29:49,280 Speaker 1: I space these things out the most common two letter combinations, 540 00:29:49,920 --> 00:29:52,800 Speaker 1: then in theory, we should be getting fewer jams. Sure 541 00:29:52,880 --> 00:29:55,080 Speaker 1: it'll happen every now and then, but at least we 542 00:29:55,120 --> 00:29:58,320 Speaker 1: can reduce the number of jams. And that was it. 543 00:29:58,640 --> 00:30:01,080 Speaker 1: But that's not the only altern native, right, What the 544 00:30:01,120 --> 00:30:03,640 Speaker 1: other kind of keyboard? Well, no, they're there are quite 545 00:30:03,640 --> 00:30:07,120 Speaker 1: a few other alternatives to the Querity right. The the 546 00:30:07,280 --> 00:30:10,360 Speaker 1: layout of it, right, yeah, okay, And by the way, 547 00:30:10,520 --> 00:30:14,600 Speaker 1: what you just said was the legend. From what I understand, well, 548 00:30:14,680 --> 00:30:16,920 Speaker 1: I thought he he did not look in the arrange 549 00:30:17,000 --> 00:30:21,000 Speaker 1: them by two letter combinations. I I don't. I don't know. Again, 550 00:30:21,080 --> 00:30:23,280 Speaker 1: I think it's because of the at least Okay, the 551 00:30:23,360 --> 00:30:26,360 Speaker 1: Kyoto people say it's because of the Morse Code operators. 552 00:30:26,560 --> 00:30:29,040 Speaker 1: Other people say no, it absolutely is true that it was. 553 00:30:29,560 --> 00:30:31,959 Speaker 1: It was the he was trying to fix the jam 554 00:30:32,200 --> 00:30:34,800 Speaker 1: We just don't know. It's just interesting to debate. See. 555 00:30:34,920 --> 00:30:36,800 Speaker 1: What I saw was that he was trying to fix 556 00:30:36,920 --> 00:30:40,120 Speaker 1: the jams, but he wasn't so concerned about fast typing. 557 00:30:42,160 --> 00:30:44,840 Speaker 1: Oh okay, yeah, yeah, yeah, I think that's a really 558 00:30:44,880 --> 00:30:46,720 Speaker 1: good point, and it was lost on me until you 559 00:30:46,840 --> 00:30:49,880 Speaker 1: just said that. So, so he was making it so 560 00:30:50,080 --> 00:30:52,320 Speaker 1: letters that were next to each other that you'd frequently 561 00:30:52,520 --> 00:30:55,040 Speaker 1: use wouldn't be used at the same time, and so 562 00:30:55,320 --> 00:30:57,520 Speaker 1: cut down on the chance of them jamming. That's what 563 00:30:57,680 --> 00:31:00,840 Speaker 1: I've heard. But also, you know, maybe it was both. Okay, 564 00:31:01,040 --> 00:31:02,600 Speaker 1: I think we should just spend the rest of this 565 00:31:02,680 --> 00:31:06,360 Speaker 1: episode talking about the querity legend. I think we should 566 00:31:06,360 --> 00:31:09,240 Speaker 1: move on from the quarity to the diet tensor. Yeah, 567 00:31:09,320 --> 00:31:12,000 Speaker 1: you set me up, so there's other keyboard layouts. I 568 00:31:12,080 --> 00:31:15,440 Speaker 1: hadn't heard of diet tens or have you? So a 569 00:31:15,480 --> 00:31:20,320 Speaker 1: guy named George Canfield Blicksender for a wonderful name. He 570 00:31:20,480 --> 00:31:23,720 Speaker 1: did some analysis all the way back in and figured 571 00:31:23,760 --> 00:31:26,080 Speaker 1: out that there was an optimal way to design a 572 00:31:26,200 --> 00:31:30,600 Speaker 1: keyboard UM and by by analyzing the English language, he 573 00:31:30,720 --> 00:31:33,760 Speaker 1: found that if he put d H I A T 574 00:31:33,960 --> 00:31:36,960 Speaker 1: E N, s O and R and I believe the 575 00:31:37,040 --> 00:31:42,760 Speaker 1: middle row um, he the I think of all English 576 00:31:42,880 --> 00:31:45,680 Speaker 1: words would use those letters. And the reason why the 577 00:31:45,760 --> 00:31:50,640 Speaker 1: middle row is important is because were they Okay, Well, 578 00:31:50,720 --> 00:31:53,760 Speaker 1: in other keyboard layouts to come, they usually put the 579 00:31:53,840 --> 00:31:57,680 Speaker 1: most important letters in the middle row because that's considered 580 00:31:57,720 --> 00:32:02,920 Speaker 1: the home row where the home um position right. Yeah, okay, 581 00:32:03,080 --> 00:32:04,760 Speaker 1: but so he said to heck with that, I'm not 582 00:32:04,880 --> 00:32:07,880 Speaker 1: including that. But regardless whatever row, the d H I 583 00:32:08,040 --> 00:32:11,000 Speaker 1: in t E d h I A T E N, 584 00:32:11,320 --> 00:32:15,280 Speaker 1: s O, R was in bottom row, I guess of 585 00:32:15,360 --> 00:32:18,240 Speaker 1: all English words would use those letters, so you would 586 00:32:18,280 --> 00:32:21,000 Speaker 1: be able to type most words without even leaving the 587 00:32:21,040 --> 00:32:23,760 Speaker 1: bottom row, which would let you type way fast. Yeah. 588 00:32:23,800 --> 00:32:25,560 Speaker 1: I guess he just had a different idea of where 589 00:32:25,640 --> 00:32:30,480 Speaker 1: home was because he went bottom up. UM the diet 590 00:32:30,560 --> 00:32:32,640 Speaker 1: in stars on the bottom in the middle row had 591 00:32:34,920 --> 00:32:38,000 Speaker 1: of all English words use those letters, and then at 592 00:32:38,000 --> 00:32:41,200 Speaker 1: the top row only two percent. So he really, uh, 593 00:32:41,360 --> 00:32:44,160 Speaker 1: he really went all in on the bottom end, he did. 594 00:32:44,960 --> 00:32:48,360 Speaker 1: And then there's another one called the Divorak simplified keyboard, 595 00:32:48,400 --> 00:32:51,000 Speaker 1: and apparently this one is still popular. It was created 596 00:32:51,040 --> 00:32:53,640 Speaker 1: in the thirties. Yeah, I think this one, if I'm 597 00:32:53,640 --> 00:32:56,040 Speaker 1: not mistaken, and I didn't do much digging, but I 598 00:32:56,120 --> 00:32:58,080 Speaker 1: think the Divorak is the one that really has a 599 00:32:58,160 --> 00:33:03,480 Speaker 1: lot of very past and it proponents still UM and 600 00:33:03,640 --> 00:33:07,440 Speaker 1: and like you can get Divorak keyboards, right, Yeah, I 601 00:33:07,520 --> 00:33:10,120 Speaker 1: think it's I think it's it's a setting or an 602 00:33:10,120 --> 00:33:12,840 Speaker 1: app you can download for your phone or your computer. 