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Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff Mom Never Told You from how Stuff

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Speaker 1: Works dot Com. Hello, and welcome to the podcast. I'm

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Speaker 1: Caroline and I'm Kristen. Kristen. There's been a lot in

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Speaker 1: the news, not not lately, just I think in general

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Speaker 1: about our aging population. UM. You know, baby boomers getting older.

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Speaker 1: It could tax our health care system. It's also going

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Speaker 1: to tax our caregivers. There's been a lot of studies

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Speaker 1: into this, this aging baby boomer population, but one population

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Speaker 1: that hasn't really been looked at closely is the child

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Speaker 1: caregiver population. These are kids between about the ages of

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Speaker 1: eight and eighteen who are caring for older people, whether

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Speaker 1: that's their parents or their grandparents in their own homes typically,

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Speaker 1: and they have kind of been overlooked. Yeah, there's been

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Speaker 1: more attention paid to child caregivers or young careers as

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Speaker 1: they're referred to UM in Australia and the u K.

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Speaker 1: But there's actually only been one large scale study conducted

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Speaker 1: in the US on our American young caregivers and their families,

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Speaker 1: and that was conducted in two thousand five by the

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Speaker 1: National Alliance for Caregiving in the United Hospital Fund, and

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Speaker 1: it was actually commissioned in two thousand three by the

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Speaker 1: US Administration on Aging, because there was this recognition that,

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Speaker 1: like you said, there was this population out there of

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Speaker 1: kids who weren't getting any attention and kind of falling

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Speaker 1: through the cracks precisely because they are kids taking care

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Speaker 1: of older people and don't necessarily have the same resources

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Speaker 1: to advocate for themselves, right. And the study really revealed

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Speaker 1: the size and scope of this group and focused on

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Speaker 1: their issues, their mental health issues, confidence issues, things that

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Speaker 1: they have to deal with in caring for older people.

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Speaker 1: And Josephine a Carbonel of Health and Human Service says said,

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Speaker 1: you know, they are aware that children have always played

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Speaker 1: this role in families, especially in minority communities, where they

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Speaker 1: frequently act as interpreters and care for their siblings, you know,

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Speaker 1: not just older people, but siblings as well. And then

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Speaker 1: she goes on to say, but this report reveals that

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Speaker 1: a significant percentage of these children are providing much more

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Speaker 1: personal and complex, complex tasks. Yeah. And in talking to

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Speaker 1: USA Today about this, Gail Gibson Hunt, who's the president

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Speaker 1: of the National Coalition for Caregiving, says, this is a

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Speaker 1: failing of our health care system because, like you mentioned

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Speaker 1: at the top of the podcast, Caroline of this aging

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Speaker 1: population is putting more stress on the health care system.

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Speaker 1: And as we'll look at the demographics of who these

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Speaker 1: child caregivers are, we see that they are having to

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Speaker 1: fill in the gaps where there isn't enough income or

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Speaker 1: health insurance or medical resources to to take care of

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Speaker 1: these older people's medical needs. Yeah, and one person who

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Speaker 1: was actually recognized for her good work in this area

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Speaker 1: is Connie Salski. Excuse me. She's the head of the

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Speaker 1: nonprofit American Association of Caregiving Youth. She was also just

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Speaker 1: named one of CNN's Top ten Heroes of and she

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Speaker 1: said in a CNN article, the kids don't have a voice,

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Speaker 1: so they need somebody to be their voice and their advocate.

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Speaker 1: When these children see the recognition they so deserve, along

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Speaker 1: with the academic and skill support they need, they were

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Speaker 1: able to remain in school and have confidence in themselves

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Speaker 1: and become basically healthy adults. Because one of the big

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Speaker 1: issues is, you know, if you're some kid taking care

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Speaker 1: of your mom or your sister, or your grandmother somebody

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Speaker 1: like that, you might not have time to do all

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Speaker 1: of the regular kid things you need to do, like

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Speaker 1: go to school or just play with your friends. Yeah.

