1 00:00:23,400 --> 00:00:27,520 Speaker 1: It's no secret that one of the average americans least 2 00:00:27,680 --> 00:00:31,400 Speaker 1: favorite things to do is to go to the dentist. 3 00:00:31,760 --> 00:00:34,160 Speaker 1: Not not super popular with a lot of people, Ben, 4 00:00:34,240 --> 00:00:36,559 Speaker 1: I'm fond of going to the dentist. Does that make 5 00:00:36,600 --> 00:00:39,120 Speaker 1: me weird? No? No, it's just another reason that I 6 00:00:39,159 --> 00:00:42,839 Speaker 1: find you extraordinary. All extraordinary just another word for weird, though, 7 00:00:42,920 --> 00:00:45,000 Speaker 1: isn't it, Ben? No, I feel like it has a 8 00:00:45,000 --> 00:00:50,720 Speaker 1: better connotation nowadays. Although extraordinary could be anything unusual or anomalous, 9 00:00:50,760 --> 00:00:54,320 Speaker 1: nowadays we usually say extraordinary when we mean something is good. 10 00:00:55,120 --> 00:00:57,040 Speaker 1: Do you know what, Ben, I'll take it as a 11 00:00:57,080 --> 00:01:01,040 Speaker 1: compliment them awesome. Speaking of extraordinary, let's introduce everyone to 12 00:01:01,160 --> 00:01:05,880 Speaker 1: our super producer, Casey Pegram. But I don't want to 13 00:01:05,920 --> 00:01:10,600 Speaker 1: get lost on this conversational. You you genuinely do like 14 00:01:10,720 --> 00:01:17,360 Speaker 1: going to the dentist. No, I was just I was 15 00:01:17,400 --> 00:01:19,479 Speaker 1: gonna go with you on. I know I couldn't. I could, 16 00:01:19,560 --> 00:01:22,319 Speaker 1: I couldn't lie to the people. Man. Now, I was 17 00:01:22,360 --> 00:01:25,920 Speaker 1: just trying to be extraordinary. It's you know, it's it's 18 00:01:25,959 --> 00:01:31,080 Speaker 1: weird because, uh, dentistry is it's a necessary thing, right, 19 00:01:31,160 --> 00:01:33,400 Speaker 1: It's come a long way, and it has come such 20 00:01:33,480 --> 00:01:36,360 Speaker 1: a long way. You will hear some critics of modern 21 00:01:36,520 --> 00:01:42,920 Speaker 1: dentistry say that there purposefully not pursuing the newest technological 22 00:01:42,959 --> 00:01:45,920 Speaker 1: breakthroughs or techniques. But you and I grew up in 23 00:01:45,920 --> 00:01:48,360 Speaker 1: the days and and Casey, you as well grew up 24 00:01:48,360 --> 00:01:51,320 Speaker 1: in the days where those mercury fillings were quite common, 25 00:01:51,400 --> 00:01:53,680 Speaker 1: remember those. I don't you know what's funny? I I 26 00:01:53,720 --> 00:01:57,320 Speaker 1: never had a cavity until like last year, because I 27 00:01:57,400 --> 00:02:01,560 Speaker 1: have benefited from a development and modern dentistry called celent, 28 00:02:02,000 --> 00:02:04,160 Speaker 1: which is a thing they did to like every kid 29 00:02:04,280 --> 00:02:06,920 Speaker 1: in my town. I guess because I know lots of 30 00:02:06,920 --> 00:02:08,480 Speaker 1: other kids that got it. But I've also talked people 31 00:02:08,480 --> 00:02:09,840 Speaker 1: that I have no idea what I'm talking about. And 32 00:02:09,840 --> 00:02:12,160 Speaker 1: it's some kind of like extra coating they put on 33 00:02:12,200 --> 00:02:14,640 Speaker 1: your teeth that kind of cases them in and keeps 34 00:02:14,680 --> 00:02:16,640 Speaker 1: them safe from all the horrible stuff that you shove 35 00:02:16,680 --> 00:02:18,919 Speaker 1: into your mouth as a child. So I had this 36 00:02:18,960 --> 00:02:21,840 Speaker 1: like false sense of security and this false sense of 37 00:02:21,840 --> 00:02:24,840 Speaker 1: superiority that I had never had a cavity, and then 38 00:02:24,880 --> 00:02:27,679 Speaker 1: all of a sudden, at thirty four years old, getting cavities. 39 00:02:27,720 --> 00:02:31,799 Speaker 1: So you know, uh, well, can't you get them recealed 40 00:02:31,880 --> 00:02:33,600 Speaker 1: or something? Yeah, that's a good question. Ben at that 41 00:02:33,680 --> 00:02:35,600 Speaker 1: to which I have no answer. I think it's something 42 00:02:35,600 --> 00:02:38,320 Speaker 1: only children are permitted to do. Oh wow, I don't 43 00:02:38,360 --> 00:02:43,040 Speaker 1: know that. Like the shining and the Stephen King universe. Uh, well, 44 00:02:43,080 --> 00:02:46,560 Speaker 1: that's not quite that's not quite true, because Cola read 45 00:02:46,760 --> 00:02:49,120 Speaker 1: also had the shining. He did have the shinning, but 46 00:02:49,280 --> 00:02:50,880 Speaker 1: he Oh yeah, I don't want to get a seed. 47 00:02:51,360 --> 00:02:55,040 Speaker 1: But we're talking about dentistry and how far it's come. 48 00:02:56,200 --> 00:03:02,840 Speaker 1: We're very, very lucky today and comparison into dental patients 49 00:03:02,880 --> 00:03:08,200 Speaker 1: of the past. You and I quite recently learned that 50 00:03:09,520 --> 00:03:12,440 Speaker 1: a little bit about the history of dentistry and just 51 00:03:12,600 --> 00:03:16,480 Speaker 1: how gruesome it was in way back in eighteen fifteen. 52 00:03:17,160 --> 00:03:20,560 Speaker 1: I guess the foundations what would become modern dentistry existed, 53 00:03:21,120 --> 00:03:26,600 Speaker 1: but it was still in its infancy, and people had terrible, 54 00:03:26,720 --> 00:03:29,400 Speaker 1: terrible teeth. You know. You would just your teeth would 55 00:03:29,400 --> 00:03:33,520 Speaker 1: get ground down over time, depending on your diet, You 56 00:03:33,560 --> 00:03:39,480 Speaker 1: would lose teeth to infection or lack of hygiene and maintenance. 57 00:03:39,720 --> 00:03:43,360 Speaker 1: And it didn't matter whether you were popper or a prince, 58 00:03:43,920 --> 00:03:46,080 Speaker 1: your teeth would probably at some point in your life 59 00:03:46,120 --> 00:03:49,200 Speaker 1: become problematic. Yeah, especially in the upper class and like 60 00:03:49,280 --> 00:03:53,119 Speaker 1: the mid to late seventeen hundreds, when you know ingestion 61 00:03:53,240 --> 00:03:55,720 Speaker 1: of sugar by the upper class was on the rise, 62 00:03:56,160 --> 00:04:01,280 Speaker 1: that really precipitated that rot and that irreverseable decay that 63 00:04:01,280 --> 00:04:04,480 Speaker 1: would happen in the mouths of these aristocrats, which led 64 00:04:04,520 --> 00:04:09,200 Speaker 1: to things like horrible, horrible, stinking breath and like a 65 00:04:09,280 --> 00:04:12,640 Speaker 1: funky kind of rotting taste in your mouth. And no 66 00:04:12,640 --> 00:04:14,480 Speaker 1: nobody wants that, So what would they do. They would 67 00:04:14,520 --> 