1 00:00:09,840 --> 00:00:12,360 Speaker 1: Hello, and welcome to food Stuff. I'm any Race and 2 00:00:12,480 --> 00:00:17,320 Speaker 1: I'm Lauren vocal Bomb and today we're doing another seafood 3 00:00:17,320 --> 00:00:21,760 Speaker 1: related episode. It's about a crustacean. It is the Crawfish, 4 00:00:22,440 --> 00:00:25,040 Speaker 1: and I have a theme song. I'm going to hum 5 00:00:25,040 --> 00:00:26,920 Speaker 1: and I want you to try and guess what it is. 6 00:00:26,960 --> 00:00:29,560 Speaker 1: And I think you'll you'll be able to do it. Okay, 7 00:00:30,160 --> 00:00:36,120 Speaker 1: do do Do Do Do Do Do Do Do Jerssef Park, 8 00:00:38,000 --> 00:00:39,760 Speaker 1: I hope you all got it. I know my humming 9 00:00:39,880 --> 00:00:43,960 Speaker 1: is a well some have said it's off key, but 10 00:00:45,320 --> 00:00:49,600 Speaker 1: this episode made me think so much of Jurassic Park. 11 00:00:49,680 --> 00:00:54,800 Speaker 1: And it's finally time to talk about cloning. Cloning, yes, 12 00:00:54,840 --> 00:00:57,920 Speaker 1: because the life finds a way. And let's hope this 13 00:00:58,120 --> 00:01:01,760 Speaker 1: isn't an attack of the clone situation, hopefully not. We've talked. 14 00:01:02,080 --> 00:01:04,720 Speaker 1: I mean, you've talked about clouding before with with cloone Annie. 15 00:01:06,240 --> 00:01:08,680 Speaker 1: You know about Clone Anny. I mean I listened to 16 00:01:08,840 --> 00:01:12,440 Speaker 1: the episode. Oh no, I mean she disappeared before I 17 00:01:12,480 --> 00:01:16,800 Speaker 1: got into the studio. But she totally exists. Um I 18 00:01:17,720 --> 00:01:20,520 Speaker 1: I don't know. I haven't seen it in a while. Yeah, 19 00:01:20,760 --> 00:01:25,960 Speaker 1: I'm hoping she'll check in soon. I hope she's not 20 00:01:26,120 --> 00:01:31,240 Speaker 1: causing any mayhem. That's all I can say. I was 21 00:01:31,319 --> 00:01:33,120 Speaker 1: gonna say that she should she should send in some 22 00:01:33,240 --> 00:01:38,480 Speaker 1: like some correspondent like reporting. But if it's may hammy 23 00:01:39,120 --> 00:01:41,640 Speaker 1: correspondent reporting, I'm not sure if that's we can talk 24 00:01:41,640 --> 00:01:47,760 Speaker 1: about it later anyway. Crawfish, let's talk about some etymology. Yeah, 25 00:01:48,200 --> 00:01:51,960 Speaker 1: because because the term if you if you google it, um, 26 00:01:52,440 --> 00:01:56,840 Speaker 1: the more proper term is crayfish, which I was surprised 27 00:01:56,880 --> 00:02:03,560 Speaker 1: to learn. Crawfish is a Southern thing. Also also crawdad. Yes, um, 28 00:02:04,040 --> 00:02:08,000 Speaker 1: so you got crawfish, crayfish, and crawdad and they're the 29 00:02:08,160 --> 00:02:11,560 Speaker 1: same thing. Okay. In southern parts of the U. S. 30 00:02:11,639 --> 00:02:14,680 Speaker 1: You are more likely to hear crawfish. In the north, crayfish. 31 00:02:15,120 --> 00:02:17,600 Speaker 1: Crawdad is more of a term they use in the 32 00:02:17,680 --> 00:02:22,720 Speaker 1: Western States and particularly ok Oklahoma, Kansas. In Arkansas, apparently 33 00:02:22,880 --> 00:02:26,320 Speaker 1: in the Mississippi Delta, some folks call them mudbugs, which 34 00:02:26,400 --> 00:02:31,920 Speaker 1: sounds so appetizing. Etymology note, although crawfish live in the water, 35 00:02:32,280 --> 00:02:35,600 Speaker 1: that they are crustaceans, not fish, and the fish in 36 00:02:35,720 --> 00:02:39,040 Speaker 1: their name does not come from the root word of fish, 37 00:02:39,480 --> 00:02:42,800 Speaker 1: but rather from a mispronunciation of the Old Anglo French 38 00:02:42,919 --> 00:02:47,400 Speaker 1: word for the animal crevis. Crevis has its roots in 39 00:02:47,480 --> 00:02:50,679 Speaker 1: German words for crab, and at some point in the 40 00:02:51,200 --> 00:02:56,440 Speaker 1: undreds enough folks misheard and mispronounced crevisa is crayfish in 41 00:02:56,560 --> 00:03:01,160 Speaker 1: English that the word stuck. I'm probably not quite pronouncing 42 00:03:01,200 --> 00:03:04,639 Speaker 1: it as parallel as I should be, But if you 43 00:03:04,720 --> 00:03:07,400 Speaker 1: say it over and over again, it's like I did 44 00:03:07,840 --> 00:03:10,799 Speaker 1: quietly to myself at my desk the other day. You'll 45 00:03:10,880 --> 00:03:14,080 Speaker 1: you'll start to see it. Yeah, and eventually, um, crayfish 46 00:03:14,120 --> 00:03:16,840 Speaker 1: branched into crawfish over the next century or so in 47 00:03:16,919 --> 00:03:19,840 Speaker 1: different areas. But yeah, around the world, there's lots of 48 00:03:19,840 --> 00:03:23,799 Speaker 1: different words for the things, right, Um, a yabbie or 49 00:03:23,840 --> 00:03:27,040 Speaker 1: a cora in Australia um, and folks who keep them 50 00:03:27,040 --> 00:03:30,799 Speaker 1: as pets and Singapore call them fresh water lobsters. Fair enough, 51 00:03:30,960 --> 00:03:34,480 Speaker 1: makes sense. Yeah, I have a friend that has a 52 00:03:34,560 --> 00:03:37,880 Speaker 1: crawfish boil every year in the spring and it's lovely. Oh, 53 00:03:37,920 --> 00:03:39,960 Speaker 1: I love a crawfish boil. If you've never been to one, 54 00:03:40,040 --> 00:03:42,640 Speaker 1: it's usually an outdoor event where you gather your friends 55 00:03:42,720 --> 00:03:46,000 Speaker 1: your family. You boil huge pots of crawfish with usually 56 00:03:46,080 --> 00:03:49,840 Speaker 1: with corn, potatoes, sausage and some spices and seasonings and 57 00:03:50,000 --> 00:03:53,080 Speaker 1: dump the finished product onto newspaper covered tables, usually the 58 00:03:53,160 --> 00:03:56,960 Speaker 1: fold away kind, and you have feast away. Yeah. Um. 59 00:03:57,360 --> 00:04:00,200 Speaker 1: But this is another food that I struggle very much 60 00:04:00,200 --> 00:04:02,440 Speaker 1: with eating. Oh, they don't want to beat I mean there, 61 00:04:02,720 --> 00:04:06,080 Speaker 1: they resisted. They very much do. Usually at this crawfish 62 00:04:06,120 --> 00:04:13,240 Speaker 1: boil event, I eat far more sausage and to crawfish. Yeah. Um. 63 00:04:13,400 --> 00:04:17,520 Speaker 1: But local Atlanta restaurant shout out to Crawfish Shack Seafood. Yes, 64 00:04:17,839 --> 00:04:21,520 Speaker 1: according to their website, we received shipments of fresh crawfish daily, 65 00:04:21,880 --> 00:04:23,640 Speaker 1: and there's an article in The New York Times that 66 00:04:23,760 --> 00:04:26,760 Speaker 1: mentions them called Vietnamese immigrants carry on a Cajun food 67 00:04:26,800 --> 00:04:30,040 Speaker 1: tradition because it's kind of a fusion. Yeah, it's it's 68 00:04:30,120 --> 00:04:32,960 Speaker 1: run by a Vietnamese family and they also have some 69 00:04:33,120 --> 00:04:37,440 Speaker 1: Korean items on the menu. And Atlanta, seriously, Crawfish Shack 70 00:04:37,920 --> 00:04:41,520 Speaker 1: is so good. Yeah, go to there. It's on Buford Highway, 71 00:04:41,600 --> 00:04:44,720 Speaker 1: inside the perimeter between like Shambley, Tucker and Claremont, kind 72 00:04:44,720 --> 00:04:48,080 Speaker 1: of right over by the CDC. Seriously, it's a tiny 73 00:04:48,160 --> 00:04:51,200 Speaker 1: hole in the wall and it's so good. Yeah. I've 74 00:04:51,200 --> 00:04:54,560 Speaker 1: spent many a late night Oh yeah, yeah, when I 75 00:04:54,640 --> 00:04:56,400 Speaker 1: lived When I lived closer to there, it was. It 76 00:04:56,640 --> 00:05:04,080 Speaker 1: was dangerous, all right, All of that aside crawfish, what 77 00:05:04,360 --> 00:05:08,920 Speaker 1: is it. Crawfish look like we little lobsters about three 78 00:05:09,000 --> 00:05:12,000 Speaker 1: to six inches long, that's like eight fifteen centimes, although 79 00:05:12,040 --> 00:05:15,680 Speaker 1: some species can get bigger. They are as we've said, crustaceans, 80 00:05:16,000 --> 00:05:20,920 Speaker 1: meaning that they're animals that don't have an interior skeletal system, 81 00:05:21,200 --> 00:05:24,360 Speaker 1: but rather an exoskeleton, you know, like like like bugs 82 00:05:24,480 --> 00:05:27,600 Speaker 1: or like Ripley in the movie Aliens. In the case 83 00:05:27,640 --> 00:05:30,760 Speaker 1: of crawfish, that exoskeleton maybe brown or blue or red 84 00:05:30,880 --> 00:05:33,760 Speaker 1: or golden or sort of modeled with all of those colors. 