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Speaker 1: And one of the reasons why Saskalski started that nonprofit

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Speaker 1: was because she was also a child caregiver um when

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Speaker 1: she was thirteen years old. In fact, she helped out

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Speaker 1: a lot taking care of her grandfather and sad story,

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Speaker 1: she actually found him dead when she went to give

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Speaker 1: him his medication, and obviously that had a huge impact

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Speaker 1: on her and a huge impact for motivating her to

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Speaker 1: start the American Association of Caregiving Youth. Well, yeah, so

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Speaker 1: let's look at who these kids are and how many

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Speaker 1: there are, because, like Kristen mentioned, this two thousand five

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Speaker 1: study is really the only big, large scale study of

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Speaker 1: these kids. And in the US, they found that the

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Speaker 1: number of child caregivers is somewhere between one point three

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Speaker 1: and one point four million children between the ages of

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Speaker 1: eight and eighteen. And it's one thing. I mean, it's

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Speaker 1: stressful to be a kid in this situation, but I

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Speaker 1: can't imagine being an eight year old taking care of

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Speaker 1: an older person. They also found that of the twenty

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Speaker 1: eight point four million households that have a child between

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Speaker 1: eight and eighteen living there, three point two percent have

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Speaker 1: a child caregiver. Yeah, and to put that into a

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Speaker 1: little bit of perspective, those numbers, Uh, it's roughly equivalent

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Speaker 1: to more than the total third through twelfth grade students

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Speaker 1: in New York, Chicago, and Washington, d C. Combined. UM. Now,

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Speaker 1: this is a tiny sliver of the overall like unpaid

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Speaker 1: caregiver population. You compare that one point three to one

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Speaker 1: point four million kids to the forty four million plus

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Speaker 1: unpaid adult caregivers. But nevertheless, that's still a significant population

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Speaker 1: when we consider the ages of you know who is

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Speaker 1: doing this unpaid work. Because the study also found that

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Speaker 1: there's a pretty even distribution among eight year olds through

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Speaker 1: UM eighteen year olds about thirty thirty thirty, from eight

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Speaker 1: to eleven year olds, twelve to fifteen year olds, and

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Speaker 1: sixteen to eighteen year olds. It's also pretty evenly split

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Speaker 1: between gender between male and female male versus fifty one

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Speaker 1: percent female. For the gender of the caregivers, Uh, they

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Speaker 1: found that they tend to live in households with lower

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Speaker 1: incomes than do non caregivers. They're also less likely to

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Speaker 1: live in two parent households. That's s versus so, I mean,

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Speaker 1: if there's no one else in the home to care

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Speaker 1: for the sick parent or sibling or grandparents it might

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Speaker 1: fall on the child right. And on top of that,

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Speaker 1: a majority of the child caregivers were the only kid

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Speaker 1: in their household, or at least the only They might

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Speaker 1: have had siblings, but they were the only ones who

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Speaker 1: had the responsibility of the household caregiving. So they might

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Speaker 1: be the oldest among and have younger siblings as well,

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Speaker 1: but sixty of them were the only ones in their

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Speaker 1: house doing this kind of work. And who are they

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Speaker 1: taking care of, Caroline? Most of them are taking care

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Speaker 1: of a parent or grandparent, and out of that primarily

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Speaker 1: the mother and grandmother. Uh So seventy of those cared

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Speaker 1: for our female and be has of that female caregivers

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Speaker 1: are much more likely to be in the same sex

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Speaker 1: caregiving relationships, So a daughter caring for a mother or

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Speaker 1: grandmother as opposed to a son caring for, you know,

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Speaker 1: a father or grandfather. And in terms of the age

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Speaker 1: of the these care recipients, as they are termed between

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Speaker 1: forty and fifty nine years old, those are probably the

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Speaker 1: parents and then are sixty to seventy nine years old,

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Speaker 1: and that's where that grandparent population probably comes in. Um

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Speaker 1: And in doing this research, I hadn't really thought about

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Speaker 1: it before. Even though it was a pretty significant part

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Speaker 1: of my life at the time. But when I was

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Speaker 1: in middle school, probably part of elementary school as well. Uh,

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Speaker 1: my great aunt actually came to live with my family,

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Speaker 1: and it was kind of an all hands on deck

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Speaker 1: effort to get her daily routine, um taken care of

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Speaker 1: in terms of getting the meal, taking her on walks,

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Speaker 1: or you know, if there was anything that she needed.