00:04:17,880 Speaker 1: just like get rid of all their their real teeth 68 00:04:17,960 --> 00:04:21,320 Speaker 1: and get them replaced with some handy dandy dentures. And 69 00:04:21,360 --> 00:04:24,440 Speaker 1: we should also point out these problems. I think that 70 00:04:24,560 --> 00:04:27,760 Speaker 1: was the primary problem, but there was also a compounding factor, 71 00:04:27,920 --> 00:04:32,160 Speaker 1: which was people would try to whiten their teeth as 72 00:04:32,160 --> 00:04:36,279 Speaker 1: well by using acidic solutions. So if the sugar didn't 73 00:04:36,279 --> 00:04:39,040 Speaker 1: get you, the acid would. That's the thing you always 74 00:04:39,080 --> 00:04:41,640 Speaker 1: think about when you're you're talking about, you know, past 75 00:04:41,760 --> 00:04:44,520 Speaker 1: forms of technology that we now know and love and 76 00:04:44,839 --> 00:04:47,840 Speaker 1: benefit from. There's a lot of just kind of trial 77 00:04:47,920 --> 00:04:50,160 Speaker 1: and error, and it's like, oh, this does want sort 78 00:04:50,200 --> 00:04:53,159 Speaker 1: of like a mercury as laxidents, Like, oh, this definitely 79 00:04:53,200 --> 00:04:54,960 Speaker 1: does one thing, but it also does this other thing 80 00:04:55,000 --> 00:04:57,400 Speaker 1: that I'm not fully aware of and that is is 81 00:04:57,480 --> 00:05:00,880 Speaker 1: ultimately worse than the thing that it's fixing, right, right, 82 00:05:00,920 --> 00:05:05,159 Speaker 1: But let's make sure my bile is correct. So they're 83 00:05:05,200 --> 00:05:08,680 Speaker 1: they're on a search for dentures. They know enough about 84 00:05:09,040 --> 00:05:13,200 Speaker 1: human anatomy to know that it is virtually impossible, well, 85 00:05:13,240 --> 00:05:17,200 Speaker 1: let's say extraordinary for people to grow multiple sets of teeth. 86 00:05:17,279 --> 00:05:20,680 Speaker 1: It does happen, but not often. And that's when you 87 00:05:20,760 --> 00:05:25,600 Speaker 1: start to find advertisements. He said. This was late eighteenth century, right. 88 00:05:26,080 --> 00:05:30,800 Speaker 1: We found an advertisement reprinted an excellent BBC article that 89 00:05:30,839 --> 00:05:33,359 Speaker 1: we won't won't give you the headline of yet, but 90 00:05:33,839 --> 00:05:36,080 Speaker 1: we we can just go ahead and read it for you. 91 00:05:36,320 --> 00:05:42,880 Speaker 1: It says, wanted several human front teeth to prevent unnecessary applications. 92 00:05:43,000 --> 00:05:46,200 Speaker 1: Those only are wanted that are sent from the continent, 93 00:05:46,520 --> 00:05:52,560 Speaker 1: applied to Dr Wolfendale, Dentist number twenty one Dova Street, Piccadilly. 94 00:05:53,240 --> 00:05:56,279 Speaker 1: That guy's a dentist, but he's not saying that he'll 95 00:05:56,320 --> 00:05:59,800 Speaker 1: fix teeth. He wants to buy teeth. That seems a 96 00:05:59,800 --> 00:06:03,520 Speaker 1: little weird, doesn't it. Yeah, but not really, because here's 97 00:06:03,560 --> 00:06:07,680 Speaker 1: the thing that I was intrigued by. The most popular 98 00:06:08,000 --> 00:06:11,279 Speaker 1: way of making are the most popular and cost effective 99 00:06:11,279 --> 00:06:13,800 Speaker 1: way let's say, of making dentures was out of like 100 00:06:13,920 --> 00:06:18,200 Speaker 1: elephant ivory, for example, or any other type of bone material. 101 00:06:18,680 --> 00:06:21,279 Speaker 1: But I didn't think about this at all. That stuff 102 00:06:21,320 --> 00:06:26,320 Speaker 1: does not have enamel, which is nature's sealant, and that 103 00:06:26,400 --> 00:06:28,720 Speaker 1: is what keeps your teeth from or at least you know, 104 00:06:28,760 --> 00:06:32,159 Speaker 1: slows down the inevitable process of your teeth rotting out 105 00:06:32,160 --> 00:06:35,120 Speaker 1: of your head. So if you have these, um, these 106 00:06:35,160 --> 00:06:38,200 Speaker 1: and these bone dentures in your mouth, they will eventually 107 00:06:38,320 --> 00:06:41,280 Speaker 1: also begin to rot. Yeah, it doesn't matter if their 108 00:06:41,320 --> 00:06:46,000 Speaker 1: wal wrist, tusk, elephant tusk, hippopotamus teeth, they will eventually 109 00:06:46,400 --> 00:06:49,240 Speaker 1: fall the same way, especially if you don't change your diet. 110 00:06:49,480 --> 00:06:53,240 Speaker 1: And I believe was it, um it was George Washington, right, 111 00:06:53,320 --> 00:06:56,760 Speaker 1: who had dentures made of carved hippopotamus ivory. I think 112 00:06:56,760 --> 00:06:59,039 Speaker 1: that's right, And that was Wasn't that like one of 113 00:06:59,080 --> 00:07:01,159 Speaker 1: those kind of missing comber stories where everyone was like 114 00:07:01,160 --> 00:07:03,400 Speaker 1: he had wooden teeth? But the truth was a little 115 00:07:03,440 --> 00:07:07,320 Speaker 1: bit more still weird but but not wouldn't as gross? Well, 116 00:07:07,320 --> 00:07:10,200 Speaker 1: I wouldn't. They would just get disgusting very quick, wouldn't it, 117 00:07:10,200 --> 00:07:13,240 Speaker 1: Because how often wouldn't it? How often would you have 118 00:07:13,360 --> 00:07:18,160 Speaker 1: to replace those wooden dentures. Think about this. Think about 119 00:07:18,160 --> 00:07:21,720 Speaker 1: a wooden spoon and how it holds up in the dishwasher, 120 00:07:21,800 --> 00:07:25,280 Speaker 1: for example, or you know, upon repeated use, it starts 121 00:07:25,280 --> 00:07:28,360 Speaker 1: to get kind of soft and weird and squishy and 122 00:07:28,680 --> 00:07:33,600 Speaker 1: rough around the edges. Anyway, point being the solution, the 123 00:07:33,680 --> 00:07:37,360 Speaker 1: more expensive solution, because a pair of ivory dentures, so 124 00:07:37,440 --> 00:07:39,160 Speaker 1: it's okay, let let me be backtracks a little bit. 125 00:07:39,400 --> 00:07:41,960 Speaker 1: They would be full ivory dentures where they would be 126 00:07:42,040 --> 00:07:44,520 Speaker 1: carved out of a single piece of ivory. Then the 127 00:07:44,680 --> 00:07:47,520 Speaker 1: higher quality ones would have a base of ivory and 128 00:07:47,560 --> 00:07:50,679 Speaker 1: they would have human teeth. To your point, been human 129 00:07:50,680 --> 00:07:53,800 Speaker 1: teeth for sale or you know, seeking human teeth in 130 00:07:53,840 --> 00:07:57,000 Speaker 1: the want ads um stitched in or actually kind of 131 00:07:57,040 --> 00:07:59,280 Speaker 1: like wired in. I believe they were like pins. There 132 00:07:59,320 --> 00:08:00,920 