85 00:05:34,040 --> 00:05:38,160 Speaker 1: And they've got two main body areas. They've got the abdomen, 86 00:05:38,279 --> 00:05:41,880 Speaker 1: which is the tail part and contains mostly muscle, and 87 00:05:42,160 --> 00:05:45,920 Speaker 1: the cephalothorax, which is the torso and head part and 88 00:05:46,000 --> 00:05:52,080 Speaker 1: contains mostly organs. They have two pairs of walking only 89 00:05:52,200 --> 00:05:55,600 Speaker 1: legs in the back for foreign total, two pairs of 90 00:05:55,720 --> 00:05:59,000 Speaker 1: legs with small pinchers in the front for like minor 91 00:05:59,040 --> 00:06:02,440 Speaker 1: object manipulation and an extra walking power, and then one 92 00:06:02,520 --> 00:06:05,080 Speaker 1: pair of front legs that are capped in these big 93 00:06:05,240 --> 00:06:10,440 Speaker 1: powerful claws that they used to get stuff done. Yeah, fighting, feeding, 94 00:06:10,720 --> 00:06:14,320 Speaker 1: moving stuff, around, you know, crawfish stuff. Yeah, And they 95 00:06:14,400 --> 00:06:17,800 Speaker 1: are assisted in these tasks by their one pair of 96 00:06:17,920 --> 00:06:22,640 Speaker 1: eye stalks, two pairs of antennae, and three pairs of 97 00:06:22,880 --> 00:06:26,120 Speaker 1: mouth parts. They chew their food though with a set 98 00:06:26,400 --> 00:06:30,880 Speaker 1: of three teeth called a gastric mill. Okay, and they 99 00:06:31,000 --> 00:06:35,599 Speaker 1: pee through glands located in their faces just under their antenna. Oh. 100 00:06:37,040 --> 00:06:39,880 Speaker 1: They also have four pairs of these wee little limbs 101 00:06:40,040 --> 00:06:43,520 Speaker 1: along the undersides of their tails called swimmerets that help 102 00:06:44,080 --> 00:06:48,040 Speaker 1: with reproductive functions and also to circulate water to and 103 00:06:48,200 --> 00:06:53,840 Speaker 1: from their gills. These things so wild. What is going 104 00:06:54,040 --> 00:06:57,159 Speaker 1: on crawfish? I don't know, but I love it so much, 105 00:06:57,640 --> 00:07:00,240 Speaker 1: so straight I got. The more I read of them, 106 00:07:00,279 --> 00:07:02,080 Speaker 1: the more I was just giddy. I was just like, 107 00:07:02,400 --> 00:07:06,440 Speaker 1: this sounds like a terrible monster thing. It really does. 108 00:07:06,920 --> 00:07:11,400 Speaker 1: They're so tasty, uh they and I said, I said, gills. 109 00:07:11,480 --> 00:07:14,480 Speaker 1: They will happily live their whole lives underwater. They don't 110 00:07:14,520 --> 00:07:16,880 Speaker 1: need to be above water for any particular reason. They 111 00:07:16,960 --> 00:07:19,280 Speaker 1: breathe through their gills. Um, but they can survive in 112 00:07:19,400 --> 00:07:21,520 Speaker 1: air for a decent while as long as their their 113 00:07:21,560 --> 00:07:25,520 Speaker 1: gills stay stay moist. They don't really swim though they 114 00:07:25,640 --> 00:07:29,520 Speaker 1: can push themselves backwards uh with a with a sort 115 00:07:29,520 --> 00:07:33,520 Speaker 1: of undercurling thrust of their long, broad segmented tail in 116 00:07:33,600 --> 00:07:35,720 Speaker 1: case of emergency, but for the most part, they just 117 00:07:35,880 --> 00:07:39,960 Speaker 1: crawl along the floor of their freshwater habitats ponds or streams, 118 00:07:40,080 --> 00:07:42,680 Speaker 1: or or the shallows of rivers or lakes, foraging for 119 00:07:42,800 --> 00:07:47,720 Speaker 1: food their omnivores, avoiding predators, sometimes digging burrows, and sometimes 120 00:07:47,840 --> 00:07:54,760 Speaker 1: making babies. Crawfish usually reproduce sexually usually more on that, 121 00:07:55,360 --> 00:07:57,760 Speaker 1: More on that in a minute, um and then the 122 00:07:57,800 --> 00:08:00,400 Speaker 1: females carry the eggs inside their bodies for a few weeks, 123 00:08:00,520 --> 00:08:03,400 Speaker 1: and then outside their bodies, stuck to their to the 124 00:08:03,520 --> 00:08:07,120 Speaker 1: underside of their tails. The hatchlings will hang out literally 125 00:08:07,200 --> 00:08:09,480 Speaker 1: still attached to the underside of their mother's tail, for 126 00:08:09,480 --> 00:08:13,840 Speaker 1: another few weeks through a molt or two a malt 127 00:08:14,200 --> 00:08:19,520 Speaker 1: a malts molting. Okay, So, unlike our skin and bones, 128 00:08:19,560 --> 00:08:24,760 Speaker 1: which grow with us, crawfishes exo skeletons cannot grow with them. 129 00:08:25,440 --> 00:08:28,560 Speaker 1: A crawfish shell is semi flexible but pretty solid. It's 130 00:08:28,640 --> 00:08:32,480 Speaker 1: made of kitan and reinforced with calcium carbonate that they 131 00:08:32,600 --> 00:08:36,000 Speaker 1: consume in their diets and excrete through the specialized sort 132 00:08:36,040 --> 00:08:39,480 Speaker 1: of skin. When the crawfish starts getting too big for 133 00:08:39,800 --> 00:08:44,120 Speaker 1: their current shell, it'll shed that exo skeleton and grow 134 00:08:44,200 --> 00:08:48,360 Speaker 1: a new, bigger one for it to grow into. Right, 135 00:08:49,160 --> 00:08:51,439 Speaker 1: And they can do this up to fifteen times, and 136 00:08:51,480 --> 00:08:55,160 Speaker 1: they generally double in size with each shed. They may 137 00:08:55,280 --> 00:08:58,240 Speaker 1: eat they're molted shells to regain the minerals from them. 138 00:08:58,559 --> 00:09:02,200 Speaker 1: Of course, of course, why not, that's that's good sense. 139 00:09:02,280 --> 00:09:06,760 Speaker 1: Come on. Depending on the species, they may live anywhere 140 00:09:06,800 --> 00:09:09,559 Speaker 1: from a couple of years to several years. And in 141 00:09:09,640 --> 00:09:13,160 Speaker 1: addition to growing new shells, many crawfish will grow whole 142 00:09:13,240 --> 00:09:16,600 Speaker 1: new limbs if they lose one. It's very loved, crafty, 143 00:09:16,640 --> 00:09:20,280 Speaker 1: and it's a good superpower. And that is true around 144 00:09:20,320 --> 00:09:23,000 Speaker 1: the world. There are over six species of crawfish, half 145 00:09:23,040 --> 00:09:26,319 Speaker 1: of which are from the US and Canada. In two 146 00:09:26,360 --> 00:09:29,319 Speaker 1: thousand and nine, biologists discovered a species in Tennessee that 147 00:09:29,400 --> 00:09:32,719 Speaker 1: can reach the size of a lobster. They're they're kind 148 00:09:32,720 --> 00:09:35,680 Speaker 1: of baffled us to how no one's ever seen it before. 