1 00:00:01,280 --> 00:00:04,279 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff You Missed in History Class, a production 2 00:00:04,360 --> 00:00:13,640 Speaker 1: of I Heart Radio. Hello and welcome to the podcast. 3 00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:17,360 Speaker 1: I'm Tracy V. Wilson and I'm Holly Frying. Today we 4 00:00:17,440 --> 00:00:20,960 Speaker 1: have part two of our episode on French author Collette 5 00:00:21,600 --> 00:00:24,400 Speaker 1: Love and Passion and pain and Loss. We're all ongoing 6 00:00:24,560 --> 00:00:27,600 Speaker 1: themes and her writing. And her writing also played a 7 00:00:27,600 --> 00:00:31,720 Speaker 1: lot with gender and sexuality, including lots of portrayals of 8 00:00:31,800 --> 00:00:36,640 Speaker 1: women and their physical desires and their pursuits of fulfilling relationships. 9 00:00:37,479 --> 00:00:40,960 Speaker 1: Most critics consider Collett's portrayals of women to be the 10 00:00:41,000 --> 00:00:44,599 Speaker 1: most interesting and the most fully realized, sometimes with her 11 00:00:44,640 --> 00:00:50,040 Speaker 1: portrayals of men being criticized as seeming weak or one dimensional. 12 00:00:51,000 --> 00:00:54,120 Speaker 1: Part one of this two part episode is highly recommended 13 00:00:54,200 --> 00:00:57,080 Speaker 1: before getting into this one because it covers the first 14 00:00:57,240 --> 00:01:01,320 Speaker 1: forty years of Collett's life, include her marriage to Ari 15 00:01:01,520 --> 00:01:07,320 Speaker 1: de Jouvenel. We're picking up during that marriage today heads up. 16 00:01:07,600 --> 00:01:12,840 Speaker 1: Today's episode includes Collette's sexual relationship with her sixteen year 17 00:01:12,840 --> 00:01:17,160 Speaker 1: old stepson, and we will also have some brief mentions 18 00:01:17,200 --> 00:01:21,600 Speaker 1: of suicide. So, as we mentioned in Part one, Colette's 19 00:01:21,600 --> 00:01:25,080 Speaker 1: second husband, Rie de Jouvenelle, was a wealthy baron and 20 00:01:25,160 --> 00:01:27,880 Speaker 1: during their marriage, he was elected to represent the Department 21 00:01:27,880 --> 00:01:31,920 Speaker 1: of Cores in the French Parliament. Colette was writing fiction 22 00:01:32,040 --> 00:01:34,880 Speaker 1: as well as writing for Lamatta, where Henri was a 23 00:01:34,880 --> 00:01:39,720 Speaker 1: political journalist and editor. In addition to her writing, Colette 24 00:01:39,840 --> 00:01:43,360 Speaker 1: was called on to host various officials and dignitaries and 25 00:01:43,440 --> 00:01:46,280 Speaker 1: to visit them as well. This was all a big 26 00:01:46,319 --> 00:01:49,000 Speaker 1: shift from what her life had been like before this point. 27 00:01:49,960 --> 00:01:54,120 Speaker 1: Prior to their marriage, Alri had a reputation as a womanizer, 28 00:01:54,680 --> 00:01:58,720 Speaker 1: and sometime during Colette's pregnancy with their daughter, he started 29 00:01:58,760 --> 00:02:02,320 Speaker 1: having an affair with an other woman. Collette found out 30 00:02:02,360 --> 00:02:06,120 Speaker 1: and was once again devastated, and this might have led 31 00:02:06,160 --> 00:02:10,040 Speaker 1: to a pretty speedy end for their relationship, But then 32 00:02:10,120 --> 00:02:13,560 Speaker 1: World War One began and in August of nineteen fourteen, 33 00:02:13,639 --> 00:02:17,560 Speaker 1: Ari was called into active service in the military. Collette 34 00:02:17,639 --> 00:02:20,600 Speaker 1: made a very brief for a into volunteering as a 35 00:02:20,720 --> 00:02:23,560 Speaker 1: night nurse before transferring to the day shift and then 36 00:02:23,639 --> 00:02:28,480 Speaker 1: traveling under forged identification papers to join her husband. And 37 00:02:28,520 --> 00:02:31,000 Speaker 1: when we say this for it was brief, it lasted 38 00:02:31,040 --> 00:02:33,200 Speaker 1: about a week before she asked to move to the 39 00:02:33,280 --> 00:02:37,000 Speaker 1: day shift and then set off a verdant Soon she 40 00:02:37,080 --> 00:02:39,800 Speaker 1: was writing about what she saw there, becoming one of 41 00:02:39,800 --> 00:02:42,320 Speaker 1: the first women in Europe to report from the front. 42 00:02:42,880 --> 00:02:46,320 Speaker 1: Her work was published at Demetta that was the publication 43 00:02:46,480 --> 00:02:49,679 Speaker 1: that her husband edited, and she published at other journals 44 00:02:49,680 --> 00:02:53,280 Speaker 1: and newspapers as well. Then this work was published as 45 00:02:53,320 --> 00:02:56,480 Speaker 1: a collection called The Long Hours after the war was over. 46 00:02:57,360 --> 00:03:00,560 Speaker 1: She focused a lot of her wartime writing on how 47 00:03:00,600 --> 00:03:04,280 Speaker 1: the war was affecting women and children. This wasn't a 48 00:03:04,360 --> 00:03:08,360 Speaker 1: subject that many other reporters were really covering. But this 49 00:03:08,440 --> 00:03:14,200 Speaker 1: work is also lyrical, more sentimental, and sometimes even romanticized, 50 00:03:14,560 --> 00:03:17,560 Speaker 1: especially when compared to writers who were focused more on 51 00:03:17,639 --> 00:03:23,400 Speaker 1: the war's horrific and violent aspects. In Secrets of the Flesh, 52 00:03:23,400 --> 00:03:27,400 Speaker 1: a Life of Colette, biographer Judith Thurman writes, quote, there 53 00:03:27,480 --> 00:03:30,440 Speaker 1: is not a single corpse in any of her dispatches. 54 00:03:30,639 --> 00:03:35,240 Speaker 1: There is anxiety, but no despair, hunger but no starvation. 