1 00:00:03,800 --> 00:00:06,680 Speaker 1: Welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind from how Stuff 2 00:00:06,720 --> 00:00:13,880 Speaker 1: Works dot Com. Hey, welcome to Stuff to Blow your Mind. 3 00:00:13,920 --> 00:00:18,560 Speaker 1: My name is Robert Lamb and I'm Julie Douglas. Julie. Um, 4 00:00:18,640 --> 00:00:21,119 Speaker 1: let's look in the future again. Why why don't we 5 00:00:22,880 --> 00:00:26,480 Speaker 1: closing mine? All right? Engaging third eye? Al Right, did 6 00:00:26,520 --> 00:00:30,760 Speaker 1: you get to the firestorms and the pyramids of bones? 7 00:00:30,920 --> 00:00:34,199 Speaker 1: You've gone too far? Okay, so back up a little bit. Um, 8 00:00:34,520 --> 00:00:36,440 Speaker 1: well what are you more to the point, what are 9 00:00:36,479 --> 00:00:40,199 Speaker 1: you seeing in terms of healthcare in the next um 10 00:00:40,840 --> 00:00:45,160 Speaker 1: century or two? Where are we going? I am seeing 11 00:00:46,360 --> 00:00:50,600 Speaker 1: the sort of healthcare where I can just basically, um like, 12 00:00:51,320 --> 00:00:54,280 Speaker 1: just take my finger and swipe it on some sort 13 00:00:54,280 --> 00:00:56,520 Speaker 1: of metal thing and it will tell me everything about 14 00:00:56,560 --> 00:00:59,920 Speaker 1: me I ever wanted to know. And how much calcium 15 00:01:01,080 --> 00:01:04,360 Speaker 1: I haven't vibed, I don't know potassium whatever. What do 16 00:01:04,440 --> 00:01:06,800 Speaker 1: you see? That's not very exciting one? Let me see 17 00:01:06,840 --> 00:01:09,960 Speaker 1: all right, Um, I'm seeing a day where instead of 18 00:01:10,080 --> 00:01:14,320 Speaker 1: taking um, like a multi vitamin vitamin every day, I 19 00:01:14,440 --> 00:01:18,440 Speaker 1: take one smart multi vitamin that that stays in my 20 00:01:18,520 --> 00:01:21,960 Speaker 1: system and administers for a year. Yeah, for administers like 21 00:01:22,000 --> 00:01:24,480 Speaker 1: a year. So it's like a tiny doctor that lives 22 00:01:24,520 --> 00:01:30,440 Speaker 1: inside me and uh and administers medication as needed. That yeah, okay, 23 00:01:30,760 --> 00:01:33,240 Speaker 1: and and actually that doesn't that's not too far off right, 24 00:01:33,360 --> 00:01:35,680 Speaker 1: right we are? I mean, the technology is coming together 25 00:01:35,880 --> 00:01:39,240 Speaker 1: now the and it basically comes down to and to 26 00:01:39,400 --> 00:01:40,960 Speaker 1: something that's kind of a can be kind of a 27 00:01:41,000 --> 00:01:45,039 Speaker 1: scary word for for people who are are not already 28 00:01:45,120 --> 00:01:48,760 Speaker 1: like me, deep in the field, and that is is 29 00:01:48,840 --> 00:01:54,800 Speaker 1: nanotechnology materials and ultimately a concept we're talking about called 30 00:01:55,080 --> 00:01:59,360 Speaker 1: nano manufacturing. Now. For me, anyway, I just finished writing 31 00:01:59,360 --> 00:02:02,200 Speaker 1: an article called ten ways nano Manufacturing will alter Industry. 32 00:02:02,320 --> 00:02:04,760 Speaker 1: So and I hadn't I had not really researcher written 33 00:02:04,880 --> 00:02:07,600 Speaker 1: much about nanotechnology. So it was kind of a deep 34 00:02:07,640 --> 00:02:09,720 Speaker 1: die for me where I had to sort of like 35 00:02:09,760 --> 00:02:11,079 Speaker 1: a lot of these topics that kind of have to 36 00:02:11,120 --> 00:02:12,519 Speaker 1: start from scratch and be like, all right, what the 37 00:02:12,560 --> 00:02:14,720 Speaker 1: heck is this? And then and what does it mean? 38 00:02:14,919 --> 00:02:17,079 Speaker 1: And then how like what does it really mean? Not 39 00:02:17,280 --> 00:02:19,919 Speaker 1: just what are the words on the page um in 40 00:02:20,000 --> 00:02:23,200 Speaker 1: this right up or or this one. But I think 41 00:02:23,280 --> 00:02:25,880 Speaker 1: nanotechnology can be a little confusing because we tend to 42 00:02:25,919 --> 00:02:28,680 Speaker 1: get this fantastic voyage idea in our mind, by which 43 00:02:28,720 --> 00:02:31,760 Speaker 1: I mean the the Asimov novel in the movie and 44 00:02:31,840 --> 00:02:35,239 Speaker 1: not the Coulio video, but the idea of you know, 45 00:02:35,320 --> 00:02:37,760 Speaker 1: like a little miniature ship, like a little miniature submarine 46 00:02:37,760 --> 00:02:40,000 Speaker 1: has been shrunk down and it's doing things inside the 47 00:02:40,080 --> 00:02:45,079 Speaker 1: body or building things, um at this minuscule scale, like 48 00:02:45,120 --> 00:02:49,359 Speaker 1: the nano scale, just to everyone know exactly how small 49 00:02:49,440 --> 00:02:52,840 Speaker 1: we're talking about? What what? What does technology or nanotechnology? 50 00:02:53,080 --> 00:02:56,960 Speaker 1: All right? Like the at the nano scale of things, UM, 51 00:02:57,760 --> 00:02:59,880 Speaker 1: where we have like we have like a single wall 52 00:03:00,000 --> 00:03:04,600 Speaker 1: old carbon nanitude um is scarcely one nanometer thick, all right, 53 00:03:05,400 --> 00:03:07,919 Speaker 1: So in relatable terms, you'd have to line up a 54 00:03:08,040 --> 00:03:11,679 Speaker 1: hundred thousand of those side by side in order to 55 00:03:11,760 --> 00:03:15,320 Speaker 1: equal the one hundred micrometer diameter of a single strand 56 00:03:15,360 --> 00:03:19,359 Speaker 1: of hair. Yes, okay, so that's that's how tiny it is, 57 00:03:19,440 --> 00:03:21,760 Speaker 1: but it's still it's by by comparing it to the hair, 58 00:03:22,160 --> 00:03:26,600 Speaker 1: it definitely puts it within like the grasp of human understanding, 59 00:03:27,560 --> 00:03:32,280 Speaker 1: but it's still very very tiny. Um. So nano nano materials, 60 00:03:32,360 --> 00:03:37,440 Speaker 1: nano nano technology, it involves dealing with matter at that scale, 61 00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:40,960 Speaker 1: which and you wouldn't think this is uh, it turns 62 00:03:40,960 --> 00:03:44,160 Speaker 1: out that when you are dealing with such small particles, 63 00:03:44,240 --> 00:03:46,680 Speaker 1: it's a lot easier to manipulate them, right, you can, 64 00:03:46,800 --> 00:03:48,520 Speaker 1: you can, you can. You have a lot more control 65 00:03:48,640 --> 00:03:55,000 Speaker 1: over the over the various characteristics of materials of of 66 00:03:55,520 --> 00:03:59,080 Speaker 1: well basically materials. And then but if you're altering you're 67 00:03:59,080 --> 00:04:02,360 Speaker 1: altering the material els in things such as medications uh 68 00:04:02,560 --> 00:04:05,920 Speaker 1: at times, or something as gigantic as uh like a 69 00:04:06,000 --> 00:04:08,360 Speaker 1: meta material that you plan to build a space elevator 70 00:04:08,440 --> 00:04:11,480 Speaker 1: out of. It's the analogy that I ended up using 71 00:04:11,520 --> 00:04:14,800 Speaker 1: the article was was like building blocks. It seems like 72 00:04:15,040 --> 00:04:16,960 Speaker 1: you start off with kind of big building blocks as 73 00:04:16,960 --> 00:04:18,880 Speaker 1: a kid, and then as you get a little older, 74 00:04:19,080 --> 00:04:22,760 Speaker 1: you start dealing with smaller blocks and the models that 75 00:04:22,880 --> 00:04:24,560 Speaker 1: you can build. Like so you wanted to build an 76 00:04:24,560 --> 00:04:28,760 Speaker 1: airplane out of alphabet blocks, you're gonna build something that 77 00:04:28,960 --> 00:04:33,040 Speaker 1: vaguely resembles an airplane, you know, assuming you assuming you 78 00:04:33,080 --> 00:04:34,640 Speaker 1: built it at a reasonable scale, like it had to 79 00:04:34,640 --> 00:04:37,320 Speaker 1: fit on a table. You can only build so detailed 80 00:04:37,360 --> 00:04:39,600 Speaker 1: an airplane, and you might have to use a little 81 00:04:39,760 --> 00:04:43,760 Speaker 1: uh um creativity uh to to see that it is 82 00:04:43,800 --> 00:04:46,880 Speaker 1: supposed to