149 00:09:38,080 --> 00:09:44,040 Speaker 1: Who knows good burrowers? Yes, yeah, And here's my question, Lauren, 150 00:09:44,559 --> 00:09:49,400 Speaker 1: how in the world do you eat these things? Uh? Well? Um, 151 00:09:49,800 --> 00:09:54,560 Speaker 1: Unlike some crustaceans like shrimp, Crawfish shells are too hard 152 00:09:54,679 --> 00:09:56,440 Speaker 1: for humans to eat, so you've got to get them 153 00:09:56,440 --> 00:09:59,640 Speaker 1: out of there. Yeah. Yeah. A crawfish are frequently cooked whole, 154 00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:02,679 Speaker 1: are boiled or roasted. And once they're cooked through and 155 00:10:03,080 --> 00:10:05,120 Speaker 1: you've taken them off the heat and gotten them two 156 00:10:05,160 --> 00:10:07,160 Speaker 1: more or less the point that they're cool enough to touch, 157 00:10:07,559 --> 00:10:10,520 Speaker 1: you crack them open. And there are tools that can 158 00:10:10,640 --> 00:10:13,439 Speaker 1: help you with this, and you might need those to 159 00:10:13,520 --> 00:10:15,360 Speaker 1: get meat out of the claw section, or if the 160 00:10:15,400 --> 00:10:17,079 Speaker 1: crawfish is kind of by the large side and the 161 00:10:17,120 --> 00:10:21,200 Speaker 1: shell is too thick to manipulate, But for most American crawfish, 162 00:10:21,559 --> 00:10:24,319 Speaker 1: you're just going to use your hands to separate the 163 00:10:24,360 --> 00:10:27,480 Speaker 1: two halves of the crawfish that that abdomen or tail 164 00:10:27,520 --> 00:10:31,480 Speaker 1: part from that cephalothorax or the head slash torso part. 165 00:10:31,920 --> 00:10:33,199 Speaker 1: What you do is you get you get a good 166 00:10:33,200 --> 00:10:37,160 Speaker 1: grip on the tail with one hand and the torso 167 00:10:37,720 --> 00:10:39,959 Speaker 1: with your other hand, and you sort of sort of 168 00:10:40,080 --> 00:10:43,400 Speaker 1: pinched down at the right at the division in between 169 00:10:43,800 --> 00:10:47,000 Speaker 1: the two sections. And the sections are clear because the 170 00:10:47,280 --> 00:10:50,640 Speaker 1: torso head is smooth and hard with a carapace, and 171 00:10:50,679 --> 00:10:53,080 Speaker 1: the tail part is is segmented and a little bit 172 00:10:53,160 --> 00:10:56,800 Speaker 1: bend deer and and then you just sort of bend, 173 00:10:57,040 --> 00:11:00,160 Speaker 1: twist and pull at the same time and the two 174 00:11:00,240 --> 00:11:05,559 Speaker 1: halves will come apart in theory, hypothetically, once you do so. 175 00:11:05,840 --> 00:11:08,839 Speaker 1: The tail contains a sort of dense, spongy meat that 176 00:11:08,920 --> 00:11:11,240 Speaker 1: that pulls apart in threads, sort of like pulled pork. 177 00:11:11,600 --> 00:11:15,920 Speaker 1: But it has a clean, slightly sweet, slightly earthy, briny 178 00:11:16,360 --> 00:11:19,839 Speaker 1: seafoodie taste, and it's pretty easy to just pull it 179 00:11:19,880 --> 00:11:23,319 Speaker 1: out or pick it out with a fork. The head, meanwhile, 180 00:11:23,400 --> 00:11:26,040 Speaker 1: contains a sort of soupy, spongey bit of meat that's 181 00:11:26,040 --> 00:11:29,439 Speaker 1: a little bit more savory and gamey than the tail 182 00:11:29,880 --> 00:11:32,200 Speaker 1: and more heavily flavored. It's going to be more heavily 183 00:11:32,200 --> 00:11:34,839 Speaker 1: flavored with whatever spices you've added to your boil or 184 00:11:34,880 --> 00:11:38,760 Speaker 1: your roasting pan. To get the full experience, you both 185 00:11:38,960 --> 00:11:41,520 Speaker 1: pick out the tail meat and suck the meat out 186 00:11:41,520 --> 00:11:44,320 Speaker 1: of the torso head. It's important to suck the head. 187 00:11:46,559 --> 00:11:52,880 Speaker 1: I've heard that, Lauren. Um, Yeah, I just have I 188 00:11:52,920 --> 00:11:56,679 Speaker 1: struggle a lot. I'll meet me too. Yeah, My that 189 00:11:56,920 --> 00:11:59,240 Speaker 1: the Croppers boiler I go to every year. I'm I'm 190 00:11:59,280 --> 00:12:02,080 Speaker 1: always the one that's just failing and everyone else has 191 00:12:02,160 --> 00:12:04,679 Speaker 1: it down and they've eaten like a billion and yes, 192 00:12:04,880 --> 00:12:07,400 Speaker 1: and you've had like two yes, and like I barely 193 00:12:07,480 --> 00:12:10,120 Speaker 1: got anything out of either of them, and my hands 194 00:12:10,120 --> 00:12:15,040 Speaker 1: are bleeding somehow. I always cut myself. I always cut 195 00:12:15,120 --> 00:12:20,560 Speaker 1: myself on the shell edges. It's we're just the crawfish 196 00:12:20,600 --> 00:12:23,319 Speaker 1: are winning against us. To be fair, I didn't go 197 00:12:23,400 --> 00:12:27,640 Speaker 1: to a boil until I was like thirty. I think, so, yeah, 198 00:12:28,440 --> 00:12:31,040 Speaker 1: so I've I haven't had I'm I'm still learning. Okay. 199 00:12:31,440 --> 00:12:35,079 Speaker 1: It's a process. It is the skill, and there's time, Lauren, 200 00:12:35,280 --> 00:12:39,920 Speaker 1: there's time decide from it being difficult. Some people do 201 00:12:40,000 --> 00:12:42,959 Speaker 1: not eat crawfish because they are not kosher um, and 202 00:12:43,520 --> 00:12:46,240 Speaker 1: or they object to the fact that crawfish are generally 203 00:12:46,320 --> 00:12:50,959 Speaker 1: alive when they are cooked. Um. There there is some 204 00:12:51,320 --> 00:12:55,800 Speaker 1: scientific disagreement about whether crawfish and other crustaceans can feel pain, 205 00:12:56,360 --> 00:13:00,160 Speaker 1: and therefore whether it's cruel to cook them alive. Thing 206 00:13:00,240 --> 00:13:03,680 Speaker 1: is like, they don't have brains or central nervous systems. 207 00:13:04,679 --> 00:13:08,000 Speaker 1: The general consensus is that it would be kinder to 208 00:13:08,440 --> 00:13:11,839 Speaker 1: knock crustaceans out before cooking them, either stunning them with 209 00:13:12,000 --> 00:13:14,840 Speaker 1: cold or with electric shock. Or by just just quickly 210 00:13:15,120 --> 00:13:19,559 Speaker 1: removing or otherwise mechanically destroying the the ganglia or the 211 00:13:19,640 --> 00:13:24,040 Speaker 1: nerve bundles that help these crustaceans coordinate their responses to stimuli. 212 00:13:24,840 --> 00:13:29,199 Speaker 1: But it is physically impossible, as far as humans know, 213 00:13:29,679 --> 00:13:34,120 Speaker 1: for crawfish and other crustaceans to experience the negative feedback 214 00:13:34,200 --> 00:13:37,599 Speaker 1: loop that we do when we experience pain, like we 215 00:13:37,720 --> 00:13:40,480 Speaker 1: have a sensation of hurt and then the emotion of 216 00:13:40,600 --> 00:13:44,800 Speaker 1: being upset about it, which can intensify the sensation of hurt. 217 00:13:45,400 --> 00:13:48,920 Speaker 1: That's that's how human things work. They do not have 218 00:13:49,080 --> 00:13:53,800 Speaker 1: that anyway, if you do choose to eat them well. 219 00:13:54,120 --> 00:13:57,599 Speaker 1: Crawfish tails are relatively low calorie, low fat, um the 220 00:13:57,720 --> 00:14:00,920 Speaker 1: good source of protein, with a decent amount of calcium, iron, phosphorus, 221 00:14:01,040 --> 00:14:04,360 Speaker 1: and be vitamins. They are popular food during Lint when 222 00:14:04,440 --> 00:14:07,760 Speaker 1: Catholics don't eat meat. On Fridays, you can find them 223 00:14:07,840 --> 00:14:10,199 Speaker 1: in a lot of Cajun or Creole cuisine like a 224 00:14:10,360 --> 00:14:12,960 Speaker 1: to fe and gumbo. You can also put their meat 225 00:14:13,080 --> 00:14:15,439 Speaker 1: in anything that you would use lobster or shrimp for 226 00:14:15,920 --> 00:14:18,199 Speaker 1: and their shells and spare bits are really good for 227 00:14:18,280 --> 00:14:22,000 Speaker 1: making stock. And I think crawfish have a have a 228 00:14:22,040 --> 00:14:24,360 Speaker 1: bit of a reputation as being like dirty, you know, 229 00:14:24,440 --> 00:14:28,600 Speaker 1: like like their bottom theaters. Um. Maybe partially because of 230 00:14:28,640 --> 00:14:32,760 Speaker 1: their flavor. Um, maybe it's just classies, um maybe, But 231 00:14:33,400 --> 00:14:36,640 Speaker 1: but crawfish actually have a very low tolerance for for pollution. 