55 00:03:36,200 --> 00:03:39,440 Speaker 1: Some of this is probably a byproduct of where Colette 56 00:03:39,560 --> 00:03:42,680 Speaker 1: was and what she personally witnessed, but it's also one 57 00:03:42,720 --> 00:03:45,760 Speaker 1: of the running themes of her life. She often did 58 00:03:45,760 --> 00:03:49,360 Speaker 1: not directly comment on or seemed to notice political crises 59 00:03:49,480 --> 00:03:54,000 Speaker 1: or major world events unless they personally affected her. For example, 60 00:03:54,400 --> 00:03:56,440 Speaker 1: most of what we talked about in part one of 61 00:03:56,440 --> 00:03:59,520 Speaker 1: this episode took place during the Drefist affair, which we 62 00:03:59,600 --> 00:04:02,240 Speaker 1: covered on the show as a two parter in one, 63 00:04:02,400 --> 00:04:06,040 Speaker 1: and that was something that divided French society, and we 64 00:04:06,080 --> 00:04:10,000 Speaker 1: didn't mention it because Collette's surviving writing never even mentions it, 65 00:04:10,280 --> 00:04:12,520 Speaker 1: and we don't really know what her opinions were on it, 66 00:04:12,640 --> 00:04:14,920 Speaker 1: although we do know Weallye, who she was married to 67 00:04:15,000 --> 00:04:19,719 Speaker 1: at the time, was anti Semitic and anti Drefussar. On 68 00:04:19,839 --> 00:04:23,839 Speaker 1: the rare occasion that Collette did directly comment on things 69 00:04:23,880 --> 00:04:27,440 Speaker 1: like politics, her opinions didn't really align with what a 70 00:04:27,520 --> 00:04:30,400 Speaker 1: person might expect based on what we have talked about 71 00:04:30,480 --> 00:04:34,120 Speaker 1: in her life so far, like she took dance lessons 72 00:04:34,160 --> 00:04:37,000 Speaker 1: and started publishing her work under her own name in 73 00:04:37,160 --> 00:04:40,760 Speaker 1: preparation to leave her husband, and all of that ran 74 00:04:40,920 --> 00:04:44,040 Speaker 1: contrary to what was expected of women. She tried to 75 00:04:44,080 --> 00:04:46,880 Speaker 1: make a life for herself under her own terms, and 76 00:04:47,040 --> 00:04:49,760 Speaker 1: one of the themes of her writing is that women 77 00:04:49,800 --> 00:04:54,240 Speaker 1: should be able to feel fulfilled, including having sexual fulfillment 78 00:04:54,279 --> 00:04:57,720 Speaker 1: in their lives. But she didn't think of herself as 79 00:04:57,720 --> 00:05:01,640 Speaker 1: a feminist or advocate for political equality regardless of sex. 80 00:05:02,560 --> 00:05:05,560 Speaker 1: In nineteen ten, she told an interviewer that she thought 81 00:05:05,680 --> 00:05:10,320 Speaker 1: suffragists were disgusting and said they deserved quote the whip 82 00:05:10,400 --> 00:05:13,720 Speaker 1: and the harem. After the war was over, Alrid de 83 00:05:13,839 --> 00:05:17,680 Speaker 1: Juvenna traveled to Geneva as part of France's delegation to 84 00:05:17,760 --> 00:05:22,800 Speaker 1: the Disarmament Commission, and Collett's role expanded at Lamenta. In 85 00:05:22,839 --> 00:05:26,279 Speaker 1: addition to working as a theater critic, she became literary editor, 86 00:05:26,640 --> 00:05:31,159 Speaker 1: including deciding which works of fiction Lomentin should publish. She 87 00:05:31,240 --> 00:05:34,800 Speaker 1: also turned her attention back to writing fiction herself, which 88 00:05:34,839 --> 00:05:37,960 Speaker 1: she had not done much of during the war. The 89 00:05:38,080 --> 00:05:41,719 Speaker 1: result was Cherie, published serially and then as a book 90 00:05:41,760 --> 00:05:45,200 Speaker 1: in nineteen twenty. This is about an affair between a 91 00:05:45,240 --> 00:05:48,240 Speaker 1: forty nine year old woman named Leah and a five 92 00:05:48,320 --> 00:05:52,560 Speaker 1: year old man named Bread, known as Cherie. This follows 93 00:05:52,640 --> 00:05:56,640 Speaker 1: their affair through to its necessary end, and the end 94 00:05:56,680 --> 00:05:59,920 Speaker 1: of that affair leaves both of them heartbroken all the 95 00:06:00,160 --> 00:06:04,440 Speaker 1: Collette originally envisioned this as a play. It became one 96 00:06:04,480 --> 00:06:08,160 Speaker 1: of her best known novels, especially in France. That same 97 00:06:08,240 --> 00:06:11,200 Speaker 1: year she was named Chevalier in the French Legion of Honor. 98 00:06:12,000 --> 00:06:16,279 Speaker 1: After Colette had started publishing Cherry Alri's ex wife, Sarah, 99 00:06:16,320 --> 00:06:19,360 Speaker 1: sent their son Bertran to try to convince Colette to 100 00:06:19,400 --> 00:06:22,800 Speaker 1: persuade Enri to allow Sarah to keep using her married name. 101 00:06:23,760 --> 00:06:27,400 Speaker 1: The de Juvenal name carried a lot of Prestigian influence, 102 00:06:27,440 --> 00:06:30,040 Speaker 1: and Henri seems to have felt like Sarah was abusing 103 00:06:30,080 --> 00:06:34,479 Speaker 1: that privilege and was annoyed about it. Bertran was sixteen, 104 00:06:34,880 --> 00:06:37,000 Speaker 1: the same age that Colette had been when she met 105 00:06:37,040 --> 00:06:41,719 Speaker 1: her first husband. Really, Collette seduced Bertran, and her behavior 106 00:06:41,760 --> 00:06:44,599 Speaker 1: toward him, and her descriptions of all this are pretty 107 00:06:44,640 --> 00:06:49,720 Speaker 1: manipulative and predatory. Bertron had a girlfriend his own age, Pamela, 108 00:06:49,880 --> 00:06:53,359 Speaker 1: the sister of one of his school friends, when Colette, 109 00:06:53,360 --> 00:06:56,520 Speaker 1: who was forty eight, started seducing him. This included giving 110 00:06:56,600 --> 00:06:59,200 Speaker 1: him books from her library to read, and one of 111 00:06:59,240 --> 00:07:03,400 Speaker 1: those books us Cherie about this affair between an older 112 00:07:03,400 --> 00:07:06,680 Speaker 1: woman and a much younger man. She later said, quote, 113 00:07:06,720 --> 00:07:11,040 Speaker 1: I invented Leah as a premonition. The biography we mentioned 114 00:07:11,040 --> 00:07:14,400 Speaker 1: earlier described the Villa of rose Ven, where Colette spent 115 00:07:14,440 --> 00:07:18,720 Speaker 1: her summers, as quote a hotbed of Chicovian drama. During 116 00:07:18,720 --> 00:07:22,760 Speaker 1: this time, Collette also passed letters back and forth between 117 00:07:22,760 --> 00:07:26,600 Speaker 1: Bertrand and Pamela and used their relationship as the basis 118 00:07:26,680 --> 00:07:30,880 Speaker 1: for Leblon abb or The Ripening Seed, which came out 119 00:07:30,920 --> 00:07:35,520 Speaker 1: in That was also the year that Ari found out 120 00:07:35,560 --> 00:07:39,040 Speaker 1: what was going on, either Colette admitted it to him 121 00:07:39,160 --> 00:07:43,120 Speaker 1: or he caught them together. He was outraged and left 122 00:07:43,160 --> 00:07:48,080 Speaker 1: Colette immediately. Ari had numerous affairs during their marriage, but 123 00:07:48,320 --> 00:07:52,520 Speaker 1: his wife sleeping with his teenage son was obviously something 124 00:07:52,680 --> 00:07:57,400 Speaker 1: very different from that. Bertrand described himself as horrified to 125 00:07:57,560 --> 00:08:00,680 Speaker 1: have been the cause of all this chaos and strife. 