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Speaker 1: Brought to you by the reinvented two thousand twelve Camray.

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Speaker 1: It's ready. Are you welcome to step Mom? Never told you?

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Speaker 1: From House topbords dot com. Colly, and welcome to the podcast.

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Speaker 1: This is Molly and I'm Kristin Kristen. Today are our

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Speaker 1: topic is abortion and you and I are determined to

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Speaker 1: make this politics free as possible if you know, may

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Speaker 1: not be possible, but that's what we're gonna do. We're

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Speaker 1: gonna ignore current events for a moment and just talk

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Speaker 1: about what happens when you're in a doctor's office to

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Speaker 1: get an abortion. And to start things off, I will

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Speaker 1: I will tell a little lighthearted anecdote. Um, I'm going

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Speaker 1: to admit to googling myself. I think we all do

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Speaker 1: it every now and I do what you gotta check

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Speaker 1: up and see see what's gonna make your no one's

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Speaker 1: talking smack about you? Right? So, Um, I googled myself

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Speaker 1: recently and at the bottom when it's related searches to

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Speaker 1: the search term Molly Edmund abortion, Molly Edmonds comes up

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Speaker 1: and I was like what, But then I remembered I

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Speaker 1: wrote how abortion works for our site how stuff Works

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Speaker 1: dot com. Right, So, apparently, people who I don't know

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Speaker 1: if they're just looking for this article and I know

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Speaker 1: I wrote it, and so it goes abortion Molly Edmonds.

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Speaker 1: But it's a common search term apparently. And UM, I'm

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Speaker 1: happy to be associated with this article because I'm proud

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Speaker 1: of it. A lot of research went into it to

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Speaker 1: take out the politics. As we just mentioned, I wanted

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Speaker 1: it to be as straightforward as possible, and so that's

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Speaker 1: what we're going to present, a straightforward look at abortion,

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Speaker 1: right because I would argue that the public is probably

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Speaker 1: more familiar with the political debate around abortion than they

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Speaker 1: are about the actual procedure. I think it's the most

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Speaker 1: common procedure that's not actually talked about. And in fact,

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Speaker 1: before we came in here, I was trying to find

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Speaker 1: more information about therapeutic abortion, which is when there's a

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Speaker 1: health reason for terminating a pregnancy, and it's very hard

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Speaker 1: to find any accounts it. Um, you know, it's just

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Speaker 1: not talked about. And UM, we're gonna get behind the

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Speaker 1: arguments about pro life, pro choice however you want to

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Speaker 1: put it, and just talk about what happens when you

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Speaker 1: get abortions, who's having them, why they're having them, how

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Speaker 1: they have them right because we talked about planned parenthood

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Speaker 1: way back when, but on most people associates in parenthood

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Speaker 1: with birth control and abortion. So today we are going

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Speaker 1: to talk about really what happens. And here's the thing.

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Speaker 1: It happens a lot. Just to toss out some statistics

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Speaker 1: since we love statistics. UM. In the US alone, UM

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Speaker 1: half of the six million pregnancies that occur each year

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Speaker 1: are unplanned, and about one point three million of those

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Speaker 1: unplanned pregnancies and an abortion. And according to the Gootmaker Institute,

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Speaker 1: about one third of women in the US will have

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Speaker 1: an abortion by the age of forty one in three.

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Speaker 1: One in three pretty staggering, and worldwide, not just the US,

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Speaker 1: about two percent of all reproductive aged women have an

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Speaker 1: abortion each year. So what kind of woman is having

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Speaker 1: an abortion? According to the Gootmaker Institute in the US,

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Speaker 1: that woman is young. The women who have an abortion

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Speaker 1: the U S are under the age of UH, more

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Speaker 1: likely to be unmarried than married. Lower class. The abortion

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Speaker 1: rate for poor women is four times higher than that

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Speaker 1: of women living above the poverty line. UH. The woman

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Speaker 1: who is likely have abortion probably has at least one

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Speaker 1: child already. Six of abortions are performed on women who

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Speaker 1: are already mothers, and she reports not using contraceptives properly,

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Speaker 1: if at all. And it's pretty spread across UH racial

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Speaker 1: demographics are attributed to black women percent, to white women,

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Speaker 1: to Hispanic women. And here's the thing that um, I

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Speaker 1: think it's important to keep in mind, especially when we do.