be an airplane. Legos are much smaller, there's 83 00:04:46,880 --> 00:04:49,320 Speaker 1: a lot more detail, there's a lot more room to 84 00:04:49,720 --> 00:04:52,760 Speaker 1: to create detail in the model, and you could build 85 00:04:52,839 --> 00:04:56,960 Speaker 1: a pretty amazing airplane model. Uh. That's the size of 86 00:04:57,000 --> 00:04:58,840 Speaker 1: the table if you build it out of legos. The 87 00:04:58,920 --> 00:05:02,480 Speaker 1: smaller the building blocks the the the greater the power 88 00:05:03,279 --> 00:05:06,520 Speaker 1: over what you're building. And that's exactly how it ends 89 00:05:06,600 --> 00:05:10,240 Speaker 1: up with with nanotechnology. It's the idea that we're going 90 00:05:10,320 --> 00:05:13,800 Speaker 1: to build things at the scale that nature builds things. Yeah. 91 00:05:13,839 --> 00:05:18,040 Speaker 1: And not only that, but particles behave differently at that scale. UM. 92 00:05:18,240 --> 00:05:20,800 Speaker 1: And so that's why quantum physicists are really interested in 93 00:05:20,880 --> 00:05:25,840 Speaker 1: this obviously. UM. From the article how nanotechnology works, there's 94 00:05:25,839 --> 00:05:28,120 Speaker 1: a good example that says, you know, we can't teleport 95 00:05:28,200 --> 00:05:30,520 Speaker 1: ourselves to the other side of the wall, but at 96 00:05:30,560 --> 00:05:33,960 Speaker 1: the nano scale, and the electron can. And this is 97 00:05:33,960 --> 00:05:37,679 Speaker 1: actually called electron tunneling. So you know, all of a sudden, 98 00:05:37,680 --> 00:05:40,479 Speaker 1: you do see this really cool. Um, these these sort 99 00:05:40,480 --> 00:05:43,400 Speaker 1: of things happening, and we can apply them in a 100 00:05:43,600 --> 00:05:48,480 Speaker 1: really meaningful, you know, concrete way. Hence nano manufacturing. Right, 101 00:05:48,480 --> 00:05:50,560 Speaker 1: you get down to a small enough scale, solid things 102 00:05:50,600 --> 00:05:55,120 Speaker 1: aren't really solid anymore. You can manipulate, uh, materials and 103 00:05:55,200 --> 00:05:58,960 Speaker 1: buy materials. You can manipulate everything from steel to um 104 00:05:59,400 --> 00:06:02,320 Speaker 1: medication and make it behave a little more like you 105 00:06:02,440 --> 00:06:05,400 Speaker 1: wanted to. And and again it's it's when when nature 106 00:06:05,400 --> 00:06:07,599 Speaker 1: builts something. When nature builds a coral reef, it builds 107 00:06:07,600 --> 00:06:10,960 Speaker 1: it from the uh. And I'm sorry to personify nature here, 108 00:06:11,000 --> 00:06:13,960 Speaker 1: but but when nature builds a coral reef, it builds 109 00:06:13,960 --> 00:06:16,920 Speaker 1: it from the bottom up, from the smallest particles up. 110 00:06:17,520 --> 00:06:19,800 Speaker 1: And and this is about building things from the bottom up. 111 00:06:19,920 --> 00:06:21,960 Speaker 1: And that's why the I say, throw out the whole 112 00:06:22,160 --> 00:06:24,640 Speaker 1: sort of fantastic voyage image of it, or the idea 113 00:06:24,680 --> 00:06:28,279 Speaker 1: of tiny little robots that are essentially big robots shrunk down, 114 00:06:28,839 --> 00:06:31,960 Speaker 1: because that is a that's more of like um, top 115 00:06:32,040 --> 00:06:36,400 Speaker 1: down thinking. Uh and uh and and nanotechnology is generally 116 00:06:36,480 --> 00:06:39,480 Speaker 1: more about building things at the smallest scale. And it 117 00:06:39,760 --> 00:06:42,840 Speaker 1: has like huge implications for our healthcare. And we're not 118 00:06:42,920 --> 00:06:44,480 Speaker 1: talking this is not sci fi stuff. They mean this 119 00:06:44,520 --> 00:06:46,960 Speaker 1: is stuff that is in the works and around the corner. Yeah, 120 00:06:47,000 --> 00:06:50,599 Speaker 1: these these are real applications of nanotechnology that that definitely 121 00:06:50,600 --> 00:06:52,800 Speaker 1: make a difference. Not not just like oh, I bet 122 00:06:52,839 --> 00:06:55,920 Speaker 1: you can make a super strong sword or a tower 123 00:06:56,200 --> 00:06:58,760 Speaker 1: that's is tall that's taller than the atmosphere. The type 124 00:06:58,760 --> 00:07:02,320 Speaker 1: of thing UM and and also before we get into 125 00:07:02,400 --> 00:07:05,400 Speaker 1: some of the healthcare um things that we'll be talking about, 126 00:07:05,440 --> 00:07:07,360 Speaker 1: I just wanted to mention too that right now there 127 00:07:07,360 --> 00:07:10,360 Speaker 1: are more than eight hundred commercial products that usually talk 128 00:07:10,400 --> 00:07:12,880 Speaker 1: about in the article too, like this is this is 129 00:07:12,960 --> 00:07:15,760 Speaker 1: something that's being used on in a widespread way. And 130 00:07:15,840 --> 00:07:21,240 Speaker 1: in fact, Adidas uses nanotechnology for their cleats because nanocarbon 131 00:07:21,280 --> 00:07:24,440 Speaker 1: tubes are actually like a hundred times stronger than steel 132 00:07:24,560 --> 00:07:26,720 Speaker 1: and it's a lot lighter. Yeah, And when we use 133 00:07:26,800 --> 00:07:30,040 Speaker 1: the term nano manufacturing, the point is that I think 134 00:07:30,080 --> 00:07:31,760 Speaker 1: of it in terms of say a weapon, like a 135 00:07:31,960 --> 00:07:35,360 Speaker 1: like a gun, a musket. There's a time where to 136 00:07:35,440 --> 00:07:38,360 Speaker 1: create a musket you would have to have an artisan 137 00:07:38,600 --> 00:07:41,000 Speaker 1: basically that would make it and make it one by one. 138 00:07:41,440 --> 00:07:43,320 Speaker 1: But uh, and there's only so much you can do 139 00:07:43,480 --> 00:07:45,680 Speaker 1: with that. It takes a lot more effort, a lot 140 00:07:45,720 --> 00:07:47,480 Speaker 1: more cost, and a lot more time to say outfit 141 00:07:47,560 --> 00:07:50,040 Speaker 1: in army that way. But if you can, if you 142 00:07:50,080 --> 00:07:53,040 Speaker 1: can mass produce the weapon, then it's a lot easier 143 00:07:53,800 --> 00:07:55,840 Speaker 1: to get that technology out there and actually make a 144 00:07:55,920 --> 00:07:59,520 Speaker 1: difference with that technology, you know. And uh, And so 145 00:07:59,720 --> 00:08:04,040 Speaker 1: the idea with nano manufacturing is that nano fact manufacturing 146 00:08:04,120 --> 00:08:07,160 Speaker 1: involves getting the nanotechnology to the point to where we 147 00:08:07,240 --> 00:08:10,400 Speaker 1: can mass produce its effects and make a real impact 148 00:08:10,840 --> 00:08:13,640 Speaker 1: with the with the technology right, right, because as you 149 00:08:13,760 --> 00:08:15,960 Speaker 1: point out in the article, none of it really matters 150 00:08:16,040 --> 00:08:18,440 Speaker 1: unless it's you can produce it on a scale in 151 00:08:18,520 --> 00:08:22,160 Speaker 1: which everybody has access to it. But that's that seems 152 00:08:22,200 --> 00:08:23,560 Speaker 1: to be the way that it's going. Yeah, it's like 153 00:08:23,600 --> 00:08:25,480 Speaker 1: the iPhone, right, Like the the whole idea of the 154 00:08:25,680 --> 00:08:28,200 Speaker 1: The amazing thing about the iPhone was that not only 155 00:08:28,320 --> 00:08:30,880 Speaker 1: is the technology great, but they're able to mass produce it. 156 00:08:31,160 --> 00:08:33,160 Speaker 1: The point of the point that everyone could have one 157 00:08:33,520 --> 00:08:35,440 Speaker 1: if it took a lot of effort and only Steve 158 00:08:35,559 --> 00:08:37,320 Speaker 1: Jobs could have one, what's the point that doesn't make 159 00:08:37,320 --> 00:08:40,880 Speaker 1: any money, right, that doesn't change lives. And by the way, 160 00:08:40,920 --> 00:08:43,559 Speaker 1: they use nanotechnology too. Yeah, there you go. Yeah, nano 161 00:08:43,600 --> 00:08:46,439 Speaker 1: manufacturing is already uh, already out there, and it's just 162 00:08:46,520 --> 00:08:49,000 Speaker 1: going to increase as time goes on, and