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Speaker 1: And there was actually a period of time when I

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Speaker 1: was being homeschooled and my mom had gone back to

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Speaker 1: work and from you know, during her work hours, like

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Speaker 1: my great aunt was my responsibility. And the good thing

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Speaker 1: is she was you know, she wasn't a handful and

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Speaker 1: there she didn't have a severe medical condition to where

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Speaker 1: you know, they were leaving me with something that I,

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Speaker 1: as at that age, wouldn't be able to take care of.

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Speaker 1: It was simply making lunch, watching matlock together, things like that.

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Speaker 1: Um so so yeah, I guess I'm part of this population. Interesting.

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Speaker 1: How long does she live with you guys? She lived

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Speaker 1: with us for a long time. Um, I don't know,

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Speaker 1: maybe six years, seven years. Uh yeah, I would actually

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Speaker 1: have to go back and ask my mom. I can't

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Speaker 1: remember precisely. Hong she lived with us UM but the

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Speaker 1: most common conditions my great aunt came to live with

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Speaker 1: us because she had had multiple strokes. But the most

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Speaker 1: common condition dealt with any situations are Alzheimer's or dementia

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Speaker 1: UM and followed by heart, lung and kidney disease, arthritis,

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Speaker 1: and then diabetes. Yes, and most of the child caregivers

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Speaker 1: do help the person that's they're taking care of with

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Speaker 1: at least one activity of daily living that's like bathing, dressing,

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Speaker 1: getting out of bed and stuff like that. Nearly all

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Speaker 1: the study found help with instrumental activities of daily living,

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Speaker 1: which is doing the shopping, the household tasks, and the

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Speaker 1: meal prep. So they looked at, you know, the task

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Speaker 1: that these kids are doing, and they found that caregivers

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Speaker 1: who help with the normal activities of daily living, the

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Speaker 1: A d L s perceived themselves as having more responsibility

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Speaker 1: than do non A d L caregivers and that they're

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Speaker 1: twice as likely to feel often that people expect too

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Speaker 1: much from them. And on top of performing those daily tasks.

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Speaker 1: And this was something that I did not have any

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Speaker 1: ex aarens with us is something my parents completely took

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Speaker 1: care of. But one out of six of these child

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Speaker 1: caregivers actually will help uh the care recipient communicate with

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Speaker 1: doctors or nurses. Fiercent of those twelve and older help

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Speaker 1: make phone calls and arrangements for the care re scimpiens

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Speaker 1: to help care for the person. And also female caregivers

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Speaker 1: are more likely to spend time, on top of doing that,

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Speaker 1: taking care of siblings as well. Now that that sounds

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Speaker 1: completely exhausting, I mean all of these responsibilities for a

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Speaker 1: young person, and that's true. That's not just me saying that.

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Speaker 1: Uh So. Researchers in the UK and Australia have done

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Speaker 1: a lot more studies and research into this than in

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Speaker 1: the US, and they have found that being a caregiver

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Speaker 1: is exhausting for these kids and they are more likely

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Speaker 1: to fall asleep in class and fall behind on assignments.

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Speaker 1: Not only that, these kids tend to feel socially isolated

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Speaker 1: because you know, like we mentioned, they don't really have

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Speaker 1: time to hang out or bring ends home like you know,

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Speaker 1: non caregiver kids do. Uh At the two thousand five

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Speaker 1: studies showed that fewer of these caregiving kids report having

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Speaker 1: a lot of time for themselves, so they're giving up

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Speaker 1: a lot of sort of there there being a kid,

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Speaker 1: time to take care grown ups. Yeah, I mean, and

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Speaker 1: this makes total sense because caregivers stress is extremely common

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Speaker 1: among those forty four million plus adults who are you know,

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Speaker 1: the unpaid caregivers in their home taking care of older parents,

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Speaker 1: UM and other adults. And for instance, like research has

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Speaker 1: found that for just adults, they're more likely to have

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Speaker 1: health problems with their own including heightened risk of depression,

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Speaker 1: taking more sick days, weaker immune response, lower wound healing,

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Speaker 1: higher rates of obesity, and higher risk of cognitive decline.