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Speaker 1: You know, I'll side of the podcast get talking about

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Speaker 1: the politics involved in all of this. Abortion is one

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Speaker 1: of the most common surgical procedures for women, and yet

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Speaker 1: we are so uncomfortable talking about what actually happens. And

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Speaker 1: that's one of the main reasons that Molly and I

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Speaker 1: wanted to talk about it today, because you don't think

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Speaker 1: about that. We know that abortion happens, but consider that

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Speaker 1: one of the most common surgical procedures for women, right

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Speaker 1: and so if you're let's say, you take a pregnancy test,

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Speaker 1: you get it back, you're pregnant, you don't want to be,

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Speaker 1: and you decide to pursue an abortion, where you start

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Speaker 1: looking a local plan Parenthood, as we mentioned, is a

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Speaker 1: great place to start. A family planning clinic if there's

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Speaker 1: not one in your area, can contact just your O,

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Speaker 1: B G Y in and ask for a referral or

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Speaker 1: maybe she'll do it. Midwives, nurse practitioners. They are licensed

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Speaker 1: to do abortion, so there's a wide variety of medical

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Speaker 1: professionals that can do it. The Gootmacher Institute estimates that

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Speaker 1: the average amount paid for an abortion in the United

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Speaker 1: States is fo dollars and just note that first trimester

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Speaker 1: abortions are less expensive than second trimester abortions. There are

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Speaker 1: two methods for performing an abortion. You can have a

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Speaker 1: medical abortion or a surgical abortion. And in a medical

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Speaker 1: abortion UH, you take pills to expel the fetus from

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Speaker 1: your body. You take an abortive facient, which is an

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Speaker 1: abortion inducing substance, and the f d A approved UM.

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Speaker 1: It's basically a two part procedure where you go in

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Speaker 1: first to a clinic and you take UM six in

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Speaker 1: r milligrams of something called mythopristone, which is followed by

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Speaker 1: four hundred micrograms of ms A prostal, which you can

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Speaker 1: usually take in your home if you elect to. And

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Speaker 1: you might have heard of methophristone, as are you for

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Speaker 1: eight six and it blocks the hormone progesterone, which allows

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Speaker 1: the uterine lining to build up to support the embryo

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Speaker 1: in the womb. So basically when you take are you

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Speaker 1: four it six, it causes that that uter in lining

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Speaker 1: to break down and bleeding similar to a minstrel period

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Speaker 1: will start to happen. And typically you will take that

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Speaker 1: first dosage at a doctor's office, and then a few

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Speaker 1: days later at your home or in a doctor's office,

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Speaker 1: you take that second half, which is actually what expels

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Speaker 1: the fetus in a process very similar to a miscarriage.

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Speaker 1: It feels very similar in terms of the cramping, nausea,

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Speaker 1: and the bleeding obviously is very similar so UM and

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Speaker 1: also something I learned after with this articles, they usually

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Speaker 1: have you take a suppository of a sedative to deal

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Speaker 1: with that that cramping and pain UM and then the

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Speaker 1: leading can occur for up to two weeks. But this

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Speaker 1: type of abortion is effective nine percent a time when

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Speaker 1: it's done in the first nine weeks of pregnancy, so

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Speaker 1: there is a window after which a medical abortion will

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Speaker 1: not work right, and it's used around the ninth week

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Speaker 1: in and it's at that time that you will probably

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Speaker 1: opt for a surgical abortion. And one of the most

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Speaker 1: common types of surgical abortions would be a vacuum extraction abortion,

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Speaker 1: and this is Actually, the most common method is a

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Speaker 1: vacuum extraction, and it can be performed for twelve weeks

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Speaker 1: after a woman's last period, and it can happen either

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Speaker 1: with the fetus being extracted, either manually or with a

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Speaker 1: handheld suction device or with an actual machine vacuum and UM.