Speaker 1: were there are a different way is doing it. Pins 133 00:08:00,920 --> 00:08:04,080 Speaker 1: and wires were the two primary methods. That's right. So 134 00:08:04,360 --> 00:08:07,960 Speaker 1: this does would cost a hundred pounds with the human teeth, 135 00:08:08,320 --> 00:08:11,239 Speaker 1: and that meant that they were relegated to the upper 136 00:08:11,320 --> 00:08:14,200 Speaker 1: crust of the aristocracy. Even the I don't know, I'm 137 00:08:14,200 --> 00:08:16,240 Speaker 1: not even gonna ask you to inflation calculator that but 138 00:08:16,280 --> 00:08:19,520 Speaker 1: that would have been a dear, dear price. Right. Actually, 139 00:08:19,560 --> 00:08:22,280 Speaker 1: my friends, I have some I have some good news here. 140 00:08:22,720 --> 00:08:26,480 Speaker 1: Because the United Kingdom has been around so long, we 141 00:08:26,600 --> 00:08:30,720 Speaker 1: can take a stab at some inflation calculations, and I'm 142 00:08:30,760 --> 00:08:32,440 Speaker 1: so excited about that. I'm going to give you a 143 00:08:32,480 --> 00:08:36,280 Speaker 1: pass for actuallying me. I feel like I actually both 144 00:08:36,280 --> 00:08:42,080 Speaker 1: of us. So one hundred pounds in sevento is approximately 145 00:08:42,120 --> 00:08:48,240 Speaker 1: equivalent to fourteen thousand, three hundred pounds in eighteen. And 146 00:08:48,360 --> 00:08:52,520 Speaker 1: let's take it a little bit further. Let's convert pounds 147 00:08:52,559 --> 00:08:56,480 Speaker 1: two dollars, because if we're being honest, I'm not sure 148 00:08:56,480 --> 00:08:59,079 Speaker 1: about that conversion rate. I don't know offhand how much 149 00:08:59,120 --> 00:09:02,199 Speaker 1: that is. I'm gonna guess, like thirt K Casey on 150 00:09:02,240 --> 00:09:06,280 Speaker 1: the case was he right? Let's see, let's see us 151 00:09:06,280 --> 00:09:10,360 Speaker 1: in a pound like roughly two dollars. I know it changes. Yeah, 152 00:09:10,920 --> 00:09:13,200 Speaker 1: So what's why I said roughly, guys, roughly was accounting 153 00:09:13,200 --> 00:09:17,120 Speaker 1: for fluctuation. So would that be okay? So it's fourteen thousand, 154 00:09:17,360 --> 00:09:21,480 Speaker 1: three hundred pounds that equates to we have a drum roll, please, 155 00:09:28,640 --> 00:09:34,640 Speaker 1: eight thousand, three hut one seven. The pound is crater. Well, 156 00:09:34,679 --> 00:09:36,160 Speaker 1: you know that that is in the news right now. 157 00:09:36,480 --> 00:09:41,280 Speaker 1: That right, Yeah, Brexit is doing all sorts of shenanigans. Man, 158 00:09:41,360 --> 00:09:43,000 Speaker 1: I gotta buy some stuff from the UK. That's a 159 00:09:43,040 --> 00:09:44,840 Speaker 1: good idea, you know. I actual not to derail us 160 00:09:44,840 --> 00:09:47,160 Speaker 1: too far, but I still can't hear Brexit and not 161 00:09:47,280 --> 00:09:52,080 Speaker 1: think of breakfast really not as tasty. Bregsit is going 162 00:09:52,160 --> 00:09:54,840 Speaker 1: to be a future episode of ridiculous history. If we're 163 00:09:54,880 --> 00:09:58,240 Speaker 1: still doing this show twenty years later. We are, we 164 00:09:58,280 --> 00:10:00,480 Speaker 1: are too. I hope he's love the inner you for it. 165 00:10:05,800 --> 00:10:09,240 Speaker 1: So yeah, people would pay enormous amounts of money for 166 00:10:09,480 --> 00:10:12,640 Speaker 1: these dentures that were, as you said, all the primo 167 00:10:12,760 --> 00:10:16,960 Speaker 1: ones have an ivory base individually sewn in or pinned 168 00:10:16,960 --> 00:10:20,600 Speaker 1: in or wired in human teeth. And the reason that 169 00:10:20,640 --> 00:10:24,400 Speaker 1: people would pay more for this is because the slightly 170 00:10:24,520 --> 00:10:28,839 Speaker 1: lower tier ivory dentures were, as you said, a block 171 00:10:28,880 --> 00:10:32,960 Speaker 1: of ivory where someone would just carve teeth looking notches 172 00:10:33,240 --> 00:10:36,160 Speaker 1: into these things, and they looked terrible because they were 173 00:10:36,160 --> 00:10:40,959 Speaker 1: way too white, and they also were clearly one chomper. 174 00:10:41,760 --> 00:10:45,120 Speaker 1: That's right, yeah, exactly, But back to human teeth. That's 175 00:10:45,200 --> 00:10:47,560 Speaker 1: the human are obviously, like you said, Ben, because of 176 00:10:47,600 --> 00:10:51,600 Speaker 1: the you know, the finite nature of our ability to 177 00:10:51,679 --> 00:10:54,000 Speaker 1: grow teeth. We got the baby ones and then we 178 00:10:54,080 --> 00:10:56,200 Speaker 1: got the big boy and girl ones, and then we're done. 179 00:10:56,280 --> 00:10:59,319 Speaker 1: That's it. They are in short supply because nobody wants 180 00:10:59,360 --> 00:11:00,960 Speaker 1: to part with them if I can help it. Because 181 00:11:01,120 --> 00:11:03,880 Speaker 1: what happens when you lose your teeth, Ben, you can't talk, 182 00:11:04,280 --> 00:11:06,880 Speaker 1: You sound like all mumble mouth. You get these like 183 00:11:06,920 --> 00:11:09,920 Speaker 1: sunken cheeks looking things. You know, you've ever seen somebody 184 00:11:09,960 --> 00:11:14,079 Speaker 1: with dentsures take them out. It's a thing. Uh yeah, 185 00:11:14,200 --> 00:11:17,920 Speaker 1: it's it's a definite weird moment. No shade on anyone 186 00:11:17,960 --> 00:11:20,480 Speaker 1: that is missing their teeth, any elderly folks in the audience. 187 00:11:20,520 --> 00:11:23,400 Speaker 1: It's a natural part of life. But these were like, 188 00:11:23,760 --> 00:11:25,839 Speaker 1: you know, twenty some things, thirty some things, and a 189 00:11:25,880 --> 00:11:28,360 Speaker 1: lot of them were like in high positions and government. 190 00:11:28,520 --> 00:11:31,079 Speaker 1: They did not want to take their turn at the 191 00:11:31,120 --> 00:11:34,240 Speaker 1: podium and have to, you know, mumble their way through 192 00:11:34,360 --> 00:11:37,520 Speaker 1: a speech that was not gonna fly. And one of 193 00:11:37,559 --> 00:11:41,600 Speaker 1: the big questions here then becomes what is the provenance 194 00:11:41,840 --> 00:11:44,880 Speaker 1: of these teeth? Because, as we said, tooth decay was rampant, 195 00:11:45,240 --> 00:11:48,360 Speaker 1: So you know, you have to find the right donor 196 00:11:49,080 --> 00:11:51,440 Speaker 1: in order to provide the teeth Otherwise you have to 197 00:11:51,480 --> 00:11:56,600 Speaker 1: find someone who is either um impoverished and wants to 198 00:11:56,720 --> 00:11:59,439 Speaker 1: make some money to sell their teeth, to sell their 199 00:11:59,480 --> 00:12:02,080 Speaker 1: own teeth. It's like that expression, I'd sell my eye teeth, 200 00:12:02,200 --> 00:12:04,720 Speaker 1: or I'd give my eye teeth for a bite of 201 00:12:04,720 --> 00:12:07,360 Speaker 1: that candy. What's an eye tooth? Yeah, I don't know, 202 00:12:07,440 --> 00:12:10,400 Speaker 1: Ben Casey. Is it a canine? I do not know? Teeth? 