603 00:33:13,120 --> 00:33:15,360 Speaker 1: At that time, I don't know if you could order it, 604 00:33:15,640 --> 00:33:18,840 Speaker 1: maybe from like Alien where I could see them creating those. 605 00:33:19,320 --> 00:33:21,360 Speaker 1: I don't even know what that is. It's like a 606 00:33:21,440 --> 00:33:25,280 Speaker 1: gamer system computer. But the Divorak is the one that 607 00:33:25,840 --> 00:33:28,600 Speaker 1: really has like a lot of people still out there 608 00:33:28,680 --> 00:33:33,200 Speaker 1: saying puirty uh stinks And the Dvorak is what we 609 00:33:33,200 --> 00:33:37,280 Speaker 1: should have done, uh, Dr August Divorac was the inventor, 610 00:33:37,680 --> 00:33:40,200 Speaker 1: like you said, and I think it was six specifically, 611 00:33:40,320 --> 00:33:42,760 Speaker 1: but UM also did a lot of studying of the 612 00:33:42,800 --> 00:33:45,800 Speaker 1: English language. And also apparently this had a lot to 613 00:33:45,880 --> 00:33:52,080 Speaker 1: do with um fatigue for your finkies, right, because he 614 00:33:52,240 --> 00:33:55,600 Speaker 1: put I think the consonants the most used consonants on 615 00:33:55,680 --> 00:33:58,720 Speaker 1: the right side and the vowels on the left, and 616 00:33:59,400 --> 00:34:02,640 Speaker 1: you were a to type many more words staying in 617 00:34:02,720 --> 00:34:05,600 Speaker 1: that home position. And again, I think home position is 618 00:34:05,640 --> 00:34:08,640 Speaker 1: typically the middle of the middle row with the act 619 00:34:08,960 --> 00:34:13,080 Speaker 1: the absolute middle two keys not touched, but the other 620 00:34:14,000 --> 00:34:16,840 Speaker 1: the other eight keys are touched by your fingers, and 621 00:34:16,880 --> 00:34:18,600 Speaker 1: then both of your thumbs are on the space bar. 622 00:34:19,160 --> 00:34:21,840 Speaker 1: That's right now, Like I I think, Chuck, we should 623 00:34:21,920 --> 00:34:24,600 Speaker 1: explain this, Like people are just left to pick up 624 00:34:24,640 --> 00:34:27,359 Speaker 1: typing on their own today because it's so ubiquitous. There 625 00:34:27,440 --> 00:34:31,239 Speaker 1: were classes in high school you referenced earlier, taking one 626 00:34:31,400 --> 00:34:33,120 Speaker 1: I got out of it. I really didn't want to 627 00:34:33,360 --> 00:34:36,000 Speaker 1: take typing, but they would teach you typing. They would 628 00:34:36,040 --> 00:34:39,120 Speaker 1: take an hour out of the day to to go 629 00:34:39,239 --> 00:34:42,440 Speaker 1: to typing class and you would learn to type. Right. Well, yeah, 630 00:34:42,480 --> 00:34:43,880 Speaker 1: this is where I was going to ask you, like, 631 00:34:44,400 --> 00:34:47,040 Speaker 1: what you're typing method is? Like I took the typing class. 632 00:34:47,040 --> 00:34:49,560 Speaker 1: It was typing shorthand and it was one of those 633 00:34:49,560 --> 00:34:52,160 Speaker 1: classes where you did like three things in a quarter. Yeah, 634 00:34:52,320 --> 00:34:55,040 Speaker 1: it was typing, shorthand or speedwriting, which I've talked about 635 00:34:55,040 --> 00:34:59,400 Speaker 1: in another episode. I guess the shorthand episode, and I 636 00:34:59,520 --> 00:35:02,879 Speaker 1: think the third one was like does classes. It told 637 00:35:02,920 --> 00:35:05,200 Speaker 1: you like how to keep a bank account and right 638 00:35:05,280 --> 00:35:07,920 Speaker 1: checks and stuff, which is funny now, like you can 639 00:35:08,000 --> 00:35:10,399 Speaker 1: teach you that in a day. And yet we had 640 00:35:10,440 --> 00:35:14,120 Speaker 1: like a third of a quarter. But I never learned 641 00:35:14,200 --> 00:35:17,320 Speaker 1: to type properly, even though I took that typing class. 642 00:35:17,440 --> 00:35:23,160 Speaker 1: I am a almost a no look typus now, but 643 00:35:23,360 --> 00:35:27,240 Speaker 1: it's just from repetition, it is. I don't type correctly. 644 00:35:27,400 --> 00:35:30,560 Speaker 1: I think I type with my my pointer in my 645 00:35:31,080 --> 00:35:34,479 Speaker 1: middle fingers generally only sometimes I use the ring finger 646 00:35:34,520 --> 00:35:37,080 Speaker 1: a little, never used the pinky I never used. Are 647 00:35:37,080 --> 00:35:38,800 Speaker 1: you even supposed to use your thumb? I don't remember. 648 00:35:39,560 --> 00:35:42,279 Speaker 1: I think for space for spacing, I don't use the 649 00:35:42,360 --> 00:35:44,800 Speaker 1: thumb at all. So I'm a hunter and a pecker 650 00:35:44,840 --> 00:35:48,040 Speaker 1: who just got really fast and memorized the keyboard. So 651 00:35:48,200 --> 00:35:52,040 Speaker 1: you still generally hunting peck, but really fast. Well, hunting 652 00:35:52,040 --> 00:35:54,200 Speaker 1: and pecking looks like you're seeking it, like I've memorized 653 00:35:54,239 --> 00:35:56,880 Speaker 1: the keyboard. But what I mean to say, is I 654 00:35:56,920 --> 00:35:59,680 Speaker 1: don't type properly, Like in typing class they would say, like, 655 00:36:00,200 --> 00:36:03,480 Speaker 1: your pinky hits the p or whatever, and I was 656 00:36:03,520 --> 00:36:07,520 Speaker 1: just my pinky. My pinky isn't that you know. My 657 00:36:07,600 --> 00:36:09,520 Speaker 1: pinky is a bad finky. It doesn't do what I 658 00:36:09,600 --> 00:36:11,759 Speaker 1: sell it to all the time. My pinky is my 659 00:36:11,840 --> 00:36:15,200 Speaker 1: worst guitar finger. So it's like, oh, yeah, yeah, I 660 00:36:15,320 --> 00:36:17,960 Speaker 1: just I don't have a lot of dexterity with my pinky. 