126 00:08:01,280 --> 00:08:05,600 Speaker 1: Given aure's position at Lamadon, Colette had to stop working 127 00:08:05,640 --> 00:08:08,440 Speaker 1: there after a few months. She went to work at 128 00:08:08,520 --> 00:08:12,000 Speaker 1: one of the publication's rivals, Le Journal, and she and 129 00:08:12,080 --> 00:08:17,080 Speaker 1: Bertramp continued to have a pretty public relationship in Paris. This, 130 00:08:17,360 --> 00:08:19,840 Speaker 1: of course, led to a lot of scandal and gossip, 131 00:08:20,160 --> 00:08:23,320 Speaker 1: more connected to the fact that Bertrand was Colette's husband's 132 00:08:23,320 --> 00:08:29,280 Speaker 1: son than their respective ages. Eventually, Bertrand's engagement was announced 133 00:08:29,360 --> 00:08:33,640 Speaker 1: to Marcel Pratt, and Colette was extremely jealous and kept 134 00:08:33,640 --> 00:08:36,920 Speaker 1: trying to convince him to stay with her instead, but 135 00:08:37,040 --> 00:08:42,840 Speaker 1: Bertrand's wedding went on as planned. In Collette published a 136 00:08:42,880 --> 00:08:46,720 Speaker 1: sequel to Sari called The Last of Schari the following year. 137 00:08:47,440 --> 00:08:51,280 Speaker 1: In its after Years Apart, Schari returns to Leah and 138 00:08:51,320 --> 00:08:55,199 Speaker 1: finds her older and heavier, and he's no longer attracted 139 00:08:55,200 --> 00:08:57,640 Speaker 1: to her. He takes his own life at the end 140 00:08:57,640 --> 00:08:59,520 Speaker 1: of the book, which is one of a number of 141 00:08:59,559 --> 00:09:03,199 Speaker 1: suice sides in Colette's writing. By the time this book 142 00:09:03,240 --> 00:09:07,000 Speaker 1: was published, Colette had met someone else, Maurice Gudiquette, who 143 00:09:07,040 --> 00:09:10,280 Speaker 1: was thirty five. He had long been a fan of 144 00:09:10,320 --> 00:09:13,599 Speaker 1: her work, and at first he found her really intimidating, 145 00:09:14,160 --> 00:09:17,240 Speaker 1: but their relationship would continue for the rest of her life. 146 00:09:18,160 --> 00:09:20,800 Speaker 1: During that time, she would evolve from being thought of 147 00:09:20,840 --> 00:09:25,239 Speaker 1: as a perpetual source of scandal, chaos, and controversial literature 148 00:09:25,800 --> 00:09:29,199 Speaker 1: to a more mature and knowing woman whose long experience 149 00:09:29,240 --> 00:09:32,120 Speaker 1: had given her perspective on things like love and loss, 150 00:09:32,960 --> 00:09:35,880 Speaker 1: and also for having a deep love of fine things, 151 00:09:35,920 --> 00:09:39,880 Speaker 1: including good food and wine, and taking joy in indulgence. 152 00:09:40,640 --> 00:09:45,400 Speaker 1: She would eventually say of herself justue gourmet gourmand gluton 153 00:09:45,800 --> 00:09:50,200 Speaker 1: or I am gourmet greedy gluttonius. We'll have more on 154 00:09:50,240 --> 00:10:02,280 Speaker 1: her life. After a quick sponsor break before his death 155 00:10:02,280 --> 00:10:06,239 Speaker 1: in nineteen twenty two, Marcel Proust had been widely regarded 156 00:10:06,280 --> 00:10:11,080 Speaker 1: as France's greatest living writer. After that point, in a 157 00:10:11,160 --> 00:10:15,720 Speaker 1: lot of people's opinion, France's greatest writer was Colette. As 158 00:10:15,720 --> 00:10:19,079 Speaker 1: the nineteen twenties progressed, Colette decided to sell the villa 159 00:10:19,120 --> 00:10:22,120 Speaker 1: of Roseven that she and Missy had purchased so that 160 00:10:22,200 --> 00:10:25,880 Speaker 1: she could purchase another place near Central Bay. She continued 161 00:10:25,920 --> 00:10:29,160 Speaker 1: to both write and act, including a touring production of 162 00:10:29,200 --> 00:10:33,040 Speaker 1: Sherry with herself in the role of Leah. She published 163 00:10:33,040 --> 00:10:36,440 Speaker 1: a series of stories about her childhood called My Mother's 164 00:10:36,440 --> 00:10:40,400 Speaker 1: House in nineteen twenty two. In ninety eight, she was 165 00:10:40,480 --> 00:10:43,320 Speaker 1: named an officer in the French Legion of Honor, and 166 00:10:43,360 --> 00:10:46,280 Speaker 1: a year later she published Sido, which was a memoir 167 00:10:46,360 --> 00:10:49,439 Speaker 1: of her mother's Sidonie, who had died in nineteen twelve. 168 00:10:50,280 --> 00:10:54,160 Speaker 1: We talked about how much she admired and aspired to 169 00:10:54,200 --> 00:10:56,400 Speaker 1: be like her mother, and a lot of people had 170 00:10:56,400 --> 00:10:59,840 Speaker 1: pointed out that like it took a while before she 171 00:11:00,080 --> 00:11:02,640 Speaker 1: returned to the idea of her mother and her writing. 172 00:11:02,679 --> 00:11:07,760 Speaker 1: After her mother's death, Colette and Maurice struggled financially after 173 00:11:07,800 --> 00:11:12,040 Speaker 1: the Great Depression started in Maurice had been a pearl merchant, 174 00:11:12,120 --> 00:11:15,079 Speaker 1: and his business had already become a lot less profitable, 175 00:11:15,160 --> 00:11:19,920 Speaker 1: in part because the fashion world was turning toward costume jewelry. 