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Speaker 1: The manual vacuum extraction is UM one of was one

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Speaker 1: of the earliest surgical options available to women. And basically

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Speaker 1: you go and it's it's not that much unlike a

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Speaker 1: gynecological exam where um, you sit in the chair, you're

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Speaker 1: in the stirrups um, you will be a speculum will

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Speaker 1: be inserted into a woman's vagina um. The cervix might

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Speaker 1: have to be slightly numbed, and then the doctor will

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Speaker 1: insert a tube through the cervix and into the unuse

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Speaker 1: and then apply um section with a special handheld device

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Speaker 1: to extract the contents of the uterus. And it only

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Speaker 1: takes a few minutes, right, And you know, we found

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Speaker 1: a few blogs on the Internet of women who have

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Speaker 1: had abortion, so we're sharing their experiences and these are

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Speaker 1: very rare, usually because the politics will enter into it.

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Speaker 1: But I did want to read a description from an

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Speaker 1: abortion blog of what this process feels like Emmanuel vacuum extraction,

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Speaker 1: and this is from my abortion blog dot tumbler dot

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Speaker 1: com and I'm just gonna read verbatim what she wrote,

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Speaker 1: and before Molly starts, I do want to provide a

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Speaker 1: trigger warning for listeners out there, since this is a

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Speaker 1: pretty graphic account of what happens. The doctrines are the

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Speaker 1: speculum and then wiped my service clean with an antibiotic.

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Speaker 1: She then topically numbed it a bit and followed that

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Speaker 1: up with an anesthestic injection. This felt like a tiny

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Speaker 1: little poke and was mostly just uncomfortable, no less odd

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Speaker 1: feeling than a regular pap smear. The weird part was

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Speaker 1: that I got a little woozy and dizzy seconds after

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Speaker 1: the shot because the anesthetic entered my bloodst She talked

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Speaker 1: me through this, but I actually liked the feeling. Next,

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Speaker 1: she dilated my servix, but I didn't really feel much

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Speaker 1: more than a bit of pressure. She then inserted a

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Speaker 1: hose about the diameter of a pen, and again I

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Speaker 1: felt a bit of pressure. I could feel once the

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Speaker 1: procedure started, because I started getting some cramps about the

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Speaker 1: same as I would during a period. They continued. As

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Speaker 1: she continued the aspiration, there was also a slight tugging

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Speaker 1: feeling from the inside that was kind of odd. I

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Speaker 1: kept my hand on my belly the entire time. I

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Speaker 1: could feel my uterus tugging from the inside, like my

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Speaker 1: belly was actually rising and falling. The cramping continued, but

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Speaker 1: it was no worse than when I got from my period.

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Speaker 1: At the very end, the cramping got really bad, but

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Speaker 1: which she said was normal because it meant the uterus

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Speaker 1: was contracting back to its normal size. I think the

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Speaker 1: worst part was probably the five or so minutes after afterwards,

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Speaker 1: from the cramping got intense and the naja struck. I

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Speaker 1: started sweating a bit, and my boyfriend held my hand

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Speaker 1: tightly and kept a bucket in his hand in case

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Speaker 1: I needed to throw up. The cramps were uncomfortable, like

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Speaker 1: a combination of period and bathroom cramps at the same time,

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Speaker 1: and for a second I felt they would never go

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Speaker 1: away and I'd be curled up in that room forever.

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Speaker 1: But actually less than quickly and soon all but disappeared.

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Speaker 1: So that's one person's first person account of having an abortion.