232 00:14:36,920 --> 00:14:40,400 Speaker 1: Healthy populations of crawfish are a benchmark of water quality 233 00:14:40,720 --> 00:14:43,880 Speaker 1: in areas where they live, and they prefer to eat 234 00:14:44,000 --> 00:14:47,560 Speaker 1: living stuff to dead stuff. Though they're pretty opportunistic. They'll 235 00:14:47,680 --> 00:14:50,640 Speaker 1: eat basically whatever they can get ahold of. Sure, I 236 00:14:50,880 --> 00:14:53,400 Speaker 1: thought kind of to this point, I as a kid, 237 00:14:53,480 --> 00:14:58,720 Speaker 1: thought crawfish with crawl fish crawl fish because they crawl 238 00:14:59,320 --> 00:15:03,240 Speaker 1: on the ground, and that therefore they might be dirty. Um. 239 00:15:04,040 --> 00:15:05,920 Speaker 1: And I think we're gonna talk a little bit more 240 00:15:05,960 --> 00:15:07,920 Speaker 1: about other reasons that might be in a bit, but 241 00:15:08,080 --> 00:15:13,440 Speaker 1: for now, let's look at some numbers. Numbers number. Um. 242 00:15:13,960 --> 00:15:17,960 Speaker 1: When I think of crawfish, I think of Louisiana. Most 243 00:15:18,000 --> 00:15:20,800 Speaker 1: of the crawfish consumed in the US, which is around 244 00:15:22,200 --> 00:15:26,320 Speaker 1: ve come from Louisiana, with more than six hundred farmers 245 00:15:26,600 --> 00:15:30,800 Speaker 1: on one hundred and eleven thousand acres of ponds producing 246 00:15:30,880 --> 00:15:35,160 Speaker 1: one hundred million pounds amounting to about two hundred and 247 00:15:35,320 --> 00:15:39,240 Speaker 1: ten million dollars a year for the state farm raised 248 00:15:39,280 --> 00:15:44,440 Speaker 1: crawfish make up of US commercial sales. Crawfish season is 249 00:15:44,480 --> 00:15:48,800 Speaker 1: still a big deal. They're both industrially and culturally. And 250 00:15:48,880 --> 00:15:50,800 Speaker 1: I will say a quick note about those numbers. I 251 00:15:50,880 --> 00:15:54,480 Speaker 1: saw a lot of differing numbers, but all within that range, 252 00:15:54,520 --> 00:15:58,520 Speaker 1: and that was those were from the Smithsonian magazine report 253 00:15:58,600 --> 00:16:00,240 Speaker 1: on it. So I'm going to hope that these were 254 00:16:00,440 --> 00:16:05,080 Speaker 1: pretty pretty pretty one close. Crawfish eason does peak in 255 00:16:05,200 --> 00:16:08,240 Speaker 1: April when the floodwaters forced the crawfish out of their burrows, 256 00:16:08,280 --> 00:16:11,200 Speaker 1: but it can go anywhere from November to June due 257 00:16:11,240 --> 00:16:16,000 Speaker 1: to crawfish farming. And even though Louisiana crawfish you think 258 00:16:16,000 --> 00:16:19,120 Speaker 1: of Louisiana, but you can find them in Brazil, France, Spain, Portugal, Kenya, 259 00:16:19,200 --> 00:16:24,400 Speaker 1: and Uganda, among other places. They've been exported for to 260 00:16:24,920 --> 00:16:28,360 Speaker 1: be farmed in many other places. Absolutely, And I did 261 00:16:28,440 --> 00:16:30,000 Speaker 1: see a lot of these when I was in Muhan, 262 00:16:30,160 --> 00:16:34,720 Speaker 1: China uh Longia, which translates to small dragon shrimp. I 263 00:16:34,760 --> 00:16:37,720 Speaker 1: saw so many people in the streets, these big buckets. 264 00:16:38,560 --> 00:16:42,840 Speaker 1: Yeah I never tried him, but yeah, I was very nervous, 265 00:16:42,920 --> 00:16:45,200 Speaker 1: like I knew I couldn't eat them in the US, 266 00:16:45,280 --> 00:16:46,360 Speaker 1: and I was like, I don't need to make a 267 00:16:46,400 --> 00:16:49,760 Speaker 1: fool myself in China more than I already am Um. 268 00:16:50,560 --> 00:16:53,880 Speaker 1: They first arrived to China in the nineteen forties. The 269 00:16:54,280 --> 00:16:58,320 Speaker 1: Louisiana crawfish, Yeah, and while they are popular food stuff 270 00:16:58,320 --> 00:17:00,120 Speaker 1: in the country, they do present a problem for some 271 00:17:00,200 --> 00:17:03,800 Speaker 1: of the native fish population and important commercial plants like 272 00:17:04,440 --> 00:17:08,159 Speaker 1: rice and lotus um. Farmers, knowing that the species is 273 00:17:08,280 --> 00:17:10,959 Speaker 1: invasive and destructive to their rice paddies, may still keep 274 00:17:11,000 --> 00:17:13,680 Speaker 1: a pond full of them because they make them more 275 00:17:13,760 --> 00:17:17,359 Speaker 1: money than the rice does. And I read interview with 276 00:17:17,520 --> 00:17:20,440 Speaker 1: one of the farmers that does this, and he said 277 00:17:20,480 --> 00:17:22,880 Speaker 1: he would prefer he makes more money off of crawfish 278 00:17:22,920 --> 00:17:24,960 Speaker 1: and if he could, that's all he would make his 279 00:17:25,000 --> 00:17:28,520 Speaker 1: money off, as opposed to rice. Rice ponds are a 280 00:17:28,560 --> 00:17:30,959 Speaker 1: great environment for crawfish. In Louisiana, a lot of flooded 281 00:17:31,040 --> 00:17:34,240 Speaker 1: rice fields have been turned into crawfish ponds, or some 282 00:17:34,359 --> 00:17:36,600 Speaker 1: farmers will do rice one year and then crawfish the 283 00:17:36,680 --> 00:17:40,399 Speaker 1: next and switch them back and forth. Yeah. Um. And 284 00:17:40,560 --> 00:17:44,560 Speaker 1: in recent years there has been some controversy over Chinese 285 00:17:44,600 --> 00:17:47,960 Speaker 1: crawfish and American stores appearing under names that imply that 286 00:17:48,080 --> 00:17:52,920 Speaker 1: they are from Louisiana. The Louisiana Crawfish Association claims that 287 00:17:53,119 --> 00:17:56,159 Speaker 1: Chinese crawfish are treated with an antibiotic band here in 288 00:17:56,160 --> 00:17:59,480 Speaker 1: the US chloram finnical. A law pass in the US 289 00:17:59,560 --> 00:18:01,960 Speaker 1: and too that than eight requires that when a patron 290 00:18:02,080 --> 00:18:05,840 Speaker 1: asked where a crawfish comes from at a Louisiana restaurant, 291 00:18:06,119 --> 00:18:10,440 Speaker 1: they have to tell you. It's called colloquially the ask 292 00:18:10,520 --> 00:18:14,879 Speaker 1: before you eat law. Yeah, but like Annie said earlier, 293 00:18:14,960 --> 00:18:17,920 Speaker 1: there are species of crawfish native to all lots of 294 00:18:18,000 --> 00:18:20,679 Speaker 1: places around the world. North America does have the highest 295 00:18:20,720 --> 00:18:24,440 Speaker 1: bio diversity of crawfish species, and some of the most 296 00:18:24,480 --> 00:18:28,360 Speaker 1: popular for eating crawfish have traditionally been on the less 297 00:18:28,440 --> 00:18:31,600 Speaker 1: popular end of the seafood industry, but it is expected 298 00:18:31,640 --> 00:18:36,000 Speaker 1: to grow globally in coming years. But that is the future. Yes, 299 00:18:36,480 --> 00:18:40,159 Speaker 1: let's look at the past. Let's but first let's look 300 00:18:40,200 --> 00:18:42,000 Speaker 1: at a quick break for a word from our sponsor. 