176 00:11:20,080 --> 00:11:23,040 Speaker 1: He eventually gave up his pearl business and started selling 177 00:11:23,040 --> 00:11:27,360 Speaker 1: things like used washing machines. Then, in nineteen thirty one, 178 00:11:27,720 --> 00:11:32,040 Speaker 1: Colette broke her fibula. She developed ulcers around her cast, 179 00:11:32,200 --> 00:11:35,640 Speaker 1: so doctors removed it much earlier than they normally would. 180 00:11:36,400 --> 00:11:40,720 Speaker 1: Colette later developed arthritis, which was progressively disabling and painful, 181 00:11:41,160 --> 00:11:43,920 Speaker 1: and Maurice believed this break and how it was treated 182 00:11:43,960 --> 00:11:48,240 Speaker 1: were a factor. Colette tried many different treatments for this condition, 183 00:11:48,360 --> 00:11:52,920 Speaker 1: including thermal baths, acupuncture, and during the nineteen forties X 184 00:11:53,000 --> 00:11:56,120 Speaker 1: ray treatments, some of which caused burns on her stomach 185 00:11:56,120 --> 00:12:00,920 Speaker 1: and legs. In ninety two, Colette published a Plezzier or 186 00:12:01,160 --> 00:12:05,319 Speaker 1: These Pleasures, which would later be revised and republished as 187 00:12:05,440 --> 00:12:09,360 Speaker 1: The Pure and the Impure. She later described this as 188 00:12:09,400 --> 00:12:12,400 Speaker 1: the closest she would ever come to an autobiography, and 189 00:12:12,480 --> 00:12:14,920 Speaker 1: included a lot of her thoughts on love and passion, 190 00:12:15,360 --> 00:12:19,000 Speaker 1: especially in terms of same sex relationships. That included an 191 00:12:19,000 --> 00:12:21,640 Speaker 1: account of the ladies of Longcotland, who we covered on 192 00:12:21,679 --> 00:12:25,360 Speaker 1: the podcast back in that one made a return to 193 00:12:25,440 --> 00:12:28,880 Speaker 1: people's feeds in as part of an episode or a 194 00:12:29,040 --> 00:12:31,160 Speaker 1: pot sort of a playlist of all of our favorites. 195 00:12:31,880 --> 00:12:35,480 Speaker 1: She also continued to appear on stage, including another portrayal 196 00:12:35,480 --> 00:12:38,160 Speaker 1: of Leiah in a production of Sherry, although by this 197 00:12:38,240 --> 00:12:41,080 Speaker 1: point she was visibly older than the character that she 198 00:12:41,160 --> 00:12:45,560 Speaker 1: was portraying. She also opened a beauty institute in nineteen 199 00:12:45,640 --> 00:12:50,200 Speaker 1: thirty two, where she made and sold perfumes and cosmetic treatments. 200 00:12:50,240 --> 00:12:52,880 Speaker 1: She framed this as giving other women the power to 201 00:12:53,080 --> 00:12:56,480 Speaker 1: enhance and preserve their beauty and stave off aging, and 202 00:12:56,559 --> 00:12:59,240 Speaker 1: a lot of people thought the whole idea was way 203 00:12:59,320 --> 00:13:03,080 Speaker 1: beneath the right or of such national stature. The institute 204 00:13:03,200 --> 00:13:05,640 Speaker 1: only lasted for about a year, though it seems like 205 00:13:05,679 --> 00:13:08,640 Speaker 1: she more or less just kind of lost interest in 206 00:13:09,880 --> 00:13:13,400 Speaker 1: Collette and Maurice got married in a civil ceremony. They 207 00:13:13,440 --> 00:13:16,280 Speaker 1: had been together for about a decade, and he was 208 00:13:16,360 --> 00:13:19,720 Speaker 1: forty five and she was sixty two. Their decision to 209 00:13:19,760 --> 00:13:22,520 Speaker 1: get married at this point was at least ostensibly a 210 00:13:22,559 --> 00:13:26,319 Speaker 1: practical one, not necessarily a romantic one. They were planning 211 00:13:26,360 --> 00:13:28,640 Speaker 1: a trip to New York and they'd heard that the 212 00:13:28,679 --> 00:13:31,480 Speaker 1: hotels might not rent them a room together if they 213 00:13:31,520 --> 00:13:35,400 Speaker 1: were not married. This relationship seems to have been happy, 214 00:13:35,600 --> 00:13:39,480 Speaker 1: stable and loving. Maurice later said of it, quote, I 215 00:13:39,520 --> 00:13:42,360 Speaker 1: set myself gently by the side of this woman whom 216 00:13:42,440 --> 00:13:45,120 Speaker 1: life had so wounded, and I did so with the 217 00:13:45,120 --> 00:13:48,400 Speaker 1: firm determination of proving to her that fidelity was not 218 00:13:48,520 --> 00:13:52,160 Speaker 1: an empty word. Year by year she grew more persuaded 219 00:13:52,200 --> 00:13:54,600 Speaker 1: of this, and her last books bear witness to a 220 00:13:54,679 --> 00:13:58,800 Speaker 1: serenity that she would not otherwise have acquired. The year 221 00:13:58,880 --> 00:14:02,400 Speaker 1: Collette and Maurice got married, Ari de Juvenell died, and 222 00:14:02,520 --> 00:14:06,240 Speaker 1: the year after that Colette published My Apprenticeships, which is 223 00:14:06,280 --> 00:14:08,600 Speaker 1: both the story of how she became a writer and 224 00:14:08,720 --> 00:14:12,800 Speaker 1: a look at her relationship with her first husband, Arigotie Viler, 225 00:14:13,040 --> 00:14:17,080 Speaker 1: also known as Really. He had died back in one 226 00:14:17,720 --> 00:14:21,160 Speaker 1: This is pretty scathing and its treatment of him. Her 227 00:14:21,200 --> 00:14:25,120 Speaker 1: reputation of a writer was continuing to grow. In ninety six, 228 00:14:25,120 --> 00:14:27,600 Speaker 1: she was named Commander in the French Legion of Honor. 229 00:14:28,360 --> 00:14:32,120 Speaker 1: By that point, Adolph Hitler had become Chancellor of Germany. 