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Speaker 1: So that was an example of a manual vacuum extraction,

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Speaker 1: but women can also have a machine vacuum extraction extraction

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Speaker 1: and the process is slightly more intensive since the woman's

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Speaker 1: cervix will need to be dilated and that's going to

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Speaker 1: happen either through absorbent dilators inserted a day beforehand or

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Speaker 1: by inserting rods that gradually increase in size on the

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Speaker 1: day of the procedure. And the rest of the abortion

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Speaker 1: procedure is very similar to manual extraction, except a machine

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Speaker 1: is going to apply the suction that pulls out the

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Speaker 1: uterine contents through the tube. And then sometimes after completing

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Speaker 1: the vacuum extraction, UH, the doctor will need to use

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Speaker 1: a curette to scrape the remaining feel tissue from the uterus, right,

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Speaker 1: And a cura is a long, thin instrument with a

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Speaker 1: kind of a serrated spirit the end. That's the part

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Speaker 1: that actually does the scraping, and when the cuat is

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Speaker 1: brought in, the procedure might be called a d n

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Speaker 1: C and UH this is you might also have a

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Speaker 1: d NC just at a gynecological exam if you've got

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Speaker 1: uh some sort of vaginal bleeding, if there's something going

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Speaker 1: on up there. Um and these extractions can usually reformed

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Speaker 1: up to sixteen weeks after women's last period, when they

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Speaker 1: bring the curet in to help scrape. Now we're at

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Speaker 1: sixteen weeks after a period extraction and then a curet.

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Speaker 1: Now once we um hit the sixteen week part, abortions

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Speaker 1: that take place after that are really the most controversial.

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Speaker 1: These are performed with a method known as dilation and evacuation.

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Speaker 1: And uh, this method, again, like to to provide a

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Speaker 1: little bit of a trigger warning, is a little more

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Speaker 1: um intensive than the vacuum extraction methods. And I think

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Speaker 1: it's natural that it has to be a little more

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Speaker 1: intensive because we're past sixteen weeks, were in the second trimester. U,

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Speaker 1: the fetus is a little bit more developed, but still

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Speaker 1: not viable outside womb. It can't live outside the woom

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Speaker 1: on its own according to medical definition. So I'm gonna

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Speaker 1: go ahead and read the definition of the dilation and evacuation.

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Speaker 1: What they have to do is they have to administer

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Speaker 1: a shot to the fetus through abdominal tissue to ensure

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Speaker 1: that the fetus is dead. Uh, they give medication to

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Speaker 1: the woman and as with the other methods that Kristen described,

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Speaker 1: they have to stretch the cervis through rods or through

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Speaker 1: um dilators. The fetal tissue is then extracted to the

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Speaker 1: degree possible with the vacuum that we mentioned in those

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Speaker 1: first trimester abortions. But then because the fetis has developed

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Speaker 1: it's a little bit larger, they might have to insert

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Speaker 1: forceps into the vagina and crush the fetus's head to

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Speaker 1: bring it out, or to break down the fetus so

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Speaker 1: that it can be removed. And uh, you know, the

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Speaker 1: doctors who pioneered this concept said they were looking for

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Speaker 1: a way to perform second trimester abortions that could be

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Speaker 1: done in a one day in and out outpatient procedure.

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Speaker 1: So it's a way to abort a fetis in a

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Speaker 1: way that that still allows women to kind of leave

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Speaker 1: of her own volition at the end of the day.

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Speaker 1: And these are I think we should mention that these

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Speaker 1: make up a very very small um proportion of all

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Speaker 1: the abortion procedures that happen every year. That what was

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Speaker 1: at one point three million abortions happen every year in

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Speaker 1: the United States, and a lot of times h dilation

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Speaker 1: and evacuation abortions happen. In the case of therapeutic abortions,

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Speaker 1: where the mother's life might be at risk carrying the

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Speaker 1: pregnancy to term. Now, one last type of abortion procedure

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Speaker 1: that we need to talk about is certainly the most controversial.

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Speaker 1: It's called dilation and extraction method and you've probably heard

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Speaker 1: of it as partial birth abortion. Right. This is when

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Speaker 1: the fetus is partially delivered vaginally, uh, in a breach position.

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Speaker 1: And when they have the fetus, you know, a little

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Speaker 1: bit out of the way, they'll make up out of

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Speaker 1: the way of the woman. They'll make a hole in

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Speaker 1: the base of the fetal skull, insert tubing, and you

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Speaker 1: suction to pull out the brain of the fetus. Uh.