661 00:36:19,160 --> 00:36:21,440 Speaker 1: I don't know if that's a lame duck personal issue. 662 00:36:22,400 --> 00:36:24,120 Speaker 1: I never really thought. I'd never trained my pinky to 663 00:36:24,200 --> 00:36:27,000 Speaker 1: do much. I've never really given that much thought to 664 00:36:27,080 --> 00:36:29,440 Speaker 1: how I type either. But I started out as a 665 00:36:29,520 --> 00:36:32,279 Speaker 1: hunter pecker and then now I'm a full typist. But 666 00:36:32,560 --> 00:36:35,239 Speaker 1: I'm totally self taught, never never had a lesson. But 667 00:36:35,320 --> 00:36:38,160 Speaker 1: do you type properly according to like the classroom instruction? 668 00:36:38,360 --> 00:36:41,040 Speaker 1: I don't know. I see here we go, I think 669 00:36:41,080 --> 00:36:43,600 Speaker 1: I start. I think, do you think a kind of 670 00:36:44,360 --> 00:36:46,600 Speaker 1: I don't. I don't know where I start. I've got 671 00:36:46,719 --> 00:36:49,439 Speaker 1: to pay attention to this. I've never stopped and thought 672 00:36:49,480 --> 00:36:51,520 Speaker 1: about where I put it. But I think I generally 673 00:36:51,600 --> 00:36:54,920 Speaker 1: start in the home on the home, Yeah, in the 674 00:36:54,960 --> 00:36:57,360 Speaker 1: home position. I think I do. That feels natural, okay, 675 00:36:58,440 --> 00:37:00,640 Speaker 1: so um, but yeah, it is kind of neat to 676 00:37:00,680 --> 00:37:03,000 Speaker 1: be able to boast to be like a self taught 677 00:37:03,040 --> 00:37:05,600 Speaker 1: type is because people out there did learning in class. 678 00:37:05,600 --> 00:37:07,120 Speaker 1: I was talking to you me about it, and she's like, 679 00:37:07,320 --> 00:37:09,719 Speaker 1: are you guys going to talk about the computer games 680 00:37:09,760 --> 00:37:14,440 Speaker 1: that taught you typing? Not play those? So um. There's 681 00:37:14,480 --> 00:37:17,080 Speaker 1: one I looked up that was really popular called type Master, 682 00:37:17,440 --> 00:37:19,719 Speaker 1: where you would you were a UFO and there was 683 00:37:19,760 --> 00:37:22,400 Speaker 1: like space invaders coming at you and each one had 684 00:37:22,400 --> 00:37:24,560 Speaker 1: a word associated with it, so you type the word 685 00:37:24,640 --> 00:37:29,680 Speaker 1: really fast before the alien got to stressful. Yeah, it 686 00:37:29,719 --> 00:37:35,000 Speaker 1: would make typing stressful. Where's the laser? Right? Right? So 687 00:37:35,880 --> 00:37:37,880 Speaker 1: they started typing, I think all the way back in 688 00:37:37,960 --> 00:37:40,879 Speaker 1: the eighteen seventies they started teaching people typing. I think 689 00:37:40,960 --> 00:37:43,279 Speaker 1: the y w C A of New York was one 690 00:37:43,320 --> 00:37:46,080 Speaker 1: of the first groups to teach typing, and it just 691 00:37:46,200 --> 00:37:49,279 Speaker 1: kept going on from there. Because this is not Typewriters 692 00:37:49,320 --> 00:37:53,400 Speaker 1: were not an intuitive machine, like they didn't really they 693 00:37:53,480 --> 00:37:56,600 Speaker 1: weren't laid out of alphabetically. We don't just normally use 694 00:37:56,640 --> 00:38:00,279 Speaker 1: our fingers for such endeavors, Like it's something you had 695 00:38:00,360 --> 00:38:03,319 Speaker 1: to learn. But they were able to teach enough people 696 00:38:03,440 --> 00:38:05,640 Speaker 1: and get across the importance of it to enough people 697 00:38:05,880 --> 00:38:08,400 Speaker 1: that typewriters like weren't just a passing fad like a 698 00:38:08,480 --> 00:38:11,440 Speaker 1: lot of people initially thought they were. That's right, very 699 00:38:11,480 --> 00:38:13,640 Speaker 1: cool and it, as we'll see after the break, it 700 00:38:13,760 --> 00:38:17,439 Speaker 1: changed the workforce. Um. But before we break real quick, 701 00:38:17,440 --> 00:38:18,560 Speaker 1: we do want to point out there are a lot 702 00:38:18,600 --> 00:38:22,239 Speaker 1: of other keyboards in the world, their language specific keyboards. 703 00:38:23,040 --> 00:38:26,839 Speaker 1: French keyboards say as ort and that home top row. 704 00:38:27,120 --> 00:38:30,040 Speaker 1: I think Germans say set of querity quarts with a 705 00:38:30,160 --> 00:38:35,920 Speaker 1: Z and they're brail keyboards. There are uh, there are 706 00:38:36,400 --> 00:38:41,160 Speaker 1: cool Japanese typewriters. Man, those are complicated. Yeah, no kidding. 707 00:38:41,600 --> 00:38:44,600 Speaker 1: Have you ever typed on one? No? I I can't. 708 00:38:45,080 --> 00:38:47,600 Speaker 1: I can't figure it out. Like I I read descriptions 709 00:38:47,600 --> 00:38:49,360 Speaker 1: on how to use them. I'm like, I don't understand 710 00:38:49,440 --> 00:38:52,320 Speaker 1: this at all because they're in kanji, the Japanese characters, 711 00:38:52,320 --> 00:38:56,120 Speaker 1: So there's thousands of characters. Yeah, pretty amazing. Have you 712 00:38:56,160 --> 00:38:58,960 Speaker 1: ever used one? Oh? No, no, no, okay, yeah, they 713 00:38:59,040 --> 00:39:02,480 Speaker 1: look pretty neat. Uh shall we take that break? Yeah, 714 00:39:02,600 --> 00:39:04,359 Speaker 1: let's all right, We'll take that break and we'll talk 715 00:39:04,360 --> 00:39:31,520 Speaker 1: about how typing changed everything right after this. Okay, so um, 716 00:39:31,880 --> 00:39:34,880 Speaker 1: the Remington number two that I think you mentioned was 717 00:39:35,040 --> 00:39:38,200 Speaker 1: Mark Twain's second typewriter. Um that