we're going 163 00:08:49,040 --> 00:08:52,480 Speaker 1: to see nanotechnology trickling down to various aspects of our life, 164 00:08:52,600 --> 00:08:57,240 Speaker 1: especially healthcare. Yes, and let's talk about what that's gonna 165 00:08:57,280 --> 00:08:59,760 Speaker 1: look like, because I'm very excited by this. Something called 166 00:09:00,160 --> 00:09:04,240 Speaker 1: lab on a chip yes, Uh, do you want to 167 00:09:04,280 --> 00:09:07,480 Speaker 1: mention the uh the article with all the other day 168 00:09:07,840 --> 00:09:10,760 Speaker 1: Oh right, right, well, actually, yeah, before I talk about chlamydia, 169 00:09:11,200 --> 00:09:14,240 Speaker 1: because you know, we always like to do a public 170 00:09:14,280 --> 00:09:17,959 Speaker 1: service announcements about chlamydia. Um, they actually did use this 171 00:09:18,520 --> 00:09:20,760 Speaker 1: in some of their tests for this lab on a chip. 172 00:09:20,800 --> 00:09:22,719 Speaker 1: But before I talk about that, I want to talk 173 00:09:22,720 --> 00:09:24,839 Speaker 1: about how what what we're talking about here? What does 174 00:09:24,880 --> 00:09:28,600 Speaker 1: it look like? We're talking about transportable diagnostics via nano devices. 175 00:09:28,679 --> 00:09:32,800 Speaker 1: So a USB stick sized throwaway device called lab on 176 00:09:32,840 --> 00:09:35,440 Speaker 1: a chip. Right. Well, because if if anyone anyone out 177 00:09:35,480 --> 00:09:37,400 Speaker 1: there who's ever had like a blood sample taken, you 178 00:09:37,440 --> 00:09:39,400 Speaker 1: know the deal. They take the sample, but then they 179 00:09:39,440 --> 00:09:41,000 Speaker 1: have to send it off somewhere or take it into 180 00:09:41,000 --> 00:09:44,280 Speaker 1: the back room, and that involves, uh, it involves a 181 00:09:44,360 --> 00:09:47,480 Speaker 1: laboratory that is staffed, that is air conditioned. The expense 182 00:09:47,559 --> 00:09:50,319 Speaker 1: in the time really adds up. And that's assuming that 183 00:09:50,559 --> 00:09:53,760 Speaker 1: the facilities are there, uh where you can reach them. 184 00:09:54,720 --> 00:09:57,319 Speaker 1: If you travel out into the middle of nowhere, suddenly 185 00:09:57,400 --> 00:09:59,439 Speaker 1: the you know, the labs farther away, it becomes a 186 00:09:59,679 --> 00:10:02,959 Speaker 1: more a pain or even an impossibility to rely on 187 00:10:03,080 --> 00:10:06,920 Speaker 1: the modern lab technology that we have. Uh, certainly in 188 00:10:07,000 --> 00:10:09,480 Speaker 1: the developing world to it becomes a huge issue. Yeah, 189 00:10:09,720 --> 00:10:12,280 Speaker 1: I mean, this is so convenient. You basically take a 190 00:10:12,400 --> 00:10:14,360 Speaker 1: droplet of fluid and you put it in the chip 191 00:10:14,520 --> 00:10:17,400 Speaker 1: and micro pumps inside it send the fluid to internal 192 00:10:17,520 --> 00:10:22,640 Speaker 1: vessels containing re agents that extract target disease biomarker molecules, 193 00:10:23,320 --> 00:10:25,120 Speaker 1: and then that whole device can be sent to a 194 00:10:25,200 --> 00:10:28,520 Speaker 1: lab for analysis. But but here's here's UM actually a 195 00:10:28,600 --> 00:10:31,760 Speaker 1: little one up on this. There's a diagnostic app for 196 00:10:32,200 --> 00:10:37,560 Speaker 1: smartphones that's been developed UM in which you could essentially 197 00:10:37,559 --> 00:10:39,120 Speaker 1: do the same thing. You have a tiny droplet of 198 00:10:39,160 --> 00:10:41,680 Speaker 1: a sample and you press it against the phone's touch 199 00:10:41,760 --> 00:10:44,160 Speaker 1: screen for analysis, where the app would work out whether 200 00:10:44,200 --> 00:10:47,599 Speaker 1: you have food poisoning, strepp road or flu um. And 201 00:10:47,720 --> 00:10:49,880 Speaker 1: how does it work. I mean, the touch screens are 202 00:10:50,000 --> 00:10:54,160 Speaker 1: are highly sensitive, right, and so they can they can 203 00:10:54,200 --> 00:10:58,240 Speaker 1: store electric charges known as capacitance. Okay, and because the 204 00:10:58,320 --> 00:11:01,920 Speaker 1: screens are so sensitive, they can detect very small capacitance 205 00:11:02,080 --> 00:11:05,839 Speaker 1: changes and could could be these sort of platforms that 206 00:11:05,960 --> 00:11:10,839 Speaker 1: could actually identify disease markers. But okay, this is the 207 00:11:11,160 --> 00:11:13,840 Speaker 1: interesting part or or I mean, this is all interesting, 208 00:11:13,920 --> 00:11:16,800 Speaker 1: but here comes to the chlamydia. Right, okay, so watch 209 00:11:16,880 --> 00:11:20,120 Speaker 1: out here it comes. Young Yo Park and Beyng Yon 210 00:11:20,240 --> 00:11:23,319 Speaker 1: Juan at the Korea Advance Institute for Science and Technology 211 00:11:23,400 --> 00:11:27,480 Speaker 1: took three solutions containing differing concentrations of DNA from the 212 00:11:27,520 --> 00:11:31,000 Speaker 1: bacteria that causes chlamydia. Okay, they're originally going to going 213 00:11:31,120 --> 00:11:33,200 Speaker 1: to use crabs, but they were told they would get 214 00:11:33,320 --> 00:11:37,520 Speaker 1: laughs if they did that, they would get laughs. Yeah, yeah, yeah, 215 00:11:37,800 --> 00:11:41,360 Speaker 1: that's nice. Anyway, So they they apply these droplets from 216 00:11:41,400 --> 00:11:43,920 Speaker 1: each to an iPhone size multi touch display, and they 217 00:11:44,000 --> 00:11:46,760 Speaker 1: found that the output from the screens array of crisscrossed 218 00:11:46,960 --> 00:11:51,520 Speaker 1: touch sensing electrodes could distinguish between the capacitances caused by 219 00:11:51,600 --> 00:11:55,640 Speaker 1: each concentration using droplets of only ten micro leaders micro leaders, 220 00:11:55,679 --> 00:11:58,160 Speaker 1: which is one thousands of amlilate leader by the way. 221 00:11:58,720 --> 00:12:02,079 Speaker 1: Um so, but they're not able to differentiate between pathogens yet. 222 00:12:02,160 --> 00:12:05,760 Speaker 1: But differentiating between concentrations is really a first step. So 223 00:12:05,880 --> 00:12:09,120 Speaker 1: another problem is who wants their touch screen to be 224 00:12:09,280 --> 00:12:13,199 Speaker 1: bathed in the chlamidia? Really? Yeah? It especially changes the 225 00:12:13,280 --> 00:12:15,880 Speaker 1: whole You know, you're at the train station and some 226 00:12:16,400 --> 00:12:17,960 Speaker 1: some dudes down on his luck and was like, hey, 227 00:12:18,320 --> 00:12:20,080 Speaker 1: can I kind of borrow your phone for a second, 228 00:12:20,600 --> 00:12:22,400 Speaker 1: because it's weird enough if he's about to make a 229 00:12:22,720 --> 00:12:24,599 Speaker 1: you know, a personal call, but if he's going to 230 00:12:24,679 --> 00:12:26,640 Speaker 1: check for chlamydia with your cell phone, it's it's a 231 00:12:26,640 --> 00:12:29,400 Speaker 1: little weird, right right, And then you don't know, all 232 00:12:29,400 --> 00:12:32,160 Speaker 1: of a sudden, you've got, you know, chlamydia placed up 233 00:12:32,480 --> 00:12:36,000 Speaker 1: against your skin. You got chlamydia cheek really, But the 234 00:12:36,080 --> 00:12:39,000 Speaker 1: technology could be applied in in a to a kind 235 00:12:39,040 --> 00:12:44,439 Speaker 1: of star trek Um spit scanning device that would have 236 00:12:44,880 --> 00:12:47,640 Speaker 1: have huge potential, And like I said, not only that 237 00:12:47,960 --> 00:12:50,520 Speaker 1: in developing world, but pretty much in the field in general. 