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Speaker 1: This is so that the feet the skull will collapse

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Speaker 1: in the fetus can be fully expelled. And as Kristen said,

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Speaker 1: this this method is pretty controversial. It's been banned in

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Speaker 1: the United States except in the case of protecting a

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Speaker 1: woman's health. Um. Perhaps you might have an uneffected uterus

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Speaker 1: or hard condition that makes it impossible to continue the pregnancy. Now,

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Speaker 1: as Kristen sindys, you're extremely rare. The Gootmaker Institute estimates

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Speaker 1: that this makes up point to percent of all abortions

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Speaker 1: in the United States. UM. So that's that's sort of

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Speaker 1: the range that they can go. We've gone from taking

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Speaker 1: a pill and having a process very similar to a miscarriage,

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Speaker 1: all the way up to dilation and extraction, where we're

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Speaker 1: pulling out the fetus. Again, it's not medically viable at

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Speaker 1: this point, can't live outside of the womb. But you know,

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Speaker 1: then that's where the politics gets into it, that we're

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Speaker 1: gonna skip and that you know, is this a person

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Speaker 1: yet is it not. That's not our argument today. We'll

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Speaker 1: let you guys battle that out. But those that's the

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Speaker 1: range of abortion procedures that can take place. And and

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Speaker 1: even though the procedures that we've described sound very unpleasant,

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Speaker 1: I'm sure to our listeners, one thing to keep in

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Speaker 1: mind is that while possibly unpleasant, they are generally very

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Speaker 1: very safe. Um. In fact, a woman has eleven times

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Speaker 1: the chance of dying in childbirth as she does of

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Speaker 1: dying from an abortion performed in the first twenty weeks

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Speaker 1: of pregnancy. Now, after an abortion, regardless of the type

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Speaker 1: of abortion performed, women are kept in a recovery room

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Speaker 1: for a few hours, and then they usually go home,

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Speaker 1: where they'll continue to bleed um. They may have really

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Speaker 1: large blood clots. But a sign of a complication is

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Speaker 1: when the blood clots get larger than a lemon um.

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Speaker 1: But you know, you might have some fairly sizeable blood

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Speaker 1: clots for a few days. You can some women go

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Speaker 1: back to work the same day or the day after.

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Speaker 1: Some women go back to class very shortly after. But

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Speaker 1: the two things you can't do though our strenuous exercise

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Speaker 1: and putting anything in your vagina which ranges from a

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Speaker 1: tampon to sexual intercourse that would involve vaginal penetration. So um,

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Speaker 1: the vagina has to heal from this. Nothing nothing can

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Speaker 1: go up there. But speaking of intercourse and vaginal healing,

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Speaker 1: abortion does not affect future fertility. And I think that's

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Speaker 1: one one common misconception that we need to um that

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Speaker 1: we need to clear up that if you if a

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Speaker 1: woman has an abortion, it typically does not harm her

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Speaker 1: chances of having a child later. And another thing that

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Speaker 1: has been linked with abortion is a higher rate of

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Speaker 1: breast cancer. But some researchers are concerned that the studies

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Speaker 1: that link higher rate of breast cancer to abortion maybe

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Speaker 1: because the women who have breast cancer are so desperate

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Speaker 1: to find out why they have it that they'll admit

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Speaker 1: to an abortion, whereas women who don't have breast cancer

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Speaker 1: may not admit to an abortion. Uh to a researcher

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Speaker 1: that they don't know, so they haven't really drawn a

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Speaker 1: conclusive link. In fact, another study and from two thousand seven,

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Speaker 1: it followed a control group of women who didn't have

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Speaker 1: abortions against a group of woman that did, knowing out

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Speaker 1: from the front how everyone had had scored on the

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Speaker 1: abortion card, and the sentence of breast cancer was about

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Speaker 1: the same. So uh, that's right, doesn't affect future utility,

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Speaker 1: probably doesn't affect breast cancer. One aspect of abortion recovery