203 00:12:10,720 --> 00:12:12,200 Speaker 1: Is it like a wisdom tooth? I feel like it's 204 00:12:12,240 --> 00:12:14,160 Speaker 1: sort of like an imaginary too. Is it just one 205 00:12:14,160 --> 00:12:18,200 Speaker 1: of your front teeth? Let's just go let's go with that, okay, canine? Perhaps? Yeah, 206 00:12:18,240 --> 00:12:21,000 Speaker 1: I was guessing canon, but right in and let us know. 207 00:12:21,720 --> 00:12:24,640 Speaker 1: Although we could just search the internet, well, we'd like 208 00:12:24,720 --> 00:12:26,400 Speaker 1: to hear your tape. So I guess what we're getting 209 00:12:26,440 --> 00:12:28,200 Speaker 1: at is you have to be in a pretty uh 210 00:12:28,400 --> 00:12:31,559 Speaker 1: sticky situation to want to sell your teeth. So while 211 00:12:31,640 --> 00:12:34,200 Speaker 1: that may have happened here and there, that certainly was 212 00:12:34,240 --> 00:12:37,240 Speaker 1: not a sustainable source of teeth, Ben. This is where 213 00:12:37,280 --> 00:12:39,880 Speaker 1: your favorite types from this period come into play. The 214 00:12:39,880 --> 00:12:43,720 Speaker 1: resurrection man. Oh, yes, it is true. It is true, Noal, 215 00:12:44,080 --> 00:12:50,040 Speaker 1: because there was you see one very particular demographic that 216 00:12:50,840 --> 00:12:54,320 Speaker 1: didn't willingly donate their teeth. But we're left in a 217 00:12:54,360 --> 00:12:57,800 Speaker 1: position where they could not object to their teeth being taken. 218 00:12:58,240 --> 00:13:04,600 Speaker 1: And those were soldiers and criminals, because after their spirit 219 00:13:04,679 --> 00:13:08,920 Speaker 1: had departed the mortal plane, especially in the case of criminals, 220 00:13:09,360 --> 00:13:12,959 Speaker 1: their bodies would be used by grave robbers, by resurrection men, 221 00:13:13,080 --> 00:13:17,559 Speaker 1: supplied on the medical black market for people studying anatomy. 222 00:13:17,679 --> 00:13:22,120 Speaker 1: But they found this other secondary market, which was to 223 00:13:22,320 --> 00:13:26,320 Speaker 1: take their teeth and sell them to high flute and dentists. 224 00:13:26,320 --> 00:13:28,120 Speaker 1: And what are you looking for, ben, If you're one 225 00:13:28,120 --> 00:13:30,960 Speaker 1: of these resurrection men, you want the freshest of the fresh. 226 00:13:31,280 --> 00:13:33,520 Speaker 1: You don't want to go actually digging in graves if 227 00:13:33,559 --> 00:13:35,240 Speaker 1: you can help it, I mean, sure you you will 228 00:13:35,280 --> 00:13:38,400 Speaker 1: if you need to. But um, what would be a 229 00:13:38,480 --> 00:13:42,800 Speaker 1: pretty amazing source for these teeth, these precious little bone 230 00:13:42,880 --> 00:13:49,160 Speaker 1: nuggets would be a recent blood bath of a battle, right, 231 00:13:49,440 --> 00:13:52,680 Speaker 1: such as the Battle of Waterloo. That's where we're going totally. 232 00:13:52,720 --> 00:13:56,679 Speaker 1: We're there, Yeah, we're there at the Battle of Waterloo. 233 00:13:57,120 --> 00:14:00,760 Speaker 1: It's gross here, there's there's boy, he's everywhere. What was 234 00:14:00,800 --> 00:14:05,640 Speaker 1: it like fifty dead? Yes, after Napoleon's forces were defeated 235 00:14:05,760 --> 00:14:11,040 Speaker 1: by the the English. Yep, this human tragedy The scene 236 00:14:11,200 --> 00:14:15,880 Speaker 1: is if you imagine Hazy, the smell of carrion is 237 00:14:15,920 --> 00:14:18,400 Speaker 1: in the air. We're here, Ben, we traveled here. Yeah, 238 00:14:18,480 --> 00:14:21,560 Speaker 1: we're here. We are. And if you look in the 239 00:14:21,600 --> 00:14:25,280 Speaker 1: distance there as if you're here with us, you can 240 00:14:25,320 --> 00:14:29,680 Speaker 1: see some groups of people walking from corpse to corpse, 241 00:14:30,360 --> 00:14:36,440 Speaker 1: squatting down with an early version of pliers and wrestling, wriggling, 242 00:14:36,600 --> 00:14:41,760 Speaker 1: wrenching teeth out of the mouths of these corpses. You see, 243 00:14:42,160 --> 00:14:45,680 Speaker 1: this is a brand new business. And we say they're 244 00:14:45,680 --> 00:14:49,120 Speaker 1: taking teeth, They're taking a lot of teeth. Well, here's 245 00:14:49,120 --> 00:14:51,800 Speaker 1: my question, man, do you think this was like parallel thinking? 246 00:14:52,600 --> 00:14:55,800 Speaker 1: Was this just like holy cow, this is a gold 247 00:14:55,840 --> 00:14:59,080 Speaker 1: mine of teeth because this new profession or this you know, 248 00:14:59,480 --> 00:15:02,360 Speaker 1: um new trade had wasn't that new. It would have 249 00:15:02,360 --> 00:15:04,120 Speaker 1: been around for a while. The use of human teeth 250 00:15:04,120 --> 00:15:07,280 Speaker 1: I think dates as far back as uh the bcs 251 00:15:07,480 --> 00:15:11,760 Speaker 1: bcs right, uh seven b c. Etruscans in northern Italy 252 00:15:12,120 --> 00:15:14,680 Speaker 1: made dentures out of human teeth. So, you know, while 253 00:15:14,720 --> 00:15:17,680 Speaker 1: this wasn't like exactly a new idea, it seems like 254 00:15:17,720 --> 00:15:20,480 Speaker 1: it was hot. It was a hot commodity and that 255 00:15:20,560 --> 00:15:23,920 Speaker 1: was a relatively new ish development. Like from the mid 256 00:15:24,000 --> 00:15:26,960 Speaker 1: seventeen hundreds. I guess yeah, and people, here's one of 257 00:15:26,960 --> 00:15:31,160 Speaker 1: the big controversies that we're still trying to suss out today. 