238 00:12:50,760 --> 00:12:52,880 Speaker 1: Like anytime someone who is out in the field wanting 239 00:12:52,920 --> 00:12:55,840 Speaker 1: to test somebody or anybody, you could have it geared 240 00:12:55,880 --> 00:12:58,880 Speaker 1: to particular ailments or or or maybe a little more broad, 241 00:12:59,280 --> 00:13:02,240 Speaker 1: but you could you who diagnose people in real time 242 00:13:02,960 --> 00:13:05,439 Speaker 1: in the field. Yeah, exactly. And they are trying to 243 00:13:05,480 --> 00:13:07,599 Speaker 1: come up with some removable stickers to put over the 244 00:13:07,640 --> 00:13:09,959 Speaker 1: phones that you don't you're not you know, transmitting a 245 00:13:10,040 --> 00:13:13,240 Speaker 1: little bio samples of chlamydia for instance. Well there you go. 246 00:13:13,360 --> 00:13:15,880 Speaker 1: I mean they already has even the Steve Jobs didn't 247 00:13:16,000 --> 00:13:19,880 Speaker 1: like them, told when I tried to buy one once. Yeah, 248 00:13:19,880 --> 00:13:22,360 Speaker 1: because they were Like Steve Jobs doesn't like those because 249 00:13:22,360 --> 00:13:25,000 Speaker 1: they imply that the screen is not solid and and 250 00:13:25,400 --> 00:13:28,520 Speaker 1: and can be easily scratched. And he's right. In my experience, 251 00:13:28,520 --> 00:13:30,360 Speaker 1: they're kind of a con you know, you end up 252 00:13:30,400 --> 00:13:33,160 Speaker 1: placing the stupid trastic thing over the over the screen, 253 00:13:33,600 --> 00:13:35,640 Speaker 1: and then all that does is just caused dust to 254 00:13:35,640 --> 00:13:37,719 Speaker 1: build up underneath there. I mean, I've never managed to, 255 00:13:38,320 --> 00:13:41,760 Speaker 1: you know, knock on wood to scratch your mess up 256 00:13:41,800 --> 00:13:44,640 Speaker 1: my screens. Yeah, but I mean what we're talking about 257 00:13:44,720 --> 00:13:47,000 Speaker 1: here is if if you are going to use yourself 258 00:13:48,920 --> 00:13:55,120 Speaker 1: have yeah or something akin to that. Um. But okay, 259 00:13:55,200 --> 00:13:59,480 Speaker 1: So that's that's one instance. We also have better, longer 260 00:13:59,559 --> 00:14:04,200 Speaker 1: lasting drugs, which you sort of inferred about the vitamins. Yeah, 261 00:14:04,240 --> 00:14:06,680 Speaker 1: they're There are a few different ways to look at 262 00:14:06,720 --> 00:14:08,800 Speaker 1: this stuff. One way is, of course, you you change 263 00:14:09,080 --> 00:14:11,880 Speaker 1: the way that the drug interacts with the human body. 264 00:14:12,040 --> 00:14:15,080 Speaker 1: Just consider, for instance, the botulism toxin in botox treatments. 265 00:14:15,120 --> 00:14:20,440 Speaker 1: Of course, bochualism toxin is a toxin but bacteria that's 266 00:14:20,440 --> 00:14:23,560 Speaker 1: generally bad for the human body unless it is administered 267 00:14:23,800 --> 00:14:27,640 Speaker 1: in small doses. For generally, it's like for muscle ailments 268 00:14:28,360 --> 00:14:31,120 Speaker 1: or for just merely cosmetic retulism in and of itself 269 00:14:31,200 --> 00:14:36,040 Speaker 1: is not necessarily something you want to cross. So uh, 270 00:14:36,760 --> 00:14:42,280 Speaker 1: doctors have actually generally inject botox because into a target 271 00:14:42,320 --> 00:14:45,840 Speaker 1: tusue because it can't pass through skin, right okay. Researchers 272 00:14:45,880 --> 00:14:49,840 Speaker 1: at the University of Massachusetts Allow Nano Manufacturing Center, however, 273 00:14:50,640 --> 00:14:54,120 Speaker 1: are working on creating a topical botox cream. Their secret 274 00:14:54,360 --> 00:14:58,080 Speaker 1: is they attached the toxin to a nanoparticle that allows 275 00:14:58,160 --> 00:15:01,040 Speaker 1: it to hitch a ride through the skin. And so 276 00:15:01,320 --> 00:15:06,080 Speaker 1: you you basically have a nanoparticle, this manipulated particle at 277 00:15:06,080 --> 00:15:09,000 Speaker 1: the nanoscale that is capable of passing through the skin 278 00:15:09,520 --> 00:15:12,520 Speaker 1: as as a lot of materials, uh and in substances 279 00:15:12,800 --> 00:15:16,880 Speaker 1: are capable of doing. And it ends up changing the 280 00:15:16,960 --> 00:15:19,840 Speaker 1: way that the boschel m toxin reacts with the body. 281 00:15:21,120 --> 00:15:23,040 Speaker 1: Like I said, it is a right, So suddenly something 282 00:15:23,120 --> 00:15:26,400 Speaker 1: that could not transfer through the skin can be rubbed 283 00:15:26,400 --> 00:15:29,240 Speaker 1: on in a cream form. I wonder if Nicole kid 284 00:15:29,600 --> 00:15:33,200 Speaker 1: Kidvin knows about this. I hate to say that. You 285 00:15:33,280 --> 00:15:35,400 Speaker 1: know what creeps me out about this is that we 286 00:15:35,520 --> 00:15:38,560 Speaker 1: have the blood brain barrier, right right, Yeah, that's the 287 00:15:38,600 --> 00:15:41,400 Speaker 1: thing there. Our skin is generally that the whole. Some 288 00:15:41,520 --> 00:15:43,760 Speaker 1: things can pass through and some can't. Like it generally 289 00:15:43,840 --> 00:15:46,560 Speaker 1: works in our favor. Um, if you don't want just 290 00:15:46,680 --> 00:15:48,680 Speaker 1: anything to come in, it's like a it's a private 291 00:15:48,720 --> 00:15:51,600 Speaker 1: party inside and not everything is invited, right, And so 292 00:15:52,240 --> 00:15:54,920 Speaker 1: so all of a sudden you've got you know, botulism 293 00:15:56,000 --> 00:16:00,000 Speaker 1: or the toxin at least in this concentration being absorbed 294 00:16:00,040 --> 00:16:02,760 Speaker 1: by your skin getting into your bloodstream. Right. And so 295 00:16:03,160 --> 00:16:05,760 Speaker 1: the blood brain barrier is a membrane that protects the 296 00:16:05,840 --> 00:16:09,320 Speaker 1: brain from potentially harmful chemicals in the bloodstream, right, from 297 00:16:09,640 --> 00:16:12,720 Speaker 1: making sure that doesn't cross into your brain. So that 298 00:16:13,000 --> 00:16:14,800 Speaker 1: this is something that keeps coming up. What is the 299 00:16:14,880 --> 00:16:19,400 Speaker 1: ability of nanomaterials to cross that barrier? And I don't 300 00:16:19,440 --> 00:16:21,680 Speaker 1: think that we have a good understanding of this yet. Yeah, 301 00:16:21,800 --> 00:16:23,640 Speaker 1: do you end up this is one of the fears 302 00:16:23,640 --> 00:16:26,160 Speaker 1: of nanotechnology in generally you end up creating these particles 303 00:16:26,200 --> 00:16:29,440 Speaker 1: that end up just passing right into our brain, right, Yeah, 304 00:16:29,520 --> 00:16:31,440 Speaker 1: I mean you know, do you wanna do you want 305 00:16:31,440 --> 00:16:34,600 Speaker 1: to bow talk to your brain? No? Probably not right, 306 00:16:35,400 --> 00:16:37,240 Speaker 1: Uh So that's that's a little bit creepy, but it 307 00:16:37,400 --> 00:16:40,440 Speaker 1: is you know, it's very interesting in terms of the delivery, 308 00:16:40,600 --> 00:16:43,160 Speaker 1: right and a lot of these drugs have really cool 309 00:16:43,280 --> 00:16:47,160 Speaker 1: delivery systems. Yeah, and also real quick like basic delivery 310 00:16:47,360 --> 00:16:51,480 Speaker 1: UM physics if you will include things like solutability, like 311 00:16:51,560 --> 00:16:53,640 Speaker 1: the ability of a drug to become a part of 312 00:16:53,680 --> 00:16:56,320 Speaker 1: your blood, to break down, to break down, you know, 313 00:16:56,400 --> 00:17:00,040 Speaker 1: in the body. UM nanotechnology will allow us to you 314 00:17:00,160 --> 00:17:04,480 Speaker 1: create drug particles at the nanoscale, so the the absorption 315 00:17:04,640 --> 00:17:09,359 Speaker 1: rate increases and dosage levels decrease because you end up 316 00:17:09,400 --> 00:17:12,000 Speaker 1: having to to put in less of a of a 317 00:17:12,080 --> 00:17:15,680 Speaker 1: particular medication because the particles are so much smaller, it 318 00:17:15,760 --> 00:17:19,680 Speaker 1: ends up being more potent being well it uh, you 319 00:17:19,720 --> 00:17:23,200 Speaker 1: absorb it faster and more completely. So it's it's it 320 00:17:23,280 --> 00:17:26,720 Speaker 1: allows you to to make a smarter version of a 321 00:17:26,760 --> 00:17:30,720 Speaker 1: particular medication. Okay. And this is also where the length 322 00:17:30,760 --> 00:17:33,119 Speaker 1: of time comes into right, Like you could take something 323 00:17:33,280 --> 00:17:35,920 Speaker 1: and it could last for I don't know, two weeks, 324 00:17:36,000 --> 00:17:39,000 Speaker 1: two months, no matter, you know, depending on what it 325 00:17:39,119 --> 00:17:42,840 Speaker 1: is being administered, right. Yeah. Researchers at Northwestern University are 326 00:17:42,920 --> 00:17:47,920 Speaker 1: actually developing drug devices made from nanodiamonds which prevent medicine 327 00:17:47,920 --> 00:17:51,480 Speaker 1: from releasing too swiftly into the body. UM. So the 328 00:17:51,600 --> 00:17:54,040 Speaker 1: idea this is again coming back to what I mentioned earlier, 329 00:17:54,080 --> 00:17:56,640 Speaker 1: the idea that you could implant month's worth of medication 330 00:17:56,720 --> 00:17:59,680 Speaker 1: directly into the affected tissue area. Like, think of it 331 00:17:59,760 --> 00:18:01,840 Speaker 1: this way. You're going out of town for the weekend. 