230 00:14:32,360 --> 00:14:36,320 Speaker 1: The Nazi Party had been made Germany's only legal political party, 231 00:14:36,600 --> 00:14:41,120 Speaker 1: and had passed discriminatory laws restricting virtually every aspect of 232 00:14:41,200 --> 00:14:45,960 Speaker 1: Jewish people's lives and stripping them of German citizenship. Tensions 233 00:14:45,960 --> 00:14:49,120 Speaker 1: were escalating in Europe and in Asia, and Italy had 234 00:14:49,160 --> 00:14:53,000 Speaker 1: invaded Ethiopia, but as was the case with so many 235 00:14:53,080 --> 00:14:56,800 Speaker 1: other major events, Collette didn't really seem to pay much 236 00:14:56,800 --> 00:15:00,160 Speaker 1: attention to any of it. This was true even after 237 00:15:00,240 --> 00:15:03,720 Speaker 1: Paris fell to the German army in nineteen forty, after 238 00:15:03,760 --> 00:15:06,920 Speaker 1: which the French government moved to Vichy and began collaborating 239 00:15:06,920 --> 00:15:10,760 Speaker 1: with the Nazi Party, And it was true even though 240 00:15:10,880 --> 00:15:15,640 Speaker 1: Maurice Gutiquet was Jewish. But then on December seven, nineteen 241 00:15:15,640 --> 00:15:19,400 Speaker 1: forty one, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and the United 242 00:15:19,440 --> 00:15:22,960 Speaker 1: States made its formal entry into World War Two. The 243 00:15:23,000 --> 00:15:28,080 Speaker 1: French resistance increased its activities, and in response, Hitler issued 244 00:15:28,120 --> 00:15:31,480 Speaker 1: what was known as the Night and Fog Decree, allowing 245 00:15:31,560 --> 00:15:34,760 Speaker 1: German authorities to arrest people who were believed to be 246 00:15:34,840 --> 00:15:38,760 Speaker 1: part of the resistance or otherwise in endangering German interests. 247 00:15:39,400 --> 00:15:42,000 Speaker 1: The name night and Fog came from the idea that 248 00:15:42,040 --> 00:15:46,640 Speaker 1: these arrests, which really were essentially kidnappings, would happen during 249 00:15:46,640 --> 00:15:50,560 Speaker 1: the night, with people simply disappearing from site, they would 250 00:15:50,560 --> 00:15:53,480 Speaker 1: be detained and they would be tried in secret courts. 251 00:15:54,200 --> 00:15:57,600 Speaker 1: On December twelfth, ninety one, the Gestapo arrived at the 252 00:15:57,640 --> 00:16:01,160 Speaker 1: Paris apartment in the Palais Royale, where Colette and Maurice 253 00:16:01,200 --> 00:16:04,680 Speaker 1: were living. This is something neither of them seemed to 254 00:16:04,720 --> 00:16:06,840 Speaker 1: have thought of as a possibility, and they were not 255 00:16:06,960 --> 00:16:10,400 Speaker 1: at all prepared for it. Colette and their housekeeper were 256 00:16:10,440 --> 00:16:12,920 Speaker 1: able to pack a small bag for Maurice before he 257 00:16:13,000 --> 00:16:18,920 Speaker 1: was taken away. This was obviously terrifying for everyone, especially 258 00:16:18,920 --> 00:16:22,400 Speaker 1: because both Colette and Maurice don't seem to have considered 259 00:16:22,440 --> 00:16:25,960 Speaker 1: that something like this could happen. Collette said that for 260 00:16:26,040 --> 00:16:29,040 Speaker 1: the rest of her life, her mouth would start trembling 261 00:16:29,160 --> 00:16:34,240 Speaker 1: anytime someone unexpectedly arrived at her door. Maurice was held 262 00:16:34,320 --> 00:16:37,720 Speaker 1: at a detention camp northeast of Paris. He later described 263 00:16:37,760 --> 00:16:39,800 Speaker 1: this as a place where he was not given much 264 00:16:39,840 --> 00:16:43,280 Speaker 1: to eat, and their betting was infested with vermin, but 265 00:16:43,480 --> 00:16:46,920 Speaker 1: at least for fit and healthy people, things were manageable 266 00:16:46,960 --> 00:16:50,240 Speaker 1: and the guards mostly left them alone. He managed to 267 00:16:50,240 --> 00:16:52,680 Speaker 1: have notes to Collette smuggled out of the camp from 268 00:16:52,680 --> 00:16:55,360 Speaker 1: time to time, most of them asking for things like 269 00:16:55,480 --> 00:17:00,680 Speaker 1: food or books. Meanwhile, Colette tried to free him, calling 270 00:17:00,680 --> 00:17:04,040 Speaker 1: in favors, talking to anybody she thought might be able 271 00:17:04,080 --> 00:17:08,639 Speaker 1: to help. Eventually, on February six ninety two, he was 272 00:17:08,800 --> 00:17:11,879 Speaker 1: freed on the order of Otto Abbott's, who was the 273 00:17:12,000 --> 00:17:16,320 Speaker 1: German ambassador to vic France. He had married a French 274 00:17:16,440 --> 00:17:21,560 Speaker 1: woman named Suzanne de Breiker in two She had convinced 275 00:17:21,560 --> 00:17:26,320 Speaker 1: her husband to intervene on Collette's behalf. After Maurice's release 276 00:17:26,400 --> 00:17:29,000 Speaker 1: from the camp, they remained in Paris. A couple of 277 00:17:29,040 --> 00:17:31,439 Speaker 1: months later, they had tea with Susanne de Breiker at 278 00:17:31,440 --> 00:17:35,879 Speaker 1: the German embassy. That June, the Nazis ordered Jewish people 279 00:17:35,880 --> 00:17:38,160 Speaker 1: in France and a number of other countries to start 280 00:17:38,200 --> 00:17:41,879 Speaker 1: wearing yellow stars. This is something that Colette described her 281 00:17:41,960 --> 00:17:46,040 Speaker 1: husband as not particularly bothered by. It was only after 282 00:17:46,200 --> 00:17:49,960 Speaker 1: Viscy authorities started deporting thousands of Jewish people from France 283 00:17:50,080 --> 00:17:52,840 Speaker 1: and one of Colett's Jewish friends took her own life 284 00:17:53,320 --> 00:17:56,400 Speaker 1: that they started to believe that Paris might be too dangerous. 285 00:17:57,000 --> 00:18:01,200 Speaker 1: They went to centro Pe using forged papers. Eventually, Maurice 286 00:18:01,240 --> 00:18:03,960 Speaker 1: made his way back to Paris and remained in hiding there. 287 00:18:04,720 --> 00:18:06,960 Speaker 1: Collette made her way back as well, and they were 288 00:18:06,960 --> 00:18:09,680 Speaker 1: both in Paris when it was liberated in August of 289 00:18:09,800 --> 00:18:15,080 Speaker 1: n Shortly before the liberation of Paris, Missy dea Bouf, 290 00:18:15,119 --> 00:18:17,800 Speaker 1: who we talked about in Part one, died by suicide 291 00:18:18,280 --> 00:18:22,760 Speaker 1: sometime after the immediate aftermath of their breakup had subsided. 292 00:18:23,080 --> 00:18:26,680 Speaker 1: Missy and Colette had gotten in contact again. They kept 293 00:18:26,760 --> 00:18:29,760 Speaker 1: up a correspondence for most of the rest of their lives. 