301 00:18:52,320 --> 00:18:55,239 Speaker 1: And we're back. Thank you, sponsor, thank you, and we're 302 00:18:55,280 --> 00:18:59,639 Speaker 1: back with history. Yes, the ancient Greeks are said to 303 00:18:59,760 --> 00:19:02,360 Speaker 1: having joyed crawfish along with a bunch of other shellfish, 304 00:19:02,440 --> 00:19:06,040 Speaker 1: although the same words were often used interchangeably at the 305 00:19:06,119 --> 00:19:11,480 Speaker 1: time for freshwater crawfish and salt water lobsters of various sorts, 306 00:19:11,960 --> 00:19:18,120 Speaker 1: and even sometimes for crabs. So thanks for nothing, ancient Greeks. Yeah. Um. 307 00:19:18,720 --> 00:19:21,680 Speaker 1: We talked a bit about the Acadians, the ancestors of 308 00:19:21,720 --> 00:19:24,680 Speaker 1: the Cajuns that came from Canada down to Louisiana and 309 00:19:24,720 --> 00:19:28,000 Speaker 1: our Jumbalaya episode. They often get the credit for introducing 310 00:19:28,040 --> 00:19:30,920 Speaker 1: crawfish to Louisiana, but the indigenous people of the region, 311 00:19:31,000 --> 00:19:35,040 Speaker 1: we're certainly eating crawfish before they arrived, long before. Yeah. 312 00:19:35,200 --> 00:19:38,440 Speaker 1: They use reads baited with a venison to catch them. 313 00:19:38,800 --> 00:19:42,240 Speaker 1: When the Accadians arrived around seventeen fifty five, they quickly 314 00:19:42,320 --> 00:19:44,760 Speaker 1: discovered that the swamps and bayou that they settled near 315 00:19:44,800 --> 00:19:48,800 Speaker 1: were full of these weird looking things, and thanks to 316 00:19:48,880 --> 00:19:52,320 Speaker 1: their familiarity with lobster catching in Canada and their close 317 00:19:52,359 --> 00:19:55,040 Speaker 1: proximity with the indigenous peoples of the region, it didn't 318 00:19:55,080 --> 00:19:57,960 Speaker 1: take people long for them to become for crawfish to 319 00:19:58,000 --> 00:20:02,280 Speaker 1: become a favorite among the settlers. The first known record 320 00:20:02,920 --> 00:20:07,880 Speaker 1: of commercial crawfish in the States dates back to eighteen hundred, 321 00:20:08,480 --> 00:20:11,960 Speaker 1: twenty three thousand, four hundred pounds worth about two thousand, 322 00:20:12,040 --> 00:20:15,119 Speaker 1: one hundred forty dollars. According to this calculator I found, 323 00:20:15,720 --> 00:20:20,440 Speaker 1: that's about forty one thousand dollars in today's Although commercial 324 00:20:20,480 --> 00:20:22,600 Speaker 1: sales didn't really start until the eighteen hundreds, were coming 325 00:20:22,640 --> 00:20:25,000 Speaker 1: to a close with the introduction of larger nets that 326 00:20:25,160 --> 00:20:31,359 Speaker 1: made harvest easier. With the help of technological advances and industrialization, 327 00:20:31,760 --> 00:20:35,199 Speaker 1: the number of commercial crawfish reached eighty eight thousand pounds 328 00:20:35,680 --> 00:20:38,600 Speaker 1: valued at thirty six hundred dollars or over ninety three 329 00:20:38,720 --> 00:20:42,440 Speaker 1: thousand dollars in today's money, So that's a pretty big 330 00:20:42,520 --> 00:20:48,280 Speaker 1: boost there. Speaking of industrialization, commercial crawfish farming in man 331 00:20:48,400 --> 00:20:51,480 Speaker 1: made ponds got its start in the nineteen sixties, which 332 00:20:51,960 --> 00:20:56,000 Speaker 1: really upped the quality of of crawfish production. Before then, 333 00:20:56,080 --> 00:20:59,240 Speaker 1: crawfish we're we're really just harvested from their native environments, 334 00:20:59,400 --> 00:21:02,160 Speaker 1: and this was the first time that people were using 335 00:21:02,600 --> 00:21:06,600 Speaker 1: aquaculture to farm crawfish. It was partially due to interest 336 00:21:06,960 --> 00:21:10,320 Speaker 1: and partially because with the rise of mass industry, many 337 00:21:10,440 --> 00:21:13,480 Speaker 1: rivers around the world became too polluted for crawfish to 338 00:21:13,600 --> 00:21:18,520 Speaker 1: survive on their own, and from there the industry only 339 00:21:18,600 --> 00:21:22,359 Speaker 1: grew and is now the largest freshwater crustacean industry in 340 00:21:22,480 --> 00:21:26,000 Speaker 1: the country. Before this innovation, crawfish had been deemed a 341 00:21:26,359 --> 00:21:29,359 Speaker 1: poor man's food um. Up to this point, for a 342 00:21:29,440 --> 00:21:31,800 Speaker 1: lot of people, crawfish was the bait you would use 343 00:21:31,880 --> 00:21:37,400 Speaker 1: to catch actual quote food um. But the nineteen sixties 344 00:21:37,440 --> 00:21:39,520 Speaker 1: and man made ponds changed that, and of course the 345 00:21:39,600 --> 00:21:42,560 Speaker 1: price rose from about five cents a pound to about 346 00:21:42,560 --> 00:21:44,560 Speaker 1: twenty five cents a pound or around two dollars in 347 00:21:44,600 --> 00:21:48,440 Speaker 1: today's money. Nine sixties saw the first broad Bridge Crawfish 348 00:21:48,560 --> 00:21:52,800 Speaker 1: Festival to celebrate Bura Bridge being dubbed Crawfish Capital of 349 00:21:52,960 --> 00:21:57,280 Speaker 1: the World. The festival's goal was to improve the reputation 350 00:21:57,760 --> 00:22:00,920 Speaker 1: of the crawfish, and it still takes every year to 351 00:22:01,080 --> 00:22:04,280 Speaker 1: this day. A court of crawfish Royalty is chosen. The 352 00:22:04,359 --> 00:22:07,639 Speaker 1: queen gets to wear this fantastic cape and wheeld a scepter. 353 00:22:07,760 --> 00:22:09,359 Speaker 1: I've never realized how much I want to wield a 354 00:22:09,359 --> 00:22:13,439 Speaker 1: scepter until doing these episodes. USA Today listed it as 355 00:22:13,560 --> 00:22:16,280 Speaker 1: one of the top ten food festivals in the US, 356 00:22:16,720 --> 00:22:18,200 Speaker 1: so if you ever have a chance to check it out, 357 00:22:19,040 --> 00:22:22,080 Speaker 1: do so. Do so absolutely. A couple of years into 358 00:22:22,160 --> 00:22:26,080 Speaker 1: the sixties, A J. Judas Jr. A k a. The 359 00:22:26,200 --> 00:22:30,159 Speaker 1: Crazy Frenchman, imported bags of crawfish from Brokebridge to his 360 00:22:30,400 --> 00:22:35,000 Speaker 1: family Port Arthur store Judases French Market. After he opened 361 00:22:35,040 --> 00:22:37,840 Speaker 1: his second store in Night, he served them there too. 362 00:22:38,000 --> 00:22:39,560 Speaker 1: And the main reason I wanted to touch on this 363 00:22:39,720 --> 00:22:43,600 Speaker 1: is because in nineteen sixty three, Judas introduced Texas to 364 00:22:43,680 --> 00:22:50,040 Speaker 1: the sport of crawfish racing. I'll say it again, crawfish racing. 365 00:22:51,040 --> 00:22:56,960 Speaker 1: Crawfish racing, crawfish racing. A Texas governor, no joke, appointed 366 00:22:57,040 --> 00:23:03,080 Speaker 1: Judas a Texas crawfish Racing Commissioner. His reasoning to quote, 367 00:23:03,560 --> 00:23:06,960 Speaker 1: ensure that no one scrupulous characters got until the crawl 368 00:23:07,080 --> 00:23:10,680 Speaker 1: fish racing industry in their great state of Texas. I 369 00:23:10,800 --> 00:23:14,399 Speaker 1: apologize to everyone from Texas. I'm really bad at Southern 370 00:23:14,440 --> 00:23:20,160 Speaker 1: accents and I can't differentiate. I gave it a swing 371 00:23:20,240 --> 00:23:24,840 Speaker 1: and I missed. It's It's okay. I I think I think, 372 00:23:24,960 --> 00:23:28,640 Speaker 1: you know, like the feeling was there, yeah, yeah, the passion. 373 00:23:29,200 --> 00:23:34,680 Speaker 1: Thank you, Lauren, You're welcome. Thank you. Um. Louisianan's elected 374 00:23:34,720 --> 00:23:38,680 Speaker 1: their first Cajun governor, Edwin Edwards, in nineteen seventy two, 375 00:23:39,320 --> 00:23:43,159 Speaker 1: and his campaign slogan was Cajun power, and the image 376 00:23:43,160 --> 00:23:46,000 Speaker 1: it commonly came with was of a clenched fist, reminiscent 377 00:23:46,080 --> 00:23:48,639 Speaker 1: of the Black Power fist, but in the fist was 378 00:23:48,720 --> 00:23:54,240 Speaker 1: a crawfish. About a decade later, in nineteen three, Louisiana 379 00:23:54,320 --> 00:23:58,000 Speaker 1: became the first state to have a state crustacean, the crawfish. 