was the first one 718 00:39:38,280 --> 00:39:42,560 Speaker 1: to like really blow up. It came out and it 719 00:39:42,760 --> 00:39:45,800 Speaker 1: was like the typewriter for a very long time, for 720 00:39:45,880 --> 00:39:48,680 Speaker 1: at least a decade um. But one of the things 721 00:39:48,760 --> 00:39:51,440 Speaker 1: about the Remington Number two and all the other typewriters 722 00:39:51,920 --> 00:39:54,879 Speaker 1: at the time was you couldn't see what you were 723 00:39:54,960 --> 00:39:58,000 Speaker 1: typing while you were typing because the type bars were 724 00:39:58,080 --> 00:40:03,600 Speaker 1: striking the paper from underneath, so you couldn't watch yourself 725 00:40:03,680 --> 00:40:05,919 Speaker 1: type at all. You just had to hope for the best. 726 00:40:06,280 --> 00:40:09,040 Speaker 1: That's right. They were called up strike or understrike or 727 00:40:09,120 --> 00:40:12,719 Speaker 1: blind typewriters, And you had to lift that carriage up 728 00:40:13,400 --> 00:40:15,480 Speaker 1: that was on a hinge to see what you had done, 729 00:40:15,520 --> 00:40:16,840 Speaker 1: to see if you had made a mistake or not, 730 00:40:17,040 --> 00:40:18,560 Speaker 1: or whether or not that's what you wanted to say. 731 00:40:19,280 --> 00:40:23,000 Speaker 1: And along comes the Underwood. I wanted to Underwood. I 732 00:40:23,040 --> 00:40:25,000 Speaker 1: got a Royal, that's fine, my mom did a great job, 733 00:40:25,080 --> 00:40:26,719 Speaker 1: but I kind of wanted to Underwood because that's the 734 00:40:26,760 --> 00:40:30,600 Speaker 1: classic old mechanical typewriter in my mother. That was the 735 00:40:30,719 --> 00:40:35,080 Speaker 1: first front stroke visible typewriter to hit the market. Invented 736 00:40:35,120 --> 00:40:39,520 Speaker 1: by France Xavier uh Wagner or Wagner, I'm not sure. 737 00:40:40,360 --> 00:40:43,280 Speaker 1: And John T. Underwood, you're psychic? Is it called the Underwood? 738 00:40:43,560 --> 00:40:46,840 Speaker 1: He was Office Supply magnate and he bought that patent. 739 00:40:46,960 --> 00:40:48,560 Speaker 1: He said, I'm gonna call it the Underwood as if 740 00:40:48,560 --> 00:40:52,279 Speaker 1: I invented it. And it was that was That was 741 00:40:52,400 --> 00:40:54,520 Speaker 1: kind of it. That was a big change, game changer, 742 00:40:54,600 --> 00:40:58,680 Speaker 1: and everything moving forward was front facing. Yeah, it's set 743 00:40:58,719 --> 00:41:02,239 Speaker 1: the design stand until the IBM Selectric came out in 744 00:41:02,360 --> 00:41:07,120 Speaker 1: nineteen sixty one. Basically, you know, seventy the sixty five 745 00:41:07,200 --> 00:41:10,480 Speaker 1: years later, I guess um. And the Underwood was different 746 00:41:10,560 --> 00:41:13,560 Speaker 1: because you could see what you were typing. The type 747 00:41:13,600 --> 00:41:16,040 Speaker 1: bar struck the platin in front of you rather than 748 00:41:16,080 --> 00:41:19,680 Speaker 1: from underneath. There was one shift key keyboard was in 749 00:41:19,800 --> 00:41:22,840 Speaker 1: four rows. The numbers and the symbols were at the 750 00:41:22,960 --> 00:41:25,720 Speaker 1: very top row. Basically everything you kind of think about 751 00:41:25,760 --> 00:41:28,920 Speaker 1: as a keyboard today was that Underwood that came out 752 00:41:29,000 --> 00:41:34,640 Speaker 1: way back in eight Yeah, we talked about the workforce changing, 753 00:41:35,440 --> 00:41:38,560 Speaker 1: and this is one of those things where we'll just 754 00:41:38,640 --> 00:41:41,080 Speaker 1: tell it how it happened. It was a time when 755 00:41:42,239 --> 00:41:45,920 Speaker 1: women did not work in the office world. They weren't 756 00:41:46,000 --> 00:41:50,440 Speaker 1: part of that workforce. And from the very beginning the typewriter. 757 00:41:51,239 --> 00:41:54,759 Speaker 1: There was a book in the eight called Manual of 758 00:41:54,840 --> 00:41:58,520 Speaker 1: the Typewriter where it's writer, author John Harrison, talks about 759 00:41:59,040 --> 00:42:02,560 Speaker 1: it being especially really like fit for feminine fingers. It's 760 00:42:02,600 --> 00:42:05,640 Speaker 1: like they seem to be made for women. Uh, you know, 761 00:42:05,719 --> 00:42:08,279 Speaker 1: there's not a lot of hard labor involved, and a 762 00:42:08,360 --> 00:42:10,600 Speaker 1: lot of women play piano and that's a similar skill 763 00:42:10,680 --> 00:42:15,320 Speaker 1: as that. And in eighteen seventy, Uh, this is a 764 00:42:15,400 --> 00:42:18,400 Speaker 1: stat that's really revealing. Two point five of the clerical 765 00:42:18,480 --> 00:42:21,880 Speaker 1: workforce were women in eighteen seventy and in nineteen thirty, 766 00:42:22,280 --> 00:42:25,640 Speaker 1: thanks to the typewriter, that rose to fifty two point 767 00:42:25,719 --> 00:42:29,240 Speaker 1: five per cent man and plus also the clerical workforce 768 00:42:29,320 --> 00:42:32,960 Speaker 1: itself grew because of the typewriter, because before that you 769 00:42:33,040 --> 00:42:36,360 Speaker 1: had like Bartleby the scrivener types where they were copying 770 00:42:36,520 --> 00:42:39,560 Speaker 1: by hand, like legal documents and stuff like that. There 771 00:42:39,640 --> 00:42:42,600 Speaker 1: just wasn't as much paperwork because it was so so 772 00:42:42,760 --> 00:42:46,600 Speaker 1: much more time consuming and difficult. But Shoals the typewriter 773 00:42:46,760 --> 00:42:50,480 Speaker 1: hero of the century UM or millennia, really, if you 774 00:42:50,560 --> 00:42:53,839 Speaker 1: think about it, um He was very proud of his, um, 775 00:42:54,160 --> 00:42:57,840 Speaker 1: his uh invention because