294 00:18:30,320 --> 00:18:33,400 Speaker 1: Missy died at the age of eighty one, having outlived 295 00:18:33,520 --> 00:18:38,119 Speaker 1: many close friends and also started to experience some cognitive decline. 296 00:18:38,600 --> 00:18:40,800 Speaker 1: As was the case with much of what happened in 297 00:18:40,840 --> 00:18:44,639 Speaker 1: the world during Colette's lifetime, she did not really comment 298 00:18:44,760 --> 00:18:47,120 Speaker 1: on the events of World War two or speak out 299 00:18:47,200 --> 00:18:51,119 Speaker 1: against the Nazi Party's violent anti semitism, even as it 300 00:18:51,200 --> 00:18:55,280 Speaker 1: targeted her husband. We do not really know her thought 301 00:18:55,280 --> 00:18:58,719 Speaker 1: process on this. Some scenarios are easy to imagine, like 302 00:18:59,400 --> 00:19:02,399 Speaker 1: she may have understood that if she were publicly vocal 303 00:19:02,480 --> 00:19:04,920 Speaker 1: on any of this, her husband's life would be at risk. 304 00:19:05,640 --> 00:19:09,639 Speaker 1: But she's described as being a passive collaborationist during World 305 00:19:09,640 --> 00:19:12,360 Speaker 1: War two, and she also published a lot of her 306 00:19:12,359 --> 00:19:16,520 Speaker 1: work in pro visy anti Semitic journals. During the war, 307 00:19:16,640 --> 00:19:20,679 Speaker 1: she also published a novel, Julie de Carnilon, which contained 308 00:19:20,920 --> 00:19:26,240 Speaker 1: a lot of anti Semitic language. Even generously, this was 309 00:19:26,280 --> 00:19:30,440 Speaker 1: not good, any of it. One of Collette's more well 310 00:19:30,480 --> 00:19:34,080 Speaker 1: known novellas, especially in the United States, was one of 311 00:19:34,080 --> 00:19:36,720 Speaker 1: the works she published in a pro VC journal during 312 00:19:36,760 --> 00:19:40,119 Speaker 1: World War Two. This was Gig, which was published in 313 00:19:41,760 --> 00:19:43,840 Speaker 1: This is the story of a girl in Paris whose 314 00:19:43,920 --> 00:19:46,480 Speaker 1: grandmother and great aunt are training her to be a 315 00:19:46,560 --> 00:19:50,879 Speaker 1: high class courtisan. Does not go exactly the way that 316 00:19:50,920 --> 00:19:53,680 Speaker 1: those two women are planning for her. After the war 317 00:19:53,880 --> 00:19:57,520 Speaker 1: was over, Collette chose Audrey Hepburn to play the role 318 00:19:57,600 --> 00:20:00,800 Speaker 1: of Gigi on Broadway, and that launched hep Barn's career. 319 00:20:01,600 --> 00:20:05,080 Speaker 1: She was also made into a musical film in and 320 00:20:05,119 --> 00:20:08,040 Speaker 1: that film won all nine Academy Awards that it was 321 00:20:08,080 --> 00:20:11,960 Speaker 1: nominated for. Collette did not live to see this version 322 00:20:12,000 --> 00:20:14,359 Speaker 1: of her novella, though, and we're going to talk about 323 00:20:14,400 --> 00:20:26,199 Speaker 1: that after we pause for a sponsor break. As we 324 00:20:26,240 --> 00:20:30,480 Speaker 1: mentioned earlier, Collette developed arthritis and it worsened during World 325 00:20:30,520 --> 00:20:34,040 Speaker 1: War Two. We've also talked about how Collette really hated 326 00:20:34,040 --> 00:20:36,840 Speaker 1: the idea of aging, and in her younger years she 327 00:20:36,880 --> 00:20:39,480 Speaker 1: had kept up a fitness regiment to both sculpt what 328 00:20:39,560 --> 00:20:43,040 Speaker 1: her body looked like and to hopefully prevent physical problems 329 00:20:43,160 --> 00:20:46,480 Speaker 1: later on in her life. Her body changed a lot 330 00:20:46,520 --> 00:20:49,560 Speaker 1: as she got older, but she had really hoped that 331 00:20:49,600 --> 00:20:52,560 Speaker 1: she was going to be active and physically well all 332 00:20:52,600 --> 00:20:55,959 Speaker 1: the way until the end. So her disability and the 333 00:20:56,040 --> 00:20:59,760 Speaker 1: chronic pain that accompanied it were just very, very upsetting 334 00:20:59,800 --> 00:21:03,520 Speaker 1: to her. She tried to remain in good spirits, and 335 00:21:03,800 --> 00:21:07,120 Speaker 1: if she thought she was sinking too far into despair, 336 00:21:07,200 --> 00:21:09,680 Speaker 1: she would think about when the Gestapo came from Maurice. 337 00:21:09,960 --> 00:21:12,000 Speaker 1: She thought that was the worst thing that could ever 338 00:21:12,080 --> 00:21:15,960 Speaker 1: happen to her, and it had already happened. She spent 339 00:21:16,040 --> 00:21:17,959 Speaker 1: most of the last years of her life in an 340 00:21:17,960 --> 00:21:21,760 Speaker 1: apartment in Paris that overlooked the Palais Royal Gardens, an 341 00:21:21,800 --> 00:21:25,800 Speaker 1: apartment that she described as quote another country home in Paris. 342 00:21:26,680 --> 00:21:29,040 Speaker 1: Her bed was pushed against the window so she could 343 00:21:29,040 --> 00:21:31,280 Speaker 1: see outside and sit in the fresh air when the 344 00:21:31,280 --> 00:21:34,359 Speaker 1: weather was good. For a time, she was still able 345 00:21:34,400 --> 00:21:36,879 Speaker 1: to travel, and she and Maurice would stay with friends 346 00:21:36,960 --> 00:21:40,119 Speaker 1: or in hotels, or visit spas and thermal baths with 347 00:21:40,200 --> 00:21:43,399 Speaker 1: the hope that she would get some pain relief. But 348 00:21:43,680 --> 00:21:46,040 Speaker 1: the more trouble she had with her mobility, the less 349 00:21:46,080 --> 00:21:49,359 Speaker 1: this was possible. This was an upstairs apartment, it was 350 00:21:49,400 --> 00:21:53,120 Speaker 1: not accessible to her. Getting downstairs required her and her 351 00:21:53,119 --> 00:21:56,640 Speaker 1: wheelchair to be carried. That was something that required two 352 00:21:56,680 --> 00:22:00,280 Speaker 1: strong people to do. Maurice thought about moving them to 353 00:22:00,359 --> 00:22:03,080 Speaker 1: a first floor apartment where this wouldn't be an issue, 354 00:22:03,200 --> 00:22:06,439 Speaker 1: but worried that that kind of relocation would