380 00:23:58,400 --> 00:24:02,800 Speaker 1: Five other states in this our glorious Union have official 381 00:24:02,840 --> 00:24:07,840 Speaker 1: crustaceans crabs in Maryland and Oregon, shrimp in Alabama and Texas, 382 00:24:08,000 --> 00:24:11,200 Speaker 1: and lobsters in Maine. I went on a serious rabbit 383 00:24:11,240 --> 00:24:16,400 Speaker 1: hole about this. I love this stuff. It's pretty excellent 384 00:24:16,480 --> 00:24:20,639 Speaker 1: and ridiculous. With even more technological innovations in the nineteen 385 00:24:20,680 --> 00:24:23,560 Speaker 1: eighties that allowed the safe shipping of live crawfish around 386 00:24:23,600 --> 00:24:27,399 Speaker 1: the country, popularity of them drove up even more. UM 387 00:24:27,560 --> 00:24:29,800 Speaker 1: Paul Prudom, who we've mentioned a couple of times, he 388 00:24:29,960 --> 00:24:34,440 Speaker 1: helped introduce this ingredient to a wider audience, and in March, 389 00:24:35,800 --> 00:24:41,679 Speaker 1: Louisiana Lieutenant Governor pardoned Emily the crawfish, saving her from 390 00:24:41,760 --> 00:24:45,840 Speaker 1: boiling at the inaugural Crawfish Pardoning, brought to you by 391 00:24:46,240 --> 00:24:50,400 Speaker 1: her hands. So they're going to parton a crawfish now, 392 00:24:50,720 --> 00:24:55,359 Speaker 1: Allah the Turkey once a year. Yeah, that's it's lovely, 393 00:24:55,880 --> 00:24:59,359 Speaker 1: live free Emily, I said, Emily, but I believe it's Emily. 394 00:25:00,320 --> 00:25:06,560 Speaker 1: I mean, who I don't French. I apologize. We we 395 00:25:06,680 --> 00:25:09,840 Speaker 1: have some more crawfish science for you, but first we've 396 00:25:09,880 --> 00:25:12,000 Speaker 1: got one more quick break for a word from our sponsor, 397 00:25:23,000 --> 00:25:27,080 Speaker 1: and we're back. Thank you sponsor. So okay. The science 398 00:25:27,119 --> 00:25:33,520 Speaker 1: section on this one is about mutants and genetics gone 399 00:25:33,520 --> 00:25:42,240 Speaker 1: awry and fear m bald crawfish fear. Yeah. Here are 400 00:25:42,280 --> 00:25:46,359 Speaker 1: some headlines for you. From the BBC. New crayfish that 401 00:25:46,440 --> 00:25:50,440 Speaker 1: doesn't need males to mate becomes all powerful From the 402 00:25:50,520 --> 00:25:53,840 Speaker 1: a j C. Who needs a man? All female mutant 403 00:25:53,880 --> 00:25:58,280 Speaker 1: crayfish taking over the world scientists say. From Science Magazine 404 00:25:58,560 --> 00:26:01,159 Speaker 1: an aquarium accident may have give him this crayfish the 405 00:26:01,240 --> 00:26:05,040 Speaker 1: DNA to take over the world. And from the Guardian 406 00:26:05,400 --> 00:26:12,720 Speaker 1: shall shock why crayfish replicants aren't taking over? Oh my goodness. Yeah, 407 00:26:12,760 --> 00:26:16,040 Speaker 1: we need to batten down the hatches. Apparently we need 408 00:26:16,119 --> 00:26:21,080 Speaker 1: to take some crawfish slash crayfish protection. We need to 409 00:26:21,119 --> 00:26:25,320 Speaker 1: figure some things out law and we do. Maybe this 410 00:26:25,480 --> 00:26:27,200 Speaker 1: is maybe this is what clone Nanny is working on. 411 00:26:27,640 --> 00:26:33,720 Speaker 1: Oh my gosh, she's probably behind this somehow. Okay, what 412 00:26:34,119 --> 00:26:39,160 Speaker 1: what is actually going on here? Okay, well, this whole 413 00:26:39,280 --> 00:26:41,960 Speaker 1: thing got started at a German pet shop in the 414 00:26:42,040 --> 00:26:43,960 Speaker 1: nineteen nineties. And I would just like to say that 415 00:26:44,040 --> 00:26:46,080 Speaker 1: that sounds exactly like how a whole lot of heart 416 00:26:46,119 --> 00:26:51,960 Speaker 1: would we start, and or comic books. Okay, yeah, this 417 00:26:52,119 --> 00:26:54,800 Speaker 1: is like a superhero origin story. It is or the 418 00:26:54,880 --> 00:26:58,600 Speaker 1: beginning of the end of the world. I'm not comforting anyone, 419 00:26:59,040 --> 00:27:01,800 Speaker 1: all right. So one of the female crayfish, and I'm 420 00:27:01,800 --> 00:27:03,840 Speaker 1: probably gonna start saying crayfish because that it's the more 421 00:27:03,880 --> 00:27:07,520 Speaker 1: popular term. That is what almost all of these articles used. Okay, 422 00:27:07,960 --> 00:27:10,600 Speaker 1: One of the female crayfish in the aquarium and ancestor 423 00:27:10,720 --> 00:27:13,879 Speaker 1: of the slough crayfish found in Florida and Georgia mutated, 424 00:27:14,400 --> 00:27:16,760 Speaker 1: gaining an extra pair of chromosomes, which may or may 425 00:27:16,800 --> 00:27:19,760 Speaker 1: not be the actual cause of their new foundability to 426 00:27:20,280 --> 00:27:23,840 Speaker 1: reproduce a sexually. Yeah, because they can reproduce a sexually 427 00:27:23,880 --> 00:27:28,240 Speaker 1: now they can um This mutation allows them to reproduce 428 00:27:28,280 --> 00:27:31,520 Speaker 1: without males, hundreds of eggs at once, all clones and 429 00:27:31,640 --> 00:27:35,320 Speaker 1: all of those offspring had the same mutation. In three months, 430 00:27:35,400 --> 00:27:38,720 Speaker 1: one will multiply into two hundred or three hundred. Wow. 431 00:27:39,080 --> 00:27:42,040 Speaker 1: The species is known as the marbled crayfish. And again 432 00:27:42,080 --> 00:27:45,480 Speaker 1: it's like parasite e. Parasite eve comes up again. Who knew? 433 00:27:46,080 --> 00:27:48,720 Speaker 1: For a while they were really popular in the pet business, 434 00:27:49,359 --> 00:27:54,000 Speaker 1: particularly in Germany, sometimes known there as the Texas crayfish, 435 00:27:54,560 --> 00:27:58,119 Speaker 1: but more commonly as of two thousand three, marmal cribs. 436 00:27:59,080 --> 00:28:02,560 Speaker 1: But they would pretty rapidly overfill your aquarium, as you 437 00:28:02,680 --> 00:28:05,960 Speaker 1: might guess, so people were releasing them into the wild. Yeah, 438 00:28:06,040 --> 00:28:09,879 Speaker 1: we're spread. Don't do that, I mean, right then what 439 00:28:10,000 --> 00:28:13,520 Speaker 1: do you do? Oh goodness, have a crawfish boil like 440 00:28:13,760 --> 00:28:18,479 Speaker 1: every week? Oh my goodness. Um. Yeah, So they were 441 00:28:18,520 --> 00:28:20,480 Speaker 1: released into the wild, and they spread and spread and 442 00:28:21,320 --> 00:28:25,680 Speaker 1: and they threatened other wild species of crawfish. And North 443 00:28:25,720 --> 00:28:29,720 Speaker 1: America you can buy marbled crayfish. This is so strange, 444 00:28:29,760 --> 00:28:33,680 Speaker 1: switching back and forth. Um. Apart from uh in two 445 00:28:33,760 --> 00:28:36,040 Speaker 1: states that have banned the sale of them, but you're 446 00:28:36,119 --> 00:28:38,840 Speaker 1: warned against keeping them as pets, and you can't sell 447 00:28:38,920 --> 00:28:41,880 Speaker 1: them at all. In the European Union. They are a 448 00:28:41,920 --> 00:28:45,080 Speaker 1: particular problem with Madagascar. Since they first arrived in two 449 00:28:45,120 --> 00:28:48,400 Speaker 1: thousand seven. There are now millions of them, and seven 450 00:28:48,720 --> 00:28:53,640 Speaker 1: native species are threatened for added sci fi adnus. The 451 00:28:53,760 --> 00:28:56,520 Speaker 1: ones found in the US are blue, like bright blue, 452 00:28:56,680 --> 00:29:00,240 Speaker 1: bright like blueberry blue. Yeah, which it seems has to 453 00:29:00,320 --> 00:29:05,240 Speaker 1: do with how much they socialize, which is excellent because 454 00:29:05,280 --> 00:29:13,520 Speaker 1: they're blue because they have no friends. See. And another 455 00:29:13,520 --> 00:29:15,600 Speaker 1: pretty great thing is that they're often compared to Star 456 00:29:15,680 --> 00:29:21,480 Speaker 1: Trek's triples. Oh yeah, they're like spiny clawed triples. Yeah. 457 00:29:22,000 --> 00:29:24,360 Speaker 1: And if you're not familiar with Star Trek, what can 458 