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Speaker 1: So of course we're going to see some related issues

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Speaker 1: among child caregivers. Now I don't think it's quite as

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Speaker 1: acute for most of them because the responsibilities placed on

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Speaker 1: a majority of child caregivers are much less than the

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Speaker 1: ones that might be carried by the adults. UM. But

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Speaker 1: like you said that, the main concern I think for

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Speaker 1: people when they're looking at this population is um, how

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Speaker 1: that stresses affecting them and possible social social isolation is

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Speaker 1: affecting them during these very formative years. Because I think, uh,

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Speaker 1: there's been some criticism of people from uh this is

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Speaker 1: more going on in the UK saying hey, we don't

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Speaker 1: need to like victimize these kids. You know, children are

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Speaker 1: very resilient, they can do these things. We don't need to,

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Speaker 1: you know, paint them as like what is me? Their

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Speaker 1: parents are bad for not hiring a nurse to come

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Speaker 1: in and do this for them. But the statistics do

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Speaker 1: clearly show that, um, there are some more negative behaviors

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Speaker 1: linked to being a child caregiver, right, just like anxiety

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Speaker 1: and depression. The two thousand five study brought this up

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Speaker 1: and was confirmed in a twin twelve study in the

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Speaker 1: Journal of Behavioral Health Services and Research that these kids

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Speaker 1: are more likely to feel, at least sometimes that no

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Speaker 1: one loves them, and this is particularly evident among kids

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Speaker 1: eight to eleven. Young caregivers are more likely to complain

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Speaker 1: that they feel worthless or inferior at least sometimes, and

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Speaker 1: that age group. The older age group twelve to eighteen

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Speaker 1: year olds, are slightly more likely than non caregivers to

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Speaker 1: have sudden mood changes. So there's there's a lot of

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Speaker 1: anxiety there when you're sort of when the role is

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Speaker 1: reversed child and child had grown up. Yeah, and I

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Speaker 1: can definitely attest to frustration that can come with having

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Speaker 1: to take care of an older person. In that situation,

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Speaker 1: and it's confusing when you're a kid because you know

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Speaker 1: that you're supposed to love this older person and respect them,

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Speaker 1: especially for me, Like I remembered my great aunt from

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Speaker 1: times when uh, you know, she was fully able bodied

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Speaker 1: and she always got us really neat Christmas presents and

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Speaker 1: gave us, you know, Eskimo pies, and I always look

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Speaker 1: forward to going to her house and it was a

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Speaker 1: completely different experience having to take care of her. So

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Speaker 1: I think there's a lot to be said there for

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Speaker 1: that role reversal, as you put it. And um, because

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Speaker 1: of that, well, you'll see a lot of escape behaviors

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Speaker 1: that can happen among child caregivers basically like wanting to

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Speaker 1: kind of get away from the situation, take a break

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Speaker 1: if they can. Yeah, and that's definitely an outlet. I mean,

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Speaker 1: there's nothing wrong with behaviors like reading for hours, going

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Speaker 1: for walks, you know, going to play outside and stuff

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Speaker 1: like that. It's just when those escape behaviors take up

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Speaker 1: a lot of time, when they're spending inordinate amounts of

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Speaker 1: time by themselves, that it becomes it sort of just

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Speaker 1: gets in the way of them forming relationships with other

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Speaker 1: kids or maybe bonding with the other members of their family,

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Speaker 1: stuff like that. Well, and as they grow up, there

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Speaker 1: were there were anecdotes of this in the articles that

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Speaker 1: we read about child caregivers among these older teens and

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Speaker 1: who are now becoming full fledged adults, of avoiding marriage,

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Speaker 1: not really wanting to start a family of their own

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Speaker 1: because of a certain feeling of responsibility, but also residual

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Speaker 1: guilt of if they start their own life and move away,

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Speaker 1: then who's going to take care of this person? You know,

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Speaker 1: you have to stay close to them exactly. Well, I

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Speaker 1: mean we've we've talked about all the anxiety, the depression,