he saw that it allowed it 776 00:42:57,960 --> 00:43:00,600 Speaker 1: was an entrance for women into the world place. They 777 00:43:00,760 --> 00:43:03,279 Speaker 1: came out of the home. And it's it's not it's 778 00:43:03,400 --> 00:43:05,759 Speaker 1: incorrect to say that the typewriter is what got women 779 00:43:05,800 --> 00:43:07,920 Speaker 1: in the workplace. Actually was a civil war in the 780 00:43:07,960 --> 00:43:11,759 Speaker 1: federal government hiring women for clerical positions. But it gave 781 00:43:11,840 --> 00:43:16,280 Speaker 1: women a completely different type of um life and salary 782 00:43:16,600 --> 00:43:19,240 Speaker 1: and um much more I don't want to say equal footing, 783 00:43:19,280 --> 00:43:21,080 Speaker 1: but it got a foot in the door into the 784 00:43:21,200 --> 00:43:24,160 Speaker 1: office world, um thanks to the typewriter because people I 785 00:43:24,200 --> 00:43:27,840 Speaker 1: saw it described as secretarial work was associated with typewriters, 786 00:43:28,040 --> 00:43:30,600 Speaker 1: and women were associated with secretaries. And it just took 787 00:43:30,640 --> 00:43:33,640 Speaker 1: off from there, right and again we're not saying that, 788 00:43:33,840 --> 00:43:36,040 Speaker 1: you know, and before you know it, they were CEO 789 00:43:36,280 --> 00:43:39,520 Speaker 1: s like there is still uh so much work to 790 00:43:39,600 --> 00:43:42,880 Speaker 1: be done on that front, but just getting inside the 791 00:43:43,000 --> 00:43:45,759 Speaker 1: room is a big, big deal, and that got more 792 00:43:45,840 --> 00:43:49,120 Speaker 1: and more women inside the room. Uh. They were kept 793 00:43:49,200 --> 00:43:52,720 Speaker 1: apart for a little while late nineteenth and early twentieth century. 794 00:43:52,760 --> 00:43:55,040 Speaker 1: They didn't think men and women could like work in 795 00:43:55,120 --> 00:43:57,759 Speaker 1: the same rooms as one another. Uh, So they had 796 00:43:57,800 --> 00:44:00,560 Speaker 1: what was called typing pools, which was lit really where 797 00:44:00,920 --> 00:44:03,480 Speaker 1: all these women type, these these huge rooms with like 798 00:44:03,680 --> 00:44:05,960 Speaker 1: you know, a hundred typewriters that you've seen in movies 799 00:44:06,520 --> 00:44:08,600 Speaker 1: and these women just typing away. That was the typing 800 00:44:08,640 --> 00:44:11,400 Speaker 1: pool and then they would integrate the offices in that 801 00:44:11,480 --> 00:44:14,920 Speaker 1: way before too long, right, And also the whole idea 802 00:44:14,960 --> 00:44:17,080 Speaker 1: of like, well, women's places in the home, why are 803 00:44:17,120 --> 00:44:19,720 Speaker 1: we trying to get them into the workplace? This is wrong? 804 00:44:20,400 --> 00:44:24,360 Speaker 1: Like that's the process of modernization unfolding, like like we 805 00:44:24,480 --> 00:44:27,840 Speaker 1: talked about in the Fundamental Fundamentalism episode, Like that is 806 00:44:27,880 --> 00:44:33,200 Speaker 1: a perfect example of modernization happening. Um again though it's 807 00:44:33,239 --> 00:44:34,960 Speaker 1: it's like you said it was. It was something, but 808 00:44:35,080 --> 00:44:37,719 Speaker 1: it definitely wasn't everything, and it wasn't like throwing a 809 00:44:37,800 --> 00:44:42,040 Speaker 1: switch because you had to be UM single, typically young 810 00:44:42,520 --> 00:44:46,320 Speaker 1: and UM well educated to be a typist in the 811 00:44:46,400 --> 00:44:50,920 Speaker 1: business world, especially early on UM and when you were 812 00:44:51,040 --> 00:44:54,160 Speaker 1: married then your role was definitely back in the home. 813 00:44:54,280 --> 00:44:57,080 Speaker 1: So you would get married. Oftentimes you would meet some 814 00:44:57,320 --> 00:45:01,880 Speaker 1: somebody at work and marry them and they'd be like, Okay, congratulations, 815 00:45:02,080 --> 00:45:04,560 Speaker 1: you're fired, and that was that, you know, and then 816 00:45:04,600 --> 00:45:06,799 Speaker 1: you went off to become a homemaker. So yeah, there's 817 00:45:06,840 --> 00:45:08,759 Speaker 1: still a lot of work to do, but there was 818 00:45:08,880 --> 00:45:11,320 Speaker 1: a lot of work that had been done from you know, 819 00:45:11,480 --> 00:45:15,520 Speaker 1: the twenties and the thirties up to today. That's right. Uh, 820 00:45:15,840 --> 00:45:18,440 Speaker 1: we need to skip forward in time a little bit 821 00:45:18,480 --> 00:45:21,000 Speaker 1: because we've been talking about manual typewriters this whole time. 822 00:45:21,880 --> 00:45:24,440 Speaker 1: And you know, we said the word game changer a lot, 823 00:45:24,560 --> 00:45:27,640 Speaker 1: the real game changer because they were you know, electric 824 00:45:27,800 --> 00:45:33,239 Speaker 1: typewriters starting in like the nineteen twenties where things were motorized, 825 00:45:33,719 --> 00:45:37,560 Speaker 1: but it wasn't until the nineteen sixties with the introduction 826 00:45:37,640 --> 00:45:41,200 Speaker 1: you mentioned it earlier of that IBM S electric typewriter 827 00:45:42,160 --> 00:45:46,080 Speaker 1: and the type ball that was what really changed everything. 828 00:45:46,520 --> 00:45:49,960 Speaker 1: If you look at an old electric typewriter, I mean, 829 00:45:50,239 --> 00:45:51,920 Speaker 1: this is what we learned on in high school. Like 830 00:45:52,000 --> 00:45:54,320 Speaker 1: that was the sort of the go to before the 831 00:45:54,360 --> 00:45:57,600 Speaker 1: word processor. And Dave described it and it's pretty appropriate. 