00:29:24,440 --> 00:29:26,920 Speaker 1: you explain what triples are? Oh, triples are these little, 459 00:29:27,000 --> 00:29:29,440 Speaker 1: these little fuzzy puff balls about maybe like the size 460 00:29:29,440 --> 00:29:32,160 Speaker 1: of a softball. Um, a little bit ob longer than that, 461 00:29:32,360 --> 00:29:34,880 Speaker 1: I suppose. And uh, yeah, there's a whole trouble with 462 00:29:34,960 --> 00:29:37,440 Speaker 1: triples that happens in the original Star Trek and is 463 00:29:37,480 --> 00:29:41,000 Speaker 1: then revisited um on the show Deep Space nine. Uh, 464 00:29:41,320 --> 00:29:45,480 Speaker 1: where it's it's nothing but confusing cling on makeup and 465 00:29:46,400 --> 00:29:51,200 Speaker 1: mini skirts and triples everywhere. Because they also they reproduce, 466 00:29:51,680 --> 00:29:55,280 Speaker 1: I don't know, very quickly, very quickly. It's never I 467 00:29:55,320 --> 00:29:58,480 Speaker 1: don't think it's ever made really explicitly clear if it's 468 00:29:58,520 --> 00:30:03,160 Speaker 1: like a budding process or like like Gremlins. I did 469 00:30:03,240 --> 00:30:08,360 Speaker 1: see a lot of Gremlins references. Yeah, yeah, trials and tribulations. Trials, right, 470 00:30:08,520 --> 00:30:13,200 Speaker 1: that's the name of the Deep Space nine episode. Right. Anyway, 471 00:30:13,280 --> 00:30:16,600 Speaker 1: back on track, Some scientists think the marbled crayfish could 472 00:30:16,640 --> 00:30:20,240 Speaker 1: provide some insight into the development and growth of tumors. 473 00:30:21,440 --> 00:30:24,160 Speaker 1: The DNA has been sequenced in everything um, which is 474 00:30:24,200 --> 00:30:27,560 Speaker 1: a first for crayfish and any of its close relatives. 475 00:30:27,680 --> 00:30:32,720 Speaker 1: The process took years and was not easy. Another mystery 476 00:30:32,840 --> 00:30:35,360 Speaker 1: of the natural world that scientists are hoping the marbled 477 00:30:35,360 --> 00:30:38,840 Speaker 1: crayfish will help solve the reason why so many animals 478 00:30:38,920 --> 00:30:43,200 Speaker 1: have sex. A sexual female cloning species only make up 479 00:30:43,200 --> 00:30:46,040 Speaker 1: about one and ten thousand species, and the residing theory 480 00:30:46,080 --> 00:30:48,560 Speaker 1: for that is that they don't last a long. Um 481 00:30:48,720 --> 00:30:52,800 Speaker 1: that maybe having sex gives you exposes you to more germs. 482 00:30:53,360 --> 00:30:56,200 Speaker 1: Well and and and yeah, the different differentiation in indianna 483 00:30:56,640 --> 00:30:59,160 Speaker 1: can help give you, um, you know, can help you 484 00:30:59,240 --> 00:31:02,600 Speaker 1: evolve and give you chances that getting a good evolution 485 00:31:03,320 --> 00:31:06,360 Speaker 1: are a good mutation rather sorry yeah, um and since 486 00:31:06,480 --> 00:31:09,680 Speaker 1: this is a newish species, scientists are watching pretty closely 487 00:31:09,760 --> 00:31:14,320 Speaker 1: to see what's gonna happen. Um. Yeah. I also read 488 00:31:14,520 --> 00:31:18,320 Speaker 1: that the mutation perhaps It didn't happen in Germany at all, 489 00:31:18,680 --> 00:31:21,720 Speaker 1: but in the US, and from there the owner of 490 00:31:21,800 --> 00:31:25,000 Speaker 1: this mutated crayfish gave all the offspring to pet stores, 491 00:31:25,080 --> 00:31:27,560 Speaker 1: some of which passed them along to Europe, and then 492 00:31:28,480 --> 00:31:31,600 Speaker 1: maybe the Germany story picks up. They definitely were popular 493 00:31:31,760 --> 00:31:34,240 Speaker 1: in Germany, and there's definitely a lot of references to 494 00:31:35,120 --> 00:31:38,520 Speaker 1: an aquarium in Germany. This genuinely sounds like a Michael 495 00:31:38,520 --> 00:31:40,800 Speaker 1: Crichton novel, Like I know that we were making jokes 496 00:31:40,800 --> 00:31:44,880 Speaker 1: about Jurassic Park earlier, but like life finds a way 497 00:31:44,960 --> 00:31:48,520 Speaker 1: and yeah, like the frogs becoming yeah, a sexual, and 498 00:31:48,600 --> 00:31:53,120 Speaker 1: the all the dinosaurs are female? Are female? Yeah, but 499 00:31:53,240 --> 00:31:58,520 Speaker 1: they found it but they oh and also unrelated probably 500 00:31:58,760 --> 00:32:01,400 Speaker 1: of probably does anyone and else remember that story from 501 00:32:01,440 --> 00:32:04,719 Speaker 1: about a year ago of an army of crawdads Now 502 00:32:04,800 --> 00:32:07,880 Speaker 1: I'm saying craw dads roaming the streets of New Mexico 503 00:32:08,360 --> 00:32:11,560 Speaker 1: even though there was no source of water nearby. Does anyone? 504 00:32:12,120 --> 00:32:14,240 Speaker 1: I had no idea what you were talking about, but 505 00:32:14,320 --> 00:32:15,560 Speaker 1: you wrote it in the notes and I went and 506 00:32:15,640 --> 00:32:18,080 Speaker 1: looked it up, and the I mean, yeah, the news 507 00:32:18,120 --> 00:32:21,880 Speaker 1: stories about it are like are like, well, I was 508 00:32:22,200 --> 00:32:23,960 Speaker 1: hanging out in my driveway, and then I noticed that 509 00:32:24,000 --> 00:32:27,800 Speaker 1: a whole bunch of crawfish were strolling down the street, 510 00:32:29,080 --> 00:32:32,160 Speaker 1: and so I started putting them in buckets and putting 511 00:32:32,200 --> 00:32:34,600 Speaker 1: them in the local drainage ditch so that they wouldn't 512 00:32:34,720 --> 00:32:37,400 Speaker 1: dry out. That's it. I mean, it was just like, like, 513 00:32:37,520 --> 00:32:40,400 Speaker 1: no one knows why all these crawfish were just like 514 00:32:42,440 --> 00:32:45,960 Speaker 1: down the road, but they were. Perhaps we should be 515 00:32:46,080 --> 00:32:52,760 Speaker 1: taking them a little more seriously, That's all I can say. Oh, man, 516 00:32:53,360 --> 00:32:57,120 Speaker 1: well that is our crawfish episode. And it was so 517 00:32:57,440 --> 00:33:01,880 Speaker 1: fun to research. Oh yeah, I um. It also made 518 00:33:01,920 --> 00:33:05,640 Speaker 1: me really excited to do a lobster episode, because lobsters 519 00:33:05,680 --> 00:33:11,200 Speaker 1: are similar but different enough that they're super fascinating. And yeah, 520 00:33:12,160 --> 00:33:14,920 Speaker 1: I guess if crawfish is a kind of regionalized term, 521 00:33:15,080 --> 00:33:17,880 Speaker 1: hundry of people were like, oh, it's crayfish the whole time. 522 00:33:18,240 --> 00:33:21,000 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, sorry about it, folks. Yeah, I wasn't, really, 523 00:33:21,040 --> 00:33:22,960 Speaker 1: like I said, it wasn't really introduced to them until 524 00:33:23,000 --> 00:33:26,040 Speaker 1: I came to Atlanta. And so therefore, even though I'm 525 00:33:26,120 --> 00:33:29,480 Speaker 1: from South Florida and the North, I picked up the 526 00:33:29,520 --> 00:33:33,600 Speaker 1: word crawfish because that's what everyone here calls them. Yeah, 527 00:33:34,760 --> 00:33:37,240 Speaker 1: at least at least I haven't like southernized enough to 528 00:33:37,280 --> 00:33:40,360 Speaker 1: the point that I'm like crawl of daddies. Not yeah, 529 00:33:40,440 --> 00:33:43,400 Speaker 1: not yet. There's always time. There's always time. And as 530 00:33:43,480 --> 00:33:46,800 Speaker 1: you learn, once you say crawl daddies, that's when you 531 00:33:46,880 --> 00:33:51,360 Speaker 1: have the method of eating them down. It's the evolution 532 00:33:51,440 --> 00:33:55,440 Speaker 1: of language. Yes, yes, perfect. We look forward to that 533 00:33:55,560 --> 00:33:57,800 Speaker 1: thing we do, and in the meanwhile, this brings us 534 00:33:57,840 --> 00:34:08,120 Speaker 1: to listen. Man, I got really confused at the end. 535 00:34:08,200 --> 00:34:11,319 Speaker 1: There he did. I liked it. Yeah, yeah, alright, sure, 536 00:34:14,400 --> 00:34:17,080 Speaker 1: I gotta support you. Oh, thank you, thank you. Annie. 