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Speaker 1: you know, the the escape behaviors. Is there anything positive

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Speaker 1: that comes from young people taking care of their elders? Absolutely? Um,

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Speaker 1: I mean, there is evidence that a lot of these

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Speaker 1: kids grow up to be more mature and responsible adults

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Speaker 1: who are closely connected to their families. Yeah, these kids

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Speaker 1: do show evidence of high self self esteem, more empathy,

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Speaker 1: and a strong sense of belonging to their family. And

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Speaker 1: a lot of them actually grow up and go into

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Speaker 1: the healthcare or social work field, so they just transition

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Speaker 1: what they're used to at home into a career of

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Speaker 1: caring for other people. Yeah, and I think that it

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Speaker 1: is important to to recognize that there are positives from this,

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Speaker 1: because when a majority of these households are earning less

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Speaker 1: than dollars and you're in a single parent situation a

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Speaker 1: majority of the time, it's also clear that it's not

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Speaker 1: it's not adults doing bad things to kids and putting

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Speaker 1: too much responsibility on kids, although I'm sure that certainly happens.

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Speaker 1: But in the big picture, I think, like Gail Gibson

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Speaker 1: from the National Alliance of Caregiving said, this is a

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Speaker 1: bigger conversation about health care and how our communities support

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Speaker 1: each other and an entire network that ends up being

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Speaker 1: filtered down to sometimes a child. So in these situations,

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Speaker 1: when you have a young caregiver, what what can you

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Speaker 1: do to mitigate the risk? Well, Leanne Austin, who's a nurse,

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Speaker 1: wrote for Today's Caregiver about her own experience um with

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Speaker 1: her children having to take care of her and she

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Speaker 1: actually was taking care of her mother at one point.

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Speaker 1: She says that it's really important to communicate clearly with

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Speaker 1: your children or with your young caregiver in the house.

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Speaker 1: She said that they need to know that they're not

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Speaker 1: responsible for the adults or the siblings condition, because guilt

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Speaker 1: does play a significant role in the child's desire to

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Speaker 1: be a caregiver. If they think that they could have

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Speaker 1: done something better, if you know, they feel too guilty

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Speaker 1: to go out and play with their friends, that they

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Speaker 1: need to stay home. Provide simple and clear information about

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Speaker 1: the condition and talk about it, but just not all

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Speaker 1: the time. It's not really dinner table conversation. You want

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Speaker 1: to let your kids know that, you know what this

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Speaker 1: isn't all there is to life. Yes, you're helping me

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Speaker 1: a lot by taking out the garbage or you know,

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Speaker 1: making the beds or whatever you're doing, but you're also

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Speaker 1: you know, life is going on. This is not the

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Speaker 1: only thing that that we're about. Yeah, And she also

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Speaker 1: encourages adults to remain as independent as possible to diminish

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Speaker 1: possibility of the role conflict that we've talked about and

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Speaker 1: keeping in mind like what our age appropriate tasks for kids.

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Speaker 1: I mean, I helped make a sandwich and put cottage

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Speaker 1: cheese on a plate that was very age appropriate for

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Speaker 1: a middle schooler to do, right, folding laundry, feeding Fido,

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Speaker 1: stuff like that. It's it's different when you're you know,

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Speaker 1: having your kids try to lift you out of bed

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Speaker 1: and stuff like that exactly. And there are support groups

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Speaker 1: out there and resources, um, such as the organization that

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Speaker 1: we've mentioned before, the American Association of Caregiving Youth that

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Speaker 1: it's based in Florida right now, but it focuses on

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Speaker 1: finding these populations and helping them with like getting someone

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Speaker 1: in the house, like a medical professional in the house

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Speaker 1: if necessary for regular visits, getting the kids transported to

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Speaker 1: and from school, getting them tutoring help if needed, just

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Speaker 1: making sure that the support is there that they need.