332 00:18:02,040 --> 00:18:03,560 Speaker 1: What do you do if you have a dog? Defeed? 333 00:18:04,119 --> 00:18:06,240 Speaker 1: Do you just open six cans of alpo and leave 334 00:18:06,280 --> 00:18:08,280 Speaker 1: them there on the table for the dog? No, you 335 00:18:08,359 --> 00:18:11,280 Speaker 1: have somebody come and open one can um you know, 336 00:18:11,400 --> 00:18:13,480 Speaker 1: of two cans a day for the dog. Because the 337 00:18:13,520 --> 00:18:15,040 Speaker 1: dog doesn't know any better, it will eat all the 338 00:18:15,080 --> 00:18:18,480 Speaker 1: cans of alpo and make itself sick. You need somebody 339 00:18:18,520 --> 00:18:20,879 Speaker 1: to administer it. So this is the idea instead of 340 00:18:21,320 --> 00:18:24,399 Speaker 1: instead of having to administer you know, all the the 341 00:18:24,480 --> 00:18:26,920 Speaker 1: alpo one bit of a time, it could self administer. 342 00:18:27,359 --> 00:18:28,920 Speaker 1: You know. It's interesting too because I was just thinking 343 00:18:28,960 --> 00:18:31,080 Speaker 1: about birth control and how this is going to affect 344 00:18:31,119 --> 00:18:33,560 Speaker 1: that because you have birth control pills, like I think, 345 00:18:33,640 --> 00:18:36,680 Speaker 1: like a season all or maybe that's a subcutaneous um 346 00:18:37,000 --> 00:18:39,880 Speaker 1: birth control that they implant. But in any case, they've 347 00:18:39,920 --> 00:18:42,119 Speaker 1: got different kinds of birth control pills that you have 348 00:18:42,240 --> 00:18:44,800 Speaker 1: to take only like you know, every four months or 349 00:18:44,920 --> 00:18:47,719 Speaker 1: some one and so forth, and um, I mean, essentially 350 00:18:47,760 --> 00:18:49,320 Speaker 1: you could do the same thing with birth control. You 351 00:18:49,359 --> 00:18:52,080 Speaker 1: could you could have it release over your period and 352 00:18:52,160 --> 00:18:54,400 Speaker 1: just take one pill, right and and the other really 353 00:18:54,440 --> 00:18:56,640 Speaker 1: exciting area is is of course, like I said, being 354 00:18:56,640 --> 00:19:00,159 Speaker 1: able to target the area of the body, like uh, 355 00:19:00,200 --> 00:19:02,680 Speaker 1: I mean, that's the big thing about cells, right, the 356 00:19:02,720 --> 00:19:08,480 Speaker 1: particular cells, a particular particular organs. Even um. Chemotherapy tends 357 00:19:08,520 --> 00:19:12,720 Speaker 1: to be um such an ordeal because you're generally having 358 00:19:12,760 --> 00:19:15,280 Speaker 1: to treat the whole body to treat the area that 359 00:19:15,400 --> 00:19:18,960 Speaker 1: you want, you know, instead of going after the you're 360 00:19:19,000 --> 00:19:21,840 Speaker 1: you're treating the population to get to the criminal. So 361 00:19:22,400 --> 00:19:24,760 Speaker 1: if if we could, if we could, we could apply 362 00:19:24,920 --> 00:19:27,640 Speaker 1: it to just a particular area of the body through 363 00:19:27,840 --> 00:19:30,520 Speaker 1: through these these nano delivery devices, you could have a 364 00:19:30,560 --> 00:19:33,280 Speaker 1: situation where you could treat you could use the chemotherapy 365 00:19:33,400 --> 00:19:37,439 Speaker 1: therapy to target the specific cells and not end up 366 00:19:37,520 --> 00:19:39,600 Speaker 1: you know, making the individual rul sick, which is great 367 00:19:39,600 --> 00:19:41,440 Speaker 1: because then you're not wiping out a bunch of healthy 368 00:19:41,520 --> 00:19:45,440 Speaker 1: cells exactly. Yeah, And that is a chief complain about chemotherapy, 369 00:19:45,640 --> 00:19:48,000 Speaker 1: that um that comes up over and over again. And 370 00:19:48,080 --> 00:19:51,080 Speaker 1: then you have something called super pain killers. Oh yes, 371 00:19:51,560 --> 00:19:54,200 Speaker 1: this and this sounds crazy just because of these substances 372 00:19:54,280 --> 00:19:57,200 Speaker 1: involved in it. But University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 373 00:19:57,240 --> 00:20:00,840 Speaker 1: they came up with this concept of taking a morphine molecule, 374 00:20:01,119 --> 00:20:04,680 Speaker 1: which of course is the heavy pain killer UM and 375 00:20:05,000 --> 00:20:08,400 Speaker 1: uh the th HC molecule th HC being the intoxicating 376 00:20:08,440 --> 00:20:11,919 Speaker 1: part of marijuana, and joining them together with a single 377 00:20:12,160 --> 00:20:15,520 Speaker 1: nanoparticle and then once so once in they travel into 378 00:20:15,520 --> 00:20:17,320 Speaker 1: the body. But once in the body, the linking bit 379 00:20:17,560 --> 00:20:20,720 Speaker 1: breaks free and releases the morphine and the th HC 380 00:20:21,160 --> 00:20:25,200 Speaker 1: in equal targeted doses. See that's that's insane, right, because 381 00:20:25,240 --> 00:20:27,720 Speaker 1: you wonder, I mean, obviously that would be really helpful 382 00:20:28,440 --> 00:20:31,919 Speaker 1: for surgical procedures and you know, trying to heal from 383 00:20:31,960 --> 00:20:35,240 Speaker 1: certain things and trying to avoid pain in general. But wow, 384 00:20:35,359 --> 00:20:38,560 Speaker 1: doesn't that make an interesting cocktail of a of a drug. Yeah? 385 00:20:38,640 --> 00:20:41,159 Speaker 1: And it also I can't help but think of like 386 00:20:41,280 --> 00:20:44,720 Speaker 1: drug companies in their various patents on substances, you know, 387 00:20:44,800 --> 00:20:46,639 Speaker 1: because the idea is like you you take a you 388 00:20:46,720 --> 00:20:50,560 Speaker 1: take two patent medications, and when the patents running out, 389 00:20:50,560 --> 00:20:52,520 Speaker 1: you just sort of combine them together and then you 390 00:20:52,600 --> 00:20:54,640 Speaker 1: have a new patent. So if you could, I wonder 391 00:20:54,720 --> 00:20:59,080 Speaker 1: to what extent um nano manufacturing allow just minor tweaks 392 00:20:59,160 --> 00:21:01,720 Speaker 1: in medications to make sure they continue to keep the 393 00:21:02,200 --> 00:21:06,639 Speaker 1: pattern well. And also does this make us rethink legalization 394 00:21:06,800 --> 00:21:09,520 Speaker 1: of marijuana at least here in the United States? Probably not, 395 00:21:09,800 --> 00:21:13,119 Speaker 1: because you know, again, this is this is a medical use, right, 396 00:21:13,720 --> 00:21:15,600 Speaker 1: this is which we have medically used. We are one 397 00:21:15,680 --> 00:21:18,280 Speaker 1: in some places. But still, I mean, now that you're 398 00:21:18,280 --> 00:21:21,400 Speaker 1: gonna you're gonna use it in this context, it sort 399 00:21:21,440 --> 00:21:25,320 Speaker 1: of makes the whole uh cannabis are the against cannabis 400 00:21:25,440 --> 00:21:27,320 Speaker 1: argument a little bit silly. Well, and then let's take 401 00:21:27,320 --> 00:21:29,560 Speaker 1: a quick break here from our sponsor, and when we 402 00:21:29,640 --> 00:21:32,520 Speaker 1: come back, we're gonna get into a topic that we've 403 00:21:32,560 --> 00:21:34,879 Speaker 1: enjoyed talking about in the past, that being grow your 404 00:21:34,920 --> 00:21:40,520 Speaker 1: own organs in bath and your sparing. This podcast is 405 00:21:40,560 --> 00:21:43,760 Speaker 1: brought to you by Intel, the sponsors of Tomorrow and 406 00:21:44,119 --> 00:21:48,159 Speaker 1: the Discovery Channel. At Intel, we believe curiosity is the 407 00:21:48,240 --> 00:21:52,360 Speaker 1: spark which drives innovation. Join us at curiosity dot com 408 00:21:52,760 --> 00:21:58,480 Speaker 1: and explore the answers to life's questions. All right, we're back, 409 00:21:58,560 --> 00:22:01,400 Speaker 1: so we uh we. In the past, we've vote, we've 410 00:22:01,440 --> 00:22:04,719 Speaker 1: discussed the idea of doing yourself organs or or more 411 00:22:04,760 --> 00:22:06,920 Speaker 1: specifically the idea that we can print organs, that we 412 00:22:07,000 --> 00:22:10,439 Speaker 1: can grow them um through the use of stem cells. 