258 00:15:31,560 --> 00:15:35,920 Speaker 1: Nowadays we refer to this particular genre of denture as 259 00:15:36,240 --> 00:15:41,680 Speaker 1: Waterloo teeth, based again on that tremendous battle, right, But 260 00:15:42,040 --> 00:15:47,400 Speaker 1: according to some researchers like Rachel Barstow, nobody really called 261 00:15:47,440 --> 00:15:51,680 Speaker 1: them that at the time, and this leads her to 262 00:15:51,760 --> 00:15:57,320 Speaker 1: speculate the people may not have had any idea where 263 00:15:57,360 --> 00:15:59,320 Speaker 1: these teeth were coming from. Do you think this would 264 00:15:59,320 --> 00:16:01,840 Speaker 1: have affected market since all of a sudden I wouldn't 265 00:16:01,840 --> 00:16:04,560 Speaker 1: call it a glut. I guess that demand was so high. 266 00:16:04,600 --> 00:16:10,120 Speaker 1: But this certainly fifty human specimens, you know, that would 267 00:16:10,200 --> 00:16:13,680 Speaker 1: probably have maybe caused a fluctuation in the price. Maybe 268 00:16:14,320 --> 00:16:17,880 Speaker 1: I could see it definitely causing a fluctuation in the price. 269 00:16:18,360 --> 00:16:20,760 Speaker 1: Maybe it would have gone down. We don't know how much. 270 00:16:21,040 --> 00:16:23,600 Speaker 1: You know, it would make this level of dental work 271 00:16:24,160 --> 00:16:27,720 Speaker 1: available to say, someone who was just in the landowning 272 00:16:27,760 --> 00:16:33,080 Speaker 1: class but not wealthy. That answer, we don't know. However, 273 00:16:33,200 --> 00:16:37,560 Speaker 1: we do have a list from the British Dental Association's 274 00:16:37,680 --> 00:16:41,800 Speaker 1: museum in London. It's almost a menu. It's a tooth menu. 275 00:16:42,160 --> 00:16:47,880 Speaker 1: It's it's a mouth menu. It's listing American pivot teeth 276 00:16:48,920 --> 00:16:51,320 Speaker 1: and natural teeth and you can order them in an 277 00:16:51,400 --> 00:16:54,680 Speaker 1: upper set of six, a lower set of six can 278 00:16:54,760 --> 00:16:58,720 Speaker 1: order odd centrals, laterals and canines. What are American pivot teeth? 279 00:16:58,720 --> 00:17:01,240 Speaker 1: What is that referring to? We know that the definition 280 00:17:01,280 --> 00:17:05,119 Speaker 1: of a pivot tooth is an artificial crown attached to 281 00:17:05,200 --> 00:17:07,040 Speaker 1: the root of a tooth. Okay, so what we're talking 282 00:17:07,080 --> 00:17:09,440 Speaker 1: about would be more than natural teeth, right right, We're 283 00:17:09,440 --> 00:17:11,240 Speaker 1: talking about the natural teeth. And we have a chart 284 00:17:11,280 --> 00:17:14,600 Speaker 1: for that too, from a William Harnet's dental depot. And 285 00:17:14,640 --> 00:17:16,879 Speaker 1: a lot of this is coming from a fantastic article 286 00:17:17,160 --> 00:17:20,240 Speaker 1: with amazing visuals on the BBC called The Dentures Made 287 00:17:20,240 --> 00:17:24,120 Speaker 1: from the Teeth of Dead Soldiers at Waterloo by Paul Curly. 288 00:17:24,600 --> 00:17:28,720 Speaker 1: And this dental depot has a price list from eighteen 289 00:17:28,840 --> 00:17:32,760 Speaker 1: fifty one that shows the breakdown of how much dentists 290 00:17:32,760 --> 00:17:37,880 Speaker 1: pay wholesale for these different amounts of teeth. I want 291 00:17:37,880 --> 00:17:41,840 Speaker 1: to be transparent here. I have not become an expert 292 00:17:41,920 --> 00:17:46,679 Speaker 1: in British currency from the nineteenth century, so there are 293 00:17:46,680 --> 00:17:49,879 Speaker 1: abbreviations that I don't understand. Yeah, Like, for example, it 294 00:17:49,920 --> 00:17:52,000 Speaker 1: says you can get them in this natural teeth by 295 00:17:52,000 --> 00:17:53,920 Speaker 1: the way, you can get them in sets of six uppers, 296 00:17:54,119 --> 00:17:56,680 Speaker 1: and it says from and then it says to slash 297 00:17:56,720 --> 00:18:02,119 Speaker 1: six slash and nothing. So hey right in. If you're 298 00:18:02,160 --> 00:18:07,439 Speaker 1: any historical dental historians out there, it's redundant. But you 299 00:18:07,440 --> 00:18:09,440 Speaker 1: know what I'm saying. Let us know. My favorite thing though, 300 00:18:09,440 --> 00:18:11,000 Speaker 1: it is has a whole list and then it says 301 00:18:11,000 --> 00:18:13,320 Speaker 1: it sets of six uppers from and then that, and 302 00:18:13,359 --> 00:18:16,200 Speaker 1: then it says ditto six lowers, and then we've got 303 00:18:16,200 --> 00:18:19,520 Speaker 1: bicuss beds upper. It says nine d each. I'm not 304 00:18:19,560 --> 00:18:23,040 Speaker 1: sure what the D stands for ditto lower sixty. Then 305 00:18:23,359 --> 00:18:26,160 Speaker 1: you got the the animal tight teeth, which I love 306 00:18:26,200 --> 00:18:31,719 Speaker 1: because it offers seahorse teeth. Wouldn't those be tiny? And 307 00:18:31,720 --> 00:18:35,439 Speaker 1: then it all offers straight seahorse teeth, which for some 308 00:18:35,560 --> 00:18:39,240 Speaker 1: reason reminds me of mix tapes where something is straight fire. Well, 309 00:18:39,280 --> 00:18:41,720 Speaker 1: if it's the straight seahorse teeth, that means it's uncut, 310 00:18:42,119 --> 00:18:45,720 Speaker 1: it's und direct. It's the direction of your mouth. With 311 00:18:45,760 --> 00:18:49,199 Speaker 1: seahorse teeth, you also get see how tusk. I presume 312 00:18:49,320 --> 00:18:52,040 Speaker 1: that means that the dentists would be doing the carving 313 00:18:52,040 --> 00:18:55,080 Speaker 1: of the tusk themselves. I imagine, so unless some people 314 00:18:55,160 --> 00:18:58,520 Speaker 1: just really wanted not early tusk, which you know was 315 00:18:58,560 --> 00:19:01,199 Speaker 1: not out of the realm of possibility, especially nowadays with 316 00:19:01,280 --> 00:19:03,320 Speaker 1: all these like grill pieces and stuff. You ever seen 317 00:19:03,480 --> 00:19:06,720 Speaker 1: any of those, Oh yeah, the vampire teeth with some things, 318 00:19:06,960 --> 00:19:10,120 Speaker 1: yea wild. I have an aversion to touching metal, as 319 00:19:10,160 --> 00:19:12,159 Speaker 1: you know, so I the thought of having that in 320 00:19:12,240 --> 00:19:14,159 Speaker 1: my mouth fills me with dread. Well, here's the thing 321 00:19:14,200 --> 00:19:16,600 Speaker 1: for me, it's like you're gonna pay fifty thou dollars 322 00:19:16,600 --> 00:19:19,040 Speaker 1: to look like a meth head. Like, I don't understand 323 00:19:19,080 --> 00:19:22,240 Speaker 1: that logic. You know, it's from a difference. It just 324 00:19:22,240 --> 00:19:25,919 Speaker 1: looks like your teeth are jacked up. That's true, that's true. Um. 325 00:19:26,000 --> 00:19:27,880 Speaker 1: But you know, if it makes people happy and they're 326 00:19:27,920 --> 00:19:31,720 Speaker 1: not hurting anyone, I'm sure that their dentists or jeweler 327 00:19:31,800 --> 00:19:34,280 Speaker 1: isn't complaining. Who do you think puts those? Do you 328 00:19:34,280 --> 00:19:36,119 Speaker 1: think it's a jeweler? Do you think it's a dentist. 