just be 355 00:22:06,520 --> 00:22:09,359 Speaker 1: too upsetting for her, and then she would also no 356 00:22:09,440 --> 00:22:11,960 Speaker 1: longer have the view of the gardens that she loved 357 00:22:12,000 --> 00:22:15,399 Speaker 1: so much. After World War two, there had been a 358 00:22:15,400 --> 00:22:18,440 Speaker 1: wave of effort in France to seek out and prosecute 359 00:22:18,440 --> 00:22:22,800 Speaker 1: people who had collaborated with Germany. Many writers who had 360 00:22:22,800 --> 00:22:25,880 Speaker 1: published in the pro Vichy press had their work boycotted, 361 00:22:26,160 --> 00:22:30,720 Speaker 1: and some faced death threats and violence, but Collette's reputation 362 00:22:30,920 --> 00:22:34,639 Speaker 1: was seemingly unaffected by her publishing in a range of 363 00:22:34,720 --> 00:22:39,280 Speaker 1: pro Vissy journals during the war. On May second, she 364 00:22:39,400 --> 00:22:42,600 Speaker 1: was elected to the French literary organization known as the 365 00:22:42,640 --> 00:22:46,639 Speaker 1: Academy goncur. She was only the second woman to be 366 00:22:46,760 --> 00:22:51,760 Speaker 1: so honored at mondegoncour who established the Academy, had specified 367 00:22:51,840 --> 00:22:54,320 Speaker 1: in his will that it was not open to women 368 00:22:54,440 --> 00:22:58,800 Speaker 1: or Jews. He also excluded poets and members of the 369 00:22:58,840 --> 00:23:03,359 Speaker 1: Academy fonseai Is. In ninety Colette was nominated for the 370 00:23:03,400 --> 00:23:07,560 Speaker 1: Nobel Prize in Literature, although that prize went to T. S. Eliott. 371 00:23:08,080 --> 00:23:11,080 Speaker 1: In nineteen fifty three, she was named Grand Officer in 372 00:23:11,119 --> 00:23:14,679 Speaker 1: the French Legion of Honor. Colette died in Paris on 373 00:23:14,720 --> 00:23:18,040 Speaker 1: August third, nineteen fifty four, at the age of eighty one. 374 00:23:18,280 --> 00:23:20,639 Speaker 1: Maurice wrote an account of her death and which he 375 00:23:20,720 --> 00:23:24,280 Speaker 1: said that as she was dying, she kept admonishing him 376 00:23:24,280 --> 00:23:28,480 Speaker 1: to look. Look. He couldn't see what was so absorbing 377 00:23:28,520 --> 00:23:30,679 Speaker 1: and so wondrous to her, and thought she must be 378 00:23:30,680 --> 00:23:34,479 Speaker 1: seeing paradise. He later said of her quote. For thirty 379 00:23:34,560 --> 00:23:37,080 Speaker 1: years she enabled me to live in a fairy world. 380 00:23:38,000 --> 00:23:41,400 Speaker 1: It is often mentioned that Colette was denied Catholic funeral 381 00:23:41,480 --> 00:23:45,280 Speaker 1: rites because of her divorces and remarriages, which is true, 382 00:23:45,680 --> 00:23:48,960 Speaker 1: but she had not left any instructions for what should 383 00:23:48,960 --> 00:23:52,240 Speaker 1: happen to her after her death, aside from the instruction 384 00:23:52,440 --> 00:23:55,720 Speaker 1: that no one should see her. The request for a 385 00:23:55,800 --> 00:24:00,560 Speaker 1: Catholic funeral had come from Maurice. Colette wasn't dead honored 386 00:24:00,560 --> 00:24:03,800 Speaker 1: with a state funeral in France on August seventh, nineteen 387 00:24:03,800 --> 00:24:08,520 Speaker 1: fifty four. She was buried at pearl Ches Cemetery. Maurice 388 00:24:08,560 --> 00:24:11,720 Speaker 1: had become her literary executor. He later wrote a book 389 00:24:11,800 --> 00:24:14,679 Speaker 1: about their life together called pret to Colette or Close 390 00:24:14,720 --> 00:24:18,320 Speaker 1: to Collette. He later remarried and also became a father 391 00:24:18,400 --> 00:24:20,960 Speaker 1: at the age of seventy one. He wrote a memoir 392 00:24:21,080 --> 00:24:23,760 Speaker 1: about this, called The Delights of Growing Old, which was 393 00:24:23,760 --> 00:24:28,520 Speaker 1: published in nineteen sixty six. He died on January nineteen 394 00:24:28,560 --> 00:24:32,240 Speaker 1: seventy seven. Her daughter died in nineteen eighty one and 395 00:24:32,359 --> 00:24:36,879 Speaker 1: was buried next to Collette at Parlaches. Collette was regarded 396 00:24:36,920 --> 00:24:39,320 Speaker 1: as a national icon in France by the time of 397 00:24:39,359 --> 00:24:42,960 Speaker 1: her death, and her work was widely read and deeply beloved. 398 00:24:43,480 --> 00:24:46,720 Speaker 1: She wrote at least fifty books, along with plays and articles, 399 00:24:46,760 --> 00:24:50,360 Speaker 1: and a ton of letters. She was a very avid correspondent. 400 00:24:51,000 --> 00:24:53,400 Speaker 1: Although some of her books had been translated into other 401 00:24:53,480 --> 00:24:56,840 Speaker 1: languages during her lifetime, she didn't become as widely known 402 00:24:56,840 --> 00:24:59,679 Speaker 1: in many other parts of the world until later. In 403 00:24:59,760 --> 00:25:02,920 Speaker 1: the UK and the US, her popularity didn't really take 404 00:25:02,960 --> 00:25:06,440 Speaker 1: hold until the nineteen seventies thanks to a surging interest 405 00:25:06,560 --> 00:25:10,000 Speaker 1: in women's literature. Will end with a quote from her 406 00:25:10,000 --> 00:25:13,440 Speaker 1: work that, to me evokes both collette style of writing 407 00:25:13,520 --> 00:25:16,119 Speaker 1: and how she viewed her own life and work. She 408 00:25:16,240 --> 00:25:20,119 Speaker 1: published the short story Levrial de Vane, or The Tendrils 409 00:25:20,119 --> 00:25:22,879 Speaker 1: of the Vine in Night. This was part of a 410 00:25:22,920 --> 00:25:26,320 Speaker 1: collection of stories by the same name. She wrote it 411 00:25:26,359 --> 00:25:30,080 Speaker 1: before her separation from Willie, in the early years of 412 00:25:30,119 --> 00:25:33,800 Speaker 1: her career as a writer. It's framed as a legend 413 00:25:34,040 --> 00:25:36,840 Speaker 1: that the nightingale didn't used to sing at night until 414 00:25:36,880 --> 00:25:39,159 Speaker 1: he woke to find that he had become entangled