413 00:22:10,760 --> 00:22:12,800 Speaker 1: And we can, and we can. We've we've done this, 414 00:22:12,920 --> 00:22:16,880 Speaker 1: We've people are walking around with them, um and it's 415 00:22:17,320 --> 00:22:21,359 Speaker 1: it's it's amazing, um. But how does how does nanotechnology 416 00:22:21,359 --> 00:22:23,719 Speaker 1: affect this? Right? How can it play a role? Well, 417 00:22:23,760 --> 00:22:25,680 Speaker 1: let's just think about what we've done so far. I 418 00:22:25,760 --> 00:22:28,879 Speaker 1: mean we were basically we've used patient's own stem cells. 419 00:22:29,119 --> 00:22:32,240 Speaker 1: And we know from a previous podcast that fat stem 420 00:22:32,280 --> 00:22:34,159 Speaker 1: cells are really easy for us because most of them 421 00:22:34,200 --> 00:22:37,600 Speaker 1: can adapt to a particular type of organ And we've 422 00:22:37,720 --> 00:22:40,960 Speaker 1: successfully grown human bladders and even hearts by coaxing stem 423 00:22:41,000 --> 00:22:44,240 Speaker 1: cells to grow over an organ shaped scaffold. Yeah, and 424 00:22:44,640 --> 00:22:46,920 Speaker 1: like one of these is the ideas here as you 425 00:22:47,000 --> 00:22:49,520 Speaker 1: take a use a ghost heart, So you take at 426 00:22:49,520 --> 00:22:52,200 Speaker 1: an existing human heart, like a donor heart, and then 427 00:22:52,320 --> 00:22:55,639 Speaker 1: you you strip it down with chemicals to like just 428 00:22:55,800 --> 00:22:58,480 Speaker 1: the collagen, and then you set the stem cells on 429 00:22:58,520 --> 00:23:01,320 Speaker 1: there to grow over this scalp foldings. So it's kind 430 00:23:01,320 --> 00:23:03,200 Speaker 1: of like the idea of let's strip the building down 431 00:23:03,280 --> 00:23:06,520 Speaker 1: to just the beams and then build a new exactly 432 00:23:06,600 --> 00:23:09,800 Speaker 1: the way we need it. And the scaffolding is really important, right, 433 00:23:09,840 --> 00:23:12,000 Speaker 1: because you have to be able to achieve this shape. 434 00:23:12,400 --> 00:23:15,680 Speaker 1: That's where nanotechnology can You can't obviously, you can't just 435 00:23:15,800 --> 00:23:18,000 Speaker 1: grow a You don't just want to grow a bowl 436 00:23:18,160 --> 00:23:20,600 Speaker 1: of heart tissue. You need to grow that amount of 437 00:23:20,680 --> 00:23:24,359 Speaker 1: heart tissue in the shape, in the complex, specific shape 438 00:23:24,560 --> 00:23:26,840 Speaker 1: of a human heart. Right. So it turns out that 439 00:23:26,960 --> 00:23:30,240 Speaker 1: researchers at Rice University and MD Anderson Cancer Center in 440 00:23:30,320 --> 00:23:33,640 Speaker 1: Houston have developed an organ sculpting technique that uses metal 441 00:23:33,960 --> 00:23:37,080 Speaker 1: nano particles suspended in a magnetic field. Yeah, they were 442 00:23:37,080 --> 00:23:38,639 Speaker 1: Basically they woke up one day and they're like, you know, 443 00:23:38,840 --> 00:23:41,520 Speaker 1: the idea of growing your own heart um with stem 444 00:23:41,560 --> 00:23:45,200 Speaker 1: cells is not quite mind blowing enough for us. I 445 00:23:45,280 --> 00:23:48,040 Speaker 1: wonder if we can somehow up the antie and a 446 00:23:48,080 --> 00:23:50,359 Speaker 1: loan of the whole. They do, because they their concept 447 00:23:50,440 --> 00:23:53,640 Speaker 1: here as you take these these magnetic hether they're metal 448 00:23:53,720 --> 00:23:56,359 Speaker 1: land on particles and they're in a magnetic field, and 449 00:23:56,680 --> 00:24:00,320 Speaker 1: by manipulating the magnetic field, you arrange these particles into 450 00:24:00,520 --> 00:24:04,240 Speaker 1: a like a floating scaffolding. I know this such dug 451 00:24:04,440 --> 00:24:08,000 Speaker 1: henning nanotechnology. I mean, seriously, get really excited by this 452 00:24:08,400 --> 00:24:10,880 Speaker 1: because I just think Yeah, it's like suspending jello. Yeah, 453 00:24:11,000 --> 00:24:14,720 Speaker 1: it's like magic. The idea that not to mystify the technology, 454 00:24:15,080 --> 00:24:18,439 Speaker 1: but seriously, imagine walking into a room and they're floating 455 00:24:18,480 --> 00:24:21,280 Speaker 1: in the middle of it is this pullful flesh that's 456 00:24:21,320 --> 00:24:23,600 Speaker 1: growing into the shape of a donor heart. And again 457 00:24:23,640 --> 00:24:26,960 Speaker 1: you've got the nanoparts particles suspended in a magnetic field. 458 00:24:27,119 --> 00:24:29,760 Speaker 1: You have these matching up with this three D model 459 00:24:29,840 --> 00:24:31,639 Speaker 1: of what it should be. Yeah, I mean you have 460 00:24:31,800 --> 00:24:34,840 Speaker 1: these these particles behaving in a very different way than 461 00:24:35,000 --> 00:24:39,320 Speaker 1: in this in the at the scale. So that's so cool. Um. 462 00:24:39,359 --> 00:24:43,560 Speaker 1: There's also reconstructive surgery. Severe burn patients have little viable 463 00:24:43,640 --> 00:24:46,920 Speaker 1: skin leftograft onto um the rest of their body, and 464 00:24:47,040 --> 00:24:50,320 Speaker 1: so you can you can grow new skin using polymeric material, 465 00:24:50,480 --> 00:24:53,680 Speaker 1: but sometimes it takes too long and the patient it 466 00:24:53,760 --> 00:24:57,359 Speaker 1: can get really bad infections. And so when the newest 467 00:24:57,480 --> 00:24:59,399 Speaker 1: theories in the field of cell growing is at the 468 00:24:59,440 --> 00:25:04,199 Speaker 1: smallest ructure, the wider the possibility to manipulate the cells. Again. Uh, 469 00:25:04,280 --> 00:25:06,639 Speaker 1: So they have a new laser based technology called e 470 00:25:06,800 --> 00:25:11,640 Speaker 1: u V Extreme Ultraviolet that you that creates uh, nanostructured 471 00:25:11,720 --> 00:25:15,840 Speaker 1: polymer surfaces which really allows you to rapidly grow these 472 00:25:16,200 --> 00:25:18,440 Speaker 1: new skin for someone and then there's also no scar. 473 00:25:18,560 --> 00:25:22,720 Speaker 1: Plastic surgery. Scientists in Japan have developed a biodegradable thin 474 00:25:22,920 --> 00:25:27,439 Speaker 1: film of only about twenty nanometers thick that could replace 475 00:25:27,480 --> 00:25:30,320 Speaker 1: surgical stitches, which is really amazing. If you look at 476 00:25:30,320 --> 00:25:34,320 Speaker 1: the pictures, uh, you can already see, like um, that 477 00:25:34,840 --> 00:25:38,280 Speaker 1: the organism is beginning to heal itself really rapidly, as 478 00:25:38,280 --> 00:25:40,440 Speaker 1: opposed to sort of the big franken science stitches that 479 00:25:40,640 --> 00:25:42,399 Speaker 1: exist on it. So all of this makes me think 480 00:25:42,440 --> 00:25:44,520 Speaker 1: of another episode that we did a while back, that 481 00:25:44,640 --> 00:25:48,120 