329 00:19:36,760 --> 00:19:38,280 Speaker 1: It's funny. The reason I bring it up is because 330 00:19:38,280 --> 00:19:42,280 Speaker 1: I've I discovered this there's a famous jeweler who in 331 00:19:42,400 --> 00:19:45,280 Speaker 1: Dallas who does chains and stuff like he does it 332 00:19:45,320 --> 00:19:47,359 Speaker 1: for like little YACHTI and like all the lils, you know. 333 00:19:47,640 --> 00:19:50,400 Speaker 1: And he also does grill pieces and he I think 334 00:19:50,400 --> 00:19:53,040 Speaker 1: they're faults, like they fit on top of your regular teeth, 335 00:19:53,080 --> 00:19:55,480 Speaker 1: so it's not like they're actually ripping your teeth out 336 00:19:55,480 --> 00:19:59,199 Speaker 1: and replacing them with diamond chunks. But it's still it 337 00:19:59,240 --> 00:20:01,000 Speaker 1: gives me the creeps. To Ben, I'm with you on that. 338 00:20:06,359 --> 00:20:09,440 Speaker 1: So I want to go back to your earlier question 339 00:20:09,640 --> 00:20:16,240 Speaker 1: about whether the market became glutted. It's strange because two 340 00:20:16,280 --> 00:20:20,480 Speaker 1: things occur in the mid eighteen hundreds. There's the eight 341 00:20:20,800 --> 00:20:25,800 Speaker 1: thirty two Anatomy Act, which clamps down on the trade 342 00:20:25,840 --> 00:20:28,560 Speaker 1: and dead human beings and dead human being part because 343 00:20:28,560 --> 00:20:30,240 Speaker 1: it was a wild West up to this point, it 344 00:20:30,320 --> 00:20:33,000 Speaker 1: was pretty weird. They would just go on this battlefield 345 00:20:33,000 --> 00:20:36,360 Speaker 1: and just rip out the teeth of the dearly departed, 346 00:20:36,359 --> 00:20:40,560 Speaker 1: the recently dearly departing. And at the same time, there 347 00:20:40,640 --> 00:20:44,080 Speaker 1: were some new things emerging that could take the place 348 00:20:44,280 --> 00:20:46,280 Speaker 1: of real teeth, and that's where we start to see 349 00:20:46,280 --> 00:20:49,760 Speaker 1: all these straight sea horse teeth. I can't not see 350 00:20:49,760 --> 00:20:52,000 Speaker 1: it that way. That sounds like a really great compliment. 351 00:20:52,000 --> 00:20:55,959 Speaker 1: You talked about someone's mixtapees say, man, that was straight teeth. 352 00:20:56,240 --> 00:20:58,200 Speaker 1: That's a great idea. We should make it a catchphrase. 353 00:20:58,359 --> 00:21:00,879 Speaker 1: I think we should. I think we just did. I 354 00:21:00,920 --> 00:21:03,840 Speaker 1: think we did. Let's tell like power med but you know, 355 00:21:03,920 --> 00:21:07,280 Speaker 1: let's be street seahorse teeth about it. Yeah, I like it. 356 00:21:07,280 --> 00:21:09,720 Speaker 1: It feels good. Some other things happened to like what 357 00:21:09,880 --> 00:21:14,679 Speaker 1: there were some developments in dental technology and required licensing 358 00:21:14,680 --> 00:21:16,359 Speaker 1: of dentists, because remember we were talking about how like 359 00:21:16,600 --> 00:21:19,000 Speaker 1: I think that researcher that you mentioned earlier been what 360 00:21:19,080 --> 00:21:22,320 Speaker 1: was her name, Rachel Barstow. She is quoted in saying 361 00:21:22,359 --> 00:21:26,639 Speaker 1: that during this time, everyone dabbled in dentistry, meaning that 362 00:21:26,720 --> 00:21:31,359 Speaker 1: it was not necessarily a codified profession yet at that point. 363 00:21:31,680 --> 00:21:34,080 Speaker 1: And so that's something that happened right around the time 364 00:21:34,400 --> 00:21:37,480 Speaker 1: of that Anatomy Act. There were also some other developments 365 00:21:37,480 --> 00:21:41,560 Speaker 1: technologically speaking that may have rendered this question of, you know, 366 00:21:41,760 --> 00:21:44,320 Speaker 1: human teeth for the middle class a little bit moot. 367 00:21:44,520 --> 00:21:47,560 Speaker 1: Although we probably had a good fifteen years when the 368 00:21:48,200 --> 00:21:52,360 Speaker 1: products of those fifty thousand dead souls probably made the round, 369 00:21:52,440 --> 00:21:54,400 Speaker 1: that seems like a lot long enough time for those 370 00:21:54,440 --> 00:21:56,399 Speaker 1: to get some use, wouldn't you say? Yeah, I would 371 00:21:56,400 --> 00:21:59,879 Speaker 1: say because at the time. Look, someone invented the first 372 00:22:00,000 --> 00:22:03,919 Speaker 1: porcelain dentures in way back in seventeen seventy four, but 373 00:22:04,040 --> 00:22:06,800 Speaker 1: they were terrible. They would chip just like ivory. They 374 00:22:06,840 --> 00:22:11,440 Speaker 1: sometimes look too white to be convincing. So these waterloo 375 00:22:11,520 --> 00:22:14,520 Speaker 1: teeth or human teeth in general were just considered easier 376 00:22:14,560 --> 00:22:18,480 Speaker 1: to eat with, way more comfortable. And that continued after 377 00:22:18,680 --> 00:22:22,440 Speaker 1: eighteen fifteen until as we're about to explore, now, these 378 00:22:22,480 --> 00:22:27,280 Speaker 1: new technological inventions hit the market. That's right, by the 379 00:22:27,320 --> 00:22:33,480 Speaker 1: eighteen thirties, Um, there were some significant improvements made into 380 00:22:33,480 --> 00:22:37,879 Speaker 1: those crappier porcelain teeth. Uh. And there was something called 381 00:22:38,040 --> 00:22:42,000 Speaker 1: tube teeth that was developed by a jeweler named Claudius 382 00:22:42,400 --> 00:22:46,600 Speaker 1: ash Um. And then again from this BBC article that 383 00:22:46,640 --> 00:22:49,320 Speaker 1: I recommend highly checking out, there's some amazing pictures of 384 00:22:49,359 --> 00:22:52,280 Speaker 1: all the stuff that we're talking about. The American innovators 385 00:22:52,520 --> 00:22:55,880 Speaker 1: of industry, Charles and Nelson Goodyear of of the Goodyear 386 00:22:55,960 --> 00:23:00,200 Speaker 1: Blimp fame, Um developed something called it was a compound 387 00:23:00,320 --> 00:23:03,359 Speaker 1: using something called India rubber that is very much in 388 00:23:03,440 --> 00:23:05,760 Speaker 1: line I think with what is used today that your 389 00:23:05,800 --> 00:23:09,320 Speaker 1: grandpapa might have the pink kind of soft rubbery bass 390 00:23:09,720 --> 00:23:11,879 Speaker 1: that looks very much like gums that make up the 391 00:23:11,920 --> 00:23:14,600 Speaker 1: part of the dentuer that the teeth are actually embedded in. 392 00:23:14,640 --> 00:23:17,000 Speaker 1: And it was easy to mass produce and it fits 393 00:23:17,000 --> 00:23:19,679 Speaker 1: the bill in terms of the color. Yeah, called vulcanites. 