832 00:45:57,719 --> 00:46:00,080 Speaker 1: It's about the size of a golf ball, but some 833 00:46:00,200 --> 00:46:02,080 Speaker 1: boss with all the letters all the way around it. 834 00:46:02,560 --> 00:46:04,360 Speaker 1: And there is this you need to check out this 835 00:46:04,520 --> 00:46:09,279 Speaker 1: video on YouTube of how the selectric actually works. It's 836 00:46:09,719 --> 00:46:13,120 Speaker 1: an amazing marvel of engineering. There are actual cables that 837 00:46:13,440 --> 00:46:16,840 Speaker 1: spin super super fast, I think seven tenths of a 838 00:46:16,960 --> 00:46:21,200 Speaker 1: second to get the right uh character into place to 839 00:46:21,800 --> 00:46:23,759 Speaker 1: meet with that ribbon, or I guess it wouldn't even 840 00:46:23,760 --> 00:46:27,000 Speaker 1: a ribbon at that point, was it. I think the 841 00:46:27,160 --> 00:46:30,600 Speaker 1: ribbon does come up still, but it's the ball um, 842 00:46:30,960 --> 00:46:34,760 Speaker 1: the spin and the tilt. It's just got really impressive 843 00:46:34,840 --> 00:46:37,200 Speaker 1: y'all control. Yeah, and you didn't have to wind the 844 00:46:37,280 --> 00:46:38,920 Speaker 1: ribbon anymore. I think that was the deal. Was just 845 00:46:39,040 --> 00:46:44,000 Speaker 1: all uh electrifide and all that video you're referenced UM. 846 00:46:44,080 --> 00:46:48,040 Speaker 1: You can look up engineer guy on YouTube and IBM 847 00:46:48,080 --> 00:46:50,520 Speaker 1: S electric and he does a really great job of 848 00:46:50,640 --> 00:46:54,160 Speaker 1: explaining it UM and how it uses UH some a 849 00:46:54,239 --> 00:46:57,680 Speaker 1: series of levers called a whiffle tree, but basically your 850 00:46:57,840 --> 00:47:01,960 Speaker 1: your mechanical input from your your finger triggered a series 851 00:47:02,040 --> 00:47:04,600 Speaker 1: of motors that would make this thing happen again in 852 00:47:04,680 --> 00:47:07,280 Speaker 1: like seven tenths of a second. It's it was really impressive. 853 00:47:07,320 --> 00:47:11,000 Speaker 1: It's still impressive to see UM. And that changed everything 854 00:47:11,120 --> 00:47:13,680 Speaker 1: because before, when you were typing on a manual type 855 00:47:13,760 --> 00:47:16,120 Speaker 1: or you had to press really hard, and if that's 856 00:47:16,120 --> 00:47:19,120 Speaker 1: all you're doing for eight hours a day, your hands 857 00:47:19,280 --> 00:47:22,839 Speaker 1: started to hurt. Probably by midday Tuesday, I'm guessing, UM, 858 00:47:23,000 --> 00:47:25,280 Speaker 1: this was totally different. You just kind of barely pressed 859 00:47:25,360 --> 00:47:26,839 Speaker 1: the button and all of a sudden the thing would 860 00:47:26,880 --> 00:47:30,720 Speaker 1: just respond fully to your to that to that button press, 861 00:47:31,000 --> 00:47:34,000 Speaker 1: so that really helped. It also made everybody a lot faster. 862 00:47:34,400 --> 00:47:36,719 Speaker 1: And there was some other like cool components that were 863 00:47:36,719 --> 00:47:39,600 Speaker 1: added later, Like I think this electric was the first 864 00:47:39,680 --> 00:47:44,280 Speaker 1: one to use basically UM disk drives. I think onboard 865 00:47:44,360 --> 00:47:47,560 Speaker 1: disc drives to store you know, a whopping, you know, 866 00:47:47,960 --> 00:47:50,880 Speaker 1: thirty words at a time or something like that. UM. 867 00:47:51,000 --> 00:47:53,200 Speaker 1: But that was huge because it means it meant you 868 00:47:53,239 --> 00:47:56,360 Speaker 1: could type a letter once and then you could recall 869 00:47:56,480 --> 00:47:59,520 Speaker 1: the letter and print it again. You could edit it, 870 00:47:59,640 --> 00:48:01,320 Speaker 1: you could you all sorts of neat things. So that 871 00:48:01,440 --> 00:48:04,480 Speaker 1: made this electric also the first word processor, right, and 872 00:48:04,520 --> 00:48:07,799 Speaker 1: these are electric, there's a difference. There are also electronic 873 00:48:07,880 --> 00:48:10,920 Speaker 1: typewriters that came along and that was sort of the 874 00:48:11,000 --> 00:48:14,320 Speaker 1: next evolution in the game. And they used circuit boards, 875 00:48:14,920 --> 00:48:18,920 Speaker 1: silicone chips and everything to control those motors and memories. Uh. 876 00:48:19,040 --> 00:48:22,440 Speaker 1: Because the electric was UM while powered by electricity, was 877 00:48:22,480 --> 00:48:25,759 Speaker 1: still a very sort of mechanical machine in the in 878 00:48:25,840 --> 00:48:29,800 Speaker 1: the insides, in the guts, UH, and the electronic typewriters 879 00:48:29,840 --> 00:48:33,360 Speaker 1: came around in nineteen eight, and I guess that's what 880 00:48:33,480 --> 00:48:35,880 Speaker 1: I was using in high school actually, but they were 881 00:48:35,880 --> 00:48:38,600 Speaker 1: still electronic. Yeah, yeah, but they were still IBM s. 882 00:48:39,280 --> 00:48:42,000 Speaker 1: I don't know. I could see public schools still having 883 00:48:42,360 --> 00:48:45,120 Speaker 1: the old typewriters by the time you were in school. 884 00:48:45,680 --> 00:48:48,600 Speaker 1: I don't think so. From the sixties, well maybe, yeah, 885 00:48:48,600 --> 00:48:51,680 Speaker 1: because I mean the electronic typewriters arrived in seventy eight. 