Speaker 1: being The nine Birthday Candles, which if you haven't heard 482 00:25:48,160 --> 00:25:50,399 Speaker 1: it or we're confused by the title, it deals with 483 00:25:50,960 --> 00:25:54,320 Speaker 1: the the science and the emerging science of living to 484 00:25:54,440 --> 00:25:58,440 Speaker 1: be nine years old, and that specifically what Aubrey de 485 00:25:58,520 --> 00:26:00,200 Speaker 1: Gray has to say about a lot of them. Yeah, 486 00:26:00,200 --> 00:26:02,800 Speaker 1: Abrey de Gray being the great bearded one, he does 487 00:26:02,920 --> 00:26:06,639 Speaker 1: look like a wonderful sort of gnome like man, gnome 488 00:26:06,760 --> 00:26:10,560 Speaker 1: like because of the beard, wizard like imagined him and 489 00:26:10,640 --> 00:26:13,160 Speaker 1: Alan Moore and Gandalf hanging out together. You can tell 490 00:26:13,280 --> 00:26:16,040 Speaker 1: my you can tell my crush is lessened because yeah, 491 00:26:16,119 --> 00:26:18,920 Speaker 1: now I'm calling him a gnome um. But no, it's 492 00:26:18,960 --> 00:26:22,480 Speaker 1: gonna be cute. So but he he is uh, he's 493 00:26:22,760 --> 00:26:26,439 Speaker 1: sort of a rock star in the bio geriatric field, 494 00:26:26,600 --> 00:26:28,600 Speaker 1: and a lot of people at first were sort of like, 495 00:26:28,640 --> 00:26:30,520 Speaker 1: what are you talking about? This is impossible, But he 496 00:26:30,640 --> 00:26:32,960 Speaker 1: has made a very good argument that the human body 497 00:26:33,160 --> 00:26:35,439 Speaker 1: is much like a classic car and if you can 498 00:26:35,520 --> 00:26:36,680 Speaker 1: get in there and you can do this sort of 499 00:26:36,760 --> 00:26:40,320 Speaker 1: maintenance before huge diseases and take over, then you can 500 00:26:40,400 --> 00:26:43,560 Speaker 1: actually extend the life. And he is saying that right 501 00:26:43,640 --> 00:26:46,440 Speaker 1: now that there is someone who is going to live 502 00:26:46,560 --> 00:26:48,879 Speaker 1: to be at least five hundred years old because of 503 00:26:48,960 --> 00:26:51,639 Speaker 1: the new technology, like what we're talking about today, and 504 00:26:51,760 --> 00:26:54,960 Speaker 1: it's it's it's probably David Bowie, that's my guess. Oh yeah, 505 00:26:54,960 --> 00:26:57,840 Speaker 1: I'm sure he's he's he's funding some of this and 506 00:26:58,480 --> 00:27:01,280 Speaker 1: he and Nicole Kidman. But I mean, we are talking 507 00:27:01,280 --> 00:27:06,159 Speaker 1: about self maintenance. And this is from UH an article 508 00:27:06,800 --> 00:27:12,679 Speaker 1: from HS Plus magazine. It's UH Nanotechnology and surgery surgeon's perspective. 509 00:27:13,320 --> 00:27:16,479 Speaker 1: The surgeon says this trend is already apparent in plastic surgery, 510 00:27:16,600 --> 00:27:19,840 Speaker 1: talking about all the sorts of nano technology that aims 511 00:27:19,920 --> 00:27:22,800 Speaker 1: at appearance enhancement. Expect this trend to appear in other 512 00:27:22,920 --> 00:27:27,320 Speaker 1: surgical specialties like orthopedics for enhanced athletes, transplantation of organs 513 00:27:27,400 --> 00:27:31,320 Speaker 1: from bioprinting or stem cells, new ordinary arteries delivered with 514 00:27:31,480 --> 00:27:36,480 Speaker 1: angioplastic balloons, enhancement drugs with DNA modifications, and many many others. 515 00:27:36,600 --> 00:27:38,840 Speaker 1: It seems that surgery will be the vector of our 516 00:27:38,920 --> 00:27:42,640 Speaker 1: first steps towards transcendence, gradually moving towards less and less 517 00:27:42,720 --> 00:27:47,159 Speaker 1: invasive procedures until surgery becomes almost obsolete. So that's what 518 00:27:47,240 --> 00:27:49,080 Speaker 1: that's what he's talking about. And he's basically, you know, 519 00:27:49,200 --> 00:27:51,760 Speaker 1: this idea that Aubrey de Gray has that we can 520 00:27:51,800 --> 00:27:56,399 Speaker 1: continue to use technology to to uh fix ourselves and 521 00:27:56,720 --> 00:27:59,600 Speaker 1: we you know, surgery may become very obsolete. And you 522 00:27:59,640 --> 00:28:02,880 Speaker 1: know when this happens, are we are we still human? Yeah? 523 00:28:03,200 --> 00:28:04,600 Speaker 1: I don't know. I don't know. I mean, if we 524 00:28:04,840 --> 00:28:08,919 Speaker 1: enhanced ourselves beyond uh you know, at least calling ourselves 525 00:28:08,960 --> 00:28:12,800 Speaker 1: homo sapiens, or are we homo sapiens Homo sapien plus? 526 00:28:13,160 --> 00:28:15,440 Speaker 1: I think maybe that's I like that, Yeah, like the 527 00:28:15,480 --> 00:28:17,480 Speaker 1: plus because you don't have to keep updating it with like, 528 00:28:17,680 --> 00:28:20,680 Speaker 1: you know, one point two point. So there you go. 529 00:28:20,840 --> 00:28:25,000 Speaker 1: That's nano manufacturing at least as it relates to healthcare. 530 00:28:25,880 --> 00:28:28,280 Speaker 1: We uh, we may come back and explore the topic 531 00:28:28,320 --> 00:28:30,400 Speaker 1: a little more and look at the ways nano manufacturer 532 00:28:30,440 --> 00:28:33,680 Speaker 1: is going to change other aspects like architecture. Architecture is 533 00:28:33,680 --> 00:28:36,320 Speaker 1: pretty amazing. Um, but if you can't wait for that, 534 00:28:36,600 --> 00:28:38,120 Speaker 1: by all means, you can check out tin waves and 535 00:28:38,120 --> 00:28:42,280 Speaker 1: manufacturing will alter industry. It's actually hosted on the Curiosity website, 536 00:28:42,680 --> 00:28:45,000 Speaker 1: which how stuff works. Theres a lot of content for that. 537 00:28:45,320 --> 00:28:47,800 Speaker 1: We all right, uh if you're amount of content for 538 00:28:47,880 --> 00:28:51,920 Speaker 1: that that property which is owned by Discovery Channel, yes, yeah, 539 00:28:52,120 --> 00:28:55,920 Speaker 1: and our employers, yes, our employers, And it's a part 540 00:28:55,960 --> 00:28:59,400 Speaker 1: of that the awesome TV show, the Curiosity Project show. 541 00:29:00,840 --> 00:29:04,600 Speaker 1: So uh, let's call over the robot uh and see 542 00:29:04,680 --> 00:29:07,040 Speaker 1: if it has any mail for us. Come on, Arnie, 543 00:29:08,880 --> 00:29:10,920 Speaker 1: all right, So let's uh, let's grab some of this mail, 544 00:29:11,120 --> 00:29:13,680 Speaker 1: all right, Luke writes in. Luke says, hey, Robert, I've 545 00:29:13,720 --> 00:29:15,600 Speaker 1: heard you talk about doing several times on the podcast, 546 00:29:15,680 --> 00:29:17,720 Speaker 1: that being the novel by Frank Herbert, and so I 547 00:29:17,800 --> 00:29:19,640 Speaker 1: finally read it, and he was to say it was amazing, 548 00:29:19,720 --> 00:29:21,280 Speaker 1: But now I want your opinion on the sequel. So 549 00:29:21,320 --> 00:29:23,360 Speaker 1: I find myself wanting to find out what happens next 550 00:29:23,520 --> 00:29:25,880 Speaker 1: to get more closure. But I'm also a slow reader 551 00:29:25,880 --> 00:29:28,400 Speaker 1: and feel somewhat exhausted after done. I've seen your reviews 552 00:29:28,440 --> 00:29:30,600 Speaker 1: and I've sort of gathered what happens in doing Messiah? 