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Speaker 1: that often comes up in these politicized debates that we

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Speaker 1: do need to address is the mental health of the

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Speaker 1: woman involved. Because a lot of times you might hear

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Speaker 1: about post abortion syndrome, essentially that after a woman has

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Speaker 1: an abortion, she is going to suffer from massive anxiety

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Speaker 1: and depression and guilt over terminating a fetus, terminating a

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Speaker 1: pregnancy UM. But we need to remember that it is

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Speaker 1: not recognized by any medical or psychological association. And in fact,

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Speaker 1: UM a study that just came out in January UM

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Speaker 1: from a group of Danish researchers comparing UM mental health

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Speaker 1: effects post abortion and then post childbirth. Actually finds that

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Speaker 1: just like with childbirth, you know, you can't um can't

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Speaker 1: predict the mental health effects of either caring a child

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Speaker 1: to term or terminating a pregnancy right. In fact, proportion wise,

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Speaker 1: the women who saw treatment for psychiatric counseling after abortion

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Speaker 1: it was about the same as the rate of a

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Speaker 1: woman who had sought treatment before before and after was

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Speaker 1: pretty much the same, And some doctors say that's because

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Speaker 1: women who get abortions may be more likely to have

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Speaker 1: other factors in their life that they need counseling about.

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Speaker 1: They couldn't draw any sort of uh line between the

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Speaker 1: abortion and the counseling, whereas the proportion of women who

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Speaker 1: needed counseling after having the child was much higher compared

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Speaker 1: to the rate of women in that group who would

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Speaker 1: need a counseling before. And obviously there are all sorts

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Speaker 1: of things that can go on. You're sleepless, there's postprimed depression,

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Speaker 1: it's a lot of stress to have a newborn in

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Speaker 1: your life. So they're saying that, you know, in terms

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Speaker 1: of actual mental stress, it's possible that the actual child

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Speaker 1: might do more for you than than uh than getting here,

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Speaker 1: than terminating the pregnancy. And we're certainly not sitting here

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Speaker 1: saying that abortion is better for your mental health been

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Speaker 1: carrying a pregnancy to term um. But we're just trying

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Speaker 1: to make the point that you have to consider each

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Speaker 1: on a case by case basis. You cannot make any

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Speaker 1: kind of blanket judgment on the mental health of all

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Speaker 1: women who become pregnant and based on what they choose

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Speaker 1: to do. Right now, Molly, we have gone through this

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Speaker 1: entire abortion podcast without mentioning the tune names probably best

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Speaker 1: that's closely associated with it, and that would be Raw

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Speaker 1: and that would be Wade, because we're trying to keep

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Speaker 1: this conversation a political and those names are so charged politically. Yeah,

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Speaker 1: if there's one. If if you had to walk down

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Speaker 1: the street and ask anyone uh to name one Supreme

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Speaker 1: Court case in the US, it would Row v. Way

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Speaker 1: would probably come up more than any other. I don't

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Speaker 1: know of a of a more controversial court case that

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Speaker 1: it happened in nineteen seventy three and established that any

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Speaker 1: legal restriction to an abortion violated the of privacy guaranteed

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Speaker 1: by the Fourteenth Amendment. So that established that the decision

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Speaker 1: to perform an abortion was up to a woman and

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Speaker 1: her doctor and there should be no government interference. But

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Speaker 1: the reason we bring Roe v. Wade up, which deserves

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Speaker 1: a podcast all its own, is um just to talk

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Speaker 1: a little bit about the history of abortion and its

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Speaker 1: legality through time. And you know, you'll always find people

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Speaker 1: who say that, you know, even from the ancient days,

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Speaker 1: people were finding herbs and mixtures that they could use

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Speaker 1: to uh induced an abortion. They might beat themselves violently

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Speaker 1: in the abdominal region. And in fact, some of the

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Speaker 1: first laws that criminalized abortion were meant to protect women

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Speaker 1: from doing this rather than to protect a fetus from termination,

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Speaker 1: because too may were dying from taking poisons to bring