886 00:48:51,800 --> 00:48:54,680 Speaker 1: You know that IBM was still making electrics then, yeah, 887 00:48:54,760 --> 00:48:57,719 Speaker 1: that's true, So it's possible you were using this selectric 888 00:48:57,800 --> 00:48:59,680 Speaker 1: I mean, was there like a little l c D 889 00:48:59,840 --> 00:49:03,719 Speaker 1: screen on your on your typewriter? Well, then, my friend, 890 00:49:03,800 --> 00:49:07,279 Speaker 1: that was an IBM Selectric brand. Oh did all the 891 00:49:07,360 --> 00:49:09,800 Speaker 1: electronics have those? I think most of them did. I 892 00:49:09,840 --> 00:49:12,480 Speaker 1: think it was a pretty quickly introduced thing that you 893 00:49:12,560 --> 00:49:14,040 Speaker 1: had the little l c D print out so you 894 00:49:14,120 --> 00:49:18,280 Speaker 1: could see what you had just typed before the typewriter 895 00:49:18,400 --> 00:49:21,040 Speaker 1: actually typed it up onto the paper, So I think 896 00:49:21,080 --> 00:49:22,839 Speaker 1: you could edit it and rearrange it and do all 897 00:49:22,880 --> 00:49:26,399 Speaker 1: sorts of stuff, which is the definition of word processing. Yeah, 898 00:49:26,560 --> 00:49:28,920 Speaker 1: that's what mean, that's what I ended up getting in college, 899 00:49:30,000 --> 00:49:31,680 Speaker 1: and I think mine might have been a brother. But 900 00:49:32,120 --> 00:49:33,799 Speaker 1: they looked you know, day makes a good point. They 901 00:49:33,840 --> 00:49:37,360 Speaker 1: look better than printing something out from your computer at 902 00:49:37,400 --> 00:49:42,520 Speaker 1: the time because not matrix printers uh stunk. And this 903 00:49:42,680 --> 00:49:44,480 Speaker 1: looked way better. This looked like you typed it out 904 00:49:44,520 --> 00:49:49,480 Speaker 1: by hand. Uh, well, because you did. Um. I think 905 00:49:49,840 --> 00:49:54,640 Speaker 1: the Xerox Memory Writer six thirty was a big game changer, 906 00:49:54,800 --> 00:49:58,239 Speaker 1: and it had twenty lines of display, which was a 907 00:49:58,360 --> 00:50:01,879 Speaker 1: lot um but it also ca in today's dollars more 908 00:50:01,960 --> 00:50:05,200 Speaker 1: than ten grand. Yeah, it was like a major piece 909 00:50:05,239 --> 00:50:09,359 Speaker 1: of office equipment in there's I didn't have any money 910 00:50:09,400 --> 00:50:13,200 Speaker 1: back then. I bought something used and it was not this. 911 00:50:13,600 --> 00:50:16,040 Speaker 1: There's no way. I mean, they just got a lot 912 00:50:16,160 --> 00:50:19,880 Speaker 1: cheaper obviously over that six years. I remember having one 913 00:50:19,920 --> 00:50:23,800 Speaker 1: at home and it must have been eighty nine something 914 00:50:23,880 --> 00:50:25,840 Speaker 1: like that. So yeah, I think it came down in 915 00:50:25,880 --> 00:50:29,080 Speaker 1: price really quickly because my parents weren't shelling out ten 916 00:50:29,200 --> 00:50:33,319 Speaker 1: grand for a word process right, no way. So um, 917 00:50:33,400 --> 00:50:36,719 Speaker 1: Dave dug up. This New York Times article from was 918 00:50:36,800 --> 00:50:39,920 Speaker 1: really prescient. It was cool. It was really wonky article 919 00:50:40,000 --> 00:50:43,640 Speaker 1: about the state of the typewriter and word processor market. 920 00:50:44,040 --> 00:50:45,920 Speaker 1: But there's parts of it where they were saying, like, 921 00:50:46,040 --> 00:50:48,719 Speaker 1: analysts say that by the end of the eighties you 922 00:50:48,760 --> 00:50:51,200 Speaker 1: won't be able to distinguish a typewriter from a word 923 00:50:51,280 --> 00:50:54,160 Speaker 1: processor from a personal computer, which are these new fangled 924 00:50:54,200 --> 00:50:57,880 Speaker 1: things coming online, and that the secretaries of the future 925 00:50:57,920 --> 00:51:00,319 Speaker 1: will sit down at one machine that will be able 926 00:51:00,360 --> 00:51:03,279 Speaker 1: to do all these functions, and what they're doing will 927 00:51:03,360 --> 00:51:06,200 Speaker 1: just depend on what software they choose to be working on. 928 00:51:06,840 --> 00:51:09,399 Speaker 1: And in ninety four they're like, hey, here's the PC 929 00:51:09,600 --> 00:51:11,640 Speaker 1: of the future. They nailed it. I love it. They 930 00:51:11,640 --> 00:51:13,839 Speaker 1: actually put in quotes, a secretary of the future will 931 00:51:13,840 --> 00:51:16,520 Speaker 1: sit at the keyboard of a piece of quote hardware, 932 00:51:17,480 --> 00:51:20,480 Speaker 1: with this function to be determined by the choice of software. 933 00:51:20,600 --> 00:51:24,919 Speaker 1: Analyst's say, yeah, that's pretty nat. They had it for sure. 934 00:51:25,880 --> 00:51:28,680 Speaker 1: You got anything else about the typewriter? I got nothing else. 935 00:51:29,080 --> 00:51:32,200 Speaker 1: I got nothing else about this typewriter either, which means everybody, 936 00:51:32,760 --> 00:51:34,640 Speaker 1: if you want to know about typewriters, go look them 937 00:51:34,719 --> 00:51:36,400 Speaker 1: up and you can buy them for a lot of 938 00:51:36,520 --> 00:51:41,480 Speaker 1: money depending on the type. Ye get it. Uh, that 939 00:51:41,600 --> 00:51:44,400 Speaker 1: was an unintentional pun, as always. Uh. And since I 940 00:51:44,440 --> 00:51:47,120 Speaker 1: said unintentional punt, that means it's time for a listener mail. 941 00:51:50,280 --> 00:51:52,080 Speaker 1: I'm gonna call this We're gonna come up with this 942 00:51:52,160 --> 00:51:56,120 Speaker 1: guy's personalized plate. Hey, guys, love the recent episode on 943 00:51:56,200 --> 00:51:58,160 Speaker 1: license plates. At the beginning of the up, one of 944 00:51:58,200 --> 00:52:00,359 Speaker 1: you mentioned that you thought the topic was kind of boring, 945 00:52:00,440 --> 00:52:03,080 Speaker 1: but I really loved it. Also love license plates. I'm 946 00:52:03,120 --> 00:52:06,719 Speaker 1: particularly fond of personalized license plates, and recently try to 947 00:52:06,719 --> 00:52:09,320 Speaker 1: get one for myself for the first time. Despite the 948 00:52:09,360 --> 00:52:11,239 Speaker 1: talk of First Amendment rights, there are some rules in 949 00:52:11,320 --> 00:52:14,400 