553 00:29:30,920 --> 00:29:33,200 Speaker 1: Is it a good read? Regardless of that, should I 554 00:29:33,320 --> 00:29:35,040 Speaker 1: read it? Even though I know I kind of know 555 00:29:35,120 --> 00:29:37,560 Speaker 1: what will happen. Like you talked about in the podcast 556 00:29:37,560 --> 00:29:40,760 Speaker 1: about too many choices decisions, tig, I'm looking for someone 557 00:29:40,800 --> 00:29:42,920 Speaker 1: whose opinion I trust to make the decisions for me. 558 00:29:43,440 --> 00:29:47,200 Speaker 1: Thanks and happy Thanksgiving. Yeah, yeah, no, that's interesting. I 559 00:29:47,240 --> 00:29:50,360 Speaker 1: remember in Decision the Decision Fatigue podcast, you said it's 560 00:29:50,400 --> 00:29:52,440 Speaker 1: great to have someone who can bet things for you. 561 00:29:52,600 --> 00:29:55,680 Speaker 1: So you're betting this for him? Yeah? If I will go, 562 00:29:55,840 --> 00:29:57,440 Speaker 1: just go and say, if you were looking for closure 563 00:29:57,440 --> 00:29:59,920 Speaker 1: and the things you read, proceeding with the Dunes here 564 00:30:00,160 --> 00:30:03,480 Speaker 1: is is probably not your best bet, um, because and 565 00:30:03,840 --> 00:30:07,040 Speaker 1: then a Frank Herbert dies before he can finish it. Uh, 566 00:30:07,320 --> 00:30:09,440 Speaker 1: And in my opinion, the books become less and less 567 00:30:09,440 --> 00:30:13,320 Speaker 1: solid as even if they progress in his writing of them. Uh, 568 00:30:13,360 --> 00:30:15,920 Speaker 1: they become less about characters and more about ideas. And 569 00:30:15,960 --> 00:30:17,680 Speaker 1: then even the idea is kind of fall flat after 570 00:30:17,720 --> 00:30:20,440 Speaker 1: a while again in my opinion, and then his son 571 00:30:20,560 --> 00:30:24,120 Speaker 1: ends up finishing the series, but their various voices back 572 00:30:24,160 --> 00:30:26,280 Speaker 1: and forth about to what degree he was able to 573 00:30:26,920 --> 00:30:30,720 Speaker 1: um to accomplish his father's vision. So for the most part, 574 00:30:30,760 --> 00:30:34,880 Speaker 1: I advise people to um to stick with June unless 575 00:30:34,920 --> 00:30:37,600 Speaker 1: you really really can't help yourself, and then, uh, you know, 576 00:30:37,720 --> 00:30:40,200 Speaker 1: don a side is pretty fun, but they gets less 577 00:30:40,200 --> 00:30:42,959 Speaker 1: fun as you go, So that would be my advice. 578 00:30:43,200 --> 00:30:46,080 Speaker 1: There are so many I suffer from this myself sometimes 579 00:30:46,120 --> 00:30:48,640 Speaker 1: with books, Like I found an author that I like, uh, 580 00:30:48,680 --> 00:30:51,160 Speaker 1: and I will just keep reading them until I'm not 581 00:30:51,360 --> 00:30:53,680 Speaker 1: reading the things that they may do. We're good anymore, 582 00:30:53,800 --> 00:30:57,360 Speaker 1: because not everybody's like that, where everything that they wrote 583 00:30:57,520 --> 00:31:00,480 Speaker 1: is great, or every or every album that they came 584 00:31:00,560 --> 00:31:03,080 Speaker 1: up with this amazing, or or every film they ever 585 00:31:03,160 --> 00:31:06,800 Speaker 1: directed or start in as a masterpiece. So um. But 586 00:31:06,880 --> 00:31:08,560 Speaker 1: but I often end up doing that, like I find 587 00:31:08,640 --> 00:31:11,040 Speaker 1: some an artist that I like, and I keep exploring 588 00:31:11,080 --> 00:31:13,560 Speaker 1: their work, uh, when I really should be finding new 589 00:31:13,640 --> 00:31:16,160 Speaker 1: artists who discover Actually I think that that's a better 590 00:31:16,200 --> 00:31:20,800 Speaker 1: appreciation of how they've evolved as an artist. Yeah, but 591 00:31:20,920 --> 00:31:22,920 Speaker 1: then there's there's something to be said, like what do 592 00:31:23,040 --> 00:31:25,440 Speaker 1: I at the end of at the end of the life. 593 00:31:25,800 --> 00:31:27,160 Speaker 1: What what do I want? Do I want to say 594 00:31:27,240 --> 00:31:31,120 Speaker 1: I have a really good appreciation for how um Frank 595 00:31:31,200 --> 00:31:35,560 Speaker 1: Herbert evolved or he evolved as a as a writer. 596 00:31:36,040 --> 00:31:37,480 Speaker 1: Or do I want to be able to say I 597 00:31:37,560 --> 00:31:40,520 Speaker 1: read some really good books that had some really amazing ideas. 598 00:31:40,560 --> 00:31:42,400 Speaker 1: And I don't know. I don't know, but I see 599 00:31:42,440 --> 00:31:44,360 Speaker 1: I see some sort of college level of course coming 600 00:31:44,400 --> 00:31:47,280 Speaker 1: on a festa. Thanks where that's where you could apply it. 601 00:31:48,720 --> 00:31:49,960 Speaker 1: Let me see if I have one more This is 602 00:31:50,000 --> 00:31:53,240 Speaker 1: maybe a little more science. Oh, I know, this one's fun. 603 00:31:53,320 --> 00:31:55,520 Speaker 1: Let's go at this. Uh Nathan writes in it says, Hi, 604 00:31:55,640 --> 00:31:57,800 Speaker 1: Robert and Julie, I love your podcast, and I only 605 00:31:57,880 --> 00:32:00,520 Speaker 1: have two things to say. Firstly, I read simply listen 606 00:32:00,560 --> 00:32:02,760 Speaker 1: to your podcast on doppelgangers and wondered if you have 607 00:32:02,920 --> 00:32:06,160 Speaker 1: heard of the Elvis impersonator theory. The theory is that 608 00:32:06,280 --> 00:32:09,120 Speaker 1: there are so many Elvis impersonators out there, but only 609 00:32:09,160 --> 00:32:11,720 Speaker 1: about fifty of them actually look like him. So there 610 00:32:11,800 --> 00:32:14,440 Speaker 1: are fifty people out there that look exactly like you 611 00:32:14,680 --> 00:32:17,200 Speaker 1: right now. I just thought that you might find it interesting. 612 00:32:17,360 --> 00:32:20,000 Speaker 1: My second splirt of information is that I think you 613 00:32:20,040 --> 00:32:22,760 Speaker 1: guys should definitely do a podcast on cinesesthasia. I have 614 00:32:23,520 --> 00:32:26,520 Speaker 1: graphine color synesthesia and would love to hear your opinion 615 00:32:26,640 --> 00:32:30,040 Speaker 1: on the matter. Very cool. Yeah, a couple of things. One, 616 00:32:30,120 --> 00:32:33,200 Speaker 1: now I imagine myself as an Elvis personator like fifty 617 00:32:33,240 --> 00:32:37,600 Speaker 1: of us, all with a Cape song to splurt love it. Yeah, okay, 618 00:32:37,720 --> 00:32:40,240 Speaker 1: and uh and three we have heard from a lot 619 00:32:40,280 --> 00:32:43,000 Speaker 1: of people who talk about sinensaia and having different experiences 620 00:32:43,080 --> 00:32:45,000 Speaker 1: with it. So that's that's definitely one that we could 621 00:32:45,040 --> 00:32:47,440 Speaker 1: dive deeper into. Yeah, it's weird how sometimes the really 622 00:32:47,480 --> 00:32:49,840 Speaker 1: obvious ones like I feel like sinesasia has been on 623 00:32:50,200 --> 00:32:52,240 Speaker 1: when we first started doing stuff to blow your mind, 624 00:32:52,320 --> 00:32:54,240 Speaker 1: that's stuff to blow your mind, were Mando this enormous 625 00:32:54,320 --> 00:32:57,640 Speaker 1: list of possible topics, and and some of them were 626 00:32:57,720 --> 00:33:00,000 Speaker 1: no brainess like Seneslatia. We gotta do that. That's great 627 00:33:00,120 --> 00:33:03,160 Speaker 1: mind blowing topic. Um. And some of those those no 628 00:33:03,280 --> 00:33:05,680 Speaker 1: brainers are still on the list. Uh. And when we 629 00:33:05,800 --> 00:33:08,640 Speaker 1: ended up sort of going into into weirder areas here 630 00:33:08,640 --> 00:33:11,960 Speaker 1: and yeah, our attention gets diverted. Yeah, we're easily distracted 631 00:33:12,360 --> 00:33:15,000 Speaker 1: by science. So there you have it. Um, if you 632 00:33:15,120 --> 00:33:16,960 Speaker 1: have something you would like to share with us. Be 633 00:33:17,120 --> 00:33:20,320 Speaker 1: it science related, be it sci fi related, be it 634 00:33:20,480 --> 00:33:24,480 Speaker 1: just about anything that's interesting and mind stimulating. You can 635 00:33:24,520 --> 00:33:27,160 Speaker 1: find us on Facebook as stuff to Blow the Mind, 636 00:33:27,680 --> 00:33:29,760 Speaker 1: and you can also find find us on Twitter, where 637 00:33:29,760 --> 00:33:32,640 Speaker 1: our Twitter handles blow the Mind one word, and you 638 00:33:32,680 --> 00:33:35,000 Speaker 1: can also send us a line at blow the Mind 639 00:33:35,040 --> 00:33:42,120 Speaker 1: at house to work dot com. Be sure to check 640 00:33:42,120 --> 00:33:45,280 Speaker 1: out our new video podcast, Stuff from the Future. Join 641 00:33:45,360 --> 00:33:47,840 Speaker 1: how Stuff Work staff as we explore the most promising 642 00:33:47,920 --> 00:33:50,200 Speaker 1: and perplexing possibilities of tomorrow.