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Speaker 1: on an abortion. And one thing that we should bring up,

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Speaker 1: and in terms of statistics, in the United States before

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Speaker 1: Roe v. Wade, an estimated one point two million abortions

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Speaker 1: were taking place in back alleys and in you know,

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Speaker 1: hidden clinics and things like that, and today or even

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Speaker 1: in some real clinics because you know, money, money can

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Speaker 1: open a lot of doors. So you know, there were

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Speaker 1: some doctors who are performing abortions legal just because someone

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Speaker 1: could pay. And speaking of money, I think that one

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Speaker 1: one of the most interesting findings that you reveal in

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Speaker 1: your article on abortion, Molly is that doctors did have

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Speaker 1: economic motivations for advocating against abortion because they lost a

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Speaker 1: significant amount of income to midwives and private people who

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Speaker 1: would perform abortions, and as a result, the American Medical

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Speaker 1: Association served as one of the main legal lobbies against

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Speaker 1: abortions legalizing abortion. That was really interesting finding I found

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Speaker 1: in a book, and of course, as always, will put

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Speaker 1: all our sources up on our blog. UM, but right now,

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Speaker 1: abortion is a legal procedure and you know, its status

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Speaker 1: of remaining so is up to the political debate that

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Speaker 1: we're not going to touch right now. But we hope

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Speaker 1: that in sort of just talking about the procedure behind

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Speaker 1: the politics, that you understand this procedure a little bit

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Speaker 1: more more. Um. You know, like we said, one in

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Speaker 1: three women have had an abortion or we'll have an abortion.

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Speaker 1: So we know there are listeners out there who probably

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Speaker 1: have UM. As always, you can share our stories or

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Speaker 1: you cannot share your stories. This is obviously a touchy subjects.

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Speaker 1: Some people don't want to talk about it. Some people

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Speaker 1: are eager to shout up from the rooftops, like with

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Speaker 1: these blogs. Um, and sometimes that can be helpful because,

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Speaker 1: as we said, when you google it, there's not a

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Speaker 1: lot that comes up because it is so to have taboo,

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Speaker 1: so political, and I think that both sides of the

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Speaker 1: political argument would benefit from a clear, more honest understanding

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Speaker 1: of an abortion procedure. We all need to be educated

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Speaker 1: about it because, once again, Molly, it is one of

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Speaker 1: the most common surgical procedures that women undergo in the

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Speaker 1: United States exactly. So, UM, we welcome your comments. The

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Speaker 1: email addresses mom Stuff at how stuff works dot com.

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Speaker 1: It will be interesting to see if the comments turn

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Speaker 1: more political than we allowed the podcast to be. Maybe

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Speaker 1: you guys will pick up on places where we failed

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Speaker 1: in our ability to be a political Let us know

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Speaker 1: about that, and in the meantime, let us read some emails. Well,

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Speaker 1: I have an email here from Megan and this is

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Speaker 1: in response to our podcast on why women tend to

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Speaker 1: be colder than men, and she writes, I just transferred

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Speaker 1: to a cubicle workspace, and for whatever reason, I can't

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Speaker 1: always anticipate my temperature. My tips number one layers, especially cardigans,

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Speaker 1: because they're so easy to adjust on button up and

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Speaker 1: down sleeves, take on an off, et cetera. Two scarves.

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Speaker 1: These deserve their own mention, mostly because they make a

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Speaker 1: huge difference if you haven't layered enough. Number three fingerless gloves, Megan,

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Speaker 1: you must be in a cold office if you are

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Speaker 1: advocating fingerless gloves. Um. She says that they are a lifesaver.

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Speaker 1: And then for of course warm liquids, coffee, tea, cocoa,

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Speaker 1: even water. Megan. I'm just imagining you, you know, like

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00:23:52,920 --> 00:23:56,239
Speaker 1: huddled huddled over your laptop with fingerless gloves and just

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00:23:56,280 --> 00:23:59,040
Speaker 1: a couple of hot water. Megan, I have been there too.