394 00:23:19,760 --> 00:23:22,959 Speaker 1: Sometimes it was the discovery of the vulcanization of rubber. 395 00:23:23,040 --> 00:23:27,159 Speaker 1: That's the process that allows rubber to withstand heat and cold. 396 00:23:27,520 --> 00:23:29,679 Speaker 1: And this stuff eventually went on to be used in 397 00:23:29,800 --> 00:23:33,840 Speaker 1: so many other things. Tires, obviously, it's goodyear, pencil erasers, 398 00:23:33,920 --> 00:23:37,840 Speaker 1: life jackets, balls, gloves and more and more stuff. But yeah, 399 00:23:37,960 --> 00:23:41,560 Speaker 1: it played a huge role in the dentists industry. Mentioned 400 00:23:41,600 --> 00:23:46,720 Speaker 1: tube teeth with Claudius ash Uh. He mounted his on 401 00:23:46,840 --> 00:23:49,920 Speaker 1: something similar to a grill. It was eighteen carrot gold 402 00:23:49,960 --> 00:23:53,399 Speaker 1: plate and had gold springs and swivels. And this is 403 00:23:53,440 --> 00:23:56,440 Speaker 1: where we get to a part that really bothers me, man, 404 00:23:56,560 --> 00:24:01,399 Speaker 1: because as even though they're making these are hazy breakthroughs 405 00:24:01,440 --> 00:24:04,640 Speaker 1: in the appearance of the teeth, the appearance of the gums, 406 00:24:04,680 --> 00:24:07,600 Speaker 1: the placing of it, and so on, they still have 407 00:24:07,960 --> 00:24:17,240 Speaker 1: the steampunk esque metal springs that connect the top. Disgusting 408 00:24:17,280 --> 00:24:19,919 Speaker 1: it looks like something off of Hell Raiser, wouldn't that 409 00:24:20,040 --> 00:24:22,160 Speaker 1: like rub you raw on the inside of your mouth. 410 00:24:22,240 --> 00:24:24,800 Speaker 1: I was thinking about that too, like cutting the inside 411 00:24:24,800 --> 00:24:28,320 Speaker 1: of your cheeks. But the thing is these would get 412 00:24:28,359 --> 00:24:31,480 Speaker 1: fitted for people and then refitted after they had spent 413 00:24:31,600 --> 00:24:33,359 Speaker 1: some time with them. You would go to a jeweler, 414 00:24:33,560 --> 00:24:35,960 Speaker 1: jeweler and they would fix up your they would fix 415 00:24:36,000 --> 00:24:38,359 Speaker 1: your springs, because that's the thing. Then that researcher you 416 00:24:38,359 --> 00:24:43,320 Speaker 1: mentioned earlier, Rachel Barrister bars, Yeah, she had a great 417 00:24:43,359 --> 00:24:46,879 Speaker 1: quote saying that in around this time, everyone dabbled in 418 00:24:46,960 --> 00:24:50,399 Speaker 1: dentistry because there were no like laws on the books 419 00:24:50,520 --> 00:24:54,720 Speaker 1: or regulations governing the profession or any kind of certifications. 420 00:24:54,880 --> 00:24:57,800 Speaker 1: That would not come for many, many more years, which 421 00:24:57,800 --> 00:25:00,480 Speaker 1: is crazy to me, until like almost nineteen hundred, I 422 00:25:00,480 --> 00:25:03,520 Speaker 1: think around eighteen seventy nine. That was when the first 423 00:25:03,520 --> 00:25:07,920 Speaker 1: register was right. But they they didn't even have a 424 00:25:08,000 --> 00:25:11,480 Speaker 1: dental legislation passed until eighteen seventy eight. So that's why 425 00:25:11,520 --> 00:25:14,760 Speaker 1: you would go to a jeweler rather than a specialized dentist, 426 00:25:15,040 --> 00:25:17,120 Speaker 1: unless you had a dentist who happened to just be 427 00:25:17,480 --> 00:25:22,000 Speaker 1: somehow good and not just some Johnny toothpick off the street. 428 00:25:22,240 --> 00:25:25,520 Speaker 1: Who wants to mess with stranger's teeth for money? Yes, 429 00:25:25,640 --> 00:25:31,160 Speaker 1: j yeah, Johnny toothpick. And as we know, this field 430 00:25:31,200 --> 00:25:36,520 Speaker 1: continues to evolve. In the twentieth century, Acrylic starts placing 431 00:25:36,600 --> 00:25:42,960 Speaker 1: volcanite fluoride makes its way into toothpaste. But the big question, 432 00:25:43,640 --> 00:25:46,080 Speaker 1: which we still still do not know the answer to, 433 00:25:46,560 --> 00:25:51,160 Speaker 1: is how many of these people knew where they were 434 00:25:51,240 --> 00:25:55,480 Speaker 1: getting these teeth? I mean, what would you have done? Wait, 435 00:25:55,560 --> 00:25:58,320 Speaker 1: like if you if you had some Really you've been eating, 436 00:25:58,440 --> 00:26:01,639 Speaker 1: You've been living a sugary sweet life. You put some 437 00:26:02,720 --> 00:26:07,880 Speaker 1: sticks and skittles and marzipan or something you love Marza pan. 438 00:26:08,520 --> 00:26:11,359 Speaker 1: I like that. That's the stuff with the almond dinner paste. 439 00:26:11,359 --> 00:26:14,320 Speaker 1: It's amazing, so good. And make little trinkets out of 440 00:26:14,359 --> 00:26:18,760 Speaker 1: it too. You can mold it into little little little mushrooms. 441 00:26:19,560 --> 00:26:21,920 Speaker 1: We should get some marzapan after this, we should I 442 00:26:21,960 --> 00:26:24,280 Speaker 1: should be like, you know what the there's like a 443 00:26:24,320 --> 00:26:28,800 Speaker 1: French bakery downstairs that has marzi pane. It's a good place. Um, 444 00:26:28,880 --> 00:26:31,640 Speaker 1: what would I do if would you if you were 445 00:26:32,000 --> 00:26:35,320 Speaker 1: on if you were on the dental fence and you 446 00:26:35,400 --> 00:26:38,960 Speaker 1: had lost several teeth at this time, would you be 447 00:26:39,080 --> 00:26:42,200 Speaker 1: comfortable putting the teeth of another person in your mouth? 