Speaker 1: my state about what you can and can't have. For instance, 950 00:52:14,480 --> 00:52:18,000 Speaker 1: nothing vulgar, of course, which we talked about. The plate 951 00:52:18,080 --> 00:52:21,840 Speaker 1: I applied for spelled out farting f A R T N. 952 00:52:22,680 --> 00:52:25,240 Speaker 1: I know it's childish, but I think that it's funny 953 00:52:25,840 --> 00:52:29,880 Speaker 1: and the right amount of vulgar. Let's got that right. However, 954 00:52:29,960 --> 00:52:33,000 Speaker 1: the state of Utah disagreed No surprise there uh and 955 00:52:33,120 --> 00:52:35,680 Speaker 1: thought it was too vulgar because I was denied. Now 956 00:52:35,760 --> 00:52:39,440 Speaker 1: that my first choice has been denied, I need some ideas, 957 00:52:40,280 --> 00:52:43,319 Speaker 1: so help me out. This is Matt, So I thought 958 00:52:43,360 --> 00:52:45,759 Speaker 1: on the fly, maybe we could think of something that's 959 00:52:45,840 --> 00:52:49,960 Speaker 1: just the right amount of vulgar. What about tuting is 960 00:52:49,960 --> 00:52:55,520 Speaker 1: pretty good? Or um? I mean? Is it? Is it 961 00:52:55,560 --> 00:52:59,920 Speaker 1: all gas centered? Well? I mean that kind of thing. 962 00:53:00,000 --> 00:53:02,080 Speaker 1: All right, let's go a different direction. So Tuton is 963 00:53:02,120 --> 00:53:05,640 Speaker 1: our our our replacement for farting. How about that? Okay, 964 00:53:05,680 --> 00:53:09,560 Speaker 1: tutings a replacement for farting. What about cruise in c 965 00:53:09,920 --> 00:53:13,279 Speaker 1: R U z N that'd be pretty boss. Yeah, not 966 00:53:13,480 --> 00:53:17,920 Speaker 1: vulgar about I don't know if I could say this 967 00:53:19,320 --> 00:53:23,120 Speaker 1: on our family friendly show. How about b A L 968 00:53:23,280 --> 00:53:28,719 Speaker 1: z O U t R. Yeah, sure, that might be 969 00:53:28,800 --> 00:53:32,080 Speaker 1: the right amount of vulgar. That's also that's not a 970 00:53:32,080 --> 00:53:35,920 Speaker 1: good look these days either. I don't know. Guys have 971 00:53:36,080 --> 00:53:39,840 Speaker 1: testicles hanging from their truck? Did they still do that? Oh? Sure, 972 00:53:40,200 --> 00:53:42,920 Speaker 1: drive out in the country in Georgia and testicles all 973 00:53:42,960 --> 00:53:48,800 Speaker 1: over the place. Um, what about to the medal? But 974 00:53:49,120 --> 00:53:51,520 Speaker 1: m d L we just need to figure out how 975 00:53:51,560 --> 00:53:55,120 Speaker 1: to shorten the as as in he has the pedal 976 00:53:55,280 --> 00:53:57,640 Speaker 1: to the metal. Oh well, you could do the number 977 00:53:57,680 --> 00:54:00,640 Speaker 1: two or m t L not m d L number 978 00:54:00,680 --> 00:54:03,920 Speaker 1: two h m t L to the medal. That's the 979 00:54:04,040 --> 00:54:07,160 Speaker 1: most amazing way. Well, no, and that's what I was saying. 980 00:54:07,200 --> 00:54:09,160 Speaker 1: We we've got too short and we need to shorten 981 00:54:09,320 --> 00:54:12,239 Speaker 1: D to the medal, like with the how do you 982 00:54:12,280 --> 00:54:15,279 Speaker 1: shorten th h G? Well in speedwriting. You would make 983 00:54:15,719 --> 00:54:18,880 Speaker 1: a downstroke like an L and then a line to 984 00:54:19,040 --> 00:54:21,319 Speaker 1: the right. Can you get that on a license plate? 985 00:54:21,440 --> 00:54:25,960 Speaker 1: I don't think so. How about two DUH D A 986 00:54:26,440 --> 00:54:29,879 Speaker 1: M T L. I think we've landed on it. That's 987 00:54:29,880 --> 00:54:32,480 Speaker 1: pretty good. Oh and also, real quick, I lost the email. 988 00:54:32,840 --> 00:54:34,680 Speaker 1: I don't know how we missed this, but somebody sent 989 00:54:34,800 --> 00:54:37,440 Speaker 1: in an email saying, just go check out the license 990 00:54:37,520 --> 00:54:42,560 Speaker 1: plate for the Northern Territories, Canada. It is a metal 991 00:54:42,640 --> 00:54:46,200 Speaker 1: plate that is bare shaped. Yeah, it's really neat looking. 992 00:54:46,560 --> 00:54:48,200 Speaker 1: I want to get one for the camp wall. I'm 993 00:54:48,239 --> 00:54:50,000 Speaker 1: trying to buy one on eBay as we speak, not 994 00:54:50,360 --> 00:54:52,920 Speaker 1: right in the second, but I've been I've been looking around. 995 00:54:53,880 --> 00:54:56,160 Speaker 1: Who was that letter from. I don't know. Well, this 996 00:54:56,320 --> 00:54:57,719 Speaker 1: was Matt, but I don't know who's sent in the 997 00:54:58,960 --> 00:55:01,880 Speaker 1: the Northern Territories. But Matt's the guy that we just 998 00:55:02,120 --> 00:55:05,840 Speaker 1: helped out. Yeah, he's to the metal. Okay, hopefully we 999 00:55:05,960 --> 00:55:08,000 Speaker 1: did help somewhere in there. Matt. And by the way, 1000 00:55:08,040 --> 00:55:10,160 Speaker 1: every time I hear utah now, I can't help but 1001 00:55:10,280 --> 00:55:14,320 Speaker 1: think of um NBC Peacocks, a friend of the family, 1002 00:55:14,760 --> 00:55:20,319 Speaker 1: weird o mini series that my niece Mila is on fantastic. UH. 1003 00:55:20,560 --> 00:55:22,200 Speaker 1: If you want to get in touch with us like 1004 00:55:22,320 --> 00:55:24,239 Speaker 1: Matt did and asked us to help you out, We'll 1005 00:55:24,280 --> 00:55:26,640 Speaker 1: do what we can. UH. You can send us an 1006 00:55:26,680 --> 00:55:29,680 Speaker 1: email to stuff podcast at i heeart radio dot com. 1007 00:55:32,840 --> 00:55:35,120 Speaker 1: Stuff you Should Know is a production of iHeart Radio. 1008 00:55:35,640 --> 00:55:38,759 Speaker 1: For more podcasts my heart Radio, visit the iHeart Radio app, 1009 00:55:39,000 --> 00:55:41,880 Speaker 1: Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.