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00:23:59,240 --> 00:24:02,520
Speaker 1: Don't let christ and Kristen put this down. Just that

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00:24:02,680 --> 00:24:05,480
Speaker 1: must be really cold office. But she says, on the

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00:24:05,480 --> 00:24:08,720
Speaker 1: plus side, it's almost March, which means springs come and

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00:24:09,359 --> 00:24:11,479
Speaker 1: well except for office like ours, who turned the air

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00:24:11,600 --> 00:24:13,920
Speaker 1: a c way up in the summer, which is cold.

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00:24:13,960 --> 00:24:16,520
Speaker 1: But then we just the sunny spots would just go outside, Molly,

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00:24:16,560 --> 00:24:19,680
Speaker 1: we try. I have another email from the same podcast

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00:24:19,680 --> 00:24:22,960
Speaker 1: about women running colder than men, and this is from Kristen.

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00:24:23,040 --> 00:24:25,000
Speaker 1: She writes, I noticed that when I've been lifting weights

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00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:26,880
Speaker 1: a lot i eat gain muscle, that I am far

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00:24:26,960 --> 00:24:29,040
Speaker 1: less cold in office environments. And if i'd work out

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00:24:29,040 --> 00:24:31,639
Speaker 1: in the morning. My metabolism is up, which seems to

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00:24:31,720 --> 00:24:34,359
Speaker 1: keep me warmer. Along those lines, don't go hours and

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00:24:34,400 --> 00:24:37,000
Speaker 1: hours without eating, otherwise your metabolism drops and you may

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00:24:37,000 --> 00:24:39,639
Speaker 1: feel cold. Finally, you said that for people who with

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00:24:39,760 --> 00:24:42,200
Speaker 1: seriously cold hands, their hands got from white to blue.

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00:24:42,800 --> 00:24:45,160
Speaker 1: Is this something that affects white people more than other

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00:24:45,280 --> 00:24:47,879
Speaker 1: racists or are you just speaking from your own experience?

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00:24:48,200 --> 00:24:50,320
Speaker 1: And this was a really good call out because ray

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00:24:50,359 --> 00:24:54,119
Speaker 1: knows does affect people of all races equally according to

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00:24:54,160 --> 00:24:56,040
Speaker 1: the research has been done so far, which is kind

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00:24:56,040 --> 00:24:58,879
Speaker 1: of limited, but yes, it can affect people of all racists.

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00:24:58,880 --> 00:25:00,320
Speaker 1: So when I said white to blue, that was just

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00:25:00,359 --> 00:25:04,159
Speaker 1: what I had seen, but it maybe other colors. And

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Speaker 1: if you have an email you'd like to send our

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00:25:06,480 --> 00:25:09,320
Speaker 1: way again, our address is mom Stuff at how stuff

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00:25:09,359 --> 00:25:12,200
Speaker 1: works dot com. You can follow us on Twitter at

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00:25:12,440 --> 00:25:14,840
Speaker 1: mom Stuff Podcasts. You can hit this s up on

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00:25:14,920 --> 00:25:17,800
Speaker 1: the lace book, which we'd love for you to like. Lastly,

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00:25:17,880 --> 00:25:20,320
Speaker 1: you can check out our blog It's stuff Mom Never

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00:25:20,359 --> 00:25:26,760
Speaker 1: Told You at how stuff works dot com for more

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00:25:26,800 --> 00:25:29,000
Speaker 1: on this and thousands of other topics. Is it how

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00:25:29,040 --> 00:25:31,680
Speaker 1: stuff works dot com so learn more about the podcast

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00:25:31,880 --> 00:25:34,439
Speaker 1: clock on the podcast icon in the upper right corner

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00:25:34,440 --> 00:25:37,520
Speaker 1: of our homepage. The How Stuff Works iPhone app has

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00:25:37,520 --> 00:25:45,280
Speaker 1: a ride. Download it today on iTunes, brought to you

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00:25:45,280 --> 00:25:48,680
Speaker 1: by the reinvented two thousand twelve Camray. It's ready, are

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Speaker 1: you