448 00:26:42,280 --> 00:26:44,920 Speaker 1: Taking a tooth donor? I would much prefer the teeth 449 00:26:44,960 --> 00:26:49,280 Speaker 1: of a freshly deceased, you know, strapping young lad, then 450 00:26:49,359 --> 00:26:52,159 Speaker 1: that of some sort of hardened criminal hanging from the noose, 451 00:26:53,080 --> 00:26:56,120 Speaker 1: rotting in the sun. Yeah, yeah, I see what you said. 452 00:26:56,119 --> 00:26:58,600 Speaker 1: So how I feel about that? Yeah, I'm I'm on 453 00:26:58,640 --> 00:27:00,680 Speaker 1: the same page as the resurrection, and I want mine 454 00:27:00,680 --> 00:27:05,240 Speaker 1: to be fresh. There's another thing that happens in let's 455 00:27:05,280 --> 00:27:10,120 Speaker 1: see before the legislation stuff passes in the UK. Supplies 456 00:27:10,280 --> 00:27:13,679 Speaker 1: of these human teeth are not just limited to Waterloo 457 00:27:13,720 --> 00:27:16,639 Speaker 1: and criminals. They increased during the Carimean War of the 458 00:27:16,680 --> 00:27:21,439 Speaker 1: eighteen fifties, and in eighteen sixty five, outfit named the 459 00:27:21,520 --> 00:27:26,800 Speaker 1: Paul Maull Gazette reported that some London dentists still refused 460 00:27:26,840 --> 00:27:29,880 Speaker 1: to switch the porcelain. They said, no, natural teeth, that's 461 00:27:29,920 --> 00:27:33,600 Speaker 1: my business. Human teeth get me more teeth. And I 462 00:27:33,640 --> 00:27:36,240 Speaker 1: know Waterloo is over, but we have a whole new 463 00:27:36,359 --> 00:27:39,399 Speaker 1: source on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. You see, 464 00:27:40,000 --> 00:27:43,199 Speaker 1: the Civil War occurred. I've heard of that, Yeah, And 465 00:27:43,280 --> 00:27:47,520 Speaker 1: now there's an entirely new source of teeth for what 466 00:27:47,560 --> 00:27:52,000 Speaker 1: we're called the tooth robbers, so like evil tooth fairies, 467 00:27:52,200 --> 00:27:55,680 Speaker 1: mercenary tooth fairies. Love that image, Ben, I love that image. 468 00:27:55,760 --> 00:27:58,320 Speaker 1: Now here's a question for you. Sure can you imagine 469 00:27:58,359 --> 00:28:02,359 Speaker 1: if like oregan transplants were possible in those days, what 470 00:28:02,880 --> 00:28:05,359 Speaker 1: an absolute ship show those battlefields would have been, with 471 00:28:05,400 --> 00:28:08,239 Speaker 1: people just pulling out guts left and right, throwing them 472 00:28:08,240 --> 00:28:11,240 Speaker 1: in the coolers. You know, I shuddered. I think a 473 00:28:11,320 --> 00:28:13,720 Speaker 1: lot of people would have died simply because the hygiene 474 00:28:13,800 --> 00:28:17,440 Speaker 1: wasn't there, right, and we didn't really understand what makes 475 00:28:17,600 --> 00:28:20,400 Speaker 1: uh because in this alternatate stuff, in this alternate reality 476 00:28:20,440 --> 00:28:22,800 Speaker 1: of mine, organ transplants are possible, but people are still 477 00:28:22,880 --> 00:28:26,440 Speaker 1: quite disgusting, right Well they would also firstly, if we've 478 00:28:26,520 --> 00:28:28,399 Speaker 1: learned anything, the first thing they would try to do 479 00:28:28,520 --> 00:28:34,680 Speaker 1: is transplant organs from animals. Which, uh, that's my that's 480 00:28:34,720 --> 00:28:37,720 Speaker 1: my reaction to that. We're verging onto a different show 481 00:28:37,800 --> 00:28:39,840 Speaker 1: that we do. But check out our episode and stuff 482 00:28:39,880 --> 00:28:41,880 Speaker 1: they want you to know about the red market. The 483 00:28:41,920 --> 00:28:45,800 Speaker 1: red market, it's a real thing in In the meantime, though, 484 00:28:46,160 --> 00:28:49,080 Speaker 1: I've got to say all that we give dentists a 485 00:28:49,080 --> 00:28:51,880 Speaker 1: tough time I if you're listening and you're in the 486 00:28:51,960 --> 00:28:55,360 Speaker 1: dental industry where you're a hygienist, or you're someone who 487 00:28:55,440 --> 00:28:58,920 Speaker 1: just carves teeth from enamel, which is a job, yeah, 488 00:28:59,520 --> 00:29:03,760 Speaker 1: or your a dds yourself. Thank you so much, hug 489 00:29:03,760 --> 00:29:06,840 Speaker 1: a dentists. Hugg you dentists, thank them for not putting 490 00:29:06,920 --> 00:29:09,920 Speaker 1: the teeth of a corpse in your mouth. That sounds 491 00:29:09,960 --> 00:29:14,200 Speaker 1: like an ancient curse or something that may the teeth 492 00:29:14,240 --> 00:29:17,800 Speaker 1: of the corps ever be in your mouth? Right? That's uh, 493 00:29:17,840 --> 00:29:20,440 Speaker 1: that's some pox on your house kind of stuff, really is. 494 00:29:20,760 --> 00:29:24,720 Speaker 1: And on that note, on that note, I like ending 495 00:29:24,800 --> 00:29:28,760 Speaker 1: one dentist and then and then a curse a pox 496 00:29:28,800 --> 00:29:33,680 Speaker 1: on your mouth. So let us know what your experiences 497 00:29:33,880 --> 00:29:36,920 Speaker 1: have been with dentists. Do you think dentistry gets a 498 00:29:36,960 --> 00:29:40,520 Speaker 1: hard wrap? Uh? Do you think people should be more 499 00:29:40,600 --> 00:29:44,600 Speaker 1: appreciative of dentists? Would you sport the teeth of a 500 00:29:44,640 --> 00:29:47,440 Speaker 1: corpse in your mouth on a day to day basis 501 00:29:47,440 --> 00:29:50,400 Speaker 1: while you eat your hot pockets? Let us know. You 502 00:29:50,400 --> 00:29:52,200 Speaker 1: can write to us a ridiculous at how stuff works 503 00:29:52,200 --> 00:29:53,960 Speaker 1: dot com. You can hit us up on our Facebook group, 504 00:29:54,000 --> 00:29:58,000 Speaker 1: which is the Ridiculous Historians on Facebook. Courtesy of our 505 00:29:58,000 --> 00:30:01,000 Speaker 1: pal Mark Zuckerberg. We've got some thanks to throw out there. 506 00:30:01,240 --> 00:30:03,600 Speaker 1: We do have some things to throw out there, of course, 507 00:30:03,720 --> 00:30:08,200 Speaker 1: Casey super producer, Casey pegram As always thank you, No, 508 00:30:08,720 --> 00:30:11,920 Speaker 1: I want to thank you. I think this has been 509 00:30:11,960 --> 00:30:14,959 Speaker 1: a pretty cool conversation. We found some neat catchphrases. That's 510 00:30:15,000 --> 00:30:19,480 Speaker 1: straight seahorse teeth dog right right. And we also want 511 00:30:19,600 --> 00:30:22,800 Speaker 1: to thank Alex Williams who composed our track, which is 512 00:30:22,840 --> 00:30:25,960 Speaker 1: straight Sea horse teeth. Which is straight Sea horse teeth, folks, 513 00:30:26,560 --> 00:30:29,720 Speaker 1: I hope you enjoy this catchphrase because I think we're 514 00:30:29,720 --> 00:30:32,280 Speaker 1: gonna we're gonna ride this one out. Is not the 515 00:30:32,360 --> 00:30:34,959 Speaker 1: last you've heard of straight Sea horse teeth, definitely not. 516 00:30:35,320 --> 00:30:38,400 Speaker 1: We want to thank our research associates, Gabe christophersse Thissen 517 00:30:38,440 --> 00:30:40,560 Speaker 1: to use, Jeff go and most importantly, we want to 518 00:30:40,560 --> 00:30:44,240 Speaker 1: thank you folks out there in podcast land. Thanks for listening, 519 00:30:44,280 --> 00:30:46,480 Speaker 1: and be sure to change in next time when we 520 00:30:46,600 --> 00:30:51,320 Speaker 1: talk about feral children and imperialism. It's gonna be a 521 00:30:51,360 --> 00:30:54,400 Speaker 1: good old time. And Roger Kip, Oh boy, that guy 522 00:30:54,640 --> 00:31:00,320 Speaker 1: was a jerk. Real pill two