in 415 00:25:39,200 --> 00:25:43,080 Speaker 1: a fast growing vine. The nightingale feared that he would die, 416 00:25:43,240 --> 00:25:45,600 Speaker 1: and so he swore to stay awake and sing for 417 00:25:45,640 --> 00:25:49,440 Speaker 1: as long as the vine grew. While singing, he discovered 418 00:25:49,480 --> 00:25:52,159 Speaker 1: his own voice and fell in love with it. Singing quote, 419 00:25:52,440 --> 00:25:55,720 Speaker 1: I want to say say say everything. I know, everything, 420 00:25:55,760 --> 00:25:59,920 Speaker 1: I think, everything, I guess everything which delights and hurt 421 00:26:00,160 --> 00:26:05,400 Speaker 1: and astonishes me. That is called who. As I said 422 00:26:05,400 --> 00:26:08,400 Speaker 1: at the beginning of part one, aren't of her life 423 00:26:08,440 --> 00:26:11,399 Speaker 1: file Love and other parts? I'm like, no, that was 424 00:26:11,720 --> 00:26:16,000 Speaker 1: that was bad girl. What do you have a listener 425 00:26:16,080 --> 00:26:18,840 Speaker 1: mail for us? I do? This is from Cindy. Cindy 426 00:26:18,840 --> 00:26:22,920 Speaker 1: wrote to us after we talked in our most recent 427 00:26:23,000 --> 00:26:28,040 Speaker 1: Unearthed episodes about watermelon seeds and eating roasted watermelon seeds, 428 00:26:28,040 --> 00:26:31,840 Speaker 1: and yes, Hi, Holly and Tracy, longtime fan of the show. 429 00:26:32,200 --> 00:26:34,280 Speaker 1: I've never really been compelled to write, but when you 430 00:26:34,320 --> 00:26:37,040 Speaker 1: mentioned trying roasted watermelon seeds, I just felt the need 431 00:26:37,080 --> 00:26:41,560 Speaker 1: to act. Roasted in seasoned watermelon seeds her popular snack 432 00:26:41,600 --> 00:26:44,200 Speaker 1: in China and a staple at gatherings. I would say 433 00:26:44,200 --> 00:26:47,600 Speaker 1: they taste like a slightly sweeter sunflower seed. As much 434 00:26:47,640 --> 00:26:50,120 Speaker 1: as I like eating them, though, I dreaded them being 435 00:26:50,200 --> 00:26:53,240 Speaker 1: brought out at a party because it almost always meant 436 00:26:53,240 --> 00:26:56,280 Speaker 1: that no matter when we said we were going to leave, 437 00:26:56,640 --> 00:27:00,399 Speaker 1: and how late it got, the adults would chatter away 438 00:27:00,480 --> 00:27:03,280 Speaker 1: for another hour or two, a pile of seed husks 439 00:27:03,359 --> 00:27:06,560 Speaker 1: slowly growing between them on the table. As the oldest 440 00:27:06,680 --> 00:27:09,480 Speaker 1: child in the family and among my parents friends, it 441 00:27:09,600 --> 00:27:11,720 Speaker 1: just meant I had to sit among the toddlers a 442 00:27:11,800 --> 00:27:15,080 Speaker 1: little longer. Still, though, it's one of my favorite snacks, 443 00:27:15,080 --> 00:27:17,760 Speaker 1: and I think that if you like sunflower or pumpkin seeds, 444 00:27:17,760 --> 00:27:20,639 Speaker 1: you should definitely give them a try. You can find 445 00:27:20,680 --> 00:27:24,000 Speaker 1: the seeds at most local Chinese supermarkets, but I've included 446 00:27:24,040 --> 00:27:26,639 Speaker 1: a link to a brand my family likes, as well 447 00:27:26,680 --> 00:27:29,919 Speaker 1: as pictures of my cat and pup. My girlfriend and 448 00:27:29,960 --> 00:27:32,280 Speaker 1: I adopted the kittie about five months ago and his 449 00:27:32,359 --> 00:27:36,880 Speaker 1: name is Eggs Benedict. I love it, me do. He's 450 00:27:36,920 --> 00:27:38,680 Speaker 1: the most active cat I've ever seen and loves to 451 00:27:38,760 --> 00:27:41,520 Speaker 1: join us on hikes. The pup is Cedric, and I 452 00:27:41,560 --> 00:27:44,040 Speaker 1: started listening to your show around the time when I 453 00:27:44,080 --> 00:27:46,880 Speaker 1: adopted him about six years ago. I'm sure he would 454 00:27:46,880 --> 00:27:49,320 Speaker 1: recognize your voices in a crowd. At this point, You've 455 00:27:49,400 --> 00:27:51,720 Speaker 1: kept us company on many a long drive. Thanks for 456 00:27:51,760 --> 00:27:54,800 Speaker 1: all you do, and please keep up the great work. Cindy. 457 00:27:54,960 --> 00:27:58,239 Speaker 1: Cindy sent a picture of um they are They are 458 00:27:58,400 --> 00:28:02,080 Speaker 1: soy sauce watermelons needs. Other folks had also let us 459 00:28:02,119 --> 00:28:03,720 Speaker 1: know that if there are things that you can pick 460 00:28:03,840 --> 00:28:09,040 Speaker 1: up at Chinese or other Asian supermarkets, and then of 461 00:28:09,080 --> 00:28:13,280 Speaker 1: course animal pictures, which we always super super love. So 462 00:28:13,359 --> 00:28:15,720 Speaker 1: thank you so much for letting me know that. About 463 00:28:16,040 --> 00:28:19,280 Speaker 1: watermelon seeds, I don't know that they have ever caught 464 00:28:19,320 --> 00:28:22,480 Speaker 1: my eye when I have been in one of the 465 00:28:22,600 --> 00:28:27,520 Speaker 1: very out of our various local Asian groceries, So thank you. 466 00:28:28,320 --> 00:28:30,119 Speaker 1: If you would like to send us a note about 467 00:28:30,160 --> 00:28:32,479 Speaker 1: this or any other podcasts were at History Podcasts at 468 00:28:32,480 --> 00:28:35,760 Speaker 1: i heart radio dot com. We're also on social media 469 00:28:35,800 --> 00:28:38,560 Speaker 1: at missed in History and Let's Throw Find our Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, 470 00:28:38,600 --> 00:28:42,120 Speaker 1: in Instagram, and you can subscribe to our show on 471 00:28:42,200 --> 00:28:44,080 Speaker 1: the I heart Radio app or wherever you like to 472 00:28:44,120 --> 00:28:51,680 Speaker 1: get your podcasts. Stuff you Missed in History Class is 473 00:28:51,720 --> 00:28:54,920 Speaker 1: a production of I heart Radio. For more podcasts from 474 00:28:54,920 --> 00:28:58,280 Speaker 1: I heart Radio, visit the i heart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, 475 00:28:58,400 --> 00:29:00,400 Speaker 1: or wherever you listen to your favorite shows.