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Speaker 1: And there's also a Young Care Network in the UK

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Speaker 1: and Australia because, like we mentioned before, they have done

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Speaker 1: a lot more looking into this young population. You know,

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Speaker 1: there was one quote from CNN about, um, you know,

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Speaker 1: people just kind of don't want to think about this,

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Speaker 1: Like they don't want to think about the bad situations

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Speaker 1: that can happen when kids are taking on all of

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Speaker 1: this extra responsibility of being essentially like a nurse almost

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Speaker 1: for their family. I mean, depending on obviously the responsibilities

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Speaker 1: that they have to take on, but this is definitely

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Speaker 1: something that deserves more attention. These kids need help. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and we've we've touched a lot on or framed the conversation.

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Speaker 1: I should say more in terms of adults in need

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Speaker 1: of medical care for things like Alzheimer's or kidney disease.

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Speaker 1: But addiction is also um one big reason why some

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Speaker 1: children will end up in caregiver roles, and so the

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Speaker 1: Latin branch of Alcoholics Anonymous is another resource for kids

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Speaker 1: as well who are going through this. Yeah, so I'd

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Speaker 1: like to give a shout out and see you know

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Speaker 1: what listeners have gone through, if they've taken care of

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Speaker 1: older people in the home like you did, or if

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Speaker 1: it's been more of a long term thing, you know what,

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Speaker 1: what complications or or positives have come out of the situation. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: and I bet we have listeners out there right now

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Speaker 1: who are might have an older person living in their

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Speaker 1: home and giving that daily care for them. So we'd

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Speaker 1: love to hear from you. Share your stories with us.

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Speaker 1: Mom Stuff at Discovery dot Com is where you can

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00:20:31,160 --> 00:20:32,639
Speaker 1: send them, or of course you can always head to

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Speaker 1: our Facebook and share your story with everyone. Now, before

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00:20:37,640 --> 00:20:40,520
Speaker 1: we get onto our listener letters, have got a quick

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00:20:40,520 --> 00:20:43,359
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Speaker 1: is up to off. And now back to our letters.

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Speaker 1: This letter is from Dimitri regarding our Pussy Riot episode.

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00:21:51,920 --> 00:21:54,760
Speaker 1: He wanted to give us a little system. He says

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Speaker 1: that being from Russia myself, I thought I would write

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00:21:58,760 --> 00:22:02,199
Speaker 1: to you regarding the you So, I really think the

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00:22:02,240 --> 00:22:04,439
Speaker 1: fact that they were imprisoned has nothing to do with

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00:22:04,480 --> 00:22:08,000
Speaker 1: what they did, although the excuse of the government is there.

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00:22:08,359 --> 00:22:10,639
Speaker 1: Putin could be criticized and called a tyrant for a

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00:22:10,720 --> 00:22:13,720
Speaker 1: harsh sentence they received, But what he did was essentially

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Speaker 1: a political move. As you said, a vast majority of Russians,

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Speaker 1: myself not included, did not support Pussy Riot's actions. This

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00:22:21,960 --> 00:22:24,360
Speaker 1: could be due to the conservative nature of the society

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00:22:24,480 --> 00:22:27,280
Speaker 1: or a number of other reasons. Really, the fact that

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00:22:27,320 --> 00:22:29,399
Speaker 1: they were convicted was due to the fact that although

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00:22:29,480 --> 00:22:32,800
Speaker 1: some Russians dislike Putin, they dislike the West even more.

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Speaker 1: You have said that some journalists have reported that the

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Speaker 1: public thinks the band's actions are sponsored by the Western powers.

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Speaker 1: So he decided to show his solidarity with quote his

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Speaker 1: people by sentencing them to prison. Otherwise he would have

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00:22:46,440 --> 00:22:49,000
Speaker 1: appeared weak. The next logical move for him is to

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00:22:49,040 --> 00:22:52,000
Speaker 1: show his benevolence and release them with a smile on

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00:22:52,119 --> 00:22:55,400
Speaker 1: his face and expect their thanks for it. I may

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00:22:55,440 --> 00:22:57,960
Speaker 1: be wrong, but this sort of logic is very typical

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Speaker 1: of the circus that is called government in Russia today.