537 00:34:17,280 --> 00:34:19,840 Speaker 1: Um okay, Paul wrote, and I posted this on Twitter, 538 00:34:19,920 --> 00:34:21,640 Speaker 1: but I wanted to say it in the podcasts. It's 539 00:34:21,719 --> 00:34:25,640 Speaker 1: real good. Um, imagine my surprise on my favorite podcast 540 00:34:25,680 --> 00:34:30,000 Speaker 1: talked about my favorite medieval personality test humors. But I 541 00:34:30,040 --> 00:34:32,239 Speaker 1: can't believe Harry Potter came up and you didn't mention 542 00:34:32,320 --> 00:34:34,759 Speaker 1: that the four Hogwarts houses are aligned with the four 543 00:34:35,000 --> 00:34:42,320 Speaker 1: humors don't even occur to me. So Griffin door is sanguine, courageous, impulsive, 544 00:34:42,400 --> 00:34:46,279 Speaker 1: acting before they think. So Learn is choleric, ambitious, quick 545 00:34:46,320 --> 00:34:49,800 Speaker 1: to get angry. Raven claws are melancholic, intelligent, quiet and 546 00:34:49,880 --> 00:34:53,719 Speaker 1: serious and of course, Hufflepuff is somatic, peaceful, reliable and kind. 547 00:34:53,960 --> 00:34:57,120 Speaker 1: That makes sense. Did your humorous quiz line up with 548 00:34:57,200 --> 00:34:59,600 Speaker 1: your Hogwarts house? Why? Yes, it did, Paul Griffin door 549 00:34:59,680 --> 00:35:03,680 Speaker 1: and saying mean, um, he goes on. I did my 550 00:35:03,880 --> 00:35:06,200 Speaker 1: master's degree in Scotland and was one of four people 551 00:35:06,280 --> 00:35:08,839 Speaker 1: in my cohort. The four of us fit perfectly into 552 00:35:08,880 --> 00:35:12,160 Speaker 1: the different humors. Our strength and weaknesses lined up completely 553 00:35:12,200 --> 00:35:14,520 Speaker 1: with every chart we could find. And I think that's 554 00:35:14,560 --> 00:35:16,360 Speaker 1: why the four of us got along and work together 555 00:35:16,480 --> 00:35:21,080 Speaker 1: so well. We were perfectly balanced. Oh man, see, I 556 00:35:21,120 --> 00:35:23,360 Speaker 1: don't I don't know. I didn't. I never took that quiz. 557 00:35:23,400 --> 00:35:25,880 Speaker 1: I guess I need to now. But my I'm definitely 558 00:35:25,880 --> 00:35:30,080 Speaker 1: a hufflepuff. I'm like one percent hufflebuff all day, every day. 559 00:35:30,719 --> 00:35:35,279 Speaker 1: And uh but I consider myself melancholic in terms of 560 00:35:35,360 --> 00:35:38,160 Speaker 1: the humors. So but I do think that the sorting 561 00:35:38,200 --> 00:35:40,480 Speaker 1: hat would be like, you're a raven claw and I 562 00:35:40,520 --> 00:35:44,960 Speaker 1: would be like, but cookies. I feel like there's there's 563 00:35:45,000 --> 00:35:47,799 Speaker 1: almost um, you kind of have a duel. You can 564 00:35:47,840 --> 00:35:50,680 Speaker 1: have a dual thing, go oh sure, yeah, yeah, you 565 00:35:50,760 --> 00:35:54,000 Speaker 1: can be like I'm mostly this, but I've got this too. 566 00:35:54,280 --> 00:35:57,640 Speaker 1: Oh yeah, yeah, My I consider my official house to 567 00:35:57,680 --> 00:36:03,080 Speaker 1: be puffle Claw. Puffle Claw. That's a good one. I 568 00:36:03,160 --> 00:36:09,040 Speaker 1: can see that. Yeah. Anyway, Pascal wrote, and I hope 569 00:36:09,080 --> 00:36:11,239 Speaker 1: that I just said your name correctly. I was just 570 00:36:11,400 --> 00:36:14,240 Speaker 1: listening to the Willy Wonka episode and had some interesting 571 00:36:14,400 --> 00:36:18,760 Speaker 1: backstory to share and roll Dolls autobiography boy. He explains 572 00:36:18,760 --> 00:36:20,719 Speaker 1: that part of the inspiration for the book was his 573 00:36:20,840 --> 00:36:23,399 Speaker 1: time at boarding school. His school was one of those 574 00:36:23,480 --> 00:36:26,279 Speaker 1: chosen by Cadbury as a sort of testing ground for 575 00:36:26,560 --> 00:36:29,960 Speaker 1: new products. The boys would perceive boxes of chocolate bars, 576 00:36:30,040 --> 00:36:32,440 Speaker 1: along with a rubric on which to record their thoughts 577 00:36:32,520 --> 00:36:36,400 Speaker 1: and suggestions for each bar. Seems like a child's dream, 578 00:36:37,760 --> 00:36:40,719 Speaker 1: and it does. It really does. Goodness. Yeah, that's a 579 00:36:41,160 --> 00:36:44,839 Speaker 1: that's an intense childhood experience to have. That sounds great. 580 00:36:45,120 --> 00:36:47,240 Speaker 1: I never had anything like that happened in my school. 581 00:36:47,800 --> 00:36:51,960 Speaker 1: Me neither. It's probably for the best, I imagine, so, yes, 582 00:36:53,080 --> 00:36:57,120 Speaker 1: and we we wanted to to again let everyone know 583 00:36:57,680 --> 00:36:59,680 Speaker 1: that Lauren and I will be at the Atlanta Food 584 00:36:59,719 --> 00:37:03,440 Speaker 1: and Water in Atlanta, as you might guess, in midtown Atlanta. 585 00:37:03,880 --> 00:37:07,880 Speaker 1: It's taking place Thursday one through Sunday, June three. If 586 00:37:07,920 --> 00:37:11,600 Speaker 1: anyone is around and wants to come say hi potentially, yeah, yeah, 587 00:37:11,680 --> 00:37:14,439 Speaker 1: come to be beyond the lookout. We'll we'll be there. 588 00:37:14,800 --> 00:37:17,879 Speaker 1: We will be We'll be trying to eat as many 589 00:37:17,960 --> 00:37:20,480 Speaker 1: things as possible and drink as many things as possible 590 00:37:21,080 --> 00:37:26,319 Speaker 1: while mitigating somehow the fact that it's largely outdoors and warm. Yeah, 591 00:37:26,440 --> 00:37:29,040 Speaker 1: as it's Atlanta. But I think we can do it. 592 00:37:29,400 --> 00:37:32,000 Speaker 1: I think so, I think so, But look for look 593 00:37:32,040 --> 00:37:34,200 Speaker 1: for updates on that. Um, we're very excited to go 594 00:37:34,520 --> 00:37:36,760 Speaker 1: so yeah yeah, and to take some of the classes 595 00:37:36,920 --> 00:37:39,160 Speaker 1: that are yeah yeah, or go to some of the 596 00:37:39,400 --> 00:37:42,800 Speaker 1: lectures that they have their very exciting stuff. Yes. So 597 00:37:43,040 --> 00:37:45,759 Speaker 1: thanks to our listeners for writing in. If you would 598 00:37:45,800 --> 00:37:47,880 Speaker 1: like to write in, you can do so our emails 599 00:37:47,920 --> 00:37:50,440 Speaker 1: food Stuff at house to dot com, or also on 600 00:37:50,520 --> 00:37:53,200 Speaker 1: social media. You can find us on Twitter and Facebook 601 00:37:53,280 --> 00:37:56,120 Speaker 1: at food stuff hs W stands for how stuff Works, 602 00:37:56,320 --> 00:38:00,359 Speaker 1: and also on Instagram at food stuff. We to hear 603 00:38:00,400 --> 00:38:03,200 Speaker 1: from you. Thank you as always to our super producer 604 00:38:03,600 --> 00:38:07,400 Speaker 1: Dylan Fagan, who hasn't tried crawfish because he had to 605 00:38:07,600 --> 00:38:12,280 Speaker 1: dissect them in school. Yeah. I couldn't eat chicken wings 606 00:38:12,360 --> 00:38:14,879 Speaker 1: for years for the same reason. Really, I was real 607 00:38:14,960 --> 00:38:18,759 Speaker 1: mad about the texture oh, this might also be like 608 00:38:18,880 --> 00:38:23,000 Speaker 1: the origin of my thing against cooking meat. Anyway, Huh, 609 00:38:23,120 --> 00:38:25,960 Speaker 1: you've got some things to think about. Thanks to him 610 00:38:26,000 --> 00:38:27,600 Speaker 1: for all of the wonderful work he does. Thank you 611 00:38:27,719 --> 00:38:30,120 Speaker 1: to you for listening, and we hope that lots more 612 00:38:30,160 --> 00:38:31,520 Speaker 1: good things are coming your way.