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Speaker 1: And a couple of additional points. He says LGBT rights

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00:23:05,200 --> 00:23:09,200
Speaker 1: are practically non existent in Russia. Their protests are violently suppressed,

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00:23:09,520 --> 00:23:13,000
Speaker 1: whereas demonstrations of ultra right wing groups like skinheads are

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Speaker 1: typically not touched at all, So thank you for the perspective, Dmitri.

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00:23:17,880 --> 00:23:22,119
Speaker 1: And I've got another email here about our Pussy Riot episode,

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00:23:22,119 --> 00:23:25,040
Speaker 1: and this is coming from Laura, and she writes, I

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00:23:25,080 --> 00:23:28,680
Speaker 1: was most interested in the overall Western take on the matter,

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Speaker 1: as it strikes me how quick we are to forget

400
00:23:30,480 --> 00:23:33,479
Speaker 1: our own history. Upon learning more about Pussy right from

401
00:23:33,520 --> 00:23:36,640
Speaker 1: your lovely podcast, boy, thank you, I was immediately reminded

402
00:23:36,680 --> 00:23:39,200
Speaker 1: of the American guerrilla Girls from the twenties. I think

403
00:23:39,200 --> 00:23:41,120
Speaker 1: it would be helpful for people to compare the two.

404
00:23:41,359 --> 00:23:44,239
Speaker 1: While the quote unquote art the Gorilla Girls created and

405
00:23:44,280 --> 00:23:48,520
Speaker 1: performed was indeed art in that it was expressing ideas, opinions,

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00:23:48,520 --> 00:23:52,080
Speaker 1: and emotions, it was not art for expressions sake. When

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00:23:52,160 --> 00:23:54,040
Speaker 1: we look at Pussy Riot, we need to not think

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00:23:54,040 --> 00:23:56,320
Speaker 1: of them as a band creating music just for their

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00:23:56,680 --> 00:23:59,600
Speaker 1: and others enjoyment, but a social and political movement for

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Speaker 1: women's rights, similar to our guerrilla masked women of the

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00:24:02,400 --> 00:24:05,879
Speaker 1: nineteen twenties, when America had our own women's rights phenomenon

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00:24:05,960 --> 00:24:08,040
Speaker 1: going on. I feel that by thinking back on the

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00:24:08,040 --> 00:24:11,320
Speaker 1: political and social situation for American women when in a

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00:24:11,359 --> 00:24:14,000
Speaker 1: culture I can more easily relate to allows me to

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00:24:14,080 --> 00:24:17,359
Speaker 1: better see how Russians, supporters and non supporters of Pussy

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00:24:17,480 --> 00:24:20,040
Speaker 1: Right alike must be feeling as their whole social and

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00:24:20,080 --> 00:24:22,800
Speaker 1: political system is being freshly challenged in a way that

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00:24:22,880 --> 00:24:26,800
Speaker 1: is arguably old hat too. Americans and guerrilla girls are

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00:24:26,840 --> 00:24:31,080
Speaker 1: still in existence today, and I'm not familiar with the

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00:24:31,119 --> 00:24:34,560
Speaker 1: guerrilla girls from the nineteen twenties, so you might need

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00:24:34,560 --> 00:24:38,159
Speaker 1: to work into indeed. So in the meantime, thanks for

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00:24:38,200 --> 00:24:40,640
Speaker 1: all of your letters. Mom Stuff at discovery dot com

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00:24:40,680 --> 00:24:42,760
Speaker 1: is where you can send them, And thanks for sharon

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00:24:43,400 --> 00:24:46,480
Speaker 1: your insight with us on Facebook as well and tweeting

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00:24:46,560 --> 00:24:49,720
Speaker 1: us at mom Stuff podcast. Oh yeah, and for your

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00:24:49,720 --> 00:24:53,080
Speaker 1: follows on Tumbler at stuff mom never told you dot

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00:24:53,119 --> 00:24:55,840
Speaker 1: tumbler dot com. And if you'd like to get smarter

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00:24:55,960 --> 00:24:57,920
Speaker 1: during the week, why don't you head over to our website,

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00:24:58,200 --> 00:25:03,480
Speaker 1: it's how stuff Works. For more on this and thousands

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00:25:03,480 --> 00:25:10,680
Speaker 1: of other topics, visit how staff works dot com. MHM